asemen pen gurus an tingkah laku
TRANSCRIPT
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5.6 VANOANECEN
Vpkzaz vanoemepen den vah`acemepen eno `apmee deceh iacez zenoet
`apoentqno iavede iewecen eno `egi kcab oqpq. Deceh bec gng tgnoieb ceiq
hqpgd vapcq dgiewec kcab oqpq zqvee vanoemepen devet dgceizeneien danoencenjep. @eog hqpgd(hqpgd `apiavapcqen ibez# tgnoieb ceiq hapaie edeceb iatepe.
Kcab gtq oqpq vapcq hebgp tanteno vanoqpqzen tgnoieb ceiq zqvee hezeceb eno
dgbedevg kcab hqpgd devet dgiqpenoien.
Hanoqpqz tgnoieb ceiq hahapcqien iahebgpen oqpq eno ibqzqz deceh
`gdeno tapza`qt. Ge `apcendezien iavede vpgnzgv(vpgnzgv taptantq eno vapcq
dgbeetg den dgvaoeno kcab oqpq. Entepe vapiepe eno vapcq dg`apg vapbetgen geceb
vpgnzgv vananoqben# mangz vahapbetgen# den vpgnzgv vanoqpqzen tgnoieb ceiq.
Tgnoieb ceiq `aphezeceb eno dgtqnmqiien kcab hqpgd vapcq dgtenoeng zaoape
kcab oqpq danoen hapenjeno vpkopeh gntap|anzg eno zazqeg. Vpkzaz vapq`eben
tgnoieb ceiq vapcq dgceiqien hanogiqt cenoieb(cenoieb eno taceb dgtatevien
zavaptg hahgcgb tgnoieb ceiq zezepen# hanoqhvqc den hapaikd dete den
haceizeneien gnta|anzg zapte hanmecenien vangcegen tapbedev hkdglgiezg
tapza`qt.
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0.6 TGNOIEB CEIQ @APHEZECEB IENEI(IENEI @APIAVAPCQEN IBEZ
Pemeb 5= Vate opelgi hanqnmqiien dqe mangz tgnoieb ceiq `aphezeceb
Pemeb 0= Jkntkb tgnoieb ceiq `aphzeceb vkzgtgl
TGNOIEB CEIQ@APHEZECEB
VKZGTGL NAOETGL
GNOGN TEBQ
JAVET @ACEMEP
VPKEITGL
TGNOIEBCEIQ@APHEZECEBVKZGTGL
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Pemeb : = Jkntkb tgnoieb ceiq `aphezeceb naoetgl
TGNOIEBCEIQ@APHEZECEBNAOETGL
BGVAPEITGL
Bgvapeitgl edeceb tgnoieb ceiq eno
hanqnmqiien tgnoieb ceiq iqpeno
tqhvqen gegtq tgdei zacepg danoen
tebev vapiah`enoen hapaie.
Ienei(ienei bgvapeitgl mqoe hqdeb
cqve danoen eitg|gtg bepgen hapaie
den ceceg deceh hah`qet tqoezen.
ZAVEPETGKN ENRGATW
Ia`gh`enoen danoen
vapiepe eno eien
`apceiq
EOPAZGLEntepe jgpg(jgpg tgnoieb ceiq gng
geceb javet negi hepeb# tgdei
zqie hanqnooq ogcgpen den tgdei
devet hanapghe taoqpen eteq
ikhan kpeno cegn
_GTBDPE_ECTgnoieb ceiq gng geceb zqie
hanoezgnoien dgpg depgvede
kpeno eno iqpenodgzanenogne.
K\APDAVANDANJW
Tgnoieb ceiq gng geceb
ia`apoentqnoen iavede
kpeno cegn
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Pemeb 4 = Leitkp(leitkp eno hahvanoepqbg tgnoiebceiq hqpgd
Pemeb 1 = Iazen tgnoiebceiq vacemep iavede vah`acemepen
LEITKP(LEITKPWENO
HAHVANOEPQBGTGNOIEB CEIQ
HQPGD
DGPG HQPGD ZANDGPG
Tapdevet ienei(ienei eno
hanogiqt iabandei
dgpg hapaie tenve za`epeno
vanoepqb depg cqep.
@GKCKOGHezeceb depgvede ktei den
mqoe oanatgi eno ̀ apiegten
danoen iatqpqnen
IACQEPOEVapzaigtepen iacqepoe
`ebeoge eteq tgdei
hahvanoepqbg tgnoieb
ceiq hqpgd.
OQPQ DEN ZAIKCEBVanoqpqzen zaikceb
eno tgdei ikndqzgl den
iqpenone iavpgbetgnen
depgvede oqpq
VAPZAIGTEPENVanoepqb depgvede peien
za`ee# hezepeiet den
mqoe hadge.
VANOEMEPEN DENVAH@ACEMEPEN "v,v'
Vpkzaz v,v oqpq eno
hah`kzenien
Hqpgd tgdei hah`apg tqhvqen tapbedev vanoemepen oqpq
Henooenooq vapmecenen vanoemepen denvah`acemepen
Zqiep hahebehg vanoemepen oqpq
IAZEN
TGNOIEB CEIQTAPBEDEVVAH@ACEMEPEN
Oeoec hangevien tqoezen enodg`apg
Anooen `apiapmezehe danoen peiendeceh eitg|gtg ̀ apiqh qcen
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0.5 Pqhqzen
Hanqpqt Iehqz Dawen adgzg eno iatgoe# tgnoieb ceiq devet dggtavpatezgien
za`eoeg zgiev# vap`qeten eteq peoeh zazakpeno heneiece naoetgl vqce
hah`ewe heizqd gnoiep. Mqztapq devet dgzghvqceien `ebewe tgnoieb ceiq`aphezeceb geceb zgiev# vap`qeten eteq peoeh eno jandapqno qntqi
hanognoiepg eteq hananteno zazqetq vapiepe. Tgnoieb ceiq `aphezeceb gng
tap`ebeog iavede dqe gegtq tgnoieb ceiq vkzgtgl den mqoe naoetgl. Tgnoieb ceiq
eno hanqnmqiien tebev iatapcecqen zavaptg zqie `apjeiev deceh iacez#
hahqiqc iewen den za`eoegne eno hanooenooq vpkzaz vah`acemepen den
vanoemepen `apcenozqno.
Tgnoieb ceiq dgvanoepqbg kcab leitkp(leitkp cqepen den decehen gndg|gdq gtq
zandgpg# zatgev gndg|gdq eien dgvanoepqbg den hahvanoepqbg kpeno cegn# endeg
`egi `eie# heie `egi mqoe iatqpqnenene nehqn `aogtq mgie tapzeceb vgcgb iewen
den tgdei vendeg hanoewec vapezeen heie tgnoieb ceiq eno naoetgl eien
tgh`qc den hah`qetien gicgh dg zaikceb tgdei ehen den taneno. Kcab gtq#
iapmezehe depgvede zahqe vgbei edeceb zenoet vantgno `eog haheztgien
vanoqpqzen tgnoiebceiq vacemep ibqzqzne ienei(ienei ibez devet dgmecenien
danoen `egi den zgztahetgi.
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:.6 ZTPETAOG HANENOENG HEZECEB TGNOIEB CEIQ
Vac`eoeg ztpetaog eno `kcab dgoqneien deceh hanenoeng hezeceb
tgnoieb ceiq entepene geceb hanooqneien ztpetaog hangnoietien tgnoieb ceiq#
hanoqpenoien tgnoieb ceiq den mqoe danoen hanooqneien hkdac vanoqpqzentgnoieb ceiq. Deceh ztpetaog gng tapdevet vac`eoeg jepe qntqi hanoqpqz tgnoieb
ceiq ienei(ienei `apiavapcqen ibez.
