atmopadesa satakam (malayalam)

\mcm-bWKpcp-hns‚

Btflm-]-tZi-i-XIw

a\-\m-hn-jv°mcw

kzman kp[n

ONE-WORLDONE-WORLDONE-WORLDONE-WORLDONE-WORLDPublishing HouseErnakulam-682315

Malayalam Language

ATMOPADESA SATAKAM(A Philosophical Work of Narayana Guru)

Contemplative Outpouring

SWAMI SUDHI

Published By

ONE-WORLDONE-WORLDONE-WORLDONE-WORLDONE-WORLDPublishing HouseChethikode. P.O

Ernakulam- 682315.

Phone : 9447968014, 0484-2778515, 5502401

email : [email protected]

Cover : Bipin, PerumbavoorType :Nitya Chetana

Proof : Sabari, Niranjana, AkshayaPrinted at : Gurudev Off-Set, Ernakulam

Second Edition : July, 2006Copies : 1000

Rights Reserved

Rs. 90

kzman kp[n1967¬ Xriq¿ Pn√-bnse Ip≠-en-bq-cn¬ P\n-®p.

\t∂ sNdp-∏-Øn¬Xs∂ tamt£—p Bbn-cp-∂p.

kvIqfn¬ ]Tn-°p-tºmƒ hoSp-hn- p-t]m-hp-Ibpw Hcp

kXym-t\z-jn-sb-t∏mse Ae-bp-Ibpw ]Xn-hm-bn-cp-∂p.

k©m-c-Øn-\n-S-bnepw ]T\w XpS¿∂p.

kmº-Øn-I-im-k-Øn¬ _ncp-Zhpw

BwK-te-b-km-ln-Xy-Øn¬ _ncp-Zm-\-¥-c-_n-cp-Zhpw

Ign-®p. tP¿W-en-k-Øn¬ ]n.Pn Untπma t\Sn.

Ipd-®p-Imew ]X-]-h¿Ø-I-\mbn tPmen sNbvXp.

At∏m-tg°pw Kpcp-k-hn-[-Øn¬ AW-bm-\p-ff

XrjvW AZ-ay-am-bn. AXn-\m¬ tPmenbpw

Km¿ln-I-Xbpw If-™p.

Kpcp \nXy-ssN-X-\y-b-Xn-bpsS injyXzw kzoI-cn-®p.

Kpcp-hns‚ \n¿t±-i-]-Imcw 1993¬

\mcm-b-W-Kp-cp-Ip-e-Øn¬ tN¿∂p.

Du´n-bnse \mcm-b-W-Kp-cp-Ip-e-Øn¬

Kpcp \nXybpsS kao-]-h¿Øn-bmbn

Kpcp-tkh sNbvXp Pohn-°p-hm-\p-ff

`mKyhpw \ntbm-Khpw D≠m-bn.

apJ-°p-dn∏v

Rms\mcp IY hmbn-®n- p-≠v. bph-Xz-Øn-te°v Imeq-∂n-\n¬°p-

tºm-gmWv AXv hmbn-°m-\n-S-bm-b-Xv. B IY hmbn-®-t∏mƒ Rm\msI

Akz-ÿ-\m-bn. hoń¬\n∂pw Cd-ßn-\-S-∂p. ImcWw B IY shdp-

samcp IY amX-am-bn-cp-∂n-√; A¥-cm¿∞-ß-fpsS Hcp Ie-hd Xs∂-

bm-bn-cp∂p. Ft∂m-Sp-X-s∂-bp-ff Hcp-Xcw tNmZyw-sN-ø-em-bn-cp∂p AXv.

B IY Rm≥ \nß-tfmSp ]d-bp-I-bm-Wv. Hcp]t£, \nß-fn¬ ]mIw-

h∂ Hcp a\- p-s≠-¶n¬ Cu IY \nßsf tNmZyw sNøpw. CXbpw

\mfpw \nßƒ [cn-®n-cp∂ s]mbvap-J-ßƒ ]n®n-®o¥n°f-bpw. \nß-

fpsS Bflm-hns‚ imeo-\-ku-ay-X-bn¬ Hcp-thf Nne-h-gn-°m-\mbn

D≈w XpSn-®p-t]m-Ipw. C\n IY ]d-b-s´........

Hcn-°¬ Hcp knwl-°p™v h∂pP\nbv°m\n-S-h-∂Xv Hcp

Bń≥]-‰-Øn-\n-S-bnem-bn-cp-∂p. X≈-knwlw Cc-]n-Sn-°m-\mbn Hcp

Ip∂n¬\n∂pw FSp-Øp-Nm-Sn-b-t∏mƒ \ne-Øp-hogpIbpw Ahn-sS-In-

S∂p ]k-hn-bv°pI-bp-am-bn-cp∂p. Ip™ns\ ]k-hn® DSs\ X≈-

knwlw acn-®p. B knwl-°p-™ns‚ IÆpIƒ Xpd-∂n- p-t]mepw

D≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. AXbpw sNdnb knwl-°p-™m-bn-cp-∂p. Bń≥°q-

-Ønse X≈-bm-Sp-I-fpsS ape IpSn®v B knwl-°p™v hf¿∂p hep-

Xm-bn. BSp-Iƒ B knw-lsØ Xß-sf-t∏mse Icp-Xn. BSp-Iƒ Ic-

bp-∂-Xp-t]mse knwlhpw Ic-bpw. BSp-Iƒ ]p√p Xn∂p-∂-Xp-t]mse

B knwlhpw ]p√p-Xn∂pw. Ah¿ Hcp-an®p Ifn®p ckn-°pw. knwl-

Øns‚ BIm-c-sØ-°p-dn®v BSp-Iƒt°m, BSp-I-fpsS BIm-c-t -Z-sØ-

°p-dn®p knwl-Ønt\m Hcp kwi-bhpw D≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. Aßs\ Ime-

ßƒ Hcp-]mSp Ign-™p-t]m-bn.

Hcn-°¬ Hcp hr≤-\mb knwlw Bń≥]-‰-ß-fpsS ASp-Øp-IqsS

IS-∂p-t]m-Im≥ CS-bm-bn. At∏mƒ Bń≥°q-´-Øn-\n-S-bn¬ Hcp

knwlw Ifn-®p-c-kn-°p-∂-Xp-I≠v hr≤-\mb knwlw A¤pXw Iqdn.

B knwlsØ At∏mƒ A¤p-X-s∏-Sp-Øn-b-Xv, Bń≥°q- -Ønse

knwlw BSn-s\-t∏mse Ic-bp-∂-Xm-Wv. AXp ]p√v Nh-®p-Xn-∂p-Ibpw

sNøp-∂p. hr≤-\mb knwlsØ I≠-t∏mƒ a‰p BSp-Iƒ t]Sn-t®m-

Sm≥ XpS-ßn. At∏mƒ Bń≥]-‰-Ønse knwlhpw `b-∂p-hn-d®p

HmSm≥ XpS-ßn. CXp I≠-t∏mƒ hr≤-\mb knwl-Øn\p e÷bpw

tcmjhpw Hcp-an®p h∂p. Xs‚ Ipe-Øn\pXs∂ am\-lm\n hcp-Øn-

h-bv°p-∂-Xm-Wt√m Cu ]hrØn F∂p B knwlw Hm¿Øp. hr≤-

\mb B knwlw Bń≥Iq- -Øns‚ IqsS Hm-Sn-t∏m-Ip∂ knwl-sØ-

∏n-Sn®v _e-ambn Hcp XSm-I-°-c-bn-te°p sIm≠p-t]m-bn. t]Sn®p hnd-

]q≠ IÆp-I-tfmsS, Xs∂ shdptX hnS-W-sa∂p ]d™v B ]mhw

knwlw tIWp-I-c-™p. F∂m¬ hr≤-\mb knwlw, Xs‚ h¿§-Øn\p

h∂p-tN¿∂ A]-am-\-I-c-amb A[x-]-X-\sØ am‰n-sb-Sp-°-W-sa∂

\n›-b-tØm-Sp-IqSn XSm-I-°-c-bnse kz—-amb Pe-Øn-\-cn-In¬ BSpI-

fp-ambn am\-kn-I-Xm-Zmflyw ]q≠ knwlsØ sIm≠p-t]mbn \ndpØn.

F∂n´p K¿÷n-®p-sIm≠p ]d™p: “FSm hnUvVn! \o Fs‚ apJ-

tØ-s°m∂p t\m°q; F∂n v B XSm-I-Ønse Pe-Øn¬ \ns‚ ]Xn-

—m-b H∂p ImWq.”XSm-I-Ønse Pe-Øn¬ sXfn™ apJw I≠-t∏mƒ s]s -∂m-

bn-cp∂p ]q¿∆n-I-amb Xs‚ kzXz-Øns‚ \n›bw Hcp shfn-]m-Sp-

t]mse B knwl-Øn¬ P\n-®-Xv. Bń≥]-‰-Øn-e-I-s∏´ knwl-Øns‚

D≈n¬\n∂pw At∏mƒ Hcp K¿÷\w AW-s]m- n. B K¿÷\w ZnK-

¥-ßsf apg-°p∂ H∂m-bn-cp-∂p. AXp ho≠pw ho≠pw K¿÷n-®p.

B knwlw Xs‚ kzcq-]sØ Xncn-®-dn-™p. AXns‚ ]q¿∆nIamb

kvac-W-Iƒ DW¿∂p-h-∂p. hr≤-\mb knwlw CsX√mw I≠p

\n¬°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. hr≤-\mb knwl-Øns‚ Imcp-Wy-Øn\p sIm®p-

knwlw \µn ]d-™p: “Aßn-√m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ Fs‚ apgp-h≥ Pohn-

Xhpw B Bń≥]-‰-Øn-s‚-IqsS ]p√p-Xn∂p Xpe-®p-I-f-tb≠n-h-cpam-

bn-cp-t∂-t\. Asß-\n°p ]pXn-sbmcp PohnXw X∂n-cn-°p-∂p.” hr≤-

\mb knwlw sNdnb knwlsØ a‰p knwl-ß-fpsS ASp-tØ°p

sIm≠p-t]m-bn.

\ΩpsS Pohn-Xhpw CtX-t]m-se-bm-Wv. \mw \ΩpsS Bfl-kz-

XzsØ ad-∂p-t]m-bn-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. ]e ]e XmZm-fly-ß-fm¬ Bń≥]-

‰-Øn-e-I-s∏´ Hcp knwl-°p-™n-s\-t∏m-se-bmWv \mw hf-cp-∂-Xv.

IpSpw_ambn Pohn-®p-t]m-cp∂ \mw ]e-X-c-Øn-ep≈ kmaq-ln-Ihpw

cmjvSo-bhpw aX-]-c-hp-amb _‘-ß-fmepw _‘-\-ß-fmepw kzX-kn-≤-amb \ΩpsS kzcq]w ad-∂p-t]m-bn-cn-°p-∂p. B kzcq-]-Øns‚

aln-am-Xn-ibw a\- n-em-°msX sIm®p-sIm-®p- Xp-cp-Øp-I-fn¬ kzm¿∞-amb PohnXw \bn-°p-∂-h-cmWv \mw Gsd-t]-cpw.

Iptd-°mew Aßs\ Pohn-t°≠nh∂ Cubp-≈-h\v Bflm-hns‚\nc-Xn-i-b-Z¿∏-W-Øn¬ Fs‚ apJw ImWn-®p-X∂ alm-Im-cp-Wn-I-\mWv

Kpcp \nXy-ssN-X-\y-b-Xn. B Kpcp-hn-eq-sS-bmWv Rm≥ Fs‚ kzXz-Øns‚ C\n-a-bp-ff ]Xew BZy-ambn \pW-™-Xv. Cu ]pkvXIw Fgp-

Xp-tºmƒ F√m-h¿°pw Ah-cpsS kzXzsØ Xncn-®-dn-bm-\p-ff IÆm-Sn-bm-bn-cn-°Ww CXnse Hmtcm hm°pw F∂p Rm≥ ]m¿∞-\m-]q¿∆w

A`n-e-jn-°p-I-bm-Wv.

\nd™ lrZ-b-tØmsS kzman kp[n

F¥pw hmbn-°p-∂-Xn-\p- apºv

Btflm-]-tZ-iiXIw Hcp imkvX-am-Wv. Cu imkvXw B[p-

\n-I-imkvXw t]msebp≈ Hcp imkvX-a-√. B\p- q-Xn-I-⁄m-\-ap≈

Hcp Ejn-bpsS lrØm-cn¬ hnf™ AssZz-X-a-I-c-µw-Iq-Sn-bm-Wn-Xv.

At∏mƒ CXns\mcp ka-KXbp-≠v. ka-K-sa∂p ]d-bm≥ ImcWw,

CXns‚ ]cn-[n-bn¬ hcmØ H∂pw-X-s∂-bn√ F∂p-f-f-Xp-sIm-≠m-Wv.

KW-\-bn¬s]-Sp-∂Xpw KW-\-bn¬\n∂p Ihn-™Xpw Dƒs°m-≈m≥

t]mcp∂ A\-¥-hn-im-e-XbmWv Btflm-]-tZ-i-i-X-I-Øns\ ka-K-

am-°p-∂-Xv. ]qºm-‰-Iƒ ]d-∂p-\-S-°p-∂-Xp-I≠v IuXp-I-aq-dp∂ Hcp

sIm®p-Ip-™ns‚ t_m[Xehpw, \n¿hm-W-Øns‚ [ym\-hn-lm-b- n¬

A\p-`qXn \pW-™psIm≠n-cn-°p∂ Hcp tbmKn-bpsS t_m[Xehpw

Cu imkvX-Øn¬ Htc-t]mse CSw Is≠-Øp-∂p-≠v. hymk\pw \yq -

\pw, sslk≥_¿Kpw IWm-Z-\pw, InkvXphpw \_n-bpw, _p≤\pw

F√mw Btflm-]-tZ-i-km-K-c-Ønse tXtPm-X-cw-K-ß-fm-Wv.

amX-a√, Cu imkvX-Øn\p hy‡-amsbmcp e£yhpw ]Xn-]m-Z-

\-co-Xn-bpap-≠v. CXn¬ Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p∂ hnjbw \ap°p ]cn-N-b-an-√m-

Ø-X-√. B hnjbw \mw Xs∂-bm-Wv. tkmI- okpw D]-\n-j-Ønse

Ejnbpw Du∂n-bq∂n∏d™ ]tabw: “\o \ns∂-Xs∂ Adn-bp-I. B

Adnhv \ns∂ kzX-¥-\m-°pw.” Aßs\ Rm≥ Fs∂ ]ta-b-am°n

At\z-jWw Bcw- n-°p-tºmƒ AXn¬ ]]-©sØ kw_-‘n®pw

Cuiz-cs\ kw_-‘n®pw D≈ ]T-\-ßƒ kzm`m-hn-I-ambn A¥¿ -hn-

°p∂p. aq∂p tNmZy-ß-fmWv BXy-¥n-I-ambn Hcp Pn⁄mkp tNmZn-

°p-∂-Xv.

1 Cu temIw Fhn-sS-\n-∂p-≠mbn?

2 Rm≥ BcmWv?

3 F¥n\p Pohn-°Ww?

Cu aq∂p tNmZy-ßƒ°pw DØcw \¬Im≥ Hmtcm-∂n\pw Hmtcm

imkvXw cq]oIr-X-am-bn- p-≠v. H∂v kØm-im-kvXw (ontology). c≠v

⁄m\-im-kvXw (epistemology). aq∂v aqey-imkvXw (axiology).Cu aq∂p imkvX-ß-fnepw s]SmsX Hcp imkvX-Øn\pw \ne-bp-d-∏n-

°m≥ Ign-bn-√. F∂m¬ Kpcp-hm-Is´, Cu aq∂p imkvX-tØbpw ‘_“-

hnZy’ (The Science of the Absolute) F∂ Hcp kºq¿Æ-k-a-\z-b-

X-¥Øns‚ ]cn-K-W-bn¬ sIm≠p-h-∂n- mWv F√m Zm¿i-\n-I-k-a-ky-

I-tfbpw ]cn-l-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

Cu imkvXsØ imkvtXm -NnX-ambn ]d-™p-X-cp∂

imkvX⁄≥ io\mcm-b-W-KpcphmWv. -Kpcp Bflm-arXw \pI¿∂

Hcp Ejn-h-cy-\m-Wv. ]c-a-]p-cp-jm¿∞-amb ap‡nsb kqcy-Xpeyw Bfl-

[m-c-bm°n am‰nb alm-a-\o-jn-bp-am-Wv. kzbw-ap-‡-\mb Kpcp am\p-

jy-IsØ apgp-h\pw ap‡n-bn-te°p \bn-°m-\mWv Btflm-]-tZ-i-i-

XIw cNn-®-Xv. At∏mƒ ap‡n-bmWv Cu imkvXw ]Tn-°p-∂-Xns‚

]tbm-P-\w. F¥n¬ \n∂p≈ ap‡n-bmWv? A⁄m-\-Øn¬\n-∂p-≈

ap‡n. A⁄m-\w-sIm-≠mWv Pohn-Xw _‘-\w-t]mse tXm∂p-∂Xpw

\mw ZpxJn-°p-∂-Xp-sa-√mw. _‘\w tXm∂p-∂-Xp-sIm-≠mWv Hcmƒ

imkvXw ]Tn-°p-∂Xv. AXp-sIm≠v Btflm-]-tZ-i-i-XIw Hcp tam£-

im-kvX-am-Wv. F¥n¬\n-∂p≈ tamN\w? _‘-\-Øn¬\n-∂p≈ tamN-

\w. ZpxJ-Øn¬ \n∂p≈ tamN\w. ]m]-©n-I-X-bn¬\n∂p≈ tamN-

\w.

\mw Cu temI-Øn¬ Pohn-°p-tºmƒXs∂ Cµn-b-ß-fn-eq-tSbpw

a\- n-eq-tSbpw hnj-b-ßsf A\p- -hn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p-≠v. Aßs\

Cµn-b-ßƒs°m≠pw a\- p-sIm≠pw _‘-s∏-Sp∂ hnj-b-ßƒ \sΩ

_‘n°p-∂p. CjvS-cq-]-Ønepw A\n-jvS-cq-]-Ønepw DZm-ko-\-cq-]-Ønepw

\sΩ kzm[o-\n-°p-∂p. temI-Øn¬ Pohn-°p-∂-tXm-sSm∏wXs∂ \mw

Cu temI-Øns‚ `mK-amWv. F∂m¬ \ΩpsS apºn-ep≈ \ma-cq-]m-fl-

I-am-bn-cn-°p∂ temIsØ \mw Adn-bp-∂Xv \Ωn¬\n∂pw A\y-am-bn-cn-

°p∂ Hcp hkvXp-t]m-se-bm-Wv. AXp-sIm≠v \mw Cu temIsØ A\p-

-hn-°p-∂Xv, ⁄mXm-hmbpw I¿Øm-hmbpw t`m‡m-hmbpw Hs°-bm-

Wv. \Ωn¬\n∂-pw A\y-am-bn-cn-°p∂ temIsØ ho≠pw ho≠pw `pPn-

°p-hm≥ hyKXs∏´p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂ H∂mWv Poh≥. Poh≥ F∂pw

]q¿Æ-X-bv°p-th-≠n-bmWv ian-°p∂Xv. Poh≥ PK-Øn-s\-bmWv

AXns‚ XrjvWsb HSp-°p-hm-\mbn pPn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Aßs\

Poh≥ PK-Øns\ XrjvWm-\n-hr-Øn-°mbn `pPn°p-tºmƒ ho≠pw

ho≠pw _‘-\-Øn-te°p t]mhp-∂p. F∂m¬ Iptd Ign-bp-tºmƒ Cu

Poh≥Xs∂ PK-Øn¬\n∂p≈ ap‡n BK-ln-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.

At∏mƒ B ap‡n°v tlXp-hm-bn- mWv Cuiz-c≥ hcp-∂-Xv.

Cuizc≥ kzX-¥-\m-Wv. PK-Øns‚bpw Poh-s‚bpw kjvSm-hm-

Wv. kwl¿Ømhpw Cuiz -c≥Xs∂. krjvSn -I¿Ømhpw

kwl¿Ømhpw Bbn-cn-°p∂ Cuiz-c≥ ]]©w F∂ eoesb (play)Poh\neqsS Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p-I-bmWv sNøp-∂-Xv. ]]©w F∂ \ma-cq-

]m-fl-I-am-bn-cn-°p∂ Hcp eoesb Poh≥ F∂p ]d-bp∂ ]mXn- m-kn-

I-X-bn-eqsS Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p-∂-XmWv BsI PK-Øns‚ s]mXp-hm-bn- p≈

Bhn-jvIm-c-X-¥w.

Poh≥ _‘-\-ÿ-\mbn-cn-°p-tºmƒ B Pohs\ ap‡n-bn-te°v

B\-bn-°p∂ Hcp ]Xn-]m-Z-\-X¥-am-bn-cn-°Ww imkvX-Øn¬ D≠m-

bn-cn-t°-≠Xv. imkvX-Øn\v Ah-ew-_n-°m-hp∂ coXo-hn-[m\w (meth-odology) Pohs\ Btflm-∑p-J-am-°n-sb-Sp-°pI amX-am-Wv; As√-

¶n¬ Cuiz-tcm-∑p-J-am°n Øo¿°p-IbmWv. GsXm-c-dn-hp-sIm-

≠mtWm \ap°v Cu PKØv _‘\w F∂-Xp-t]mse tXm∂n-®Xv

B Adn-hmWv hnth-I-_p-≤n. _‘-Im-c-W-amb PK-Øns\ \ncm-I-cn-

t°-≠Xv Pohs‚ tam£-kn-≤n°v Ah-iyw-th≠ Hcp ]In-b-bm-Wv.

AXn-\p-th≠ hen-sbmcp Adn-hns\ Kpcp ]d-™p-X-cp-∂p.

Fs¥√mw Imcy-ß-fmWv Kpcp Btflm-]-tZ-i-i-X-I-Øn¬ ]d-bp-∂Xv?

H∂m-a-Xmbn \mw At\z-jn-®-dn™p Is≠-tØ≠ H∂p-≠v. AXns\ ‘Icp’F∂mWv ]d-bp-∂-Xv. Icp ]m]-©n-I-k-Ø-bm-Wv. F∂p ]d-™m¬, Cu

]]-©-Øn\v Imc-W-am-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv GtXm AXmWv Icp. Icp Imc-W-

am-Wv. ]c-aamb -Im-c-Ww. ]c-a-Im-c-W-am-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv -k-Ø-bm-Wv. \mw ]c-

a-Im-c-W-am-bn-cn-°p∂ kØ \Ωn¬ Is≠-Øp-tºmƒ AXns\ Bfl-

kØ F∂p ]d-bpw. ]c-a-Im-c-W-am-bn-cn-°p∂ H∂ns\ Cu ]m]-©n-I-X-

bpsS ASn-ÿm-\-am-bn´dn-bp-tºmƒ AXns\ _“-kØ F∂p ]d-bpw.

At∏mƒ BZy-ta-Xs∂ kØ-bm-bn-cn-°p∂ Hcp kXysØ FSpØp-Im-

Wn-°p-∂p. AXns\ Icp F∂p hnfn-°p-∂p.

Cu Icp-hns‚ kz`mhw Fß-s\-bmWv? AXv Adn-hnepw Gdnb

Adn-hm-Wv. km[m-cW Adn-hn¬\n∂pw AXoX-am-bn-cn-°p∂ Hcdn-hm-

Wv. Cu Adn-hnepw Gdnb Adn-hmWv \mw Icp-hns\ Adn-bp-tºmƒ

D≠m-Ip-∂-Xv. At\z-j-W-Øn-eqsS hnI-kn-∏n-s®-Sp-t°≠ Hcp-Xcw

A¥¿⁄m-\-Øn-eq-sS-bmWv (intuition) CXp km[n-X-am-Ip-∂-Xv.

At∏mƒ Icp Cµn-b-hn-j-b-a-√. Cµn-b-hn-j-b-am-bn-cn-°p-∂-sXms°

km[m-cW Adn-hm-Wv.

IÆp-sIm-≠pIm-Wp∂ Hcp Zrirw km[m-cW Adn-hm-Wv.

ImXpsIm≠v tIƒ°p∂ Hcp i_vZw km[m-cW Adn-hmWv. aq°p-

sIm≠v aW-°p∂ Hcp aWw km[m-cW Adn-hm-Wv. \m°p-sIm≠v

cpNn-°p∂ Hcp cpNn km[m-cW Adn-hm-Wv. Xz°p-sIm≠v kv]¿in-

®-dn-bp∂ Hcp kv]¿iw km[m-cW Adn-hm-Wv. C\n Cu Cµn-bm-

\p-`-ß-fpsS ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ Nn¥n-®-dn-bp-∂Xpw km[m-cW Adn-

hp-X-s∂-bm-Wv. km[m-cW AdnhpI-fn-sems° tZi-Im-e-]-cn-an-X-

am-bn-´p≈ Hcp am\w D≠m-bn-cn°pw. GsX¶nepw Hcp tZi-Øp-h-

®pam-Xta Cµn-b-Øn\p Hc-dn-hns\ kzoI-cn-°m≥ Ign-bp-I-bp-≈q.

AXp-t]m-se-Xs∂ AXn-s\mcp Ime-]-cn-¢n-]vXnbpw D≠m-bn-cn-°-

Ww. AXp-sIm≠v Cµn-b-ØneqsS Adn-bp∂ Adn-hp-I-sfms° ]cn-

ta-b-ß-fmWv.

Icp-hm-Is´ A]-cn-ta-b-am-Wv. Af-°m-\m-hm-Ø-Xm-Wv. Af-°m-\m-

hm-Ø-Xp-sIm-≠pXs∂ AXv Cµn-b-Zzmcm Adn-bm-hp-∂-Xp-a-√. A]-cn-

ta-b-amb H∂ns\ Nn¥-Iƒ°pw Dƒs°m-≈m-\m-hp-I-bn-√. AXp-

sIm≠mWv AXns\ Adn-hn-ep-ta-dnb Adn-sh∂p ]d-bp-∂Xv. Cu Adn-

hn-ep-ta-dnb Adn-hm-bn-cn-°p∂ Icp-hns\ Fß-s\-bmWv \mw Adn-tb-

≠-Xv? Htc-k-a-bw-Xs∂ Cu Icp Adn-bp-∂-hs‚ AI-Øpw AtX-t]mseXs∂ ]pd-ØpamWv C-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Aßs\bmWv kq£va-cq-]-Øn¬ AI-Øn-cn-°p-Ibpw ÿqe-cq-]-Øn¬ ]pd-Øn-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂Xv. kq£va-cq-]-Øn¬ ]h¿Øn-°p-∂-XmWv a\- v. ÿqe-cq-]-Øn¬]h¿Øn-°p-∂-XmWv ]©- q-XmflI-am-bn-cn-°p∂ Cu ]]©w.

At∏mƒ Htc Icp-hn-\p-Xs∂ c≠p Xc-Øn¬ ]Xn-`m-kn-°p-hm≥ Ign-bp-∂-sX-ß-s\-bmWv? AXn-emWv Poh≥ F∂pw hymtam-ln-X\m-bn-Øo-cp-∂-Xv. Hcp Icp ÿqe-ambpw kq£va-ambpw Pohs\h´w Np‰n-®p-sIm-≠n-cn -°p-∂p. Aßs\ hcp-tºmƒ \Ω-fpsSPohnXØnn¬ sX‰p ]‰m\n-S-h-cp-∂p. GI-amb Icp-hns\ Adn-bmsX,Icp-hns‚ Zznap-J-ß-sf-bmWv \mw Adn-bp-∂-Xv. Icp-hn¬ kw`-hn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂ ÿqehpw kq£va-hp-am-bn-cn-°p∂, AIhpw ]pd-hp-am-bn-cn-°p∂ c≠p hi-ßsf amX-amWv Pohn-Xm-\p- -h-ß-fn¬\n∂v\ap°v Adn-bp-hm≥ Ign-bp-∂p-≈q. AXp-sIm≠v Icp-hns\ Adn-b-Ww F∂p Dd-∏n®p ]d-bp-∂p. Icp-hns\ Htc-k-a-bw-Xs∂ AIØpw]pd-Øp-an-cn-°p∂ kØ-bm-bn-´-dn-b-Ww. AXp Adn-hn-ep-ta-dnb Adn-hm-Wv. Icp Hcp hnj-b-a-√. Icp hnj-bm-Xo-X-t_m[am-Wv. CXmWvBtflm-]-tZ-i-i-X-I-Øns‚ ]ta-b-am-bn´v hcp-∂-Xv. -km[m-cW Adn-hn¬\n∂pw AXo-X-am-bn-cn-°p∂ Hc-dn-hns\ a\p-jy≥ At\z-jn-°p-hm≥ XpS-ßp-tºmƒ B hy‡n kXym-t\z-jn-bm-bn-Øo-cp-∂p. Bhy‡n Pn⁄m-kp-hm-bn-Øo-cp-∂p.

Aß-s\-sbmcp kXym-t\zjn imkvXw hfsc ka-K-ambn ]Tn-t°-≠-Xmbn´p-≠v. IÆp-Iƒ A©pw D≈-S-°-Ww. IÆp-Iƒ F∂p]d-™m¬- Cµnbßƒ. - Zr-iy-ßƒ amXw ImWp∂ IÆn-s\-b√ChnsS hnh-£n-°p-∂-Xv. A©n-µn-b-ß-tfbpw IqSn-bmWv IÆp-IƒF∂p Kpcp \ma-I-cWw sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂Xv. D≈-S-°-sW∂p ]d-bp-hm≥ ImcWw AsX-t∏mgpw ]pdw-tem-I-ØmWv ta™p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. AXp-sIm≠v ]pdw-tem-I-Øn¬\n∂pw D≈-S-°-Ww. shdptX_ew ]tbm-Kn®v \nb¥n°pI F∂-√. BZyw AXn-\p-th-≠nbmWvIcp-hns‚ ÿnXn-hn-ti-j-sØ-°p-dn®v ]d-™p-X-∂-Xv. Cµn-b-ß-fn¬hym]-cn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂ Pothm¿÷sØ Icp-hn-te°p Xncn-°-Ww.XmXv]-cy-ßsf apgp-h≥ Bfl-K-X-]n-b-am-°-Ww.

a\p-jys‚ Al-¥-bmWv ⁄m\-Øn\p XS- w \n¬°p-∂-Xv. AXp-sIm≠v Ffna thWw. sXcp-sXsc hoWphW-ß-Ww. sXcp-sXscF∂p≈ hm°v ss\-c¥-cy-tØm-Sp-IqSn F∂ A¿∞-Øn-emWv Kpcp]tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv. a\p-jy≥ Fhn-sS-bmWv hotg-≠Xv? a\p-jy≥hotg-≠Xv Adn-hns‚ apºn-em-Wv. ]c-a-amb Adn-hns‚ apºn¬ \a-kvI-cn-°-Ww. hW-ßpI F∂p ]d-™m¬ Al¥ \n¿Ωm¿÷n-X-amb Ah-ÿ-bn¬ h¿Øn-°pI. vAXn-\p-ti-jw-thWw Cu KŸw \Ω-fpsS a\-\-Øn\pw hnNm-c-Øn\pambn F-Sp-°phm≥.

Btflm-]-tZ-i-i-XIw

1 Adn-hn-ep-ta-dn-b-dn-™n-Sp-∂-h≥ X˛

∂pcp-hn-ep-samØp ]pd-Øp-ap-÷z-en°pw

Icp-hn\p IÆp-I-f-©p-ap-≈-S-°n˛

sØcp-sXsc hoWp-h-W-ßn-tbm-Xn-tS-Ww.

Adn-™n-Sp-∂-h≥ X≥ - Adn-bp-∂-hs‚

Dcp-hnepw ˛ AIØpw

HØp ]pdØpw ˛ XØp-eyambn ]pdØpw

Adn-hnepw Gdn ˛ I≠pw Nn¥n®pw a‰pw Adn-bm-hp∂

Adn-hp-Iƒ°-Xo-X-ambn

D÷z-en°pw Icp-hn\v ˛ ]Im-in-°p∂ Bfl-k-Øsb

Adn-bp-∂Xn\mbn

IÆp-Iƒ A©pw ˛ A©p ⁄mt\-µn-b-ß-tfbpw

D≈-S°n Bflm- n-ap-J-am°n

sXcp-sXsc ˛ [mc-ap-dn-bmØ coXn-bn¬

hoWp-h-Wßn ˛ Kpcp-hn¬ ka¿∏n-X-\mbn

HmXn-tSWw ˛ kzm[ymbw sNø-Ww.

]m›m-Xy-X-Øz-Nn-¥-bn¬ tπt‰mbpw Acn-tÃm- nepw kam-¥-c-

ambn Hgp-In-s°m-≠n-cn-°p∂ c≠p \Zn-I-sf-t∏m-se-bm-Wv. Ch¿

XΩnep≈ _‘w Kpcp-hn-t‚Xpw injy-t‚-Xp-am-Wv. F∂mepw Zm¿i-

\n-I-amb Hcp ]nW°w Ch¿°n-S-bn-ep-≠v. Ncn-X-Øn-eqsS Ch¿ Hgp-

In-sbm-gpIn c≠p hmZ-ßsf kºp-jvS-am-°n. tπt‰m-bpsS Nn¥-I-fmWv

Bi-b-hm-Z-Øn-te°v (idealism) hgn-am-dn-b-Xv. Acn-tÃm- n-ens‚ XØz-

Nn¥ `uXn-I-hm-ZsØ (materialism) Icp-∏n-Sn-∏n-®p. Cu c≠p hmZ-

ßfpw ]c-kv]cw kwL- -\-Øn¬hsc G¿s∏- n- p-≠v. Ct∏mgpw G¿s∏-

Sp-∂p-≠v.

]m›m-Xy-Nn-¥-bnse AXn-Im-b-∑m-sc∂p hnti-jn-∏n-°m-hp∂ tUm.

tPm¨kWpw _nj∏v s_¿°nenbpw Hcn-°¬ ]`m-X-k-hm-cn-bn¬

I≠p-ap- n. s_¿°nen-bm-Is´ ISpØ Bi-b-hm-Zn-bm-Wv. temIw Hcp

Bi-b-am-sW-∂mWv s_¿°n-en-bpsS hmZw. tUm. tPm¨k¨ `uXn-

I-hm-Zn-bpw. ImW-s∏-Sp∂ temI-Øn-\-∏p-dØv Hcp kXyhpw C√ F∂

hmZ-amWv uXn-I-hm-Zw. Ah¿ kwkm-cn®p h∂-t∏mƒ AsXmcp X¿°-

ambn ]cn-W-an-®p. X¿°w aqØ-t∏mƒ tUm. tPm¨k¨ hensbmcp

Is√-SpØv s_¿°n-en-bpsS Imen¬ t\m°n Htcdp sImSp-Øp. Imep

NX™v tNmc-sbm-en-°m≥ XpS-ßn. s_¿°nen hmhn´p \ne-hn-fn-®p.

At∏mgpw tIm]w AS-ßmsX tUm. tPm¨k¨ tNmZn®p: ‘Cu I√pw

tNmcbpw Bi-b-amtWm?’ s_¿°nen Ic-™p-sIm-≠p-Xs∂ ]d™p:

‘I√pw tNmcbpw Bi-b-am-Wv.’ ‘]ns∂ \nßƒ F¥n-\mWv Ic-bp-∂Xv?’tUm. tPm¨k¨ tNmZn-®p. ‘AXpw Bi-b-am-Wv,’ s_¿°nen ]d-

™p.

Cß-s\-bmWv idealismhpw materialismhpw Hcn-°epw

tNcmsX iWvT-Iq-Sn-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. B[p-\n-I-imkvXamb phys-ics ùXn-I-hm-Z-Øns‚ k¥--Xn-bm-Wv. F∂m¬ C∂n-hnsS I≠p-h-

cp∂ metaphysics BIs´ Bi-b-hm-Z-Øn¬\n∂pw P\n-®-Xm-Wv.

Chbv°p c≠n\pw H∂n-®n-cn-°m≥ Ign-bp∂ HcnSw \S-cm-P-Kp-cp-hmWv

hfsc hy‡-X-tbm-Sp-IqSn imkvtXm-Nn-X-ambn ]d-™p-X-∂n-´p-f-f-Xv.

AXn\p klm-b-I-amb Zm¿i-\n-I-]n≥_ew \mcm-b-W-Kp-cphns‚

Btflm-]-tZ-i-i-X-I-Øn¬\n∂pw Z¿i--\-am-e-bn¬\n-∂p-amWv \S-cm-P-

Kp-cp-hn\p Inń-b-Xv. Kpcp-tZ-hs‚ Btflm-]-tZ-i-i-X-I-Øn¬ Bib-

hm-Zhpw ùXn-I-hm-Zhpw ]nW-°-ß-fn-√mØ Hcp `qan-I-bn¬ kwK-an-

°p-∂Xv Hmtcm t«mI-Øn-eq-tSbpw IS-∂p-t]m-Ip-tºmƒ \ap°p ImWm-

\m-Ipw.

Icp Bfl-k-Ø-bm-Wv. Bfl-kØ F∂m¬ \ΩpsS icn-bmb

D◊ Ft∂ A¿∞-ap-≈q. B Bfl-k-Ø-bmb Icp-hn-s\-bmWv Adn-

tb-≠-Xv. Icp-hns\ Adn-bmsX Cu temI-Øn¬ I≠pw tI´pw sXm´pw

\pW™pw aWØpw Nn¥n®pw Adn-bm-hp∂ F√mw hy¿∞-sat∂

]d-bm-s\m-°q. Fs¥-∂m¬ Icp-hmWv F√m Adn-hp-Iƒ°pw Imc-W-

am-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv; F√m Adn-hp-Iƒ°pw A¿∞-hp-am-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

ImcWw GI-amWv. Imcy-ßƒ At\-I-am-Wv. GsXm-∂n¬\n-∂mtWm

temIw PmX-am-Ip-∂Xv B H∂mWv ImcWw F∂-Xp-sIm≠v hnh-£n-

°p-∂-Xv. At∏mƒ Imc-W-am-bn-cn-°p∂ Icp-hns\ Adn-™m¬ F√mw

Adn™ A\p-`-h-am-bn. AsXmcp ]q¿Æm-\p-`-h-am-Wv. Ima-\-Iƒ

Hgn™ ]q¿Æ-X. kzbw kwXr-]vXn-bmWv ]q¿Æm-\p- -h-Øns‚ sXfn-

a. B Icp Htckabw Adn-bp-∂-hs‚ AIØpw ]pdØpw ÿnXn-sN-

øp-∂p. AIØv A¥-°-c-Wambpw ]pdØv FÆ-a‰ hkvXp-°-fmbpw

]Im-in-°p-∂p. thsdm-d¿∞-Øn¬ ]d-™m¬ kq£vaw AIØpw

ÿqew ]qd-Øpw.

Aß-s\-bp≈ Icp-hns\ B\p- q-Xn-I-ambn A\p- -hn-®-dn-bm≥ BZy-

ambn Cµn-b-ßfnse A`n-c-a-\sØ Dƒh-en-°-Ww. B A`n-c-a-\sØ

Icp-hns‚ Zni-bn-te°p Xncn-®p-hn-S-Ww. hnj-bm- n-ap-Jambn ]h¿Øn-®n-

cp∂ Adnhv At∏mƒ Bflm- n-ap-Jam-bn-Øo-cpw. CXmWv D≈-S-°pI

F∂ ]In-b. CXv Hcp ]mhiyw sNbvXm¬ t]mcm. \nc-¥-c-ambn sNø-

Ww. Kpcp-hmWv Adn-hns‚ \ntI-X-\w. Bfl-km-£m-XvIm-c-Øn\mbn

Kpcp-hn¬ i≤-bp-d-∏n® Hcp a\ v At\z-j-I-\n¬ A\n-hm-cy-am-Wv. Kpcp-

hns‚ ]mZm-¥n-I-Øn¬ hoWp-h-WßWsa¶n¬ Al¥ t]mI-Ww. Ffn-

a-bpsS hg°w hc-Ww. Bfl-km-bp-Py-Øn-\p≈ A`n-em-jhpw thWw.

Aß-s\-sbmcp At\z-j-W-Øn-I-thmsS \ap-°n\n kzm[ym-b-Øn\p

XpS°w Ipdn-°mw.

2Ic-W-hp-an-µn-bhpw Itf-_cw sXm˛

´dn-bp-a-t\-I-P-K-Øp-tam¿°n-se√mw

]c-sh-fn-X-∂n-ep-b¿∂ `m\p-am≥ X≥

Xncp-hp-cp-hmWp Xnc-™p -tX-dn-tS-Ww.

Ic-Whpw -˛ A¥-°-c-W-ßfpw

Cµn-bhpw ˛ Cµn-b-ßfpw

Itf-_cw ˛ ico-chpw

sXm´-dnbpw ˛ Cµn-b-ßƒ°p hnj-b-am-bn-cn-°p∂

At\-I- P-KØpw ˛ \nc-h-[n-bmb \ma-cq-]-ßfpw

Hm¿°n¬ ˛ a\-\-hn-t[-b-am-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬,

F√mw ˛ F√mw

]c-sh-fn-X-∂n¬ Db¿∂ ˛ ]c-a-amb NnZmIm-i-Øn¬

DZn-®p-\n¬°p∂

`m\p-am≥X≥ ˛ Bfl-kq-cys‚

Xncp-hp-cp-hmWv ˛ ssNX-\y-cq-]-amWv.

Xnc-™p-tX-dn-tSWw ˛ C°mcyw At\zjn®-dn-bWw.

]]©w ]©- q-Xm-fl-I-am-Wv. B ]]-©-am-I-s´, FÆn-bm-sem-Sp-

ßmØ \ma-cq-]-ß-fm-Wv. \ma-cq-]-ßsf ⁄mt\µn-b-ß-fn-eq-sS-bmWv

\mw Adn-bp-∂-Xv. IÆv, aq°v, \m°v, Xz°v, sNhn F∂n-h-bmWv ⁄mt\-

µn-b-ßƒ. IÆv ImWp-∂p. IÆn\v hnj-b-am-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv cq]-am-Wv.

cq]w ]©- q-X-ß-fn-sem-∂mb A·n-bpsS KpW-am-Wv. aq°p-sIm≠v aW-

°p-∂p. aWw ]rYzn-bpsS KpW-am-Wv. \mhpsIm≠v ckw Adn-bp-∂p.

ckw Pe-Øns‚ KpW-am-Wv. Xz°v kv]¿i-t\-µn-b-am-Wv. kv]¿iw hmbp-

hns‚ KpW-am-Wv. sNhn-bn-eq-sS-bmWv tIƒ°p-∂-Xv. tIƒhn BIm-i-

Øns‚ KpW-am-Wv. ]©- q-X-ßfpw Cµn-b-ßfpw XΩn-ep≈ Cu ]c-

kv]-c-_-≤Xbn¬\n-∂mWv ]]©w cq]-s∏- Xp-X-s∂. ]I¿tjW

]©o-Ir-X-am-bXv ]]-©w. ]©o-I-cWw F∂m¬ A©p `qX-ßfpw

tNtc-≠-]Sn tNcp-∂-Xm-Wv. Cµn-b-ßƒ°v X\nsb F√mw Adn-bm≥

Ign-bp-I-bn-√. A¥-°-c-W-ß-fpsS klmbw Bh-iy-am-Wv. a\- v,

NnØw, _p≤n, Al-¶mcw F∂n-h-bm-Wv A¥-xI-c-W-ßƒ. a\- ns‚

kz`mhw kwibw D∂-bn-°p-I-bm-Wv. F¥v? FhnsS? Ft∏m-ƒ? Bcv?

