atisha - tibetan master by taoshobuddha

8/8/2019 Atisha - Tibetan Master by Taoshobuddha

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Pfa Pmhapok Hq``fmtp Eotpax

POJTFJHQ@@FO


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OPMTFO PMHAPOK HQ@@FMTP EOTPAX

POJTFJHQ@@FO HQ@@FMTP TAXMAT Rona 8

82?2, Pojtfjh ``fo

Rxmkpa` ok` R hlmtfa` h} POJTFJHQ@@FO EA@MPOPMJKTPE

Oll xmnfpt oxa xataxya`+ Kj roxp ji pfmt r hlmdopmjk eo} haxarxj` da`, tpjxa` mk o xapxmayol t}tpae jx pxoktemppa`, mk ok} ijxejx h} ok} eaokt, eadfokmdol, rfjpjdjr}mkn, xadjx`mkn jx jpfax~mta,~mpfj p rxmjx ~xmppak raxemttmjk ji pfa jxmnmkol r hlmtfaxPOJTFJHQ@@FO EA@MPOPMJKT+

Djyax `atmnk ok` nxorfmdt7 Okok` Kaaloehax

Rfjpjnxorf}7 Pojtfjh ``fo

OPMTFO PFA PMHAPOK HQ@@FMTP EOTPAX


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Pfa ~jx` Pojtfjhq``fo djeat ixje pfxaa ~jx`t, poj, tfj,

ok` Hq``fo+ Pfa ~jx` Poj ~ot djmka` h} pfa Dfmkata eotpax,Loq Pwq+ Mp eaokt pfop ~fmdf mt ok` dokkjp ha rqp mkpj ~jx`t+Mp mt qkckj~k ok` qkckj~ohla+ Mp dok jkl} ha avraxmakda` ok`kjp avrxatta` mk ~jx`t+ Mpt eonkokmemp} dokkjp ha djk`akta`mkpj imkmpakatt+ Pfa ~jx` Tfj merlmat, pfop ~fmdf mt yotp lmcapfa tc} ok` `aar lmca ok jdaok doxxmat ~mpfmk mpt ~jeh opxaotqxa+ Mp oltj eaokt jka jk ~fje pfa avmtpakda tfj~axt mpthlattmknt+ Ok` lotpl} pfa ~jx` Hq``fo merlmat pfa Aklmnfpaka`

Jka3 jka ~fj fot oxxmya` fjea+

Pfqt, Pojtfjhq``fo merlmat jka ~fj mt avmtpakpmol, jk ~fjepfa avmtpakda tfj~axt mpt hlattmknt ok` jka ~fj fot oxxmya`fjea+ Pfa Aklmnfpaka` Jka


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Dfok`xonoxhfo pj Opmtfo


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Opmtfo

Pmhapok Hq``fmtp Eotpax


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Opmtfo oppomka` pfa ckj~la`na ji aerpmkatt ok` hadoeao~oxa ji r xa f eok kop xa+ Fa laoxka` ji pfa ixaa`je oll takpmakp hamknt foya, o ixaa`je ixje rf}tmdol oppodfeakpt

ok` eakpol hjk`ona+ H ``fmtp koxxopmyat xadj kp jka tpjx} mk

~fmdf Opmtfo djeat odxjtt o ~jeak olpaxkopal} dx}mkn ok` lo nfmkn+ Djki ta` ~mpf fax hafoymjx, fa mkq mxat ohj p fax djk`mpmjk, ok` tfa xatrjk`a`7

SJUkat j~k emk` fot haak o H ``fo ixje pfa hanmkkmkn+ H} kjp ckj~mkn pfmt, nxaop djerlmdopmjkt ijllj~ ixje t df oteoll hota ji axxjx ijx f k`xa`t ji pfj tok`t ji takpmakp hamknt+ Kjp hamkn ohla pj haox pfa t iiaxmkn ijx tj eok}

hamknt, M dx}+ Ok` pfak, M lo nf hado ta ~fak pfmt teoll hotmtji axxjx mt ckj~k~fak jka ckj~t jkat j~k emk`jka mt

ixaa`+


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POJTFJHQ@@FO HQ@@FMTP TAXMAT Rona >

Rxaioda

oe mkàa` alopa` ot M oe traocmkn pj }j jk o PmhapokH ``fmtp Eotpax+ ^fop avdmpa ea oxa pfxaa koeatPmhap, H ``fo, ok` Opmtfo+

Pmhap mt pfa jkl} dj kpx} mk pfa ~jxl` pfop fot trakp ollakaxn} ijx pfa àyaljreakp ji f eok djktdmj tkatt+H ``fo noya Ymrotf}oko Ea`mpopmjk ok` eoàaklmnfpakeakp rjttmhla+ Ok` Opmtfo mt pfa H ``fmtp eotpax~fj laip Mk`mo pj nj pj Pmhap+ Mkmpmoll} Opmtfo ~ot ollj~a` ijxpfxaa }aoxt+ Fj~ayax jk xaodfmkn Opmtfo àdmà` pj tpo}hodc mk Pmhap+

Opmfo @mrokcoxo Tfxmgkoko ~ot hjxk mk =62%68+ Opmtfo ~oto H ``fmtp paodfax ixje pfa Rolo Aermxa ~fj, oljkn ~mpfCjkdfjn N}olrj ok` Eoxro, hadoea jka ji pfa eogjx imn xat

mk pfa atpohlmtfeakp ji pfa Toxeo lmkaonat mk Pmhap oipax pfaxarxattmjk ji H ``fmte h} Cmkn+ Opmtfo mt jka ji pfa xoxaeotpaxt+ Fa mt xoxa mk pfa takta pfop fa ~ot po nfp h} pfxaaaklmnfpaka` eotpaxt mk o``mpmjk pj ?1> eotpaxt pfop faodq mxa`+ Mp fot kayax forraka` haijxa+ Oltj mp mt yax} xoxapfop o eotpax mt pxomka` h} pfxaa eotpaxt+ Opmtfo mt o nmip ixje Mk`mo pj Pmhap g tp ot Hj`fm`foxeo mt Mk`mot nmip pjDfmko+


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Hatmàt atpohlmtfmkn pfa xjjpt ji H ``fmte mk Pmhap Opmtfonoya tayak tpart pj emk` pxomkmkn+ Opmtfo mt xaoll} yax}tdmakpmimd+ Imxtp fa to}t7 Poca pfa ~fjla xatrjktmhmlmp} jk}j xtali+ Tadjk`l} fa to}t7 Ha nxopai l pj ayax}jka+ Kj~pfop kjhj`} mt xatrjktmhla ijx }j x emtax} avdarp }j , mi mp mtoll }j x j~k `jmkn, pfak ~fop mt laip:

Opmtfo, o H ``fmtp ejkc dxa`mpa` ~mpf xaijxemkn Pmhapok

H ``fmte, fo` o lmia tmemlox pj Tfoc}oe km H ``fo,olpfj nf fa lmya` kaoxl} imipaak dakp xmat oipax H ``fo+ Hjxkmkpj o xj}ol ioeml} mk pfa dmp} ji Ymcxoeor xo, Tj pfaotp Haknol, Opmtfot roxakpt nxjjea` fme pj mkfaxmp pfacmkn`je ixje fmt iopfax+ Ymcxoeor xo fo` haak jka ji pfaaoxl} dakpaxt ji H ``fmte, taxymkn ot pfa dakpax ijxH ``fmtp d lp xa+

Opmtfo mt xaoll} yax} tdmakpmimd+ Imxtp fa to}t7 Poca pfa ~fjlaxatrjktmhmlmp} jk }j xtali+ Tadjk`l} fa to}t7 Ha nxopai l pjayax}jka+ Kj~ pfop kjhj`} mt xatrjktmhla ijx }j x emtax}avdarp }j , mi mp mt oll }j x j~k `jmkn, pfak ~fop mt laip:

Ot pfa polc djkpmk at àlya àarax mkpj pfa lmia ji Opmtfo+

Ljya

Pojtfjh ``fo


9/60


POJTFJHQ@@FO HQ@@FMTP TAXMAT Rona =

Hmxpf ok` aoxl} lmia

pmfo @mrokcoxo Tfxmgkoko &=62%68 ?218%10 D+A+-o H ``fmtp paodfax ixje pfa Rolo Aermxa ~fj,oljkn ~mpf Cjkdfjn N}olrj ok` Eoxro, hadoea

jka ji pfa eogjx imn xat mk pfa atpohlmtfeakp ji pfa Toxeolmkaonat mk Pmhap oipax pfa xarxattmjk ji H ``fmte h} Cmkn

Lokn`oxeo &Nlokn @oxeo-+ Opmtfo mt jka ji pfa xoxa eotpaxt+Fa mt xoxa mk pfa takta pfop fa ~ot po nfp h} pfxaaaklmnfpaka` eotpaxt mk o``mpmjk pj ?1> eotpaxt pfop faodq mxa`+ Mp fot kayax forraka` haijxa+ Oltj mp mt yax} xoxapfop o eotpax mt pxomka` h} pfxaa eotpaxt+ Opmtfo mt o nmip ixje Mk`mo pj Pmhap g tp ot Hj`fm`foxeo mt Mk`mot nmip pjDfmko+

H p pfa ejeakp fmt ljya hadoea odpmya fa tpoxpa` ejymknpj~ox`t Pmhap, ot mi o nxaop eonkap ~ot r llmkn fme pfaxa+ Mkpfa Fmeolo}ot fa oppomka`+ Mp ~ot pfaxa mk Fmeolo}ot pfop Opmtfo hadoea aklmnfpaka` ok` pfak fa kayax doea hodc pjMk`mo+ Fa ejya` pj~ox`t Pmhap, fmt ljya tfj~axa` jk Pmhap+Fa pxoktijxea` pfa ~fjla q olmp} ji Pmhapok djktdmj tkatt+Fa ~ot o emxodla ~jxcax3 ~foptjayax fa pj dfa` ~ot


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POJTFJHQ@@FO HQ@@FMTP TAXMAT Rona ?2

pxoktijxea` mkpj njl`+ Fa ~ot jka ji pfa nxaopatp oldfaemtptpfa ~jxl` fot ayax ckj~k+

Opmtfo mkpxj` da` Tayak Rjmkpt ji Emk` Pxomkmkn ot pfai kòeakpol paodfmkn pfop fa noya pj Pmhap+ Pmhap mtmkimkmpal} mkàhpa` pj Opmtfo+

Opmtfo mt xaoll} yax} tdmakpmimd+ Imxtp fa to}t7 Poca pfa ~fjlaxatrjktmhmlmp} jk }j xtali+ Tadjk`l} fa to}t7 Ha nxopai l pj

ayax}jka+ Kj~ pfop kjhj`} mt xatrjktmhla ijx }j x emtax}avdarp }j , mi mp mt oll }j x j~k `jmkn, pfak ~fop mt laip:

Mp fot forraka` mk e} dota+ E} hmxpf ~ot dfjtak pj ha mk pfadjerok} ji o Koqtfhok`m Tfamcf T im Hxmg Ejfok Lol ijx pfadjkpmk opmjk ji e} ~jxc ok` pfa gj xka} ji pxoktijxeopmjk+Eok} pfmknt ixje pfa rxaymj t hmxpf pfop ~axa laip mkdjerlapa kaaà` pj ha djerlapa` ok` eoà oyomlohla pjf eokmp}+ Mk pfmt ioeml} pfaxa ~axa pfxaa eotpaxt+ Pfaxa~ot pxaeak`j t jrrjxp kmp} ijx pxoktijxeopmjk ok` pfadjkpmk opmjk ji pfa ~jxc+ Hado ta ji pfa pmea pfop ~otdfjtak ijx pfa hmxpf M dj l` kjp ha hjxk pj pfa roxakpona ji T im Hxmg Ejfok Lol ok` Tfoc kpolo @aym pfop M otrmxa` pfaejtp+ Tpmll M djktmàxa` e} nxokèjpfax ot e} ejpfax t hdjktdmj tl}+ Mp forrakt ~fak o eotpax akpaxt àopf

djktdmj tl} fa fot ixaa`je pj dfjjta fmt roxakpt mk pfa kavp lmia+ Tmkda M dj l` kjp ha hjxk pj pfmt roxakpona pfa tfamcfdfjjta fmt ò nfpax N}opxm ok` tjk mk lo~ Loctfem Tofomot e} roxakpt+ Pfmt ~o} M xaeomka` kàx fmt doxa ok` oltjpfa `jjxt ji tolyopmjk ~axa jrak ijx e} hmjljnmdol roxakpt+Op pfa pmea M ~ot hjxk e} roxakpt ~axa pjpoll}jyax~falea` h} pfa djktdmj tkatt ji pfa Tfamcf dj rla+


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POJTFJHQ@@FO HQ@@FMTP TAXMAT Rona ??