Tapdevet `a`apeve taingi deceh hangnoietien tgnoieb ceiq# entepene
geceb hah`apg vananoqben. Tapdevet dqe mangz vananoqben gegtq vananoqben
naoetg|a den vkzgtgl# vananoqben vkzgtgl gegtq vah`apgen vanaoqben+oenmepen
zacavez zazqetq tgnoieb ceiq eno dggnogng dg tqnmqiien zqvee tgnoieb ceiq gtq
dgiaiecien eteq dg tgnoietien ceog. Heneiece# vanaoqben naoetgl hapqveien
vanepgien penozenoen naoetgl "e|apzg|a ztghqcqz' zataceb tgnoieb ceiq zezepen
dgtqnmqiien den eien hanoaiecien eteq hangnoietien ceog tgnoieb ceiq
tapza`qt. Zacegn gtq# vah`antqien "zbevgno' geceb vah`apgen vanoqiqben
iavede vaceiqen(vaceiqen eno dgceiqien kcab hqpgd eno hanmqpqz iavede
vah`antqien vapceiqen eno dgiabandeig. Dgzehvgno gtq# oqpq mqoe `kcab
hanooqneien taingi ikntpei# ikntpei hapqveien vapzatqmqen dg entepe dqe
vgbei eteq ca`gb "oqpq den hqpgd' zajepe cgzen eteq `aptqcgz. Hqpgd dg
vaptenooqnomewe`ien tapbedev vapiepe eteq eitg|gtg eno dgvgcgb. Ikntpei eien
`apmee mgie hqpgd lebeh eien tgnoieb ceiq eno bandei dg q`eb den hqpgd
lebeh eien iazen eno eien `apceiq. Taingi zavaptg hanooqneien tkian
iavede vacemep zavaptg tkian aiknkhg mqoe `kcab dgoqneien# taingi gng
hapqveien zetq zgztah vanoqiqben zajepe zgh`kcgi. Hqpgd dg`apg tkian eve`gce
hanqnmqiien tgnoiebceiq eno dggnogng. Taingi gng dgvenoogc za`eoeg zgztah
aiknkhg iapene `apezezien zgztah iawenoen# gegtq tkian eno dgtapghe
hahvqneg ngceg aiknkhg den `kcab dgtqiep danoen `ande eteq eitg|gtg eno
dgianecveztg za`eoeg vanoqiqben iavede hqpgd. Zacegn gtq# taingi hkdacgno mqoe
zacecqne dgoqneien kcab oqpq qntqi hangnoietien tgnoieb ceiq# taingi hkdacgno
geceb oqpq hanooqneien wetei(wetei "hqpgd#oqpq' eno dgzqieg den dgbkphetg
qntqi dgtacedeng kcab hqpgd. Heneiece taingi pentegen "jbegngno' hapqmqi iavede
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zgpg tgnoieb ceiq eno dgtqnmqiien deceh `antqi pentegen eteq `apqpqten.
Vah`antqien pentegen tgnoieb ceiq eteq pentegen iahebgpen cegn# dgianecg mqoe
za`eoeg enecgzgz tqoezen den eno tapeibgp geceb vanoe`qpen eteq vacqntqpen
"ledgno' gegtq hanoqpenoien tgnoieb ceiq eteq oenmepen eno dgtapghe zajepe
vapceben(ceben. Vah`gneen zetq tgnoieb ceiq dgneheien ‛tezi enecwzgz‛ " enecgze
tqoezen'. Ede dqe mangz vapentegen deceh vanoqpqzen tgnoiebceiq gegtq lkpwepd
jbegngno den `ejiwepd jbegngno. Lkpwepd jbegngno geceb vanoemepen dghqceien
depg tgnoieb ceiq vaptehe deceh pentegen tgnoieb ceiq `apianeen. Heneiece#
`eog `ejiwepd jbegngno# vanoemepen dghqceien danoen hanoemep tgnoieb ceiq
eno tapeibgp deceh pentegen tgnoieb ceiq `apianeen.
Tapdevet ztpetaog qntqi hanoqpenoien hezeceb tgnoieb ceiq vacemep.
Ztpetaog gng dgoqneien danoen jepe vanobevqzen "artgnjtgkn' gegtq
hah`apbantgien eteq hanaiet hqpgd(hqpgd depgvede tapqz haceiqien tgnoieb
ceiq naoetgl zajepe `apenzqp(enzqp danoen hanooentgien danoen tgnoieb ceiq
`epq eno vkzgtgl. Taingi „tgha(kqt‛ vqce geceb danoen hanahvetien hqpgd
`apezgnoen depgvede iqhvqcen "vanmqpq `gcgi# `gcgi ibez' eteq hanoacqepien
hqpgd depgvede eitg|gtg iqhvqcen. Zacegn gtq# taingi iamahqen "zetgetgkn' vqce
hah`gepien hqpgd haceiqien tgnoieb ceiq gtq bgnooe dge mahq haceiqiene den`apbantg zandgpg. Bqiqhen eteq dandeen danoen jkntkb tebenen iacez den
ceh`et `ecgi depgvede heze vqceno za`anep# dandeen lg}giec# je`qt tkian den
za`eoegne. K|apjkppajtgkn vqce hapqveien vpkzadqp eno hahapcqien vacemep
hah`egig iaedeen den iazeceben eno dgceiqien haca`gbg iaedeen za`acqhe
jkntkbne hah`qet vah`atqcen iazeceben tqcgzen `apqceno iecg eteq `qien
bene hanoacev `ebeogen centeg eno dgtqhvebg heienen tatevg dghgnte
hanoacev iazacqpqben centeg `gcgi gtq den weno tapeibgp geceb „pazvknza jkzt‛ gegtq
zqetq `antqi vanepgien oenmepen zajepe zgztahetgi tapbedev zazqetq tgnoieb
ceiq eno tgdei zazqeg. Zacegn gtq# dgzanzgtgzezg geceb tgndeien(tgndeien zajepe
`apenzqp(enzqp qntqi hanobgcenoien peze oqoqv eteq teiqt eno `apca`gben
zavaptg teiqt `apjeiev dg daven iacez den lk`ge.
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Zacegn gtq# tapdevet `a`apeve hkdac eno `kcab dgoqneien `eog hanoetezg
hezeceb tgnoieb ceiq gng# tapdevet tgoe hkdac eno `kcab dgoqneien gegtq hkdac
vzgikdgnehgi# hkdac `gklg}giec den hkdac vapzaigtepen. Ztpetaog vanoqpqzen
tgnoieb ceiq hanogiqt hkdac vzgikdgnehgi hacg`etien taingi ieqzacgno zavaptg
tahq `qec den tapevg paecgt# taingi hadge aizvpazgl zavaptg ceiknen `a`ez#
vqvvat# hegn vapenen# vapoapeien ipaetgl# tepgen den eitg|gtg lg}giec. Heneiece
taingi vanoepqb tgnoieb ceiq edeceb zavaptg tgdei hanoandebien zazqetq
tgnoieb ceiq eno dg`qet zajepe tapenjeno "vcennad gonkpad'# hanoqpenoien
iataoenoen hacecqg oqpeqen den za`eoegne. Heneiece `eog hkdac `gklg}giec#
hkdac gng hacg`etien ztpetaog vanmeoeen za`acqh den zacavez cebgp# vaheienen#
vapq`eten# nqtpgzg den za`eoegne. Ztpetaog gng hanaienen vapenen oqpq deceh
gntap|anzg `gklg}giec tapza`qt. @eog hkdac vapzaiggtepen vqce# hkdac gng ca`gb
`apvqzetien iavede ienei(ienei# `apvqzetien vapzaigtepen# `apvqzetien
ienei(ienei den vapzaigtepen den –gntapleja(jantapad‘.
Tapdevet mqoe hkdac(hkdac depgvede tkikb eno tapiahqie entepene
Hkdac Ocezzap# hkdac gng `apdezepien vanadgeen `enei vgcgben eno `egi
qntqi hqpgd den hanoqpqzien oenooqen eno `apceiq zajepe taneno den ckogi.Ocezzap vapjee vgcgben eno `egi hanobezgcien tgnoieb ceiq eno `egi den
vgcgben eno tgdei `egi hana`e`ien tgnoieb ceiq tgdei `egi. Tgnoieb ceiq
gndg|gdq hanooeh`epien iagnognenne hahanqbg iavapcqenne. Mgie Zaikceb
hahvqneg dgzgvcgn eno `egi ge eien hanmedg tahvet dg hene iqpeno tapdevet
hqpgd eteq oqpq eno iajawe deceh nananqbg iavapcqen hezgno(hezgno. Entepe
iavapcqen eno dgianec veztg geceb iavapcqen dghgcgig# iavapcqen ia`a`ezen den
iavapcqen qntqi `apmaneie eteq oah`gpe. Zaikceb eno hqpgdne tgdei
hahvqneg vapezeen hahgcgig "zanza kl `acknogno' eteq tgede vacqeno hah`qet
vgcgben hapqveien zaikceb eno zapgno hanoecehg hezeceb dgzgvcgn. Ocezzap
hanjedenoien oqpq hanztpqitqp vanoecehen vah`acemepen hqpgd zqvee
hapaie hahvqneg hktg|ezg eno tgnoog `aiapme deceh iqhvqcen den hqpgd
eno vendeg hah`entq hqpgd eno caheb. Gng hah`apg vacqeno iavede hqpgd
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eno vendeg hahanqbg iavapcqen hahghvgn+iqeze den eno caheb qntqi
hanqh`eno iavede iqhvqcenne. Heneiece deceh hkdac ocezzap# hazqepet
iacez entepe hqpgd eien hah`gnjenoien vapetqpen den tgnoieb ceiq deceh `gcgi
depmeb. _eceq `eoeghenevqn# hkdac Ocezzap zapgno dgoqneien qntqi hqpgd
hananoeb# tatevg hkdac gng `aplkiqz iavede vanacazegen hezeceb# vgcgben eno
dgzadgeien oqpq den jepe oqpq hah`entq hqpgd `aphezeceb danoen jepe eno
`apzazqegen.
