arth vyavastha (4) - भारत में खाद्य सुरक्षा

8/13/2019 Arth Vyavastha (4) -

1/12

Hkkjr esa[kk| lqj{kk 41

4v;k;4

fdlh vkink osQ le; [kk| lqj{kk oSQls izHkkfor gksrh

gS\fdlh izkfrd vkink tSls] lw[ks osQ dkj.k [kk|kUudh oqQy mit esa fxjkoV vkrh gSA blls izHkkfor {ks=k esa

[kk| dh deh gks tkrh gSA [kk| dh deh osQ dkj.k dhersa

c


2/12

42 vFkZ'kkL=k

vkb, ppkZ djsa

oqQN yksxksadk dguk gSfd caxky dk vdky pkoy dh deh osQ dkj.k gqvk FkkA lkj.kh 4-1 dk v;;u djsavkSjcrk,fd D;k vki bl dFku lslger gSa\

fdl o"kZ esa [kk| miyCkrk esaHkkjh deh gqbZ\

D;k vkidksekywwe gS fd caxky osQ vdky lslcls

vfkd dkSu yksx Hkkfor gq,\ pkoy dh dherksa esa

Hkkjh o`f ls [ksfrgj eknwj] eNqvkjs] ifjogudehZvkSj vU; vfu;fer Jfed lclsvfkd izHkkfor

gq,A bl vdky esa lclsvfkd ogh ejsA

o"kZ mRiknu vk;kr fu;kZr oqQy miyCkrk(yk[k Vu) (yk[k Vu) (yk[k Vu) (yk[k Vu)

1938 85 & & 851939 79 04 & 83

1940 82 03 & 85

1941 68 02 & 70

1942 93 & 01 92

1943 76 03 & 79

lzk sr %lsu] ,-osQ-] 1983] i`"B 61 (ns[ksa bl v;k; dk ^lanHkZ*)

lkj.kh 4-1 %caxky kar esapkoy dh mit

vdky osQ nkSjku cM+siSekusij ekSrsa gksrh gSatksHkq[kejh

rFkk foo'k gksdj nwf"kr ty ;k lM+sHkkstu osQ iz;ksx ls

iSQyusokyh egkekfj;ksarFkk Hkq[kejh lsmRi dekksjh lsjksxksaosQ izfr 'kjhj dh izfrjkskh {kerk esafxjkoV osQ dkj.k gksrh gSA

Hkkjr esatkslclsHk;kud vdky iM+k Fkk] og 1943

dk caxky dk vdky FkkA bl vdky esaHkkjr osQ caxky izkar

esa rhl yk[k yksx ekjs x, FksA

fp=k 4-1 %jkgr oasQnzij Hkq[kejh lsihfM+r yksx] 1945 fp=k 4-2 %1943 osQ caxky osQ vdky osQ nkSjku iwohZcaxky osQpVxko fkys esaxko NksM+dj tkrk gqvk ,d ifjokjA


3/12


Hkkjr esacaxky tSlk vdky iqu% dHkh ughaiM+kA ysfdu

;g prk dk fo"k; gSfd vkt Hkh mM+hlk esadkykgkaMh rFkk

dk'khiqj tSlsLFkku gSa] tgkvdky tSlh n'kk,vusd o"kksls

cuh gqbZgSa vkSj ,slh Hkh lwpuk feyh gSfd ogkHkw[k osQ

dkj.k oqQN yksxksadh eR;qHkh gqbZ gSA gky osQ oqQN o"kks esa

jktLFkku osQ ckju fkys] >kj[kaM osQ ikykew fkys rFkk vU;

lqnwjorhZ{ks=kksaesa Hkw[k osQ dkj.k yksxksadh e`R;qdh lwpuk

feyh gSA vr% fdlh Hkh ns'k esa [kk| lqj{kk vko';d gksrh

gSrkfd lnSo [kk| dh miyCkrk lqfuf'pr dh tk losQA

[kk|&vlqjf{kr dkSu gSa\

;|fi Hkkjr esayksxksadk ,d cM+k oxZ[kk| ,oa iks"k.k dh

n`f"V lsvlqjf{kr gS] ijarqblls lokZfkd Hkkfor oxks esa

fuEufyf[kr 'kkfey gSa % Hkwfeghu tksFkksM+h cgqr vFkok ux.;Hkwfe ij fuHkZj gSa] ikjaifjd nLrdkj] ikjaifjd lsok,nku

djusokysyksx] viuk NksVk&eksVk dke djusokysdkexkj

vkSj fujkfJr rFkk fHk[kkjhA 'kgjh {ks=kksaesa[kk| dh nf"V ls

vlqjf{kr os ifjokj gSa ftuosQ dkedkth lnL; k;% de

osru okysO;olk;ksavkSj vfu;r Je&ckkkj esadke djrsgaSA

;sdkexkj vfkdrj ekSleh dk;ksesayxsgSavkSj mudksbruh

de eknwjh nh tkrh gSfd os ek=k thfor jg ldrs gSaA

lq>k, x, dk;Z

(d)fp=k 4-1 esavki D;k ns[krs gSa\

([k)igysfp=k esadkSu lk vk;qoxZfn[k jgk gS\(x) D;k vki dg ldrs gSa fd fp=k 4-2 esa fn[kk;k x;kifjokj xjhc gS\ D;ksa\

