anantha lakshmi satyavathi devi kommula.pdf
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National Journal of Medical and Dental Research, April – June 2014: Volume-2, Issue-3, Page 15-17
Knowledge, Attitude and Practices of Breast Feeding
among Mothers in a Slum Area of Amalapuram, East
Godavari District, Andhrapradesh
Anantha Lakshmi Satyavathi Devi KommulaA, Vani Madhavi KommulaB
A Assistant Professor, Department of Gynaecology and obsterics, KIMS, Amalapuram,
East Godavari District,Andhra Pradesh. B Associate professor, Department of Community Medicine, KIMS, Amalapuram,
East Godavari District, Andhra Pradesh.
Abstract:
Background & objecves: Breast feeding is the fundamental right the infant gets when
he is born. Breast feeding pracces vary among dierent regions and communies.
To study the knowledge, atude and pracces of breast feeding among the mothers.
Study design: Cross seconal study.
Seng: Urban health center catchment area of Konaseema Instute of Medical
Sciences, Andhra Pradesh, India. Subjects: 135mothers were parcipated in the study.
Study variables: Mother age, educaonal status, me of iniaon of breast feeding,
colostrum feeding, duraon of exclusive breast feeding.
Stascal analysis: It was done using Epi-info version 7.0. Results: Majority (63.2%)
were in the age group of 18-21 years, 52.6% were literates.36.3% have knowledge
about the me of iniaon of breast feeding, 97.8% have posive atude towards
breast feeding. Early iniaon of breast feeding was done by 48.1% of the mothers.94%
of mothers given colostrum to their babies.
Conclusion: Early iniaon of breast feeding, giving colostrum and exclusive breast
feeding for the rst six months need to be reinforced.
Key Words: KAP, Breast feeding, Andhra Pradesh.
Natl J Med Dent Res 2014; 2(3) : 15-17
Manuscript Reference
Number: Njmdr_425_13
Date of submission: 26 June 2013
Date of Editorial approval: 03 July 2013
Date of Peer review approval: 02 August 2013
Date of Publication: 30 June 2014
Conict of Interest: Nil; Source of support: Nil
Name and addresses of corresponding author:
Anantha Lakshmi Satyavathi Devi Kommula,
Assistant Professor,
Department of Gynaecology and obsterics,
Konaseema Institute of Medical Sciences (KIMS),
Amalapuram, District: East Godavari-533201,
Andhra Pradesh,India.Tel No.08856- 237996-998,
Mobile no.919989420676.
Email: alsdevi14@ gmail.com
iginal Article
Introduction:
Breast feeding is the fundamental right the
infant gets when he is born. It was estimatedthat 14 lakh infant deaths can be averted
with exclusive breast feeding [1]. The
benecial effects of breast feeding depend
on initiation, its duration, and the age at
which the child is weaned [2]. It should
be initiated within 30 minutes of delivery
[3]. UNICEF and WHO recommends that
child should exclusively breast fed for
rst 4 to 6 months of life and continue
breast feeding together with weaning
food up to and beyond second year of life
[4]. Breast feeding practices vary among
different regions and communities [5]. InIndia breastfeeding appears to be shaped
by the beliefs of a community, which are
further inuenced by social, cultural and
economic factors. Hence the study with
these relationships helps in orienting the
breastfeeding promotional activities and
for preventing a decline in initiation and
duration of breastfeeding practices. It is also
useful for policy makers for interventional
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National Journal of Medical and Dental Research, April – June 2014: Volume-2, Issue-3, Page 15-17
programmes.
Material and Methods:
The present study is a cross sectional community based study,
carried out in the urban health center catchment area which
is attached to Konaseema Institute Of Medical Sciences,
Amalapuram, East Godavari district, Andhrapradesh, India
during March to June 2013.Our urban health center total
population is 14,925 which consists of 33 colonies. Out of
which four were selected randomly they are Vaddigudem,
Janakipeta, Uppar colony, AMG colony. Mothers who are
having a child between 12-14 months of age of both sexes
from these colonies were included in the study.