Zatapqzne edeceb Hkdac Ognktt# hkdac gng `apdezepien vanoackceen gicgh
`gcgi depmeb eno ikndqzgl qntqi dgzgvcgn eno `egi hacecqg ikhqngiezg `apiazen
entepe oqpq den hqpgd. @acgeq vapjee# dgzgvcgn edeceb vpkzaz `aptapqzen eno
vapcq dgjeveg zavenmeno heze. Vpgnzgv hkdac gng geceb za`eoeg gztgceb ikhqngiezg
iknopqan "zatghvec' qntqi hanapenoien tgndei `ecez eno bephkng danoen
vapezeen hqpgd tanteno zazqetq zgtqezg eteq dgpg hapaie. Ognktt hanooeceiien
iapmezehe `qien haheizene. Oqpq eno hanooqneien jedenoen Ognktt tgdei
hace`ac hqpgd den `apikhqngiezg `apdezepien iapaceen hapaie qntqi
hah`entq hqpgd hanacazegien hezeceb. Cevkpen Jbepcaz den @epp "5727'#
oqpq eno oqneien vendenoen Ognktt hapeze vapcq vanoqpqzen eno `apztpqitqp
deceh zgtqezg vanoemepen. Ognktt hanaoezien tanteno ia`kcaben ikhqngiezg`apiazen danoen hqpgd ehet vapcq iavede oqpq vpezaikceb. @acgeq mqoe
hanaoezien vapcqne oqpq hangnoietien iaeignen hqpgd den tgnoieb ceiq
oqpq za`eoeg jkntkb den hkdac. Heneiece Hkdac Dpgaiqpz vqce# Dpagiqpz
handglgngzgien dgzgvcgn za`eoeg hanoemep hqpgd vapetqpen eno hah`etezien
hapaie. @acgeq vapjee zahqe hqpgd gnogn peze dghgcgig # den tgnoieb ceiq
hapaie hanooeh`epien qzebe qntqi dghgcgig# Hezeceb zeceb ceiq `apvqnje
depgvede hetcehet eno tgdei macez eteq zgcev#zavaptg qntqi handevet vapbetgen
eteq iqeze# dandeh den handadebien iacaheben kpeno cegn. Dpagiqpz
hanjedenoien ieadeb handgzgvcgn eno `egi geceb hanooeceiien tgnoieb ceiq
vkzgtgl. Qntqi hanoetezg hezeceb tgnoieb ceiq# Dpagiqpz hanjedenoien oqpq
hanmacezien iavede hqpgd zajepe ckogi tgndeien hapaie eh`gc tapbedev
hapaie. Vanmacezen zajepe ckogi tabedev dandeen edeceb `ap`a}e danoen
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bqiqhen. Bqiqhen "vqngzbhant' geceb eizg eno dgeh`gc kcab oqpq iavede
hezeceb tgnoieb ceiq den qntqi hanqnmqiien zgeve `apiqeze. Bqiqhen
hana`e`ien gnogn hacewen . Vanmacezen gng hanoemep hpgd hahebehg `ebewe
zatgev tgnoieb ceiq ede ghvcgiezgne. Tgnoieb ceiq eno `egi handevet oenmepen
eno `egi den hanooah`gpeien#`aogtqceb za`ecgine. Jbepcaz den @epp "5727'
`apvandevet ieadeb Dpagiqpz hah`apg vacqeno iavede hqpgd hah`gne tgnoieb
ceiq zajepe ezcg iapene hqpgd hanoehecien tgnoieb ceiq eno `egi iapene hqpgd
`apenooeven hapaie wemep `ap`qet dahgigen.
Vac`eoeg ztpetaog den hkdac eno `kcab dgoqneien kcab oqpq `eog
hahkdglgiezg tgnoiebceiq vacemep iaepeb eno ca`gb `egi `apzazqegen danoen
tgnoiebceiq zezepen tapza`qt.
:.5 Pqhqzen
Iazghvqcenne# ztpetaog eno dgpenjeno haztgceb `apzazqegen danoen hezeceb
tgnoiebceiq eno dgecehg kcab vacemep. Endeg vacemep gtq hezgb taoep danoen
tgnoiebceiq naoetgl# heie ztpetaog eno `ap`antqi bqiqhen `kcab dgoqneientatevg hanogiqt bed eno taceb dgtatevien `eog hanoaceiien vapiepe eno
zavetqtne `apceiq. Vapenjenoen ztpetaog haztgceb dgceiqien danoen tapetqp `eog
haheztgien iazazqegen tgnoiebceiq `aphezeceb gtq zazqeg danoen ztpetaog eno
dgoqneien.
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4.6 VAPENJENOEN HACEIZENEIEN HKDGLGIEZG TGNOIEB CEIQ
Za`acqh hah`qet hkdglgiezg tapbedev vacemep eno hahvqneg hezeceb
tgnoieb ceiq# `a`apeve vpkzadqp vapcq dgpenjeno eoep vpkzaz vapceizeneen
hkdglgiezg gtq devet hah`apg iazen tapbedev vacemep `apianeen. Zacegn gtq#
hahqdebien igte za`eoeg oqpq qntqi hah`qet vangcegen hanoaneg ieadeb
eno dgoqneien. Entepe cenoieb(cenoieb eno vapcq dggiqtg za`acqh hanmecenien
vpkzaz hkdglgiezg tgnoiebceiq zezepen geceb =
4.5 Vahgcgben tgnoieb ceiq zezepen
Dg deceh vpkzaz hanoq`eb tgnoieb ceiq# vapiepe vaptehe eno vapcq
dg`apg iaqteheen geceb hanoanecveztg tgnoieb ceiq zezepen. Tgnoieb ceiq
zezepen hapqveien tgnoieb ceiq eno bandei dgq`eb# dgtgnoietien eteq
dg`apbantgien. @eog hanoanecveztg tgnoieb ceiq zezepen gtq `a`apeve vapiepe
vantgno vapcq dg`apg vaptgh`enoen. Vapiepe tapza`qt edeceb =
g. Mqhceb tgnoiebceiq eno vapcq dgq`eb
gg. Iaiapeven `apceiqne tgnoiebceiq tapza`qt
ggg. Menoieheze zazqetq tgnoiebceiq gtq `apceiqg|. Mangz(mangz tgnoiebceiq eno vapcq dg`apg iaqteheen
Zatgev hezeceb tgnoiebceiq hahapcqien vandaieten eno `ap`a}e dg
deceh hah`qet vanoqpqzen tgnoiebceiq# kcab gtq zatgev hezeceb vapcq dgq`eb
zajepe `apezgnoen iapene gntap|anzg eno `apcegnen `eog hezeceb eno
`apcegnen tgdei `kcab `apmecen zapantei qntqi hanoaceiien `apceiq iknlcgi dg
entepe zetq zehe cegn. Jkntkbne# zakpeno hqpgd eno zapgno hahqiqc
peienne den deceh heze eno zehe hahvqneg hezeceb vanoqpqzen dgpg.
@eog hezeceb hahqiqc peien# oqpq vapcq hanooqneien vandaieten dgzgvcgn
heneiece `eog vanoqpqzen dgpg vqce hahapcqien vandaieten eno cah`qt den
`apbaheb. Kcab gtq iadqe(dqe tgdei `kcab dgmecenien zajepe zapantei qntqi
hanoaceiien iaiacgpqen `eog hqpgd eno gnogn dgq`eb.