(?k) D;k vki vdky iM+uslsigys(nksuksa fp=kksaesafn[kk,x,) yksxksadh thfodk osQ lzksr osQ ckjsesavuqeku yxkldrs gSa\ (xko osQ lanHkZesa)

()Kkr djsafd fdlh jkgr f'kfoj esaizkfrd vkink osQihfM+rksadksfdl rjg dh enn nh tkrh gSA

(p) D;k vkius bl rjg osQ ihfM+rksadh dHkh (ku] [kk|]

diM+kass] nokvksavkfn osQ :i esa) lgk;rk dh gS\

ifj;kstuk dk;Z % Hkkjr esavdky lacakh vkSjlwpuk,,d=k djsaA

jkewdh dgkuh

jkewjk;iqj xko esaf"k {ks=kd esa ,d vfu;r [ksfrgj

eknwj osQ :i esadke djrk gSA mldk lclscM+k csVklksewnl o"kZ dk gSA og Hkh xko osQ ljiap lriky

lg osQ i'kqvksadh ns[kHkky djusokys ikyh osQ :i

esa dke djrk gSA lksewljiap osQ ;gkiwjs o"kZdke

djrk gS vkSj mls bl dke osQ fy, flI+kZQ ,d gkkj

#i;s feyrsgaSA jkewosQ rhu vkSj csVs vkSj nks csfV;kgSa]

ysfdu os vHkh cgqr de mezosQ gSa vkSj os[ksr esa

dke ughadj ldrsA jkew dh iRuh lqugjh Hkh i'kqvksa

dh lI+kQkbZdjusvkSj xkscj gVkusdk dke (va'kdkfyd)

djrh gSA mls vius jkskkuk dke osQ cnys vkkk

yhVj nwk vkSj lfCk;ksa osQ lkFk oqQN idk [kkuk

feyrk gSA blosQ vykok O;Lr ekSle esaog viusifr

osQ lkFk fey dj [ksrh esa dke djrh gSvkSj mudh

vkenuh c


4/12

44 vFkZ'kkL=k

vkb, ppkZ djsa

f"k ,d ekSleh f;k D;ksagS\

jkewo"kZosQ yxHkx pkj eghus csjkskxkj D;ksa jgrk gS\ tc jkew csjkskxkj gksrk gS] rks og D;k djrk gS\

jkewosQ ifjokj esaiwjd vk; dkSu nku djrk gS\

dksbZHkh dke ikusesavleFkZ gksus ij] jkewdksdfBukbZ

D;ksa gksrh gS\

jkew[kk| dh n`f"V ls dc vlqjf{kr gksrk gSSS\

vgen caxyksj esafjD'kk pykrk gSA og viusrhu Hkkb;ksa]nkscguksavkSj cwqejh ryS;k lsvk;kgSA og ,d >qXxh esajgrk gSA mlosQ ifjokj osQ leLrlnL;ksadk ikyu&iks"k.k fjD'kk pykusls gksusokyhmldh frfnu dh vk; ij fuHkZj gSA cgjgky] mldkjkskxkj lqjf{kr ughagSvkSj mldh vk; frfnu ?kVrh&ckj[kaM] mM+hlk] if'pe caxky] Nkhlx


5/12


dkj.k nh?kZdkfyd Hkq[kejh lsxzLr gksrsgSaA ekSleh Hkq[kejh

iQly mitkus vkSj dkVusosQ p lslac gSA ;g xzkeh.k

{ks=kksadh f"k f;kvksadh ekSleh izfr osQ dkj.k rFkkuxjh; {ks=kksaesavfu;fer Je osQ dkj.k gksrh gSA tSls] cjlkr