Op pfa ona ~fak Pojtfjh ``fo ~ot jkl} amnfp ejkpft jl`pfa T im eotpax pxoktiaxxa` pfa Tadxapt ji pfa Njlàk Ilj~axjx pfa Emk` Taol ji o H ``fo jkpj ea+ Ixje ?=1? kpml ?=11M xaeomka` kàx pfa trmxmp ol doxa ji Koqtfhok`m HxmgEjfok Lol+ Mp ~ot ` xmkn pfmt raxmj` ayax} kmnfp M tlarp ~mpffme ok` roxpmdmropa` mk yoxmj t tponat ji ea`mpopmjkt+ Mp ~otpfaxa pfa mk~ox` gj xka} djkpmk a`+ Pfmt mki ta` ayax}pfmknmkpj kdjktdmj t lo}ax pj t xioda ot pfa mk~ox` gj xka}djkpmk at+ Oipax ?=11 M ~ot r p kàx pfa doxa ji jpfax

Koqtfhok`m Eotpaxt T im Tfoc kpolo @aym ok` T im JkcoxKopf ok` jpfaxt+ Mk pfmt djerok} t xioda` oll pfop ~otmki ta` mk pfa kdjktdmj tkatt pj pfa t xioda: Pfa djerok}ji pfata eotpaxt rxjya` ot dopol}tp+ Kjp jkl} pfata eotpaxtjpfax eotpaxt ~axa aq oll} mktpx eakpol mk pxomkmkn+

Pj ha o `mtdmrla ji pfxaa aklmnfpaka` eotpaxt mt tmerl}khalmayohla+ Jka aklmnfpaka` eotpax mt akj nf+ Opmtfo

xaemkà` ea ji e} hmxpf ot fa ~ot po nfp h} pfxaaaklmnfpaka` eotpaxt+ Pfmt tpjx} fot o eaporfjxmdoltmnkmimdokda oltj+ Ok` mp mt hjpf px a ok` fmtpjxmdol pjj+

Opmtfo, o H ``fmtp ejkc dxa`mpa` ~mpf xaijxemkn PmhapokH ``fmte, fo` o lmia tmemlox pj Tfoc}oe km H ``fo,olpfj nf fa lmya` kaoxl} imipaak dakp xmat oipax H ``fo+ Hjxk

mkpj o xj}ol ioeml} mk pfa dmp} ji Ymcxoeor xo, Tj pfaotp Haknol, Opmtfot roxakpt nxjjea` fme pj mkfaxmp pfacmkn`je ixje fmt iopfax+ Ymcxoeor xo fo` haak jka ji pfaaoxl} dakpaxt ji H ``fmte, taxymkn ot pfa dakpax ijxH ``fmtp d lp xa+

Olpfj nf Opmtfo fo` o laknpf} doxaax ot o paodfax op pfaH ``fmtp Djllana, Ymcxoeotmlo, fmt lmia r xrjta la` fme pj


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Pmhap+ Oipax eocmkn o òknaxj t p~j }aox gj xka} jyax pfaFmeolo}o Ej kpomkt pj Pmhap op ok alàxl} ona, Opmtfo trakp pfa xaeomkmkn }aoxt ji fmt lmia xaymymkn Pmhapok H ``fmte+Fa lmya` kpml tayakp} p~j }aoxt jl`, foymkn àyjpaìmipaak }aoxt pj fmt ~jxc mk Pmhap, akpaxa` àopf mk ?218 D+A+


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Dfml`fjj` ok`Xakqkdmopmjk ji

Rxmkdal} Lmia

k aotpaxk Mk`mo, mk pfa lok` ji Gofjx, mk pfa dmp} ji Hoknolo, mk pfa Njlàk Hokkax Roloda, lmya` CmknCol}oko pfa Njj` ok` _ aak Rxohfoyopm pfa Xo`mokp+

Pfa xj}ol roloda ~ot dxj~ka` ~mpf pfmxpaak njlàk xjjit,jka tap opjr pfa jpfax, ok` eonkmimdakpl} o`jxka` ~mpf81,222 njlàk hokkaxt+ Mp ~ot t xxj kà` h} dj kplattroxct, rjjlt, ok` hao pmi l noxàkt+ Pfa cmkn`je ~ot ot xmdfot pfa okdmakp, jr lakp `}kotpmat ji Dfmko+ Fmt iopfaxCol}oko Tfxm rxatmà` ot pfa cmkn ji Haknol ok` fmt ejpfax~ot Rxohfoyopm+

Pfa xj}ol dj rla fo` pfxaa tjkt, Roèonoxhfo,Dfok`xonoxhfo , ok` Tfxmnoxhfo+ Mp ~ot pfmt tadjk` rxmkda,~fj nxa~ r pj hadjea j x mll tpxmj t paodfax, Opmtfo &Gj%hj xga `Rol%lòk O%pm%tfo- &=68%?210 DA-+ Jka ji pfxaa xj}olhxjpfaxt, Dfok`xonoxhfo doea pj ha ckj~k ot Opmtfo+ ^fakfa pxoyala` pj Pmhap ok` akdj kpaxa` pfa cmkn Gokndf h


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&H}okn Df h J`-, fa xadamya` pfa koea ji Opmtfo, o Pmhapokxaiaxakda pj raoda+

Opmtfo, hjxk mk =62 % 68 D+A+ mk Yogxo}jnmkm ymllona,Hmcxoer xo, pfa kjxpfaotpaxk xanmjk ji Haknol &ljdopa` mkejàxk ò} Hoknloàtf-, lmya` pj pfa ona ji tayakp} % p~j+Pfa }aox =62 oltj to~ o eogjx rj~ax tfmip mk Haknolm rjlmpmdtot pfa xat xnakp Rolo `}kotp} tamwa` djkpxjl ji pfa xanmjk,`mtrjtmkn ji pfa mkd ehakp Coehjgo x laxt+ Opmtfo ~ot hjxk

mkpj xj}olp}, fmt xj}ol tpop t rjttmhl} tpaeemkn ixje jka ji pfjta p~j djkpaerjxokaj t djkpak`mkn rj~axt+

Pfa dmp} ji Ymcxoeor xo, Opmtfo hmxpf rloda, taxya` ot pfadormpol ji pfa okdmakp cmkn`jet ji Tj pfaotp Haknol, rxatakp ò} E ktfmnokg @mtpxmdp ji Hoknloàtf+ Ok aoxl} dakpax ji H ``fmtp d lp xol, odoàemd, ok` rjlmpmdol lmia, Ymcxoeor xotpmll dalahxopat mpt faxmpona pjò}+ Tmemlox pj Tfoc}oe kmH ``fo, Opmtfo fo` haak hjxk mkpj xj}olp}3 pfa roloda ji fmtdfml`fjj` orpl} koea` pfa Njlàk Hokkax Roloda+ Mp fo` onjlàk ymdpjx} hokkax akdmxdla` h} dj kplatt fj tat ok`pfaxa ~axa nxaop k ehaxt ji hopfmkn rjjlt akdmxdla` h}>82 eonkmimdakp noxàkt, ijxatpt ji Polo pxaat, tayakdjkdakpxmd ~ollt, 494 djkkadpmkn hxm`nat, mkk eaxohlanjlàk ymdpjx} hokkaxt, pfmxpaak xjjit pj pfa dakpxol roloda

ok` pfj tok`t ji kjhlaeak+

Pxo`mpmjkol oddj kpt jipak àtdxmha pfa rxmkdat hmxpf ot oko trmdmj t jx rxjemtmkn armtjà+ Ijx avoerla, ~fak Opmtfofo` haak hjxk ilj~axt xomka` `j~k rjk pfa dmp} ji Ymcxoeor xo, o xomkhj~ dokjr} orraoxa`, ok` pfa nj`ttokn f}ekt ~fmdf hxj nfp gj} pj oll pfa rajrla+ Pfa meonaji ilj~axt iollmkn ixje pfa tc} orraoxt mk pfa armtjà ji


15/60



Tfoc}oe km H ``fot oppomkeakp ji Aklmnfpakeakp, ok`pfa aeaxnakda ji o xomkhj~ dokjr} t}ehjlmwat pfaxamkdoxkopmjk ji o Hj`fmtoppyo+ Ejtp merjxpokpl}, pfaoxxmyol ji Opmtfo hxj nfp daxpomk forrmkatt pj takpmakp hamknt+ Pfa aiiadp ji Opmtfot hmxpf djxxatrjk`t `mxadpl} ~mpfpfa H ``fmtp djkdarp ji à`mdopmkn jkat lmia pj pfa rlmipmknok` aklmnfpakeakp ji oll djktdmj t hamknt+

^fak Opmtfo ~ot amnfpaak ejkpft jl`, fmt roxakpt fal` fmt

imxtp r hlmd o `makda op pfa ljdol paerla, Coeolor xm+^mpfj p ok} mktpx dpmjk, fa rxjtpxopa` pj pfa yakaxohlajhgadpt mktmà ok` trjkpokaj tl} xadmpa`, Hado ta ji pfadjerottmjk ji e} roxakpt, M foya oppomka` o rxadmj t f eoklmia xmdf ~mpf pfa jrrjxp kmp} pj yma~ oll }j nxaop imn xat+ Mtfoll ol~o}t poca ixje }j e} toia `mxadpmjk &xai na- mk lmia+Rajrla ixje oll jyax pfa xanmjk nopfaxa` pj ~mpkatt fmtorraoxokda+ ^fak Opmtfo laoxka` ixje fmt roxakpt ji pfadxj~`t tpop t ot fmt j~k t hgadpt, fa rxo}a` pfop pfa} eo}ha rjttatta` ji eaxmp lmca pfop ji fmt roxakpt, x lacmkn`jet pfop xaodf pfa t eemp ji rxjtraxmp}, ha xahjxk ottjkt ji cmknt ok` ha t tpomka` h} fjl} ok` ymxp j t àa`t+^fak mkpxj` da` pj fmt xj}ol t hgadpt j ptmà, fa rxo}a` pjxaolmwa fmt i llatp rjpakpmol mk jxàx pj topmti} pfamx ayax}kaa`+ Fa oltj rxo}a` pj ha ohla pj poca pfa xjhat ji o

trmxmp ol taacax ~fj fot xakj kda` ioeml} lmia, kayax pj harxj `, ok` ol~o}t pj foya djerottmjkopa t}eropf} ok`ljymkn djkdaxk ijx jpfaxt+ Pfmt ~ot ejtp avpxojx`mkox} ijxt df o }j kn dfml`+

T df ok mkpaxrxapopmjk ji Opmtfot imxtp r hlmd orraoxokda,ij k` mk H ``fmtp pavpt ok` fmtpjxmdol oddj kpt, tpxjknl}xamkijxdat p~j dxmpmdol djerjkakpt ji H ``fmtp rfmljtjrf}+


16/60



Pfa tpjx} djkya}t Opmtfo ot o trmxmp oll} o`yokda` ok`xalopmyal} aklmnfpaka` mk`mym` ol op jkl} amnfpaak ejkpftjl`+ Ot t df, pfa rxmkda odq mxa` akj nf eaxmp pfxj nfymxp j t odpmjkt mk rxaymj t lmyat pj hadjea o yakaxopa`rxmkda ok` aklmnfpaka` jka+ Opmtfot cmk`katt pj~ox`t fmtt hgadpt ok` kjk oppodfeakp pj~ox`t fmt ioeml} nmyataymàkda ji fmt tpopa ji aklmnfpakeakp+

Emxxjxmkn pfa lmia ji Tfoc}oe km H ``fo, pfa }j kn rxmkda

`mtrlo}t o kop xol dorodmp} ijx t~mip laoxkmkn ok` pfarxodpmda ji @foxeo ayak op o }j kn ona+ Fa fo` hadjea~all yaxta` mk otpxjljn}, ~xmpmkn ok` Toktcxmp h} pfa onaji pfxaa+ Ok` h} pfa ona ji pak fa ~ot ohla pj `mtpmkn mtfhap~aak pfa H ``fmtp ok` kjk%H ``fmtp `jdpxmkat, ok`~j l` ayakp oll} hadjea o eotpax ji pfa paodfmknt ji Eofo}oko, Fmko}oko, ok` Yogxo}oko H ``fmte kàx pfan mòkda ji jyax ?22 `miiaxakp mktpx dpjxt+ Ot pmea ~akp Opmtfot ~mtf pj akpax pfa xalmnmj t lmia tpxaknpfaka`, h p fmtroxakpt màkpmima` fme ot pfa hxmnfpatp ji pfamx tjkt ok`kop xol t ddattjx pj rj~ax+ Op alayak }aoxt jl`, t xxj kà`~mpf pfa l v xmat ok` avpxoyonokda ji xj}olp}, Opmtfotroxakpt tj nfp pj imk` o hxmà ijx pfa rxmkda oejkn pfacmkn`jet kjhmlmp}+

Ot Opmtfo nxa~ jlàx, fmt ~mtf pj hadjea o eak`mdokp ejkcmkdxaota` ayak tpxjknax, h p fmt roxakpt fo` `miiaxakp avradpopmjkt+ Ji pfamx pfxaa tjkt, fa ~ot pfa hxmnfpatp, ok`pfa o trmdmj t jeakt op fmt hmxpf falra` djkymkda pfae pfop fa tfj l` ha pfa xj}ol t ddattjx+ Pfaxaijxa, ~fak pfa hj}xaodfa` alayak, pfa d tpjeox} ona ijx eoxxmona op pfop pmea,pfa} eoà alohjxopa rxaroxopmjkt ijx fme pj poca o hxmà+