Fßs\? F¥n\v? F∂o tNmZy-ß-sf√mw a\- ns‚ krjvSn-bm-Wv.

tNmZy-Øns‚ DØcw ]q¿hm-\p- -h-Øn¬\n∂pw Is≠-Ø-Ww. ]q¿hm-

\p- -h-ß-fpsS tiJ-c-amWv NnØw. kvarXn-cq-]-Ønepw hnkvarXn cq]-

Øn-ep-amWv NnØw ]h¿Øn-°p-∂-Xv. NnØ-Øn¬ sXfn™ DØcw

icntb sXt‰m F∂p \n›-bn-°p-∂Xv _p≤n-bm-Wv. _p≤nsb AXp-

sIm≠v \n›-bm-flnIm F∂p ]d-bp-∂p. Al-¶mcw A`n-am-\n-bm-Wv.

_p≤n \n›-bn® H∂ns\ X\nbv°p thWtam th≠tbm F∂ ]nbm-

]nb cq]-Øn-ep≈ ]Xn-I-c-W-amWv Al-¶m-c-Øn-t‚-Xv.

Cßs\ Ic-tW-µn-b-I-tf-_-cm-Zn-I-fm¬ \mw A\p- -hn-®p-t]m-cp∂

Cu PK-Øns‚ clkyw Adn-bp-hm-\mbn ]pXn-sbmcp hnNm-c-co-Xnsb

Ah-ew-_n-t°-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. AXv A¥¿ap-J-amb a\-\-am-Wv. Aßs\

a\\w sNøp-tºmƒ \mw Xs∂-bm-bn-cn-°p∂ Bfl-kq-cy≥ Adn-hns‚

AXn-hn-i-Zm-Im-i-Øn¬ DZn-®p-b¿∂p-\n¬°p∂ Hc-\p- -h-km-£mXvImcw

kw -hn-°p-∂p. B Htc-sbmcp Bfl-kq-cys‚ _lp-hn-[-amb kv pc-

Wß-fmWv FÆn-bm-sem-Sp-ßmØ \ma-cq-]m-fl-I-amb Cu ]]©w.

tXdpI F∂m¬ Bfl-k-Øbpw Rm\pw At -Z-am-sW-∂-dn-bp-∂ A\p-

-h-am-Wv.

3shfn-bn-en-cp∂p hnh¿Ø-anßp ImWpw

shfn-ap-X-emb hn`q-Xn-b-©p-tam¿Øm¬

Pe-\n-[n-X-∂n-ep-b¿∂nSpw Xcw-Km˛

hen-b-Xp-t]msebt -Z-ambv htc-Ww.

shfn-bn-en-cp∂v ˛ shfn-bn-en-cn-°p-∂Xp-t]mse

hnh¿Øw Cßp ImWpw ˛ hnh¿Ø-cq-]-Øn¬ \mw ImWp∂

shfn-ap-X-emb ˛ BImiw apXemb

hn`q-Xn-b©pw ˛ A©p `qX-ßsfbpw

Hm¿Øm¬ ˛ a\-\-hn-t[-b-am-°n-bm¬

Pe-\n-[n-X-∂n¬ ˛ IS-en¬

Db¿∂n-Spw ˛ D≠mbn ad-bp∂

Xcw-Km-hen ˛ Xnc-I-fpsS \nc

AXp-t]mse ˛ F∂-Xp-t]mse

At`-Z-ambv htcWw ˛ At`-Z-ambn hc-Ww.

]]©w ]©-`q-Xm-fl-I-am-Wv. BImiw, hmbp, A·n, Pew,

]rYn-hn F∂n-h-bmWv ]©-`q-X-ßƒ. ]©-`q-X-ßƒsIm-≠mWv ]]-

©-Øn-ep-ff I√pw ]p√pw ]pgbpw ]pgphpw am\pw a\p-jy\psa-√mw-

D-≠m-bn-´p-f-f-Xv. F∂p ]d-™m¬, ChnsS hnti-j-cq-]-Øn¬ h¿Øn-

°p∂ As√-¶n¬ hnhn-[-cq-]-Øn¬ ImW-s∏Sp∂ F√m-‰n\pw BZn-a-

amb Hcp GI-kØbp≠v; Hcp aqe-Im-cWap≠v. s]s´∂p t\m°p-

tºmƒ Cu aqe-Im-c-WsØ \ap°p ImWm≥ Ign-bp-I-bn-√. IS-en¬

Xnc-Iƒ apd-ap-d-bmbn Db¿s∂m-Sp-ßn-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂Xp ImWp-tºmƒ

IS-en¬\n∂pw Xnc-Iƒ thsd-bm-sW-∂p-ff ]Xo-Xn-bmWv \Ω-fn¬

Dfhm-Ip-∂-Xv. F√m Xnc-am-e-Iƒ°pw Imc-W-am-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv IS-em-Wv.

IS-en-emWv Xnc-am-e-I-fpsS At -ZyX Adn-tb-≠-Xv. AXp-t]mse shfn-

bn-en-cn-°p∂ F√m hnj-b-ßƒ°pw Imc-W-am-bn-cn-°p∂ Hcp ]c-sh-

fn-bp-≠v. B ]c-sh-fn-bn¬ As√-¶n¬ NnZm-Im-i-Øn¬ F√m-‰n-t\bpw

t`Z-a-‰-dn-b-Ww. Aßs\ Adn-bp-tºmƒ ⁄m\w B\p- q-Xn-I-ambn

amdpw.

4 Adn-hp-a-dn-™n-Sp-a¿∞hpw ]pam≥X˛

∂dn-hp-sam-cm-Zn-a-l- p-am-X-am-Ipw

hnc-f-X-hn´p hnf-ßp-a-Ω-l-Øm˛

adn-hn-e-a¿∂Xp amX-am-bn-tS-Ww.

Adnhpw ˛ Adn-bpI F∂ ]In-bbpw

Adn-™nSpw A¿∞hpw ˛ Adn-bp∂ hnj-bhpw

]pam≥X≥ Adnhpw ˛ ‘Adn-bp-∂-h≥’ F∂ t_m-[hpw

Hcp BZn-a-l v ˛ Htc-sbmcp BZn-a-amb tPymXn v

amX-amIpw ˛ amX-am-Wv.

hnc-fX hn´p ˛ AIw ]p-d-ß-fn-√msX

hnf-ßpw ˛ Pzen-®p-\n¬°p∂

AΩ-lØmw ˛ B al-Ømb

Adn-hn¬ Aa¿∂v ˛ Bfl-k-Ø-bn¬ hne-bn®v

AXp-am-X-am-bn-tS-Ww ˛ AXp-am-X-am-bn-Øo-c-Ww.

Cµn-b-ß-fn-eqsS I≠pw tI´pw aWØpw cpNn®pw sXm´pw Hs°

Adn-bmw. A¥°-c-W-Øn-eqsS Nn¥n®pw Adn-bmw. F√m Adn-hnepwAdn-bm-\mbn Hcp hnj-b-ap-≠v. hnj-b-sØ-bm-Wn

hnsS Adn-™n-Sp-a¿∞w F∂p ]d-bp-∂-Xv. ImWp-I, tIƒ°pI, Nn¥n-°pI F∂n-h-sb√mw Adn-sh∂ ]In-b-bpsS hnhn-[-amb kwth-Z\-

fm-Wv. GXp hnj-bsØ Adn-bp-tºmgpw ‘Rm≥ Adn-bp-∂-h≥’ F∂⁄mXrXzw \Ω-n-sems° ImWp-∂p-≠v. Cßs\, Adn-bp-∂-h≥˛Adn-

bp-I˛Adn-b-s∏-Sp∂ hnjbw Chsb aq∂nt\bpw tN¿ØmWv thZm-¥n-Iƒ ‘Xn]pSn’ F∂p hnfn°p∂-Xv. A⁄m-\-Øn-en-cn-°p∂ Poh\v

ico-c-Xm-Zmflyw D≠m-Ip-tºmgmWv Cß-s\-bp-ff Xn]p-So-t`-Z-tØm-sS-bp-≈ Adn-hp-≠m-Ip-∂-Xv. F∂m¬ ⁄mt\mZ-bØn¬ Htc-sbmcp

BZn-a-⁄m-\-Øns‚ aq∂p ]ncn-hp-Iƒ amX-amWv CsX∂v \ap°pt_m[y-am-Ipw. BZn-a-l- m-Is´ F√m-bn-SØpw \nd-™p-hn-e-kp∂

Bfl-kØXs∂-bm-Wv. k¿∆-hym-]-I-XbmWv B Bfl-k-Ø-bpsSkz`m-hw. AsX-t∏mgpw hnf-ßn-s°m-≠n-cn-°pw. al-Øm-bn-cn-°p∂ Cu

BZn-a-⁄m-\-Øn¬ Aen™v, AXp-am-X-ambnØocp-∂-XmWv Pohn-

X-Øns‚ ]c-a-amb B\-µw.

5

De-I-cp-d-ßn-bp-W¿∂p Nn¥ sNøpw

]e-Xp-an-sXm-s°-bp-ap-‰p- ]m¿Øp -\n¬°pw

hne-a-Xn-bmX hnf-°p-Zn-°bpw ]n≥˛

s]men-I-bp-an-√nXp I≠p t]mbn-tS-Ww.

De-I¿ ˛ km[m-cW P\-ßƒ

Dd-ßn- ˛ DdßpIbpw

DW¿∂v ˛ DW-cp-Ibpw

Nn¥-sNøpw ]eXpw ˛ ]e-]e Nn¥-I-fpw sNøp∂p.

CsXm-s°bpw ˛ a\p-jy-\nse Cu hyhlm-c-ßsf

D‰p-]m¿Øp-\n¬°pw ˛ D‰p-t\m-°n-s°m-≠n-cn-°p∂

hne-a-Xn-bmX hnf°v ˛ Aaq-ey-amb Bfl-Zo-]am-Is´

DZn-°bpw ˛ DZn-°p-Ibpw

]n≥s]m-en-Ibpw C√ ˛ ]ns∂ AWbp-Ibpw sNøp-∂n-√.

CXpI≠p t]mbn-tSWw ˛ Cu Bfl-Zo-]sØ I≠pPoho°Ww.

km[m-cW a\p-jy-cpsS PohnXw I≠n- nt√? Dd°w, DW¿® F∂o

c≠p [ph-ßƒ°n-S-bn¬ AhcpsS PohnXw ]e-]-e-hym-]m-c-ß-fn-eqsSDub-emSn Ifn-°p-I-bm-Wv. FX-sbX Nn¥-I-fmWv Ah-¿°pf-f-Xv? FX-

sbX kz]v\-ßƒ? BÀm-Z-Øn-eq-sSbpw bmX-\-bn-eq-sSbpw Ah¿IS∂pt]mIp-∂p. Ch-sbms° Ca-sh- msX I≠p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂ Hcp

IÆv F√m-h-cp-sSbpw D≈ns‚ Df-fn-ep-≠v. \S-cm-P-Kp-cp-hn\v Cu IÆvdialectical eye Bbn-cp-∂p. inh- -‡-\-am¿°v CXv inhs‚ aq∂mw-I-

Æm-Wv. Zm¿i-\n-I-∑m¿°v CXv Dƒ°-Æm-Wv. ]t£, Aß-s\-sbmcpIÆv F√m-‰n-t\bpw I≠p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xmbn ]ecpw Adn-bm-dn-√.

Aaq-ey-amb Hcp hnf-°n-t\m-SmWv Cu IÆns\ Kpcp D]-an-®n-cn-

°p-∂-Xv. B hnf°v A\m-Zn-bmb Hcp Zo]-am-Wv. Fs∂∂pw IØn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-∂XmWv. GsX-¶nepw Hcp ImeØv Hcmƒ IØn-®p-h-®-

X-√. IØn-®p-h-®-Xm-sW-¶n¬ C‘\w Xo¿∂m¬ AXp sI´p-t]m-Ip-sa-∂p-d-∏m-Wv. F∂m¬ CXv sI´p-t]m-hp-I-bn-√. a\p-jys‚ \nc¿∞-I-

amb Pohn-XsØ km¿∞-I-am°nØo¿°m≥ Kpcp ]d-bp-∂p : ‘Cuhnf-°ns\ I≠p-t]m-bn-tS-Ww.’ CXn-s‚- A¿∞w \o \ns∂-Øs∂

Adn™v Pohn-°Ww F∂m-Wv. \o Xs∂-bmWv Cu temI-Øn-s‚hnf-°m-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv F∂-dn-b-Ww. CXv ⁄m\m-ar-X-am-Wv.

6 DW-c-W-an-∂n-bp-d-ßWw `pPn-®o˛

SW-a-i\w ]pW-tc-W-sa-∂n-h-Æw

AW-bp-a-t\-I-hn-Iev]-am-I-bmem˛

cpW-cp-h-Xp-s≈mcp \n¿hn-Im-c-cq-]w?

DW-cWw ˛ DW-cWw

C\n Dd-ßWw ˛ ]ns∂ Dd-ß-Ww

`pPn-®o-S-Ww A-i\w ˛ `£Ww Ign-°-Ww

]pW-tcWw ˛ C-W-tN-cWw

F∂n-hÆw ˛ CØ-c-Øn-ep-≈

At\Ihn-Iev]w ˛ ]e-X-c-Øn¬ a\- ns\ N©-en-∏n-

®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂ XmXv]-cy-ßƒ

AWbpw ˛ \sΩ hen-®n-g°pw.

BI-bm¬ ˛ C°m-c-W-Øm¬

Hcp \n¿hn-Im-c-cq]w ˛ am‰-an-√mØ Bflk-XysØ

Bcv DW-cp-h-Xp-≈Xv? ˛ Bcpw ]q¿Æ-ambn DW¿∂-dn-bp-

∂n-√-t√m?

km[m-cW a\p-jys‚ XmXv]-cy-ßƒ £W-]-`m-N-©-e-ß-fm-

Wv. Aev]-t\cw amXw \ne-\n∂v sI´p-t]m-Ip-∂-h-bm-Wv. Dd-°-Øn¬\n∂pw DW¿s∂Wo-°p∂ Ah≥ CjvS-ap-ff t`mPy-ßƒ

Is≠Øn hmcnhen®p Xn∂p-∂p. Ipd®p Ign-bp-tºmƒ Ah\pCWsb hmcn-∏p-W-cW-sa∂p tXm∂pw. £oWn-°p-tºm-ƒ InS∂pd-

ßpw. Cßs\ amdnamdnhcp∂ XmXv]-cy-ß-sf-bmWv hnIev]ßƒF∂p ]d-bp-∂-Xv. Hcp Znh-k-sØ Pohn-X-Øn\nSbn¬Xs∂ \ΩpsS

a\ v Ht´sd `m¥-amb BKlßƒ°p ]n∂mse ]m™p-t]m-Ip-∂Xp \mw ImWm-dp-≠v. F¥n-\m-Wn-ßs\ a\ v ]m™p-sIm-≠n-cn°p-

∂Xv?

Bcpw AXn-s\-°p-dn®v Nn¥n-°m-dn-√. Cu Xnc-°n-\n-S-bn¬ Pohn-X-Øns‚ bYm¿∞ e£yw ad-∂p-t]m-Ip-∂p. \n¿hn-Im-c-amb kzmfl-k-

Øsb \mw ad-∂p-t]m-Ip-∂p. temI-hn-j-b-ß-fn-te°v DW¿∂n-cn-°p-∂-Xp-sIm≠v Bfl-kz-cq-]-Øn-te°v DW-cp-hm≥ Ign-bp-∂n-√. temI-

hn-j-b-ß-fn-¬ Dd-ßp-Ibpw Bfl-k-Ø-bn¬ DW-cp-Ibpw thWw. Kpcp-hns‚ Cu D]-tZiw tIƒ°p-tºm-sg-¶nepw \ΩpsS D≈n¬ B DW¿®

D≠m-I-Ww. BcpwXs∂ F¥p-sIm-≠mWv Cu Bfl-k-Øsb Adn-bm-Xn-cn-°p-∂Xv F∂ Hcp- ]-cn-tZ-h-\-kzcw Cu t«mI-Øn¬ [z\n-°p-

∂p-≠v. AXp-sIm≠v Bflm-hns\ Adn-bp-hm≥th≠n Pohn-XsØ \mwhn\n-tbm-Kn-°-Ww. AXmWv Kpcp \ap°p Xcp∂ D]-tZ-iw...-..B-tflm-

]-tZ-iw.

7

DW-c-cp-Xn∂nbpd-ßn-Sm-Xn-cp-∂o˛

SW-a-dn-hm-bn-Xn-\n-∂-tbm-Ky-s\-∂m¬

]W-h-ap-W¿∂p ]nd-s∏m-gn™p hmgpw

ap\n-P-\-tk-h-bn¬ aq¿Øn \n¿Øn-tS-Ww.

DW-c-cpXv C\n ˛ hn-j-b-ß-fn-te°v C\n DW-c-cpXv.

Dd-ßn-SmsX Ccp-∂o-SWw˛ Bfl-t_m-[-Øn¬\n∂pw hyXn-N-

en-®p-t]m-ImsX Ccn-°-Ww.

Adn-hmbv ˛ Rm≥ Adn-hm-sW∂v Adn-b-Ww.

CXn\v C∂v ˛ Bfl-\n-jvT-\m-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xn\v

Atbm-Ky≥ F∂m¬ ˛ tbmKy\s√∂p hcn-I-bmsW¶n¬

]Whw DW¿∂v ˛ Bfl-t_m[w D≈n-ep-W¿∂v

]nd-s∏m-gn™v hmgpw ˛ P\-\-a-c-W-ß-fpsS NmIn-I-X

bn¬\n∂pw ap‡-\mbncn-°p∂

ap\n-P-\-tk-h-bn¬ ˛ Hcp Kpcp-hns\ tkhn-°p-∂-Xnepw

]km-Zn-∏n-°p-∂-Xnepw

aq¿Øn \n¿Øn-tSWw ˛ apgp-h≥ i≤-tbbpw GtIm-]n-

∏n®p \ndpØ-Ww.

ASpØ hoń¬ Fhn-sS-sb-¶nepw ]e-lm-c-ßƒ Nps -Sp-°p∂aWw aq-°n-e-Sn-®m¬ Adn-bmsX a\ p ]dbpw: Hcp akm-e-tZmiXn∂m≥ Inń-bn-cp-s∂-¶n¬! hmbn¬ shffw h∂p\nd-bpw. FX s]s -∂mWv \Ωƒ ]tem- -\-ßƒ°v hiw-h-Z-cm-Ip-∂Xv? Nq≠-ens‚ sImfp-Øn¬ aÆn-csb sImcp-Øn v ao≥]n-SnØ-°m-c≥ a’ysØ ]tem- n-∏n-°p-∂-Xp-t]m-se-bmWv ]IrXn \ΩpsS ap∂n-te°v hnj-b-ßsf Fdn-™n´p Xcp-∂Xv. hnj-b-ß-sf-b√ \mw BXy-¥n-I-ambn Adn-tb≠-Xv;\sΩØs∂-bm-Wv. AXn-\mWv Kpcp Du∂n-∏-d-bp-∂-Xv: DW-c-cp-Xn-\nF∂v. CXn-\¿∞w InS-∂p-d-ßWw F∂-√. AtX-t]m-se-Xs∂thsdmcp sX‰v kw -hn-°p-∂Xv, Bfl-ÿn-X-\mb \mw A°mcyw ad-∂p-t]m-Ipw. Xm≥ Bflm-hm-sW∂ Imcyw ad-∂m¬ AsXmcp Dd-°-am-Wv. AXp-sIm≠v Dd-ßmsX Adn-hmbn Ccn-°-Ww. \mcm-b-W-Kp-cp-hns\kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØmfw Adnhpw Bflmhpw H∂p-X-s∂-bm-Wv. F√m-h¿°pw Cßs\ Bfl-\njvT Inń-sb∂p hcn-√. ho≠pw ho≠pwHmtcmtcm temI-Im-cy-ß-fn-te°v a\ p hgp-Xn-t∏m-Ipw.

CsXmcp Atbm-Ky-X-bm-Wv. Cu Atbm-Ky-Xsb Xncn-®-dn-b-Ww.F∂mte t]mwh-gn-bp-f-fq. kzbta kzÿ-\m-Im≥ ]‰p-∂n-s√-¶n¬ HcpKpcp-hns\ kao-]n-°-Ww. B Kpcp-hm-Is´ A¥-cm-flm-hn¬ \mZm-\p-`qXn D≠psIm≠ncn-°p-∂- alm-flmhm-Wv. Kpcp-hns‚ c≠p e£W-ßƒ ChnsS FSpØp ]d-bp-∂p-≠v. ]W-h-ap-W¿∂-h≥ F∂pw ]nd-s∏m-gn-™-h≥ F∂pw. Cß-s\-bp-ff Hcp Kpcp-hn-s\-Ø-s∂ Is≠-Ø-Ww. F∂n v B Kpcp-hns\ tkhn®v apgp-h≥ i≤bpw hnizm-khpwKpcp-hn¬ A¿∏n®v Pohn-°-Ww. Iptd-\mƒ Ign-bp-tºmƒ \Ωnse

Zp¿hm-k-\-I-sf√mw £bn-°pw. kZv-hmk-\-Iƒ ]pjvSn]m]n-°pw.

shfn-®-Øns‚ km∂n-≤y-Øn¬ Ccp-ń\v ÿm\-an-√t√m?

8

Hfn- ap-Xemw ]g-a-©p-ap≠p \mdpw

\fn-I-bn-tedn \tb\ amdn-bmSpw

Infn-I-sf-b-©p-a-cn™p Iogva-dn°pw

shfn-hp-cp-th-¥n-bIw hnf-ßn-tS-Ww.

Hfn apXemw ˛ IÆns‚ hnj-b-amb cq]w XpS-ßnb

]gw A©pw ˛ hnj-b-ß-fm-Ip∂ A©p ]g-ßfpw

D≠v ˛ `pPn®v As√-¶n¬ A\p-`-hn®v

\mdpw \fn-I-bn¬ Gdn ˛ Cu \mdp∂ ico-c-Øn¬ hkn®v

\tb\ amdn-bmSpw ˛ CjvSm-\p-kmcw hnj-bßfn¬

amdnamdn can-°p∂ Infn-Isf A©pw

˛ ⁄mt\µn-b-ß-fmIp∂ A©p

Infn-I-tfbpw

Acn™p Iogva-dn°pw ˛ A∏msS hcp-Xn-bn¬ hcp-Øp∂

shfn-hpcp G¥n˛ hnthIkz-cq]sØ ]m]n®v

AIw ˛ A¥-cm-flmhn¬

hnf-ßn-tSWw ˛ DW¿∂p h¿Øn-°-Ww.

CsXmcp D]-a-bm-Wv. Poh≥ t`mKy-hn-izsØ A\p-`-hn-®p-sIm-≠n-

cn-°p-∂Xv A©p C-µn-b-ß-fn-eq-sS-bm-Wv. A©p Cµn-b-ß-sf-bmWvA©p Infn-I-fmbn D]-an-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. hr£-Øns‚ Nn√-I-fn¬\n∂pw

Nn√-I-fn-te°v Nm©mSn, Hmtcmtcm ]g-ßƒ sImØn-t\m°nckn°p∂ Infn-I-sf-t∏m-se-bmWv \ΩpsS Cµn-b-ßƒ ]h¿Øn-°p-

∂-Xv. ico-csØ Hcp \fn-I-tbm-SmWv Kpcp D]-an-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. F¥p-sIm-s≠-∂m¬ icocw Hcp Ipg¬ t]mse-bmWv. B ico-c-Øn-em-Is´ Zp¿K‘w han-°p∂ hkvXp-°ƒ amXtabpf-fq. ico-c-Ønepff-

Xp-t]m-se-Xs∂ a\ pw Hcp amen-\y-°q-ºm-c-am-Wv. AXv t`mK-em-e-k-X-tbmsS temIsØ pPn-®-Xns‚ e-am-bn-´m-Wv. Rm≥ ico-c-am-sW-

∂p-ff [mc-W-bn¬\n∂mWv, Cµn-b-ßfm-Ip∂ Infn-Iƒ t`mKy-hn-iz-Øn\p]n∂mse ]mdn-]-d-°p-∂-Xv. Hcp th´-°m-c≥ H‰ shSn°v Infn-Isf Xmsg-

hogvØp∂-Xp-t]mse, \Ωfpw hnth-I-am-Ip∂ kzcq-]-ta¥n Cµn-b-ßfpsSB¿Ønsb Acn™p Iogva-dn-°-Ww. F∂mte ]q¿Æ-amb Bfl-km-

£m-XvImcw km[n-°p-I-bp-≈q.

9 Ccp-]p-dhpw hcp-am-d-h-ÿ-sb-∏q˛

sØmcp sImSnh∂p ]S¿∂p-b¿∂ptahpw

Xcp-hn-\-Sn°p X] psNbvXp hmgpw

\c\p hcm \cIw \n\-®n-tS-Ww.

Ccp-]p-dhpw ˛ c≠p ]pdhpw

hcp-amdv ˛ s]mXnbpamdv

]qØ Hcp sImSn ˛ ]pjv]n®p \n¬°p∂ Hcp

Im´p-h≈n IWs°

h∂p ]S¿∂v Db¿∂v ˛ hf¿∂v tate°v ]¥-en®v

tahpw ˛ ÿnXn sNøp∂

Xcp-hn-\-Sn°v ˛ ac-Øns‚ Nph-ń¬

X] p sNbvXp hmgpw ˛ X] v A\p-jvTn®p Ign-bp∂

\c\v ˛ a\p-jy\v

hcm \cIw ˛ \cIw D≠m-hp-I-bn-√.

\n\-®n-tSWw ˛ bmsXmcp kwi-b-hp-w th≠.

CsXmcp NnX-`m-j-bm-Wv (picture language). Cß-s\-bp-≈

t«mI-ßƒ°v Hcp _mlym¿∞hpw thsdmcp A¥-cm¿∞hpw D≠m-Ipw.- H‰ t\m´-Øn¬ Hcp ac-Øn\p Nph-ń¬ X] p sNøp∂ Hcp

k∂ym-kn-bpsS NnX-amWv \ΩpsS at\m-ap-Ip-c-Øn¬ A¶pcn-°p-I.c≠p h≈n-Iƒ h∂v B acsØ s]mXn-™n-cn-°p-∂Xv F¥n-\p-th-

≠n-bmWv? At∏m-gmWv \ap°v kwibw D≠m-Ip-∂-Xv. Cu acw km[m-cW ac-a-√. CXp ambm-a-c-am-Wv. amb-bpsS c≠p i‡n-I-fmWv Bh-

c-Whpw hnt£-]-hpw. B c≠p i‡n-Iƒ, c≠p h≈n-I-sf-t∏mseBflm-hns‚ kzcq-]sØ ad-®p-I-f-bpw. F∂m¬ [ym\-Øns‚ Dƒsh-fn-

hn¬ ambm-h-≈n-Iƒ°p ]n∂n¬ Bfl-kz-cq-]sØ DƒI-Æp-sIm≠pImWp∂ Xm]-kti-jvT\v PohnXw Hcn-°epw ZpxJ-`q-bn-jvT-am-bn-cn-°p-

I-bn-√. AXp-sIm-≠mWv Kpcp ]d-bp-∂Xv, [ym\-\n-c-X-\mb \c\v Hcn-°epw \cIw hcn-I-bn-s√-∂v. \cIw F∂m¬ ZpxJ-Øns‚ XohX Ft∂

A¿∞-ap-f-fq. CXneqsS ⁄m\m-\p-k-‘m-\-th-f-bn¬ X]- ns‚ A\n-hm-cy-Xsb Kpcp Du∂n-∏-d-bp-∂p.

10 “Ccp-fn-en-cn-∏-h-\mcv? sNm¬I \o”sb˛

s∂mcp-h-\p-c-∏-Xp-tI´p Xm\p-tahw

Adn-h-Xn-\m-b-h-t\mSp “\obp-am-sc”˛ ∂cp-fp-an-Xn≥ ]Xn-hm-Iy-ta-I-am-Ipw.

Ccp-fn¬ -˛ Ccp-ń¬

Ccn-∏-h≥ Bcv? ˛ Ccn-°p∂ \o BcmWv?

sNm¬I \o ˛ ]dbq

F∂v Hcp-h≥ Dc-∏Xv ˛ F∂v Hcp-h≥ tNmZn-°p-∂Xv

tI´v ˛ tIń´v

Xm\pw Ghw ˛ A]Imcw Ccp-fnen-cn-°p-∂-h\pw

Adn-h-Xn-\mbn ˛ BcmWv tNmZn-®-sX-∂-dn-bm-\mbn

Ah-t\mSv ˛ tNmZyw tNmZn-®-h-t\mSv

\obpw Bcv ˛ \obpw BcmWv?

F∂v Acpfpw ˛ F∂nßs\ tNmZn-°pw.

CXn≥ ]Xn-hmIyw ˛ Ch-cpsS c≠p-t]-cp-tSbpw

tNmZy-ßƒ°p-ff DØcw

GI-amIpw ˛ H∂pX-s∂-bm-bn-cn°pw.

Bflm-hns‚ A\n-tj-[y-amb D◊sb X¿°-an-√mØ coXn-bn¬ Ah-

X-cn-∏n-°p∂ Hcp ]co-£-W-amWv \mcm-bW-Kpcp \ap°p ImWn-®p-X-cp-∂-Xv. \√ Ccp- p-≈ apdn-bn-te°v Hcmƒ IS∂p hcp-∂p. B apdn-bn¬ Hcmƒ

Ccn-°p-∂p-≠v. IS-∂p-h-cp∂ Bƒ°v apdn-bn¬ Btcm Ds≠∂ tXm∂¬Df-hm-b-t∏mƒ tNmZn-°p-I-bm-Wv: BcmWv Ccp- Øv Ccn-°p-∂Xv? At∏mƒ

Ccp- Øv Ccn-°p∂ Bƒ DØ-cw ]dbpw: ‘Rm≥’ F∂v. Ccp- -Øn-cn-°p∂Bƒ IS-∂p-h-cp∂ Bfn-t\mSp Hcp adp-tNmZyw tNmZn-°pw: ‘\o BcmWv?’At∏mƒ Abmƒ ]d-bpw: -‘Rm≥’ F∂v. c≠p-t]-cp-tSbpw DØcw -‘Rm≥’F∂pXs∂. Cu c≠p hy‡n-I-fnepw Ccn-°p∂ -‘Rm≥’ F∂ kØ°v

hyXym-k-apt≠m? Ah-[m-\-]q¿∆w Xnc™p a\- n-em-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬Htc-sbmcp kØXs∂-bmWv \Ω-fn-se-√m-h-cnepw -‘Rm≥’ F∂

t_m[sØ Df-hm-°p-∂-Xv.

11

‘Al-a-l-’sa-∂-cp-fp-∂-sXm-s°-bm-cm˛

bpIn-e-Ita ]e-X-√-tX-I-amIpw

AI-ep-a-l-¥-b-t\-I-am-I-bm-eo˛

XpI-bn-elws]mcpfpw XpS¿∂n-Sp-∂p.

Alw Alw F∂v ˛ Rm≥ Rm≥ F∂v

Acp-fp-∂-sXms° ˛ \mw ]d-bp-∂-Xn-s\-sb√mw

Bcm-bp-In¬ ˛ Xnc™p a\- n-em-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬

AIta ]e-X√ ˛ Dƒkmc-Øn¬ sht∆-sd-b-√,

GI-amIpw ˛ H∂p-X-s∂-bmWv.

AIepw ˛ F∂nse Rm≥ thsd Ah-\nse

Rm≥ thsd F∂ Xc-Øn-ep-ff

Al¥ ˛ Rm≥ F∂ `mhw

At\Iw BI-bm¬ ˛ At\-I-amsW-¶nepw

Cu XpI-bn¬ ˛ Rm≥, Rm≥ F∂ `mh-ß-fp-sS-

sb√mw kmcw H∂m-sW∂ Xc-Øn¬

Alws]mcpfpw ˛ s]mcp-fm-bn-cn-°p∂ ]c-am¿∞-Øn-

ep-≈ Rm≥

XpS¿∂n-Sp∂p ˛ B[m-c-k-Xy-ambn \ne-sIm-≈p-∂p.

F√m a\p-jycpw Ah-c-hsc kw_-‘n-°p∂ Imcy-ßƒ ]d-bp-tºmƒ ‘Rm≥’ F∂mWv ]d-bm-dv. FX Bfp-Iƒ D≠m-bmepw Ah-

sc-√m-hcpw ‘Rm≥’ F∂mWv Ahch-sc-°p-dn®p ]d-bp-∂-Xv. Ign™t«mI-Øn¬ \S-Ønb ]co-£-W-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ F√m-h-cn-

ep-an-cn-°p∂ ‘Rm≥’ H∂p-X-s∂-bmWv F∂v ]co-£n®v Adn-™p-I-gn-™p. ih-Ww, a\-\w, \nZn-[ym-k-\w Ch aq∂pw tN¿∂p-ff Hc-t\z-j-

W-Øn-eqsS amXta ‘Rm≥’ F∂ Bfl-kXyw F√m-h-cnepw H∂m-sW∂v B\p- q-Xn-I-ambn Adn-bm≥ Ign-bp-I-bp-≈q. A\p- -h-ÿ-\mb

Hcp Kpcp-hn≥\n∂pw t\cn´p tIƒ-°-Ww. AXp ih-Ww. tI -Xns\Bg-Øn¬ ]cn-Nn-¥\w sNø-Ww. AXp a\-\w. a\\w Afl-ÿn-X-am-

Ip-tºmƒ AXp \nZn-[ym-k-\w. AI-ep-w A-l¥ F∂p ]d-bp-∂Xv thsdthsd F∂v \Ω-fn¬ tXm∂n-∏n-°p∂ Alw-t_m-[-sØ-bmWv. A⁄m-

\w-sIm-≠mWv Aß-s\-sbmcp tXm∂¬ D≠mIp-∂-Xv. A⁄m-\-h-i-K-cm-bn-cn-°p-∂-h¿, ‘Rm≥’ F∂p ]d-bp-∂-Xn-eqsS ico-c-Øn-t\m-Sp-ff

XmZm-flysØ Duń-bp-d-∏n-°p-I-bmWv sNøp-∂-Xv. B A⁄m-\sØ\o°w sNøp-tºmƒ F√m Rm\p-I-fnepw kmc-am-bn-cn-°p∂ GI-amb

Bfl-kØ amXta kXy-am-bn- p-≈q F∂v Gh¿°pw A\p- -hn-®-dn-bm≥ Ign-bpw.

12sXmen-bp-sa-ep-ºp-aew Zpc-¥-a-¥x˛

Ie-I-fp-ta-¥p-a-l-¥-sbm-∂p ImÏ!

s]men-bp-an-X\y s]men™p ]q¿Æ-amIpw

hen-sbm-c-l¥ hcm hcw Xtc-Ww.

sXmenbpw ˛ N¿Ωhpw

Fepºv ˛ F√p-Ifpw

aew ˛ amen-\y-ßfpw

Zpc¥w A¥xI-e-Ifpw ˛ ZpxJ-tlXp-I-amb hm-k-\-Ifpw

G¥pw Al¥ ˛ hln-°p∂ Al-¥sb

H∂p ImÏ ˛ H∂p ImWp-I.

s]menbpw ˛ \in-®p-t]m-Ip∂

CXv A\y ˛ CXv Ahn-Zy-bmb A\y-bmWv.

s]men™p]q¿Æ-amIpw ˛ AhnZym-\m-i-Øn-eqsS ]q¿ÆX

ssIh-cn-°pw.

hen-sbm-c-l¥ ˛ Xm≥ hen-b-h-\m-sW∂ Al¥

hcm-hcw XtcWw ˛ hcm-Xn-cn-°m-\p-ff hcw Xtc-Ww.

ico-csØ apgp-h\pw s]mXn-™n-cn-°p-∂Xv sXmen-sIm-≠m-Wv. Cu

sXmen-bpsS ASn-bn¬ amwk-ap-≠v. icocw amwk-_≤w amX-a-√.

AXns\ Xmßn-\ndpØp∂ Hcp F√n≥Iq-Sp-≠v. ico-c-Øns‚ ]pdw- mKw

FX hrØn-bm-°n-h-®mepw D≈n¬ No™p-\m-dp∂ hkvXp-°-fmWv InS-

°p-∂-Xv. \Ωƒ Ign-°p∂ `£-Whpw sh≈hpw F√mw aq∂p aWn-

°q¿ Ign-bp-tºmƒ hfn-®p-\m-dm≥ XpS-ßpw. AXpamXa√, a\- ns‚

D≈n¬ Hfn-™n-cn-°p∂ hmk-\-Iƒ AXnepw Agp-In-b-Xm-Wv. Akq-

b, Cu¿jy, tIm]w, aZw, am’-cyw, Zw`w Chsb√mw Pohn-XsØ

k¶p-Nn-X-am-°p-∂- Zqjyhmk-\-Ifm-Wv. Chsb√mw IqSn-bp≈ \ΩpsS

Pohn-XsØ H∂p t\m°n-°m-W-Ww.

Bfl-kzcq-]-Øn¬ CsXm-∂p-an-√. Bfl-kz-cq]w kz—-kp-µ-c-am-Wv.

AhnsS kuc`yw amXta D≈q. AXn-cp-I-fn-√mØ hnim-e-X-bmWv

Bflm-hns‚ Xew. Bflm-\p- hw D≠m-Ip-∂-Xn\v Cu Al¥ s]men-

™p-t]m-I-Ww. ]q¿Æ-am-b Bflm-\p- hw D≠mIp-∂-Xp-hsc hmk-\-

Iƒ Fcn-™-S-tß-≠-Xp-≠v. AXn-\n-S-bn¬ Nne BfpI-fn¬ hen-sbm-

c-l¥ h∂v Ah-cpsS \√-Po-hn-XsØ Xmdp-am-dm-°m-dp-≠v. Rm≥

⁄m\n-bm-Wv, Rm≥ Cuiz-c--\mWv, Rm≥ alm-\mWv Fs∂ms°

kzbw hnNm-cn-°p-tºmƒ Abmƒ henb Hcp Al¥bp≈ Bfm-Wv.

B Al-¥bpw s]men-™p-t]m-IWw. AXp s]s´∂p s]men-bp-I-bn-

√. AXn\p Cuiz-cm-\p-Klhpw Kpcp-Im-cp-Wyhpw thWw. AXp-sIm≠v

]m¿∞-\m-cq-]-Øn¬ hen-sbm-c-l¥ hcmXncn-°m≥ hcw XtcWw

F∂p A¿∞n-°-Ww.

13XnKp-W-abw Xncp-\o-d-Wn-s™m-co-i˛

∂I-a-cecn´p hWßnb£amdn

kI-e-a-gn™p XWn™p tIh-e-Øn≥˛

aln-a-bp-a‰p al- n-em-Wn-tS-Ww.

XnKp-W-abw ˛ kØzw, cP- v, Xa v F∂o

aq∂p KpW-ßsf Icn-s®-SpØ

Xncp-\o¿ AWn™ ˛ `kvaw ]qin-bn-cn-°p∂

Hcp Cui\v ˛ GI-\mb Cuizc\v

AI-a-e-cn´v ˛ k¶ev]-ß-fm-Ip∂ ]q°ƒ

A¿∏n®v

hWßn ˛ ka¿∏-W-a-t\m-`m-h-tØm-Sp-IqSn

A£w Bdn ˛ Cµn-b-ßƒ°phnj-b-ß-tfm-Sp-≈

sImXn Bdn-Ø-WpØv

kIew Agn™v ˛ F√m euIn-I-_-‘-\-ßfn¬

\n∂pw ap‡-\mbn

XWn™v ˛ im¥-Nn-Ø-\mbn

tIh-e-Øn≥ ˛ tIh-e-am-b-Xns‚

aln-a-bp-a‰v ˛ A¤p-Xm-Z-c-ßfpw C√m-Xmbn

al- n¬ ˛ Bfl-tPym-Xn- n¬

BWn-tSWw ˛ B≠p-t]mbn AXm-bn-Øo¿∂n-tS-Ww.

]IrXn XnKp-Wm-fln-I-bm-Wv. kØzw, cP- v, Xa v F∂o aq∂p

KpW-ß-fmWv a\p-jys\ I¿Ω-ß-fpsS GSm-Iq-S-Øn-te°v

hen-®n-g-°p-∂-Xv. Cu aq∂p KpW-ß-fpsS \ocmfn-∏n-SnØ-Øn¬\n∂pw

ap‡-\m-I-W-sa-¶n¬ Cuiz-c-\n¬ ]q¿Æ-ambpw icWw Kan®n-cn-°-

Ww. Cuiz-c-\m-Is´, Cu aq∂p KpW-ß-tfbpw AXn-Po-hn®p

\n¬°p∂ GI-amb s]mcpfm-Wv. A°mcyw ]Xo-Im-fl-I-ambn kqNn-

∏n-°p-∂-XmWv `kvaw ]qin \rØw sNøp∂ XmWvU-h-\-S-cm-P≥.

AXns\ ]tcm-£-ambn amXta ChnsS [z\n-∏n-°p-∂p-≈q. \Ω-fpsS

k¶ev]-kq-\-ß-fmWv Cuiz-c\v A¿®-\-bmbn \¬Ip-∂-Xv. Ffn-a-tbm-

Sp-Iq-Sn-thWw F√m k¶ev]-ß-tfbpw I¿Ω-ß-tfbpw Cuiz-c\p

ka¿∏n-t°-≠-Xv. AXn-eqsS \ap°v Cµn-b-ß-fn¬ Np‰n-]-‰n-\n¬°p∂

Ima-\-Isf C√m-Xm-°m≥ Ign-bpw. Ima-\-I-fmWv temI-Øn¬ \sΩ

_‘n-∏n-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Cuiz-cm¿∏-W-Øm¬ kIe _‘-\-ßfpw Agn-™p-am-dpw. A¥°-c-W-Øn¬ ]ncn-ap-dp-°-ßƒ krjvSn®ncp∂

NqsS√mw XWp-Øp-d™v im¥n-Zm-b-I-amb Hc-\p- -hsØ D≈n-ep-≠m-°pw. CXv Cuiz-cm-\p-`-h-am-Wv. Cuiz-cm-\p-`hw D≠m-Ip-tºmƒ Adn-

bmsX \Ωƒ B B›-cy-]-c-X-bn¬ aXn-a-d∂v Hcp `m¥-s\-t∏msePohn-s®∂p hcmw. Ahn-sSbpw \mw \ΩpsS At\z-j-WsØ \ndp-

Øp-hm≥ ]mSn-√. ho≠pw ho≠pw ]q¿Æ-amb \ne ssIh-cn-°p-∂-Xp-hsc Bg-ß-fn-te°p t]mbvsIm-≠n-cn-°-Ww. cs≠-∂p-≈ mhw C√m-

Xm-Ip-∂-Xp-h-sc BZn-a-l- n¬ B≠p-sIm-≠n-cn-°-Ww.

14Xn`p-h-\-koa IS∂p Xnßn-hnßpw

Xn]pSn apSn™p sXfn-™n-Sp∂ Zo]w

I]-S-b-Xn°p Ic-ÿ-am-Ip-ho-se˛

∂p]-\n-j-Zp‡n cl-ky-tam¿Øn-tS-Ww.