osQ ekSle esavfu;r fuekZ.k Jfed dksde dke jgrk gSA

bl rjg dh Hkq[kejh rc gksrh gS] tc dksbZO;fDr iwjso"kZ

dke ikus esav{ke jgrk gSA

lkj.kh 4-2 eas fn[kk;k x;k gS fd Hkkjr esa ekSleh vkSj

lkFk gh nh?kZdkfyd Hkq[kejh osQ izfr'kr esafxjkoV vkbZgSA

Lora=krk osQ ckn [kk|kUuksaesavkRefuHkZj gksuk Hkkjr

dk y{; jgk gSA

Lora=krk osQ i'pkr~ Hkkjrh; uhfr&fuekZrkvksaus[kk|kUuksa

easvkRefuHkZjrk kIr djusosQ lHkh mik; fd,A Hkkjr usf"k

esa,d u;h j.kuhfr viukbZ] ftldh ifj.kfr gfjr kafr esagqbZ] fo'ks"kdj xsgwvkSj pkoy osQ mRiknu esaA

rRdkyhu izkkuea=kh bafnjk xkakh us tqykbZ] 1968 essa xsgw

kafr* 'kh"kZd ls ,d fo'ks"k Mkd fVdV tkjh dj f"k osQ

{ks=kd esa gfjr kafr dh izHkko'kkyh izxfr dks vkfkdkfjd

:i lsntZfd;kA xsgw dh liQyrk osQ ckn pkoy osQ {ks=k

esa bl liQyrk dh iqujko`fk gqbZA cgjgky] vukt dh mit

esa o`f lekuqikfrd ugha FkhA iatkc vkSj gfj;k.kk esa

lkj.kh 4-2 %Hkkjr esa^Hkq[kejh* lsxzLr ifjokjksadk izfr'kr

Hkq[kejh osQ izdkj

o"kZ ekSleh nh?kZdkfyd oqQy

xzkeh.k

1983 16-2 2-3 18-51993&94 4-2 0-9 5-11999&2000 2-6 0-7 3-3

'kgjh1983 5-6 0-8 6-41993&94 1-1 0-5 1-61999&2000 0-6 0-3 0-9

lzk sr %lkxj 2004] fo|k (ns[ksa bl v;k; dk ^lanHkZ*)

lokZfkd o`f&nj ntZdh xbZ] tgkvuktksadk mRiknu1964&65 osQ 72-3 yk[k Vu dh rqyuk esa c


6/12

46 vFkZ'kkL=k

lzk sr %vkfFkZd losZ{k.k 2004&05

vkjs[k 4-1 %Hkkjr esa vukt dh mit(djksM+ Vu)

cI+kQj LVkWd D;ksa cukrh gS\ ,slk deh okys {ks=kksa esavkSj

lekt osQ xjhc oxksesackkkj dher lsde dher ij vukt

osQ forj.k osQ fy, fd;k tkrk gSA bl dher dksfuxZe dher

Hkh dgrsgaSA ;g [kjkc ekSle esa;k fiQj vkink dky esavuktdh deh dh leL;k gy djusesaHkh enn djrk gSA

lkoZtfud forj.k iz.kkyh D;k gS\

Hkkjrh; [kk| fuxe }kjk vfkkIr vukt dksljdkj fofu;fer

jk'ku nqdkuksa osQ ek;e lslekt osQ xjhc oxks esaforfjr

djrh gSA blslkoZtfud forj.k iz.kkyh (ih-Mh-,l-)dgrs

gSaA vc vfkdka'k {ks=kksa] xkoksa] dLcksa vkSj 'kgjksaesajk'ku dh

nqdkusagSaA ns'k Hkj esayxHkx 4-6 yk[k jk'ku dh nqdkusagSaA

jk'ku dh nqdkuksa esa] ftUgsamfpr nj okyh nqdkusadgk

tkrk gS] phuh [kk|kUu vkSj [kkuk idkus osQ fy, feh osQ

rsy dk HkaMkj gksrk gSA ;slc ckkkj dher lsde dher

ij yksxksa dkscspk tkrk gSA jk'ku dkMZ j[kusokyk dksbZHkh

ifjokj frekg budh ,d vuqcafkr ek=kk (tSls35 fdyksxzke

vukt] 5 yhVj feh dk rsy] 5 fdyksxzke phuh vkfn)