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Zacegn gtq# igte bene hahgcgb zazakpeno gndg|gdq eteq iqhvqcen eno
gnogn dgmedgien zezepen. Vahgcgben gng edeceb qntqi hanoaceiien iajacepqen
iatgie hah`qet hkdglgiezg tapbedev hqpgd `aphezeceb tapza`qt. Vahapbetgen
vapcq dgceiqien iavede vacemep eno vecgno `aphezeceb den zapgno hangh`qcien
iknlcgi iavede oqpq den peien(peien eno cegn. Zacegn gtq oqpq mqoe `kcab
hanoe`qnoien `a`apeve gndg|gdq eno hahvqneg hezeceb den ianecveztg
hezeceb hapaie eno behvgp zehe `eog hah`antqi zetq iqhvqcen. Zacegn gtq
oqpq vapcq hahvqneg paikd den dete tanteno hezeceb tgnoiebceiq hqpgd
za`acqh hanoeh`gc iavqtqzen hahgcgb tgnoiebceiq zezepen. Oqpq `kcab
hah`qet enecgze tanteno vktanzg tgnoiebceiq zezepen# iaiapeven# tebev
hezeceb zapte mangz hezeceb `apdezepien paikd tapza`qt. Oqpq bandeiceb
haceiqien vahapbetgen `aptapqzen tapbedev hqpgd `aphezeceb tapza`qt `eog
hanantqien hezeceb qtehe eno eien dgvgcgb za`eoeg tgnoieb ceiq zezepen.
Vaptgh`enoen mqoe vapcq dg`qet tanteno bece tqmq tgnoieb ceiq gng zaheze
vpkzaz hanoq`eb tgnoieb ceiq iacei. Oqpq vapcq hah`qet vaptgh`enoen zehe
ede tgnoiebceiq tapza`qt bandei dgiaiecien za`eoeg jkntkb hqpgd zapgno deteno
ewec ia zaikceb# weceqvqn hahvqneg hezeceb tgnoiebceiq eno cegn# oqpqvapcq hahgcgb tgnoiebceiq gng qntqi dgiaiecien zqvee hqpgd eien devet ewec
weceqvqn eve`gce oqpq hah`qet gntap|anzg `eog tgnoiebceiq zezepen eno cegn.
Mgie tgnoiebceiq gtq bandei dgq`eb# oqpq vapcq hanoeh`gc igpe vapq`eben vkzgtgl
eno `kcab `apceiq mgie vanoqpqzen tgnoiebceiq dgmecenien iacei. @eog
hanobevqzien tgnoiebceiq zezepen oqpq vapcq hanoeh`gc igpe iazadgeen hqpgd
`eog hanoaceiien hanobevqzien tgnoiebceiq eno bandei dgiaiecien. Za`eoeg
jkntkb# hqpgd eno zapgno tgdei hangevien iapme zaikceb dgianeien dandeen
den hana`e`ien hqpgd gng iapev vkntano zaikceb.
Oqpq mqoe vapcq hanantqien `ebewe tgnoiebceiq gtq edeceb tgnoiebceiq
eno devet dgvgcgb eteq tgdei. Za`eoeg jkntkb tgnoiebceiq eopazgl edeceb
tgnoiebceiq eno devet dgcgbet heneiece tgnoiebceiq ahkzg tgdei devet dgcgbet
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iajqecg eve`gce ede penozenoen eno `apceiq. Kcab gtq zaigpene tgnoiebceiq
eno tgdei devet dgcgbet gtq edeceb ca`gb dkhgnen# oqpq vapcq hahgcgb tgnoiebceiq
tapza`qt za`eoeg tgnoiebceiq zezepen den iahqdgeen `epqceb tgnoiebceiq eno
devet dgcgbet. @eoeg vahgcgben zavaptg gng# oqpq vapcq hahgngheien penozenoen(
penozenoen eno `kcab hana`e`ien hqpgd `aptgndei eopazgl.
Tgnoiebceiq zezepen vapcqceb `kcab dgigpe zqvee oqpq hqdeb qntqi
hapaikdien eve`gce oqpq hah`qet hkdglgiezg tgnoiebceiq iacei. Paikd(paikd gng
iacei `apoqne iavede oqpq eve`gce heh`qet enecgze tgnoiebceiq qntqi hacgbet
ia`apiazenenne tapbedev hqpgd. Tgnoiebceiq zezepen eno `kcab dgianecveztg
vapcqceb dgneteien danoen pgnoiez den tavet. Oqpq vapcq hanapenoien iavede
hqpgd tanteno tgnoiebceiq eno gnogn dgq`eb danoen pgnoiez den tavet zqvee
hqpgd den oqpq lebeh tanteno tgnoiebceiq zezepen eno dgvgcgb qntqi
hanoaceiien zeceb lebeh. Vahgcgben tgnoieb ceiq eno tavet devet
hangnoietien iameeen zazqetq hkdglgiezg tgnoiebceiq eno dg`qet `ap`endgno
tgnoiebceiq eno tgdei dgneteien danoen macez.
4.5.5 Vahapbetgen
@eog ienei(ienei eno dgianecveztg hahvqneg hezeceb tgnoieb ceiq#
vahapbetgen eien dgceizeneien qntqi hanoatebqg zgtqezg za`anep ienei(ienei
tapza`qt zajepe zahqce medg. Ge dgceiqien zajepe tgdei dgzadepg zqvee ienei(
ienei tgdei `apvqpe(vqpe dg hene lkiqz vahapbetgen edeceb qntqi hanoatebqg
tebev ialqnozgen ienei(ienei zajepe zahqce medg tenve dgoenooq kcab leitkp(
leitkp cegn.
Vahapbetgen `kcab dg`qet zaheze gndg|gdq tapcg`et deceh eitg|gtg(eitg|gtg
bepgenne zavaptg `aphegn# `aiapme deceh iqhvqcen den vanocg`etenne deceh
eitg|gtg zajepe `apiqhvqcen den za`eoegne " De|gd Ceh`apt den De|gd Cgnaz
0666 '.
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4.0 Hanoqhvqc den hapaikd dete
@eog tqmqen hapaikd oqpq vapcq haheztgien `ebewe tgnoiebceiq tapza`qt
edeceb tgnoieb ceiq `aptapqzen eteq tgnoieb ceiq dgzipgt. Qntqi tgnoieb ceiq`aptapqzen# tapdevet dqe jepe qntqi hapaikd tgnoieb ceiq tapza`qt gegtq =
g. Tgha zehvca pajkpdgno
( jepe hapaikd hanooqneien tgha zehvca edeceb `apdezepien
iaiapeven den tahvkb heze zaigpene `apceiqne tgnoieb ceiq eno
taceb dgvapbetgien.
gg. Gntap|ec "zace'
( oqpq hacgbet iavede jkpei tgnoieb ceiq gtq danoen hanjetet `gce
den `eoeghene tgnoieb ceiq gtq zapgno `apceiq.
Heneiece qntqi tgnoieb ceiq dgzipgt jepe hapaikd edeceb danoen hanooqneien=
( vapgztgwe zaheze "a|ant'
( bezgc tqoezen "kqt(jkha kl og|an tezi'
( hqpgd mqoe `kcab dg`apg vacqeno qntqi hapaikd tgnoiebceiq hapaie
zandgpg "zacl(pajkpdgno'
4.: Vahgcgben ztpetaog
Zatapqzne za`eoeg oqpq# igte vapcq hahgcgb `a`apeve ztpetaog zaheze
hanmecenien hkdglgiezg tgnoiebceiq zezepen. Zatgev hezeceb tgnoiebceiq
hahapcqien vandaieten eno `ap`a}e dg deceh hah`qet vanoqpqzen
tgnoiebceiq# kcab gtq zatgev hezeceb vapcq dgq`eb zajepe `apezgnoen iapene
gntap|anzg eno `apcegnen `eog hezeceb eno `apcegnen. Jkntkbne# zakpeno
hqpgd eno zapgno hahqiqc peienne den deceh heze eno zehe hahvqneg
hezeceb vanoqpqzen dgpg. @eog hezeceb hahqiqc peien# oqpq vapcq
hanooqneien vandaieten dgzgvcgn heneiece `eog vanoqpqzen dgpg vqce
hahapcqien vandaieten eno cah`qt den `apbaheb.