Xn`p-h-\-koa IS∂v ˛ PmK-Øv, kz]v\w, kpjp]vXn

F∂o aq∂ptemI-ßƒ°pa∏pdØv

Xnßnhnßpw ˛ \nd™p-]-Im-in-°p-∂-Xmb

Xn]pSn apSn™p ˛ Xn]p-Sn-bpsS \mi-Øn-eqsS amXw

sXfn-™n-Sp∂ Zo]w ˛ km£m-XvI-cn-°m-hp∂ Bfl-Zo]w

I]-S-b-Xn°v - I≈-k-∂ym-kn°v

Ic-ÿ-am-Ip-hoe ˛ A\p-`-h-th-Zy-am-hp-I-bn-√

F∂ ˛ F∂ Xc-Øn-ep-≈

D]-\n-j-Zp-‡n-c-lkyw ˛ D]-\n-j-Øn¬ ]d-™n-cn-°p∂

cl-ky-amb Z¿i\w

Hm¿Øn-tSWw ˛ Ft∏mgpw Hm¿°Ww.

\ΩpsS A\p-`-h-ßƒ°v aq∂v AXn¿Øn-Iƒ Iev]n-°mw. H∂vDW¿∂n-cn-°p-tºmƒ A\p-`-hn-°p∂ temI-am-Wv. Cu Ah-ÿsb

PmK-Z-hÿ F∂mWv ]d-bpI. Cµn-b-ßfpw ]]-©hpw XΩn¬_‘-s∏´v Cu Ah-ÿ-bn¬ ]h¿Øn-°p-∂p. c≠m-asØ Ahÿ

kz]v\-am-Wv. kz]v\w ImWp∂ ka-bØv Cµn-b-ßƒ ]h¿Ø-\-\n-c-X-a-√. F∂m¬ \√ Dd-°-hp-a-√. kz]v\w ImWp∂ BfpsS D≈nse

]q¿hkva-c-W-I-fmWv kz]v\-ß-fmbn A\p-`-hn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.aq∂m-asØ Ah-ÿsb kpjp]vXn F∂p ]d-bpw. AXm-bXv Dd-°w.

Dd-°-Øn¬ H∂pw-Xs∂ Adn-bp-I-bn-√. F∂m¬ Dd-°-Øn¬\n∂pwDW¿∂m¬ \√ kpJ-ambn Ddßn F∂ tXm∂¬ D≠m-Ipw. DW¿∂-

Xn\p tijta Aß-s\-bp-ff Adn-hp-≠m-Ip-∂p-≈q.

Dd-ßp∂ ka-bØv Rm≥ kpJ-ambn Dd-ßp∂p F∂v Bcpw Adn-

bp-∂n-√. CXbpw A\p-`-h-ßƒ \ap-s°√mw ]cn-Nn-X-am-Wv. F∂m¬Hcp ⁄m\n-bpsS t_m[w Cu aq∂p temI-ßƒ°pw A∏p-d-Øp-ff

Hc-\p-`-h-Øn-em-Wv. B t_m[sØ ‘Xpco-bt_m[w’ F∂mWv D]-\n-j-Øn¬ ]d-bpI. Xn]pSn apSn™v sXfn-™n-Sp∂ Zo]w F∂v \mcm-

b-W-Kpcp hnfn-°p-∂Xv Xpco-b-t_m-[-sØ-bm-Wv. k∂ym-k-thjw sI´n\S-∂m-sem∂pw Xpco-bm-\p-`hw D≠m-hp-I-bn-√. Xpco-bm-\p-`-h-Øn\v

Xt]m-\n-c-X-amb At\z-jWw thWw. hb-‰p-∏n-g-∏n-\mbn thjw sI´n

\S-°p∂ k∂ym-kn-amsc AXp-sIm≠v I]-S-b-Xn-Iƒ F∂mWv ]d-

bp-∂-Xv. D]-\n-j-Øns‚ ]›m-Ø-e-Øn¬\n-∂psIm≠mWv KpcpC°mcyw ÿnco-Icn-°p-∂-Xv.

15]c-bpsS ]mep\pI¿∂ `mKy-hm-∑m¿˛

s°mcp ]Xn-\m-bn-c-am-s≠m-cev]-t\cw

Adn-h-]-c-]-Ir-Xn-°-[o-\-am-bm˛

ec-s\m-Sn-bm-bn-c-am-≠p-t]mse tXm∂pw.

]c-bpsS ]mev ˛ ]c-am-fl-⁄m-\-Øn¬\n∂pw

Dudn-hcp∂ B\-µm-\p-`hw

\pI¿∂ `mKy-hm-∑m¿°v˛ \pI¿∂ A\p-Kr-lo-X¿°v

Hcp ]Xn-\m-bn-c-am≠v ˛ Hcp ]Xn-\m-bncw h¿jwt]mepw

Hcev]-t\cw ˛ CØncn t\c-ambn A\p- -h-s∏Spw.

Adnhv ˛ t_m[w

A]-c-]-Ir-Xn°v ˛ X∂n¬\n∂pw A\y-amb ]Ir-Xn°v

A[o-\-am-bm¬ ˛ hi-s∏-´p-t]m-bm¬

Ac-s\mSn ˛ Ac-\n-anjw

Bbn-c-am-≠p-t]mse ˛ Hcm-bncw h¿jwt]mse

tXm∂pw ˛ A\p-`-h-s∏-Spw.

]c-a-amb A\p-`q-Xn-bn¬ Aa¿∂n-cn-°p∂ ⁄m\n-Iƒ°v Ime-t_m[w Hcp ]oU-\-ambn A\p-`-h-s∏-Sm-dn-√. Bflm-\p-`qXn B\-µ-

Øns‚ \nd-™p-I-hn-b-em-Wv. Bflm-\p-`q-Xn-bmWv ]c-bpsS ]mev.F√m-h¿°pw CXv A\m-bm-tk\ ]m]y-a-√. `mKy-hm-∑m¿t° AX-

\p-`-hn-°p-hm≥ Ign-bp-∂p-≈q. Hcp ]Xn-\m-bncw h¿jw-t]mepw Cß-s\-sbmcp A\p-`q-Xn-Z-i-bn¬ Hcp \nan-jw-t]mse tXm∂n-t∏m-Ipw.

F∂m¬ A⁄m-\-Øm¬ Ime-t_m[w Hcp-h-\n¬ \nd-™n-cn-°p-tºmƒ Hcp \nan-jw-X-s∂ Hcm-bncw h¿j-ßƒt]mse `mc-ap-≈-Xm-

bn-Øocpw. Imew a\- ns‚ Hcp krjvSn-bm-Wv. a\- n¬ kpJw D≠m-Ip-tºmƒ Ime-Øn\v \ofw Ipd-bpw. ZpxJ-ap-≠m-Ip-tºmƒ ImeØn\p

\ofw IqSpw. kabw \oßm-Ø-Xp-t]mse tXm∂pw. Cu kXyw B[p-\n-I-imkvXw ]d-bp-∂-Xn-\p-aptº Kpcp ]d-™pI-gn™p.

B¬_¿ v sF≥Ão≥ Hcp DZm-l-cWw ]d-bp-∂p-≠v. Np´p-]-gpØ

Hcp teml-Ø-In-Sn¬ Hcmsf ]nSn-®n-cp-Øn-bm¬ Abmƒ°v Hcp

\nanjwt]mepw Hcm-bncw h¿jw-t]mse tXm∂pw. F∂m¬ Imap-In-bpsSkvt\l-a-kr-W-amb Nqw_-\m-enw-K-\m-Zn-I-fn¬ \n¬hr-Xn-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂

Hcp-h\v aWn-°p-dp-Iƒ Ign-™p-t]m-bmepw Hcp \nan-jw-t]m-setb tXm∂p-I-bp-≈q.

16A[n-I-hn-im-e-a-cp-]-tZ-i-sam-∂mbv

\Zn s]cp-Ip-∂-Xp-t]mse h∂p \mZw

ipXn-I-fn¬ hoWp Xpd°pa-£n-sb∂pw

bX-an-bepw bXn-h-cy-\m-bn-tS-Ww.

A[n-I-hn-im-e-a-cp-]-tZiw˛ hfsc hnim-e-amb acp-`q-an-bn¬

H∂mbv ˛ BIth

\Zn-s]-cp-Ip-∂-Xp-t]mse˛ \Zn Ic-I-hn-s™m-gp-Ip-∂-Xp-t]mse

\mZw-h∂v ˛ ]W-h-[z\n Dd-h-s]m´n h∂v

ipXn-I-fn¬ hoWv ˛ Dƒ°m-Xn¬hoWv Xpd-°p-

w A£n ˛ AI-°Æp Xpd-∏n-°p∂p.

F∂pw bX-an-bepw ˛ CXn\v Ft∏m-gpw b-a\w ioe-am-°nb

bXn-h-cy≥ Bbn-tSWw ˛ k∂ym-kn-ti-jvT≥ Bbn-cn°Ww.

Bflm-\p- -hsØ Imhym-fl-I-am-bmWv Kpcp Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv.]c∂p hnim-e-ambn InS-°p∂ acp- q-an. B qan NqSp-sIm≠p X]n-®n-cn-

°p-I-bm-Wv. s]s´∂vv B acp- qan apgp-h≥ \nd™pIhn-s™m-gp-Ip∂Pe-]-hmlw Dd-h-s]m-´n-h-cnI-bm-sW-¶n¬ B A\p-`-hw \ΩpsS

k¶ev]sØ-t]mepw AXn-i-bn-∏n-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. acp- q-an-bpsS X]vX-lr-Z-b-Øn¬ \Zn-bpsS \\hv ]S¿∂v kpJ-io-X-fna ]I-cp∂ A\p-`q-Xn.

AXp-t]m-se-bmWv A¥-cm-flm-hn¬ \mZw DXn¿∂p-h∂v Dƒ°m-Xp-I-fn¬hoWv ⁄m\-N-£p- ns\ Xpd-∂p-X-cp-∂-Xv. Ahm-Ny-kp-µ-c-amb

A\p-`q-XnbmWv Kpcp Cu t«mI-Øn-eqsS ]I¿∂p-X-cphm≥ ian-°p-∂-Xv. \Ω-psS c≠p ImXp-Iƒ°pa∏p-dØv Adn-hns‚ am[p-cy-aqdp∂

\mZw ihn-°p∂ Hcp timX-ap-≠v. B timXw DW-c-W-sa-¶n¬ i≤thWw. ChnsS ]d-bp∂ IÆv ⁄m\-N-£p- m-Wv. ka-kvX-X-bnepw

Bfl-km-∂n≤yw Z¿in-°p∂ IÆmWv ⁄m\-N-£p- v. Bfl-kw-b-a\w ioe-am-°nb Hcp k∂ym-kn-h-cy\v amXta Cu A\p- qXn ssIh-

cn-I-bp-≈q.

17Ag-se-gp-a-©n-X-fm¿∂p c≠p -X- m-bv˛

®pg-ep-a-\mZnhnf°p Xq°n-bmflm

\ng-ep-cp-hm-sbcn-bp∂p s\øtXm ap≥˛

]g-Inb hmk\ h¿Øn hrØn-b-tX.

A©n-X-fm¿∂v ˛ A©p \mf-ß-tfmSp IqSn

c≠p X´mbv ˛ ÿqew, kq£vaw F∂o c≠p

X´pI-fmbn

Ag-segpw ˛ IØn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p∂,

Npgepw ˛ Np‰n-Øn-cn-™p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂

A\m-Zn-hn-f°v ˛ BZn-bn-√mØ Hcp Zo]w

Xq°n ˛ Xq°nbn´n-cn-°p-∂-Xp-t]m-se-

Bflm ˛ Bflmhv

\ng¬ Dcp-hmbv ˛ \ngemb icocw G¥n-sIm≠v

Fcn-bp∂p ˛ IØn--s°m-≠n-cn-°p-∂p.

s\øv AtXm ˛ hnf-s°-cn-bm-\p-ff s\øm-sW-¶ntem

ap≥ ]g-Inb hmk\ ˛ aptº \Ω-n¬ IpSn-sIm-≈p∂

]g°wsN∂ I¿Ω-hm-k-\-I-fm-Wv.

h¿Øn ˛ B hnf-°nse Xncn-I-fm-Is´, hrØn-

btX ˛ NnØ-hr-Øn-I-fm-Wv.

Hcp Xnc-»o-e-bn¬ sXfn-bp∂ Ne-®n-Xw-t]m-se-bmWv Kpcp Cut«mIw Na-®n--cn-°p-∂-Xv. A\m-Zn-bmb Bflmhv Hcp hnf-°p-t]mse Hmtcm-

cp-Ø-cnepw Fcn-™p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p-≠v. Htc-sbmcp Bflmhv Fcn-bp-tºmƒ Hcp \mfta ]mSp-≈q. F∂m¬ amb-bpsS Bh-cWhpw hnt£-

]hpw \nanØw Bflm-hn\v A©p \mf-ßƒ Df-f-Xp-t]mse tXm∂n-∏n-°p-∂p. ChnsS A©p \mf-ßƒ F∂p ]d-bp-∂Xv a\p-jy-i-co-c-Ønse

A©p ⁄mt\-µn-b-ßsfbmWv. ⁄mt\-µn-b-ß-fn-eqsS Bfl-Zo]w]Im-in-°p-tºm-gmWv \mw ImWp-∂Xpw tIƒ°p-∂Xpw aW-°p-∂Xpw

Hs°. Cu Zo]-Øn-\m-Is´, c≠p X´p-Ifp≠v. H∂p am\-kn-Iw (con-ceptual) c≠m-a-tØXv sFµn-bw (perceptual). sFµnb-am-bXv ÿqe-

amb X´m-Wv. Cµn-b-Øns‚ apºn¬ Hcp hnjbw h∂p-\n¬°p-tºmƒa\- mWv B hnj-bsØ \n¿Æ-bn®p a\- n-em-°m-\p-ff k∂m-l-ß-

sfms° Hcp-°n-s°m-Sp--°p-∂-Xv. a\- n¬ ]q¿∆m¿÷n-X-am-b- hmk-\I-fmWv temI-\n¿Æ-b-Øn-\p-th≠n Icp-°-fm-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

Bfl-Zo]w ]Im-in-°p-∂Xv \ng-ep-cp-th-¥n-bm-Wv. \ng-epcp F∂p

]d-™m¬ Xnc-»o-e-bn¬ an∂n-a-d-™p-t]m-Ip∂ NnX-ßƒt]mse Ft∂A¿∞-ap-f-fq. Cu hnf-s°-cn-bp-hm≥ C‘-\-am-bn-cn-°p∂ s\øv hfsc

]g-°w-sN∂ hmk-\-I-fm-Wv. s\øn¬ Xncn-sb-∂-t]mse hmk-\-I-fn¬NnØ-hr-Øn-I-fmWv IØn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. hnj-b-kwKw D≠m-Ip-

tºmƒ t_m[w hnj-b-Øns‚ BImcw ssIs°m≠v Poh-\n¬ hnt£m--ßƒ D≠m-°n-s°m-≠n-cn-°pw, I-S-en¬ Xnc-b-Sn-°pw-t]mse. CXn-s\-

bmWv NnØ-hr-Øn-Iƒ F∂p ]d-bp-∂-Xv. Bflmhv A©n-µn-b-ß-fn-eqsS a\- ns‚ ]›m-Ø-e-Øn¬ ]Xn- -en®p ]Im-in-°p∂ Hcp at\m-

l-c-NnXw Cu t«mIw \ap°p ]I¿∂p-X-cp-∂p.

18Al-an-cp-f-√n-cp-fm-In-e-‘-cmbv \m˛

al-a-l-sa-∂-dn-bm-Xn-cp-∂n-tSWw

Adn-h-Xn-\m-e-l-a-‘-Im-c-a-s√˛

∂dn-h-Xn-\n-ß-s\-bm¿°p-tam-Xn-tSWw.

Alw Ccp-f√ ˛ Bfl-t_m[w Ccp-f-√.

Ccp-fm-In¬ ˛ Ccp-´m-bn-cp-s∂-¶n¬,

A‘-cmbv \mw ˛ Dƒ°m-gvN-t]mepw t]mbn

Alw Alw F∂v ˛ Rm≥ D≠v Rm≥ D≠v

F∂pIqSn

Adn-bm-Xn-cp-∂n-tSWw ˛ Adn-bm-Xn-cn-°-W-am-bn-cp-∂p.

Adn-h-Xn-\m¬ ˛ F∂m¬ Rm\p≠v F∂ Adn-

hns\ \ntj[n-°m\mhm-Ø-Xn-\m¬

Alw A‘-Im-c-a-s√∂v˛ Bflm-hmb Rm≥ Ccp-´-s√∂v

Adn-h-Xn\v ˛ t_m[yw hcp-Øp∂-Xn-\p-th≠n

Cßs\ ˛ C]Imcw

B¿°pw ˛ F√m-h-tcmSpw

HmXn-tSWw ˛ shfn-s∏-Sp-Øn-s°m-Sp-°-Ww.

Rm≥ D≠v F∂ kXyw B¿°pw \ntj-[n-°m≥ Ign-bp∂n-√.Rm≥ C√ F∂p ]d-b-W-sa-¶n¬t]mepw Rm≥ D≠m-bn-cn-°-Ww.Rm≥ Ds≠-∂-dn-bm\pw Cs√-∂-dn-bm\pw Rm≥ D≠m-bn-cn-°-Ww. AXp-sIm-≠mWv Kpcp Du∂n-∏-d-bp-∂Xv Rm≥ A⁄m-\-am-Ip∂ Iqcn-cp-´-s√∂v. Rm≥ Adn-hns‚ \nd™ shfn-®-am-Wv. Rm≥ Iqcn-cp-´m-sW-¶n¬ \Ωƒ ]d-™p-t]m-cm-dp-ff Rm≥, Rm≥ F∂p-≈ t_m[w-t]mepw D≠m-Ip-hm≥ ]mSn-√m-bn-cp-∂p. F∂m¬ Aßs\ A√t√m?

Rm≥ ckn-°p-∂p, Rm≥ ZpxJn-°p∂p Fs∂√mw ]d-bp-tºm-sgm-s°bpw Rm≥ AhnsS ]Im-in-°p-∂p-≠v.

AXp-sIm≠v F√m-h¿°pw Adn-™n-cn°m≥th≠n ]d-™p-sIm-Sp-t°≠ H∂mWv \mw Bflm-hm-sW-∂v. Bflmhv kzbw-]-Im-in-X-am-Wv. AXns‚ D◊sb X≈n-°-f-bm-\m-hn-√; shfn-®-Øns‚ D◊sbCcp-´n\v \ncm-I-cn-°m-\m-hm-Ø-Xp-t]mse. AXp-sIm≠v \mw ho≠pwho≠pw ]d-b-Ww: Rm≥ A⁄m-\-a-√, Rm≥ ⁄m\-am-Wv. Rm≥Ccp- -√, Rm≥ shfn-®-am-Wv. Rm≥ ZpxJ-a-√, Rm≥ B\-µ-am-Wv. Rm≥iq\y-X-b-√, Rm≥ \nd-hmWv F∂v. “k¿∆w ln k®n-Zmµw t\l

\m\mkvXn In©\.” ChnsS k®n-Zmµw amX-ta-bp≈q. \m\m-Xz-ßƒ H∂pw-

X-s∂-bn-√ F∂p \mcm-b-W-Kpcp Z¿i-\-am-e-bn¬ ]d-bp-∂p.

19

ASn-ap-Sn-b-‰-a-Xp-≠n-Xp-≠-Xp-s≠˛

∂Sn-bn-Sp-am-Znak-Ø-bp-≈sX-√mw

PU-anXp k¿ha-\n-Xyamw Pe-Øn≥˛

hSn-hns\ hn´p Xcw-K-a-\y-amtam?

ASn ˛ ASn-bn-ep-≈-XmWv kXyw

apSn ˛ D∂-Xnbnep-≈-XmWv kXyw

A‰w ˛ A‰-Øp-≈-XmWv kXyw

AXp≠v ˛ AXp D≈-Xp-X-s∂-bmWv

CXp≠v ˛ CXp D≈-Xp-X-s∂-bmWv

AXp≠v ˛ AX-√, as‰m-∂mWv Df-fXv

F∂v ASn-bnSpw ˛ Cßs\ a\p-jy¿ shdpsX

kXysØs®m√n hmZn-°p-∂p.

BZn-a-kØ ˛ F√m-‰n-s‚bpw BZn-bmbncn-°p∂

Bfl-kØXs∂-bmWv

D≈-sX√mw ˛ _lp-hn-[-ambn ChnsS ImWp∂

\ma-cq-]-ß-sf-√mw.

CXp k¿∆w ˛ C°m-Wm-hp-∂-sX√mw

A\n-Xyamw ˛ \mi-ap-≈-Xmb

PUw ˛ PU-am-Wv.

Pe-Øn≥ hSn-hns\ hn´v ˛ Pe-Øns‚ kØ-bn¬\n∂pw

XcwKw ˛ Xnc

A\y-amtam? ˛ thdn-´n-cn-°p-∂-sX-ß-s\-bmWv?

Cu ]]©w apgp-h\pw Htc-sbmcp kØ-bpsS \m\m-hn-[-am-bn-

´p-ff Bhn-jvIm-c-ß-fm-Wv. Cµn-b-ßƒsIm≠v BIm-iØnepw `qan-

bnepw A¥-cn-£-Øn-ep-ambn FÆa‰ hkvXp°sf \Ωƒ ImWp-∂p-

≠v. BIm-i-Ønse \£-X-ßfpw `qan-bnse I√pw aÆpw hr£-e-

Xm-Zn-Ifpw kmK-chpw acp-`q-anbpw arK-ßfpw a\p-jycpw F√mw Cu

BZn-a-k-Ø-bpsS Bhn-jvIm-c-ß-fm-Wv. Bhn-jvIr-X-amb F√m-‰n\pw

Hmtcm cq]-ap-≠v. cq]sØ \mw Adn-bp-∂Xv \ma-I-cWw sNbvXm-Wv.

Aß-s\-bmWv FÆ-a-‰ \m-a-ßfpw FÆ-a‰ cq]-ßfpw tN¿∂ hymh-lm-

cn-I-]-]©w kwPm-X-am-Ip-∂-Xv. \ma-cq-]-ß-fpsS _mlp-ey-Øm¬ BZn-a-

k-Øsb hnkva-cn-®p-t]m-Ip-∂p. F∂n v hm°p-I-fpsS ambm-Pm-e-Øn¬s]-

´ns -∂Xp-t]mse kXysØs®m√n X¿°n-°m≥ XpS-ßp-∂p.

IÆp-sIm≠p ImWp∂ H∂ns\ amXta Rm≥ kXy-ambn hniz-

kn-°p-I-bp-≈q Fs∂m-cmƒ iTn-°p-∂p. At∏mƒ thsdm-cmƒ ]d-bp-

∂p, ssZhw D∂-X-ß-fn¬ ad-™n-cn-°p∂p F∂v. C\nsbmcmƒ ]d-

bp-∂p, AXp-≈-X-√, CXmWv D≈-Xv F∂v. B aXw icn-b-√, CuaXw icn-sb∂v thsdmcp Iq´¿. Aßs\ ]d™p]-d™v X¿°-Øn-te°pw ASn-]n-Sn-bn-te°pw Ah-km\w bp≤-Øn-te°pw c‡-s®mcn-®n-en-te°pw \bn-°p∂ hmZ-]-Xn-hm-Z-ß-fpsS A¿∞-iq-\yX KpcpFSp-ØpIm-Wn-°p-I-bm-Wv. D≈Xv BZn-a-kØ amXw. ASn- -ap-Sn, Ahn-sS-˛-C-hn-sS, AXp-≠v-˛-C-Xp≠v F∂-sXms° shdpw i_vZ-Pm-e-ßƒamXw. AXp-sIm-≠m-W-hsb PUw F∂p ]d-bp-∂-Xv. PU-h-kvXp-°ƒ Aev]m-bp- p-I-fm-Wv.

Hcp Xncbv°v FX-t\cw Pe-Øn¬ s]mßn-\n¬°m≥ Ignbpw?Aev]-t\cw amXw. Ipd®p Ign-™m¬ Xnc, h∂n-S-tØ-°p-Xs∂ Xncn-®p-t]m-Ipw. Xnc Fhn-sS-\n-∂mWv h∂Xv? Pe-Øn¬\n-∂v. Pe-amWv Xnc-bpsS BZn-a-k-Ø. Pe-Øn¬\n∂v thdn-s´mcp AkvXnX Xnc-bv°n-√.Xnc A\n-Xy-am-Wv. Pew \nXy-am-Wv. CsXmcp DZm-l-cWw amX-am-Wv.Cu DZm-l-c-W-Øn-eqsS Bfl-k-Ø-bpsS \nXy-Xzhpw \ma-cq-]-ß-fpsSA\n-Xy-Xzhpw Kpcp hy‡-am-°p-∂p. F√m X¿°-ßfpw A⁄m\-Øn¬\n∂pw P\n-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. ⁄m\-Øn¬ X¿°w Hgn-™p-t]m-Ip-∂p.t_m[w sXfn-hp‰ kXysØ Z¿in-°p-∂p.

20De-In\p thsdmcp kØ-bn-√-Xp-s≠˛

∂pe-I-cp-c-∏Xp k¿∆-aq-l-lo\w

Pf\p hnte-ibsa∂p tXm∂n-bmepw

\e-an-bepw ae¿ame \mK-amtam?

De-In\v ˛ \ma-cq-]m-fl-I-amb ]]-©-Øn\v

thsdmcp kØ-bn√ ˛ Bfl-k-Ø-bn¬\n∂pw `n∂-ambn

thsdmcp kØ-bn-√.

AXp-s≠∂v ˛ Chn-sS-Im-Wp∂ Hmtcm-∂n\pw

thsd-thsd D◊-bp-s≠∂v

De-I¿ Dc-∏Xv ˛ P\-ßƒ ]d-™p-t]m-cp-∂Xv

k¿hw ˛ F√mw

Dul-lo\w ˛ bp‡n-bp-‡-a-√.

Pf\v ˛ A⁄m-\n°v

hnte-ibw ˛ ]mºv

F∂p tXm∂n-bmepw ˛ Ds≠∂p tXm∂n-bmepw

\ew Cbepw ˛ tNtXm-l-c-amb

ae¿ame ˛ ]qame

\mK-amtam? ˛ ]mºmbn amdptam?

F√m a\p-jycpw bp‡n-bp-‡-ambn Nn¥n-°p-∂-h-c-√. bp‡n-

bp‡w F∂p ]d-bp-tºmƒ BZn-a-k-Ø°v tbmPn-°p∂ coXn-bn¬F∂mWv a\- n-em-t°-≠Xv. ]c-a-Im-c-W-am-bn-cn-°p∂ Bfl-k-Ø-

bn¬ F√m-‰n-t\bpw tbmPn-∏n®p a\- n-em-°p-tºmƒ B Nn¥ bp‡n-bp-‡-am-Wv. Imc-W-Øn¬\n∂pw A\y-ambn Hcp ImcyØn-\pw \ne-\n¬°m-\m-hp-I-bn-√. Ifn-a-Æn-s\-°q-SmsX IpS-Øn-s\-ßs\ \ne-

\n¬°m≥ Ignbpw? AXp-sIm≠v Kpcp Dd-∏n-®p-Xs∂ ]d-bp-∂p: De-In\p thsdmcp kØ-bn√ F∂v. CXp tIƒ°p-tºmƒ Cu temIw

iq\y-am-sW-∂√ a\- n-em-t°≠Xv; temI-Øn-ep-ff F√m-‰n\pwA¿∞-am-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv Htc-sbmcp BZn-a-k-Ø-Xs∂-bm-Wv F∂m-Wv.

shfn-®-°p-d-hp-aqew ]qame ImWp-tºmƒ `ocp-hn\v AXv ]mºm-sW∂ `aw D≠m-Imw. hnte-ibw ]mºm-Wv. ]qam-e-bpsS BIm-chpw

]mºns‚ BIm-chpw kam-\-am-Wv. AXp-sIm≠v aqV\v D≠m-Ip∂sX‰n-≤m-c-Wsb, Adn-hp-ff Hcmƒ h∂v Xncp-Øn-s°m-Sp-°p-∂p.

]mºmsW∂p hnNm-cn®v `b-s∏´ Abm-fpsS a\- n¬ ]qame ImWp-tºmƒ D≠m-Ip∂ B›-cy-\n¿`-c-amb kt¥mjw Kpcp FSp-Øp-Im-

Wn-°p-∂p. thZm-¥-Ønse Ibdpw ]mºpw F∂ ZrjvSm-¥-Øn\v Hcpam‰w hcpØn Ib-dns‚ ÿm\Øv ]qam-esb ]Xn-jvTn-°p-I-bmWv

sNøp-∂-Xv. BZn-a-kØ shdpw ]tbm-P-\-c-ln-X-am-bn-´p-≈ H∂√.AXn¬ \nln-X-am-bn-cn-°p∂ B\-µ-amWv AXns‚ aqeyw. ]qam-e-bm-

sW∂p Xncn-®-dn-bp-ºmƒ AXv IqSp-X¬ ]nbw P\n-∏n-°p-∂p. AXp-sIm≠mWv thZm-¥-Ønse ÿncw ZrjvSm-¥-amb Ib-dn-s\-am‰n ]qam-

esb Kpcp ]Xn-jvTn-®-Xv. ]tbm-P-\-aq-ey-sØ-bmWv ChnsS IqSp-X¬Du∂n-∏-dbp-∂-Xv.

21

]nb-sam-cp-Pm-Xn-bn-sX≥]nbw XzZo-b˛

]nb-a]c-]n-b-sa-∂-t\-I-ambn

]nb-hn-j-bw-]Xn h∂nSpw àw X≥˛

]nba]-c-]n-b-sa∂-dn-™n-tS-Ww.

]nbw Hcp PmXn ˛ Htc-sbmcpXcw ]nbtabpf-fq.

CXv F≥ ]nbw ˛ CXv Fs‚ CjvSw,

XzZo-b-]nbw ˛ \ns‚ CjvSw,

A]-c-]nbw ˛ thsdm-cp-hs‚ CjvSw

F∂v At\-I-ambn ˛ F∂ Xc-Øn¬ Htc ]nbw-Xs∂

At\-I-]n-b-ß-fmbnØocp-∂-Xv.

]nb-hn-jbw ]Xn ˛ CjvS-hn-j-bßfn¬

h∂nSpw àw ˛ D≠m-Ip∂ àw \nanØ-amWv.

X≥]nbw ˛ Xs‚ ]nb-amWv

A]-c-]nbw ˛ thsdm-cp-h-s‚bpw ]nbw

F∂v Adn-™n-tSWw ˛ F∂p-ff kXyw a\- n-em-°-Ww.

]nbw Ht∂-bp-≈q. At\-I-an-√. B ]nbw Bfl-]n-b-am-Wv. Bflm-

hn¬ kl-P-ambn IpSn-sIm-≈p∂ B\-µ-\n¿ -c-X-bm-emWv Bflm-hn¬

F√m Pohn-Iƒ°pw ]nbw P\n-°p-∂-Xv. Bflm-hm-Is´ GIhpw k¿∆-

hym-]n-bp-am-Wv. F∂m¬ Poh-\nse Al-¥m-a-a-Xm-Zn-Iƒ ImcWw Hcp-

h≥ hnj-b-tem-ep-]-\m-bn-Øo-cp-∂p. hnj-b-Øn-emWv B\-µ-an-cn-°p-∂Xv

F∂ àw \nan-Ø-amWv hnj-b-Øn¬ Hcp-h\v ]nbw P\n-°p-∂-Xv.

Aßs\ hcp-tºmƒ Hmtcm-cp-Ø¿°v CjvS-ap-ff hnj-b-ßfpw hyXy-

kvXßfmbn-cn-°pw. Bfl-]nbw ad-∂p-t]mbn B ÿm\Øv hnj-b-

]nbw h∂p-Iq-Sp-∂Xv A⁄m-\w \nan-Ø-am-Wv. Aß-s\-bmWv Fs‚

CjvSw, \ns‚ CjvSw, Ah-cpsS CjvSw F∂n-ß-s\-bp-ff CjvSm-\n-jvS-

ßƒ h∂v Bfl-]n-b-Øn\v hn -P\w kw -hn-°p-∂-Xv. CXp am‰n-sb-Sp-

°-W-sa-¶n¬ \ap°v ]nb-s∏- -Xmbn tXm∂p∂ Hcp Imcyw thsdm-

cmƒ°pw ]nbw Df-hm-°p∂ coXn-bn¬ ka-RvP-k-ambn tN¿°Ww.

ImcWw BXy-¥n-I-ambn ]nb-hkvXp Bbn-cn-°p-∂Xv Bflm-hm-Wv.

C°mcyw Ft∏mgpw Hm¿ΩthWw.

22

]nb-a-]-cs‚bsX≥]nbw, kzIo-b˛

]nb-a-]-c-]n-b-an-]-Im-c-amIpw

\b-a-Xn-\mse \c∂p \∑ \evIpw

Inb-b-]-c-]n-b-tl-Xp-hmbv htc-Ww.

]nb-a-]-cs‚ ˛ thsdm-cp-hs‚ ]nbw GXmtWm

AsX≥]nbw ˛ AsX-s‚bpw ]nb-am-Wv.

kzIo-b-]nbw ˛ F\n°p ]nb-s∏-´-Xp-X-s∂-bmWv

A]-c-]nbw ˛ as‰m-cp-h\pw ]nb-am-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

C]-Im-c-amIpw \bw ˛ CXmWv Pohn-XsØ ka-c-k-s∏-

Sp-Øp∂ Hcp t]mwh-gn.

AXn-\mse ˛ ]nbw GI-am-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xp-Im-cWw

\c∂p \∑\¬IpwInb ˛ Hcp-h\v \∑-bp-≠m-°p∂ ]hrØn

A]-c-]n-b-tl-Xp-hmbv ˛ thsdm-cp-h-s‚bpw kpJ-Øn-\v

htcWw ˛ CS-bm-°-Ww.

Pohn-X-Øn\v \s√mcp s]cp-am-‰-®n´ thWw. \ap°p tXm∂n-b-Xp-t]m-se-sb√mw sNøp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ Fhn-tSbpw kwL¿jw amXta

ap‰n-\n¬°p-I-bp-≈q. ]nb-Øns‚ Xe-Øn¬ hcp∂ ]nSnhm-in-IƒsIm-≠mWv kwL¿j-ßƒ D≠m-Ip-∂-Xv. a\p-jy-Po-hn-X-Øn¬ Hcp ka-

\zbw sIm≠p-h-c-W-sa-¶n¬ \mw Nne \o°p-t]m-°p-I-sfms° \S-Ø-Ww. AXn\p Zm¿i-\n-I-amb Hcp ASn-Ød-bpw D≠m-bn-cn-°-Ww.

H∂m-a-Xmbn, ]nb-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm\w Bfl-k-Ø-bm-sW-∂-dn-bp-I.Bflm-hns‚ ]nbw F√m-h-cp-tSbpw ]nb-am-Wv. AXp-sIm≠v Bflm-

hns‚ ]nb-Øn-te°v tNcp-∂-Xns‚ `mK-ambn \mw ]mY-an-I-ambnsNtø-≠Xv thsdm-cm-fpsS CjvS-tØbpw \ΩpsS CjvS-Øns‚ ]cn-

K-W-\-bn-te°v sIm≠p-h-cnI F∂-Xm-Wv.

thsdm-cmƒ°v CjvS-s∏´ Imcyw \ap-°pw-IqSn CjvS-s∏´phcp-

tºmƒ \mw Aev]wIqSn hnim-e-lr-Z-b-\m-bn-Øo-cp-∂p. Aßs\hcp-tºmƒ \ap°v ]nb-¶-c-am-bn-cn-°p∂ H∂v thsdm-cmƒ°pw ]nb-

¶-c-am-bn-Øo-cpw. \mw temI-Øn-\p-th≠n Pohn-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬temIw \ap-°p-th-≠nbpw Pohn-°pw. \mw Cuiz-c-\p-th≠n Pohn-

°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ Cuiz-c≥ \ap-°p-th-≠nbpw Pohn-°pw. AXp-

sIm≠v F\n°v \∑-bp≠m-°p∂ ]hrØn thsdm-cm-fpsS Pohn-X-

Øn\p Xn∑-bmbn hcm≥ ]mSn-√. AX-amXw Icp-X-temSpw Dƒsh-fn-thm-Spw-IqSn Pohn-®m¬ amXta ]nb-ß-fnse kzc-e-bsØ

ImØp-kq-£n-°m≥ \ap°v Ign-bp-I-bp-≈q.

23A]-c-\p-th-≠n-b-l¿\niw ]bXv\w

Ir]-WX hn´p Ir]mep sNbvXn-Sp∂p

Ir]-W-\-t[m-ap-J-\mbv InS-∂p-sNøp˛

∂]-P-b-I¿Ωah-∂p-th≠n amXw.

A]-c-\p-th≠n ˛ thsdm-cmƒ°p-th≠n

Al¿\niw ˛ cm∏-I¬t`-Z-an-√msX

Ir]-WX hn´v ˛ kzm¿∞X IqSmsX

]bXv\w ˛ I¿Ω-ßƒ

Ir]mep sNbvXn-Sp∂p ˛ Ir]bp-≈-h≥ sNøp∂p.

Ir]-W≥ ˛ kzm¿∞≥

At[m-ap-J-\mbv InS∂v ˛ A[-a-amb kpJ-t`m-K-ß-fn¬ apgpIn

A]-P-b-I¿Ωw ˛ [¿Ω-hntcm-[n-bmb I¿Ωw

Ah-∂p-th-≠n--amXw ˛ Xs‚ amXw kpJ-Øn-\p-th≠n

sNøp∂p ˛ sNøp∂p.

Ir] XnI®pw ssZhn-I-amb Hcp KpW-am-Wv. kl-Po-hn-I-fnepwXs‚ Pohs‚ XpSn-∏p-Iƒ sXm -dn-bp-∂-h-\mWv Ir]m-ep. Ir]mepF¥p sNøp-tºmgpw AXv k¿∆-Øn-s‚bpw lnXw am\n-®m-Wv sNøp-I. Fhn-sS-sb-¶nepw thZ-\bpw bmX-\bpw ImWp-tºmƒ Ir]m-ep-hns‚ a\w Aen-bpw. Ah-cpsS ZpxJ-\n-hm-c-W-Øn-\p-th≠n Ir]mepX\n-°m-hp-∂-sX√mw sNøp-∂p. an° a\p-jycpw kz¥w `mcy, Ip´n-Iƒ F∂ IpSp- mb XmXv]-cy-ß-fn¬amXw HXpßn°q-Sp-∂-h-cm-Wv.- A-Xn-\-∏p-d-sØmcp temI-ap-s≠∂v Ah¿ Nn¥n-°m≥t]mepwsa\-s°-Sm-dn-√. Aßs\bp≈ at\m-`m-h-sØ-bmWv Ir]-WX F∂vKpcp hnti-jn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv.

F∂-tØ-°mfpw Ir]-WX C∂p P\-ß-fn¬ Bth-in-®n-cn-°p-I-

bm-Wv. Hcp `qXm-th-iw-t]mse P\w kzm¿∞-X-bpsS IpSpw-_-]-›m-Ø-e-Øn-te°v Dƒh-en-™p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂XmWv \mw ImWp-∂-Xv. Cu

Dƒh-en-b-hns\ AWp-Ip-Spw_w (nuclear family) F∂mWv ]d-bp-∂-Xv. A—\pw AΩbpw aI\pw aIfpw amXw AS-ßp∂ Hcp IpSpw-_w.

Ah-cpsS kpJw amX-amWv Ah¿ At\z-jn-°p-∂-Xv. Ah¿ kpJw

Is≠-Øp-hm-\p-ff ]bm-W-Øn¬ FX Bfp-Isf thW-sa-¶nepw ZpxJn-∏n-°p-hm≥ aSn ImWn-°p-∂n-√. CXmWv Ir]-Ws‚ Pohn-X-co-Xn. Ir]-

W≥ Xs‚ t\ -Øn-\p-th≠n kl-Po-hn-I-sf-sb√mw Nhn- n-sa-Xn®v IS-∂p-t]m-Ipw. BsI a\p-jycpsS BsI \∑-sb-°p-dn®v Ah-s\mcp hnNm-

chpw D≠m-bn-cn-°pI-bn-√. Aßs\bp≈ hnNm-c-an-√m-Ø-hs‚ I¿ΩwZqjn-X-amb I¿Ω-am-Wv. AXn-s\-bmWv A]-P-b-I¿Ωw F∂p hnfn-°p-

∂-Xv. AXp-sIm≠v \Ω-fnse Ir]-WX If-bp-I. Ir]m-ep-XzsØDW¿Øn hnI-kn-∏n-s®-Sp-°p-I. temI-Øn\p kzkvXn `hn-°-s´.

24Ah-\n-h-s\-∂-dn-bp-∂-sXm-s°-tbm¿Øm˛

eh-\n-bn--em-Zn-a-am-sbm-cm-fl-cq]w

Ah-\-h-\m-fl-kp-J-Øn-\m-N-cn-°p˛

∂h-b-]-c∂p kpJ-Øn-\mbv htc-Ww.

Ah≥ Ch≥ F∂v ˛ Ah≥ F∂pw Ch≥ F∂pw \mw

Adn-bp-∂-sXms° ˛ ]d-™p-t]m-cm-dp-ff Imcy-ß-sfms°

Hm¿Øm¬ ˛ hnNn-¥\w sNbvXm¬

Ah-\n-bn¬ ˛ temI-Øn¬

BZn-a-amb ˛ krjvSn°pw \nZm-\-am-bn-cn-°p∂

Hcp Bfl-cq]w ˛ Htc-sbmcp Bfl-k-Xyta D≈q.

Ah\h≥ ˛ Hmtcm-cp-Øcpw

Bfl-kp-J-Øn\v ˛ kz¥w kpJ-Øn-\p-th≠n

BN-cn-°p-∂h ˛ sNøp∂ ]hr-Øn-Iƒ

A]-c∂v ˛ a‰p-f-f-h¿°pw-IqSn

kpJ-Øn-\mbv htcWw ˛ kpJw \¬I-Ww.

temI-Øn¬ Htc-sbmcp Bfl-k-Øtb D≈q. B Bfl-k-Ø-

bmWv F∂nepw \n∂nepw Ah-\nepw Ch-\nepw Hs° A¥¿[m-c-

bmbn h¿Øn-°p-∂-Xv. km[m-c-W-bmbn Hcp a\p-jy≥ I¿Ωw sNøp-

tºmtgm kwkm-c-Øn¬ G¿s∏-Sp-tºmtgm C°m-cy-sam∂pw Hm¿°m-dn-

√. AXp-sIm≠v ‘Ah≥’ F∂p \Ωƒ ]d-bp-tºmƒ \Ω-fn¬\n∂pw

A\y-amb GtXm Hcp hy‡n-bmWv Ah≥ F∂ tXm∂-emWv Df-hm-

Ip-∂-Xv. Hcp lnµp ]d-bpw: Ah≥ InkvXym-\nbm-Wv, Ah≥ ap…o-

amWv Fs∂ms°. InkvXym-\nbpw ap…oapw CtX-t]m-se-Xs∂ lnµphn-

s\-]-‰nbpw ]d-bpw. cmjvSo-b-Ønepw ImWmw Cß-s\-bp-ff tNcn-Xn-

cn-hp-Iƒ. Ah≥ IΩyq-Wn-Ãm-Wv, Ah≥ tIm¨K- mWv F∂ coXn-

bn¬. Fß-s\-bmWv Cu A\yXzw \Ω-fn-te°v IS-∂p-h-cp-∂Xv? \mw

\ΩpsS imco-cn-I-k-Ø-sb-bmWv Rm\mbn Icp-Xp-∂-Xv. B imco-cn-I-

k-Ø-bpsS AkvXn-XzsØ am\-Z-WvU-am°n h®p-sIm-≠mWv Xs‚

temI-Øns‚ AXn¿Øn \n¿Æ-bn-°p-∂-Xv. Cu ]mY-an-I-amb sX‰ns\

Xncp-ØmsX temI-Øn¬ ka-\zbhpw kam-[m-\hpw sIm≠p-h-cm-\mhp-

I-bn-√.