Approval from the Institutional Ethics Committee was
taken prior to the study initiation and written consent
was taken from the participants those who are willing to
participate, after explaining the objectives and procedure
of the study. All mothers were subjected to a pre tested,
semi structured questionnaire. By interviewing them data
was collected on the background information, knowledge,
attitude and their breast feeding practices. The data was
processed and statistical analysis was done using Epi-info
version 7.0.
Results and Discussion:
One hundred and thirty ve mothers were participated in
the study. Among them majority (63.2%) were in the age
group of 18-21 years, education wise 52.6% were literates.
Knowledge regarding breast feeding only 36.3% have
knowledge about time of initiation breast feeding, 65.2%
know the importance of colostrum feeding, 47.4% know
the correct duration of breast feeding, 63.7% know the
benets to the child, but only 10.4% know the benets
to the mother by giving breast milk. (Table 1) In a study
in the urban slums of Karnataka 41.7% of mothers were
informed about breast feeding.6 In an another study in the
rural population of north India they found that 39% of themothers had satisfactory knowledge about breast feeding.7
Table 1
Knowledge about breast feeding
Characteristics Yes No
Time of initiation of
breast feeding
49 (36.3%) 86 (63.7%)
Colostrum feeding 88(65.2%) 47 (34.8%)
Duration of breast feeding 64 (47.4%) 71 (52.6%)
Benets to the child 86 (63.7%) 49 (36.3%)
Benets to the mother 14 (10.4%) 121 (89.6%)
Majority of them (97.8%) have positive attitude towards
breast feeding where as in another study 70.2% had good
and very good attitude in this regard.8 89.6% have positive
attitude regarding colostrum feeding, where as 56.3% have
negative attitude towards exclusive breast feeding. (Table
2)
Table 2
Attitude regarding breast feeding
Characteristics Positive Negative
About breast feeding 132 (97.8%) 3 (2.2%)
Colostrum feeding 121(89.6%) 14(10.4%)
Exclusive breast
feeding
59 (43.7%) 76 (56.3%)
Duration of breast
feeding
89(65.9%) 46(34.1%)
Early initiation of breast feeding was done by 48.1% of the
mothers, among them 67.7% were literates and it is found
statistically signicant. (Table 3) In a study in urban slums
of Chandigarh 58.9% initiated breast feeding with in six
hours of birth.9 Where as in an another study from South
India only 28% initiated early breast feeding.10 In a study in
the urban slum of Nagpur they found that mothers who had
received knowledge about breast feeding during antenatal
period were less likely to cause delay in initiation of breast
feeding.11
Table 3
Initiation of breast feeding in relation to mother’s
education
S.No Time Illiterate Literate
X2 =13.82,
p = 0.003
1 <1hr 21 44
2 1-6 hr 27 15
3 < 1 day 11 5
4 > 1 day 5 7
Majority of the mothers (94%) given colostrum to their
babies (Table 4), where as in an another study 15.4%
babies had not received colostrum.12 The common reason
the mothers are telling that colostrum was not good for the
child.
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National Journal of Medical and Dental Research, April – June 2014: Volume-2, Issue-3, Page 15-17
Table 4
Colostrum feeding in relation to mother’s education
(n=135)
Illiterate Literate Total
Colostrum given 58 69 127 (94.1%)
Colostrum not
given
6 2 8 (5.9%)
X2 =1.29, p= 0.222
Majority of the mothers (67.4%) breast fed their babies
for more than one year. Among them illiterate mothers
(75.8%) are more compared to literate mothers, and it is
found statistically signicant. (Table 5) In an another study
in Delhi 83.5% of children are breastfed till one year of
age.13
Table 5
Duration of breast feeding in relation to mother’s
education
Illiterate Literate Total
< 1 year 10 34 44 (32.6%)
> 1year 69 22 91(67.4%)
X2 =34.19, p= 0.000
Conclusions:
Majority of the literate mothers are doing early initiation
of breast feeding. Early initiation of breast feeding, giving
colostrum and exclusive breast feeding for the rst six
months need to be reinforced through IEC activity by all
healthcare personnel specially grass route workers i.e.,
ANM and ASHA, creating awareness in the community by
celebrating breast feeding week.
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