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Mgie tgnoiebceiq hezeceb vacemep gtq edeceb eopazgl heie ztpetaog eno
eien zee oqneien geceb danoen hah`qet ikntpei. Ikntpei geceb vapzatqmqen dg
entepe dqe vgbei eteq ca`gb "oqpq den vacemep' zajepe cgzen eteq `aptqcgz. Hqpgd
dgvaptenooqnomewe`ien tapbedev vapiepe eteq eitg|gtg eno dgvgcgb. Ikntpei eien
`apmee mgie hqpgd lebeh eien tgnoieb ceiq eno bandei dgq`eb den hqpgd
lebeh iazen eno eien `apceiq. Za`eoeg jkntkb# zee taceb hah`qet ikntpei
danoen vacemep `apianeen mgie dge tgdei hahqiqc peien qntqi zabepg# zee eien
hah`apg oenmepen iavedene den mgie dge hahqiqc mqoe# dge eien dgdande gegtq
`apdgpg dg cqep iacez danoen hahanoeno vacendqi eno taptqcgz –zewe hgnte heel
iapene zqie vqiqc peien# zewe `apmenmg tgdei eien hanoqcenognwe ceog‘.
Zacegn gtq# taingi eno zee oqneien ceog geceb hkdacgno. Hkdacgno
hanooqneien wetei(wetei "hqpgd# oqpq' eno dgzqieg den dgbkphetg qntqi
dgtacedeng kcab hqpgd. Za`eoeg jkntkb zee hahqmg Ebhed eno pemgn den zqie
tkckno peien dg daven Bez`g zqvee dge devet hanjkntkbg iaceiqen Ebhed.
Ieadeb gng eien hanepgi vapbetgen Bez`g iapenen hkdac eno zee oqneien
ca`gb vantgno `ap`endgno danoen Bez`g den Ebhed `apiadqdqien ca`gb tgnoog
den `apvanoatebqen `ap`endgno danoen Bez`g. Kcab za`e` Bez`g zakpeno eno
zqie hanepgi vapbetgen kpeno cegn# heie ieadeb eteq taingi hkdacgno gng eienhahvanoepqbg tgnoieb ceiq Bez`g iaepeb vkzgtgl.
Ztpetaog eno eien zee oqneien zaheze hahkdglgiezgien tgnoieb ceiq
Bez`g gng danoen taingi tgha(kqt. Tgha(kqt geceb hanahvetien hqpgd `apezgnoen
depgvede iqhvqcen zavaptg dg vanmqpq iacez eteq `gcgi ibez. Eve`gce tgnoiebceiq
dgceiqien# zee eien hanqpqbne ia vanmqpq iacez zacehe 51 hgngt# den
hah`apgtebqne mgie dge hahqiqc peienne ceog# zee eien haneh`eb heze
tgha(kqt gtq. Dgzehvgno gtq mqoe# zee eien hanoedeien eitg|gtg eno dgzqieg
`apzehe(zehe peien zqvee Bez`g eien hanazec den `apqzebe qntqi tgdei
hahqiqc peienne. Tapdevet tgoe mangz tgha(kqt eno `kcab zee oqneien#
vaptehene geceb k`zap|etgknec tgha(kqt gegtq vacemep eien dgezgnoien depgvede
zgtqezg eno hahvqneg vanaoqben. Dg hene hqpgd dg`gepien `apdaieten
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iqhvqcen tatevg tgdei hacg`etien dgpg deceh eitg|gtg tapza`qt. Mangz taingi iadqe
geceb arjcqzgknep gegtq vacemep `aphezeceb dgezgnoien depgvede iqhvqcenne
tatevg hezgb dg `gcgi eno zehe# jkntkbne vacemep eien dgtahvetien dg hame
`apezgnoen danoen iewen(iewene. Mangz iatgoe geceb zajcqzgknep gegtq vacemep
dgiacqepien depgvede iqhvqcen den dgtahvetien ia tahvet eteq `gcgi cegn. Qntqi
iecg vaptehe# zee eien hanooqneien mangz tgha(kqt eno vaptehe# den mgie
vacemep tatev haceiqien tgnoieb ceiq hahqiqc gtq ceog# zee eien hanooqneien
mangz iadqe eteq iatgoe hanogiqt iaiapeven den iaedeen vede heze gtq.
Taingi bqiqhen mqoe dgoqneien kcab zee# bqiqhen eno dgoqneien
zavaptg hah`apg tebenen iacez gegtq vacemep `aphezeceb tgnoiebceiq tapveize
`ecgi cawet `ap`endgno danoen peien(peiene. Zacegn gtq# zee eien hanepgi
tkian eno taceb dg`apg kcab oqpq iavede vacemep `aphezeceb gtq.
Hkdac hkdglgiezg tgnoieb ceiq hacecqg vpkzaz vah`gezen `apdezepien
takpg vace}ghen Zignnap "571:'. Takpg haneteien vah`acemepen `apceiq hacecqg
vace}ghen gegtq eve`gce zazqetq vapiepe dg`apg vananoqben heie ienei(ienei
devet hahvacemepg den eien dgdgi qntqi hah`qet zazqetq vapiepe gtq eteq
za`ecgine. Deceh takpg gng# vananoqben vkzgtgl eien dg`apg za`eoeg vanobepoeenden vanaoqben naoetgl dg`apg qntqi iazen eno tgdei hanapknkiien zqvee
tgdei hanoqcenog vap`qetenne. Jkntkbne mgie vacemep `apianeen tgdei
hahqiqc peienne ceog# zee eien hah`apg vanobepoeen zavaptg vqmgen den
bedgeb zavaptg eno taceb zee menmgien tatevg mgie dge haceiqien vap`qeten
naoetgl gtq# zee eien handandene qntqi `apdgpg dg etez iapqzg zabgnooe weitq
`ecgi.
Vaphgcgben ztpetaog eno `ap`antqi bqiqhen `kcab dgceiqien zacavez
hanjq`e ztpetaog eno ca`gb cah`qt. Kcab gtq# oqpq vapcq hangceg den hah`qet
`a`apeve vahgcgben `eog hah`apg iazen iavede vacemep qntqi hanoq`eb
tgnoiebceiq iaepeb eno ca`gb `egi ceog.
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4.4 Vangcegen Ia`apiazenen Hkdglgiezg
Vangcegen vapcq dgceiqien `eog haheztgien k`maitgl vaceizeneen
hkdglgiezg gtq tapjeveg. Zacegn gtq# vangcegen dgceiqien `eog hacevkpien
ia`apiazenen hkdglgiezg eno taceb dgmecenien. Mgie hkdglgiezg gtq tgdei `apmee
heie `a`apeve jedenoen `kcab dg`apgien zacavez hacgbet dete za`acqh den
zacavez hkdglgiezg. Zacegn gtq# vangcegen dg`qet `eog hanapenoien za`e` den
leitkp eno hana`e`ien iaoeoecen hkdglgiezg tapza`qt. Zatgev iacaheben den
iaiqeten `kcab dgcevkpien `eog handevet iazghvqcen `eog hapenjeno
hkdglgiezg zatapqzne.
1.6 VPKZAZ HACEIZENEIEN HKDGLGIEZG TGNOIEB CEIQ
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Vanoqpqzen Tgnoieb Ceiq geceb tgnoieb ceiq eno dgceiqien kcab oqpq# g`q
`eve eteq vgbei(vgbei taptantq qntqi hah`antqi vapceiqen cqepen den decehen
gndg|gdq eteq iqhvqcen zqvee gndg|gdq tapza`qt hahvqneg tgnoiebceiq eno
`aphenleet# vpkdqitgl# den dgtapghe kcab hezepeiet. Heneiece Dp. Peo`gp e+v
Mkogndap Zgnob taceb hanteipglien vanoqpqzen tgnoieb ceiq geceb zetq penjenoen
qntqi hahkdglgiezgien tgnoieb ceiq `aphezeceb ia zetq hetcehet eno taceb
dgtatevien danoen taingi eno zazqeg.
Zaheze hanmecenien vahapbetgen gng dg iacez Vandgdgien Ibez Zaikceb
Ia`enozeen Jba Cetgll# zee taceb hanolkiqzien iavede zakpeno hqpgd Ibez
eno `apnehe# Hqbehhed Bez`g. @apdezepien vahapbetgen zee# zee
handevetg `ebewe Bez`g hahvqneg `enei tgnoieb ceiq naoetgl tatevg
tgnoiebceiq gtq hezgb `apede dg tebev zadapbene. Bez`g zakpeno vacemep eno
hanobedevg hezeceb vah`acemepen den dgietaokpgien za`eoeg Zgndpkh Dkwn
eno mqoe hahvqneg hezeceb iajejeten hantec den zqdeb `apqzge 50 tebqn.
Eve eno zee devetg zataceb hah`qet vahapbetgen zacehe dqe bepg `enei
tgnoieb ceiq naoetgl eno devet dgiazen entepene edeceb dge zakpeno eno zqie
hanooenooq# zqie hanjq`gt# zqie hahqiqc peien(peienne den tgdei hah`apg
tqhvqen zaheze vpkzaz vanoemepen den vah`acemepen `apcenozqno.