\Ω-fpsS hnZym- ym-k-Ønepw aX-t_m-[-\-Øn-ep-sa√mw Cu sX‰v

Bh¿Øn®v Dd-∏n-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p. Htc-sbmcp Bfl-k-Ø-bmWv

k¿∆-N-cm-N-c-ß-fnepw kXy-am-bn-cn-°p-∂-sX∂ A\p-`-h-t_m[am-bn-

cn-°Ww Hcp a\p-jys\ DZm-Ø-am-t°-≠-Xv. Aßs\ Hcp-h≥ Xs‚

kpJ-Øn-\mbn ]h¿Øn-°p-∂Xv F√m-h-cp-tSbpw kpJ-Øn\v Imc-

W-ambn hn-°p-∂p. Chn-sS-bmcpw \Ωn¬\n∂v A\y-c√. hymh-lm-cn-I-\n¿Æ-b-Øn-\p-th≠n amXw Ah≥, Ch≥ Fs∂ms° ]d-bmw.

AXp-sIm≠mWv Kpcp A]-c≥ F∂ hm°v D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn°p-∂Xv.A]-c≥ F∂m¬ ]c≥ A√m-Ø-h≥. ]Xy-£-Øn¬ thsd-bm-sW-

¶nepw ]c-am¿∞-Øn¬ X∂n¬\n∂pw thsd-b-√mØ-h≥. C°mcyw\√-hÆw a\\w sNbvXp-d-∏n®v I¿Ωw sNøp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ temI-

Øn¬ im¥n-°p-th≠n apd-hnfn Iqt´≠ Bh-iy-an-√. im¥n kzm`m-hn-I-ambn h∂p-tN¿∂psIm-≈pw.

25Hcph-\p-\√-Xpa\y-\-√epw tN¿˛

s∏mcp sXmgn-em-fl-hn-tcm-[n-tbm¿Øn-tS-Ww.

]c\p ]cw ]cn-Xm-]-ta-In-Sp-t∂m˛

sccn-\-c-Im-_v[n-bn¬ hosW-cn-™n-Sp-∂p.

Hcp-h\p \√Xpw˛ Hcmƒ°v \∑ hcp-Øp-∂Xpw

A\y\v A√epw˛ thsdm-cmƒ°v ZpxJhpw

tN¿s∏mcp sXmgn¬ ˛ hcp-Øn-h-bv°p-∂-Xmb ]hrØn

Bfl-hn-tcm[n ˛ Bflm-hnse kl-P-amb

sFIyØn\v \nc-°p∂-X-√.

Hm¿Øn-tSWw ˛ C°mcyw ad-∂p-t]m-Im≥ ]mSn-√.

]c\v ˛ thsdm-cmƒ°v

]cw- ]-cn-Xm]w ˛ ]c-a-amb thZ-\sb

GIn-Sp-t∂m¿ ˛ Gev]n-°p-∂-h¿

Fcn-\-cIm-_v[n-bn¬ ˛ IØn-sb-cn-bp∂ \c-I-k-am-\-

amb ZpxJ-°-S-en¬

hoWv Fcn-™n-Sp∂p ˛ hoWv Xoh-ambn t\mh-\p-`-hn-

t°≠n hcp-∂p.

Bflm-hn¬ F√mw kzc-e-b-s∏- n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. kl-P-amb HcpsFIyw Bflm-hn-\p-≠v. Bflm-hn¬ H∂pw-Xs∂ ]c-kv]cw Ie-ln-°p-∂n-√. AXp-sIm≠v Bfl-t_m-[n-bmb Hcmƒ I¿Ωw sNøp-tºmƒAXp ka-kvX-X°pw lnX-I-c-ambn hn-°p-∂p. Hcp XSm-I-Ønse \n›-e-P-e-cm-in-bn-te°v sNdn-sbmcp Is√-Sp-sØ-dn-™m¬ aXn, AXn¬Btµm-f\w D≠-mIm≥. Ae-am-e-Iƒ D≠m-Ip-∂-Xv, AXns‚ kzm`m-hn-I-amb kz—-X-bn-te°v Xncn-®p-h-cp-hm\m-Wv. AXpt]m-se- BflmhvAXns‚ kz—-X-bn-te°v Xncn-®p-h-cp-hm≥ iaw \S-Øn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-∂p. F∂m¬ ]ecnepw imco-cn-Ihpw am\-kn-I-hp-amb XmZm-fly-t_m[Øm¬ BssflIyw \jvS-s∏-Sm-dp-≠v. Hcmƒ°v \∑ hcp-Øp∂]hrØn thsdm-cmƒ°v Xn∑ hcp-Øm-dp-≠v. Cß-s\-bp-ff I¿Ω-ßƒBflm-hns‚ sFIyØn\p \nc-°p-∂-X-√. AXp-sIm≠v AXns\ KpcpBfl-hn-tcm[n F∂p ]d-bp-∂p. t_m[-]q¿∆w Nne¿ a‰p-≈h¿°v D]-Zhw Gev]n-°m-dp-≠v, ]oUn-∏n-°m-dp-≠v. Xs‚ kpJ-Øn-\p-th≠n thsdm-cp-hs‚ Poh-s\-t∏mepw l\n-°p-hm≥ Nne¿ DZy-an-°p-∂p. Aß-s\-bp-≈-h¿ sImSpw-]m-X-In-I-fm-Wv.

Hcp-hs‚ I¿Ωw \√-Xm-sW-¶n¬ \√ êsØ Ah\v In´pw.NoØ I¿Ωw sNøp-∂-h\v k¥m-]sØ D≠m-°p∂ ê-amWv e`n-°p-I. \man∂p ZpxJw A\p- -hn-°p-∂p-s≠-¶n¬ B ZpxJ-Øn\p tlXp-I-amb I¿Ω-ßƒ \mw Ft∏mtgm sNbvXn´p-≠v. AXp-sIm-≠v thsdm-cmƒ°v Icp-Xn-°qń ]cn-Xm]w Gev]n-°p-∂-h¿ \c-Im-·n°v kam-\-amb ZpxJ-°-S-en¬ hoWv IØn-sb-cn-bpw. Bflmhv kzbta AXns‚GI-Xm-\-X-bn¬ h¿Øn-°p-sa-¶nepw I¿Ωw sNøp-∂-h\v I¿Xr-Xz-t_m[w Df-f-Xn-\m¬ I¿Ω-ß-fpsS ê-ßfpw Ah≥Xs∂ G‰p-hm-ßpw. acn-®-Xn\p tij-sam∂pw BIWsa∂n-√. \cIw F∂ hm°v ZpxJ-Øns‚ Xohm-h-ÿsb ImWn-°p-hm-\m-Wv. AsXt∏mƒ thW-sa-¶nepwkw -hn-°mw. AXp-sIm≠v Bflm-hns‚ GI-Xm-\-X°v \nc-°p∂ I¿Ω-ßƒ amXw A\p-jvTn-°p-I.

26Ah-b-h-sam-s°-b-a¿Øn-bm-Wn-bmbv \n˛

∂hb-hn-bm-hn-sb-bm-h-cn-®n-Sp∂p

Ah-\n-h-s\-∂-Xn-\m-e-h≥ \n\-bv°p˛

∂h-i-X-bm-a-hn-th-I-sam-∂n-\mte

Ah-bhw Hs° ˛ F√m Ah-b-h-ß-tfbpw

Aa¿Øn ˛ kzh-i-K-am°n

BWn-bmbv \n∂v ˛ Hcp tIµ-_nµp-hmbn h¿Øn-°p∂

Ah-bhn ˛ Poh≥

Bhnsb ˛ Bflm-hns\

Bh-cn-®n-Sp∂p ˛ ad-®p-I-f-bp∂p.

AXn-\m¬ ˛ AXn-\m¬

Ah-i-Xbmw ˛ kzmfl-k-Ø-bmb Bflm-hn\p

hi-s∏-SmØ

Ahn-thIw ˛ t_m[-iq-\yX

H∂n-\mte ˛ H∂p \nan-Ø-ambn

Ah≥ Ch≥ F∂v ˛ Ah≥ thsd Ch≥ thsd F∂

Xc-Øn¬

Ah≥ \n\-bv°p∂p ˛ Ah-i-\mb Ahn-thIn \n\-bv°p-∂p.

Cw•o-jp-`m-j-bn¬ Ah-b-h-Øn\v organ F∂mWv ]d-bp-∂-Xv.\nc-h[n Ah-b-h-ßƒ H∂n-®p-tN¿∂v kzbta ]h¿Øn-®p-Xp-S-ßp-tºmƒ AsXmcp ‘Hm¿Km-\n’k-am-bn- (organism). \Ω-fpsS ico-c-Ønepw Iptd-tbsd Ah-b-h-ßfp≠v. Cu Ah-b-h-ß-sfms° tXm∂n-b-Xp-t]m-se-b√ ]h¿Øn-°p-∂-Xv. ssI Db¿Ø-W-sa∂v C—n-°p-∂Xpw Im¬ hen-°-W-sa∂v C—n-°p-∂Xpw Cu Ah-b-h-ß-sf-sbms° CW-°n-\n¿Øp∂ Ah-b-hn-bm-Wv. Ah-b-hn F∂p ]d-

™m¬ ‘Hm¿K-ss\-k¿’ (organizer). B Hm¿K-ss\k-sd-bmWv Poh≥

F∂p ]d-bp-∂-Xv. Poh≥ Hcp BWn-sb-t∏mse F√m ]h¿Ø-\-

ßƒ°pw tIµo-Ir-X-t\-XrXzw \¬Ip-∂p. ]t£, Cu Poh-\m-Is´imco-cn-I-Xm-Zm-fly-Øm¬ hymtam-ln-X-\m-Wv. Xs‚ ico-c-amWv Xs‚

kØ F∂v Poh≥ sX‰n-≤-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂p.

Bflm-hns\ ‘Bhn’ F∂mWv Kpcp hnfn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. H∂mw ]Zy-

Øn¬ ]d-bp∂ Icphpw ChnsS ]d-bp∂ Bhnbpw H∂p-X-s∂.F∂m¬ Cu Bflmhv PohXzw ImcWw ad-™p-t]m-bn-cn-°p-∂p.

CXmWv Ah-iX. Bfl-h-iØp \n¬°p-hm≥ hnthIw thWw.AXn\mI-W-sa-¶n¬ A\m-fl-h-iØp \ap°p h∂n-´p-ff sI´p-]m-Sp-

Iƒ Agn-™p-t]mI-Ww. Ah-iX Ah-km-\n-°-Ww. Ah-i-XbpwAhn-th-Ihpw Imc-W-amWv Hcmƒ Ah≥thsd Ch≥thsd F∂p-ff

Xp—-_p-≤n-bm¬ ]-h¿Øn-°p-∂-Xv. Bfl-km-£m-XvIm-c-Z-i-bn¬amXta Hcp-h\v GI-Xz-t_m[w A\p-`-h-ambn hcnI-bp-≈q.

27Ccp-fn-en-cp-∂-dn-bp-∂-Xm-Ip-am-flm˛

hdn-h-Xp-Xm-\Y \ma-cq-]-ambpw

Ic-W-sam-Sn-µn-b-I¿Ør-I¿Ω-ambpw

hcp-hXp Im¨I! atl-µ-Pm-e-sa-√mw!Ccp-fn-en-cp∂v ˛ Ccp≠ Ah-ÿ-bn¬ Ccp-∂v

Adn-bp-∂-XmIpw Bflm˛ Adn-™p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂-XmWv

Bflm-hv.

Adnhv AXp Xm≥ ˛ AXp Adnhp Xs∂-bmWv.

AY ˛ ]n∂oSv B Adn-hp-Xs∂

\ma-cq-]-ambpw ˛ \ma-ambpw cq]-ambpw

Ic-W-samSv ˛ A¥-°-cWw apX¬

Cµn-bI¿Xr-I-¿Ω-ambpw ˛ Cµn-b-ßƒ, I¿Øm-hv, I¿Ωw hsc

hcp-hXv ˛ ]Xo-X-am-Ip-∂-Xv.

Im¨I ˛ t\m°q.

F√mw atl-µ-Pmew! ˛ F√mw al-Ømb Cµ-Pm-ew-X-s∂!

Bflm-hns\ ImWm-Xn-cn°m≥ Imc-W-sa-¥mWv? AXv Ccp-fn-

emWv Ccn-°p-∂-Xv. AXp-sIm≠v Ccpfn-en-cn-°p∂ s]mcp-fmWv Bflm-

hv. Ccp-fm-Ip∂ ad-bn-emWv Cu ]]©w apgp-h\pw k©-bn®p-h-®n-cn-

°p-∂-Xv. AXp-sIm≠v Ccp-fn-\-∏p-d-Øp-≈ s]mcp-fns\ ImWm≥ ian-

°p-tºm-sgms° ]]-©-]-Xo-Xn-I-fmWv ImWp-∂-Xv. -D-d-°-Øn¬ \mw

H∂pw Adn-bm-dn-√-t√m? F∂m¬ B H∂pw Adn-bm-Xn-cn-°p∂ Adn-hn-

√m-bva-°p-≈nepw temI-hn-j-b-ßƒ ]‰n-°qSn ad-™n-cn-°p-∂p-≠v. Nne-

t∏mƒ kz]v\-Øn-¬ Ah X≈n-°-bdn hcpw. PmK-cn-X-Øn¬ AXp Iptd-

°qSn hy‡-ambn tXm∂pw. PmK-cn-Xhpw kz]v\hpw ]cw-s]m-cp-fns‚

ZrjvSn-bn¬ hen-sbmcp kz]v\w amX-am-Wv. Dd-°-Ønepw DW¿∂n-cn-

°p∂ Bflm-hn-te°v \mw DW-c-Ww. Dd-ßp∂ thf-bn¬ kpJw A\p-

-hn-®p-s°m-≠n-cn-°p∂ \mw Bflm-\p- -h-Øn-em-Wv. ]t£, DW¿∂-

Xn-\p-tijw amXta B kpJsØ Adn-bp-hm≥ Ign-bp-∂p-≈q. Dd-ßp-

tºmgpw Rm≥ DW¿∂n-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂ Dƒt_m[w sXfn-™-h≥

⁄m\n-bm-bn.

\√ Ccp-´p-ap-dn-bn¬ Ccn-°p-tºmgpw Rm≥, Rm≥ F∂ B D◊

bmsXmcp D]m-[n-bp-an-√msX \ap-°-\p-`-hn-°m-\m-Ipw. B GI-amb

Bflm-hmWv ]n∂oSv \ma-cq-]m-fl-I-amb Cu hniz-ambn \ΩpsS apºn¬

]Xn-`m-kn-°p-∂-Xv. B Bflm-hp-X-s∂-bmWvv A¥-°c-W-ß-fmbpw

Cµn-b-ß-fmbpw I¿Øm-hmbpw I¿Ω-ambpw amdn-a-d-bp-∂-Xv. Bflm-

hn¬X-s∂-bn-cn-°p∂ Hcp ]tXyI i‡n-Nm-e-\w-sIm-≠mWv CsX√mw

kw -hn-°p-∂-Xv. Cu A¤p-X-I-c-amb Cµ-Pm-esØ [ym\m-fl-I-ambn

H∂p \nco-£n-°p-I. At∏mƒ im¥n Xmt\ Dudn-°q-Spw.

28ASn-ap-Sn-b-‰-Sn-sXm´p auen-b¥w

kv^pS-a-dn-bp-∂Xp Xpcy-t_m-[-amIpw

PU-a-dn-ho-eXp Nn¥ sNbvXp sNm√p˛

∂nS-bn-en-cp-∂-dn-h-√-dn-™n-tSWw.

ASn apSn A‰v ˛ ASn-sbt∂m apSn-sbt∂m D≈

t`Z-Nn¥ C√mXmbn

ASn-sXm´p auen-b¥w ˛ F∂m¬ ASn apX¬ apSn hsc

kv^pSw Adn-bp-∂Xv ˛ sXfn-a-tbmsS Adn-bp-∂Xv

Xpcy-t_m-[-amIpw ˛ Xpcy-t_m-[-amWv.

PU-a-dn-hoe ˛ PU-h-kvXp-°ƒ Xpcy-t_m-[sØ

Adn-bp-∂n-√.

AXv ˛ B Xpcy-t_m[w

Nn¥-sNbvXv sNm√p∂ ˛ Nn¥n®v FØn-t®-cm-hp∂

CS-bn-bn-encp∂ Adn-h√ ˛ Xe-Øn¬ hcp∂ Adn-h-√.

Adn-™n-tSWw ˛ C°mcyw a\- n-em-°-Ww.

Bfl-t_m[w PmK-cn-X-Øntem kz]v\-Øntem kpjp-]vXn-

bntem A\p-`-hn-®-dn-bp∂ Adn-h-√. Cu aq∂-h-ÿ-I-tfbpw D√w-

Ln-®p-\n¬°p∂ AXo-X-t_m-[-amWv Bfl-t_m-[w. AXp-sIm≠v

AXns\ \mem-atØXv F∂ A¿∞-Øn¬ ‘Xpcobw’ F∂pw ]d-

bmdp-≠v. Xpcobw hmkvX-h-Øn¬ Hc-h-ÿ-b-√; Ah-ÿm-X-b-km-

£n-bm-Wv. Xpcy-t_m[w km£n-ssN-X-\y-am-Wv. km[m-c-W-_p-≤n-

sIm≠p Nn¥n-°p-tºm-gmWv ASn, apSn Fs∂m-s°-bp-ff am\-ßƒ

D≠m-bn-h-cp-∂-Xv. km[m-cW _p≤n uXn-I-hn-j-b-ß-fp-ambn _‘-

s∏-´mWv ]h¿Øn®p ioen-®n-´p≈Xv. AXp-sIm≠v a\- n¬ hcp∂

tNmZy-ßƒs°√mw _p≤n DØcw ]d-bp-∂Xv \ofw, hoXn, Db-cw,I\w F∂o Af-hpI-fpsS am\-Z-WvU-ßƒ D]-tbm-Kn-®p-sIm-≠m-Wv. F∂m¬ Xpcy-t_m-[-am-Is´ Af-h-‰-Xm-Wv. Hcp Xc-Øn-ep-≈Af-hp-tIm¬sIm≠pw Af-°m≥ Ign-bmØX hym]vXn-bmWv Xpcy-t_m-[-Øn-\p-≈-Xv.

Xpcy-t_m[w A\-¥-am-Wv. AXp-sIm≠v ASn-sbt∂m apSn-sbt∂mD≈ hn`-P\w Xpcy-t_m-[-Øn¬ hcp-∂n-√. F∂m¬ B Xpcy-t_m-[-Øn¬ qanbpw BIm-ihpw Dƒt®¿∂n-cn-°p-∂p. Xpco-bm-\p-`-h-Øn¬⁄m\w kv^Sn-I-k-¶m-i-amb sXfn-a-bn¬ FØn-t®-cp-∂p. kwibwteiw-t]m-ep-an-√. Cµn-b-ßfpw a\ pw _p≤n-bp-sa√mw P-U-h-kvXp-°--fm-Wv. AXn\p kzbta Kln-°p-hm-\p-ff i‡n-bn-√. Bflm-hns‚]Im-i-Øn-emWv AsX√mw ]Im-in-°p-∂-Xv. AXp-sIm≠v PU-h-kvXp-°ƒ°v Xpcy-t_m[w D≠m-Ip-∂n-√. Nn¥nt®m A\p-am-\nt®m FSp-°m-hp∂ H∂√ Xpcy-t_m-[w. F√m Nn¥-Ifpw A\p-`-h-ß-fpsS apZ-W-ß-fmb kvac-WIfp-ambn _‘-s∏-´mWv ]h¿Øn-°p-∂-Xv.F∂m¬ Xpcy-t_m-[-am-Is´ Aßs\-sbmcp kvac-W-bp-a-√. AXn-\m¬AXns\ Nn¥n-®-dn-bm-\m-Ip-sa∂p Icp-Xp-∂Xv A_-≤-am-Wv. F√mD]m-[n-Ifpw Dt]-£n®v, Adn-hns\ kzbw ]Im-in-°p-hm≥ CS-bm-°p-tºmƒ Xpcy-t_m[w kqcy-Xpeyw \Ω-n¬ ]Im-in-°pw. CXmWvBfl-km-£m-XvIm-cw.

29a\-a-e¿ sImbvXp atli ]qP sNøpw

a\p-P\p as‰mcp the sNbvXn-tS≠.

h\-a-e¿ sImbvXp-a-X-√-bm-bvIn¬ ambm˛

a\p-hp-cp-hn- p-an-cn-°n¬ amb amdpw.

a\-a-e¿ sImbvXv ˛ a\- nse k¶ev]-hn-Iev]-ß-fm-

Ip∂ ]q°ƒ \p≈n-sb-SpØv

atl-i-]qP sNøpw ˛ atl-i\v A¿®n-°p∂

a\p-P\v ˛ a\p-jy\v

as‰mcp the ˛ thsdmcp km[\

sNbvXn-tS≠ ˛ sNtø≠ Bh-iy-an-√.

h\-a-e¿ sImbvXpw ˛ As√-¶n¬ ]qs®-Sn-I-fn¬\n∂pw

]q°ƒ s]m´n®v A¿®n®pw

AX-√-bm-bvIn¬ ˛ C\n AXp-a-s√-¶n¬

ambm-a\p Dcp-hn´pw ˛ ambm-a¥w Dcp-hn´v

Ccn-°n¬ ˛ km[\ sNøp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬

amb amdpw ˛ Xpcy-t_m-[sØ ad-®p-]n-Sn-°p∂

amb amdn-t∏mIpw.

a\p-jy¿ F√m-hcpw t_m[-hn-Im-k-Øns‚ Imcy-Øn¬ Htc-X-c-

Øn-ep-≈-h-c-√. Nne¿ Bfl-X-ØzsØ s]s´∂p Kln-°p-∂p. Nne-

cm-Is´ Kln-°m≥ Ign-bmsX Ipg-™p-t]m-Ip-∂p. Hmtcm-cp-Ø-cnepw

Ccn-°p∂ hmk\-bmWv Ahs‚ CjvSm-\n-jvS-ßsf \n¿Æ-bn-°p-∂-

Xv. hmk-\-bpsS i‡nsb £bn-∏n-t°-≠Xv Bfl-X-Øz-K-l-W-Øn\v

AXy-¥m-t]-£n-X-am-Wv. AXn-\mbn aq∂p D]m-b-ßƒ Kpcp ChnsS ]d-

™p-X-cp-∂p. CXp \sΩ klm-bn-°phm\m-Wv. Hmtcm-cp-Ø¿°pw CW-

ßp-∂Xp amXw kzoI-cn-°p-I. ]t£, GXp km[\ sNøp-tºmgpw

e£yw Bfl-km-£m-XvIm-c-am-sW∂ Imcyw ad-°m≥ ]mSn-√.

H∂m-a-Xmbn, ]q°ƒ hncn-bp-∂-Xp-t]m-se-bmWv a\- n¬ k¶ev]-

ßfpw hnIev]-ßfpw A¶p-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Cu k¶ev]-hn-Iev]-ßsf

]qPm-]p-jv]-ß-fmbn IcpXn A¥-cm-flm-hm-Ip∂ atl-iz-c\v A¿®\

\S-Øp∂ ]Inb XnI®pw [ym\m-fl-I-am-Wv. hfsc GIm-KX

ssIh-cn® Hcmƒ°p amXta Cß-s\-sbmcp \njvT In´p-I-bp-≈q.

Aß-s\-bp-≈ Hcmƒ°v thsd Hcp km[-\-bpsS Bh-iy-an-√.

Abmƒ t£X-Øntem ]≈n-bntem t]mtI≠Xn√. AXbpw

B≤ym-flnIamb Hu∂Xyw B¿÷n-°m≥ Ign™n´n-s√-¶n¬

Ipd®p Im´p-]q-°ƒ CdpØv atl-iz-c\v A¿®-\-bmbn \¬Imw.

AXpa-s√-¶n¬, a\- nse amen-\y-ßƒ \oßp-hm-\mbn a¥-ßƒ

Dcp-hn-Smw. hnip-≤-amb F√m KŸ-ßfpw Kpcq-]-tZ-i-ßfpw a¥-

ß-fm-Wv. Ah \nc-¥cw kzm≤ymbw sNø-Ww. kwi-bn-t°≠.

ambm-tam-l-Øns‚ ]nSn-bn¬\n∂pw ]pd-Øp-I-S-°m≥ Ign-bpw.

hnizm-ky-X-tbmsS A\p-jvTn-°p-I.

30 PU-a-dn-ho-e-dn-hn∂p Nn¥-bn-t√m˛

XnSp-I-bp-an-√-dn-sh-∂-dn-™p k¿∆w

hnSp-In-e-h≥ hni-Zm-¥-cw-K-\mbv ta˛

epS-en-e-a¿∂p-g-ep-∂-Xn√ \q\w

PUw Adn-hoe ˛ PU-Øn\v Adn-bm≥ Ign-bp-I-bn-√.

Adn-hn∂p Nn¥-bn-√ ˛ Xpcy-t_m-[-Øn¬ Nn¥-I-fn√.

HmXn-Sp-I-bpan-√ ˛ B A\p-`hw hm°p-I-fn-te°v

]I¿Øp-hm\pw Bhp-I-bn-√.

Adn-sh-∂-dn-™p ˛ Xpcy-t_m-[sØ Adn-bm≥ D]m-

[n-bpsS Bh-iy-an-√ F∂-dn™v

k¿∆w hnSp-In¬ ˛ PU-kw-_-‘-amb F√m sI´p-]m-

Sp-Ifpw Dt]-£n-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬

Ah≥ ˛ Hcp-h≥

hniZ A¥-cw-K-\mbv ˛ AXn-cp-I-fn-√mØ NnZm-Im-i-Øn¬

\nd-™n-cn-°p-∂-h-\mbnØocp-∂p.

ta¬ ˛ ]n∂oSv

DS-en¬ Aa¿∂v ˛ Rm≥ ico-c-am-sW-∂p-ff

A⁄m-\-Øn\v hi-K-\mbn

Dg-ep-∂-Xn-√ ˛ ZpxJn-°p-∂n-√.

\q\w ˛ CXp Xo¿®-bm-Wv.

\mw F¥-dn-bp-tºmgpw Nn¥n-°m-dp-≠v. Nn¥n-°msX H∂pw

\ap°v Adn-bm≥ Ign-bn-√. Nn¥n-®-dn-bp∂ Adn-hp-Ifpw A\p- -h-ßfpw

amXta \ap°v ]cn-N-b-ap-≈q. F∂m¬ Ft∏m-gmtWm Nn¥-I-sf√mw

\nhr-Ø-am-Ip-∂Xv, hnc-an-°p-∂Xv At∏m-gmWv Xpcy-t_m[w ]Im-in-

°p-∂-Xv. Cu Xpcy-t_m[w a\- p-sImt≠m _p≤n-sImt≠m Cµn-b-

ßƒsImt≠m H∂pw Kmly-amb Xc-Øn-ep-≈-X-√. ImcWw Ch-

sb√mw PU-h-kvXp-°-fm-Wv. Xpcy-t_m[w GIm-fl-]-Xy-b-km-c-am-b-

Xn-\m¬, thsd H∂n-s‚bpw klm-b-an-√msX kzbta Adn-bp∂p. AXm-

bXv \mw \sΩ-Øs∂ th‰p-a-bn-√msX Adn-bp∂p.

]m›m-Xy-X-Øz-Nn-¥-I-cn¬ AZzn-Xo-b-\mb s_¿Kvk¨ B Adn-

hns\ A¥¿⁄m\w (intuition) F∂p hnfn-®p. AXp-sIm≠v, PU-h-

kvXp-°ƒsIm≠v \mw I≠p ioen® Cµn-bm-\p- -h-ßfpw Xpcy-t_m-[-

as√∂p \n›bn-°-Ww. Xpcy-t_m-[m-\p-`-hsØ Ct∂-hsc Bcpw

hm°p-I-fn¬ ]I¿∂p-h-®n- n-√. A\p- -hn-°p-∂--h\v t`m‡r-Xz-an-√m-Ø-

Xn-\m¬ samgn-bm-\m-Ip-∂n-√. IS-ens‚ Bg-a-f-°m≥ t]mb D∏p-]mh

Xncn-®p-h∂v \Ω-tfmSv IS-ens‚ AKm-[-X-sb-°p-dn®v ]d-™p-X-cn-I-bn-

s√∂v \ap-°-dn-bmw. ISepw ]mhbpw H∂m-bn-Øo¿∂m¬ ]ns∂ Bcp

]dbpw? Adn-hn-e-a¿∂m¬ ]ns∂ \m\mXz-ß-fn-√. At∏mƒ Ahs‚

A¥-cwKw kmK-cw-t]mse A\-¥-am-bn-Øo-cpw. ]n∂o-sSm-cn-°epw

Ah\v imco-cn-I-t_m-[-Øm¬ ZpxJn-®p-g-ep-hm≥ CS-h-cp-∂n-√. ZpxJwico-c-Øn-t‚-Xm-Wv. Bflmhn-t‚-X-√. Bflm-hn¬ \mw B\-µ-Xp-µn-e-

cm-Wv. AhnsS ZpxJ-Øns‚ ]ina Ati-j-an-√.

31A\p-`-h-am-Zn-bn-sem-∂n-cn-°n-e-√m˛

X\p-an-Xn-bn-√nXp ap∂-a-£n-bmte

A\p- -hn-bm-X-Xp-sIm≠p [¿Ωn-bp-s≠˛

∂\p-an-Xn-bm-e-dn-ho-e-dn-™n-tS-Ww.

A\p-`hw ˛ Cµn-b-]Xy-£amb A-\p-`hw

BZn-bn¬ ˛ BZy-ta-Xs∂

H∂n-cn-°n¬ A√msX ˛ H∂p-≠m-ImsX

A\p-anXn C√ ˛ A\p-am-\n-®-dn-bp-hm-≥ \ap-°p-

Ign-bp-I-bn-√.

CXv ˛ Cu Xpcy-t_m[w

ap∂w ˛ apºv

A£n-bmte ˛ Cµn-b-]-Xy-£-ambn

A\p-`-hn-bm-b-Xp-sIm≠v ˛ A\p-`-hn-®n-ń-√m-Ø-Xp-sIm≠v

[¿Ωn-bp-s≠∂v ˛ -[¿Ω-ßƒs°√mw A[n-jvTm-\-

amb [¿Ωn Ds≠-∂p-≈Xv

A\p-an-Xn-bm¬ ˛ A\p-am-\-Øn-eqsS

Adn-hoe ˛ Adn-bm≥ ]‰p-I-bn√.

Adn-™n-tSWw ˛ C°mcyw \n›bw hcp-ØWw.

A\p-`hw F∂p \mw km[m-cW ]d-bp-∂Xv Hcp hkvXp-hns\t\cn´p ImWp-tºm-gm-Wv. \mw Hcm-tfmSp ]d-bp-∂p: ‘Rm≥IS¬∏ip-hns\ I≠p.’ At∏mƒ Abmƒ Xncn®p tNmZn-°pw: ‘IS¬∏-ip-thm? AsX-¥mWv?’ CXns‚ A¿∞w Abmƒ°v IS¬∏ip-hns‚]Xy-£m-\p-`hw D≠m-bn-ń√ F∂m-Wv. Abmƒ IS¬∏-ip-hns\t\cn´p I≠n-ń-√. AXp-sIm≠mWv Abm-fn¬ kwibw P\n-®Xv.F∂m¬ IS¬∏ip-hns\ Abmƒ°-dn-bm-am-bn-cp-s∂-¶n¬ Abm-fpsS]Xn-I-cWw thsd coXnbn¬ BIp-am-bn-cp-∂p: ‘Dt∆m. \o It≠m?AsX-hn-sS-bmWv?’ F∂m-bn-cn-°pw. Abmƒ°v IS¬∏ip-hns‚cq]sØ A\p-am-\n-s®-Sp-°m≥ Ign-™p. Cu temI-Øn¬ ]Xy-£-Øn¬ F¥p I≠mepw \mw AXn-s\mcp t]cp sImSp-°pw. t]cv A¥x-I-c-W-Ønse Hc-h-b-h-amb NnØ-Øn¬ t]mbn ad-™n-cn-°pw. t]cpamX-a√ NnØ-Øn-en-cn-°p-∂-Xv. ]Xy-£-Øn¬ I≠ hkvXp-hns‚cq]hpw t]cns‚IqsS ad-™n-cn-°pw. ]ns∂, B t]cp tIƒ°p-tºmƒ\ΩpsS at\m-ap-Ip-c-Øn¬ sXfn-bp-∂Xv hkvXp-h-√; hkvXp-hns‚ HcpImev]-\n-I-cq-]-am-Wv. CXns\ ]Xn` F∂p ]d-bpw.

Xpco-bm-\p- hw \ap°v apºp≠m-bn- n-√. AXp-sIm≠v \ap-°-Xns\A\p-am-\n-s®-Sp-°p-hm≥ Ign-bn-√. amX-a√ Xpco-bm-\p- hw Hcp ]Xn- -bp-a-√. Cu temI-Øns‚ Imcyhpw Aß-s\--X-s∂-bm-Wv. ImWp∂

temIw \ndw, aWw, cpNn, kv]¿iw, i_vZw F∂o [¿Ω-ßfm-Wv.F∂m¬ Cu temI-Øns‚ A[n-jvTm-\-am-bn-cn-°p∂ [¿Ωnsb ]Xy-

£-ambn Adn-bm-Ø-Xp-sIm≠v A\p-am-\n-®-dn-bp-hm\pw Ign-bp-∂n-√. A\p-am-\n-°-W-sa-¶n¬ AXp aptº A\p- -hn-®n-cn-°-Ww. Bflm-\p- hw \ap-

°n-√m-Ø-Xp-sIm≠v \mw A\p-am-\n-°p-∂Xpw Duln-°p-∂Xpw shdpwk¶ev]-hn-Iev]-ßƒ amX-am-Wv. C°mcyw a\- n-em-°-Ww.

32Adn-hXp [¿Ωn-sb-b√ [¿Ω-am-ao˛

bcp-fnb [¿Ωn-b-Zr-iy-am-I-bmte

[c apX-em-b-h-sbm-∂p-an√ Xmßp˛

s∂mcp hSnhmadn-hp-≈-tXm¿Øn-tS-Ww.

Adn-hXp ˛ \mw Adn-bp-∂Xp

[¿Ωn-sb-b√ ˛ Adn-hns‚ A[n-jvTm-\-amb

[¿Ωn-sb-b-√.

[¿Ωamw ˛ [¿Ω-ßsfbm-Wv.

Cu Acp-fnb [¿Ωn ˛ ChnsS ]d-bp∂ [¿Ωn

AZriyw BI-bmte ˛ Cµn-b-tKm-N-ctam at\m-tKm-N-

ctam A√m-Ø-Xn-\m¬

[c apX-em-bh ˛ ]rYn-hn, Pew, A·n, hmbp,

BImiw apX-embh

H∂pw C√ ˛ [¿Ω-ßƒ Bb-Xp-sIm≠v ]c-

am¿∞-Øn¬ C√m-Ø-XmWv.

Xmßp∂ ˛ ]m]-©n-I-[¿Ω-ßƒs°√mw

Xmßm-bn-cn-°p∂

Hcp hSnhmw ˛ Htc-sbmcp B[mcw amX-amb

Adnhv D≈Xv ˛ Adnhp amX-amWv D≈-Xv.

Hm¿Øn-tSWw ˛ Cu -c-lkyw Hm¿Øn-tS-Ww.

[¿Ω-ßƒs°√mw CSw sImSp-°p∂ [¿Ωn ImWm-a-d-b-ØmWvh¿Øn-°p-∂-Xv. [¿Ωnsb ImWm≥ Ign-bp-∂n√ F∂p ]d-bp-∂Xv

Hcp aX-hn-izm-k-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn-e√. Hcp ssIte-kp-I-jWw

FSp-Øm¬, AXp \n¿Ωn-®n-cn-°p-∂Xp \qep sIm≠m-sW-¶nepw \mw

AXv ssIte-km-sWt∂ ]d-bp-I-bp-f-fq. F¥p-sIm-s≠-∂m¬, \qep-

Iƒ \nc-h[n tN¿∂v Hcp ]pXnb cq]sØ ssIsIm-≠-t∏mƒ AXv

ssItekmbn amdn. DZm-l-c-W-Øn\v Hcp ]qsh-Sp-Øm¬, B ]qhns‚

\ndw, aWw, BIm-cw CsXms° \ap°v Cµn-b-Km-ly-am-Wv. F∂m¬

\ndw ]qhmtWm? A√ F∂p- ]d-tb≠n hcpw. aWw ]qhmtWm? A√

F∂p-Xs∂ DØ-cw. AXns‚ am¿±hw ]qhmtWm? AXpw ]qh-√.

]ns∂, Chsb√mw F¥mWv? Ch-bmWv [¿Ω-ßƒ. F√m [¿Ω-ßfpw

tN¿∂n-Wßn hcp-tºmƒ AXp ]qhmbn amdp-∂p. ]ns∂, F¥mWv

]qsh∂v tNmZn-®m¬, Cu [¿Ω-ß-sf-sbm-s°tb \ap°v Nq≠n-°m-

Wn-°m≥ Ign-bq. ChnsS [¿Ωn-bm-bn-cn-°p∂ ]qhv AZr-iyambn-cn-

°p∂p.

\√-Xp-t]mse hnNmcw sNøp-∂-h\p amXta CXp a\- n-em-Iq. A√m-

Ø-h≥ [¿Ω-ß-fpsS sI´p-]m-Sn¬s]´v Ducn-t∏m-cm-\m-ImsX hnj-

an®psIm-≠n-cn-°pw. temI-Øns‚ ÿnXnbpw Aß-s\-X-s∂-bm-Wv. Adn-

hns‚ Htc-sbmcp hSnhp amXta D≈q. B hSn-hns\ ad-®p-h-®p-sIm-

≠mWv `qanbpw sh≈hpw Im‰pw Xobpw BIm-i-hp-sa√mw \Ω-fpsS

ImgvN-h- -Øn-te°p hcp-∂-Xv. Ch-sb√mw [¿Ω-ß-fpsS ÿm\Øv

\n¬°p-∂-h-bm-Wv. Adnhv H∂p-am-X-amWv [¿Ωn-bm-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. hSnhv

F∂ hm°v Kpcp-hns‚ IrXn-I-fn¬ khn-ti-jm¿∞-Øn¬ ]tbm-Kn-°p-

∂-Xm-Wv. hSn-hn\v Cw•o-jn¬ subsratum F∂p ]d-bpw. Cu hSn-hmWv

F√m-‰n-s‚bpw B[m-c-am-bn-cn-°p∂Xvv F∂p a\- n-em-°-Ww.

33

Adnhp \nP-ÿn-Xn-bn-ß-dn-™n-Sm-\m-bv˛

≤c apX-emb hn`q-Xn-bmbn Xmt\

adn-bp-a-h-ÿ-bn-te-dn-am-dn- h- w˛

Xncn-bp-a-em-X-kaw Xncn-™n-Sp-∂p.

Adnhv ˛ [¿Ωn-bmb Adnhv

\nP-ÿnXn ˛ kz¥w \nesb

Cß-dn-™n-Sm-\mbv ˛ kzbta A\p-`-hn-®dn-bm\mbn

[c apX-emb ˛ `qan apX-emb

hn`q-Xn-bmbn Xmt\ ˛ ]©-`q-X-ß-fm-Ip∂ [¿Ω-ßsf

kzbw ssIs°m-≠p-sIm≠v

adnbpw Ah-ÿ-bn¬ ˛ Ne-\m-fl-I-amb Hc-h-ÿ-bn¬

Gdn amdn h´w Xncnbpw ˛ Gdnbpw amdnbpw Np‰n-Øn-cn-bp∂

Aem-X-kaw ˛ Xos°m-ffn Id-°p-tºmƒ D≠m-

Ip∂ Xoh-e-b-]-XoXnt]mse

Xncn-™n-Sp∂p ˛ Adn-hn¬ Id-ßn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xn-

\m¬ ]]-©-]-XoXn tXm∂n-°p-

∂p.

Adnhv Htc-k-abw ssÿXn-Ihpw Ne-\m-fl-I-hp-am-Wv. AXns‚_mly-h-i-Øp-\n∂p t\m°p-tºmƒ Adn-hn\p ]e-X-c-Øn-ep-ff cq]-t`-Z-ßfpw `mh-t`-Z-ßfpw kw`-hn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xmbn ImWmw.Adn-hns\ Bg-Øn¬ t]mbn Adn-™m¬ ssÿXn-I-amb Hcp km£n-bpsS \ne-bm-bn-cn°pw. krjvSn F∂p ]d-bp-∂Xv Adn-hn-s‚-Xs∂

Nme-\-]-Inb-bpsS XpS-°-am-Wv. Adn-hn¬ A¥¿K-X-am-bn-cn-°p∂C—m-i‡n aqe-amWv krjvSn-]-In-b°v XpS°w Ipdn-°p-∂-Xv. krjvSn-°-s∏´ krjvSn-Pm-e-ßƒs°√mw Adn-hn¬\n∂pw A\y-Ym-I-cn® HcptXm∂-en\v CS-h-cp-Øp-∂p.

AXn-s\-bmWv Pohs‚ Akzmÿyw F∂p ]d-bp-∂-Xv. kIePoh-Pm-e-ß-fnepw Cu Akzmÿyw ImWmw. \nP-ÿnXn Adn-bp-thmfw Cu Akzmÿyw \ne-\nev°pw. \nP-ÿnXn Adn-™m¬ F√mwkzÿ-am-Ipw. ]]©-Ne\w D≠m-Ip-∂-tXm-Sp-IqSn Poh-Pm-e-ßƒhn`m-¥n-bn¬ AI-s∏-Sp-∂p. Hcp Xos°m-≈n FSpØv Npg-‰n-bm¬Xos°m-≈n k©-cn-°p∂ hrØm-Im-c-Øn¬ apgp-h\pw Xo IØn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xp-t]mse tXm∂pw. sIm≈n-bpsS sX√ØpamXta Xobp-≈q F∂p \ap-°-dn-bmw. F∂mepw \ΩpsS IÆns\ Ft¥m H∂vNXn-°p-∂p-≠v. imkvXw Cu sX‰ns\ optical illusion F∂mWv]d-bm-dv. i≤m-\zn-X-ambn hnth-N-\\m]q¿∆w a\\w sNbvXmte Adn-hns‚ \nP-ÿn-Xnsb ]m]n-°m≥ Ign-bp-I-bp-≈q. AXp-hsc ]]-©-Øns‚ `am-fl-I-X-bn¬ \Ωfpw Ipcp-ßn-t∏m-Ipw.

34Ac-s\m-Sn-bm-Zn-b-cm-fn-bm¿∂nSpw tX˛

cpcp-f-Xn-te-dn-bp-cp-≠n-Sp∂p temIw

Adn-hn-e-\m-Zn-b-Xmbv \S-∂nSpw X≥˛

Xncp-hn-f-bm-S-en-sX-∂-dn-™n-tS-Ww.Ac-s\mSn BZn ˛ ka-b-Øns‚ G‰hpw sNdnb

amXIfmb

Acmfn B¿∂nSpw ˛ Bc-°m-ep-I-tfmSp IqSnb

tXcp-cp-f-Xn¬ Gdn ˛ cY-N-I-Øn¬ Ibdn

Dcp-≠n-Sp∂p ˛ Dcp-≠p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂-XmWv temIw

˛ temIw.