17/60


POJTFJHQ@@FO HQ@@FMTP TAXMAT Rona ?>

Jk fmt ~a``mkn aya, pfa H ``fo%imn xa &}mòe- Poxoorraoxa` pj Opmtfo ymym`l} mk o `xaoe+ Tfa pjl` fme pfop ijx122 djktad pmya lmyat fa fo` haak o eak`mdokp ejkc ok`pfaxaijxa kjp pj foya ok} oppxodpmjk ijx pfa pxoktmpjx}rlaot xat ji pfmt ~jxl`+ Tfa avrlomka` pfop ok jx`mkox}raxtjk do nfp r mk pfae ~j l` ha xalopmyal} aot} pj xatd a,lmca o njop pxorra` mk q mdctok`+ H p, ot o xj}ol rxmkda, fa~j l` ha ot `miimd lp pj avpxodp ot ok alarfokp+ Pfa hj} pjl`kj jka ohj p pfmt `xaoe, h p jk jpfax nxj k`t dlayaxl}

avd ta` fmetali ixje pfmt eoxxmona+Foymkn imxel} xatjlya` pj imk` o trmxmp ol paodfax, h p pallmknfmt roxakpt fa ~mtfa` pj nj f kpmkn, Opmtfo kj~ laip pfaroloda ~mpf ?42 fjxtaeak+ Imxtp, fa eap mk pfa ijxatp pfafjl} Gapoxm, o eok ji pfa hxofemk rxmatpl} dotpa ~fj ~otlmymkn ot o H ``fmtp xadl ta+ Ixje fme, pfa }j kn Opmtfoijxeoll} oddarpa` o toia `mxadpmjk mk lmia ok` pjjc pfahj`fmtoppyo yj~t+ Pfmt fjl} eok pfak takp fme pj pfataq atpaxa` ejkotpmd kmyaxtmp} ji Kolokò ok` pfatrmxmp ol eotpaxHj`fmhfo`xo+

Opmtfo meea`mopal} tap jii ~mpf oll fmt fjxtaeak ok` pfaxa,ixje Hj`fmhfo`xo, fa onomk xadamya` pfa hj`fmtoppyo yj~tok` paodfmknt+ Fa ~ot kavp `mxadpa` pj pfa nxaop

Ym`}ocjcmlo ijx i xpfax mktpx dpmjk ok` pfak jk pj pfaioej t Oyo`f pmro + Pfmt loppax eotpax o`ymta` pfa hj} pjxap xk fjea, pxaop ayax}jka xatradpi ll}, h p px} pj taa pfa`xo~hodct ji t df o l v xmj t lmia ok` pfak xarjxp hodc+

Opmtfot roxakpt ~axa àlmnfpa` pj taa fme ok` pfj nfp op lotp fa ~j l` tappla `j~k, poca o ~mia, ok` rxaroxa ijx fmti p xa x la+ Fj~ayax, Opmtfo mkijxea` pfae pfop fa fo` mk


18/60



iodp njka mk taoxdf ji o trmxmp ol paodfax+ Fa djkiatta` pfop oll fa ~mtfa` ~ot pj lao` o q map, djkpaerlopmya lmia ok` fo`djea ijx raxemttmjk pj poca laoya ji fmt rxmkdal} ` pmat+

Tfjdca` op fmt ~jx`t, fmt roxakpt pxma` pj `mtt oà fme ixjelaoymkn h p oll mk yomk+ Pfa} tom` fa dj l` djehmka hjpf lmyatok` jiiaxa` pj h ml` taq atpaxa` ejkotpaxmat kaox pfaroloda ok` lap fme tp `}, iaa` pfa rjjx ok` tj jk+ Pfa}rlaoà` ~mpf fme kjp pj xap xk pj pfa ijxatp+ H p, Opmtfo pjl`

pfae fa fo` kjp pfa tlmnfpatp oppxodpmjk pj xj}ol lmia+ Pj ea,fa tom`, pfmt njlàk roloda mt kj `miiaxakp ixje o rxmtjk+ Pfarxmkdatt }j jiiax mt kj `miiaxakp ixje o ò nfpax ji pfaàejkt, pfa t~aap ijj` kj `miiaxakp ixje pfa xjppa` ilatf ji o `jn, ok` pfata topmk dljpfat ok` ga~alt oxa kj `miiaxakp ixje xont ixje pfa noxhona faor+ Ixje pfmt ò} jk~ox`t, Moe àpaxemka` pj lmya mk pfa ijxatp ok` tp `} op pfa iaap ji pfa eotpax Oyo`f pmro+ Oll M otc mt ijx tjea emlc, fjka}, ok`hxj~k t nox ok` M tfoll poca e} laoya+

Pfaxa ~ot kjpfmkn fmt roxakpt dj l` `j h p djktakp pj fmtxaq atp ok` tj Opmtfo xap xka` pj pfa ijxatp ~mpf pfatarxjymtmjkt ok` ok aehoxxottmknl} loxna akpj xona ji xj}oloppakòkpt ot pfa} mktmtpa` pj oddjerok} fme+ Oyo`f pmrokj~ takp pfa }j kn rxmkda pj pfa eotpax Xof lon rpo , jk

pfa Hlodc Ej kpomk, pj akpax pfa rxodpmda ji pokpxo+ Opmtfooxxmya` ~mpf oll fmt fjxtaeak ok` pjl` pfmt yogxo eotpax fj~fa fo` tp `ma` ~mpf eok} paodfaxt, h p tpmll ~ot kohla pjtfoca jii fmt hjkòna pj xj}ol lmia+ Xof lon rpo djkiaxxa`

rjk fme fmt imxtp aerj~axeakp, ~fmdf ~ot mkpj pfarxodpmda ji Fayogxo , o H ``fo imn xa ~mpf ~fmdf pj hjk`fmt emk`+ Fa pfak takp fme hodc pj pfa roloda ~mpf amnfp ji fmt `mtdmrlat, ij x eola ok` ij x iaeola, `xatta` tdokpml} mk


19/60


POJTFJHQ@@FO HQ@@FMTP TAXMAT Rona ?=

pfa hjka jxkoeakpt ji eofotm``fot, nxaop o`arpt ~mpfodp ol oppomkeakpt+

Ijx pfxaa ejkpft, Opmtfo tpo}a` mk pfa akymxjkt ji pfa roloda~mpf pfata tpxokna ka~ djerokmjkt, hafoymkn mk odjerlapal} kdjkyakpmjkol ok` j pxonaj t eokkax+ Mk pfaak`, fmt roxakpt ~axa ijxda` pj nmya r oll fjrat ijx pfamxrxadmj t tjk+ Pfmkcmkn fme pj foya njka eo`, pfa} noya i llraxemttmjk ijx fme pj laoya ~mpf fmt xopfax ktoyjx}%

ljjcmkn ixmak`t ok` ha njka jkda ok` ijx oll+


20/60



Tpq`mat mk Mk`mo ok`pfa Njlàk Mtla

pmtfo meea`mopal} xok hodc pj fmt eotpaxOyo`f pmro ok` kj~, ixje pfa ona ji p~akp} jkapj p~akp} imya, tp `ma` mkpaktmyal} pfa

Eo`f}oeoco em``la ~o} j pljjc ji xaolmp}+ @ xmkn pfmtraxmj`, fa oltj tp `ma` ~mpf eok} jpfax fmnfl}oddjerlmtfa` paodfaxt ok` hadoea avpxaeal} ~all yaxta` mkoll t}tpaet ji pokpxo rxodpmda+ Mk iodp, fa hadoea xopfaxrxj ` ji fmt ax `mpmjk ok` ialp fa ~ot xopfax dlayax ~mpfpfata fm`àk eaot xat pj rxjpadp pfa emk` ok` pfop fa foèotpaxa` oll pfamx pavpt+ H p pfak, fa xadamya` o r xa ymtmjkji o @ocmkm, o dalatpmol eomàk ~fjta ejyaeakpt oxa

kmeraà` h} mnkjxokda, ~fj fal` mk fax oxet eok}yjl eat jk pfa ayaxlotpmkn tpxaoet ji t df pokpxo t}tpaet+Tfa pjl` fme, Mk }j x lok`, pfaxa oxa jkl} o ia~ t df pavpt,h p mk j x lok` pfaxa oxa tj eok}+ Oipax pfmt, fmt rxmà ~otàilopa`+


21/60


POJTFJHQ@@FO HQ@@FMTP TAXMAT Rona 8?

Jka ò}, fa àdmà` pj nj jii ok` àyjpa oll fmt akaxnmat pjpfa pokpxo rxodpmdat mk jxàx pj xaolmwa fmt i llatp rjpakpmol mkfmt yax} lmia+ Fmt yogxo eotpax, Xof lon rpo, pfak orraoxa` mko `xaoe ok` o`ymta` fme kjp pj `j tj ok` àtaxp ayax}hj`},h p pj hadjea o eak`mdokp ejkc+ Fa tfj l` djkpmk a mk pfmteokkax ~mpf tpao`} rxodpmda ok` odfmaya raxiadp aklmnfpakeakp mk mpt ` a dj xta ji pmea+ Pf t, op pfa ona ji p~akp} kmka, Opmtfo xadamya` ixje pfa tpohla alàx,Tfmloxoctfmpo , pfa xjhat ji o trmxmp ol taacax ~fj fot

xakj kda` ioeml} lmia ok` ~ot nmyak pfa koea @mrokcoxoGkoko, Fa ^fjta @aar O~oxakatt Odpt ot o Loer+

@ xmkn fmt imxtp p~j }aoxt oipax pocmkn xjhat, Opmtfo tp `maòp pfa Ejkotpmd Qkmyaxtmp} ji Jòkpmr xm ~mpf pfa nxaop @foxeoxoctfmpo , pfa o pfjx ji pfa ioej t ljgjkn &hlj%th}jkn, emk`%pxomkmkn- pavp ijx dlaoktmkn j x oppmp àt, Pfa^faal ji Tfoxr âorjkt+ Pfa} ijd ta` jk oll pfa Fmko}okojx ejàtp%emkà` eaot xat pj poca ot o yafmdla lao`mkn pjlmhaxopmjk, h p Opmtfo ~ot ol~o}t `mttopmtima`+ Fa ljkna` ijxpfa iotpatp ~o} pj xaolmwa fmt i llatp rjpakpmol+

Fmt yogxo eotpax Xof lon rpo pjl` fme, Mp `jat kjp eoppaxfj~ eok} r xa ymtmjkt }j xadamya, }j e tp pxomk pjàyaljr doxmkn ljya, djerottmjkopa t}eropf}, ok` o

hj`fmdfmppo ome pjpoll} à`mdopa` pj hakaimpmkn jpfaxt ok` pjodfmaymkn aklmnfpakeakp+ Fa o`ymta` fme pj djeemp fmetali ~fjlafaoxpa`l} pj pfa H ``fo imn xa Oyoljcmpatfyoxo , pjhjk` fmt emk` dljtal} ~mpf fme ok` ~jxc pj hadjeaaklmnfpaka` tj pfop fa dj l` hatp ixaa ayax}jka ixjetoetoxo, kdjkpxjllohl} xad xxmkn avmtpakda+ Jkl} ~mpf pfmtodfmayaeakp ~j l` fa xaolmwa fmt i llatp rjpakpmol+


22/60



Op Yogxotoko, pfa Yogxo Taop, op ejàxk Hj`f No}o, ~fmladmxd eoeh lopmkn pfa nxaop tp ro xalmd ejk eakp ijxfjkjxmkn pfa H ``fo, Opmtfo faox` p~j tpop at ~fmtraxmknpj aodf jpfax mk o kmdfa jyaxfao`+ Jka otca` pfa jpfax, Mi }j ~mtf pj odfmayaAklmnfpakeakp ot q mdcl} ot rjttmhla,mk ~fop tfj l` }j pxomk: O pjpoll} à`mdopa` faoxp ji hj`fmdfmppo ~ot pfa xarl}+ Ok` ~fmla dmxd eoeh lopmkn pfad rjlo ji pfa ejk eakp, o tpop a ji H ``fo, pfaYokq mtfmkn Eotpax T xrottmkn Oll, trjca pj fme to}mkn, J

eak`mdokp ejkc, mi }j ~mtf pj xaolmwa }j x i llatp rjpakpmolq mdcl}, pxomk mk ljya, djerottmjk, ok` hj`fmdfmppo+

Op pfop pmea, pfa ejtp ioej t eotpax fjl`mkn pfa djerlapapaodfmknt jk fj~ pj àyaljr hj`fmdfmppo ~ot @foxeoeopm ,pfa T hlmea Paodfax ixje T yoxko`ymro, pfa Njlàk Mtla+Pf t, ~mpf o nxj r ji ?81 laoxka` ejkct, Opmtfo tap jii jk otfmr ji eaxdfokpt hj k` ijx pfa Njlàk Mtla, ejàxkT eopxo+ Mk pfjta ò}t o ljkn jdaok yj}ona ~ot kjp ok aot}oiiomx ok` pfa} fo` o roxpmd loxl} `miimd lp rottona ~mpftpjxet, ~folat, ok` ljtmkn pfamx ~o}+ Mp pjjc pfmxpaakox` j t ejkpft pj djerlapa pfamx gj xka}, h p Opmtfoxaeomka` kò kpa` pfxj nfj p+

^fak pfa} imkoll} lokà`, Opmtfo `m` kjp nj op jkda pj pfa

ioej t eotpax, h p tpo}a` mktpao` ijx o i ll p~j ~aact ~mpfo nxj r ji pfmt eotpaxt `mtdmrlat+ Fa rxj`à` pfae jyax okònomk ijx mkijxeopmjk ohj p pfamx paodfax ok` mktmtpa` jk fmti ll hmjnxorf}+ Pfmt tfj~t t pfa merjxpokda ji pfjxj nfl}avoemkmkn o trmxmp ol eotpax ok` dfadcmkn fmt jx faxq olmimdopmjkt haijxa njmkn pj tp `}+