Hanqpqt oqpq iacezne# Bez`g zqie hanjq`gt peien zaiacezne eno tgdei
pevet danoenne. Zacegn gtq# mgie peienne gtq tgdei hahanqbg iabandei dge eien
hahqiqc iavece peienne danoen eve zebeme eno ede dgtenoenne. Bez`g mqoe
tgdei hanqhvqien vapbetgen zaheze vpkzaz vanoemepen den vah`acemepen
`apcenozqno. Nehqn `aogtq# Bez`g zakpeno vacemep eno devet hanoqpqzien
dgpgne zavaptg devet haheieg veiegen danoen zandgpg# heien den hendg
danoen zandgpg.
Tgnoieb ceiq `aphezeceb =
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5' hahqiqc den hanjq`gt peien
0' `apibeec
:' haneng danoen iqet
4' tgdei hanqhvqien vapbetgen zaheze oqpq henoemep
Tgnoiebceiq eno zapgqz eno dgbedevg kcab Bez`g geceb hahqiqc peien#
kcab gtq tgnoieb ceiq tapza`qt hapqveien tgnoiebceiq zezepen qntqi
dghkdglgiezgien.
IEMGEN IAZ TGNOIEB CEIQ @APHEZECEB
@GKDETE VACEMEP
Nehe = Hkbd Bez`g `gn Hqbehhed
Ietaokpg = Zgndpkwn dkwn
Mentgne = Caceig
@enoze = Haceq
_epoenaoepe = Hecezge
Tepgib Cebgp = 5: Kokz 5772
Enei ia = @knozq depgvede 4 edgi(`apedgi
Oqpq Iacez = Vn. Zq}gcewetg
Hezeceb tgnoieb ceiq = Zqie hahqiqc peien
@apdezepien vahapbetgen eno taceb dg`qet# zee taceb hanoqhvqc den
hapaikd dete hanoaneg tgnoieb ceiq eno gnogn dgq`eb hanogiqt vpkzadqp
vanoqpqzen tgnoieb ceiq. Tapdevet `a`apeve ieadeb eteq taingi eno taceb
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zee dgoqneien `eog hapaikd tgnoieb ceiq hqpgd. Entepene geceb zee
hanooqneien dqpetgkn pajkpdgno# zanepeg zahei den zaigc iedep.
e' Zanepeg zahei
Vahapbetgen ca`gb `apheine eve`gce oqpq devet hanoegtien vapq`eben tgnoieb
ceiq ienei(ienei danoen bezgc vah`acemepen zavaptg eno taceb dgtatevien. Kcab
gtq# zee taceb hanadgeien zetq zanepeg bezgc vah`acemepen den dgoqneien
za`eoeg ecet eteq gnztpqhant zaheien zaheze hah`qet vahapbetgen qntqi
zatgev hqpgd. Zanepeg bezgc vah`acemepen bandeiceb hanoeh`gc igpe dkhegn
ikongtgl# elaitgl den vzgikhktkp. Zanepeg zahei gng devet haneteien zehede
hqpgd `kcab eteq tgdei `kcab# hanjeveg eteq tgdei hanjeveg bezgc vah`acemepen
eno dggnogng. Oeh`epen eno dgvapkcab gng tgdei macez `eog hanooeh`epien
vanjevegen hqpgd gtq. Ede mqoe deceh iecenoen oqpq hanooqneien ziece
vanoacezen gegtq „`acqh hanoqezeg# `egi# jahapceno‛ `eog hah`apg oeh`epen
eno ca`gb macez `apianeen vanjevegen hqpgd gtq.
`' Zaigc iedep
Zaigc iedep behvgp zehe danoen lpaiqanzg. Hapaikdien iedep tgnoieb ceiq
hah`e`gtien vanoqhvqcen heicqhet tanteno lpaiqanzg tgnoieb ceiq enodgvapbetgien den venmeno tahvkb vahapbetgen gtq. Iedep edeceb ngz`eb `gcenoen
tgnoieb ceiq tap`e`gt `apceiq deceh heze eno dgtatevien den tahvkb heze.
Iedep dgbgtqno danoen han`ebeogien `gcenoen tgnoieb ceiq eno tapmedg gng
danoen hgngt# meh eteqvqn bepg iatgie vahapbetgen dg`qet. Lpaiqanzg eteqvqn
`apeve iecg zakpeno gtq hahqiqc peienne devet dgjetetien za`eoeg iedep
tahvkb iacez dgmecenien eteqvqn tahvkb heze vahapbetgen dgiatebqg. Iedep
tgnoieb ceiq devet dgigpe vqpete zaigpene vahapbetgen dg`qet `a`apeve iecg
zavenmeno tahvkb..
-Pqmqi ia becehen cehvgpen qntqi hacgbet dete zanepeg zahei weno tacebdggzg.
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-Pqmqi ia becehen cehvgpen qntqi hacgbet dete zaigc iedep weno taceb dggzg.
j' Dqpetgkn pajkpdgno
Hapaikdien menoie heze hanoaneg tgnoieb ceiq devet dg`qet danoenhanjetetien heze hqce den heze tehet tgnoieb ceiq gtq tapmedg. Taingi
gng zacecqne dgoqneien `eog hahapbetgien tgnoieb ceiq eno iqpeno tapmedg den
dgtapqzien `eog tahvkb eno taptantq. Medqec dg`eweb hanqnmqiien `kpeno
menoie heze eno taceb dgoqneien zaheze vahapbetgen.
DQPETGKN PAJKPDGNO
Nehe oqpq = Vn.Zq}gcewetg
Nehe hqpgd = Hkbd Bez`g
Tgnoieb ceiq = Hahqiqc peien
Tepgib = 07 Zavtah`ap 0656 "Ebed'
Medqec 5= dqpetgkn pajkpdgno dgoqneien zaheze hah`qet vahapbetgen
1.5 PENJENOEN VANOQPQZEN TGNOIEB CEIQ
Nehe Hqpgd =Hkbd Bez`g `gn Hqbehhed
Tepgib Hqce = 07 Kokz bgnooe 0 zavtah`ap 0656
Heze
Hqce Tehet Mqhceb
iaiapeven
Ikhan
2.56 2.46 1 Hqce heze iadqe2.46 7.56 < Iacez vanoqpqzen
dgpg
7.56 55.66 : Heze pabet
55.:6 50.61 1 Eitg|gtg `a`ez
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Hezeceb Tgnoieb Ceiq = hahqiqc peien
Tepgib Cebgp = 5: Kokz 5772
Qhqp = 50 tebqn
Hetcehet = Hanoqpenoien eteq hanobantgien iaiapeven hahqiqc peien
VANWADGEEN VAPENJENOEN HKDGLGIEZG TGNOIEBCEIQ VACEMEP
Vahapbetgen Hahqiqc iewen zaheze
vpkzaz vanoemepen den
vah`acemepen `apceiq.
Tgnoieb ceiq eno bandei dgqpqzien Zqie hahqiqc iewen
Hkdglgiezg tgnoieb ceiq `apbantg den hanoqpenoien
depgvede hahqiqc peien
Heze tgnoieb ceiq `aphezeceb
dgceiqien
zaheze tgede za`epeno eitg|gtg
zaheze eitg|gtg vanoemepen den
vah`acemepen.
iaedeen hepeb den
`apzakpenoen
Za`e` qtehe deceh hanmecenien
hkdglgiezg
Hqpgd gng tgdei devet
hah`a}eien entepe tgnoieb
ceiq vkzgtgl eteq naoetgl.
Hanoaceiien tgnoieb ceiq
tapza`qt hanmedg `aptapqzen
zabgnooe daweze.
Hah`qetien peien cegn tgdei
zacehet danoen dgpgne
Hah`apg iazen iavede peien(
peien
Ztpetaog eteq ieadeb Zantgeze hanoewec tgnoieb
ceiq tapza`qt.
haceizeneien eitg|gtg eno
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1.0 Hanmecenien Vpkzaz Hkdglgiezg Tgnoieb Ceiq
Za`acqh hanmecenien vpkzaz hkdglgiezg gng# zee taceb hah`qet
vahapbetgen tapbedev tgnoiebceiq Bez`g danoen hanooqneien Dqpetgkn
dghgnetgne zavaptg vq}}ca.