Adn-hn¬ ˛ Bfl-k-Ø-bn¬

A\mZn AXmbv ˛ Imem-Xo-X-ambn

\S-∂nSpw ˛ \S-∂p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂

X≥ Xncp-hn-f-bm-S¬ ˛ Bflm-hns‚ Znhy-\-S\w amX-am-Wv.

CsX∂v ˛ Cu temIw F∂p

Adn-™n-tSWw ˛ t_m[y-s∏-´p-sIm-≈Ww.

temIw \Ω-fn-te°v IS-∂p-h-cp-∂Xv A\p- -h-ß-fpsS \pdp-ßp-I-

fm-bm-Wv. FX-sbX Zriy-ß-fmWv amdn-amdn a\- n-eqsS IS-∂p-t]m-Ip-∂-

Xv. Hc-\p- hw D≈nepw shfn-bnepw Htc-t]mse Xßn-\n¬°p-tºmƒ

AXns\ Ac-s\mSn F∂p ]d-bpw. F∂p ]d-™m¬ h¿Ø-am-\-Im-e-Øn¬ amXta A\p- -h-Øn\v \ne-\n¬∏p-≈q. ASp-Ø-£Ww thsdm-c-

\p- hw h¿Ø-am-\-Im-e-Øn-te°p IS∂phcp-∂p. At∏mƒ sXm´p-ap-ºp≠m-bn-cp∂ A\p- hw qX-Im-e-Øns‚ sN∏n-te°v ]n≥hm-ßp-∂p. Hc-\p- hw

h¿Ø-am-\-Im-e-Øn¬ \ne-\n¬°p-tºmƒXs∂ `mhn-bn¬ C\n hmcm-\n-cn-°p∂ A\p- -h-Øns‚ km[yX Xøm-dm-bn-cn-°p-∂p-≠v. CXn-s\-sbms°

\nb-¥n-°p∂ \nbaw F¥m-sW∂p tNmZn-®m¬ XnI®pw At⁄-b-ambHcp Xe-Øn-¬ \ΩpsS a\- p-sN∂v DS°n-\n¬°pw.

temI-Øns‚ Cu NmIn-I-amb Ne-\m-fl-I-Xsb Hcp cY-N-I-

Øn-t\m-SmWv Kpcp D]-an-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. ChnsS temIsØ (space)Ime-Øn¬ (time) \n∂pw `n∂n-∏n-°m-sX-bmWv Kpcp ]d-bp-∂-Xv. cY-

N-I-Øns‚ Bc-°m-ep-Isf Ime-Øns‚ amX-Ifmbn FÆp-∂p.Hmtcm Bc-°mepw `qansb kv]¿in-°p-tºmƒ AsXmcp h¿Ø-am-\-

Im-em-\p-`-h-ambn. B Bc-°m¬ ]n∂m-ºp-d-tØ°p t]mIp-tºmƒAXp qX-Im-e-am-bn. hcm-\n-cn-°p∂ Bc-°m-ep-Iƒ mhn-Im-e-Øns‚

kqN-\-I-fm-Wv. CXbpw at\m-l-c-amb Hcp D]a thsdsb-hn-sSbpwIs≠-Øm≥ Ign-bp-∂n-√. D]-\n-j-Øp-°-fn¬ Nne Ahy‡ ]cm-a¿i-

ßƒ Ds≠∂ Imcyw ad-°p-∂n-√. Adn-hn¬ \S-∂p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂

Cu cY-N-I-k-am-\-amb Xncn-®n-ens\ Bflm-hns‚ Xncp-hn-f-bm-´-am-

bn-´mWv hnti-jn-∏n-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. ]]©w F∂Xv inhs‚ \S-\-am-

sW∂v ssihkn-≤m-¥n-Iƒ Icp-Xp-∂p. Cu ]]-©-\-S-\w- F∂p

XpSßnsb∂p Duln-s®-Sp-°m≥ Ign-bp-I-bn-√. A\m-Zn-bm-sW∂v \nK-

an-°mt\ H°q. Pohn-XØns‚ Cu \S-t\m-’-h-Øn¬ \ap°pw ]¶p-

tN¿∂p \rØ-am-Sm≥ Ign-b-Ww. \ΩpsS IrXn-a-Ku-c-h-ß-fpsS s]m≈-

Ø-c-ßƒ At∏mƒ XI¿∂p-ho-gpw. Bflm-\p-`hn AXp-sIm≠v \S-\-

ss`-c-h≥X-s∂-bm-Wv.

35Hcp ]Xn-\m-bn-c-am-Zn-tX-b-scm-∂mbv

hcp-h-Xp-t]mse hcpw hnth-I-hrØn

Adn-hns\ aqSp-a-\n-Xy-am-b-bm-ao˛

bncp-fn-s\-bo¿s∂-gp-am-Zn-kq-cy-\-tX.

Hcp ]Xn-\m-bncw ˛ Hcp ]Xn-\m-bncw

BZn-tX-b¿ ˛ kqcy-∑m¿

H∂mbv hcp-h-Xp-t]mse ˛ H∂n®pZn®m¬ F∂-Xp-t]mse

hcpw ˛ kw`-hn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv

hnth-I-hrØn ˛ Bfl-t_m[w.

Adn-hns\ aqSpw ˛ Adn-hns‚ ]q¿Æ-Xsb s]mXn-

™p-\n¬°p∂

A\n-Xy-am-bbmw ˛ \nXy-a-√mØ amb BIp∂

Cu Ccp-fns\ ˛ Cu A⁄m-\-am-Ip∂ Ccp-´ns\

Cu¿s∂gpw ˛ ]nf¿∂p-am‰n DZn-®p-b-cp∂

BZn-kq-cy-\tX ˛ BZn-kq-cy-\mWv Bfl-t_m-[w.

Bflm-\p- -h-sØ mj-bn-eqsS hyh-l-cn-®p-X-cm≥ Bhp-I-bn-√.hymh-lm-cn-I-`m-j-bn¬ Bflm-hn\p XØp-ey-ambn H∂pw-Xs∂ C√.aqI-\mb Hcmƒ BZy-ambn ]©-kmc Xn∂p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ B A\p-`hw Fßs\ thsdm-cmƒ°v ]d™p-sIm-Sp-°m≥ Ignbpw? AtX-t]m-se-bp-≈ Hc-h-ÿ-bmWv Bfl ⁄m-\n-bp-tS-Xv. F∂mepw \mcm-b-W-Kpcp a\p-jy-ta-[sb mthm-÷z-e-am-°p∂ Hcp-Zm-l-cWw FSp-Øp-Im-Wn-°p-∂p.

Adnhv shfn-®-am-Wv. Hcp- kq-cys‚ shfn-®w-sIm-≠p-Xs∂ Cu`qa-WvU-ew apgp-h≥ ]Im-i-]q-cn-X-am-Ip-∂p. F∂m¬ Hcp ]Xn-\m-bncw kqcy-∑m¿ H∂n-®p-Zn-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ Ccp-´ns‚ Hcp sNdp-I-Wn-I-°p-t]mepw ChnsS \n¬°-°-≈n-bn-√m-Xm-Ipw. AXp-t]m-se-

bmWv Bfl-kq-cy-\p-Zn-®m¬ A⁄m-\-Øn-t‚-Xmb A‘-Im-c-Øn\v

\ΩpsSbp≈n¬ \ne-bp-d-∏n-°m≥ Ign-bmsX t]mIp-∂-Xv. Adn-hns\

aqSn-bn-cn-°p∂ ambm-aq-Sp-]Sw Xpc∂v BZn-a-amb Bfl-kq-cys‚

]Imiw shfn-hm-Ip∂ NnXw Imhy-kp-µcamWv. Cu `mhp-I-Xz-aq-

dp∂ NnXw \ΩpsS Hmtcm-cp-Ø-cp-tSbpw D≈n¬ Hfn-™n-cn-°p∂

A\-¥-km-[y-X-Isf Zo-]vX-am-°m≥ t]mcp∂-Xm-Wv. Kpcphns‚ A¥-

cm-\p-`q-Xn-bm-Wv Cu t«mI-Øn-se -]-ta-bw.

36

Adn-hn\p i‡n-b-\-¥-ap-≠n-sX-√m˛

adp-Xn-bnSmw ka-b-\y-sb-∂n-hÆw

Ccp-]n-cn-hm-bnXn-e-\y-km-ay-am¿∂p˛

≈p-cp-hn-e-a¿∂p sXfn™pW¿∂n-tS-Ww-.

Adn-hn\p ˛ tIh-e-amb Adn-hn\v

i‡n A\-¥-ap≠v ˛ A\-¥-amb i‡n-I-fp-≠v.

CsX√mw ˛ Cu i‡n-I-sf-sb√mw

ka A\y F∂n-hÆw ˛ ka F∂pw A\y F∂p-ap-≈

Ccp-]n-cn-hmbv ˛ c≠p `m-K-ß-fmbn

Adp-Xn-bnSmw ˛ Xcw-Xn-cn-®p a\- n-em-°mw.

CXn¬ ˛ Cu ]ncn-hn¬

A\y-km-ay-am¿∂p-≈ ˛ A\ybpw kabpw Hcp-t]mse

ka-\z-bn®n-cn-°p∂

Dcp-hn¬ ˛ kzcq-]-Øn¬

Aa¿∂v ˛ A\p-`-h-km-bpPyw Is≠Øn

sXfn™v ˛ kwi-b-ß-sf√mw ]mtS t]mbn

DW¿∂n-tSWw ˛ DW¿∂n-cn-°-Ww.

Adn-hns‚ Ne-\m-fl-IX Ah-[n-bn-√mØ-Xm-Wv. AXns‚ km[y-

X--Iƒ FX-amXaps≠∂v \ap°v FÆn-Øn-´-s∏-Sp-Øm-\m-hn-√. AXp-sIm≠v Adn-hn\p i‡n A\-¥-ap-≠v. F∂mepw kXym-t\z-j-I-\mb

HcmfpsS Ah-[m-c-W-Øn-\mbn Kpcp ]d-™p-sIm-Sp-°p∂p. Cu i‡n-Iƒ°v s]mXpth c≠p Xc-Øn-ep-ff kz`m-h-ß-fmWp≈Xv. Cßs\

hI-Xn-cn®p a\- n-em-°p-tºmƒ BZysØ i‡n OnZ-i-‡n-bm-Wv.c≠m-a-tØXv GIo-I-c-W-i-‡n-bm-Wv. OnZ-i‡n k¿∆Ym Ie-ln-

®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°pw. B[p-\n-I-a-\-xim-kvX-Øn¬ CXns\ negativemind F∂mWv ]d-bp∂-Xv. t_m[-Øn¬Xs∂ Ccn-°p∂ sFIy-s∏-

Sm-\p-ff Du¿÷-Nm-e-\-am-Wv positive mind.

Cu t«m-I-Øn¬ Kpcp kzoI-cn-®n-cn-°p∂ kw⁄-Iƒ ‘A\y’F∂pw ‘ka’ F∂p-am-Wv. temI-hp-am-bn XmZm-fly-s∏- n-cn-°p∂ \m\m-Xz-`aw Df-hm-°p∂ _p≤n-bmWv A\y. AXp-sIm-≠m-WXv Ie-ln-°p-

∂-Xv. F∂m¬, Bfl-\n-jvT-amb _p≤n-bmWv ka. AXv IqSp-X¬kvt\l-Øns‚bpw Imcp-Wy-Øn-s‚bpw ka-\z-b-Øn-s‚bpw hgn-bm-Wv.

Cu c≠p i‡n-Ifpw Adn™pw Adn-bm-tXbpw \Ω-fn-sems°]h¿Øn-°p-∂p-≠v. ]t£, Ch c≠pw ]mIr-Xn-I-amb i‡n-I-fm-Wv.

AXp-sIm≠v A\ybpw kabpw _‘-tl-Xp-I-am-Wv. Kpcp ]d-bp-∂XvBfl-km-£m-XvIm-c-Øn-te°v AW-b-W-sa-¶n¬ Hcp L´w IqSn apt∂-

td-≠-Xp-≠v. A\y°pw ka°pw CSw sImSp-°p∂ Hcp A[n-jvTm-\-ap-≠v. B A[n-jvTm\w Adn-hns‚ tIh-e-X-bm-Wv. B A[n-jvTm-\sØ

Kpcp ChnsS \ma-I-cWw sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂Xv ‘A\y-kmay’ F∂m-Wv.B A\y-km-ay-bn¬ Aa-cp∂-Xn-eqsS \mw Aa-c-\m-bn-Øo-cp-∂p.

AXn\mbn \Ωnse XrjvW-I-sf√mw HSp-tß-≠-Xm-bn- p-≠v. At_m-[-Øn¬ Hfn-™p-In-S-°p∂ Ima-˛-tIm-[-˛-tem` t]c-W-Iƒ F√mw

Hgn™pXo-cWw. At∏mƒ D≈w sXfn-hp-≈-Xm-bn-Øo-cpw. B sXfn-hn¬ Ft∏mgpw DW¿∂n-cn-°-Ww.

37

hnj-a-X-bm¿s∂-gp-a-\y- sh-∂p-sImƒhm≥

hnj-a-a-J-WvUhn-th-I-i-‡n-sbt∂y

hnj-asb sh∂-Xn-\m¬ hnth-I-amIpw

hnj-b-hn-tcm-[n-\n-tbm-S-W-™n-tS-Ww.

hnj-a-X-bm¿s∂gpw A\y ˛ A\y F∂ i‡n hnj-a-X-Iƒ

D≠m-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.

sh∂p-sImƒhm≥ hnjaw ˛ CXns\ adn-I-S-°p-hm≥ hfsc

]bm-k-am-Wv.

AJ-WvU-hn-th-I-i-‡n-sbt∂y ˛ F∂m¬ AJ-WvU-hn-th-I-i‡n

bp-s≠¶n¬ km[n-°pw.

AXn-\m¬ ˛ AXp-sIm≠v

hnj-asb sh∂v ˛ A\y-bm-Ip∂ hnj-asb AXn-

h¿Øn®v

hnth-I-amIpw ˛ AJ-WvU-hn-th-I-am-Ip∂

hnj-b-hn-tcm-[n-\n-tbmSv ˛ hnj-b-Øns‚ ]‰en-√mØ

Bfl-t_m-[-tØmSv

AW-™n-tSWw ˛ tN¿∂n-cp-∂ntS-Ww.

A\ysb Pbn-°p-hm≥ hnj-a-am-Wv. X∂n¬\n∂v F√m-‰n-t\bpw

A\y-ambn Adn-bp-∂-XmWv A\y-Ym-K-l-Ww. Cu ]]©w apgp-h\pw

X∂n-¬\n∂v A-\y-am-sW-∂-dn-bp-tºmƒ Abm-fn¬ D≠m-Ip∂

BZysØ Ahÿ ZmcnZy-am-Wv. A∂-Øns‚ A`mhw amX-a√

ZmcnZyw. C√mbva a\- ns\ _m[n-®p-Xp-S-ßp-∂n-S-Øp-\n-∂mWv

ZmcnZyw XpS-ßp-∂-Xv. At∏mƒ temIw apgp-h≥ Xt‚-Xm-°-W-sa∂

BK-lw Abmfn¬ P\n-°pw. AXmWv Abmsf Zcn-Z-\m-°p-∂-Xv.

Aßs\ Abmƒ temI-Po-hn-X-Øn¬ \S-Øp∂ ]cnia-ßƒ apgp-

h≥, Fs¥m-s°-bmtWm X∂n¬\n-∂v A-\y-am-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv AXn-s\-

sb√mw Xt‚-Xm-°p-∂Xn-\p-th≠n-bm-Wv. Cu apgp-h≥ \mK-cn-I-X-bp-tSbpw hnI-k\w Aß-s\-sbmcp Zmcn-Zy-Øn¬\n-∂mWv \S-∂p-sIm-

≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. kpJw Xnc-bp-∂-Xp-t]mepw temI-hn-jb-ß-fn-em-Wv.-A-Xns‚ ImcWw, BZy-ta-Xs∂ \mw temIsØ \Ωn¬\n∂pw A\y-

am-°n-b-Xp-sIm-≠m-Wv.

Cu A\y-Xz-ap-≈ _p≤nsb Pbn-°p-hm≥ Htc-sbmcp hgn-tb-bp-f-fq.

Rm≥ AJ-WvU-t_m-[-kz-cq-]-\m-sW-∂-dn-bp-I. Rm≥ ]q¿Æ-\m-sW∂-dn-bp-I. Rm≥ \mi-an-√m-Ø-h\m-sW-∂-dn-bp-I. CXn-s\-bmWv hnthIw

F∂p ]d-bp-∂-Xv. hnth-tIm-Zbw D≠m-bm¬ hnj-b-ssh-j-ay-Øn¬\n-

∂p-≈ ap‡n Xmt\ kw -hn-®p-sIm-≈pw. sshcmKyw _ew ]nSn®p D≠m-°n-sb-Sp-t°≠ H∂-√. kpJ-h-kvXp-hn-te°v a\ v N©-en-®p-t]m-Ip-∂Xv

kzm`m-hn-I-am-Wv. F∂m¬ hnthIw D≠m-Ip-tºmƒ F√m kpJ-ß-fp-tS-bpw \ntI-X\w Bflm-hp-X-s∂-bm-sW∂v Ah≥ Adn-bp-∂p. At∏mƒ

kzm`m-hn-I-am-bn-Xs∂ Ah≥ hnj-b-hn-tcm-[n-bmbn hn-°p-∂p. hntcm-[-an-√mØ hntcm[n F∂p a\- n-em-°-Ww.

38

]e-hn-[-am-b-dn-bp-∂-X-\y-sbm-∂mbv

hne-kp-hXmw ka-sb∂p taen-temXpw

\ne-sb-b-dn™p \nh¿∂p kmay-taepw

Ie-bn-e-en™p Ie¿∂n-cp-∂n-tS-Ww.

]e hn[-ambv Adn-bp-∂Xv ˛ Adn-hns‚ GI-Xsb ]e-Xmbn

Adn-bp-∂Xv

A\y ˛ A\y-bm-Wv.

H∂mbv hne-kp-hXmw ˛ kI-e-Xn-t\bpw H∂mbn Adn-bp-∂Xv

ka ˛ ka-bmWv

F∂v taen--temXpw ˛ CXns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ C\n

hni-Zo-I-cn-°m≥ t]mIp∂

\nesb Adn™v ˛ Fhn-sS-bmWv \ne-bp-d-∏n-t°-≠-

sX∂p a\- n-em°n

\nh¿∂v ˛ t_m[sØ Ccp-i-‡n-Ifn¬

\n∂pw \nh¿Øn-∏n®v

kmay-taepw Ie-bn¬ ˛ A\ybpw kabpw HØp-tN-cp∂

\Sp-\n-e-bn¬

Aen™v ˛ kzbw Aen-™p-tN¿∂v

Ie¿∂n-cp-∂n-tSWw ˛ B A\p-`q-Xn-bn¬ Ft∏mgpw

Pohn-®p-sIm-≈Ww.

A\y F¥m-sW∂pw ka F¥m-sW∂pw \n¿hNn-°p-∂-XmWv Cu]Zyw. Adnhv \m\m-Xz-Øn-te°pw GI-Xz-Øn-te°pw Nen-°p∂ kz`m-

h-tØm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-Xm-Wv. Adn-hns‚ Cu KXo-b-Xsb (dynamism) HcpDZm-l-c-W-Øn-eqsS a\- n-em-°mw. Hcp kqcy-civansb Hcp ]nkØneqsS

IS-Øn-hn-Sp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ AXv k]vX-h¿Æ-ambn NnX-dn-∏n-cn-bp-∂XpImWmw. F∂m¬ At\-I-kq-cy-c-ivan-Isf Hcp se≥kn-eqsS IS-Øn-hn-

´m¬ AsXmcp _nµp-hn¬ h∂p tIµo-I-cn-°p∂Xpw ImWmw. CtX-

t]m-se-bmWv Adnhv GI-Xm-\-am-Ip-∂Xpw _lp-kz-cn-X-am-Ip-∂-Xpw.

]m›m-Xy-Nn-¥-I-fn¬ tI´p-t]m-cp∂ hnt«-jWw (analysis) Adn-hns‚ A\y F∂ Xe-hp-ambn _‘-s∏- Xm-Wv. F∂m¬ kwt«-jWw

(synthesis) Adn-hns‚ ka F∂ i‡n-bm-Wv. Ch c≠n¬ GsX-¶nepw H∂n\p ]m[m\yw sImSp-Øp-sIm-≠p-≈ Hcp Pohn-X-ho-£-

W-sØ-b√ Kpcp hnI-kn-∏n-s®-Sp-°p-∂-Xv. Chbv°p c≠n\pw Ah-bp-tS-Xmb kmwK-Xy-ß-fp-≠v. ]k-‡n-bp-≠v. kasb D]-tbm-Kn-

t°-≠n-SØv kasb D]-tbm-Kn-°p-hm\pw A\ysb D]-tbm-Kn-t°-≠n-SØv A\ysb D]-tbm-Kn-°p-hm\pw Adn-bp-∂-h-\mWv tbmKn.

Aßs\ c≠p [ph-ß-tfbpw Ipi-e-X-tbm-Sp-IqSn D]-tbm-Kn-°-W-sa-¶n¬ \mw \ΩpsS D◊sb Hcp \Sp-\n-e-bn¬ \ndptØ-≠-Xm-bn-

´p-≠v. B \Sp-\n-e-bmWv kmay-taepw Ie. B Ie-bn¬ Aen-™p-tN¿∂v AXm-bn-X-s∂-bn-cn-°-Ww. ChnsS Zzµzm-Xo-X-\m-bn-Øocp∂

tbmKn I¿Xr-Xz-˛-⁄m-Xr-Xz˛t`m‡rXz tZmj-ß-fn¬\n-s∂√mwhnap-‡-\m-bn-cn-°pw.

39Acp-fnb i‡n-IsfØpS¿∂p c≠mw

]ncn-hn-h-bn¬ ka-X≥hn-ti-j-taIw

hncXn hcm hnj-am-hn-ti-j-sam-∂n˛

Øc-anh c≠p Xc-Øn-em-bn-Sp∂pAcp-fnb ˛ apI-fn¬ ]d™

i‡n-Isf XpS¿∂v ˛ c≠p i‡n-Isf Xp-S¿∂phcp∂

c≠mw ]ncnhv ˛ c≠p ]ncn-h-p-IƒIqSn D≠v.

Ch-bn¬ ˛ Cu ]ncn-hp-I-fn¬

GIw ˛ H∂v

ka-X≥ hntijw ˛ ka-bpsS hnti-j-amWv

H∂v ˛ thsdm∂v

hncXn hcm ˛ A¥-an-√mØ

hnj-am-hn-tijw ˛ A\y-bpsS hnti-j-am-Wv.

CØcw ˛ Cßs\

c≠p Xc-Øn¬ ˛ c≠p Xc-Øn-emWv

Ch ˛ ]ncn-hp-Iƒ

Bbn-Sp∂p ˛ Bbn-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

ka F∂ i‡n-sb-°p-dn®pw A\y F∂ i‡n-sb-°p-dn®pw HcpG-I-tZ-i- hn-h-cWw Ign™ aq∂p ]Zy-ß-fn-eqsS \¬In-°-gn-™p.

F∂m¬ Ipd-®p-IqSn hym]vXn-bn¬ Adn-hns‚ Cu i‡n-Isf°pdn®v

a\- n-em-t°-≠-Xp-≠v. ka°pw A\y°pw kmam-\yw (general) hnti-jw (particular) F∂ Xc-Øn¬ ho≠pw Hcp D]-hn- -P\w Bh-iy-ambn

h∂n-cn-°p-∂p. kmam\yw F∂m¬ F√m-‰n-t\bpw H∂n-s®-SpØv ]d-bp-∂-Xn-s\-bmWv hnti-jw- F-∂m¬ AXn-te-sX-¶nepw H∂ns\ ]tXy-In-

s®-SpØp ]d-bp-∂-Xn-s\-bm-Wv. hmg F∂Xv Hcp kmam-\y-]-Z-am-Wv.]qh≥hm-g, IZ-fn-hm-g, IÆ≥hmg F∂nh hnti-j-]-Z-ß-fm-Wv. hnti-j-

ßƒ tN¿∂mWv kmam\yw D≠m-Ip-∂-Xv. F∂m¬ Nne-t∏mƒkmam\yhpw hnti-j-am-bn-Øo-cm\nS-bp-≠v. hr£w F∂ kmam-\ysØ

FSp-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ At\-I-hr-£-ß-fn¬ H∂mWv hmg. At∏mƒ hmghnti-j-ambnØocp-∂p. F√m kmam-\yßfpsSbpw kam-\m-[n-I-c-W-am-

bn-cn-°p∂ (common basis) H∂mWv Adnhv F∂ hnh-£. At∏mƒkasb-Xs∂ kmam-\y-ka, hntijka F∂pw, A\y-sb-Xs∂ kmam\y

A\y, hntij- A\y F∂pw ]ncn-®p-]-d-tb-≠n-h-cpw. C\n hcp∂ t«mI-ß-fn¬ C°mcyw DZm-l-c-W-k-lnXw hy‡-am-°p-∂p-≠v.

40ka-bnepa\y-bnepw kZm]n h∂n˛

ßa-cp-h-Xp-≠-X-Xn≥ hnti-j-i‡n

Aan-X-b-Xm-In-ep-amsI c≠n-h-‰n≥˛

`a-I-e-bm-e-Jnew ]ta-b-am-Ipw.

ka-bnepw A\y-bnepw ˛ kao-I-cn-°p∂ Adn-hnepw A\y-

Ym-I-cn-°p∂ Adn-hnepw

kZm]n ˛ Ft∏mgpw

AX-Xn≥ hnti-j-i‡n ˛ ka°v ka-bpsS hnti-j-

i‡-nbpw A\y°v A\y-bpsS

hnti-j-i-‡nbpw

h∂nßv Aa-cp-h-Xp-≠v ˛ HØptN¿∂p \n¬°m-dp-≠v.

Aan-X-b-Xm-In-epw ˛ hnti-j-i-‡n-Iƒ FÆn-bm-sem-Sp-

ßm-Ø-h-bm-sW-¶nepw

BsI c≠n-h-‰n≥ ˛ BsI-IqSn t\m-°n-bm¬ Cu

c≠p ]ncn-hp-Ifp-tSbpw

`-a-I-e-bm¬ ˛ ZpX-N-e\w Imc-W-amWv

AJn-ew ˛ kIe temIhpw

]ta-b-am-Ipw ˛ Adn-hn\p hnj-bo-`-hn°p∂-Xv.

Hcp hkvXp-hn-s\-°p-dn®p kmam-\y-ambpw hnti-j-ambpw \ap-°-dn-bm≥ Ign-bpw. kmam-\y-⁄m-\-Øn¬ Hcp GI-tZ-i-[m-c-Wtb In´p-I-bp-≈q. hnti-j-⁄m-\-Øn¬ hkvXp-hns\ kw_-‘n® IrXy-ambAdn-hp-Iƒ e`n-°p-∂p. Hcmƒ \tΩmSv sNSn I≠n- pt≠m F∂p tNmZn-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ \mw DS-s\-Xs∂ Hcp adp-tNmZyw Atßm´p tNmZn-°pw: ‘GXp sNSn?’ sNSn Hcp kmam-\y-⁄m-\-am-Wv. B kmam-\y-Øn¬ At\Iw hnti-j-\m-a-ßƒ D≈-S-ßn-bn-cn-°p-∂p-≠v. At∏mƒ‘kqcy-Im-¥n-s®Sn I≠n- pt≠m?’ F∂p ]tXy-In-s®-SpØp tNmZn®m¬Abmƒ°v a\- n-em-Ipw. IrXy-amb Adnhv Abmƒ°v e`n-°p-∂p. CXp-

t]mse Hcp Ip™p hf¿∂p-h-cp-tºmƒ temIsØ kw_-‘n® hnti-jm-\p`hßsf kzmb-Ø-am-°p-hm≥th≠n-bmWv A—-t\mSpw AΩ-

tbmSpw tNmZy-ßƒ tNmZn-°p-∂-Xv.

ka F∂ Adn-hnepw A\y F∂ Adn-hnepw Cßs\ kmam\ywF∂pw hntijw F∂pw D≈ c≠p ]ncn-hp-Isf∏‰n Ign™ ]Zy-Øn¬ kqNn-∏n-®p-ht√m? Cu hnti-j-i-‡n-Iƒ Ft∏mgpw kmam-\y-tØmSptN¿∂v h¿Øn-°m-dp-≠v. FÆn-bm-semSp-ßmØ Xc-Øn-ep-≈ hnti-j--ß-fmWv Hmtcm hkvXp-⁄m-\Ønepw Ccn-°p-∂-Xv.Hcp ]qhn-s\-X-s∂ FSpØp ]cn-tim-[n-®p-t\m-°p-tºmƒ Hcm-bncwtNmZy-ßƒ B ]qhns\ kw_-‘n®p \ap-°-dn-bm≥ BK-l-ap-≠m-Ipw. B ]qhns‚ \ndw, aWw, BIr-Xn, PmXn FX-Imew B ]qhvPohn-°pw? AsX-ß-s\-bmWv ]cm-KWw \S-Øp-∂-Xv? Cßs\ XpS-

ßp∂ tNmZy-ßƒ FÆn-bm-sem-Sp-ßm-Ø-Xm-Wv. kmam-\y-Øn\pwhnti-j-Øn\pw CS-bn¬ Adnhv Gdn-am-dn-Øn-cn-bp-∂p-≠v. \mw AX-

dn-bm-dn-s√∂p amXw. Hcp h≠v Nnd-I-Sn-°p-∂-Xn-t\-°mƒ ZpX-K-Xn-bn-emWv Adn-hns‚ Cu ]Inb \S-°p-∂-Xv. Adn-hn¬ \S-°p∂

Cu m\-hrØn apJm-¥c-amWv temI-Øn-ep-≈sX√mw \ap°v Kmly-am-bn-Øo-cp-∂-Xv. ASpØ c≠p t«mI-Øn¬ C°mcyw DZm-l-c-W-

k-lnXw Kpcp hy‡-am-°p-∂p.

41‘CXp IpS-’sa-∂-Xn-em-Zy- am-‘an-sX’-∂p˛

≈Xp hnjam ‘IpS’tam hnti-j-am-Ipw

aXn apX-emb atl-µ-Pm-e-ap-≠m˛

hXn-\n-Xp-Xm≥ Icp-sh∂p I≠n-tS-Ww.

CXp IpSw F∂-Xn¬ ˛ CXp IpSamIp∂p F∂p ]d-bp-tºmƒ

BZy-amw ˛ BZyw ]d™

CXv F∂p-≈-Xv ˛ CXv F∂Xp-sIm≠v Dt±-in-°p-∂Xv

hnj-am ˛ kmam-\y-amb A\y-sb-bmWv.

IpS-tam ˛ IpSw F∂ hm°p -sIm≠v A¿∞

am-°p-∂Xv

hnti-j-am-Ipw ˛ A\y-bpsS hnti-j-cq-]-Øn-ep-≈

Adn-hm-Wv.

aXn apX-em-b ˛ A¥°-c-W-hr-Øn-I-fpsS

atl-µ-Pm-ew ˛ Cµ-Pmew t]msebp-≈ ]Xo-Xn-Iƒ

D≠m-h-Xn-\v ˛ D≠m-Ip-∂-Xn-\v

CXp Xm≥ ˛ CXv F∂ A\y-bpsS kmam-\y-

i‡n-bmWv

Icp-sh-∂v ˛ Imc-W-am-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv F∂p

I≠n-tS-Ww ˛ a\- n-em-°n-s°m-≈-Ww.

CXp-hsc ]d™ A\y-bpsS kmam-\yw, hntijw F∂ Xc-Øn-ep-≈ ]h¿Ø-\sØ \Ω-fpsS \nXy-Po-hn-X-Ønse Hcp DZm-l-c-

W-Øn-eqsS Kpcp hy‡-am-°n-Ø-cn-I-bm-Wv. CXp IpSw, CXp ]SwFs∂ms° \mw ]d-bm-dp-≠-t√m. Cu hmIysØ \mw icn-bmbn A]-

K-Yn®p t\m°n-bn-´pt≠m? Hcmƒ \nß-tfmSv ‘ CXv ’F∂ hm°p]d™p \ndpØp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ \ΩpsS D≈n¬ Hcp BImw£ ap‰n-

\n¬°p-∂p-≠m-bn-cn-°pw. AXp tNmZy-ambn ]pd-Øp-h-cpw. \mwtNmZn°pw ‘ CXv F¥mWv?’ F∂v. CXv F∂ kmam-\y-⁄m-\-Øn¬

FÆ-a‰ hnti-j-⁄m-\ßƒ D≈-S-ßn-bn-cn-°p-∂p-≠v.

CXp IpS-am-Imw. CXp aT-am-Imw, CXp ]S-am-Imw, CXp ]p√m-Imw, CXp ae-bmImw...... Cßs\ CXv F∂ kmam-\y-Øn¬\n∂v FÆ-

a‰ hnti-j-⁄m-\-ßƒ D≠m-Ip-∂p. CXv F∂ kmam-\y-t_m[w CutemI-Ønse kI-e-hn[ \ma-cq-]-ß-tfbpw K¿`w [cn-®ph®ncn-°p-

∂p-≠v. At∏mƒ CXv F∂p ]d-bp-∂Xv k¿∆-Øn\pw P∑w sImSp-°p∂ P\-\n-bm-Wv. a\- v, _p≤n, NnØw, Al-¶mcw Cu A¥-°-c-

W-hr-Øn-Iƒ s°√mw Icp-hm-bn-cn-°p-∂Xpw CXm-Wv. C°mcyw hfsckq£va-X-tbm-Sp-IqSn a\- n-em-t°≠ H∂m-Wv.

42‘CZ-a-dn’-sh-∂-Xn-em-Zy-am-‘an-sX’ -∂p˛

≈Xp ka, Xs‚ hnti-j-amWp t_m[w

aXn apX-em-b-h-sbms° amdn ta¬ kZv˛

KXn hcp-hm-\n-Xn-s\- -Pn-®n-tSWwCZw Adnhv F∂-Xn¬ ˛ CXv Adn-hmWv F∂ hmIy-Øn¬

BZy-amw ˛ CZw F∂-Xp-sIm-≠¿∞-am-°p-∂Xv

ka ˛ ka-bpsS kmam-\y-i-‡n-sbbmWv

Xs‚ ˛ kmam-\y-i-‡n-bmb ka-bpsS

hnti-j-amWv ˛ hnti-j-⁄m-\-amWv

t_m[w ˛ Adnhv F∂p-f-f-Xv.

aXn-ap-X-em-b-h-sbms° ˛ A¥°c-WhrØn-I-sfms°

amdn ˛ C√m-Xmbn

ta¬ ˛ F√m-‰n\pw D]-cnbp≈

kZvKXn hcp-hm≥ ˛ kXy-\njvT hcp-hm≥

CXns\ ˛ ka-bpsS kmam-\y-amb Adn-hns\

`Pn-®n-tS-Ww ˛ CS-hn-SmsX [ym\n°-Ww.

Cu t«mI-Øn¬ ka F∂ Adn-hns‚ i‡nsb DZm-l-c-W-k-lnXw hni-Zo-I-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. ‘CXv Adnhv’ F∂ hmIy-Øn¬ CXv F∂kmam-\yhpw Adnhv F∂ hnti-jhpw ]ISo- -hn-®n- p-≠v. Ign™ DZm-l-c-W-sØ-t∏mse s]s´∂p a\- n-em-°m≥ Ign-bp∂ Hcp DZm-l-c-W-a√ CXv. ImcWw [ym\m-fl-I-amb a\- p-sIm≠p amXta Cu hmIy-Øns‚ A¿∞sØ AXns‚ kv]jvS-amb A¿∞-Øn¬ Kln-°p-hm≥Ign-bp-I-bp-≈q.

H∂mbn Adn-bp-∂-XmWv ka. Aß-s\-bm-sW-¶n¬ ChnsS ]d-bp∂ Adnhv Ht∂-bp-≈q. Rms\mcp hkvXp-hns\ ImWp∂p, Hcpi_vZsØ tIƒ°p∂p, Hcp ]tXyI aWsØ Lm-Wn-°p-∂p, ckwcpNn-°p-∂p, kv]¿iw kv]¿in-°p∂p, Ch-sbms° Adn-hp-I-fm-Wv.Rm≥ Hcp tdm-km-]qhns\ ImWp∂p F∂ hmIy-Øn¬ Rm≥ ImWp-∂-h≥, ImWs∏Sp∂ hkvXp-hmb tdmkm-]pjv]w, Fs∂bpw tdmkm-]p-jv]-tØbpw tN¿°p∂ ImW¬- F∂ ]Inb ˛ CXbpw Imcy-ßsf hyh-t—-Zn®dn-bp-hm≥ Ign-b-Ww. At∏mƒ ImW¬, tIƒ°¬,

kv]¿in-°¬, cpNn°¬, Nn¥n-°¬ CsX√mw Adn-hm-Wv.

CXnse Adn-hns\ amXw \Ωƒ GI-ambn Adn-b-Ww. Htc-sbmcpAdn-hmWv ImgvN-bmbpw kv]¿i-ambpw Hs° hcp-∂-Xv. Adn-hns‚

sFIysØ hnti-jn-∏n-s®-SpØv a\- n-em-°m≥ Ign-bp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬_p≤n-bn¬ kw`-hn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂ `am-fl-IX ]mtS t]mbvt]m-

Ipw. kØm-bn-cn-°p∂ Adn-hn¬ \njvT ssIh-cpw. AXp-sIm≠vFt∏mgpw F¥-dn-bp-tºmgpw CX-dnhv...CX-dn-hv...CX-dnhv... F∂v `Pn-

®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°-Ww. F√mw Adnhp amXw. Adn-hn¬ \n∂-\y-ambnH∂p-an-√. At∏mƒ \ap°pw kZvKXn hcpw.

43]IrXn ]nSn®p Npg-‰nSpw ]Imcw

kpIr-Xn-Iƒt]mepatlm! Npg-∂n-Sp-∂p!

hnIrXn hnSp-∂-Xn-\mbn the sNbvho˛

eIrXn êm-K-l-a-‰-dn-™n-tS-Ww.

]IrXn ˛ ]Ir-Xn-bpsS

]nSn-®pNpg-‰nSpw ]Imcw˛ i‡-amb Npgn-bn¬s]´p Itc-dm-

\m-ImsX

kpIr-Xn-Iƒt]mepw ˛ Nne k∑m¿§-k-©m-cn-Iƒt]mepw

Atlm! Npg-∂n-Sp-∂p! ˛ \neIn´msX \´wXncn-bp∂p.

B›-cyw-Xs∂!

hnIrXn hnSp-∂-Xn-\mbv ˛ I¿Ω-_‘w hn´p-In-´p-∂-Xn-\mbn

the sNbvhoe AIrXn˛ \njvIn-b-\m-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv Xtam-

Kp-W-h¿≤n-\n-bmb AIr-Xn-bm-Wv.

êm-K-l-a‰v ˛ hnln-X-I¿Ω-ßƒ ^te-—-Iq-

SmsX sNøpIbpw

Adn-™n-tSWw ˛ km£n-cq-]-Øn¬ h¿Øn-

°pIbpw thWw.

]Ir-Xnsb \Ωƒ kwkm-c-`m-j-bn¬ ]d-bm-dp-≈ A¿∞-Øn-

e√ ChnsS a\- n-em-t°-≠-Xv. ]m]-©n-I-k-Ø-bn¬ \S-°p∂ F√m

Inb-I-fp-tSbpw Np°m≥ ]nSn-°p-∂Xv ]Ir-Xn-bm-Wv. AsXmcp \nb-

a-amWv. B \nb-asØ ewLn-°p-hm≥ Ignbp-I-bn-√. ewLn-®m¬ Cc-

ń-i-‡n-tbmsS AXp Xncn-®-Sn-°pw. Cu ]IrXn Hmtcm Pohn-bnepw

hyXy-kvX-am-sW-¶nepw F√m-‰n-t\bpw Hcp hyh-ÿ-bn¬ sIm≠p-h-

cp∂ A\p-c-W-\m-fl-IX ]Ir-Xn-bn¬ BIth \nd-™n-cn-°p-∂p-≠v.

AXns\ [¿Ωw F∂mWv hnfn-°p-∂-Xv. ]Ir-Xn-bn¬ Xs∂-bp-≈ c≠p-

X-cw ]nSn-h-en-I-fp-≠v. H∂v NnX-dn-sØ-dn-®p-t]m-Ip∂ i‡n. B i-

‡n-bp-ambn XmZm-fly-s∏´v a\p-jy-\-S-°-ap-ff F√m Pohn-Ifpw he-

bp-I-bmWv sNøp-∂-Xv. F∂m¬ [¿Ω-Øns‚ am¿§-Øn-eqsS [¿Ωn-

sb Adn-™psIm-≠p≈ GIm-fl-I-amb Hcp bm\-ap-≠v. AXp Pohn-

XsØ DZm-Øo-I-cn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. B hgn-b-neqsS k©cn-°p-tºmgpw

ho≠pw \sΩ OnZ-i-‡n-Iƒ Bt«-jn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°pw. AXns\

hnIrXn F∂mWv ]d-bp-∂-Xv. hnIr-Xn-bpsS ]nSn-bn¬s]- m¬ AXn¬\n-

∂pw Ducn-t∏m-cm≥ \njvIn-b-Xztam Ae-k-Xtbm Ah-ew-_n-°p-I-b√

th≠-Xv.

Nne¿°v Fs¥-¶nepw ZpxJ-ap-≠m-hp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ Ah¿ ivaim-

\-ssh-cm-Kn-I-sf-t∏mse H∂pw sNømsX Hcn-SØp NS-™p-IqSn Ccn-

°p-∂Xp ImWmw. Ah-cpsS ZpxJw \njvIn-bXzw ]men-®-Xp-sIm≠v

Xocp-∂n-√. imco-cn-I-am-bp-≈ \njvIn-bXzw Ds≠-¶nepw am\-kn-I-ambn

Ah¿°v hnIr-Xn-bn¬\n∂pw hn´p-t]m-cm≥ Ignbmdn-√. H∂pw sNøm-

Xn-cn°p-∂Xv AIr-Xn-bm-Wv. hfsc ^e-h-Ømb Hcp am¿§w Kpcp D]-

tZ-in-®p-X-cp-∂p. ]Ir-Xn-bnse \nb-a-ßƒ F√m Pohn-Ifpw A\p-k-

‘m\w sNø-Ww. AXn¬\n-∂pw Hgn™p-am-dm≥ Ign-bp-I-bn-√. Zmln-

°p-∂-h≥ sh≈w IpSn-°-Ww. hni-°p-∂-h≥ A∂w Ign-°-Ww.

CsX√mw Bh-iy-ß-fmWv. Pohn-°p∂ Pohn-Iƒs°√mw Cu Bh-iy-

ßƒ \nd-th-dp-Ibpw thWw. AXn-\p-th≠n I¿Ωw sNø-Ww. I¿Ω-

ßƒ Rm≥ sNøp∂p F∂ `mhw ]mSn-√. I¿Ω-ß-sf√mw ]Ir-Xn-bp-

tS-Xm-Wv. Rm\mWv I¿Ωw sNøp-∂-sX∂p mhn-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ I¿Ω-

ß-fpsS ^e-Øn¬ F\n°v BImw-£bpw kwKhpw D≠m-Ipw. AXp

_‘-\-am-Wv. AXp-sIm-≠mWv kpIr-Xn-Iƒt]mepw _‘-\-Øn\v ASn-

s∏-Sp-∂-Xv.