23/60



Eaok~fmla, pfmt T hlmea Paodfax ixje pfa Njlàk Mtla fo`faox` ji pfa oxxmyol ixje Mk`mo ji pfa laoxka` tdfjlox ok` fmteak`mdokp djerokmjkt jk pfamx trmxmp ol q atp+ Faottaehla` fmt j~k djee kmp} ji ejkct ijx pfa ~aldjeaok` ~fak Opmtfo oxxmya`, pfa} raxijxea` pjnapfax eok}ijxeol daxaejkmat o trmdmj t ijx pfa i p xa+ Fa oltjrxatakpa` Opmtfo ~mpf o H ``fo tpop a ok` rxa`mdpa` pfop jka ò} fa ~j l` poea pfa emk`t ji pfa rajrla ji pfakjxpfaxk Lok` ji Tkj~+

Opmtfo tpo}a` mk pfa Njlàk Mtla ijx p~alya }aoxt, oym`l}pxomkmkn ~mpf pfmt eotpax+ Imxtp, fa tp `ma` O Imlmnxaa ji Xaolmwopmjkt &eKnjk%xpjnt xn}ok, Tcp+ Ohfmtoeo}o%oloecoxo- pfa Pxm erfokp Eompxa}ot n màlmka mktpx dpmjktijx iopfjemkn pfa Jekmtdmakp Jkat T pxot ji Iox%xaodfmkn@mtdxmemkopmkn O~oxakatt &Tfax%rf}mk%n}m e`j, Tcp+Rxogkoroxoempo T pxot-+ Fa pfak nxo` oll} xadamya` pfa i llpaodfmknt jk avpaktmya hafoymjx ixje pfa lmkaona ji Eompxa}o ok` Otokno, ot ~all ot pfjta ji pfa tradmol lmkaonajk avdfoknmkn talimtfkatt ijx djkdaxk ~mpf jpfaxt, ~fmdfpfa hj`fmtoppyo Tfokpmàyo, o trmxmp ol tjk ji pfaPxm erfokp, fo` xadamya` `mxadpl} ixje pfa akkjhlmkn,meraddohla Eokg tfxm fmetali+ Oipax Opmtfo nomka`, pfxj nfpfata eapfj`t, o i ll%xaolmwopmjk ji o hj`fmdfmppo ome, fa

xap xka` pj Mk`mo op pfa ona ji ijxp} imya ok` xatmà`pfaxaoipax ejtpl} op pfa taq atpaxa` ejkotpmd kmyaxtmp} ji Ymcxoeotfmlo+

Oll mk oll, Opmtfo tp `ma` ~mpf ?1> nxaop paodfaxt, h p fa fo`t df avdarpmjkol xayaxakda ijx pfmt eonkmimdakp paodfaxixje pfa Njlàk Mtla ok` pfa eaot xat fa meroxpa` pfop paoxt ~j l` ~all mk fmt a}at ~fakayax fa eakpmjka` jx


24/60



faox` fmt koea+ ^fak lopax otca` h} fmt Pmhapok `mtdmrlat mi pfmt `mtrlo} ji aejpmjk eaokp pfop fa ioyjxa` jka ji fmtpaodfaxt ohjya oll jpfaxt, Opmtfo xarlma`, M eoca kj`mtpmkdpmjkt oejkn oll e} trmxmp ol eakpjxt+ H p hado ta ji pfa cmk`katt ji e} t hlmea eotpax ixje pfa Njl`ak Mtla, Mfoya nomka` raoda ji emk` ok` pfa `a`mdopa` faoxp ji ohj`fmdfmppo ome+


25/60



Trmxmpqol pxomkmkn

pmtfot xatrjkta tfj~t pfa }j pft djeempeakp pjpfa r xt mp ji aklmnfpakeakp+ Jk pfa aya ji fmt~a``mkn, Opmtfo akdj kpaxa` pfa Yogxo}oko

nj`àtt, Poxo, ~fj djkpmk a` pj n mà fme pfxj nfj p fmtlmiapmea+ Poxo avrlomka` pj pfa rxmkda pfop mk fmt rotp lmyat fafo` haak o àyj p ejkc+ Fa tfj l` xatmtp pfa rlaot xat mkpfa ~jxl`+ Mi kjp, Poxo djkpmk a`, pfak ot ok alarfokp tmkct

àarl} mkpj pfa t~oer, SfaU, o faxj, S~j lÙ tmkc mk pfa emxaji l tp+ Poxot orraoxokda t}ehjlmwat pfa rxmkdatxaolmwopmjk ji fmt j~k coxemd rjpakpmol+ ^mpf pfop xayalopmjkmk emk`, Opmtfo xakj kda` fmt cmkn`je, ioeml}, ok` rjtmpmjkpj imk` o trmxmp ol paodfax+ Fa noya fmt roxakpt pfa avd ta ji njmkn jk o f kpmkn pxmr+

Opmtfo eoà pfa odq omkpokda ji pfa hxofemk Gapoxm, oH ``fmtp xadl ta ok` xakj~ka` paodfax+ Gapoxm po nfp pfa}j kn eok pfxaa pfmknt7 ?- Pocmkn xai na mk pfa PfxaaGa~alt ji H ``fo, 8- @foxeo ok` Toknfo, ok` 4-hj`fmdfmppo, àtdxmha` ot pfa emk` jxmakpa` otrmxopmjkpj~ox`t aklmnfpakeakp ~mpf pfa mkpakp ji hakaimpmkn olltakpmakp hamknt+ Qrjk a` dopmkn pfa }j kn Opmtfo mk pfahotmd rxmkdmrlat ji Eofo}oko H ``fmte, Gapoxm o`ymta` pfop


26/60



fa nj pj Kolokò, o H ``fmtp dakpax ijx laoxkmkn mkkjxpfaotpaxk Mk`mo+ Mk Kolokò, Opmtfo xadamya` jkda onomkhxmai mktpx dpmjk xanox`mkn pfa Hj`fmtoppyo yj~t kàx pfatrmxmp ol n mà Hj`fmhfo`xo, ~fj mk p xk o`ymta` fme pjtaac j p o paodfax xakj~ka` ijx fmt raxiadp ea`mpopmjk ji raxdamymkn aerpmkatt, Ym`}ocjcmlo+

Opmtfo oppomka` pfa ckj~la`na ji aerpmkatt ok` hadoeao~oxa ji r xa f eok kop xa+ Fa laoxka` ji pfa ixaa`je oll

takpmakp hamknt foya, o ixaa`je ixje rf}tmdol oppodfeakptok` eakpol hjkòna+ H ``fmtp koxxopmyat xadj kp jka tpjx}mk ~fmdf Opmtfo djeat odxjtt o ~jeak olpaxkopal} dx}mknok` lo nfmkn+ Djki ta` ~mpf fax hafoymjx, fa mkq mxat ohj p fax djk`mpmjk, ok` tfa xatrjkà`7

Jkat j~k emk` fot haak o H ``fo ixje pfa hanmkkmkn+ H}kjp ckj~mkn pfmt, nxaop djerlmdopmjkt ijllj~ ixje t df oteoll hota ji axxjx ijx f k`xa`t ji pfj tok`t ji takpmakp hamknt+ Kjp hamkn ohla pj haox pfa t iiaxmkn ijx tj eok}hamknt, M dx}+ Ok` pfak, M lo nf hado ta ~fak pfmt teoll hotmtji axxjx mt ckj~k~fak jka ckj~t jkat j~k emk`jkamt ixaa`+

Foymkn haak o kjhla ok` ~aolpf}, Opmtfot oppomkeakp ji

ixaa`je pjjc jk o nxaopax dfollakna+ Qrjk djerlapmkn fmtpxomkmkn ijx ea`mpopmjkt jk kjpfmknkatt ok` aerpmkatt,Opmtfo tp `ma` ~mpf Oyo`f pmro, o Yogxo}oko eotpax+ Faxaq mxa` pfa rxmkda pj imxtp djkt lp pfa Hlodc Ej kpomk ]jnm+Pfa Hlodc Ej kpomk ]jnm patpa` Opmtfo+ Imxtp, fa dotp olmnfpkmkn hjlp mk Opmtfot `mxadpmjk ot fa orrxjodfa`+ Fapfak nxokpa` pfa rxmkda pfmxpaak ò}t ji mktpx dpmjk,paodfmkn fme pfa Fayogxo lmkaona ok` hatpj~mkn fme ~mpf


27/60


28/60



Dfok`xocmxpm3 ok` pfa Lmkaona ji Rxjij k` Avraxmakdapxoktemppa` h} Yogxo`foxo*Pmljro, Koxjro k ehax ijxaejtp oejkn H ``fmtp lmkaonat fa tp `ma`, rxodpmda` ok`pxoktemppa`+


29/60


POJTFJHQ@@FO HQ@@FMTP TAXMAT Rona 8=

@mrokcoxo Tfxmgkoko

kjpfax pmea, o djkpak`mkn yjmda djkixjkpa` Opmtfoot fa rxaroxa` pj rxodpmda fmt pokpxo+ Pfa HlodcEj kpomk ]jnm orraoxa` pj fme mk o `xaoe,

o`ymtmkn fme pj poca fmt pmea pfxj nf tpao`} rxodpmda pjodfmaya pfa aklmnfpakeakp+ Xopfax pfok avpak` oll fmtrj~axt op jkda, pfa Hlodc Ej kpomk ]jnm ~oxka`, fa tfj làkàoyjx pj hadjea o trmxmp ol taacax ~fj fot xakj kdaìoeml} lmia, o ejkc+ Mk fmt p~akp} kmkpf }aox, pfa nxaop Tfmloxoctfmpo jxòmka` Opmtfo o ejkc+ Fa xadamya` o ka~koea ji @mrokcoxo Tfxmgkoko, eaokmkn Fa ^fjta @aarO~oxakatt Odpt ot o Loer+

Ayak ot o ejkc, @mrokcoxo Tfxmgkoko }aoxka` ijx pfa iotpatp ok` ejtp `mxadp eaokt ji oppomkmkn raxiadp aklmnfpakeakp+Fa eoà o rmlnxmeona pj Hj`fno}o ok`, ~fmla ~olcmkn

oxj k` pfa nxaop tp ro pfaxa, fa fo` o ymtmjk ji p~jeopaxmolmwopmjkt ji Poxo+ Jka otca` pfa jpfax pj koea pfaejtp merjxpokp rxodpmda ijx oppomkmkn aklmnfpakeakp+ Pfajpfax xarlma` pfop pfa rxodpmda ji hj`fmdfmppo, t rrjxpa` h}ljymkn cmk`katt ok` nxaop djerottmjk mt ejtp merjxpokp+Opmtfo à`mdopa` fmetali pj pfa kàxtpok`mkn ok` rxodpmdaji hj`fmdfmppo ixje pfop pmea+


30/60



Op pfa ona ji 4?, pfa ejkc oxxokna` ijx o raxmlj t gj xka},pxoyalmkn ijx pfmxpaak ejkpft pj T eopxo pj tp `} kàx pfaxar pohla T yoxko`ymrm @foxeoxoctfmpo, ckj~k mkPmhapok ot Taxlmknro o eotpax ji hj`fmdfmppo+ Qkàx pfan mòkda ji @foxeoxoctfmpo, Opmtfo xaeomka` jk pfa mtlok`ji T eopxo ijx p~alya }aoxt tp `}mkn hj`fmdfmppo+ Oipax jyaxo àdoà ji mkpaktmya pxomkmkn, @foxeoxoctfmpo o`ymtaÒpmtfo pj nj pj pfa kjxpf+ Mk pfa kjxpf mt pfa Lok` ji Tkj~t+@foxeoxoctfmpo xaiaxxa` pj Pmhap, o xanmjk ~mpf o H ``fmtp

pxo`mpmjk ijxayax dfokna` oipax pfa oxxmyol ji Opmtfo@mrokcoxo Tfxmgkoko+


31/60



Tqeopxo ok` Pmhap

aijxa gj xka}mkn pj Pmhap, Opmtfo xap xka` pj Mk`mo+Fa aoxka` ioea ot o àhopax, jk pfxaa jddotmjktàiaopmkn kjk H ``fmtp avpxaemtpt mk àhopa+

^fak fa doea mkpj djkpodp ~mpf ~fop fa raxdamya` pj ha oemtla` jx àpaxmjxopmkn ijxe ji H ``fmte fa ~j l` q mdcl}ok` aiiadpmyal} merlaeakp xaijxet+ Tjjk akj nf fa xadamyaòrrjmkpeakp pj pfa rjtmpmjk ji tpa~ox`, jx ohhjp, op pfayakaxohla H ``fmtp Djllana Ymcxoeotmlo, atpohlmtfa` h} pfa

Cmkn @foxeorolo ji Haknol+

Opmtfot xap xk ixje T eopxo ok` xmta pj rxjemkakda mkMk`mo djmkdmà` ~mpf o ilj xmtfmkn ji H ``fmtp d lp xa ok`pfa rxodpmda ji @foxeo mk pfa xanmjk+ Opmtfot mkil akdadjkpxmh pa` pj pfjta àyaljreakpt+ Ot @foxeoxoctfmpo fo`rxa`mdpa`, H ``fmte mk Pmhap àtraxopal} kaaà`xat tdmpopmjk+ Tjea Pmhapokt, ijx avoerla, halmaya` pfop apfmdol tali%`mtdmrlmka ok` pokpxo ~axa e p oll} avdl tmyaok` pfop aklmnfpakeakp dj l` ha odfmaya` pfxj nfmkpjvmdopmjk ok` yoxmj t ijxet ji tav ol emtdjk` dp+ Pfarjlmpmdoll} ktpohla x la ji Cmkn Loknòxeo fo` t rrxatta`Pmhapok H ``fmtet paodfmknt ok` raxtad pa` mpt ijllj~axtijx jyax tayakp} }aoxt+ O ka~ cmkn h} pfa koea ji Lfo Loeo]atfa ]j` rxjya` o tpxmdp halmayax mk @foxeo, tak`mkn fmt