Hah`apg vanaoqben naoetgl
qntqi hanoqpenoien tgnoieb
ceiq tapza`qt.
hanezgbetg hqpgd zqvee tgdei
hanoqcenog tgnoieb ceiq tapza`qt
hah`apg oenmepen zavaptg vqmgen
mgie `apmee hanobantgien
tgnoieb ceiq tapza`qt.
Hanooeceiien hapaie `acemep
zajepe `apiqhvqcen zqvee
peien cegn `apeze zacaze den
zacehet danoenne.
hahvap`eneiien vanooqneen
`eben `entq `acemep zqvee
hqpgd tgdei `apeze `kzen.
Vanaoqben
Vkzgtgl
~ hah`apgien oenmepen~ hah`apgien vqmgen zavaptg ‘`eoqz‘
eteq ‘`egi‘.
Naoetgl
~ hah`apg taoqpen
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Pajkpdgno. Eve eno zee vapkcabg depgvede dete tapza`qt geceb tgnoieb ceiq
hahqiqc peien hapqveien tgnoiebceiq eno zacecq dgceiqien kcab Bez`g
weceqvqn dg hene dge `apede. Ztpetaog qntqi hahkdglgiezgien tgnoiebceiq Bez`g
dgceiqien vede bepg Gzngn den Pe`q zebeme.
Medqec 5= @gcenoen iaiapeven eno dgvapkcabg za`acqh haceiqien hkdglgiezg
Vede bepg vaptehe hkdglgiezg gtq dgmecenien# zee taceb hanooqneien
taingi ikntpei. Taingi gng taceb zee `ap`gnjeno danoen oqpq iacez Bez`g# den
handevet vendenoen depgvedene. Hanqpqt Vn. Zq}gcewetg# Bez`g edeceb ienei(
ienei eno lebeh den hanoaptg eve eno dgvaptqtqpien kcab igte zahqe# kcab gtqhqdebceb qntqi haceizeneien taingi ikntpei gtq iapene taingi gng vapcq
handevet vapzatqmqegen depgvede zee den vacemep tapza`qt. Eve`gce zee
`ap`gnjeno danoen Bez`g# dge `apzatqmq den `apzackpkb danoen zee eno dge
tgdei eien hahqiqc iewen ceog iapene hebqien oenmepen depgvede zee. Vede
heze gtq# zee eign eno taingi gng eien `apmee. Nehqn# tapmedg za`egine#
zacavez hezqi zebeme ia deceh iacez# Bez`g zqdeb hahqiqc iewene dg iavece
iapene `apa`qtien iapqzg.
Taingi iadqe gegtq hkdacgno# zaheze `apede dg deceh iacez# zee taceb
hanqpqb Ebhed hanoeh`gc legc zee dg cqep zene# zacavez gtq# zee taceb
hahqmgne den hah`apgtebq zahqe vacemep eno vapenoeg Ebhed vapcqceb
dgjkntkbg iapene dge zakpeno handanoep iete# pemgn den tgdei zqie hanooenooq
Heze
Hqce Tehet Mqhceb
iaiapeven
Ikhan
2.56 2.46 1 Hqce heze iadqe
2.46 7.56 < Iacez vanoqpqzen
dgpg
7.56 55.66 : Heze pabet55.:6 50.61 1 Eitg|gtg `a`ez
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kpeno cegn. Nehqn# taingi gng mqoe oeoec iapene Bez`g zakceb tgdei hanoeh`gc
tebq eve eno dgdanoepgne. Zacegn gtq# taingi gng zacecqne hanoeh`gc heze
eno cehe qntqi hacgbet ia`apiazenenne. Kcab gtq# zee taceb hanooqneien
taingi tgha(kqt# taingi gng tgdei `apiazen qntqi heze eno venmeno iapene
zacavez Bez`g dgianeien tgha(kqt# vede hqcene dge zaeien zadgb iapene
`apede dg vanmqpq iacez zakpeno dgpg den iacgbeten hanazec tatevg zacavez 1
hgngt dge haneng den `apokcai dg etez centeg. Cgbet medqec 0 dg`eweb eno
hanqnmqiien `gcenoen iaiapeven hahqiqc peien eno dgceiqien kcab bez`g.
Medqec 0 = Mqhceb iaiapeven hahqiqc peien zaheze bepg vaptehe hkdglgiezg
Vpkzaz vaceizeneen hkdglgiezg vede bepg zaceze tgdei `kcab dgmecenien
iapene vede bepg tapza`qt hapqveien bepg iahapdaieen. Vede bepg iadqe
hkdglgiezg gtq dgceiqien# zee taceb hanooqneien hkdac hkdglgiezg tgnoieb ceiq
hacecqg vpkzaz vah`gezen `apdezepien takpg vace}ghen Zignnap "571:'. Takpg
haneteien vah`acemepen `apceiq hacecqg vace}ghen gegtq eve`gce zazqetq
vapiepe dg`apg vananoqben heie ienei(ienei devet hahvacemepg den eien dgdgi
qntqi hah`qet zazqetq vapiepe gtq eteq za`ecgine. Hacecqg hkdac tapza`qt#
zee taceb `apmenmg danoen Bez`g mgie dge tgdei hahqiqc iewenne zaheze
`apede deceh iacez vanoqpqzen dgpg# zee eien hah`apg oenmepen tatevg mgie
Bez`g hahqiqc zee eien handandene qntqi `apdgpg etez iapqzg. Vanooqneen
Heze
Hqce Tehet Mqhcebiaiapeven
Ikhan
2.56 2.41 4 Heze iadqe
7.56 7.41 : Eitg|gt hacqigz
56.56 55.:6 : Eit|gtg `a`ez
50.66 50.56 4 Zaheze `apzgev
qntqi vqceno
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takpg gng `apmee iapene vede heze tapza`qt# dge tgdei hahqiqc iewene. Kcab
gtq# oenmepen dg`apgien iavede Bez`g.
Zacavez gtq# zee taceb hanooqneien taingi bqiqhen. Taingi gng ca`gb
iavede eig`et eno dgvapkcabg mgie Bez`g hahqiqc iewenne. Zee eien
hah`apg bqiqhen iavedene zavaptg hah`apg tebenen iacez# tapveize vqceno
cawet den eien dgje`qt tkian eno dgvapkcabgne. Taingi bqiqhen gng `apmee
dgceizenein iapene Bez`g iacgbeten zanev den tgdei `apeng hanoejeq peien
eno cegn zaheze weitq iacez. Cgbet medqec : eno hanqnmqien `gcenoen
iaiapeven hahqiqc peien eno dgceiqien kcab Bez`g.
Medqec := Mqhceb iaiapeven hahqiqc peien qntqi bepg iadqe
Zacavez hanmecenien hkdglgiezg gng# zee handeveg iaiapeven tgnoieb
ceiq Bez`g gegtq hahqiqc peien `apiqpeno hanogiqt dete eno taceb dgpaikdien
zacavez hkdglgiezg dgmecenien. Taingi eno taoez edeceb zazqeg danoen tgnoieb
ceiq hahqiqc peien gng iapene taingi gng devet hah`apg Bez`g qntqi hapezeg
vapezeen teiqt den tgdei zacaze. Zacegn gtq# ge devet hah`entq Bez`g qntqi tgdei
hanoenooq peien eno cegn.
Heze
Hqce Tehet Mqhceb
iaiapeven
Ikhan
2.56 2.46 : heze iadqe
2.46 7.56 0 Eitg|tg hahezei
7.56 7.46 0 dg ientgn
7.46 56.56 : Eitg|gtg `a`ez
Heze
Hqce Tehet Mqhceb Ikhan
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Medqec 4= Mqhceb iaiapeven zacavez hkdglgiezg
Medqec 1 = Opel veceno hanqmqiien mqhceb iaiapeven hahqiqc peien `eog leze
za`acqh# zaheze den zacavez hkdglgiezg
@ap`endgno dete eno dgvapkcabg za`acqh hkdglgiezg# mqhceb iaiapeven
hahqiqc peien za`enei 57 vqiqcen heneiece zaheze hanmecenien hkdglgiezg#
mqhceb qntqi bepg vaptehe edeceb za`enei 54 vqiqcen den 56 vqiqcen vede
bepg iadqe. Zacavez hkdglgiezg# mqhceb iaiapeven hanqpqn za`enei 50 vqiqcen
gegtq ? vqiqcen zebeme.