\√ I¿Ω-ßƒ sNøp-∂-h-cmWv kpIr-Xn-Iƒ. hoSn-√mØ Hcmƒ°vhoSp-≠m-°n-s°m-Sp-°p-∂Xv Hcp \∑-bm-Wv. ]t£ ‘Rm≥ hoSp-≠m°nsImSp-Øp’ F∂ Nn¥ \sΩ Al-¶m-c-cq-]-Øn¬ _‘n-°pw. AXp-sIm≠v ]Ir-Xn-bn¬\n∂pw tamNn-Xcm-Im≥ BK-ln-°p-∂-h¿ \√

I¿Ω-ß-fpsS I¿Xr-Xz-Øn¬\n∂pw NoØ I¿Ω-ß-fpsS I¿Xr-Xz-Øn¬\n∂pw tamNn-X-cm-I-Ww. F∂n´p te-—-bn-√msX I¿Ωw sNø-

Ww. At∏mƒ I¿Ωw sNøpI F∂p-t]mepw ]d-bm≥ Ign-bp-I-bn-√.]Ir-Xn-bpsS I¿Ωw AXns‚ hgn°p \S-°p-∂p. \mw AXn-s\√mw

km£n-bm-bn-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. AXmWp Pohn-X-Øn\p ap‡n\¬Ip-∂ -H-tc-sbmcp ]In-b.

44]e-a-X-km-c-hp-ta-I-sa∂p ]mcm˛

Xpe-In-sem-cm-\-bn-e-‘-sc-∂-t]mse

]e-hn-[-bp‡n ]d™p ]ma-c-∑m˛

ce-hXp I≠-e-bm-X-a¿∂n-tS-Ww.

]e-a-X-km-chpw ˛ ]eXmb- hyh-ÿm-]nXa-X-ß-fp-

sSsb√mw kmcw

GIw ˛ H∂p-X-s∂-bmWv.

F∂v ]mcmsX ˛ CXp a\- n-em-°msX

De-In¬ ˛ temI-Øn¬

Hcm-\-bn¬ ˛ Hcp B\sb∏‰n

A‘-sc-∂-t]mse ˛ A‘-∑m¿ X¿°n-°p-∂-Xp-t]mse-

]e-hn-[-bp‡n ]d™v ˛ ]e-am-Xn-cn-bp-ff hmZ-ßƒ D∂-bn®v

]ma-c-∑m¿ ˛ Adn-hn-√mØ P\w

Ae-hXp I≠v ˛ e£y-t_m-[-an-√msX Np‰n-Øn-cn-

bp-∂-Xp-I-≠v

Ae-bmsX ˛ \mw Ah-sc-t∏mse Ae-bmsX

Aa¿∂n-tSWw ˛ Bfl-t_m-[-Øns‚ A`n-]m-b-`n-

∂-X-bn-√mØ hy‡-X-bn¬ \ne-

sIm-≠n- tS-Ww.

FX-sbX aX-ß-fmWv Cu `qap-J-Øp-≈-Xv. t]sc-SpØp ]d-bm-hp∂ ]kn-≤-amb aX-hn- m-K-ßƒ InkvXp-a-Xw, C…mw-a-Xw, lnµp-a-Xw, PqX-a-Xw, _p≤-a-Xw, ssP\-a-Xw, kn°p-a-Xw, jnt‚m-a-Xw, Xmthm-a-Xw, I¨^yq-jnb≥ aXw, ]m¿kn-aXw Ch-sb-√m-am-Wv. Ch IqSm-sX-Xs∂ [mcmfw Ahm-¥-c-a-X-hn`m-K-ß-fp-≠v. Cu aX-ß-sfms°F¥n-\p-th-≠n-bmWv ChnsS kwÿm-]n-X-am-bn-´p-f-f-Xv? F√m aX-ßfpw apt∂m´p hbv°p∂ e£yw H∂pXs∂-bm-Wv. Cuiz-c≥ Ht∂-bp-≈q As√-¶n¬ kXyw Ht∂-b≈q F∂v F√m-hcpw ]d-bp-∂p.AtXm-sSm-∏w-Xs∂ aX-Øns‚ N´°qSp-Iƒ°pw A\p-jvTm-\-ßƒ°pwBNm-c-ßƒ°pw ]Xy£-Øn-ep-ff hyXym-k-ßƒ I≠p-t]m-cp-∂p-ap≠v. AXp-sIm≠v kmam-\y-P\w A¶-em-∏n-em-bn-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. AXpXo¿°m-\mWv Kpcp ChnsS ]d-bp-∂-Xv, ]e-a-X-km-chpw GIw F∂v.F√m aX-ß-fptSbpw kmcw H∂msW-∂v .

GsXmcp e£y-Øn-te-°mtWm aXw Du∂p-∂-Xv, B e£yw H∂p-X-s∂-bm-Wv. AXmWv aX-Øns‚ kmcw. F√m \Zn-Ifpw IS-en¬X-s∂-bmWv sN∂ptNcp-∂-Xv. GXp hgn-I-fn-eqsS k©-cn-®mepw Ah-km\w Cuiz-c-\n¬Xs∂ \Ωƒ ebn-°pw. ]t£, a\p-jy¿ CX-dn-bm-dn-√. B\sb ImWm≥t]mb Ipcp-S-∑m-sc-t∏m-se-bmWv Chn-sS-bp-≈ Bfp-Iƒ kwkm-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Hcp Ipcp-S≥ ]d-bp-∂p, B\ Nqep-t]m-se-bm-sW-∂v. thsdmcp Ipcp-S≥ ]d-bp-∂p, B\ ]\-¥-Sn-t]mse-bm-sW-∂v. C\n-sbmcp Ipcp-S≥ ]d-bp-∂p, B\ apdw-t]m-se-bm-sW-∂v. Ipcp-S\v B\sb ImWm≥ Ign-bn-√-t√m? Ah¿ B\-bpsS HmtcmAh-b-h-sØ-bmWv ]nSn-®p-t\m-°nb-Xv. Ah¿ FØn-t®¿∂ \nK-a-\-sØ-bmWv Ah¿ ]d-bp-∂-Xv. F∂m¬ B\-sb∂ Pohnsb apgp-h-\mbpw Ah¿°p ImWm≥ Ign-bn-√. AXp-sIm≠v Hmtcmtcm bp‡n-Iƒ ]d™v Ah¿ X¿°n-°p-∂p.

aX-ß-fpsS Imcy-Ønepw Cu amXncn X¿°-ßƒ \S-°p-∂Xv\Ωƒ tI´p-t]m-cm-dp-≈-Xm-Wv. Bbncw h¿j-an-cp∂p X¿°n-®mepwHcp ]cn-lm-chpw Cu Xm¿°n-I-∑m¿°n-S-bn¬ D≠m-Ip-hm-≥ t]mIp-∂n-√. \mw AXp-sIm≠v X¿°-sa√mw Ah-km-\n-∏n®v aX-Øns‚ kmcwA¥-cm-flm-hn¬ A\p-`-hn-®-dn-b-Ww. At∏mƒ AXp im¥n-bm-Wv....AXv kam-[m-\-am-Wv... AXp ]q¿Æ-X-bm-Wv...-AXv kvt\l-am-Wv... AXvB\-µ-am-Wv.... AXv kzmX-¥y-am-Wv... AXp kmtlm-Z-cy-am-Wv....

45Hcp aX-a-\y\p \nµy-sam-∂n-temXpw

Icp-h-]-cs‚ IW-°n-\q-\-amIpw

[c-bn-enXns‚ cl-ky-sam-∂p-Xm-s\˛

∂dn-h-fhpw à-sa-∂-dn-™n-tS-Ww.

Hcp aXw A\y\p\nµyw ˛ Hcp aX-hn-izm-kn°v thsdmcp aX

hnizm-ksØ \nµy-ambn tXm∂p-∂p.

H∂n-temXpw Icp ˛ Hcp aX-Øn¬ ]dbp∂ kXyw

A]-cs‚ IW-°n\v ˛ as‰mcp aX-hn-izm-kn-bpsS ho£-

W-Øn¬

Du\-amIpw ˛ hnI-e-am-Wv.

[c-bn¬ ˛ temI-Øn¬

CXns‚ clkyw ˛ aX-ß-fp-sS-sb√mw kmc-am-bn-cn-

°p∂ clkyw

H∂p-Xm≥ ˛ H∂p-X-s∂-bm-Wv.

F∂ Adn-h-fhpw ˛ C°mcyw Adn-bp-∂-Xp-hsc,

àw ˛ kzaX-hn-izmkhpw CX-c-a-X-\n-µbpw

shdpw NnØ-àw amX-am-bn-cn-°pw.

F∂v Adn-™n-tSWw ˛ CXn-¬ t_m[-hm-\m-bn-cn-°-Ww.

F√m aX-ß-fp-tSbpw kmcw GI-am-sW-∂mWv Kpcp apt∂m- p-h-

bv°p∂ aX-Z¿i-\-Øns‚ A¥- m-cw. CXp ]d-bp-tºmgpw ChnsS \ne-

hn-en-cn-°p∂ aX-hy-h-lm-c-ßsf Kpcp IW-°n-se-Sp-°m-Xn-cn-°p-∂n-√.

Hcp aX-hn-izm-kn°v thsdmcp aX-hn-izm-knsb ]p—-am-Wv. Xs‚ hnizm-

k-amWv icn, A]-cs‚ hnizmkw sX‰mWv Fs∂mcp [mc-W-bmWv

F√m aX-I-e-l-ßƒ°pw bp≤-ßƒ°pw Imc-W-am-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. thsdm-

cp-hs‚ aX-hnizm-k-Øn¬ Ak-ln-jvWpX ]pe¿Øp∂ at\m- mhw

Bim-ky-a-√. InkvXp-a-X-Øn¬ kz¿§-ÿ-\mb ]nXm-hn-s\-bmWv

k¿th-iz-c-\mbn ImWp-∂-Xv. C…mw-a-X-Øn¬ A√m-lp-hn-t\bpw PqX-

a-X-Øn¬ btlm-h-tbbpw ]c-tam∂-X-\mb \mY-\mbn ]Io¿Øn-°p-

∂p. `mc-X-Øn¬ inh-t\bpw hnjvWp-hn-t\bpw tZhn-tbbpw ]qPn-°p-

∂ aX-hn-izmkßfp≠v. Ch¿°v ]c-kv]cw tN¿∂p Pohn-°m≥ Ft¥m

Hcp ]bm-kw-t]m-se-bmWv. C…mw-a-X-°m-c≥ akvPn-Zn¬t]mbn \nkvI-

cn-°p-∂p. InkvXym\n ]≈n-bn¬ t]mbn Ip¿_m\ ssIs°m≈p-∂p.

lnµp t£X-Øn¬ t]mbn ]m¿∞n-°p-Ibpw ]qP-Iƒ \S-Øp-Ibpw

sNøp-∂p.

Cu _mly-amb Pohn-X-I-asØ aXambn sX‰n-≤-cn-®p-t]m-cp∂

Hcp P\X hfsc Ak-ln-jvWp-Xm-]q¿∆w CX-c-a-X-ÿs‚ Pohn-X-

I-a-ß-tfmSv ]Xn-I-cn-°p∂ ImgvN-bmWv \mw ChnsS ImWp-∂-Xv.

Cu t«mI-Øn¬ a\p-jy-a-\- ns‚ B kz`m-hsØ FSp-Øp-Im-Wn-°p-I-bmWv Kpcp sNøp-∂-Xv. aX-ß-fp-sS-sb√mw kmcw H∂-msW∂

clkyw Adn-bp-∂-Xp-hsc a\p-jy≥ Im´n-°q-´p∂ Cu tIm]m-b-ß-sf√mw shdpw `m¥m-sW∂v Xncn-®-dn-tb-≠-Xm-bn-´p-≠v. aX-c-lkyw

Adn-bp∂ Hcmƒ Hcp kjvSm-hns‚ F√m krjvSn-I-tfbpw ka-`m-h-\-tbmsS ImWpw. kvt\l-tØm-tSbpw lrZ-bm-\p-`mh-tØm-tSbpw

s]cp-am-dpw.

46s]mcpXp Pbn-∏-X-km-≤y-sam-∂n-t\m-sSm˛

s∂mcp aXhpw s]mcp-Xm-sem-Sp-ßp-hoe

]c-a-X--hmZn-bn-tXm¿Øn-SmsX ]mtg

s]mcp-Xp- s]m-en-™n-Sp-sa∂ _p≤n-th-Ww.

s]mcpXp Pbn-∏Xv ˛ bp≤-Øn-eqsS A\y-a-XsØ

tXmev]n-°m-sa-∂p-≈Xv

Akm≤yw ˛ Akm-[y-am-Wv.

H∂n-t\m-sSm-∂v ˛ Atßm´pw Ctßm´pw

s]mcp-Xm¬ ˛ s]mcp-Xn-sIm≠v

Hcp aXhpw ˛ Hcp aX-tØbpw

HSp-ßp-ho-e ˛ D∑q-e\w sNøm≥ Ign-bp-Ibn√.

]c-a-X-hmZn ˛ Xs‚ aX-a-√mØ aX-ß-tfm-

sSms° hntZz-j-ap-≈-h≥

CXv Hm¿Øn-SmsX]mtg ˛ CXp a\- n-em-°msX shdptX

s]mcpXp s]men-™nSpw ˛ s]mcpXn Xpe-™p-t]mIpw

F∂ _p≤n thWw ˛ F∂ shfn-hp-≠m-I-Ww.

aXw Pohn-X-Øn¬ kam-[m-\hpw kvt\lhpw shfn-®hpw]I¿∂p-sIm-Sp-t°≠ H∂m-Wv. GIo-I-c-W-Øns‚ hN-\-ß-fmWvaX-Øn-ep-≈-Xv. B hN\w ssZh-Øns‚ GI-XzsØ Dd-∏n-°p-∂XpwtemI-Po-hnXw ssZth-—m-]-Imcw \S-∏n-em-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xm-sW∂pwt_m[y-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂Xpw Bbn-cn-°pw. Cuiz-cs‚ C— ka-kvX-Po-h-Pm-e-ßfneq-tSbpw \nd-th-d-s∏-Sp-tºmƒ qan-bn¬ kam-[m\w kzm`m-hn-I-ambn h∂-W-bpw. F∂m¬ a\p-jy≥ ssZth-—sb \nd-th-dm≥kΩ-Xn-°m-dn-√. Ah≥ Ah-t‚-Xm-bn-´p-≈ kzm¿∞-amb e£y-ßfpwImgvN-∏m-Sp-Ifpw sa\-s™-SpØv AXn-eqsS Ahs‚ Hcp km¶ev]n-I-temIw krjvSn-°m≥ ian-°p-∂p. Aß-s\-bmWv \ne-\n¬°p∂bmYm-ÿn-Xn-I-a-X-ß-fnepw ]nSn-hm-in-Ifpw imTy-ßfpw Ib-dn-°q-Sm≥CS-bm-b-Xv. amX-a-√, aXm-\p-bm-bn-I-fpsS FÆw h¿≤n-°p-∂-Xn-\-\p-k-cn®v aX-Øns‚ i‡n h¿≤n-°p-sa-∂p-≈ sX‰mb Hcp [mcWkaq-l-a-\- n-ep-≠v. Aß-s\-bmWv aX-ßƒ kwLSn-X-am-Im≥ XpS-ßn-b-Xv.

kwL-Sn-X-aXw `qan-bn¬ A[n-Im-c-Øn\pw A[o-i-Xz-Øn\pwth≠n CX-c-a-X-ÿsc ]mtS D∑q-e\w sNøm≥ ian-®n-´p-≈Xpwian-°p-∂-Xp-amb NcnXw \ap°p ]cn-Nn-X-am-Wv. bqtdm-∏n¬D≠mb Ipcn-ip-bp-≤-ßfpw Z£n-tW-¥y-bn¬ ssihcpw sshjvW-hcpw XΩn-ep≈ t]mcm-´-ßfpw aX-Øns‚ AI-tam-’p-I-a-t\m-`m-hsØ shfn-hm-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. CX-c-a-Xm-\p-bm-bn-Isf sIm√p-∂-Xn-eqsS Xß-fpsS aX-Øn\p Pbn°mw F∂p-≈-Xn¬ aX-Øns‚XØz-Øn\v \nc-°mØ Hcp sshcp-≤y≠v.

ssZhw kvt\l-am-sW∂p ]d-bp-Ibpw, B kvt\lsØ \ntj-[n-°p∂ bp≤-ß-fn¬ aXw G¿s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøp-∂Xv aqey-h-ØmbPohnXw \bn-°m-\m-K-ln-°p∂ a\p-jy¿°v kwL-Sn-X-a-X-ß-tfmSp-Xs∂ ]p—w tXm∂p-hm≥ CS-bm-°n-bn-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. bYm¿∞-aXwkwL-Sn-Xtam hyh-ÿm-]n-Xtam A√. AXv a\p-jy\pw ssZhhpwXΩn-ep-ff ]W-bm-\zn-X-amb Pohn-X-am-Wv. AhnsS A\p-`-h-km-µ-na-bpsS Hcp sFIyap≠v. B sFIyw ]c-am-ÀmZ-I-c-am-Wv. CsXm∂pwAdn-bmsX ]c-kv]cw a√-Sn®p Nmhp∂ sXcp-hp-\m-bv°sf-t∏mse aXm-\p-bm-bn-Ifpw aX-h-‡m-°fpw Cu temI-Øn¬ s]cp-am-dp-∂Xv GsdIjvS-amWv! Aev]w Dƒsh-fn-®-ap≈-h¿ Cß-s\-bp-≈ t]mc-Sn-°p∂ aX-

KXo-b-Xsb t]m’m-ln-∏n-°p-I-bn-√.

47Hcp aX-am-Ip-h-Xn-∂p-c-∏-sX-√m˛

hcp-anXp hmZn-I-fm-cp-tam¿°p-hoe

]c-a-X-hm-Z-sam-gn™ ]WvUn-X-∑m˛

cdn-bp-an-Xns‚ cl-ky-an-ß-ti-jw.

Hcp aX-am-Ip-h-Xn∂v ˛ ChnsS Hcp aXw amXta th≠q.

F√m-hcpw ˛ F√m aX-ß-fnse Bfp-Ifpw

Dc-∏-Xv CXv ˛ CXmWv ]d-bp-∂Xv

CXv ˛ B aXw Xß-fpsS aX-am-bn-cn-

°Ww F∂p-ff hmZw

hmZn-I-fmcpw ˛ aX-hm-Zn-I-fm-cpw-Xs∂

Hm¿°p-hoe ˛ Hm¿°p-∂-tX-bn-√.

]c-a-X-hm-Z-sam-gn-™ ˛ a‰p aX-ßƒs°-Xnsc hmZ-hn-hm-Z-

ß-sfm∂pw C√mØ

]WvUn-X-∑m¿ ˛ ⁄m\n-Iƒ

CXns‚ clkyw ˛ aX-hm-Z-ß-fpsS ]n∂nse A¥ m-c

- hn-lo-\-X-bpsS anYymXzw

Cßv Ati-jw ˛ ChnsS ]q¿Æ-ambn

Adnbpw ˛ Adn-bp-∂p.

‘temI-Øn¬ Htc-sbmcp aXw D≠m-I-Ww. At∏mƒ Ie-l-ß-

sf√mw Xocpw.’ CXp ]d-bp-∂-hsc kq£n-°-Ww. Ah-cpsS a\- n-en-cn∏v XßfpsS aX-am-bn-cn-°Ww B aXw F∂m-Wv. Hcp lnµp-hns‚

BKlw, Xs‚ aX-amWv temI-Øn¬ \ne-\n¬-t°-≠Xv F∂m-Wv.F∂m¬ Hcp InkvXym-\ntbm apk¬amt\m Nn¥n-°p-tºmƒ Ah-

cpsS aX-Øn-\mWv B alna Nm¿Øn-sIm-Sp-°p-∂-Xv. AXp-sIm≠vaX-ku-lm¿±-ßfpw a‰pw, Bfp-Iƒ kwL-Sn-∏n-°p-tºmƒ AXn-

sems° Hfn-™n-cn-°p∂ Iptd \nc¿∞-I-X-I-fp-≠v. kulm¿Zw ]d-bp-∂-h-cmcpwXs∂ Ah-cpsS ]nSn-hm-in-bpsS Dd® NphSv am‰nhbv°m≥

Xøm-d-√. Ah-c-h-cpsS aXw Ah-c-h¿°v ]nb-s∏-´Xv Xs∂-bm-bn-cn-

°p∂p. ]t£, temI-Po-hn-X-Øn¬ a\p-jy¿ ]ckv]cw _‘-s∏´p

Pohn-t°≠nhcp-tºmƒ aX-Po-hn-X-Ønse sshIm-cn-I-X-I-fp-ambn

Adnt™m Adn-bm-sXtbm Dc-k-ep-Iƒ D≠m-Im-dp-≠v. sNdn-sbmcp

Xos∏mcn Bbn-cn°pw BZyw ]I-S-am-hp-I. ]ns∂, AXv Bfn-∏n-Sn-°pw.

`oI-c-amb \c-ta[-ß-fn-te°phsc aX-kw-L¿j-ßƒ FØn-s∏-Sp-∂Xv

\mw Znh-tk\ I≠p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂ \·-k-Xy-ß-fm-Wv. ssZhw GI-

am-sW∂pw Cu ]]-©-Øn-ep-ff F√mw ssZh-kr-jvSn-I-fm-sW∂pw

A¥-cm-flm-hn¬ A\p- -hn-®-dn-bp∂ ⁄m\n-Iƒ aX-hn-tZz-j-an-√msX

am\-h-cm-in-bpsS apgp-h≥ sFIy-tØbpw ]_-e-s∏-Sp-Øp∂ I¿Ω-ß-

fn-eqsS aX-Po-hn-XsØ Bhn-jvI-cn-°m-dp-≠v. Ah-sc-bmWv Kpcp ]WvUn-

X-∑m¿ F∂p hnti-jn-∏n-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Ah¿ ssZhsØ icn-bmbnAdn-

bp-Ibpw AXp shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.

48X\p-hn-e-a¿∂ icocn, Xs‚ kØm˛

X\p-hn-e-sX-s‚-Xn-sX-s‚-sX∂p k¿∆w

X\p-X-sbm-gn™p [cn-®n-Sp∂p km£m˛

e\p- -h-im-en-I-fm-an-tXm¿°n-emcpw.

X\p-hn¬ Aa¿∂ ˛ imco-cn-I-amb kzXz-hp-ambn XmZm-

flys∏´p Ign-™n-cp∂

icocn ˛ Poh≥

Xs‚ ˛ Xs‚

kØm-X-\p-hn¬ ˛ Bfl-k-Ø-bn¬

AsX-t‚Xv ˛ AXpw Ft‚-XmWv

CXv Ft‚Xv ˛ CXpw Ft‚-XmWv

F∂v ˛ F∂nßs\

k¿∆w ˛ F√m-‰n-t\bpw

X\p-X-sbm-gn™v ˛ aa-X-bn-√msX

[cn-®n-Sp∂p ˛ Adn-™n-Sp∂p.

CtXm¿°n¬ ˛ C°mcyw a\- n-em-°n-bm¬

Bcpw ˛ Bcpw

km£m¬ ˛ km£m¬

A\p-`-h-im-en-Ifmw ˛ A\p-`-h-im-en-I-fm-bn-Øo-cp-∂p.

‘Rm≥ ico-c-amWv’ F∂ _p≤n-bmWv \sΩ F√mw _‘n-∏n-

°p∂ Alw-_p-≤n. A⁄m\w \nan-Ø-amWv \Ωn¬ Bfl-t_m[w]Im-in-°m-Xn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. ico-c-Øns‚ ]cn-an-X-amb AkvXn-X-bn¬

Rm≥ Fs∂ a\- n-em-°p-tºmƒ Rm\-√mØ \nc-h[n ico-c-ßƒChn-sS-bp-≠v. Ah-sbm∂pw Rm\-√. F∂m¬ Cu A⁄m-\-

Øn¬\n∂pw \ap°p ]pd-Øp-I-S-°p-hm≥ Cu hniz-Øn-ep-ff kIeNcm-N-c-ß-tfbpw Xs‚ D◊-bn¬ tN¿Ø-dn-bp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ Abmƒ

Bfl⁄m\ nXs∂-bm-Wv. Fs¥-∂m¬ H∂pw-Xs∂ X∂n¬\n∂pwA\y-ambn Abmƒ Adn-bp-∂n-√.

BIm-iØnepw A¥-cn-£Ønepw `qanbnepsa√mw Rm\p-≠v.

Fs¥m-s°-bpt≠m AsX√mw Ft‚-Xm-Wv. Ft‚Xp amX-a√AsX√mw Rm≥ Xs∂-bm-Wv. Cßs\ Hc-dn-hp-≠m-I-W-sa-¶n¬

F∂nse aa-Xm-t_m[w Hgn-™p-t]m-I-Ww. X\pX Hgn-b-Ww. Bflm-\p- -hn-I-fm-Im≥ CX-bpw sNbvXm¬ aXn. F√m-‰n-t\bpw lrZ-b-Øn¬

]p¬Ip-I. At∏mƒ hnizw apgp-h\pw \sΩ Bt«-jn-°pw. Bcpwkm£m¬ A\p-`-h-im-en-IƒX-s∂. Hcn-°¬ Hcp ssl°q Ihn ]`m-

X-k-hm-cn-°n-d-ßn-b-t∏mƒ a™p s]øp-∂p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Ihn-bpsS apf-s¥m∏nbn¬ a™phoWv I\w h®p. At∏mƒ Ihn sXm∏n Ducn

Iøn¬ ]nSn-®p-sIm≠v Hcp Ip™p-I-hnX sNm√n.

When I think of itAs my snow, how light it is

On my bamboo hat.

Fs‚ apfwsXm∏n-bnse lna-h¿jsØ Fs‚ a™p-]m-fnIƒF∂-dn-bp-tºmƒ CXn-s\mcp mc-hp-an-√t√m! CXmWv X\pX Hgn™p

[cn-®n-Sp∂ hgn. F√mw Ft‚-sX∂p Icp-Xp-I. t`Z-_p≤n C√msXF√m-‰nepw kz¥w D◊ Z¿in-°p-I.

49AJn-e-cp-am-fl-kp-J-Øn-\mbv ]b-Xv\w-

k-I-e-hp-anßp kZm]n sNbvXn-Sp-∂p-

P-K-Xn-bn-en-Ω-X-ta-I-sa∂p Nn¥n˛

®L-a-W-bm-X-I-Xm-c-a¿Øn-tS-Ww.

AJn-ecpw ˛ F√m-hcpw

Bfl-kp-J-Øn-\mbv ˛ Bfl-kp-J-Øn-\p-th-≠n-bp-≈

]bXv\w ˛ ]bXv\w

kI-ehpw Cßp˛ F√m-hn-[-Ønepw ChnsS

kZm]n sNbvXn-Sp∂p ˛ Ft∏mgpw sNbvXp-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p.

PK-Xn-bn¬ ˛ temI-Øn¬

CΩXw ˛ Cu aXw

GIw ˛ H∂p-X-s∂-bmWv

F∂p Nn¥n®v ˛ Cu Nn¥sb Du´n-bp-d-∏n®v

AL-a-W-bmsX˛ Zqjy-Nn-¥-I-fn¬ AI-s∏-SmsX

AI-Xm¿ ˛ A¥-cw-KsØ

Aa¿Øn-tSWw ˛ Bflm-hn-e-a¿Øn hbv°Ww.

F√m-hcpw I¿Ωw sNbvXp-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂Xv kpJ-Øn-\p-th-≠n-

bm-Wv. kpJw thW-sa∂ Imcy-Øn¬ Hcp X¿°hpw C√Xs∂! lnµp-

hm-bmepw InkvXym-\n-bm-bmepw apk¬am-\m-bmepw kpJw thWw.

sImSnb ]oU-\-ßfpw bmX-\-Ifpw A\p-`-hn®v Hcp-h\pw Hcp aX-

Ønepw \n¬°p-I-bn-√. Ah≥ kpJ-ap-ff aX-Øn-te°p t]mIpw.

tZim-S-\-]-£n-Iƒ Imem-h-ÿm-t`Zw D≠m-Ip-tºmƒ hnZq-c-ß-fn-te°p

]d-∂p-t]m-Ip-∂-Xp-t]m-se.... -F-¥n-\m-Wh ]d-∂p-t]m-Ip-∂Xv? kpJw

thWw. a\p-jy≥ X¿°-an-√msX H∂n-°p∂ Hcp kXy-am-WnXv. AXp-

sIm≠v \mcm-b-W-Kpcp ]pXnb aXsØ ÿm]n-®n-√. aX-Øns‚ ImX-

emb XØzsØ Gh¿°pw a\- n-em-Ip∂ coXn-bn¬ Fgp-Xn-Ø-cn-I-bmWv

sNbvX-Xv. Aev]-t\cw izmk-X-S w D≠m-bm¬ aXn \Ωƒ hnΩn- s∏Spw.

C¥y-bn¬ amX-a-√, F√m cmjvS-ß-fn-ep-≈ P\-ßfpw kpJm-t\z-jn-

Iƒ Xs∂-bm-Wv. GXp Xc-Øn-ep-≈ kpJ-amWv th≠-Xv? \nXy-amb

kpJw. AXp Is≠-Øp-∂-Xp-hsc AXnepw CXn-ep-sams° s\m´n-

\p-W™v \S-°pw. ]t£ Bfl-kpJw amX-amWv ]q¿Æ-kp-J-am-bn-

cn-°p-∂-Xv. F√m bmX-Ifpw F√m At\z-j-W-ßfpw F√m Ne-\-

ßfpw F√m t]c-W-Ifpw Bflm-hn-te-°p-f-f-Xm-Wv. temI-Øn¬ Cu

aXw As√-¶n¬ A`n-]mbw GI-am-sW∂v a\- n-em-°-Ww. F∂n´v

kzm¿∞-X-sIm≠v Zqjn-X-am-ImsX a\- ns\ Bflm-\-µ-Øn¬ hne-

bn-∏n-°-Ww. At∏mƒ Hcmƒ lnµpthm InkvXym-\ntbm ap…otam

Bbn-cn-°p-I-bn-√. BZy-¥-hn-lo-\-amb kXy-km-K-c-am-Wv, ⁄m\-km-

K-c-am-Wv, B\-µ-km-K-c-am-Wv.

50\ne-samSp \oc-Xp-t]mse Im‰p Xobpw

shfn-bp-a-lw-IrXn hnZybpw a\ pw

Ae-I-fp-am-gn-bp-sa-∂p-th-≠-sb√m˛

hpe-Ip-ap-b¿∂-dn-hmbn amdn-Sp-∂p.

\ne-samSv ˛ `qan- XpSßn

\ocv AXp-t]mse ˛ AXp-t]mse Pew

Im‰v ˛ hmbp

Xobpw ˛ A·n

shfnbpw ˛ BIm-iw-h-sc-bp-ff ]©-`q-X-ßfpw

Alw-IrXn ˛ Alw-Im-chpw

hnZybpw ˛ _p≤nbpw

a\ pw ˛ a\ pw

Ae-Ifpw ˛ Xnc-Ifpw

Bgnbpw ˛ ISepw

F∂p th≠ ˛ F∂p th≠

F√m DeIpw ˛ F√m temIhpw

Db¿∂v ˛ hnIm-kw-]m-]n®v

Adn-hmbn ˛ ]c-am¿∞-m\p`q-Xn-bmbn

amdn-Sp∂p ˛ amdp∂p.

Btflm-]-tZ-i-i-X-I-Øns‚ \Sp-hn¬Xs∂-bn-cn-°p∂ Cu t«mI-

Øn¬ ]⁄-bpsS ]cn-Wm-asØ FSp-Øp-Im-Wn-°p-I-bmWv KpcpsNøp-∂-Xv. ÿqe-Øn¬ A`n-c-an-®n-cp∂ a\p-jy≥ ÿqesØ hn v

kq£va-Øn-te°v ]th-in-°p-∂p. Fs¥-∂m¬ ÿqe-Ønse B\µwXp—hpw ss\an-jn-I-hp-am-Wv F∂-h≥ Xncn-®-dn-bp-∂p. a\p-jys‚ hnth-

tIm-Z-b-Øn-eq-sS-bmWv Cu Xc-Øn-ep--s≈mcp ]cn-Wmaw t_m[-Øn¬kw`hn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. aÆn¬ ]Wn-sb-SpØv aÆn¬\n∂pw In´p-

∂-Xp-amXw Xn∂p Pohn-°p∂ a\p-jy¿ Aev]w-IqSn kq£va`q-X-ambPe-X-ØzsØ Adn-bp-Ibpw Ipd-®p-IqSn kq£va-`q-X-amb A·n-X-

ØzsØ Adn-bp-Ibpw ]ns∂ hmbp-X-ØzsØ Adn-bp-Ibpw ]ns∂k¿∆-hym-]n-bm-bn-cn-°p∂ BIm-i-tØmfw hnI-kn-X-am-bn-Øo-cp-IbpwsNøp-∂p.

Xs‚ kzXzsØ Al-¥m-a-a-Xm-Zn-I-fn¬ \n∂pw hn⁄m-\-ß-fpsSIpg-a-dn-®n-en¬\n∂pw a\- ns‚ \qem-am-e-I-fn¬\n∂pw Hs° hnap-‡-

am-°p-∂p. IS¬X-s∂-bmWv Xnc. sNdpXpw hep-Xp-ambn FÆ-a‰ Xnc-Iƒ IS¬∏-c-∏n¬ B¿Ø-e®v Ifn-t®-°mw. B Xnc-I-fn-se√mw D◊-

bm-bn-cn-°p∂ IS¬ amX-amWv kXy-am-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. \ma-cq-]m-fl-I-ambF√m temI-ßfpw Adn-hns‚ tIh-e-kz-cq-]-X-bn¬ \n∂pw- Dd∂p hcp∂

Aar-Xm-\p- -h-amWv. CXmWv Pohn-X-Øns‚ ]c-tam∂-X-amb Xew.

51Adn-hn-en-cp-s∂m-c-l¥bmZy-ap-≠m-bv˛

hcp-an-Xn-t\m-sSm-cn-Z¥ hma-bmbpw

hcp-anh c≠p-e-]-ßƒt]mse ambm˛

ac-a-Jnew ad-sb-∏-S¿∂n-Sp-∂p.

Adn-hn-en-cp∂v ˛ A[njvTm-\-amb Adn-hn-¬\n∂v

Hcp Al¥ ˛ Hcp Alwt_m[w

BZyw D≠mbv hcpw ˛ BZyw apf-s]m-´pw.

CXn-t\mSv ˛ CXns‚IqsS

Hcp CZ¥ ˛ Hcp ]m]-©n-I-t_m-[hpw

hma-bmbpw hcpw ˛ Al-¥°p ]cn-]q-c-I-ambn D≠m-Ipw.

Ch ˛ Cu Al-¥bpw CZ-¥bpw

c≠p De-]-ßƒt]mse ˛ c≠p h≈n-s®-Sn-Iƒt]mse

ambm-acw ˛ ambm-acw

AJnew adsb ˛ Adn-hns\ ]q¿Æ-ambn ad-®p-

hbv°-Ø-°-h-Æw

]S¿∂n-Sp∂p ˛ ]S¿∂p-]-¥-en-°p∂p

\mw Adn-hm-Wv. Adnhp amX-am-Wv. Adn-h-√msX thsdmcp kØ\ap-°n-√. F∂m¬ C°mcyw \mw ad-∂p-t]m-Ip-∂p. hnkva-c-W-]-In-b°vImc-W-am-tb-°m-hp∂ ambm-X-Øz-Øns‚ kz`m-hsØ ChnsS kpXcmwhy‡-am-°p-∂p. A[n-jvTm-\-am-bn-cn-°p∂ Adn-hmWv kI-e-Xn-t\bpw]k-hn-°p∂ AΩ. FÆn-bm-sem-Sp-ßmØ ]]-©-Pm-e-ßsf ]k-hn-°p-∂-Xn-\p-apºv BZyw-Xs∂ tIh-e-ambncn-°p∂ Adnhv kzbw `n∂n-°p-∂p. BZyw Al-¥-bmWv ]Xy-£-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. Al-¥-bn¬ ⁄mXr-Xzhpw I¿Xr-Xz-hpw t`m‡r-Xzhpw AS-ßn-bn- p-≠v. Pohs‚ Bh-iy-ßsf ]cn-]q-cWw sNøm-\m-bmWv ]]©w hnc-Nn-X-am-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. ]]-©sØ CZ¥ F∂p ]d-bp-∂p.

Al-¥bpw CZ-¥bpw ]c-kv]-cw thgvN-bn¬ G¿s∏-Sp-∂-XmWv hymh-lm-cn-I-X. Cu hyh-lm-c-Øn¬\n∂pw a\ v hf-cm≥ XpS-ßp-∂p. AXv]mXn- m-kn-I-tem-IsØ D≠m-°p-∂p. CtXmsS Adn-hns‚ \ncp-]m-[n-I-]-X-e-Øn¬\n∂pw \mw AS¿∂p-t]m∂p Ign-™p. c≠p sNSn-h-≈nIƒ

h∂v Hcp acsØ ad-bv°p∂Xp-t]m-se-bmWv ChnsS ambm-a-c-Øn-en-cn-°p∂ Al-¥bpw CZ-¥bpw BIp∂ h≈n-Iƒ ⁄m\-kz-cq-]sØ

ad-®psIm≠p Xg-®p-h-f-cp-∂-Xv. Bfl-hn-kva-c-W-Øns‚ aqe-Im-cWwthZn-∏n-°p∂ Cu t«mIw [ym\n-®p-d-∏n-®mte \mcm-b-W-Kp-cp-hns‚

XØzm-h-X-c-W-Øns‚ coXo-hn-[m\w (methodology) \ap°p a\- n-em-°m≥ Ign-bp-I-bp-≈q.

52[z\n-a-b-ambvKK\w Pzen-°p-a-∂m˛

fW-bp-a-Xn-¶-e-ti-j-Zr-iy-Pmew

]p\-c-hnsS Xn]p-Sn°p ]q¿Øn \¬Ipw

kz\-hp-a-S-ßp-anSw kzbw]Imiw!

[z\n-a-b-ambv ˛ ]W-h-[z\n \nd-™p-Xqhn

KK\w ˛ Bflm-Imiw

Pzen°pw ˛ shfn-®-Øns‚ \nd-IS-embn Pzen°pw

A∂mƒ AXn-¶¬ ˛ Cu A\p-`-hm-ar-X-e-l-cn-bn¬

Ati-j-Zr-iy-Pmew ˛ apgp-h≥ \ma-cq-]m-fl-I-]-]-©hpw

AWbpw ˛ sI´p-t]m-Ipw.

]p\¿ AhnsS ˛ ]ns∂ AhnsS

Xn]p-Sn°v ˛ Adnhv aq∂mbn ]ncn-™n-cn-°p∂

Ah-ÿ°v

]q¿Øn-\evIpw ˛ Imc-W-am-tb-°m-hp∂

kz\hpw ˛ i_vZhpw

ASßpw ˛ AS-ßpw.

CSw ˛ B CSw

kzbw ]Imiw ˛ kzbta ]Im-in-°p∂ \ΩpsS

Bflm-Imiw-X-s∂-bm-Wv.

]Xy£-Øn-ep-ff A¿∞w ]d-™m¬ Cu t«mI-Øns‚ apgp-h≥ ckm-\p-`q-Xnbpw s]men-™p-t]m-Ipw. A\p-`q-Xn-k-º-∂-\mb HcptbmKn-bpsS lrZ-b-I-a-e-Øn¬ Dƒt®¿∂n-cn-°p∂ ]W-h-[z-\nsbhm°p-I-fn¬ ]I¿∂p-sIm-Sp-°m≥ Ign-bpIbn√. ImcWw ]WhwkwKo-X-Øns‚ kwKo-X-am-Wv. F∂m¬ B kwKoXw au\-Øn-s‚ au\-am-Wp-Xm-\pw. [z\nsb \Ωƒ i_vZho-Nn-bm-bn- mWv Adn-bp-∂-Xv. B

i_vZw ]pd-ta-bp-≈X-√. Bfl-K-K-\-Øns‚ kmK-c-hn-im-e-X-bn¬Pm÷z-ey-am-\-ambn \nd-™p-Xq-hp-I-bm-Wv. Ccp-fn-a-bpsS Hcp \pdp-ßn-

\p-t]mepw AhnsS ÿm\-an-√. \mw Adn-™Xpw Adnbm-\n-cn-°p-∂-Xp-amb F√m temIm-\p- -h-ßfpw Cu ]obq-j-h¿jm-h-en-bn¬ apßn-t∏m-

Ipw. Rm≥ B\-µn-°p-∂-h-≥ Ft∂m CsX√mw Fs‚ ]nb-hn-j-b-ßƒ Ft∂m ]d-bm≥ AhnsS \mhp s]mßp-I-bn-√. Adnhv ]ncn™v

Xn]p-Sn-IfmIp-∂Xv HSp-ßpw. Xn]p-Sn-Iƒ°v Imc-W-am-bn-cn-°p∂ i_vZw]W-h-km-µ-amb kwKo-X-ambn amdn-bn-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. Bflm-Imiw apgp-

h≥ kzbta sh´n-Øn-f-ßp-∂p. samgn-am-dm-\m-ImØ clkyw amkva-cn-I-amb _nw_m-tbm-P-\-ß-fn-eqsS, A\ym-Zr-i-amb cN-\m-]m-S-h-tØmsS

Kpcp Cu t«mI-Øn¬ ]I¿Øn-h-®n-cn-°p-∂p.

53CXn-se-gp-am-Zn-a-i-‡n-bnßp ImWp˛

∂nXp kIew s]dpamZn-_o-P-am-Ipw

aXn-b-Xn-em°n ad-∂n-SmsX ambm˛

aXn-b-dp-hm≥ a\\w XpS¿∂n-tS-Ww.

CXn-segpw ˛ kzbw-]-Im-in-X-amb Cu Adn-

hn¬\n∂pw Bhn¿`-hn-°p∂

BZn-a-i‡n ˛ BZn-a-amb i‡n

Cßp ImWp∂ ˛ ChnsS \mam-cq-]m-fl-I-ambn

ImWp∂

CXp kIew ˛ CsX-√m-‰n-t\bpw

s]dpw ˛ ]k-hn-°p∂

BZn-_oPw BIpw ˛ BZn-a-amb _oP-am-Wv.

aXn AXn-em°n ˛ _p≤nsb B BZn-a-_o-P-Øn¬

Dd-∏n-®p-\n¿Øn

ad-∂n-SmsX ˛ BZn-a-_o-PsØ ad-°msX

ambm-aXn Adp-hm≥ ˛ amb-sIm≠p h∂p-tN¿∂ `a_p≤n

Ah-km-\n-°p-∂-Xn-\p-th≠n

a\\w XpS-¿∂n-tSWw ˛ XpS¿®-bmbn a\\w sNbvXp-sIm-

≠n-cn-°-Ww.