fudVorhZjk'ku dh nqdku ls[kjhn ldrk gSA

vkb, ppkZ djsa

vkjs[k 4-1 dk v;;u djsavkSj fuEufyf[kr 'uksaosQ mkj nsa %

gekjsns'k esa fdl o"kZ easvukt mRiknu 200 djksM+

Vu fro"kZ lsvfkd gqvk\

Hkkjr esa fdl n'kd esavukt mRiknu esa lokZfkd

n'kdh; o`f gqbZ\

D;k 2000&01 lsHkkjr esa mRiknu esa o`f LFkk;h gS\

cI+kQj LVkWd D;k gS\

cI+kQj LVkWd Hkkjrh; [kk| fuxe(,I+kQ-lh-vkbZ-) osQ ek;e

lsljdkj }kjk vfkkIr vukt] xsgwvkSj pkoy dk HkaMkj gSA

Hkkjrh; [kk| fuxe vfk'ks"k mRiknu okys jkT;ksaesa fdlkukas

lsxsgwvkSj pkoy [kjhnrk gSA fdlkuksa dksmudh iQly osQ

fy, igysls?kksf"kr dhersanh tkrh gSaA bl ewY; dksU;wure

leFkr dherdgk tkrk gSA bu iQlyksaosQ mRiknu dks

ksRlkgu nsusosQ ms'; lscqvkbZosQ ekSle lsigysljdkj

U;wure leFkr dher dh ?kks"k.kk djrh gSA [kjhnsgq, vukt

[kk| HkaMkjksa esa j[kstkrsgSaA D;k vki tkursgSa fd ljdkj


7/12


fp=k 4-4

jk'ku dkMZrhu dkj osQ gksrsgSa % (d) fukZuksaesa Hkh

fukZu yksxksaosQ fy, vaR;ksn; dkMZ] ([k) fukZurk

js[kk lsuhpsosQ yksxksa osQ fy, ch ih ,y dkMZvkSj(x) vU; yksxksa osQ fy, , ih ,y dkMZA

lq>kbZxbZ f;k,

viusbykosQ dh jk'ku dh nqdku ij tk, vkSj ogkls

fuEufyf[kr C;kSjk kIr djsa %

1 jk'ku dh nqdku dc [kqyrh gS\

2 jk'ku dh nqdku ij dkSu&dkSu lh phksacsph tkrh gSa\

3 jk'ku dh nqdku osQ pkoy vkSj phuh (fukZjrk dh js[kklsuhpsokysifjokjksaosQ fy,) dh dher dh rqyuk

fdlh vU; fdjkusdh nqdku dh dherksalsdjsaA

irk yxk, %

1 D;k vkiosQ ikl jk'ku dkMZ gS\

2 bl jk'ku dkMZlsvkiosQ ifjokj usgky esa dkSu&lh

phk [kjhnh gS\

3 D;k mUgsa fdlh rjg dh leL;kvksadk lkeuk djuk

iM+rk gS\4 jk'ku dh nqdkusaD;ksak:jh gSa\

Hkkjr esa jk'ku O;oLFkk dh 'kq#vkr caxky osQ vdky

dh i`"BHkwfe esa 1940 osQ n'kd esa gqbZA gfjr kafr ls iwoZ

Hkkjh [kk| ladV osQ dkj.k 60 osQ n'kd osQ nkSjku jk'kuiz.kkyh iquthZfor dh xbZA xjhch osQ mPp Lrjksa dks ;ku

esa j[krs gq, 70 osQ n'kd osQ e; ,u-,l-,l-vks- dh

fjiksVZ osQ vuqlkj [kk| lacakh rhu egoiw.k Z var%{ksi

dk;Ze kjaHk fd, x,%lkoZtfud forj.k iz.kkyh(tks

igys ls gh Fkh] ysfdu mls vkSj ekcwr fd;k x;k)]

,dhr cky fodkl lsok,(vkbZ-lh-Mh-,l-] tksk;ksfxd

vkkkj ij 1975 esa 'kq: dh xbZ) vkSjdke osQ cnys

vukt(,iQ-,iQ-MCY;w-]1977&78 esa izkjaHk)A bu o"kks esa

dbZ u, dk;Ze 'kq: fd, x, gSa vkSj dk;Zeksa dks pykus

osQ c


8/12

48 vFkZ'kkL=k

jk"V h; dke osQ cnysvukt dk;Zejk"Vh; dke osQ cnys vukt dk;Ze 14] uoacj

2004 dks iwjd Je jkskxkj osQ l`tu dks rho z djusosQ ms'; ls ns'k osQ 150 lokZ fkd fiNM+s fkyksa esakjaHk fd;k x;k FkkA ;g dk;Ze mu leLr xzkeh.kxjhcksa osQ fy, gS] ftUgsa osru jkskxkj dh vko';drkgS vkSj tks voqQ'ky 'kkjhfjd Je djus osQ bPNqdgSaA bls 'kr&izfr'kr oasQn z }kjk k;ks ftr dk;Ze osQ:i esa ykxw fd;k x;k vkSj jkT;ksa dks fu%'kqYdvukt eqgS;k djk;k tkrk jgk gSA ftyk Lrj ijdyDVj 'kh"kZ vfkdkjh gS vkSj mu ij bl dk;Ze

dh ;kstuk cukus] dk;kZUo;u] leUo;u vkSj i;Zos{k.kdh ftEesnkjh gSA o"kZ 2004&05 esa bl dk;Ze osQfy, 20 yk[k Vu vukt osQ vfrfjDr 2] 020djksM+ #i;s fu;r fd, x, gS aA