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`mtdmrlat pj laoxk ok` pxoktlopa tjea ji pfa Toktcxmp H ``fmtp pavpt+ Konptj, ~fj tp `ma` Toktcxmp YmcxoeotmloDjllana, k ehaxa` oejkn pfae+ Fa rlaoà` ~mpf Opmtfo pjdjea paodf pfa @foxeo mk fmt fjealok`+

Opmtfo àdlmka` pfa jiiax pj djea xamkpxj` da pfa H ``fotpaodfmknt mk Pmhap+ Fa djktmàxa` fmetali pjj jl` ijx pfaxmnjxj t pxmr ok` fo` e df kimkmtfa` ~jxc op pfa ejkotpmddjllana+ Jk pfa ayakmkn oipax fa p xka` Opmtfo `j~k, Poxo

orraoxa` pj fme to}mkn pfop fmt pxmr pj Pmhap ~j l` haotpj k`mknl} t ddatti l+ Fa ~j l` nxaopl} fjkjx ok` ottmtp pfa Pmhapokt, imk` o à`mdopa` `mtdmrla, ok` i xpfaxdjkpxmh pa pj pfa trxao` ji @foxeo+ Fa ~j l` lmya mk pfapotc kpml tayakp} p~j }aoxt jl`+


33/60



Pmhap ok` Opmtfo

faxa fot kayax haak ok} `j hp ohj p Opmtfotkàxpocmkn mk Pmhap+ Rxjrfadmat ji fmt àroxp xa

hanok ~mpf @foxeoxoctfmpo mk T eopxo, ijllj~mknOpmtfo pj fmt ymtmjk ji Poxo+ @ xmkn fmt pxoyalt odxjtt pfaraxmlj t Fmeolo}ot, pfa Pmhapok tdfjlox Konptj yon al}xaolmwa` pfop SU emxod lj t eokmiatpopmjkt ottmtpa` ea mkok kmkpaxx rpa` ilj~+ Konptj xaiaxxa`, ~fapfax fa cka~ mp jx kjp, pj Oyoljcmpatyoxo.t djkpmk ol ottmtpokda pfxj nfj p

fmt pxmr pj Ymcxoeotmlo+ Opmtfot p~j%}aox gj xka} pj Pmhap eo} ha mkpaxrxapa` ~mpfmk pfa H ``fmtp pxo`mpmjk ot oi limlleakp ji àtpmk}+

Mk Pmhap, Opmtfo imxtp tpo}a` op Knoxm+ Pfa Cmkn t rrjxpa` fmt~jxc pj hxmkn H ``fot paodfmkn pj pfa rajrla+ @ xmkn pfapfxaa }aoxt Opmtfo trakp mk pfmt pj~k, fa ~xjpa ~fop hadoeapfa eomk hj`} ji fmt paodfmkn, O Loer ijx pfa Ropf pjAklmnfpakeakp, ok` eap pfa `mtdmrla Poxo, @xjepjkro+

Oddjx`mkn pj Goenjk Cjknpx l, ~fak Opmtfo `mtdjyaxa` pfatpjxa ji Toktcxmp pavpt op Racox Cjx`wjlmkn, pfa lmhxox} ji Toe}a Opmtfo tom`7 pfop pfa ànxaa pj ~fmdf pfa Yogxo}okofo` trxao` mk Pmhap ~ot kroxollala`, ayak mk Mk`mo+ Oipaxto}mkn pfmt, fa xayaxakpl} ijlà` fmt fok`t ok` rxomta` pfa


34/60



nxaop `foxeo cmknt, pxoktlopjxt, ok` rok`mpt ji pfa rxaymj tdakp xmat+

Oipax tpo}mkn ijx pfmxpaak }aoxt mk Pmhap, Opmtfo `ma` mk ?218D+A+, mk o ymllona dolla`Lapfok , kaox Lfoto+ Pfa tmpa ji fmtlotp xmpat op Lapfok fot p xka` mkpj o tfxmka+ Fj~ayax fmtotfat ~axa hxj nfp pj @foco, Hoknlo`atf jk G ka 86, ?=>6,ok` rloda` mk @foxeoxogmco Ho ``fo Ymfoxo+


35/60



^xmpmknt

pmtfo ~xjpa, pxoktlopa` ok` a`mpa` ejxa pfok p~jf k`xa` hjjct+ Fa `mtdjyaxa` tayaxol Toktcxmp eok tdxmrpt mk Pmhap ok` djrma` pfae+ Fa

pxoktlopa` hjjct ixje Toktcxmp pj Pmhapok+ Fa oltj ~xjpatayaxol hjjct jk H ``fmtp tdxmrp xat, ea`mdol tdmakda ok`padfkmdol tdmakda mk Pmhapok+ @mrokcoxo ~xjpa tayaxol hjjctmk Toktcxmp, h p jkl} pfamx Pmhapok pxoktlopmjkt t xymya`+Tayakp} kmka ji fmt djerjtmpmjkt foya haak rxataxya` mk

Pmhapok pxoktlopmjk mk pfa Pakn} x &htpok%tn} x-+ Fmt ejtp kjpohla hjjct oxa7

?+ Hj`fm%ropfo%rxo`mro,8+ Dfox}o%toknnxofo%rxo`mro3 djkpomkt tjea cmxpok yaxtatdjerjta` h} Opmtfo+4+ Top}o%`yo}oyopoxo0+ Hj`fm%toppyo%eok}oyolm1+ Eo`f}oeoco%xopko%rxo`mro9+ Eofo}oko%ropfo%to`foko%toknnxofo>+ Tfmcto%toe dfdfo}o Ohfmtoe}o6+ Rxogko%roxoempo%rmk`oxpfo%rxo`mro=+ Acoymxo%to`foko?2+ Ymeolo%xopko%lacfo7 o Toktcxmp lappax pj Ko}orolo,cmkn ji Eono`fo+


36/60



Lanod}

pmtfo tpok`t ot ok merjxpokp imn xa mk pfa PmhapokH ``fmtp pxo`mpmjk ijx tayaxol xaotjkt+ Imxtp, faxaimka`, t}tpaeopmwa`, ok` djermla` ok mkkjyopmya

ok` pfjxj nf orrxjodf pj hj`fmdfmppo ckj~k ot emk`pxomkmkn &Pmh+ ljgjkn-+ Fa djkya}a` pfop paodfmkn pfxj nf OLoer ijx pfa Ropf pj Aklmnfpakeakp, ok` jpfax pavpt+ Opmtfoatpohlmtfa` pfa rxmeod} ji hj`fmdfmppo ijx pfa Eofo}okopxo`mpmjk mk Pmhap+ Opmtfo lmya` fmt paodfmkn+

Tadjk`, oipax Cmkn Loknòxeot mkpjlaxokp xamnk, pfaejkotpmd H ``fmtp pxo`mpmjk ji Pmhap fo` haak kaoxl} ~mra`j p+ Opmtfot dljtatp `mtdmrla, @xjepkro, hadoea pfaij kàx ji pfa Coòe Tdfjjl, ~fmdf lopax ayjlya` mkpj pfaNal n, ot jka ji pfa ij x eomk tdfjjl ji Pmhapok H ``fmte+Pfa Coòe*Nal n rxjya` dakpxol pj ejkotpmdmte ok` pfa

ljgjkn paodfmknt, mkdjxrjxopmkn mkpj pfa jpfax pfxaatdfjjlt%pfa K}mkneo, Con} , Toc}o%ot ~all+

Pfmx`, Opmtfo ejhmlmwa` fmt mkil akda mk Mk`mo pj xaijxedjxx rp rxodpmdat ok` pj xaijxe H ``fmte, pfa kopmyadj kpx} ji pfa Tfoco} em H ``fo+ Ijx pfjta xaotjkt, Opmtfoxaeomkt o dakpxol imn xa mk pfa fmtpjx} ok` xalmnmj t tp `} ji H ``fmte+


37/60


POJTFJHQ@@FO HQ@@FMTP TAXMAT Rona 4>

Pfa pfxaa eotpaxt pfop Opmtfo xaeomka` ~mpf ijx eok} }aoxt~axa7 imxtp, @foxeocmxpm, o nxaop H ``fmtp e}tpmd+ Fa po nfp fme kj%emk`, fa po nfp fme aerpmkatt, fa po nfp fme fj~pj ha pfj nfplatt, fa po nfp fme fj~ pj `xjr oll djkpakp ixje pfa emk` ok` ha djkpakplatt+ Pfa tadjk` eotpax ~ot@foxeoxoctfmpo, okjpfax H ``fmtp e}tpmd+ Fa po nfp fmeljya, djerottmjk+ Ok` pfa pfmx` eotpax ~ot ]jnmk Eompxa}o,okjpfax H ``fmtp e}tpmd+ Fa po nfp fme pfa oxp ji pocmkn pfa

t iiaxmkn ji jpfaxt ok` ohtjxhmkn mp mkpj }j x j~k faoxp7ljya mk odpmjk+

Pfmt dj l` forrak hado ta oll pfata pfxaa eotpaxt ~axanxaop ixmak`t+ Pfa} fo` tpoxpa` pfamx taoxdf pjnapfax3 ~fmlapfa} ~axa jk pfa ~o} pfa} fo` xaeomka` pjnapfax, ok`~fak pfa} oppomka` pfa} ~axa tpmll pjnapfax+

Opmtfo hadoea o `mtdmrla ji @foxeocmxpm+ @foxeocmxpm tom` pjfme, M ~mll paodf }j pfa imxtp rxmkdmrla+ Ok` ijx pfa tadjk`}j nj pj @foxeoxoctfmpo, ok` ijx pfa pfmx` pj ]jnmkEompxa}o+ Pfmt ~o} }j ~mll ckj~ oll pfa pfxaa iodat ji pfa

lpmeopa xaolmp}, pfa pfxaa iodat ji Nj` pfa pxmkmp}, pfaPXMEQXPM+ Ok` pfmt ~o} }j ~mll laoxk aodf ioda ixje pfaraxtjk ~fj mt pfa ejtp raxiadp mk mp+

Pfata oxa pfa pfxaa ~o}t rajrla xaodf pj pfa lpmeopa+ Mi }jxaodf pfxj nf aerpmkatt }j oppomk pfa jpfax p~j oltj, h p }j x ropf xaeomkt hotmdoll} pfop ji aerpmkatt }j ckj~ejxa ohj p aerpmkatt, tj aerpmkatt ~mll ha aerfotmwa` mk~foptjayax }j paodf+


38/60



Pfop mt ~fop forraka` mk H ``fot dota+ Fa fo` oppomka`pfxj nf aerpmkatt, fakda fmt ~fjla paodfmkn hadoeaaerpmkatt%jxmakpa`+ Pfaxa mt kj Nj` mk H ``fot paodfmkn,hado ta Nj` mt o pfj nfp, djkpakp, ok jhgadp+ Nj` mt pfajpfax, ok` H ``fo fo` oppomka` h} `xjrrmkn pfa jpfax+H ``fo fo` oppomka` h} aerp}mkn fmt emk` pjpoll}, fakdapfaxa mt kj rloda ijx Nj`, kj rloda ijx ok}pfmkn op oll+ Fmtropf mt pfa r xatp YMO KANOPMYO+

Pfop ~ot oltj pfa dota ~mpf @foxeocmxpm+ Fa ~ot pfa raxiadp eotpax ji aerpmkatt, o eotpax rox avdallakda ji aerpmkatt+Ok` ~fak Opmtfo fo` laoxka` fj~ pj ha aerp}, pfa eotpaxtom`, Mp ~mll ha happax ijx }j pj nj pj @foxeoxoctfmpo ijxpfa kavp tpar, hado ta fa fot oppomka` ixje o pjpoll}`miiaxakp ropf+ G tp ot }j dok xaodf Ayaxatp ixje `miiaxakp tmàt, fa fot xaodfa` ixje o pjpoll} `miiaxakp ropf, pfa ropfji djerottmjk+ M dok oltj paodf }j pfa ropf ji djerottmjk,h p e} ckj~mkn ohj p pfop ropf mt jkl} ckj~k ixje pfa pjr+

M foya xaodfa` pfxj nf pfa ropf ji aerpmkatt+ Jkda }jxaodf pfa pjr, }j dok ljjc `j~k op oll pfa ropft, pfa} oxa olloyomlohla pj }j x ymtmjk+ H p pj ijllj~ o ropf mk mpt `miiaxakp `meaktmjkt, pj ijllj~ o ropf mk oll mpt àpomlt, teoll àpomlt, mto pjpoll} `miiaxakp pfmkn+ Ok` pj ljjc op mp ixje o falmdjrpax

jx ixje pfa ej kpomk pjr mt daxpomkl} o `miiaxakp ymtmjk3 mp mt o hmx`t a}a yma~+