Adnhv \nt›-jvS-a-√. AXp kzbta ]Im-in-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-

∂p. ]Im-in-°pI F∂m¬ Inbm-fl-I-am-bn-cn-°p∂p F∂m-Wv. InbsNø-W-sa-¶n¬ i‡n thWw. Adn-hn¬X-s∂-bn-cn-°p∂ kl-P-amb

Hcp i‡n-bp-≠v. B i‡n-bpsS BthKw sIm≠mWv ]]-©-Øn-ep-ff F√mw Ncn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn°p-∂-Xv. Cu BZn-a-i-‡nsb ]]-©-

Øns‚ BZn-Im-c-W-ambn mc-Xo-b-Ejn-am¿ FÆn-t∏m-cp-∂p. CXp kI-e-Øn\pw AΩ-bm-Wv. Cu AΩ-bmWv ]]-©sØ ]k-hn-°p-∂-Xv.

kIews]dpw BZn-_oPw F∂mWv Kpcp ]d-bp-∂-Xv. Cu BZn-am-Xm-hn¬ _p≤nsb Dd-∏n-°-Ww. AsXmcp ka¿∏-W-am-Wv. \mcm-b-W-Kp-

cp-hns‚ `‡nZ¿i\w Cß-s\-bm-Wv. AXv BZn-_o-Pm-\p-k-‘m-\-am-Wv. \mw ChnsS Im´n-°q-´p-∂-Xp-t]m-se-bp≈ ‡n-b√ AXv. BZn-P-

\-\nsb Hcp \nizm-k-Øn¬t]mepw ad-°msX Hm¿-Øn-cn-°p∂ `‡n-bm-W-Xv.

Hm¿°p-∂Xv Hcp hnj-b-sØ-b-√. hnj-bm-[n-jvTm-\-sØ-bm-Wv.

an°-hmdpw \Ω-fnsems° At_m-[-Øns‚ Ccp≠ X≈n-®-bn¬ Bfl-hn-kva-c-W-Øn\p CShcm-dp-≠v. At∏msgm s° t_m[-]q¿∆w Bfl-

kvarXnsb XncnsI ÿm]n-°-Ww. \ΩpsS _p≤n ambm-tam-l-ßƒ°vFfp∏w hi-K-am-Ip-∂-Xm-Wv. FX-amXw ss\c-¥-cy-tØm-Sp-IqSn a\\w

sNbvXm-emWv kI-ew-s]dpw BZn-_o-P-Øn¬ _p≤nsb sacp-°n-

\ndpØm≥ Ign-bp-∂-Xv! AXp-sIm≠v a\\w XpS¿∂p-sIm-≈-Ww.

54DW-cp-a-h-ÿ-bp-d-°n-en-√p-d°w

]p\-cp-W-cp-sºm-gpXpw kv^pcn-°p-hoe

A\p-Zn-\-an-ß-s\- c-≠p-am-Zn-am-bm˛

h\n-X-bn¬\n∂p ]pd∂p amdn-Sp-∂p.

DWcpw Ahÿ ˛ DW¿∂n-cn-°p∂ Ahÿ

Dd-°n¬ C√ ˛ Dd-°-Øn¬ C√.

Dd°w ˛ Dd-ßp∂ Ahÿ

]p\¿ DW-cp-sºm-gpXpw ˛ ho≠pw DW-cp-tºmgpw

kv^pcn-°p-hoe ˛ D≠m-Ip-∂n-√.

A\p-Zn\w ˛ Hmtcm-Zn-h-khpw

Cßs\ c≠pw ˛ Cu c≠-h-ÿ-I-fpw

BZn-am-bm-h-\n-X-bn¬\n∂v˛ BZn-am-b- B-Ip∂ h\n-X-bn¬\n∂v

]pd∂p ˛ ]nd∂v

amdn-Sp∂p ˛ sshcp-≤y-ap-≈Xm-bn Xo¿∂n-Sp-∂p.

F¥mWv Dd°w? F¥mWv DW¿∆v? B¿°pw s]s´-s∂mcp\n¿hN\w sImSp-°m≥ Ign-bp-∂n-√. F∂m¬ Kpcp Cu ]tl-fn-I-bn-te°v hy‡-amb Hcp Dƒ°mgvN \¬Ip-∂p-≠v. Bcpw-Xs∂ Dd-ßm-Ø-h-cm-bn-ń-√. Dd-°-Øn¬ F¥mWv A\p-`hw? H∂pw Adn-bp-∂n√ F∂-XmWv A\p-`-hw. H∂pw Adn-bp-∂n-s√-¶nepw Dd-ßp-∂-h-\n¬ kpJ-ap-≠v. kpJ-an-s√-¶n¬ B¿°pw Dd-ßm≥ tXm∂p-I-bn-√. Dd-°-Øn¬ temIm-\p-`-h-ß-fpsS A`mhw Ds≠-¶nepwBflm-hns‚ kzcq-]-amb B\µw At∏mƒ ]Im-in-°p-∂p-≠v.F∂m¬ Adn-bp-∂h-s\∂ ‘Rm≥ ’GtXm Hcp IdpØ aqSp-]-S-Øn-\p-≈n¬ AI-s∏-ń-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. AXp-sIm≠v DW¿s∂-Wo-°p-∂-Xp-hsc Rm≥ Bfl-kpJw A\p-`-hn-°p∂p F∂v F\n-°-dn-bm\pw Ign-bp-I-bn-√, ]d-bm\pw Ign-bp-I-bn-√.

DW¿s∂-Wo-‰m¬ Cµn-bhpw a\ pw ]h¿Ø-\-\n-c-X-am-hpw.At∏mƒ D≈n-ep-≠m-bn-cp∂ Ccp-fn-a-sb√mw am™p-t]m-Ipw. hkvXp-°-tfbpw hkvXp-X-I-tf-bpw kv]¿in®pw LmWn®pw Nn¥n-®p-sams°Adn-bm≥ XpS-ßpw. DW¿∂n-cn-°p-tºmƒ ico-c-Øns‚ hni∏pwZmlhpw a\- ns‚ Pn⁄m-kbpw Hs° ian-∏n-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°-Ww.]]-©m-\p-`hw F∂p ]d-bp-∂Xv Cu c≠p [ph-ßƒ°n-S-bn-em-Wv. Ccp-ń\pw shfn-®-Øn\pw CS-bn-emWv FÆ-a‰ cq]-ß-tfm-Sp-Iq-Snb Cu ]]©w \Ω-fn¬ A¤p-XsØ Na-®p-h-bv°p-∂-Xv. HcpNnX-Im-cs‚ Im≥hm-kn¬ Idp-∏n\pw shfp-∏n\pw CS-bn¬ hcp∂

]e-]e h¿Æ-ß-fpsS tNcp-h-IƒsIm≠mWv NnX-Im-c≥ amkva-cn-I-amb Hcp NnXsØ hc-®p-h-bv°p-∂-Xv.

Cu c≠-h-ÿ-I-fn-te°v t_m[w hoWpw Db¿∂pw amdn-a-dn-™p-

sIm-≠n-cn-°p-tºmƒ Pohn-X-Øn¬ kpJhpw ZpxJhpw as‰√m sshIm-cn-I-X-Ifpw H∂n\p ]ndsI H∂mbn h∂p-sIm-≠n-cn-°pw. Hcp ambm-h-

\n-X-bn¬\n-∂mWv A\p-Zn-\-sa-t∂mWw Ccpfpw shfn-®hpw amdn-amdnP\n-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. F∂m¬ Adn-hns‚ tIh-e-kz-cq-]-Øn¬

\n∂p-sIm≠v Dd-°-Øn-t\bpw DW¿hn-t\bpw t\m°n-°m-Wm≥Ign-bp∂ Hcp ]q¿Æ-Pm-K-cn-Xw (total awakening) kw`-hn-°p∂Xp-

hsc \Ω-fpsS kXy-Pn-⁄m-ksb D]-i-an-∏n-°m≥ ]mSn-√.

55s\Snb-In-\m-hnXp \nZ-t]mse \nXyw

sISp-an-Xp-t]mse In\m-hp-an-]-Imcw

sISp-aXn ImWp-I-bn√ tIh-e-Øn¬

s]Sp-h-Xn-\m-e-\niw `an-®n-Sp-∂p.

CXv s\Snb In\mhv ˛ PohnXw Hcp \o≠ kz]v\-am-Wv.

\nZ-t]mse ˛ Dd-°-Øn¬ ImWp∂ In\m-hp-

t]msebmWn-Xv.

\nXyw sISpw ˛ DW¿s∂-Wo-°p-tºmƒ B

In\mhpw sI´p-t]m-Ip∂p.

CXp-t]mse ˛ Dd-°-Ønse kz]v\w t]mseXs∂

In\mhpw ˛ Pohn-X-am-Ip∂ s\Snb In\mhpw

sI´p-t]mIpw

C]-Imcw ˛ F∂m¬ CØ-c-Øn¬

sISp-aXn ˛ hnj-b-_p≤n

ImWp-I-bn√ ˛ a\- n-em-°p∂n-√.

tIh-e-Øn¬ ˛ ]]©w F∂ Cuiz-cs‚

kz]v\Øn¬

s]Sp-h-Xn-\m¬ ˛ F√m-hcpw Htc-t]mse IpSp-ßn-bn-

cn-°p-∂-Xn-\m¬

A\niw ˛ Ft∏mgpw

`an-®n-Sp∂p ˛ s\Snb In\m-hns\ kXy-sa-∂-Xp-

t]mse Z¿in-°p-∂p.

Pohn-X-sa-∂Xv Hcp apgp-\o-f≥ kz]v\-am-Wv. CXbpw ssZ¿Ly-ap-≈ kz]v\-am-b-Xp-sIm≠v \mw kz]v\sØ Xncn-®-dn-bm-dn-√. \ΩpsS

Dd-°hpw Dd-°-Øn¬ ImWp∂ kz]v\hpw DW¿∂n-cn-°p-tºmƒ

ImWp∂ temIhpw F√mw B s\Snb kz]v\-Ønse hnhn-[-amb

Ah-ÿ-I-fm-Ip-∂p. \nZ-bn¬ \mw ImWp∂ kz]v\w, \nZ-hn´v Fgp-

t∂¬°p-tºmƒ Ab-Ym¿∞-ambn tXm∂m-dp≠v. kz]v\-Øn¬ \mw

t]Sn®p \ne-hn-fn-®n-cn-°mw, B\-µw-sIm≠v \rØw sNbvXn-cn-°mw, lnam-

e-b-km-\p-°-fn¬ hnl-cn-®n-cn-°mw, òI-c-amb Zpc-¥-Øn¬ acn-®p-t]m-

sb∂p hcmw. F∂m¬ DW¿∂p IÆp-Xp-d∂p t\m°p-tºmƒ AsX√mw

km¶ev]n-I-ß-fm-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v \mw Xncn-®-dn-bm-dp-≠v. ]t£, A\p- -

hn-°p∂ thf-bn¬ Ah km¶ev]n-I-ß-f-√. Ah A\p- hbmYm¿∞y-

ß-fm-Wv.

AXp-sIm≠v Kpcp Cu Pohn-XtØbpw kz]v\-tØmSp Xpe\w sNøp-

tºmƒ \ap-°-Xns\ kzoI-cn-°m≥ ]bmkw tXm∂pw. Kpcp Cu s\Snb

kz]v\-Øn¬\n∂pw DW¿s∂-Wo-‰n- mWv \tΩm-sS√mw ]d-™p-X-cp-∂-

Xv. Kpcp-hns‚ A\p- -hsØ Kpcp ad-®p-h-bv°p-∂n-√. \ap°pw Np‰p-]m-Sp-

Iƒ Xo¿Ø thZ-\-I-fn¬\n∂pw sI´p-]m-Sp-I-fn¬\n∂pw ap‡-cm-Im≥

Ign-bpw. temIØv F√m-hcpw Cu Pohn-XsØ ]c-am¿∞-sa-∂-Xp-t]mse

\n\®v Pohn-°p-∂Xp ImWp-tºmƒ \ΩpsS D≈nepw tXm∂pw Cu ImW-

s∏-Sp∂ temIhpw Pohn-Xhpw BWv ]c-a-amb kXy-sa-∂v. AXn-s\-bmWv

tIh-e-Øn¬s] v àn-°pI F∂v Kpcp ]d-bp-∂-Xv.

Cu temI-P-\X apgp-h\pw BIm-i-Øn¬ \o-en-asb Z¿in-®mepw Hcp

imkvX-⁄-\-dnbmw AhnsS \oen-a-bn-s√-∂v. \ΩpsS IÆns‚ ]cn-anXn-bmWv NI-hm-f-ßsf krjvSn-°p-∂-sX-∂v imkvX-⁄-\-dn-bmw. km[m-

cW Pohn-X-Ønse CØcw Imcy-ßfn¬t]mepw \Ωƒ àn-®p-t]m-Im-dp-≠v. CXp-t]m-se-X-s∂-bmWv Hcp apgp-h≥ Pohn-X-Ønepw D≠m-Ip∂ àm-

fl-I-X. C\n DW-c¬ Bh-iy-am-Wv. B DWc¬ Bfl-kq-cy-\n-te-°m-Wv.shfn-®w.... shfn-®w..... k¿∆X shfn-®w......-C-cp- ns‚ Hcp IWnI-t]mepw

ImWp-∂n-√t√m? Fs¥m-c-¤pXw! CXm-Ip∂p ]q¿Æ-t_m-t[m-Z-bw.

56IS-en-segpw Xnc-t]mse Imb-tam-tcm˛

∂pS-\p-S-t\-dn-bp-b¿∂-a¿∂n-Sp∂p

apSn-hn-Xn-s\-ßnXp l¥! aqe-kw-hn-Xv˛

IS-en-e-P-k-hp-ap-≈ I¿Ω-atX!

IS-en-segpw Xnc-t]mse ˛ IS-en¬ Xnc-Iƒ Db-cp-Ibpw

Xmgp-Ibpw sNøp-∂-Xp-t]mse

Imb-tam-tcm∂v ˛ Hmtcmtcm icocw

DS-\p-S≥ ˛ H∂n\p ]pdsI H∂mbn

Gdn Db-¿∂a¿∂n-Sp∂p ˛ D≠mbn amdn ad-bp-∂p.

apSn-hn-Xn-s\ßv ˛ Cu ]In-b°v Hcp A¥yw

Fhn-sS-bmWv?

CXp l¥! ˛ CsXmcp B›-cyw-Xs∂!

aqe-kw-hn-XvI-S-en¬ ˛ ]]-©-Øn\p aqe-Im-c-W-amb

Bfl-kmK-c-Øn¬

AP-khpw D≈˛ Fs∂∂pw kw`-hn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂

I¿Ω-atX ˛ k¿§-]-In-b-I-fm-Wn-Xv.

Xnc-bn-√mØ IS¬ Hcp hntcm-[m-`m-kw-t]mse tXm∂pw. XncF∂p ]d-bp-tºmƒ AXn¬ \pcbpw ]Xbpw Hmf-ßfpw Ae-Ifpwalm-X-cw-K-ßfpw F√mw Dƒs∏-Spw. IS-en¬ Xnc-bn-√m-Xmbn Ign-™m¬ ]ns∂ AXv IS-e-√m-Xm-Ipw. hnim-e-amb IS-en¬ HcpXncbv°pw imiz-X-amb \ne-\n¬∏n-√. Pew Ipd-®p-t\cw Xnc-bpsSBIm-csØ]q≠v Ipd-®p-t\cw \ne-\n∂v ]ns∂ IS-en-te-°p-Xs∂Xncn®pebn-°p-∂p. Hcp ]Xn-\m-bncw h¿j-ßƒ°p-apºpw IS-en¬ Xnc-Iƒ D≠m-bn-cp--∂p. Ct∏mgpw \mw Xnc-Iƒ ImWp-∂p. \mw t]m-bmepwIS-en¬ Xnc-Iƒ D≠m-Ipw. Cu ]In-b°v Hcp apSnhpw D≠m-hp-I-bn-√. CsXmcp B›-cy-I-c-am-bn-´p-ff kwK-Xn-bm-Wv.

CtX-t]m-se-X-s∂-bmWv ]]-©-Øns‚ k¿÷-\-]-In-bbpw \S-°p-∂-Xv. ]]-©hpw Xcw-K-ß-sf-t∏msebmWv. \nc-h-[n-bmb cq]-ß-fn-eqsS ]]©w \ΩpsS apºn¬ \ne-\n¬°p-∂p-≠v. ]t£, CXv GXpkmK-c-Ønse Xnc-I-fmWv? aqe-kw-hn-XvI-S-en-emWv ]m]-©n-I-X-cw-K-

ßƒ cq]w-sIm-≈p-∂-Xv. kwhnXv F∂p ]d-™m¬ Adn-hm-Wv. Adn-hn-t\bpw Bflm-hn-t\bpw At -Z-ambn Adn-b-Ww. Bfl-km-K-c-Øn-emWv

\nc-¥-c-ambn temI-k¿÷\w \S-∂p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. CXv Ah-km-\-an-√msX \S-∂p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. CsXmcp alm-›-cyw-X-s∂!

57Ae-b-dp-am-gn-bn-ep-≠-\-¥-am-bm˛

Ie-bnXp Iey-b-\m-Zn-Im-cy-amIpw

ken-e-c-km-Zn-i-co-c-ta¥n \m\m˛

hpe-Ip-cp-hm-bp-cp-hmbn \n∂n-Sp∂p.

Ae-bdpw Bgn-bn¬ ˛ Xnc-bn-√mØ IS-en¬

A\-¥-am-bm-Ie D≠v ˛ A¥y-an-√mØ ‘ambm-Ie’ D≠v.

CXv Iey ˛ Cu ambm-Ie k¿÷-\-]-In-

b°v ka¿∞-am-Wv.

A\m-Zn-Im-cy-amIpw ˛ CXv A\m-Zn-Im-cy-am-bn-cn-°p∂

ken-e-c-kmZn ˛ Pew, AXns‚ KpW-amb ckw

XpSßnbh-bpsS

icocw G¥n ˛ BIm-cw ssIs°m-≠v

\m\m DeIv ˛ \m\m-X-c-Øn-ep-≈ temI-ß-fpsS

Dcp-hmbv Dcp-hmbv ˛ cq]-ß-fmbn

\n∂n-Sp∂p ˛ ChnsS \ne-\n¬°p-∂p.

IS-en¬ Hcn-°epw Xnc-I-fn-√mØ Ahÿ kwPm-X-am-hp-I-bn-s√∂v

\mw Ign™ t«mI-Øn¬ ]d-™p. F√m ImeØpw Xncbpw ISepw

H∂n-®p-Xs∂ Ccp-∂n- p-≠v. F∂mepw IS¬ ]q¿Æ-ambn im¥-am-sb-

∂n-cn-°-s´. B im¥X XmXvIm-en-I-am-Wv. IS-ens‚ Bg-ß-fn¬Xs∂

henb Xnc-°q- -ßƒ D≠m-°m\p≈ a¿±-ßƒ Hfn-™n-cn-°p-∂p-≠v.

Bfl-km-K-c-Ønepw CXp-t]m-se-bm-Wv. ]]-©-Øn¬ ImWp∂ F√mw

Bfl-km-K-c-Øn¬ kq£va-ambn ad-™n-cn-°p-∂p-≠v. Iºyq-´-dns‚

ssatIm-Nn-∏p-I-fn¬ saΩdn Ccn-°p-∂-Xp-t]m-se. Bflm-hn¬ Cßs\

ad-™n-cn-°p∂ ]]-©-km-[y-Xsb ‘ambm-Ie’ F∂mWv kmt¶-Xn-I-`m-j-bn¬ ]dbp-I.

Ie F∂p ]d-™m¬ Hc-S-bm-f-am-Wv ˛ Hcp ]mSv. ]t£, Cu ]mSv

]]-©-kva-c-W-Isf apgp-h≥ D≈-S-°n-h-®n- p-≠v. hfsc ka¿∞-ambcoXn-bn¬ krjvSn-Pm-e-ßsf krjvSn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°m≥ CXn\p Ign-

bpw. AXp-sIm-≠m-Wn-Xns\ Iey F∂p ]d-bp-∂-Xv. Cu ]]©wA©p `qX-ß-fpsS tNcp-h-bm-Wv. Hmtcm `qX-Øn\pw Hmtcm ][m\

KpW-ap-≠v. `qan-bpsS KpWw K‘-am-Wv. sh≈-Øns‚ KpWw ck-am-Wv. A·n-bpsS KpWw cq]hpw hmbp-hnt‚Xv kv]¿i-hp-am-Wv. BIm-

i-Øns‚ KpWw i_vZ-am-Wv. Cu ]©- q-X-ßfpw KpW-ßfpw tN¿∂v\m\m-Io¿Æ-amb temIw Bhn¿ -hn-°p-∂p. Cu ]Inb A\m-Zn-bm-

Wv. BZn-bn-√msX \S-∂p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. Ct∏mgpw \S-°p-∂p.

58

\h-\-h-an-∂-se-bn-∂p- \m-sf- a-t‰˛

±nh-k-an-Xn-ßs\ Nn¥ sNbvXn-SmsX

Ahn-c-X-sa-Æn-b-f-∂n-Sp-∂-sX√mw

`a-samcp t`Z-hp-an-√-dn-™n-tSWw.

\h-\hw ˛ ]pXp-]p-Ø-\mb Pohn-Xm-\p-`-h-ßƒ

C∂se C∂v ˛ C∂se, C∂v

\msf at‰-Zn-hkw ˛ \msf, a‰-∂mƒ

CXn-ßs\ ˛ tIh-e-amb ImesØ shń-ap-dn®p

a\- n-em-°p∂ Xc-Øn-ep-≈

Nn¥ sNbvXn-SmsX ˛ Nn¥-bn¬ G¿s∏-SmsX

Ahn-cXw ˛ hncm-a-an-√msX

FÆn Af-∂n-Sp-∂-sX√mw ˛ FÆnbpw Af∂pw Adn-bp-∂-sX√mw

àw ˛ àw amX-amWv

Hcp t`Z-hp-an√ ˛ Ime-Øns‚ s]mcpƒ GIamWv,

AXn¬ Hcp t`Z-h-ap-an-√.

Adn-™n-tSWw ˛ Cßs\ Adn-b-Ww.

]g-b-Xns\ If™v ]pXn-b-Xns\ ssIs°m-≈m-\mWv Bfp-Iƒ

sImXn-°p-∂-Xv. a\- v Fs∂∂pw ]pXpa tXSp∂ kz`m-h-ap-≈-Xm-Wv.H∂ns\ ImWp-tºmƒ AXns\ ]pXn-b-sX∂pw ]g-b-sX∂pw a\ v

hnth-Nn-®-dn-bp-∂p. ]g-b-Xns\ \Ωƒ X≈n-°-fbpw. ]pXn-b-Xns\ssIs°m-≈pw. \Ωƒ H∂ns\ ]pXn-b-sX∂pw ]g-b-sX∂pw Xcw-Xn-cn-

°p-∂Xv GX-Sn-ÿm-\-Øn-emWv? Ime-t_m-[-Øn-emWv F√m A\p- -h-ßfpw kw -hn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. C∂se F∂Xv Hcp Ime-b-f-hm-Wv. AXp kw -hn-®p-I-gn™ Imcy-am-Wv. kw -hn-®-sX√mw Fhn-sS-

bmWv Ccn-°p∂Xv? kvac-W-bn-emWv Ccn-°p-∂-Xv. B kvac-W-bpsSASn-ÿm-\-Øn-emWv C∂v F∂v \mw ]d-bp-∂-Xv. C∂v C∂-se-tb-

°mƒ IqSp-X¬ bmYm¿∞y-ap-≈-Xm-Wv. C∂ns\ h®p-sIm-≠mWv hcm-\n-cn-°p∂ \msf-sb-°p-dn®v Nn¥n-°p-∂-Xv.

]m›m-Xy-Nn-¥-I-\mb _¿Kvk¨ Aßs\ tIh-e-amb ImesØpure duration F∂p hnfn-®p. \mcm-b-W-Kp-cp-hpw _¿Kvk-sW-t∏mse

GI-amb Ime-[m-csb JWvUn-°p-∂-Xns\ àw F∂mWv hnfn-°p-∂-Xv. C∂-se-sb∂pw Cs∂∂pw \msf-sb∂pw D≈ Iev]-\-Iƒ à-

ß-fm-Wv. a\- n-\p--≠m-Ip∂ Nne ]Xo-Xn-Iƒ amX-am-Wv. Ime-Øns‚ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ ]g-b-sX∂pw ]pXn-b-sX∂pw ]d-bp∂ A\p-`-h-

ßfpw à-am-Wv. Ime-Øns‚ Cu à-Nn-¥-bn¬\n∂pw ⁄m\-Øns‚tIh-e-a-ln-am-hn-te°v a\- ns\ Db¿Øn-sb-Sp-°-Ww. t`Z-ß-fn-√msX

BZy-¥-hn-lo-\-amb Adn-hn¬ A\p-`-h-ßƒ Ime-L-S-\-bn¬ s]Sm-sX-Xs∂ kw -hn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p. CX-dn-bp-∂-h≥ arXyp-hn-te°p

\sΩ hen-®n-g-°p∂ Ime-Øns‚ ]nSn-bn¬\n∂pw ]pd-Øp-I-S-°pw.

59Adn-hns\ hn´Y Rm\p-an√sbs∂˛

∏ncn-bp-In-en-√-dnhpw, ]Im-i-amXw

Adn-h-dn-bp-∂-h-s\∂p c≠p-tam¿Øm˛

semcp-s]m-cpfmaXn-en√ hmZ-ta-Xpw.Adn-hns\ hn´v ˛ Adn-hn¬\n∂pw A\y-ambn

AY ˛ ]ns∂

Rm\pw C√ ˛ ‘Rm≥ ’ F∂ t_m[-Øn\pw

AkvXn-X-bn-√.

Fs∂ ]ncn-bp-In¬ ˛ F∂n¬\n∂pw A\y-ambn

Adnhpw C√ ˛ Hc-dnhpw D≠m-Ip-∂n-√.

]Im-i-amXw ˛ Rm\pw Adnhpw Htc-sbmcp

]Imiw amXw

Adnhv ˛ Adn-sh∂pw

Adn-bp-∂-h≥ F∂p ˛ Adn-bp-∂-h-s\∂pw D≈

c≠pw Hm¿Øm¬ ˛ c≠pw At\z-jn-®p-t\m-°n-bm¬

Hcp s]mcpfmw ˛ Htc-sbmcp s]mcp-fmWv

CXn¬ C√ hmZ-taXpw ˛ CXp X¿°-an-√mØ kwK-Xn-bm-Wv.

hyh-lm-c -`mj-bn¬ Rm≥ Adn -bp -∂p, Fs‚ AdnhvFs∂ms° ]d-bm-dp-≠v. Aßs\ ]d-bp-tºmƒ hen-sbmcp sX‰ns\]n≥K-an-°p-I-bmWv \Ωƒ sNøp-∂-Xv. Rm≥ F∂Xv AdnhpXs∂-bm-Wv. Rm\pw Adnhpw XΩn¬ Hcp t`Z-hp-an-√. Rm≥ Adn-bp∂pF∂ ]-In-bbn¬ Adnhv \Ωn-¬-\n∂pw AI-∂n-cn-°p∂ H∂p-t]msetXm∂pw. FXtbm Bfp-Iƒ Adn-hp-Iƒ tiJ-cn-°m-\mbn ]pkvX-I-ßƒ hmbn-®p-]-Tn-°p-∂Xv \Ωƒ ImWm-dp-≠v. ]pkvX-I-Øn-emWvAdn-hn-cn-°p-∂-sX∂ cqV-aq-e-amb tXm∂-ep-sIm-≠mWv \Ω-fpsShnZym-`ymkw-t]mepw ]pkvX-I-tI-µo-Ir-X-am-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. amX-a-√,Fs‚ Adnhv F∂p ]d-bp-tºmƒ Fs‚ hoSv, Fs‚ Im¿ F∂hnh-£-I-fn¬ hcp-∂-Xp-t]mse Adnhpw Rm≥ kzmb-Ø-am-°nbFs‚ Hcp ssIh-i-h-kvXp-hm-Wv.

At∏mƒ IqSp-X¬ Adn-hp-≈-h≥ kaq-l-Øn¬ AwKo-Ir-X-\m-Ip-∂p. Ah≥ Adn-hmIp∂ kº-Øp-sIm≠v A[n-Im-csØ Iøm-fp-∂p.Adn-hns\ Zpcp-]-tbmKw sNøm≥ Cß-s\-bp-≈ sX‰mb t_m[wklm-b-I-am-bn-´p-≠v. hmkvX-h-Øn¬ Rm\pw Adnhpw Htc-sbmcp]Imiw amXamWv. Hcp s]mcpƒX-s∂-bm-Wv. C°mcyw A\p-`-h-am-bn´p hc-Ww. At∏m-gmWv aqey-h-Ømbn Pohn-°m≥ Ign-bp-I. Kpcp-hns‚ A\p-`-h-Øn¬\n-∂mWv Kpcp C°mcyw \ap°p ]d-™p-X-cp-

∂-Xv. AXn¬ eh-teiw kwibw th≠. AXp-sIm≠v hmZ-ß-sfm-∂p-an-√msX Rm\pw Adnhpw Hs∂-∂p-≈ A\p-`-sshIyw t\Sn-sb-Sp-°p-I.

60

Adn-hn-s\bpw aa-X-bv°-[o-\-am°n˛

∏d-bp-an-Xn≥ ]c-am¿∞-tam¿Øn-SmsX

]d-In-ep-a-∏-c-X-Øz-sa-∂-t]m-eo˛

bdn-h-dn-bp-∂-h-\-\y-am-Ip-ho-e.

CXn≥ ˛ CXns‚

]c-am¿∞w ˛ ]c-am¿∞w

Hm¿Øn-SmsX ˛ At\z-jn-®-dn-bmsX

Adn-hn-s\bpw ˛ Adn-hn-s\-t∏mepw

aa-Xbv°v A[o-\-am°n ˛ Fs‚ Adnhv F∂ Xc-Øn¬

Adn-hns\ kz¥-am°n

]d-bpw ˛ Bfp-Iƒ ]dbpw.

]d-Inepw ˛ Aßs\ ]d-™mepw

B ]c-XØzw F∂-t]m¬ ˛ B ]c-am-fl-XØzw Adn-bp-∂-h≥

AXp-X-s∂-bm-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xp-t]mse

Cu Adnhv ˛ Fs‚ Adnhv F∂ Xc-Øn¬

Icp-Xn-t∏m-cp∂ Adnhv

Adn-bp-∂-h\v ˛ CX-dn-bp-∂-h\v Ah-\n¬\n∂pw

A\y-am-Ip-hoe ˛ A\y-am-bn-cn-°p-∂n-√.

CXv Fs‚ `qan, AXp \ns‚ `qan, CXv Fs‚ ]Ww, AXp

\ns‚ ]Ww F∂p ]d-bp-∂-Xp-t]mse A⁄m-\n-bmb a\p-jy≥Fs‚ Adn-sh∂p hyh-l-cn-°m-dp≠v. ]c-am¿∞-Øn¬ Rm≥ Adn-

hp-X-s∂-bm-Wv. Adnhv Ft‚-X-√. hen-sbm-c¿∞-Øn¬ Rm≥t]mepwAdn-hn-t‚-Xm-Wv. Rm\pw Adnhpw c≠√. ]t£, Fs‚ Adnhv F∂p

]d-bp-tºmƒ Adnhv F∂n¬\n∂pw _mly-amb Ft¥m H∂m-sW∂vIcp-Xpw. AXp-sIm≠v Adnhv kzmb-Ø-am-°m≥th≠n a\p-jy≥

]b-Xv\n-°p-∂p. ]W-ap-≠m-°m≥ ]b-Xv\n-°p∂ a\p-jy-sc-t∏m-se-Xs∂. hnZym-`ym-k-ÿm-]-\-ß-fnepw A°m-Z-an-I-fnepw a\p-jy-¿

IpØn-bn-cp∂p ]Tn-°p-∂Xp ImWmw. tkmI-´okv ]d™ hnip-X-h-N-\-ß-fn-sem-∂v, ‘\o \ns∂-Øs∂ Adn-bpI’ F∂m-Wv. Adn-bp∂h-\pw Adnhpw H∂m-bn-Øo-cp∂ AJ-WvUm-\p- q-Xn-bn¬ amXta\n¿hrXn D≠m-hp∂p-≈q.

]c-am-flm-hns\ Adn-bp∂p F∂p ]d-bp-∂-Xn¬ Hcp sX‰p-≠v.Adn-bp-∂-h≥ ]c-am-flm-hm-Wv. CXmcpw Hm¿°m-dn-√. AXp-t]mseFs‚ Adnhv F∂p ]d-bp-tºmƒ Adnhv F∂n¬\n∂pw A\y-am-bn-t∏m-Ipw. B tXm∂¬ Hcp henb iq\y-Xsb krjvSn-°pw. A]-I¿j-t_m-[sØ krjvSn-°pw. Jeo¬ Pn_m≥ ]hm-N-I≥ F∂ IrXn-bn¬ ]d-bp∂p: ‘Fs‚ ssZhta, F∂p hnfn-°m≥ ]mSn-√. Fs¥-∂m¬ Rm≥ ssZh-Øn-t‚-Xm-Ip-∂p. ssZhw Ft‚-X-√.’ B Hc-l-¥-IqSn \Ω-fn¬\n∂pw t]mI-Ww. ssZhsØ kz¥-am-°p∂ \mw ssZh-tØ-°mƒ ap¥n-b-h-\m-sW∂ ]Xy-£-a-√mØ Hcp A-l-¶m-c-ap-≠v.\Ω-psS aX-ßfpw XØz-Nn-¥-Ifpw Cu Zqjn-X-h-e-b-Øn¬\n∂pwD≠mb Pmc-k-¥-Xn-I-fm-Wv. Adn-hn\v \sΩ hn´p-sIm-Sp-°-Ww. ssZh-Øn\p \sΩ ka¿∏n-°-Ww. At∏mƒ F¥v Ah-ti-jn-°p-∂pthmAXmWv BXy-¥n-I-amb A\p-`hw.

61shfn-hn-jbw hne-kp∂p thdp-th-dm˛

bf-hn-Sp-an-µn-b-am¿∂p Xs‚ [¿Ωw

Pf-X-b-Xnßp ZnKw-_-cmZn \mam˛

hen-sbm-Sp-b¿∂-dn-hmbn amdn-Sp-∂p.

shfn-hn-jbw ˛ ]pd-wtem-I-Øp-≈ hnj-b-ßƒ

thdp-th-dmbv ˛ sht∆-sd-bmbn

hne-kp∂p ˛ FÆ-a‰ ]Xo-Xn-Iƒ D≠m-°p-∂p.

Cµnbw ˛ Cµn-b-ßƒ

Xs‚ [¿Ωw B¿∂v ˛ AXm-Xns‚ [¿ΩsØ Ah-ew-

_n-®p-sIm≠v

Af-hnSpw ˛ Cµn-b-hn-j-b-ßsf Af-∂-dn-bp∂p.

PfX AXv ˛ Cµn-b-ßƒ sht∆-sdbmbn Af-∂-dn-

bp-∂-Xv A⁄m\w \nan-Ø-amWv.

Cßv ˛ ChnsS

ZnKw-_-cmZn ˛ Zn°v, BImiw ap-X-embh

\mam-h-en-sbmSv ˛ \nc-h-[n-bmb \ma-k-©-b-tØm-sSm∏w

Db¿∂v ˛ Db¿∂v

Adn-hmbn amdn-Sp-∂p ˛ tIh-e-amb Adn-hns\ ]m]n-°p∂p.

shfn F∂m¬ BIm-i-am-Wv. GsXmcp hkvXp-hn\pw ÿnXn sNøp-hm≥ CSw thWw. F√m hkvXp-°fpw BIm-i-Øn-emWv Ccn-°p-∂-Xv.

BIm-i-Øn¬ hkvXp Ccn-°pI amX-a-√, hkvXp-hn¬ BImiw Ccn-°p-∂p-ap≠v. BIm-i-Øn¬ IpSw Ccn-°p-∂-Xp-t]m-se-Xs∂ IpS-Øn¬

BImiw Ccn-°p-∂pap-≠v. Cu BImi-Øn-emWv FÆ-a‰ hnj-b-ßƒ

ÿnXn sNøp-∂-Xv. Hcp hnjbw thsdmcp hnj-b-Øn¬\n∂pw thdn- n-cn-°p-∂p-≠v. B th‰pa hcp-∂Xv Cµn-b-ßfpsS [¿Ω-hy-Xn-cn-‡XsIm≠m-

Wv. IÆn\p cq]sØ ImWm≥ Ign-bp-∂p. cq]-amWv ChnsS IÆns‚[¿Ω-hn-j-b-am-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. IÆn\p ImWp-hm-\p-ff Ignth D≈q.

tIƒ°p-hm-\p-≈ Ign-hn-√. tIƒhn ImXns‚ [¿Ω-am-Wv. At∏mƒImXns‚ hnj-b-ambn hcp-∂-Xv i_vZ-am-Wv. Cßs\ Hmtcm Cµn-b-Øn-

\pw AXm-Xns‚ [¿Ωhpw B [¿Ω-Øn-\n-W-ßp∂ hnjbhpw ]pdw-tem-I-Øn¬ ÿnXn sNøp-∂p-≠v.

Af-hn-√mØ sshhn-[y-tØm-Sp-IqSn temI-Øn¬ cq]-ßƒ D≈Xp-

t]mse kv]¿i-ßfpw i_vZ-ßfpw K‘-ßfpw ck-ßfpw At\-I-am-Wv. Cµn-b-ßƒ Chsb Adn-bp-∂Xv Af-∂m-Wv. F√m Cµn-b-hn-j-b-

ß-tfbpw Af-°m≥ Ign-bpw. B[p-\n-I-imkvXw Cu temIsØ Af∂pa\- n-em-°p-hm≥ ian-®-Xns‚ e-am-bn- mWv hnI-kn-X-am-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

Kpcp JWvUn-X-ambn ]d-bp∂p: ‘CsXms° Pf-X-bm-Wv.’ Pf-X-sb-∂m¬Cu \m\m-Xz-Øn-t‚-Xmb temI-Øn¬ \mw imiz-X-aq-ey-ßsf ImWm≥

ian-°p-∂Xm-Wv. F√mw amdn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-∂p. am‰-an-√m-Ø-Xmbn Cu]m]-©n-I-X-bn¬ H∂pw-Xs∂ C√. F∂m¬ Cu am‰sØ Adn-hn-te°v

B\-bn-°p-hm≥ Ign-bpw. Hcp hnj-b-Øn¬\n∂p thsdmcp hnj-b-Øn-te°v ]nbsØ ]dn-®p-\-Sp-∂-Xp-t]m-se-b√ hnj-b-Øn¬\n∂pw

]nbsØ AS¿Øn-sb-SpØv Bflm-hn¬ Dd-∏n®p \ndpØp-∂-Xv. BIm-iw, Zn°v XpSßn ]m©- u-Xn-Iamb Cu ]]©w ap-gp-h≥ \ma-k-©-b-

ß-fm-Wv. F√m \ma-ßfpw A\m-an-I-amb Adn-hn¬ D]-kw-l-cn-°-Ww.Adnhp amXta D≈q. CXv Adn-bp-tºmƒ PfX t]mIpw. B Adnhp

Xs∂-bmWv Rm≥. CXdn-bp-tºmƒ B\µw Ae-X-√pw.

62]c-h-i-\mbv ]c-X-Øz-sa-s‚-sX-t∂m¿˛

°-cp-XcpsX∂p IYn-∏-sXm-∂n-\mte

hcp-a-dn-th-Xp- hcm IYn-∏-Xmte

]c-a-]Zw ]cn-Nn¥ sNbvXn-tS-Ww.

]c-h-i-\mbv ˛ euIn-I-ho-£-W-Øn\v ASn-as∏´v

]c-XØzw ˛ ]c-am-flm-hns\

Fs‚-sX∂v ˛ Fs‚ ]c-am-flm-sh∂v

Hm¿°-cpXv ˛ Icp-Xm≥ ]mSn√

Acp-sX∂v ˛ Icp-Xm≥ ]mSn-s√∂v

IYn-∏-sXm-∂n-\mse ˛ ]d-™-Xp-sIm-≠p-amXw

hcp-a-dn-thXv? - F¥-dn-hp-≠m-Im-\mWv?

hcm IYn-∏-Xmse ˛ shdptX ]d-™-Xp-sIm-≠p-amXw

⁄m\w ssIh-cn-I-bn-√.

]c-a-]Zw ˛ ]c-am-flm-hns\

]cn-Nn¥ sNbvXn-tSWw ˛ [ym\-\n-a-·-ambn A\p-`-hn-®-dn-b-Ww.

]c-h-i-X-bmWv Hc-phs\ Xf¿Øp-∂-Xv. kXyw thsd Fhn-sStbm

BsW∂p IcpXn AXns‚ em`-Øn-\mbn ]b-Xv\n-°p-tºm-gmWv ]c-

h-i-\m-Ip-∂-Xv. DØ-tc-¥y-bn¬ Pohn-®n-cp∂ ⁄m\n-bmb I_o¿ ]d-

bp-∂p: Cuiz-c≥ aµn-c-Ønepw akvPn-Zn-ep-a-√. bmK-Ønepw tbmK-

Ønepw A√. Cuiz-c≥ \ns‚ ]mWs‚ ]mW-\m-Ip∂p F∂v. \mw

\sΩ Xnc-™p-\-S-°m≥ XpS-ßn-bn´v P∑-ßƒ Gsd Ign-™p. bmX

Gsd sNbvXv `qan F∂ Cu kX-Øn¬ FØn-t®¿∂n-´p≈ ]Yn-I-

∑m-cmWv \Ω-sf-√m-h-cpw. \Ω-fpsS bmX \Ω-sf-tØ-Sn-bp-≈XmsW∂v

Adn-bp-tºmƒ CXp-hsc sNbvX bmX-I-sf√mw hrYm-hn-em-bn-cp-∂p

F∂p t_m[y-s∏-Spw. G‰hpw ASpØ H∂ns\ Adn-bmsX AI-se-

bp-≈-Xn-te°p Xe \o´p∂ \ΩpsS _p≤n ]mc-h-iy-am-Wv. B _p≤n-

sIm-≠mWv ho≠pw \Ωƒ ]c-am-flm-hns\ Adn-bm≥ ian-°p-∂-Xv.

]c-am-flmhv GtXm Hcp henb hkvXp--hn-s\-t∏mse amXta Aßs\

At\z-jn-°p-∂-hs‚ a\- n¬ tXm∂n-°p-I-bp-≈q. Fs‚ ]c-am-flm-

sh∂v Nn¥n-°p-∂Xv sX‰m-Wv. F√m Ft‚-Xp-Ifpw Rm\-√m-Ø-Xm-

Wv.

Cßs\ Nn¥n-°-cp-sX∂p ]d-™-Xp-sIm-≠p-amXw \ap°v icn-

bmb ]c-am-fl-⁄m\w ssIh-cn-I-bn-√. D]-\n-jØpw ss__nfpw

Jp¿˛ B\pw at\m-l-c-ambn Dcp-hn-Sp-hm≥ Ign-bp∂ ]WvUn-X-in-tcm-

a-Wn-Ifp≠v. Ah¿ aWn-a-Wn-t]mse thZ-]p-kvXIw sNm√n-t°ƒ∏n-

®p-X-cpw. ]t£, Poh≥ sImcp-Øn´ sIWn-bn¬ Ahcpw Hcp ]d-h-

sb-t∏mse Nnd-In-´Sn®p \ne-hn-fn-°p∂ kµ¿`-ßƒ ]e-t∏mgpw

D≠mIm-dp-≠v. ap‡n ImWm-∏mTw ]Tn®p≠m-°m-hp∂ H∂-√. G‰p-

sNm√n lrZn-ÿ-am-°m-hp-∂-Xp-a-√. Bflm-hns‚ AKm-[-X-bn-te°v

kz¥w X]- n-\m¬ B≠n-d-ß-Ww. [ym\-Øns‚ kmK-c-kz-—X

ssIh-cp-thmfw Cu ]cn-Nn-¥\w XpS¿∂n-tS-Ww.