lkj.kh 4-3 %lkoZtfud forj.k iz.kkyh dh oqQN egoiw.kZfo'ks"krk,

uksV %ch ih ,y% fuk Zurk js[kk ls uhps] , ih ,y % fukZurk j s[kk lsijAlzk sr %vkfFkZd losZ{k.k

forj.k iz.kkyh dksvfkd n{k vkSj vfkd yf{kr cukus osQ

fy, la'kksfkr fd;k x;kA 1992 esans'k osQ 1700 CykWdksaesa

la'kksfkr lkoZtfud forj.k iz.kkyh (vkj ih Mh ,l) 'kq:

;kstuk dk vkjaHk dk o"kZ yf{kr lew g v|ru ek=kk fuxZe dherdke (#- -fd-)

lkoZtfud 1992 rd loZtuhu & xsgw & 2-34forj.k .kkyh pkoy & 2-89

la'kksfkr lkoZtfud 1992 fiNM+sCykWd 20 fd- xsgw & 2-80forj.k .kkyh [kk|kUu pkoy & 3-77

yf{kr lkoZtfud 1997 fukZu vkSj xSj&fukZu 35 fd- ch ih ,y xsgw & 2-50fooj.k .kkyh [kk|kUu pkoy & 3-50

, ih ,y xsgw & 4-50pkoy & 7-00

vaR;ksn; vUu 2000 fukZuksa esalcls fukZu 35 fd- xsgw & 2-00;kstuk [kk|kUu pkoy & 3-00

vUuiw.kkZ ;kstuk 2000 nhu ofj"B ukxfjd 10 fd- [kk|kUu fu%'kqYd

dh xbZA bldk y{; nwj&njkk vkSj fiNM+s{ks=kksaesalkoZtfud

forj.k iz.kkyh lsykHk igqpkuk FkkA twu 1997 ls lHkh {ks=kksa

esa xjhcksa* dksyf{kr djusosQ flkar dksviukus osQ fy,yf{kr lkoZtfud forj.k iz.kkyh (Vh-ih-Mh-,l-) kjaHk oQh

xbZA ;g igyk ekSdk Fkk tc fukZuksavkSj xSj&fukZuksaosQ fy,

foHksnd dher uhfr viukbZxbZA blosQ vykok] 2000 esanks

fo'ks"k ;kstuk,vaR;ksn; vUu ;kstukvkSj vUuiw.kkZ;kstuk

kjaHk dh xbA ;s;kstuk,e'k% ^xjhcksaesa Hkh lokZfkd

xjhc* vkSj ^nhu ofj"B ukxfjd* lewgksaij yf{kr gSaA bu

nksuksa;kstukvksa dk lapkyu lkoZtfud forj.k iz.kkyh osQ

orZeku usVooZQ ls tksM+ fn;k x;k gSA lkoZtfud forj.k

iz.kkyh dh oqQN egoiw.kZ fo'ks"krkvksadk lkjka'k lkj.kh 4-3

esa fn;k x;k gSA

bu o"kksosQ nkSjku lkoZtfud forj.k iz.kkyh ewY;ksadks

fLFkj cukusvkSj lkeF;Zvuqlkj dherksaij miHkksDrkvksadks

[kk|kUu miyCk djkusdh ljdkj dh uhfr esalokZfkd

izHkkoh lkku fl gqbZgSA blusns'k osQ vukt dh vfk'ks"k {ks=kksa


9/12


lsdeh okys{ks=kksaeas[kk| iwfrZosQ ek;e lsvdky vkSj

Hkq[kejh dh O;kidrk dksjksdusesa,d egoiw.kZHkwfedk

fuHkkbZgSA blosQ vfrfjDr] vkerkSj ij fukZu ifjokjksaosQ i{k esadherksadk la'kksku gksrk jgk gSA U;wure lefFkZr dher vkSj

vfkkfIr us[kk|kUuksaosQ mRiknu dh o`f esa;ksxnku fn;k gS

rFkk oqQN {ks=kksaesafdlkuksadksvk; lqj{kk iznku dh gSA

rFkkfi lkoZtfud forj.k iz.kkyh dksvusd vkkkjksaij

dM+h vkykspuk dk lkeuk djuk iM+k gSA vuktksa lsBlkBl

HkjsvUu HkaMkjksaosQ ckotwn Hkq[kejh dh ?kVuk, gks jgh gSaA

,iQ-lh-vkbZ- osQ HkaMkj vukt ls HkjsgSaA dgha vukt lM+ jgk

gSarks oqQN LFkkuksaij pwgs vukt [kk jgsgSaA uhps fn;k x;k

vkjs[k 4-2 o"kZ2002 rd [kk|kUu osQ c


10/12

50 vFkZ'kkL=k

tqykbZ2002 esa ,iQ-lh-vkbZ- osQ ikl xsgwvkSj pkoy dk

HkaMkj 6-3 djksM+ Vu Fkk tks2-43 djksM+Vu osQ U;wure cI+kQj

izfreku lscgqr vfkd FkkA ljdkj }kjk 'kq: fd, x,fofHkUu jkgr dk;ks osQ dkj.k] 2002&03 esaHkaMkj de gks