604<2
5650545<5206
Ebed "za`acqh
hkdglgiezg'
Gzngn "zaheze
hkdglgiezg'
Zaceze "jqtg bepg
iahapdaieen'
Pe`q "zaheze
hkdglgiezg'
Ibehgz "zacavez
hkdglgiezg'
@gcenoen tgnoieb ceiq `apdezepien bepg
iaiapeven
2.56 2.46 5 Heze vanoqpqzen dgpg
2.46 7.56 5 Hankntkn taca|gzan
7.56 56.66 : Zaheze pabet
50.61 50.56 0 @apzgev qntqi vqceno
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Hacecqg mqhceb iaiapeven eno dgtqnmqien kcab opel veceno gng taceb
hanqnmqiien ia`apiazenen deceh hkdglgiezg hezeceb hahqiqc peien gng.
_eceqvqn tgdei hanobevqz tgnoiebceiq `aphezeceb tapza`qt nehqn zadgigt
za`enei taceb hanqnmqiien iaiqpenoen eno `azep iavede hezeceb
tgnoiebceiq tapza`qt. Hezeceb gng devet dgbevqzien mgie hahvqneg heze eno
venmeno den handevet iapmezehe depgvede zahqe vgbei. Kcab gtq# deceh
hapenjeno hkdglgiezg# `enei vapiepe eno vapcq dgeh`gc igpe eoep hkdglgiezg gtq
`apmee zacepez danoen k`maitgl eno taceb dgtatevien.
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<.6 PALCAIZG IA@APIAZENEN HKDGLGIEZG TGNOIEB CEIQ
Hanogiqt iazacqpqben dete eno dgvapkcabg za`acqh# zaheze den zacavez
hkdglgiezg gng# zee hacgbet bene 26 vapetqz zebeme `apmee. Gng dgza`e`ien kcab
iaienoen heze den iapmezehe depgvede iadqe g`q `eve edeceb iqpeno.
Dgzehvgno gtq# Bez`g bene devet `apteben depgvede hahqiqc peienne qntqi
heze eno zgnoiet zebeme. Gng hana`e`ien tgnoieb ceiq gng hahapcqien heze
eno venmeno qntqi hkdglgiezgien `eog hanoq`ebien tgnoiebceiq hezeceb
tapza`qt. _eceqvqn `aogtq# hezeceb eno dgbedevg kcab Hkbd Bez`g gng hezgb
`kcab dgvqcgbien. Tapdevet ztpetaog eno `apmee dgoqneien zavaptg taingi
bqiqhen den vanaoqben depgvede takpg Zignnap. Taingi gng `apmee hah`qetien
Bez`g qntqi tgdei hahqiqc iewen(iewenne. Mgie dgcgbet vede opel vecenohanqnmqiien mqhceb iaiapeven hahqiqc peien zaheign `apiqpenoen tatevg
tgnoieb ceiq gtq `apteben qntqi heze eno zgnoiet zebeme.
Hezeceb tgnoieb ceiq Bez`g gng eoei `apet iapene tgnoieb ceiq gng eien
hah`apg iazen dgpg Bez`g den mqoe iavede peien zaiacezne. Kcab gtq# zee
taceb `ap`gnjeno danoen oqpq iacez Bez`g# Vn. Zq}gcewetg eoep hah`apgien
taingi bqiqhen eno zatghvec den vananoqben zavaptg hah`apg taoqpen zacecq
iavede Bez`g zqvee tgnoieb ceiq naoetgl gtq eien `apiqpenoen den eien vqvqz
deceh dgpg Bez`g zetq bepg nentg. Zacegn gtq hah`apg Bez`g qntqi hah`qet vgcgben
entepe oenmepen danoen dandeen# mgie oenmepen gtq hapqveien iabandeine
heie hqdebceb qntqi hahvanoepqbgne tatevg eno hanmedg hezecebne geceb
hkkd Bez`g eno zacecq `apq`eb depgvede japge iavede oepeno. Vapq`eben
hkkd gng dgza`e`ien kcab jqeje den vapzaigtepen eno hah`qetien Bez`g tgdei
zacaze. Kcab gtq# `a`apeve cenoieb eno vapcq dgceiqien qntqi hah`qetien
hkkd Bez`g gtq tgdei `apq`eb.
Iapmezehe depgvede iacqepoe edeceb zenoet vantgno. Leitkp iacqepoe
hahegnien vapenen deceh hanantqien tgnoiebceiq vacemep. Ia`eneien vacemep
hanobe`gzien heze dg pqheb den hana`e`ien zatgev vangpqen eno dgceiqien
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kcab g`q `eve eteq vanmeoe ibqzqzne eien hanmedg hkdac iavede vacemep
`apianeen. Endeg `egi hkdac tapza`qt# heie `egiceb vangpqen gtq den
za`ecgine. Kcab gtq# zee taceb hah`qet vap`gjenoen danoen iadqe g`q `eve
Bez`g eoep hah`apg jkntkb eno `egi iavede enei hapaie den hanoewec
tgnoiebceiq Bez`g depgvede hankntkn penjenoen eno `ap`antqi oenez den
eopazgl.
Zacavez hanmecenien hkdglgiezg# zee handevetg Bez`g ca`gb pevet
danoen iewenne. Zqezene japge `apcenmqten zavenmeno bepg weceqvqn
ia`gezeenne Bez`g eien hanoecehg hkkd eno tgdei `egi vede zatgev bepg.
Mgie dgcgbet zaheze hanmecenien eitg|gtg `apiqhvqcen# Bez`g hanqnmqiien
iapmezehe den dgcgbet tgdei `apeng qntqi hanoenooq peienne. Zacegn gtq# Bez`g
mqoe dgcgbet ca`gb hah`apg tqhvqen zaheze vpkzaz vanoemepen den
vah`acemepen.
Iazghvqcenne# hezeceb tgnoieb ceiq dgiecenoen vacemep haztgceb
handevet iapmezehe depgvede zahqe vgbei eoep vac`eoeg vapzkecen devet
dgmewe` den `apzehe(zehe hanjepg meweven `eog zatgev vaphezeceben.
Iapmezehe depgvede oqpq# g`q `eve den peien(peien edeceb zenoet vantgnoqntqi haheztgien hkdglgiezg gtq `apmee. Zacegn gtq mqoe# zee handevetg
hkdglgiezg gng hahapcqien menoie heze eno venmeno den vapcq dgpenjeno
danoen tacgtg zapte dgceiqien zajepe `aptapqzen# zee eign tgnoieb ceiq hahqiqc
peien gtq devet bgceno deceh dgpg Bez`g zajepe `apenzqp(enzqp mgie hkdglgiezg gtq
dgceiqien hanogiqt vpkzadqp eno taceb dgtatevien. Ia`eneien tgnoieb ceiq
devet dgvacemepg# gng `apheine tgnoieb ceiq `epq eteq ectapnetg|a `kcab dg vacemepg
vede `gce(`gce heze. Tgnoieb ceiq eno naoetgl zavaptg eopazgl# zqie hapkzeien
bepte `ande `kcab dgq`eb iavede tgnoieb ceiq `epq eno ca`gb vkzgtgl mgie gndg|gdq
gtq dg`apg gntap|anzg eno taceb dgpenjeno danoen tacgtg# `apzazqegen den
`apzgztahetgi.
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:5
?.6 PALCAIZG
2.6 @G@CGKOPELG
@qiq =
Dp. Ikb @kb @kkn "5725'# Vanoemepen Vahqcgben Deceh @ebeze Hecewzge .
Iqece Cqhvqp = Vq`cgjetgkn , Dgztpg`qtkpz Zdn. @bd.
Becg}e Beh}eb , Mk N. Zehqac "0667'# Vapiah`enoen Ienei(ienei . Iqece
Cqhvqp = Iqhvqcen @qdghen Zdn. @bd.
Gntapnat =
bttv=++japgtepezebetg0.`ckozvkt.jkh+0667+61+vanoqpqzen(tgnoieb(ceiq(0.bthc
bttv=++avpgntz.qzh.h+1766+5+VVI::4[(
[VANOQPQZEN[HEZECEB[AHKZG[DEN[TGNOIEB[CEIQ[IENEI(
IENEI[@APIAVACQEN[IBEZ[MQN[62.vdl
bttv=++www.zjpg`d.jkh+dkj+42?4<2?+VANOQPQZEN(T(CEIQ
bttv=++www.zcgda`kkh.jkh+vpazantetgknz+7:2?:+Hqpgd(Vandgdgien(Ibez(
Vah`acemepen
bttv=++www.zcgda`kkh.jkh+vpazantetgknz+7:225+Vanoq`ebzqegen(Tgnoiebceiq
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CEHVGPEN