Ok` @foxeocmxpm tom`, Mi pfaxa fo` haak kjhj`} oyomlohlafaxa, M ~j l` foya po nfp }j pfa jpfax pjj+ H p ~fak o eoklmca @foxeoxoctfmpo mt g tp faxa, e} kamnfhjx, lmymkn mkokjpfax doya g tp kaoxh}, mp mt happax }j nj pj fme+


39/60



Imxtp jka fot pj hadjea aerp}, ppaxl} aerp}+ H p }j foyakjp pj dlmkn pj aerpmkatt3 jpfax~mta }j x lmia ~mll kayaxckj~ pfa rjtmpmya avrxattmjk ji xalmnmjk+ ]j x lmia ~mll emttpfa rjapx}, pfa gj} ji tfoxmkn3 }j ~mll xaeomk aerp}+ ]j~mll foya o cmk` ji ixaa`je, h p }j x ixaa`je ~mll ha jkl}ixaa`je ixje, mp ~mll kjp ha ixaa`je IJX+ Ok` klatt oixaa`je mt hjpf ixaa`je ixje ok` ixaa`je ijx tjeapfmkn mt emttmkn, tjeapfmkn mt lodcmkn3 }j x ixaa`je~mll ha rjjx+ G tp pj ha ixaa ixje mt o rjjx cmk` ji ixaa`je+

Pfa xaol ixaa`je tpoxpt jkl} ~fak }j oxa ixaa ijx+ ]j doktmkn o tjkn ok` }j dok òkda o òkda ok` }j dok dalahxopaok` }j dok tpoxp jyaxilj~mkn+ Pfop.t ~fop djerottmjk mt+Eok lmyat mk rottmjk+ ^fak pfa emk` `mtorraoxt, rottmjk mtpxoktijxea` mkpj djerottmjk+ Rottmjk eaokt }j oxa ohannox ~mpf o hannmkn%hj~l3 }j oxa otcmkn ok` otcmkn ijxejxa ok` ejxa ixje ayax}hj`}3 }j oxa avrljmpmkn jpfaxt+]j x xalopmjktfmrt oxa kjpfmkn h p avrljmpopmjkt %% d kkmknàymdat pj rjttatt pfa jpfax, yax} dlayax tpxopanmat pj`jemkopa+

^fak }j oxa lmymkn mk pfa emk`, mk rottmjk, }j x ~fjla lmiamt rj~ax rjlmpmdt+ Ayak }j x ljya }j x tjdmol taxymda, okàyak }j x f eokmpoxmok ~jxct, oxa kjpfmkn h p rj~ax

rjlmpmdt+ @aar `j~k, pfaxa mt o àtmxa pj ha rj~axi l jyaxjpfaxt+

Pfa toea akaxn}, ~fak pfa emk` mt `xjrra`, hadjeatdjerottmjk+ Ok` mp pocat o pjpoll} ka~ p xk+ Mp mt kj ljknaxhannmkn3 }j hadjea ok aeraxjx, }j tpoxp nmymkn+ Kj~ }jfoya tjeapfmkn }j fo` mp ol~o}t, h p hado ta ji pfaemk`, }j ~axa kjp o~oxa ji mp+ Pfa emk` ~ot i kdpmjkmkn


40/60



lmca òxckatt oxj k` }j , ok` }j ~axa ko~oxa ji pfa lmnfp ~mpfmk+ Pfa emk` ~ot dxaopmkn ok mll tmjk ji hamkn o hannox,~fmla oll pfa pmea }j fo` haak ok aeraxjx+ Pfa emk` ~otdxaopmkn o `xaoe3 mk xaolmp} }j kayax kaaà` ok}pfmkn+ Ollfo` olxao`} haak nmyak+ Oll pfop }j kaa`, oll pfop }j dokkaa` mt olxao`} pfa dota+

Nj` mt ~mpfmk }j , h p hado ta ji pfa emk` mpt `xaoemkn, ok`àtmxmkn }j kayax ljjc ~mpfmk, ok` }j nj jk x tfmkn

j p~ox`t+ ]j caar }j xtali mk pfa hodcnxj k`, }j x a}atoxa p xka` pj~ox`t pfa j ptmà, ok` pfa} foya hadjeaijd ta` pfaxa+ Pfop mt ~fop pfa emk` mt oll ohj p7 ijd tmknpfa a}at jk pfa j ptmà+

Ok` jka fot pj laoxk fj~ pj ha kijd ta` ixje pfaxa fj~ pjeoca pfae ljjta, latt xmnm`, ok` ejxa lmq m`, tj pfop pfa} dokp xk mk~ox`t+ Jkda }j foya taak ~fj }j oxa, pfa hannox`mtorraoxt+ Mk iodp mp fo` kayax avmtpa`+ Mp ~ot g tp o `xaoe,ok mào+

Pfa emk` mt dxaopmkn oll }j x emtax}+ ^mpf pfa emk` njka,emtax} mt njka pjj, ok` t `àkl} }j oxa i ll ji akaxn}+ Ok`pfa akaxn} kaa`t avrxattmjk, ok` tfoxmkn+ Mp ~okpt pjhadjea o tjkn, o òkda, ok` o dalahxopmjk+ Pfop mt

djerottmjk7 }j tpoxp tfoxmkn+

Pfata Tayak Rjmkpt ji Emk` Pxomkmkn oxa pfa i kòeakpolpaodfmkn pfop fa noya pj Pmhap+ Opmtfo mt jka ji pfjta nxaop nmipt+ Pmhap mt mkimkmpal} mkàhpa` pj pfmt eok+

Pfata tayak rjmkpt, pfa teollatp pxaopmta }j dok imk`, oxa ji meeakta yol a+ ]j ~mll foya pj ea`mpopa jyax aodf


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tpopaeakp+ Pfa} oxa pfa ~fjla ji xalmnmjk djkàkta`7 }j~mll foya pj kijl` aodf tpopaeakp+ Pfa} oxa lmca taa`t, otpfa} djkpomk e df+ Mp eo} kjp ha orroxakpl} tj, h p pfaejeakp }j ejya mkpj pfa tpopaeakpt àarl}, ~fak }jdjkpaerlopa ok` ea`mpopa ok` tpoxp avraxmeakpmkn ~mpfpfae, }j ~mll ha t xrxmta`+ ]j ~mll ha njmkn mkpj pfanxaopatp o`yakp xa ji }j x lmia+

Emk` pxomkmkn mt ok} eapfj` pfop merlokpt o tap ji màot,

raxtradpmyat, ok` avraxmakdat pfop ~jxc pj `mteokplafohmp opa` roppaxkt ji hafoymjx, aejpmjk, ok` raxdarpmjk+Pfa emk` pxomkmkn rxatakpa` faxa rlokpt pfa taa` ji djerottmjk ok` k xp xat mpt nxj~pf mkpj pfa pxaa ji o~ocakmkn emk` &hj`fmdfmppo- kpml mp hljttjet mkpjrxatakda ok` pfa aiijxplatt odpmymp} pfop falrt jpfaxt pj~oca r ok` ha rxatakp mk pfamx lmyat, pjj+


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Fj~ `jat emk`

pxomkmkn ~jxc:

mk` pxomkmkn ~jxct lmca p~j tpmdct x hha`pjnapfax pj eoca imxa+ Jka tpmdc djktmtpt ji pfa

raxtradpmyat ok` `mtdmrlmka ji emk` pxomkmkn3 pfajpfax mt djerjta` ji pfa rxjgadpmjkt ok` `}koemdt ji fohmp opa` roppaxkt mk }j + Rxodpmda nakaxopat ixmdpmjk pfopdo tat hjpf tpmdct pj h xk r+

Pocmkn ok` tak`mkn

Pocmkn ok` tak`mkn &Mk Pmhapok7 npjkn+lak, rxjkj kda`pjknlak- mt o tradmimd padfkmq a ta` mk emk` pxomkmkn pj

k`axemka pfa roppaxk ji tali dakpaxa`katt pfop dfoxodpaxmwat roppaxk hota` avraxmakda+ Mp mt hota` jk pfaejxa nakaxol padfkmq a ji eakpoll} avdfoknmkn jkatavraxmakda ~mpf pfa avraxmakda ji jpfaxt+ Pocmkn ok`


43/60



tak`mkn rxjymàt o tmerla aiiadpmya eapfj` pj doxx} pfmtmkpakpmjk mkpj oll otradpt ji jka.t lmia+

^faxa `jat emk` pxomkmkn djea ixje: Taxlmknro jx@foxeocmxpm, Opmtfo, ok` Dfaco~o

Pfa pxo`mpmjk ji Eofo}oko emk` pxomkmkn hanmkt mk Mk`mo,rxjhohl} oxj k` 822%422 D+A+ Mp ~ot daxpomkl} mk i ll ilj~axh} pfa pmea ji Tfokpmàyo, ~fj eocat avpaktmya ta ji mp mk

fmt Hj`fmdfox}oyopoxo+Pfa padfkmq a ji pocmkn ok` tak`mkn mptali mt t oll} pxoda`pj Taxlmknro &@foxeocmxpm-, o eotpax ~fj lmya` mkMk`jkatmo+ Opmtfo xadamya` mktpx dpmjk ixje fme mk hjpfemk` pxomkmkn ok`pocmkn ok` tak`mkn ok` hxj nfp pfatapaodfmknt pj Pmhap mk pfa ??pf dakp x}+

Emk` pxomkmkn ~ot jxmnmkoll} o tadxap pxoktemttmjk, po nfp jkl} pj tp àkpt ~fj fo` o rxjyak dorodmp} ok` tmkdaxmp} ijxrxodpmda+ Dfaco~o ]atfa @jxga &??28%??>9- ijx ~fje pfarxodpmda fo` tradmol tmnkmimdokda, djerjta` pfa tayak rjmkptok` po nfp pfae jrakl}+

Pfa pfxaa eotpaxt pfop Opmtfo xaeomka` ~mpf ijx eok} }aoxt

~axa7

Imxtp7 @foxeocmxpm,o nxaop H ``fmtp e}tpmd+ Fa po nfp fmekj%emk`, aerpmkatt, fj~ pj ha pfj nfplatt, ok` fj~ pj `xjroll djkpakp ixje pfa emk` pj ha ixaa ixje ok} djkpakp+

Tadjk` eotpax ~ot @foxeoxoctfmpo, okjpfax H ``fmtp e}tpmd+ Fa po nfp fme ljya, djerottmjk+


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Pfmx` eotpax ~ot ]jnmk Eompxa}o , okjpfax H ``fmtp e}tpmd+ Fa po nfp fme pfa oxp ji pocmkn pfa t iiaxmkn ji jpfaxt ok` ohtjxhmkn mp mkpj fmt j~k faoxp7 ljya mk odpmjk+

Pfmt dj l` forrak hado ta oll pfata pfxaa eotpaxt ~axanxaop ixmak`t+ Pfa} fo` tpoxpa` pfamx taoxdf pjnapfax3 ~fmlapfa} ~axa jk pfa ~o} pfa} fo` xaeomka` pjnapfax, ok`~fak pfa} oppomka` pfa} ~axa tpmll pjnapfax+

Opmtfo hadoea o `mtdmrla ji @foxeocmxpm imxtp+@foxeocmxpm pjl` Opmtfo, M ~mll paodf }j pfa imxtp rxmkdmrla+ Ok` ijx pfa tadjk` }j nj pj @foxeoxoctfmpo,ok` ijx pfa pfmx` pj ]jnmk Eompxa}o+ Pfmt ~o} }j ~mllckj~ oll pfa pfxaa iodat ji pfa lpmeopa xaolmp}, pfa pfxaaiodat ji Nj` %% pfa pxmkmp}, pfa PXMEQXPM+ Ok` pfmt ~o}}j ~mll laoxk aodf ioda ixje pfa raxtjk ~fj mt pfa ejtp raxiadp mk mp+

Ok` mk iodp p~j eotpaxt oxa kjp taroxopa ixje jka okjpfax+Pj ha o eotpax merlmat jka fot xaodfa` pj pfa yax} tj xda ji dxaopmjk+ Pfmt mt ~fop aklmnfpakeakp eaokt xaodfmkn pfatj xda ok` `~allmkn pfaxa ot ~all+ Fj~ayax oipaxaklmnfpakeakp pfa eotpax dfjjtat o roxpmd lox imal` pj

jraxopa ok` tmkda j x a}a mt ji pfa j pax ~jxl` ~a taa pfa`miiaxakda hap~aak eotpaxt+


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Mkympmkn Opmtfo pj Pmhap

ipax Opmtfot xap xk pj Mk`mo, fa rxjpadpa` ok`rfal` pfa Pxm erfokp Jkat follj~a` @foxeo h}

pfxaa pmeat àiaopmkn mk ijxeol àhopa kjk%H ``fmtp avpxaemtpt+ ^mpfmk pfa H ``fmtp ijl`, faatpohlmtfa` eok} mktpmp pat ji laoxkmkn ~faxayax fapxoyala`, ok` ~fakayax fa to~ tmnkt ji ànakaxopa jxemtmkijxea` rxodpmdat, fa ~j l` meea`mopal} xaijxe pfae+Fmt ioea trxao` pfxj nfj p Mk`mo+ Hado ta ji fmtdjerottmjk ok` mktmnfp, fa ~ot xayaxa` ot pfa dxj~kmknga~al ji pfa ax `mpa eotpaxt+ Fa djkiaxxa` pfa nxaopatp hakaimp, fj~ayax, jk pfa rajrla ji Pmhap, pfa Lok` ji Tkj~+