x;k D;ksafd bl o"kZdks o"kkZu gksus osQ dkj.k lw[ks dk o"kZ

?kksf"kr dj fn;k x;kA ckn osQ o"kksesaHkaMkj esadeh vkbZA fiQj

Hkh ;g cI+kQj LVkWd frekuksa lsyxkrkj pk cuk jgkA

ljdkj }kjk 'kq: dh xbZ fofHkUu ;kstukvksa osQ vkhu

[kk|kUuksa osQ forj.k osQ }kjk fLFkfr esa lqkkj gqvkA vukt

forj.k lsgkykr lqkjsA bl ckr ij vke lgefr gSfd cI+kQj

LVkWd dk mPp Lrj csgn vokaNuh; gSvkSj ;g cckZnh Hkh

gSA fo'kky [kk| LVkWd dk HkaMkj.k cckZnh vkSj vukt dh

xq.kokk esa kl osQ vfrfjDr mPp j[k&j[kko ykxr osQ fy,

Hkh fkEesnkj gSA U;wure leFkr dher dks oqQN o"kZ osQ fy,

fLFkj j[kusij xaHkhjrk ls fopkj djuk pkfg,A

okr U;wure leFkr dher ij vukt dh vfkd

[kjhnkjh eq[k vukt mRiknd jkT;ksatSlsiatkc] gfj;k.kk vkSj

vkakz izns'k dh vksj lsMkysx, nckoksadk urhtk gSA blosQ

vykok] pwfd [kjhnkjh oqQN le {ks=kksa (iatkc] gfj;k.kk]

if'peh mkj izns'k] vkakzizns'k vkSj oqQN lhek rd if'pecaxky) esaeq[;r% nksiQlyksa&xsgwvkSj pkoy rd lhfer gS]

U;wure leFkr dher esao`f usfo'ks"kr;k [kk|kUuksaosQ vfk'ks"k

okysjkT;ksa osQ fdlkuksa dksviuh Hkwfe ij eksVsvuktksa dh

[ksrh lekIr dj kku vkSj xsgw mitkusosQ fy, izsfjr fd;k

gS] tcfd eksVsvukt xjhcksa dk izeq[k Hkkstu gSA kku dh

[ksrh osQ fy, l?ku lpkbZlsi;kZoj.k vkSj ty Lrj esa

fxjkoV Hkh vkbZgS] ftllsbu jkT;ksaesaf"kxr fodkl dks

cuk, j[kusesa [krjk iSnk gksx;k gSAU;wure lefFkZr dherksaosQ c


11/12


vkt vki tks rhu dkj osQ dkMZvkSj dherksadh k`a[kykns[krs gSa] igys ;g ughaFkhA cM+h la[;k esaifjokj jk'ku dhnqdkuksals vukt [kjhn ldrsFksA gk] mudk dksVk fuf'prFkkA buesafuEu vk; oxZosQ ifjokj 'kkfey Fks] ftudh vk;fukZurk js[k k ls uhps osQ ifjokj dh vk; ls FkksM+h ghvfkd FkhA vc rhu fHkUu dherksa okysVh-ih-Mh-,l- dhO;oLFkk esa fukZurk js[kk lsij okysfdlh Hkh ifjokj dksjk'ku nqdku ij cgqr de NwV feyrh gSA ,-ih-,y- ifjokjksaosQ fy, dhersayxHkx mruh gh ph gSa ftruh [kqysckkkjesa] blfy, jk'ku dh nqdku lsbu phkksadh [kjhnkjh osQfy, mudks cgqr de izksRlkgu izkIr gSA

lgdkjh lfefr;ksadh [kk| lqj{kk esa Hkwfedk

Hkkjr esa fo'ks"kdj ns'k osQ nf{k.kh vkSj if'peh Hkkxkssaesalgdkjh lfefr;kHkh [kk| lqj{kk esa,d egoiw.kZ HkwfedkfuHkk jgh gSaA lgdkjh lfefr;k fukZu yksxksadks [kk|kUu dhfch osQ fy, de dher okyh nqdkuas[kksyrh gaSA mnkgj.kkFkZ]rfeyukMqesa ftruh jk'ku dh nqdkusa gS] muesa ls djhc 94fr'kr lgdkjh lfefr;ksaosQ ek;e ls pykbZtk jgh gaSA

fnYyh esa enj Ms;jh miHkksDrkvksa dks fnYyh ljdkj }kjkfukkZfjr fu;af=kr njk sa ij nwk vkSj lfCk;k miyCk djkusesa rskh ls xfr dj jgh gSA xqtjkr esa nwk rFkk nqXk mRiknksaesa vewy ,d vkSj liQy lgdkjh lfefr dk mnkgj.k gSAblus ns'k esa 'osr kafr yk nh gSaA ns'k osQ fofHkUu Hkkxksa esadk;Zjr lgdkjh lfefr;ksa osQ vkSj vusd mnkgj.k gSa]ftUgksaus lekt osQ fofHkUu oxks osQ fy, [kk| lqj{kklqfuf'pr djkbZgSA

blh rjg] egkjk"V esa ,osQMeh vkiQ MsoyiesaV lkbal(,-Mh-,l-) us fofHkUu {ks=kksa esa vukt cSadksa dh LFkkiuk osQfy, xSj&ljdkjh laxBuksa osQ usVooZQ esa lgk;rk dh gSA,-Mh-,l- xSj&ljdkjh laxBuksa osQ fy, [kk| lqj{kk osQ

fo"k; esa izf'k{k.k vkSj {kerk fuekZ.k dk;Ze lapkfyrdjrh gSA vukt cSad vc khjs&khjs egkjk"V osQ fofHkUuHkkxksa esa [kqyrs tk jgs gSaA vukt cSadksa dh LFkkiuk]xSj&ljdkjh laxBuksa osQ ek;e ls mUg sa iSQykus vkSj [kk|lqj{kk ij ljdkj dh uhfr dks izHkkfor djus esa ,-Mh-,l-dh dksf'k'k jax yk jgh gSA ,-Mh-,l- vukt cSad dk;Zedks ,d liQy vkSj u, dkj osQ [kk| lqj{kk dk;Ze osQ:i esa Lohfr feyh gSA

lkjka'k

fdlh ns'k dh [kk| lqj{kk rc lqfuf'pr gksrh gS] tc mlosQ lHkh ukxfjdksadksiks"kd Hkkstu miyCk gksrk gSA lHkh

O;fDr;ksa osQ ikl Lohdk;Zxq.kokk osQ [kk| [kjhnus dh lkeF;Zgksrh gS vkSj Hkkstu rd igqpusesa dksbZ vojksk

ughagksrkA fukZurk js[kk lsuhps jg jgs yksx [kk| dh nf"V ls lnSo gh vlqjf{kr jg ldrs gaS] tcfd laiUu yksx

Hkh vkinkvksaosQ le; [kk| dh nf"V ls vlqjf{kr gksldrsgaSA ;|fi Hkkjr esa yksxksa dk ,d cM+k oxZ[kk| vkSj

iks"kd rRoksadh vlqj{kk ls xzLr gS] lclsvfkd Hkkfor lewg xzkeh.k {ks=kksaesaHkwfeghu vkSj xjhc ifjokj] cgqr

de osru okys dk;ks esayxsyksx vkSj 'kgjh {ks=kkas esaekSleh dk;ksesayxs vfu;r Jfed gSaA ns'k osQ oqQN {ks=kksa

esa[kk| dh n`f"V lsvlqjf{kr yksxksa dh cM+h la[;k rqyukRed :i lscgqr vfkd gStSls] vkFkd :i lsfiNM+sjkT;ksa esatgk cgqr vfkd xjhch gS] tutkfr;ksaokys o nwjLFk {ks=kksaesa vkSj ,sls{ks=kksa esatgkkfrd vkink,

vkrh jgrh gSaA lekt osQ lHkh oxksosQ fy, [kk| dh miyCkrk lqfuf'pr djusosQ fy, Hkkjr ljdkj uslkokkuhiwoZd

[kk| lqj{kk .kkyh rS;kj dh gS] ftlosQ nks?kVd gSa% (d) cI+kQj LVkWd vkSj ([k) lkoZtfud forj.k .kkyhA

lkoZtfud forj.k .kkyh osQ vfrfjDr dbZ fukZurk mUewyu dk;Ze Hkh 'kq: fd, x,] ftuesa [kk| lqj{kk dk

?kVd Hkh 'kkfey FkkA buesa ls oqQN dk;Ze gSa% ,dhr cky fodkl lsok,] dke osQ cnys vukt] nksigj dk