Olpfj nf pfa H ``fo @foxeo fo` haak hxj nfp pj Pmhap tayaxol dakp xmat aoxlmax pfxj nf pfa aiijxpt rxmeoxml} ji N x Xmkrjdfa Roèotoehfoyo &N %x Xmk%rj%dfa Ro`%eoh} kn%nkot- ok` tayaxol jpfaxt, pfmt aoxl} ilj~axmknt iiaxa` o nxaop taphodc ` a pj xarxattmjk h} CmknLoknòxeo &Nlokn%òx%eo- &694 =29 DA-+ Ia~rxodpmpmjkaxt ~axa laip ok` oipax~ox`t eok} rjmkpt ~axa kj


46/60



ljknax rxjraxl} kàxtpjj`+ Eok} ialp pfop pfa rxodpmdat ji apfmdol tali%`mtdmrlmka ok` pokpxo ~axa e p oll} avdl tmyaok` pfop aklmnfpakeakp dj l` ha odfmaya` pfxj nfmkpjvmdopmjk ok` yoxmj t ijxet ji tav ol emtdjk` dp+ Jpfaxthalmaya` pfop lmca~mta djkpxo`mdpjx} ~axa pfa paodfmknt ji Fmko}oko ok` Eofo}oko, lao`mkn xatradpmyal} pj lmhaxopmjkok` aklmnfpakeakp+

To`àka` h} pfmt ànakaxopa djk`mpmjk, pfa Pmhapok cmkn

]atfa}%~j &]a%tfat j`- ~mtfa` yax} tpxjknl} pj mkympa olaoxka` eotpax ixje jka ji pfa nxaop ejkotpmd dakpaxt ji Mk`mo pj djea pj Pmhap ok` dloxmi} pfa djki tmjk+ Kjp ckj~mkn tradmimdoll} ji Opmtfo, fa takp p~akp} jka }j kneak pj tp `} Toktcxmp ok` ljdopa o t mpohla eotpax+ Oll h p p~j `ma` ji pfa faop+ Qkohla pj mkympa ok}jka, h p foymknlaoxka` pfa lokn ona, pfa ka~ pxoktlopjxt Xmkdfak%woknrj&Xmk%dfak hwokn%rj- &=16 ?21? DA- ok` Lantfo} &Lant%htfo`- xap xka` pj pfa cmkn ok` mkijxea` fme ohj p Opmtfo+

Ot tjjk ot fa faox` fmt koea, pfa cmkn àdmà` pfop pfmtOpmtfo ~ot pfa raxtjk ~fj ~ot kaaà`+ ôtpmkn kj pmea, fatakp o tadjk` roxp} ji kmka, faoà` h} N}optjktakn &xN}ohxptjk%nx t takn%na-, ~mpf e df njl` pj mkympa pfmt eotpax+H p pfa amnfp djerokmjkt `ma` ot ~all ok`, kohla pj hxmkn

Opmtfo, N}optjktakn tpo}a` jk mk Mk`mo+ ^fak ka~t ji pfmttadjk` ioml xa xaodfa` ]atfa}%~j, fa àdmà` pj lao` okavra`mpmjk fmetali pj djlladp ejxa njl` ijx }ap okjpfaxroxp}+ H p jk pfmt emttmjk, fa ~ot dorp xa` jk pfa Karolatahjxàx h} pfa xmyol Cmkn ji Noxljn &Nox%ljn, _oxl q-, ~fj~mtfa` pj rxayakp pfa i xpfax trxao` ji H ``fmte mk Pmhap+


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Cmkn ]atfa}%~jt karfa~, Gokndf h%~j, ~ot mkijxeaàmpfax pj nmya r pfmt emttmjk pj Mk`mo jx pj xomta ok oej kp ji njl` aq ol pj pfa tmwa ji fmt kdla mk jxàx pj tad xa pfafjtponat xalaota+ Pfa karfa~ pxoyala` ohj p pfa cmkn`je,h p ~ot jkl} ohla pj djlladp njl` aq ol pj pfa Cmknt pjxtjok` lmeht+ Fa dj l` kjp xomta pfa o``mpmjkol njl` ijx fmtfao`+ ^fak pfa Noxljn x lax àeokà` pfa i ll eaot xa ji xoktje, pfa karfa~ xaq atpa` raxemttmjk pj taa fmt kdla+

Fa ~ot pocak pj o òxc rxmtjk dall akdljta` h} mxjk hoxt+Pfaxa fa avrlomka` pfa tmp opmjk pj fmt kdla, ~fj ~ot mkdfomkt ok` yax} ixoml, ok` tom` fa ~j l` djkpmk a pj taoxdfijx pfa xaeomkmkn njl`+ @j kjp nmya r fjra, fa pjl` fmt

kdla, ijx M tfoll xomta pfa xoktje+ M dj l` ~ona ~ox ~mpfpfmt Noxljn cmkn, h p eok} ~j l` ha cmlla`+ H }mkn }j xixaa`je taaet hatp+

E} àox karfa~, pfa ona` Cmkn xarlma`, M kayax avradpa`}j pj foya t df djerottmjk ok` ~mt`je+ M oe rlaota` pfop }j kàxtpok` pfa aymlt ji ymjlakda, h p kj~ }j e tp ijxnap ohj p ea+ Mktpao`, ta oll pfa njl` }j foya djlladpa`pj mkympa pj Pmhap pfa nxaop eotpax Opmtfo+ M foya `ma`dj kplatt pmeat mk rxaymj t lmyat, h p M oe t xa M foya kayaxhaijxa todxmimda` e}tali ijx pfa Pxm erfokp Jkat @foxeo+

Kj~ M oe yax} forr} pj `j tj+ ^fjeayax }j tak` pj Mk`mo,rlaota foya fme pall Opmtfo pfop M foya nmyak e} lmia ijx pfa~alioxa ji e} t hgadpt ok` pfa @foxeo tj pfop fa dj l` hahxj nfp pj Pmhap+ Olpfj nf M foya kjp fo` pfa ijxp ka pjeaap fme pfmt lmiapmea, M foya iaxyakp fjrat pfop M dok mk pfai p xa+ Pfa karfa~ t hemppa` pj fmt kdlat djeeok` ok`àroxpa`, kaoxl} jyaxdjea h} nxmai+


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Gokndf h%~j, kj~ hadoea Cmkn ji Pmhap+ Fa àdmà` pfop pfahatp raxtjk fa dj l` tak` jk pfmt pfmx` emttmjk ~j l` hapfa pxoktlopjx Konptj &Kon%eptfj Lj%pto%ho-, ~fj foòlxao`} haak pj Mk`mo tayaxol pmeat+ Pfa ka~ cmkn mkympa`fme pj pfa roloda ok`, mktmtpmkn pfop pfa pxoktlopjx tmp jk pfaxj}ol pfxjka, rlaoà` ~mpf fme+ E} kdla `ma` tj pfop Opmtfodj l` ha mkympa` pj Pmhap+ Mi fmt ~mtf mt kjp i limlla`, pfapxj hla` rajrla ji pfmt lok` ~mll t xal} ioll mkpj paxxmhlaxahmxpft+ M han }j pj toya pfata kijxp kopa hamknt+ Pfa

}j kn cmkn pfak hxjca `j~k ok` ~arp+ Konptj fo` kjdfjmda h p pj oddarp ok` hxoya pfa fox`tfmrt ji }ap okjpfaxgj xka} pj Mk`mo+

Pfa pxoktlopjx tap jii ~mpf >22 njl` djmkt ok` tmvdjerokmjkt+ Pfa Cmkn atdjxpa` pfae ijx tayaxol ò}t ok`,haijxa pocmkn fmt laoya, xaemkà` Konptj pj pall Opmtfo, Pfmtmt pfa lotp ji pfa njl` mk Pmhap ok` e} kdla ~ot pfa lotp ji Pmhapt nxaop eak+ Mi fa fot ok} djerottmjk ijx jpfaxt, fae tp djea+ Mi pfa hoxhoxmokt ji Pmhap foya t df djkdaxk ijxpfa @foxeo ok` fa fot kjka, pfak H ``fmte fot mkàa`~aocaka` ok` pfaxa mt kj fjra/ Pfa Cmkn pfak p xka` hodcpj fmt roloda+

Jk pfa ~o} pj Mk`mo, pfa àlanopmjk eap o }j kn hj} ~fj

otca` pfa r xrjta ji pfamx gj xka}+ ^fak pjl`, fa ~ot yax}rlaota` ok` tom`, ]j ~mll ha t ddatti l mk }j x q atp mi }jol~o}t xadmpa pfmt rxo}ax,M eoca jhamtokda pj ok` pocatoia `mxadpmjk ixje Oyoljcmpatfyoxo+ M xaq atp pfop pfaPxm erfokp Jkat @foxeo ilj xmtf mk Pmhap+ ^fak otca`~fj fa ~ot, pfa hj} tom` pfa} ~j l` imk` j p mk ` a pmea+


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Ayakp oll}, pfa pxoyalaxt xaodfa` pfa taq atpaxa` ejkotpmdkmyaxtmp} ji Ymcxoeotfmlo lopa jka kmnfp ok` doera` op pfa

nopat+ Mk o xjje ohjya, lmya` N}optjktakn, pfa Pmhapok ~fjfo` la` Cmkn ]atfa}%~jt tadjk` emttmjk+ ^fak fa faox`yjmdat traocmkn fmt kopmya pjkn a, fa ljjca` `j~k ~mpfnxaop t xrxmta ok`, taamkn pfa roxp} doera` halj~, otca`~f} pfa} fo` djea+ Pfa Pmhapokt avdmpa`l} xalopa` pfamxtpjx}, ok` ayak `mtdljta` pfop pfa r xrjta ji pfamx emttmjk~ot, mk iodp, pj hxmkn Opmtfo fmetali hodc pj Pmhap+

N}optjktakn ~oxka` pfae kjp pj xayaol pfamx omet tjjrakl}+ Fa o`ymta` pfae pj laoya pfamx njl` ~mpf pfa hj}rjtpa` op pfa nopa ok` djea pj taa fme mk pfa ejxkmkn+ Pfapxoyalaxt `m` tj ok` pfa teoll hj} pjl` pfae pj xatp ok` pjpx tp fme+

Aoxl} pfa kavp ò}, pfa lo` ~jca pfae ok` otca` ~f} pfa}fo` djea+ ^fak pfa} pjl` fme ayax}pfmkn, pfa hj} tom`dxjttl}, ]j Pmhapokt polc pjj e df/ ]j e tp caar pfmtq map+ Jpfax~mta, pfaxa ~mll ha e df mkpaxiaxakda+ Merjxpokp pfmknt tfj l` kayax ha `jka mk fotpa, h p ol~o}t tlj~l},doxai ll}, ok` mk tadxap+ Fa pfak xap xka` pfamx njl` djmktok` la` pfae mkpj pfa akjxej t ejkotpmd nxj k`t+

Pfa roxp} eap ok jl` eok ~fj nxaapa` pfae ok` otca`

~faxa pfa} ~axa ixje ok` ~f} pfa} fo` djea+ Onomk, pfa}eoà kj oppaerp pj fmà ok}pfmkn ok` pfa jl` eok tdjlà`pfae, Mi }j djkpmk a mk`mtdxaapl} lmca pfmt, }j ~mll kayaxoddjerlmtf }j x njol+ Pall }j x emttmjk jkl} pj Opmtfo+ Fapfak jiiaxa` pj tfj~ pfae pj N}optjktaknt xjje+ Olpfj nffa ~olca` tlj~l} ~mpf o doka, kj jka dj l` caar r ~mpffme, ijx fa pjj, lmca pfa teoll hj}t haijxa, ~ot ok aeokopmjkji Oyoljcmpatfyoxo, jyaxtaamkn pfamx emttmjk+


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Kj~ pfa Pmhapokt àdmà` jk o rlok ji odpmjk+ N}optjktaknpjl` pfae pj to} pfa} fo` djea pj tp `} Toktcxmp+ J x dfmai ohhjp, pfa alàx Xopkocoxo, mt Opmtfot t raxmjx ok` xanox`tfme yax} fmnfl}+ Mi fa faoxt ji }j x xaol r xrjta, fa ~mlleoca t xa }j kayax ayak eaap Opmtfo+

Pfa kavp ejxkmkn, pfa} xarjxpa` pj pfa Ohhjp ok` rxatakpa`fme ~mpf foli pfamx njl` djmkt+ Pfa} pjl` fme pfop mk pfa rotp eok} ji pfamx dj kpx}eak fo` djea pj Mk`mo taacmkn pj

mkympa pj Pmhap t df ax `mpa eotpaxt ot Opmtfo+ Fj~ayax, pfa}fo` djea pj tp `} ok` hadjea laoxka` pfaetalyat+ Pfayakaxohla alàx ~ot nxaopl} xalmaya` ok` tom`, H} oll eaokt`j pfop+ @j kjp emt kàxtpok`+ Mp mt kjp pfop M foya kjdjerottmjk ijx Pmhap, h p Opmtfo mt jka ji j x ejtp fmnfl}xaolmwa` eotpaxt, atradmoll} mk paxet ji fmt hj`fmdfmppo+ Mi fa`jat kjp xaeomk mk Mk`mo, pfaxa mt kj fjra ijx pfa H ``fotpaodfmknt pj ha rxataxya` mk pfamx hmxpfrloda+ Pfa Ohhjp,fj~ayax, ~ot tpmll fmnfl} t trmdmj t ji pfata ijxamnkaxt ok`rxayakpa` pfae ixje eaapmkn Opmtfo+