Hkkstu] vaR;ksn; vUu ;kstuk vkfnA [kk| lqj{kk miyCk djkus esa ljdkj dh Hkwfedk osQ vfrfjDr vusd lgdkjh

lfefr;k vkSj xSj&ljdkjh laxBu Hkh gaS] tks bl fn'kk esa rskh lsdke dj jgsgSSaA


12/12

52 vFkZ'kkL=k

vH;kl

1- Hkkjr esa [kk| lqj{kk oSQls lqfuf'pr dh tkrh gS\

2- dkSu yksx [kk| vlqj{kk lsvfkd xzLr gks ldrsgSa\3- Hkkjr esa dkSu lsjkT; [kk| vlqj{kk ls vfkd xzLr gSa\4- D;k vki ekursgSa fd gfjr kafr usHkkjr dks[kk|kUu esavkRefuHkZj cuk fn;k gS\ oSQls\5- Hkkjr esa yksxksa dk ,d oxZvc Hkh [kk| ls oafpr gS\ O;k[;k dhft,A6- tc dksbZ vkink vkrh gSrks[kk| iwfrZ ij D;k Hkko gksrk gS\7- ekSleh Hkq[kejh vkSj nh?kZdkfyd Hkq[kejh esaHksn dhft,\8- xjhcksadks[kk| lqj{kk nsus osQ fy, ljdkj us D;k fd;k\ ljdkj dh vksj ls'kq: dh xbZfdUghanks

;kstukvksadh ppkZdhft,A9- ljdkj cI+kQj LVkWd D;ksa cukrh gS\10- fVIi.kh fy[ksa %

(d) U;wure leFkr dher([k) cI+kQj LVkWd(x) fuxZe dher(?k) mfpr nj dh nqdku

11- jk'ku dh nqdkuksa osQ lapkyu esa D;k leL;k, gSa\12- [kk| vkSj lacafkr oLrqvksa dks miyCk djkusesalgdkjh lfefr;ksadh Hkwfedk ij ,d fVIi.kh fy[ksaA

lanHkZ

nso] ,l- egsa] dkuu] osQ-ih- vkSj jkepau] uhjk (la-)] 2003] ^VqvkMZl , iQw M flD;ksj bafM;k% b';wk ,aMikWfylhk] baLVhP;wV iQkWj g~;weu MsoyisesaV] u;h fnYyhA

,iQ-,-vks- 1996] oYMZiwQM lfEeV1995] iwQM ,.M ,xzhdYpjy vkWxZukbts'ku] jkseA

vkFkd losZ{k.k 2002&03] 2003&04] 2004&05] fok ea=kky;] Hkkjr ljdkj] u;h fnYyhA

vkbZ-vkbZ-ih-,l- 2000] us'kuy gsYFk ,aM iSQeyh losZ&2]baVjus'kyu baLVhP;wV vkWiQ ikWiqys'ku lkbalsk] eqacbZA

lkxj] fo|k] 2004] I+kwQM flD;qfjVh bu bafM;k]isij tsaVsM bu ,-Mh-vkj-,iQ-&vkbZ-,iQ-vkj-vkbZ- I+kQkbuyehVx vkWu I+kwQM flD;qfjVh bu bafM;k] flracj 10&11] u;h fnYyhA

lDlsuk] ,u-lh-] 2004] lsusjtkbfkax xoZesaV ,iQVZ iQkWj I+kwQM flD;qfjVh]LokehukFku] ,e-,l- vkSj esMjkuks]iSMks] (la-) esa] VqokMZl gaxj izQh bafM;k] bZLV&osLV cqDl] psUubZA

lDlsuk] ,u-lh-] 2004] fjvkWxZukbkx ikWfylhk ,aM Msysojh iQkWj ,yhfo;sVx gaxj ,aM ekyU;wfV'ku]us'kuy iwQM flD;qfjVh lfEeV] u;h fnYyh esa izLrqr ipkZA

lsu] ,-osQ-] 1983] ikWoVhZ ,aM iSQel % ,u ,slsvkWu buVkbZVyeasV ,aM Msfos'ku] vkWDliQksMZ;wfuoflZVh slA

'kekZ] js[kk vkSj ehuk{kh] ts-oh-] 2004] ekbksU;wfV;saV fMfiQfl,Ulhk bu :jy MkbV~l]VqokMZl gaxj izQhbafM;k% izQkWe fotu Vw,D'ku] kslhMXl vkWiQ oaQlyVs'ku vkWu ^VqokMZl gaxj izQh bafM;k % dkmaV MkmuizQkWe 2007* u;h fnYyhA

;w-,u- 1975] fjiksVZvkWiQ n oYMZiwQM dkWUizsaQl 1975 (jkse)] ;wukbVsM us'kal] U;w;koZQA

arth vyavastha (4) - भारत में खाद्य सुरक्षा

Documents