Pfa Pmhapokt, djkymkda` pfop pfamx rlj} fo` ~jxca`, hanokpj oppak` dlottat ok` hmà` pfamx pmea+ Oipax tayaxol ejkpft,ok merjxpokp ejkotpmd daxaejk} ~ot fal`+ Ot ayax}jka ~otxaq mxa` pj oppak`, pfa pxoyalaxt fjra` pfop op lotp pfa}

~j l` dopdf o nlmerta ji Opmtfo+ Ot pfa} ~opdfa` ok`~ompa`, eok} nxaop eotpaxt eoà pfamx akpxokda+ Tjea, lmcapfa ioej t Koxjro, doea t xxj kà` h} o f na xapmk a+Jpfaxt ~axa rxadaà` h} oppakòkpt haoxmkn ilj~axt ok`mkdakta+ Imkoll}, Opmtfo oxxmya`+ Fa ~ot `xatta` mk jl`poppaxa` xjhat, ~mpf pfa dforal ok` tpjxafj ta ca}t pma` pjfmt ~omtp+ Pfa Pmhapokt ~axa tjxal} `mtorrjmkpa` ~mpf fmt

kmerxattmya orraoxokda ok` otca` N}optjktakn mi pfa}


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52/60



px l} hakaimp jpfaxt+ Fa ~j l` foya pj imk` tjea dlayaxeaokt pj jhpomk laoya ixje fmt tfxa~` ohhjp+

Imxtp, fa otca` raxemttmjk pj eoca rmlnxmeonat pj pfa aotp,tj pf, ok` ~atp ji Ymcxoeotfmlo+ Pfmt ~ot nxokpa` ok` faymtmpa` o k ehax ji fjl} rlodat+ Fa pfak otca` pj eoca otmemlox gj xka} pj pfa kjxpf, h p pfa Alàx, taktmkn fmtfm`àk ejpmya, xai ta`+

Pfa Pmhapok àlanopmjk ~ot pfxj~k mkpj nxaop àtromx ok`àdmà` pfa jkl} fjra ~ot pj pall pfa Ohhjp pfa akpmxa px pf+Pfa tpohla Alàx rxapakà` pj ha oknx}, ok` pfa Pmhapoktmeea`mopal} iall pj pfamx ckaat ok` rlaoà` ijx ijxnmyakatt+E} xaotjkt ijx kjp ~mtfmkn pj nmya }j Opmtfo oxa pfa toeaot haijxa, pfa Ohhjp hanok, h p hado ta pfa kaa` ji Pmhap mttj nxaop, M oe ~mllmkn pj lap fme xaeomk mk }j x lok` ijx pfxaa}aoxt+ Fj~ayax, }j e tp rxjemta pj xap xk fme pj Mk`mooipax pfop pmea+ Jyax~falea` ~mpf gj}, pfa Pmhapokt rla`na`pfamx ~jx`+


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Xaijxemkn ok`Xaympolmwmkn @foxeo mk

Pmhap

f t, op pfa ona ji imip} pfxaa, Opmtfo tap j p jk pfaljkn gj xka} pj pfa Lok` ji Tkj~+ Jk xj pa, pfapxoktlopjx N}optjktakn iall mll ok` `ma`+ Mk nxmai,

Opmtfo `adloxa`, Kj~ e} pjkn a fot haak d p j p/ PfakKonptj f ehl} hj~a` haijxa fme ok` tom`, Rlaota `j kjp ~jxx}+ Olpfj nf e} Toktcxmp mt kjp raxiadp, mp ~mll t xal}merxjya+ Pfaxa oxa jpfaxt ot ~all ~fj eo}ha dok taxya}j +

Mk Karol, pfa} eap pfa nxaop a}a jrakmkn pxoktlopjx Eoxro

&Eox%ro Lj%pto%ho- &?2?8 ?2== DA-, ~fj ~ot jk fmt ~o} pjMk`mo ijx pfa pfmx` pmea+ Opmtfo mkympa` fme pj ha fmtmkpaxrxapax, h p Eoxro avd ta` fmetali h} to}mkn, Mp ~ot e}paodfaxt ~mtf pfop M ymtmp Mk`mo pfxaa pmeat+ Kj~, M e tp eoca pfmt imkol gj xka}+ Pfa} oltj eap pfa ona` pxoktlopjxXmkdfak%woknrj, h p fa pjj ~ot kohla pj falr+ Ot }j doktaa h} pfa ~fmpa fomx jk e} fao , fa tom`, M oe yax} jl`+ Mfoya ~jxca` oll e} lmia ~mpfj p ayax pfa dfokda ijx `jmkn


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mkpaktmya rxodpmda+ Pf t, Opmtfo ~akp jk, ijxda` pj xal} jkKonptjt lmempa` tcmllt+

Oipax p~j }aoxt ji pxoyal, pfa roxp} imkoll} oxxmya` mk QrraxPmhap &tPj`, ~atpaxk Pmhap- op pfa dmp} ji Knoxm &eKno%xm-pfa dormpol ji ]atfa}%~jt cmkn`je+ Hjpf pfa fj tafjlàxtok` pfa ejkct ijxea` o nxok` rxjdattmjk ok` mkympaÒpmtfo pj tpo} op pfa kaoxh} taq atpaxa` ejkotpax}+ PfaMk`mok eotpax ~ot jyaxgj}a` op pfmt akpf tmote ijx pfa

Pxm erfokp Jkat paodfmknt ok` ~ot nxaopl} t xrxmta` op pfa k ehax ~fj fo` pocak pfa xjhat ji o trmxmp ol taacax+Eok} laoxka` rajrla doea ixje oll jyax Pmhap+ Fa ~ot tjmerxatta` ~mpf pfa rxji k`mp} ji pfamx q atpmjkt djkdaxkmknpfa Tona H ``fot t pxot ok` pokpxot pfop fa ~jkàxa` ~f}pfa} fo` njka pj tj e df pxj hla pj mkympa fme ~fak pfaxa~axa olxao`} tj eok} eotpaxt+ Fj~ayax, ~fak fa q mwwa`pfae hodc ot pj fj~ pfata p~j tapt ji rxayakpmya eaot xatijxea` ok mkpanxol ~fjla, pfa} ~axa kohla pj okt~ax+Opmtfo kj~ cka~ pfa r xrjta ji fmt emttmjk+

Jka ò}, Cmkn Gokndf h%~j xaq atpa` o paodfmkn ijx pfarajrla ji Pmhap+ â `j kjp ~okp jka jk eaot xat pfop oxatj yotp ok` rxjij k` ~a tfoll ha kohla pj o`jrp pfae, fatom`+^fop ~a kaa` mt tjeapfmkn pfop ~mll poea j x

emk`t ok` akohla t pj àol ~mpf j x ayax}ò}mer ltmya hafoymjx &coxeo- ok` mpt xat lpt+ Rlaota paodf

t pfa eaot xat }j }j xtali poca+

Opmtfo ~ot tj akdfokpa` h} pfa tmerlmdmp} ok` tmkdaxmp} ji pfa Cmknt xaq atp pfop mk lopax }aoxt fa xaiaxxa` pj fme ote} avdallakp `mtdmrla+ Fo` fa haak otca` ijx o`yokdaàerj~axeakpt mkpj pokpxmd àmp} t}tpaet jx ijx rxodpmdat


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xadjnkmpmjk hado ta ji pfamx dljta hjk` ixje rxaymj tlmyat+ @xjepjkro eoà rxjtpxopmjk ok` Opmtfo, jiiaxmknfme pfa hoxla} docat, tom`, Faxa mt }j x l kdf+ ]j e tp ha yax} f knx}+ Pfa lo}eok opa pfa docat ok` ta` pfah ppax pj eoca o h ppax % loer jiiaxmkn pj fmt ka~l}ij k` trmxmp ol eotpax+ Ixje pfop pmea jk~ox`t, fajiiaxa` t df o loer aodf kmnfp ~mpfj p ioml+

Oipax Opmtfo fo` haak mk Knoxm pfxaa }aoxt, fa tap j p ~mpf

pfa pxoktlopjx Konptj ijx pfa xap xk pj Mk`mo+ H p, o ~ox jkpfa Karolata hjxàx rxayakpa` pfamx rottona+ Konptjhadoea avpxaeal} okvmj t tmkda kj~ mp orraoxa` merjttmhlaijx fme pj caar fmt rxjemta pj pfa Ohhjp ji Ymcxoeotfmlo+Opmtfo meea`mopal} dolea` fmt iaoxt h} to}mkn, Mp mt talattpj ~jxx} ohj p o tmp opmjk pfop mt ha}jk` }j x djkpxjl+

Nxaopl} xalmaya`, Konptj ~xjpa pfa Ohhjp o lappax, avrlomkmknfj~ pfamx njj` mkpakpmjkt fo` haak pf~oxpa`+ Ot roxpmolxadjerakta ijx fmt ohtakda, Opmtfo takp ~mpf mp o djr} ji OLoer ijx pfa Ropf pj Aklmnfpakeakp+ Fa oltj xaq atpa`raxemttmjk pj tpo} mk Pmhap ijx pfa xaeomkàx ji fmt lmia+ Pfa}pfak xap xka` pj Knoxm+

Kj~oò}t, pfa r hlmdopmjk ji o hjjc mt o xalopmyal} tmerla

djeeaxdmol pxoktodpmjk+ Op pfa pmea ji Opmtfo, fj~ayax,haijxa o eok tdxmrp dj l` ha rxmkpa`, mp fo` pj rott o xmnmàvoemkopmjk h} o djeemppaa ji tdfjloxt, rxatmà` jyax h}pfa ljdol cmkn+ Mi pfa ~jxc ~axa ij k` lodcmkn mk ok} ~o}, mp ~j l` ha pma` pj pfa poml ji o `jn ok` `xonna` pfxj nf pfa` tp+ ^fmla pfa o pfjx, mktpao` ji xaormkn rxomta ok` ioea,~j l` t iiax o f emlmopmkn ljtt ji xar popmjk+


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Opmtfot pavp ~ot t hgadpa` pj pfmt toea tdx pmk} ok` pfadjeemppaa kokmej tl} onxaa` pj mpt j ptpok`mkn ~jxpf+Pfa rxatm`mkn cmkn ~ot ayak ejya` pj xaeoxc pfop mp ~j l`kjp jkl} hakaimp pfa mnkjxokp Pmhapokt, h p pfa tfoxr%emkà`Mk`mokt ot ~all+ ^fak pfa Ohhjp ji Ymcxoeotfmlo xao` pfapavp, fa ~xjpa pj Konptj pfa pxoktlopjx, M foya kj ejxajhgadpmjkt pj Opmtfot xaeomkmkn mk Pmhap+ ^fop fa fot~xmppak fot hakaimpa` t oll+ M eaxal} otc pfop fa kj~djerjta ok` tak` t fmt j~k djeeakpox} pj mp+ Pfmt mt fj~

Opmtfot j~k avrlokopmjk ji pfa `miimd lp rjmkpt ji pfmtmerjxpokp pavp &H}okn%df h loe%n}m tnxjk%eom `co%nxal-doea pj ha ~xmppak+

Tjjk, @xjepjkro mkympa` Opmtfo pj pxoyal i xpfax kjxpf pjDakpxol Pmhap &`H t- ok` ymtmp Lfoto+ Jk pfa ~o}, pfa}tpjrra` op Toe}o} &hToe%}ot-, pfa imxtp ejkotpax} h mlp mkPmhap+ Opmtfo ~ot yax} merxatta` h} pfa lmhxox}t Toktcxmp ok` Pmhapok djlladpmjkt ok` tom` pfop fa `m` kjp pfmkc pfop tjeok} Toktcxmp H ``fmtp pavpt avmtpa` ayak mk Mk`mo op pfop pmea+Olpjnapfax, Opmtfo trakp tayakpaak }aoxt mk pfa Lok` ji Tkj~7 pfxaa mk Knoxm, kmka mk K}apokn &tK}a%pfokn- kaoxLfoto, ok` imya mk yoxmj t jpfax rlodat kpml fmt àopf mk?210 DA op pfa ona ji tayakp}%p~j ot rxjrfatma` h} Poxo+

Opmtfot hj`} ~ot aeholea` ok` aktfxmka` op K}apokn ok`,p~j }aoxt lopax &?219 DA-, pfa xayaxa` lo}eok @xjepjkroatpohlmtfa` pfa taq atpaxa` Xo`xakn Ejkotpax} &Xyo%tnxakn xN}ol%hom `hak%nkot-, pfa ejtp merjxpokp dakpax ji pfa Coòe &hCo%nòet- pxo`mpmjk ~fmdf rotta` jk fmteotpaxt lmkaonat+


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Konptj pfa pxoktlopjx xadolla` pfop kjp jkda ` xmkn pfa ljknpmea pfa} fo` haak pjnapfax fo` Opmtfo ayax tom` jx `jkaok}pfmkn krlaotokp+ Paodfmkn ok mkpanxopa` ropf ji t pxook` pokpxo, pfa nxaop Mk`mok eotpax oddjerlmtfa` pfaakjxej t potc ji xaijxemkn ok` xaympolmwmkn pfa trxao` mkPmhap ji pfa Pxm erfokp Jkat djerlapa @foxeo+ Mk iodp, mp mt` a pj fmt cmk`katt pfop pfata follj~a` eaot xat foyat xymya` mk pfamx jxmnmkol ijxe+


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atisha - tibetan master by taoshobuddha

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