63

Adn-hn-en-cp-∂-]-c-Xz-am¿∂n-Sm-Xo˛

bdn-hn-s\-bn-ß-dn-bp-∂-sX-∂ntb Xm≥

]c-h-i-\m-b-dn-hoe ]WvUn-X≥ X≥˛

]c-a-c-l-ky-an-Xmcp ]m¿Øn-Sp-∂p !

Adn-hn-en-cp∂v ˛ Adn-hn¬\n∂v

A]-c-Xz-am¿∂n-SmsX ˛ Xs∂ A\y-am-°msX

Cu Adn-hns\ ˛ Bflmhp Xs∂-bmb Adn-hns\

Cß-dn-bp-∂-sX-∂ntb ˛ ChnsS Adn-bm-sa-∂-√msX

]c-h-i-\mbv ˛ X∂n¬\n∂pw A\y-amWv Bflm-hv

F∂pIcpXn At\z-jn°p∂-Xn-

eqsS

Adn-hoe ˛ Bflm\p`hw kw`-hn-°p-I-bn-√.

]WvUn-X≥ X≥ ˛ ⁄m\n-bpsS

]c-a-c-lkyw ˛ ]c-a-clkyamb B¥-cn-Im-\p-`hw

CXmcp ]m¿Øn-Sp∂p! ˛ B¿°mWv a\- n-em-hp-∂-Xv ?

Bflm-t\z-jWw \S-Øp∂ km[-I-∑m-cn¬ s]mXpth kw`-hn-

°m≥ CS-bp-≈ Hcp sX‰ns\ Kpcp Xncp-Øn-Ø-cn-I-bmWv sNøp-∂-Xv.Adn-hn-t\bpw Adn-bp-∂-h-t\bpw A\y-hev°-cn®p ImWm≥ ]mSn-√.

Bflm-hn-s\-bmWv km£m-XvI-cn-t°-≠-Xv. F∂m¬ Hcmƒ km[-\-Iƒ A\p-jvTn-°p-tºmƒ AXp thsd Fhn-sStbm Ccn-°p∂ H∂m-

sW∂p Icp-Xn-bmWv A\p-jvTm-\-ßƒ sNøp-∂-Xv. ]m¿∞n-°p-∂-hcpwtbmKbpw ]mWm-bm-ahpw sNøp-∂-hcpw a¥hpw ]qPbpw \S-Øp-∂-

hcpw F√mw Ah-cn¬\n∂v A\y-Ym-I-cn® Hcp kØ-bmbn I≠p-sIm-≠mWv Bflm-t\z-jWw \S-Øp-∂-Xv. H∂m-bn-cn-°p∂ kXysØ

c≠m°n hn`-Pn®v ho≠pw H∂m-°n-t®¿°p-hm≥th≠n a\p-jy≥ \S-Øp∂ s]Sm-∏m-Sn-s\-°p-dn-t®m¿Øv Kpcp hyk-\-kz-c-Øn-emWv Cu

t«mI-Øns‚ Ah-km-\-]mZw Na-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. ]WvUn-X≥X≥ ]c-a-c-lkyw B¿°pw Adn-bm≥ Ignbp∂n-√t√m! BcmWv ]WvUn-X≥?

sse_-dn-bpsS Hgn™ tImWn-en-cp∂v alm-K-Ÿ-ßƒ hmbn-®p-Iq- p-Ibpw Zp¿Kl-amb Imcy-ßƒ ]d-bp-Ibpw sNøp∂ Hcp _p≤n-Po-hn-

sb-bmWv ]WvUn-X-s\∂v kmam-\y-P\w Icp-Xp-∂-Xv.

F∂m¬ Kpcp CØ-c-°msc ]c-h-i-∑m¿ F∂mWv hnfn-°p-∂-Xv.

]WvUn-X≥ F∂-√. \ΩpsS tImtf-Pp-I-fnepw A°m-Z-an-I-fnepw an°-

hmdpw Bi-a-ß-fnepw Cu ]c-h-i-∑m¿ A[--c-hym-bmaw sNøp-∂Xv

\Ωƒ ImWm-dp-≠v. ]t£, ]WvUn-X≥ F∂ hm°ns‚ t\cmbA¿∞w A\p- -h-km-I-ey-ap≈ ⁄m\n F∂m-Wv. ]c-a-amb Adnhpw

Rm\pw c≠√ F∂ A\p- -hsØ ]WvUm F∂p ]d-bpw. Aev]w-t]mepw hn`m-Ko-b-X-bn-√mØ t_m[-amWv ]WvUm. Cu A\p- hw hen-

b-h-enb ]Zm-h-en-I-fn¬ tIm¿Øn-W°n samgn-™p-sIm-Sp-°m≥ Ign-bp-I-bn-√. au\-Øns‚ AKm-[-amb Hcp Dƒsh-fn-®-am-Wn-Xv. ]c-a-c-lkyw

F∂p ]d-bm≥ Imc-W-a-Xm-Wv. Hmtcm Poh-s‚bpw ]cn-Wmaw Cu ]c-a-c-l-kysØ D≈dn-bp-∂-Xn-te-°mWv th≠-Xv. F∂m¬ CXv Bcpw

a\- n-em-°p-∂n-√t√m F∂ Aev]w tJZw \nd™ Hcp kzchpw Cut«mI-Øn¬ AS-ßn-bn-cn-°p-∂p-≠v.

64

]Xn-hn-jbw ]Xn-_-‘-ta-dn- ta-hp˛

∂nXns\ \nP-kvar-Xnsb \ncm-I-cn°q

AXn-hn-i-Z-kvar-Xn-bm-e-XoX hnZym˛

\n[n sXfn-bp-∂n-Xn-\n√ \oXn-lm\n.

]Xnhnjbw ˛ Hmtcm hnj-bhpw

]Xn-_-‘-tadn tahp∂p ˛ Bfl-km-£m-XvIm-c-Øn\p

XS w \n¬°p∂p.

CXns\ ˛ Cu XS- sØ

\nP-kvar-Xnsb ˛ Bfl-kvar-Xn-sIm≠v

\ncm-I-cn°q ˛ X≈n-°-f-b-Ww.

AXn-hn-i-Z-kvar-Xn-bm¬ ˛ Bflm-hns‚ koa-b‰ Hm¿Ω-bm¬

AXo-X-hn-Zym-\n[n ˛ F√m D]m-[n-Iƒ°pw AXo-X-amb

B\-µ-L-\-amb ⁄m\w

sXfn-bp∂p ˛ D≈n¬ sXfn-bp∂p.

CXn\v C√ \oXn-lm\n ˛ CXn¬ Abp-‡-ambn H∂p-an-√.

hkvXphpw hnj-bhpw XΩn¬ A¥-c-ap-≠v. hkvXp a\- ns‚]nbm-]n-b-ß-fp-ambn Ie-cp-tºmƒ AXp hnj-b-am-bn. hnjbw hnjw-

t]m-se-bm-sW∂mWv AjvSm-h-I-ap-\n-sb-t∏m-ep-≈h¿ ]d-bp-∂-Xv.Aßs\ ]d-bm≥ Imc-Ww, hnjbw \Ω-psS hmk-\sb apgp-h≥

DW¿Øn \sΩ I¿-tΩm-’p-I-cm-°pw. I¿Ωw F∂p ]d-bp-∂-Xv,Imay-hn-j-b-Øn-\p-th-≠n-bp-≈ \nc-¥-c-amb ]h¿Ø-\-am-Wv. Hcp

hnjbw \ΩpsS A\p-`-h-Øn-te°p IS-∂p-h-cp-tºmƒ B hnj-b-

tØmSp tN¿∂ At\Iw hnj-b-ßƒ Iq´w-Iq-´-ambn at\m-Z¿∏-W-Øn-te°v X≈n-°-bdn hcpw. Hmtcm hnj-b-Nn-¥bpw ‘F\n-°mZyw

]q¿Øo-I-cWw \¬Iq’ F∂p ]d-bp-∂-Xp-t]m-se-bmWv \sΩ Imay-hn-j-b-Øn-te°p t]cn-∏n-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Aßs\ Hcp

PohnXw apgp-h≥ hnj-b-Nn-¥-tbm-SptN¿∂ ]h¿Ø-\-ß-fp-ambn\Ωƒ Ign-®p-Iq-´p-tºmƒ Pohn-X-Øns‚ BXy-¥n-I-amb e£yw ad-

∂p-t]m-Ip-∂p.c≠p Xc-Øn-ep-ff kvarXn-Iƒ (memory) \Ω-fn¬ ]h¿Øn-

°p-∂p-≠v. Hc¿∞-Øn¬ Htc-sbmcp kvarXn Xs∂-bmWv c≠p apJ-ß-fn-te°p Xncn-™p-\n∂v ]h¿Øn-°p-∂-Xv. H∂v hnj-b-kvar-Xn-bpw,

thsdm∂v Bfl-kvar-Xn-bpw. Bfl-kvar-Xn-bn-eqsS amXta hnj-b-kvar-Xnsb C√m-Xm-°m≥ Ign-bp-I-bp-≈q. hnj-b-kvarXn _‘-\-

Øn\p Imc-W-am-Ip-∂p. Bfl-kvarXn ap‡n-k-µm-b-I-am-Wv. Bflm-hns‚ kvarXn-sbbmWv AXn-hn-i-Z-kvarXn F∂v Kpcp hnti-jn-∏n-

®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. F√m kvac-W-I-fp-tSbpw aqe-I-µ-amWv Bfl-k-Ø.B Bfl-k-Ø-bn¬ ]m]-©n-I-Po-hn-X-Øns‚ apgp-h≥ Hm¿Ω-I-

tfbpw kq£vaambn tImdn-bn-´n-´p-≠v. Iw]yq-´-dnse ssatIm-Nn-∏p-I-fn¬ saΩdn kq£n-°p-∂-Xp-t]m-se-X-s∂-bmWnXv.

ChnsS Cuiz-cs‚ akvXn-jvI-Øn-emWv CsX√mw tiJ-cn-°p-∂-

sX∂v ]d-tb-≠n-h-cpw. Cu kvarXn-bn-eq-sS-bmWv \Ωƒ AXn-cp-I-fn-

√mØ ⁄m\sØ Bflm-\-µ-ambn A\p-`-hn-®-dnbp-∂-Xv. sXfn-a-bp-≈ Hcp Pohn-X-Øn\v thsd Hcp t]mwh-gnbpw C√. Bfl-\n-jvT-amb

km[\ A\p-jvTn-°-Ww. F¥n-\mWv Aam-¥n-°p-∂Xv? hnj-b-ß-fpsSXS w hnj-b-Nn¥ D≈n-S-tØmfw amXta D≈q. ]ns∂ F\n°pw

Bflm-hn\pw CS-bn¬ Hcp a[y-h¿Øn C√. CXp X¿°-an-√mØ kwK-Xn-bm-Wv.

65

Hcp Ipdn \ma-dn-bm-Ø-sXm-∂p-an-ßn˛

√pcp-a-d-hm-e-dn-ho-ep-W¿∂n-sX√mw

Adn-h-h-cn-√-Xn-c-‰-Xm-I-bm-eo˛

bcp-a-sb-bm-c-dn-bp-∂tlm! hnNnXw!

Hcp Ipdn ˛ Hcp hi-Øp-\n∂pw t\m°n-bm¬

\mw Adn-bm-ØXv ˛ \ap°v Adn-bm≥ Ign-bmØ

H∂pw Cßv C√˛ H∂pw-Xs∂ temI-Øn¬ C√.

Dcp ad-hm¬ ˛ cq]-ß-fpsS ad ImcWw

CsX√mw ˛ Cu temI-hn-j-b-ß-sf-sb√mw

DW¿∂v Adn-hoe ˛ Bfl-t_m-[-Øn¬ DW¿∂v \mw

Adn-bp-∂n√

AXn-c-‰-Xm-I-bm¬ ˛ A\-¥-hn-im-e-am-b-Xn-\m¬

Cu Acp-asb ˛ t]a-kz-cq-]n-bmb Cu Bflm-hns\

Adn-h-h-cn√ ˛ Adn-bp-∂-h¿ Bcpw C√Xs∂.

Bc-dn-bp∂p ˛ As√-¶n¬ CsXms° Bc-dn-bp∂p ?

Atlm! hnNnXw! ˛ A¤pXw \nd™ Cu A\p-`hw

Fs¥m-cp hnNn-X-am-Wv!

_¿Sm‚ v d -en-s\-t∏m-sebp-ff Nn¥-I-∑m¿ ssZh-Øn¬ hniz-

kn-°p-∂n-s√-¶nepw Adn-hns‚ i‡n-bn¬ hniz-kn-°p-∂p-≠v. Ch-cpsS

Nn¥sb temPn-°¬ t]mkn-‰o-hnkw (logical positivism) F∂mWv

hnfn-°p-∂-Xv. Cu Nn¥m-]-≤-Xn-]-Imcw Cu temI-Øn-ep-ff F√mAdn-hpIfpw Hcn-°¬ \ap°v Adn-™p-Xo¿°m≥ Ign-bpw. BIm-i-Øns‚ AXn¿Øn-Iƒ Fhn-sS--bmWv? ]]©w F¥n¬\n-∂mWv D≠m-bXv? ]]-©-kr-jvSn°p ]n∂n¬ Fs¥-¶nepw Dt±-iyapt≠m? Cß-s\-bp-≈ tNmZy-ßƒs°√mw Hmtcmtcm DØ-c-ßƒ ]co-£-W-ß-fn-eq-tSbpw \nco-£-W-ß-fn-eq-tSbpw Is≠Øn B DØ-c-ß-sf-sb√mwtN¿Øp-h®v Nn¥n-°p-tºmƒ temIsØ kw_-‘n-°p∂ ]cn-¢n-]vXn-bp-≈ Hcp DØcw In´p-sa∂pXs∂-bmWv temPn-°¬ t]mkn-‰o-hn-kp-I-fpsS hnizm-kw. \mcm-b-W-Kpcp CXn-s\-sbmcp hnizm-k-am-bn-´√ ImWp-∂-Xv. CXn-s\-sbmcp km[y-X-bm-bn-´mWv a\- n-em-°p-∂-Xv.

Hcp a¨Xcnsb Adn-bm-sa-¶n¬ qansb apgp-h≥ Adn-bm≥ IgnbpwF∂p-≈Xv Hcp km[y-X-bmWv. AXp hnNm-cn®v BcmWv `qan-bn-ep-ffa¨X-cn-I-sf√mw FÆn-s∏-dp°n Xn -s∏-Sp-Øm≥ t]mIp-∂-Xv. Aßs\Bsc-¶nepw ian-°p-∂p-s≠-¶n¬ AXns\ apgpØ `ms¥t∂ ]d-bm-s\m-°p. Hcp Ipdn \mw Adn-bm-Ø-sXm-∂p-an-ßn√. Cßs\ Hcp ho£-W-tIm-Wn¬\n∂pw t\m°p-tºmƒ \ap-°-dn-bm-\m-Im-Ø-Xmbn CutemI-Øn¬ H∂pw-Xs∂ C√ F∂mWv Kpcp ]d-bp-∂-Xv. ]t£, CuAdn-hn¬ Hcp XI-cm-dp-≠v. H∂ns\ thsdm-∂n¬\n∂pw thsd-th-sd-bm-°n-bmWv \Ωƒ Adn-bp-∂-Xv. AXn\p ImcWw Hcp hkvXp-hns\ \mwAdn-bp-tºmƒ AXn\v Hcp cq]w Ds≠-∂p-f-f-Xm-Wv. temIw F∂p ]d-bp-∂Xv _lp-k-lkw cq]-ßƒXs∂-bm-Wv. B cq]-ßƒs°√mw \ma-ßƒ sImSp-°p-tºm-gmWv temI-hp-ambn \ap°v hyh-l-cn-°m≥ Ign-bp-∂-Xv. F√m \ma-cq-]-ß-tfbpw ka-\z-bn-®-dn-bp∂ Hcp kam-\m-[n-I-c-W-X-bp-≠v. cq]-ß-fpsS ad ImcWw Cu kam-\m-[n-I-c-W-X-bn-te°v

a\- ns\ DW¿Øn-sb-Sp-°m≥ \ap°v Ign-bm-dn-√. amX-a√ Cu kam-\m-[n-I-cWX Pohn-X-Øn-s‚-Xs∂ ]c-a-amb A¿∞-am-Wv.

\nc-Xn-i-b-amb B\-µhpw t]ahpw hgn-s™m-gp-Ip∂ Acp-a-bmbCu Adn-hns\ Bcm-W-dn-bp-∂Xv? AXbpw ⁄m\-]n-]m-kbpw kXym-t\z-j-W-]-c-Xbpap≈ Hcmƒ°v Cu Acp-a-bpsS Aa-c-k-√m]w Km\-]o-bq-j-ambn A\p- -hn-°m≥ Ign-bpw. tbmKn-I-fpsS NnØ-Øn¬ elcn]I-cp∂ Cu A\p-`hw FX hnNn-X-amWv! F√m A¤p-X-ß-fn-te-°pw-h®v alm-¤p-X-am-bn-cn-°p∂ Bfl-\n¿hrXn Atlm! hnNnXw!

66Cc apX-em-b-h-sb-∂p-an-]-Imcw

hcp-an-\nbpw, hc-h-‰p-\n-ev]-tXIw

Adn-hXp, \ma-Xp-Xs∂ a‰p-sa-√m˛

hcp-a-Xp-X≥ hSn-hm¿∂p \n∂n-Sp-∂p.

Cc apX-em-bh ˛ kpJZpxJk-Ωn-i-amb hnj-b-ßƒ

F∂pw ˛ F√m-bvt∏mgpw

C]-Imcw ˛ Ct∏m-g-sØ-t]m-se-Xs∂

hcp-an-\nbpw ˛ C\nbpw h∂p-sIm-≠n-cn°pw

hc-h‰v \nev]Xv ˛ \n-›-e-ambn \n¬°p-∂Xv

GIw ˛ H∂p amX-am-Wv.

Adnhv AXv ˛ GI-amb AXv Adn-hm-Wv.

\mw AXp-Xs∂ ˛ \mw B Adn-hp-X-s∂-bm-Wv.

a‰p F√m-hcpw ˛ a‰p≈ F√m-hcpw

AXp-X≥ ˛ B GI-amb Adnhns‚

hSn-hm¿∂v ˛ kzXzw ssIs°m≠v

\n∂n-Sp∂p ˛ \ne-\n¬°p∂p

F√m Pohn-Ifpw P\n-°p-∂Xv hni-t∏m-Sp-Iq-Sn-bm-Wv. hni∏v Hcp

Ima-am-Wv. hni∏v A·n-t]m-se-bmWv Pzen-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Pzen-

®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂ A·n-bn-te°v hnd-Ip-Iƒ C´p-sIm-Sp-Øm¬ Ah

IØn-®m-º-em-Ipw. hni-∏m-Ip∂ A·nsb ian-∏n-°p-hm\pw Cc thWw.

]e-X-c-Øn-ep≈ Cc-Iƒ \ap°p thWw. Cu hnj-b-]-]-©-sa√mw

\ΩpsS Ima-\-I-fpsS D]-i-a-\-Øn-\m-bp-≈ Cc-I-fm-Wv. i_vZ-kv]¿i-

cq-]-c-k-K-‘m-Zn-I-fmb Cc-Isf Xn∂mWv Poh≥ IqØm-Sp-∂-Xv.

Xn∂mepw Xn∂mepw Xocn-√. ho≠pw ho≠pw Cu hnj-b-ßƒ h∂p-

sIm≠ncn°pw.

F∂m¬ Cu ssPhn-I-]-In-b-°-∏p-dØv Hcp ssZhn-I-]-In-b-bp-

≠v. \nivvN-e-ambn \n¬°p∂ km£n-kz-cq-]-\mb Adn-hn-t\m-Sp≈ B`n-

apJyw P\n-°p-∂-Xm-W-Xv. B Adnhv As√-¶n¬ Bfl-⁄m\w h∂p-

wt]mbpw Ccn-°p∂ Xc-Ønep-≈X-√. AXv GI-am-Wv. B GIw At\-

I-XIƒs°√mw Imc-Whpw A[n-jvTm-\-hp-am-Wv. Rm≥ B-cmWv? F∂tNmZy-Øn\v Rm≥ GI-am-Wv, Rm≥ Adn-hp-X-s∂-bmWv F∂ DØ-c-

amWv e`n-°p-∂-Xv. Cu al-Ømb Adn-hns‚ ]kv p-c-W-ß-fmWv_m°n-bp-ff F√mw.

67KW-\-bn¬\n∂p Ihn-™-sXm∂p km[m˛

cW-anh c≠p-sam-gn-s™m-c-\y-cq]w

\n\-hn-ep-an-√Xp \nZ-bn-¶epw ta˛

en\-\-K-c-Øn-ep-sa-ßp-an√ \q\w.

KW-\-bn¬ \n∂v ˛ Cµn-b-Øn-t‚bpw a\- n-t‚bpw

IW-°p-Iq-´-ep-Iƒ°v

Ihn-™Xv H∂v ˛ A∏pd-Øp-≈ H∂v.

km[m-cWw ˛ Cµn-b-ßƒsIm≠pw a\- p-

sIm≠pw KWn-®-dn-bm-hp∂ H∂v.

Ch c≠pw Hgn™ ˛ Ch c≠pw IqSmsX

Hcp A\y-cq]w ˛ thsd Fs¥-¶n-epw- X-c-Øn-ep≈

Hcp A-dnhv

\n\-hnepw C√ ˛ DW¿∆nepw C√,

CXp \nZ-bn-¶epw ˛ Dd-°-Ønepw C√,

ta¬ C\-\-K-c-Ønepw ˛ kz]v\Ønepw C√.

Fßpw C√ ˛ Fhn-sSbpw C√.

\q\w ˛ CXp Xo¿®-bm-Wv.

Adn-hns‚ taJ-e-Isf c≠mbn ]Ip-Øp-h®v a\- n-em-°p-∂Xv

imkvXo-b-amb Hcp coXn-bm-Wv. Nne a\p-jy¿ kwkm-cn-°p-tºmƒ ]eXpw

Iq´n-°p-g®p kwkm-cn-°pw. Ah¿ Nn¥n-°p-∂Xpw Aß-s\-X-s∂-bm-Wv.

At∏mƒ Aß-s\-bp-≈h-cpsS Nn¥°v Hcp ASp°pw apdbpw

D≠m°ns°mSp-t°-≠Xv Kpcp-hns‚ [¿Ω-am-Wv. Kpcp ]d-bp∂ Cu hn -

P\w ]m›m-Xy-Nn-¥-Icpw AwKo-I-cn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. H∂v tkm]m-[n-I-amb

Adnhv (relative knowledge). KW\ F∂ hm°p tIƒ°p-tºmƒ

AXv shdpw IW-°p-Iq- ¬ amX-a-√. F√m-Ø-c-Øn-ep≈ Cµn-bm-\p- -h-

ßfpw AXp-t]mse t_m[˛At_m-[˛A¿[-t_m-[-]-In-b-Ifpw ChnsS

]d-bp∂ KW-\-bpsS ]cn-K-W-\-bn¬ hcp-∂-Xm-Wv.

At∏mƒ KW-\-bn¬s]Sp∂ Adnhv km[m-c-W-am-Wv. km[m-cW

Adnhv At\-I-am-Wv. C\n ]d-bm≥t]m-Ip∂ Adnhv tbmKm-\p- q-Xn-bn¬

ssIh-cp∂ tbmKn-bpsS sXfn-hp‰ D≈-am-Wv. _p≤n-sIm≠v Nn¥nt®m

Cµn-b-ßƒsIm≠v KWnt®m Adn-bm-hp∂ KW-Øn¬ s] -X√ Cu

Adn-hv. CXv F√m Adn-hnepw Ihn™ Adn-hm-Wv. Im‚ v ]d-bp∂

transcendental knowledge - AXo-X-⁄m\w Cu c≠v ]´n-I-bn¬

s]Sm-Ø-Xmbn aq∂m-a-sXmcp Xc-Øn-ep≈ Adnhpw C√ F∂p Kpcp

JWvUn-X-ambn ]d-bp-∂p.

Nne aX-K-Ÿ-ß-fn-sems° s]cp∏n®p ]d-™p-t]m-cmdp≈ hy‡n-

K-X-amb hn`am-fl-I-amb (hallucinatory) A\p- -h-ß-sf-t∏mepw km[m-

cW Adn-hns‚ KW-Ønte Kpcp s]Sp-Øn-bn- p-f-fq. C°mcyw kwi-b-

te-i-at\y \nßƒ°p kzoI-cn-°mw. C\-\-Kcw F∂Xv kz]v\-Øns‚

-tem-I-am-Wv. a\ v FX k¶-ev]n-®mepw AsX√mw km[m-cW Adnhp

amX-am-Wv. At∏mƒ KW-\-bn¬\n∂pw KW-\m-Xo-X-ambn t_m[sØ

Db¿Øn-sb-SpØv \ncp-]m-[n-I-amb ⁄m\-k-º-∂-X-bn¬ Pohn-°p-∂-

h\v temIw _‘-\-a-√. hnjm-Z-Ønt\m \ncm-ibvt°m hiw-h-Z-\m-tI≠

Imcy-an-√. kwK-c-ln-X-ambn Ah\p Pohn-°m≥ Ign-bpw.

68 Ac-h-h-Sm-Ir-Xn-t]m-e-l-¥ -c-≠m˛

bdn-hn-ep-aw-Kn-bnepw IS-°-bmte

Hcp Ipdn-bmcy-bn-Xn-ß-\m-cy-bm-Ip˛

s∂mcp-I-pdn-sb-∂p-W-tc-W-aq-l-imen.

Ac-h-h-Sm-Ir-Xn-t]m¬ ˛ Ib-dns‚ BIm-csØ ]mºmbn

sX‰n-≤-cn-°p-∂-Xp-t]mse

Al¥ ˛ Poh≥

c≠mbv ˛ c≠p [mc-bmbn

Adn-hnepw ˛ Bfl-k-Ø-bn-te°pw

AwKn-bnepw ˛ A\m-fl-k-Ø-bn-te°pw

IS-°-bmte ˛ Htc-t]mse ]th-in-°p-∂-Xp-sIm≠v

Hcp Ipdn ˛ Bfl-h-i-Øp-\n∂pw t\m°p-tºmƒ

Bcy ˛ ap‡n-bn-te°p \bn-°p∂

Adn-hmbpw

Hcp Ipdn ˛ A\m-fl-h-i-Øp-\n∂pw

t\m°p-tºmƒ

CXv Cßv ˛ CXv ChnsS

A\m-cy-bm-Ip∂p ˛ _‘-Im-c-W-ambpw Xocp∂p.

F∂v ˛ F∂Imcyw

Dul-imen ˛ a\-\-io-e≥

DW-tcWw ˛ A\m-flm-hn¬\n∂pw Bflm-hn-

te°p DW¿∂p a\- n-em-°-Ww.

Hmtcm Ip™pw ChnsS P\n®phogp-tºmƒ c≠p Xc-Øn-ep-ff

km[y-X-Iƒ Ah-\n¬ h∂p `hn-°m≥ CS-bp-≠v. H∂p-In¬ Ah≥

sX‰mb Adn-hns‚ taml-h-e-b-Øn¬ Ipcpßn IjvS-\-jvS-ß-fpsS IW-

°p-Iƒ ]d™v Pohn-°p∂ kmam-\y-P-\-ß-fn¬ Hcp-h-\m-bn-Øo-cpw. As√-

¶n¬ Ah≥ ]c-a-]p-cp-jm¿∞-amb ap‡n-bn-te°p \bn-°p∂ Adn-hns\

kzoI-cn®v B am¿§-Øn-eqsS Ncn®v ]q¿Æ\pw kzX-¥-\p-am-bn-Øo-cpw.

Cu c≠p hgn-Ifpw \ΩpsS apºn¬ Ds≠-¶nepw GXp Xncs™-Sp-°-

W-sa∂ \n›bw hcp-Øp∂Xv \Ω-fpsS AXp-h-sc-bp-≈ Pohn-X-Øns‚

kz`mhw A\p-k-cn-®m-bn-cn-°pw.

Hmtcm Ip™pw P\n-°p-∂Xv Iptd ]q¿∆-kva-c-W-I-fp-am-bn- mWv. Bkvac-W-Iƒ \ΩpsS km[m-cW kvac-W-Iƒt]mseb√. Ahy-‡-X-e-

Øn¬ ]h¿Øn-°p∂ t]c-W-I-fm-Wv. At∏mƒ AXns\ hmk\F∂mWv hnfn-°p-I. hmk-\-bpsSIqsS \ΩpsS Hmtcm Znh-ksØ Pohn-

X-kw-kvI-c-W-hpw-IqSn tN¿°-s∏-Spw. At∏mƒ hmk-\bpw kwkvIm-chpwHcp hy‡n-bmb F∂n¬ ]h¿Øn-°p-∂p. Aß-s\-bp≈ Rm≥ ]c-

aamb Adn-hn-te°v Xncn™v A[n-jvTm-\-k-XysØ Adn-bm≥ XpS-ßp-∂Xv Bcy-bm-Wv. As√-¶n¬ tijvT-amb H∂m-Wv.

F∂m¬ ]nbm-]n-b-ß-fpsS I¿XrXzw Gs‰-Sp-Øn-´p-≈ AwKn-bn-emWv Rm≥ h¿Øn-°p-∂-sX-¶n¬ AXv A\m-cybmb Adn-hm-Wv. CXp

t_m[n-∏n-®p-X-cp-hm≥ th≠n thZm-¥n-Iƒ D]-tbm-Kn-°m-dp-≈ HcpZrjvSm-¥-sØ-bmWv Kpcp ChnsS amXr-I-bmbn FSp-Øn- p-≈Xv. Nne¿

shfn-®-°p-d-hp-sImt≠m at‰m Npcp-≠p-IqSn InS-°p∂ Ibdp ImWp-tºmƒ AXp ]mºm-sW∂p \n\®p `b-hn-lz-√-cm-Im-dp-≠v. Ib-dn¬

]mºns\ ImWp-∂Xv Adnhp Xs∂-bm-Wv. F∂m¬ AXv Chn-S-sØkµ¿`-Øn¬ A\m-cy-bm-Wv. \mw ]m]-©n-I-Zr-iy-ß-fn¬ kXysØ

Z¿in-°p-tºmƒ B Adnhv A\m-fl-I-am-Wv. F∂m¬ Ib-dn¬]mºns\ I≠ B BƒXs∂ shfn®w hcp-tºmƒ Ib-dn¬ I≠

]mºns\ \ncm-I-cn®v Ib¿ F∂ kXysØ Xncn-®-dn-bp-∂p. CXvBcy-bm-Wv. \ap°pw ]]-©-Zr-iy-ßsf \ncm-Icn®v A[n-jvTm-\-amb

Bfl-k-Øsb km£m-XvI-cn-t°-≠-Xm-bn- p-≠v. C°mcyw Cu t«mI-Øns‚ LS-\sb shfn-s∏-Sp-Øm≥ klm-b-I-am-bn-cn-°pw.

69ipXn apXemw XpcKw sXmSp-sØm-cm-fl-

]Xn-a-sbgpw Ic-W-]-ho-W-\mfpw

cXn-c-Y-ta-dn-b-l¥ cay-cq]w

]Xn ]pdta s]cp-am-dn-Sp-∂-Pkw.ipXn apXemw ˛ Cµn-b-ß-fnsem∂mb sNhn

apX-emb

XpcKw sXmSpØv ˛ IpXn-c-Isf ]q´n

Hcp Bfl-]-Xn-a-sbgpw ˛ Bflm-hns‚ ]Xna Fgp-∂≈p∂

IcW]ho-W≥ Bfpw ˛ a\-s ∂ kmcYn \nb-¥n-

°p-∂-Xp-amb

cXn-c-Y-tadn ˛ cXn-bm-Ip∂ cY-Øn¬ Ibdn

Al¥ ˛ Al¥

]pdta ˛ ]pd-Øp-≈

cay-cq]w]Xn ˛ kpJ-hn-j-b-ßƒs°m∏w

APkw ˛ ho≠pw ho≠pw

s]cp-am-dn-Sp∂p ˛ Np‰nØn-cn-™p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p.

PohnXw Hcp bmX-bm-Wv. \mw Hmtcm-cp-Øcpw B bmXbn¬]¶m-fn-I-fm-Wv. Cu bmX XpS-ßn-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv Ft∂m kw`-hn® Hcp

A⁄m-\-Øn¬ \n∂m-Wv. Fhn-sS-tbm-h®v Rms\s∂ ad-∂p-t]m-bn.FX Hm¿Ωn-®n´pw Fhn-sS-bmWv Rm≥ Ccn-°p-∂-sX∂v F\n-°-dn-

bm≥ Ign-bp-∂n-√. Ahn-sS-\n-∂mWv \mw bmX Bcw-`n-°p-∂-Xv.Aßs\ Hcp bmX-bpsS ca-Wo-b-amb Hcp NnXoI-c-W-amWv Cu

t«mIw. \mw bmX sNøm≥ Hcp hml\sØ Bi-bn-°p-∂p-≠v. cXn-cYw F∂mWv B hml-\-Øns‚ t]cv. AXnse k©m-cn-bm-bn-cn-

°p∂ Rm≥ ]Xna IW-s°-bmWv Ccn-°p-∂-Xv. ]Xna Poh-\m-Wv.Bflm-hns‚ ]Xn-_nw-_-cq-]-amWv Poh≥. Rm≥ ]Xn-a-bm-bn-S-Øp-

\n-∂mWv F\n°v bmX sNtø≠nh∂-Xv.

Fs‚ cY-Øn\p A©p IpXn-c-Iƒ D≠v. ⁄mt\-µn-b-ß-fm-Ip∂

A©v IpXn-c-Iƒ. Gsd ]ho-W-\mb a\-s ∂ Ic-W-amWv IpXn-c-I-fpsS ISn-™m¨ ]nSn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. ]t£ IpXn-c-Iƒ°m-Is´ kpJ-

hn-j-b-ß-fn¬ IpXn-®p-]m-bm-\mWv hyK-X. kpµ-c-cq-]-ßfpw arZp-kv]¿i-ßfpw lrZy-amb cpNn-Ifpw hmk-\-Ifpw I¿Æm-\-µ-I-c-amb

i_vZ-ßfpw Cµn-b-ßsf -c-an-∏n®p-sIm-t≠-bn-cn-°p-∂p. F∂mWv CubmX°v Hcp Adp-Xn-bp≈Xv? Rm≥ F∂nse Fs∂ Adn-b-Ww.

Rm≥ thsd Fhn-sS-bp-a-√. Rm≥ F∂n-em-sW∂v Adn-b-Ww. At∏mƒbmX Ah-km-\n-®p. Bflm-hn¬ Rm≥ \n›-e-\m-Ipw. F∂nse Ima-

\-IfpsS Xo AW-bpw. IpXn-c-Ifpw tXcm-fnbpw cY-N-I-ßfpw aqS¬a-

™n¬ kqcy-In-c-W-ßƒ Gev°p-tºmƒ Aen-™p-t]m-Ip-∂-Xp-t]mse

Xntcm-`-hn-°pw.

70 Hcp cXn- X-s∂-b-l-¥-bn-µn-bm¥x

Ic-W-I-tf-_-c-sam-∂n-sXm-s°-bmbn

hncn-bp-an-Xn∂p hncm-a-saßp thdm˛

adn-h-h-s\-∂-dn-thm-f-tam¿Øn-tS-Ww.

Hcp cXn-Xs∂ ˛ Htc Hcp B\µw Xs∂-bmWv

Al¥ ˛ A-l-¥-bmbpw

Cµnb ˛ Cµn-b-ßfpw

A¥x-I-cW ˛ A¥°-c-W-ßfpw

Itf-_cw ˛ ico-chpw

F∂n-sXm-s°-bmbn ˛ F∂n-h-sb√mw Bbn

hncnbpw ˛ thsd-th-sd-bmbn Xo¿∂n-Sp∂Xv.

thdmw Adn-h-h≥ ˛ Adn-bp-∂-h-\mb Rm≥ thsd

F∂-dn-thmfw ˛ F∂p a\- n-em-°p-∂n-S-tØmfw

CXn∂p ˛ Cu \m\m-Xz-`-a-Øn\p

hncm-a-saßv? ˛ hncm-a-sa-ßs\ D≠m-Im-\mWv?

Hm¿Øn-tSWw ˛ \∂mbn C°mcyw Hm¿Ω thWw.

B\µw Ht∂-bp-≈q. AXv Bflm-\-µ-am-Wv. Bflm-hns\amXta B\-µ-Øns‚ tkmX- mbn Adn-bm≥ ]mSp-≈q. thsd F√mwI]-S-tkm-X- p-I-fm-Wv. anYym-Xzw-sIm-≠mWv \Ωƒ Atßm´v Hen-®p-t]m-Ip-∂-Xv. hy‡n-i-co-c-Øn\v D]m-[n-I-fn-eqsS amX-amWv Adn-bm≥ Ign-bp-∂p-≈q. Al-¥, A¥°-c-W-ßƒ, Cµn-b-ßƒ, icocwCsX√mw hy‡n-]-c-amb D]m-[n-I-fm-Wv. Hmtcm a\p-jy-\nepw CuD]m-[n-Iƒ°v hyXym-k-ap-≠m-bn-cn-°pw. Nne Bfp-I-fpsS IÆp-Iƒ°v\√ ImgvN-i-‡n-bm-Wv. F∂m¬ thsdm-cmƒ°v h¿Æ-ßsf Xncn-®-dn-bm-\m-hp-I-bn-√. Nne¿°v F√mw Bg-Øn¬ Nn¥n-®-dnbm-\m-Ipw. a‰pNne¿°m-Is´ FX tI´mepw a\- n-em-hp-I-bn-√. CXv Bflm-hns‚tZmjw-sIm-≠-√. Bflm-hns\ ad-®p-h-®n-cn-°p∂ D]m-[n-I-fpsS tZmjw-sIm-≠m-Wv. D]m-[n-Iƒ°v Cu tZmjw ssIh-∂n-cn-°p-∂Xv \ΩpsShnI-e-amb I¿Ω-ßƒsIm-≠m-Wv. At∏mƒ I¿Ω-Øn¬ ip≤o-I-cWwsIm≠p-h-c-Ww. D]m-[n-I-fpsS tZmjsØ Xo¿Øv Bfl-kz-cq-]sØ Fß-s\tbm Aß-s\-Xs∂ ImW-Ww.

Htc-sbmcp B\µw amXta D≈q. Bflmhv Ht∂-bp-≈q-sh-¶n¬B\-µhpw ]e-Xm-Im≥ CS-bn-√. D]m-[n-t -Zw-sIm≠p amX-amWv hnj-b-t`m-K-Øn-\p-ff Xzc hcp-∂-Xv. AXns‚ ImcWw Kpcp shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂Xv A\p- -hn-°p∂ hnj-bhpw A\p-t`m-‡mhpw thsd-th-sd-bm-sW∂v Adn-bp-∂-Xp-sIm-≠m-Wv. Bflm-\-µ-Øn¬ Cu th‰p-a-bn-√.hnj-b-t`m-K-ØnemWv t`Zw hcp-∂-Xv. AXp-sIm≠v F√m t`mK-ßƒ°pw Hcp AdpXn hcp-Ø-W-sa-¶n¬ Bfl-cXn H∂p amX-amWvkXy-am-bn-´p-≈q F∂ A\p-`-h-\njvT B¿÷n-°p-I-bmWv th≠-Xv.

71kh-\-sam-gn™p ka-Xz-am¿∂p \nev]o˛

eh-\n-bn-em-cp-a-\mZn eoe-btX

Ahn-c-f-am-Ip-an-Xm-I-th-b-dn-™m˛

eh-\-Xn-c‰ kpJw `hn-®n-Sp-∂p.

kh-\-sam-gn™v ˛ P\-\hpw ac-Whpw C√msX

Ah-\n-bn¬ ˛ temI-Øn¬

Bcpw ˛ Bcpw-Xs∂

ka-Xz-am¿∂p ˛ \n›-e-amb \ne-bn¬

\nev]oe ˛ \n¬°p-∂n√.

A\m-Zn-eo-e-btX ˛ P\-\hpw ac-Whpw Pohn-Xhpw

BZn-bn-√m-sØmcp eoe-bm-Wv.

Ahn-cf-amIpw ˛ apS-°-an-√msX \S-°p∂

CXv BIth ˛ Cu ]In-b-Isf ]q¿Æ-ambpw

Adn-™m¬ ˛ B\p-`q-Xn-I-ambn Adn-™m¬

Ah\v ˛ B ⁄m\n°v

AXn-c‰ ˛ AXn-cp-I-fn-√mØ

kpJw ˛ ]c-am-\µw

`hn-®n-Sp-∂p ˛ e`n-°p∂p.

`mK-h-X- -‡-∑m¿ ]]-©sØ K-hms‚ eoe-bm-bn- mWv Z¿in-°p-

∂-Xv. `K-hm≥ Hcp sIm®p-Ip-™n-s\-t∏mse ]]-©-c-N\ \SØn Ifn-

°p-∂p. B `K-hms‚ Nmb-°q- p-I-fn¬\n∂pw Dcphw sIm≈p∂ \mw

Pohn-XsØ Icp-∏n-Sn-∏n®v sIm≠p-h-cptºm-tg°pw K-hm≥ ]pXnb Nmb-

ßƒ tX®v \sΩ ambv®p-I-f-bpw. AhnsS thsdmcp NnXw hc-bv°pw.

]]-©-kr-jvSn°v Hcp tkmt±-iy-X-bp-s≠∂v ]d-bp-Ibpw AsX-¥m-

sW∂v Is≠-Øm≥ ian-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ XØz-Nn-¥m-hn- m-K-ß-fp-≠v.

F∂m¬ Aßs\ Hcp e£yhpw C√ F∂pw hmZn-°p-∂-h-cp-≠v.

Cu c≠p KW-Ønepw \mcm-b-W-Kpcp ]d-bp∂ A\m-Zn-eo-esb

Dƒs∏-Sp-Øm≥ Ign-bp-Ibn-√. \sΩ kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØmfw A\m-Zn-

eo-e-bn¬ ]q¿Æ-ambpw \Ωƒ ]¶m-fn-I-fm-bn-´n-√. AXp-sIm≠v B

eoe-bn¬ Dƒt®-cpI F∂p-≈-XmWv \ΩpsS kp\n›n-X-amb Dt±-iyw.

Aßs\ ]]-©-eo-e-bn¬ Dƒt®-cp-∂-Xn¬ XS w \n¬°p∂ hy‡n-

K-X-amb Al-¥sb \n¿Ωm¿÷\w sNøm-\p-≈ iaw \mw \S-tØ-

≠-Xm-Wv. ]k-hn-°p-∂-Xn-s\-bmWv kh\w F∂v Dt±-in-°p-∂-Xv. Cu

]I-c-W-Øn¬ Bflm-hn-emWv ]k-h-ßƒ \S-°p-∂-Xv. ]k-hn-°pI

amX-a-√, ]Xn-]-k-hn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p-≠v. GsXmcp K¿`-

Øn¬\n∂pw H∂v PmX-amtbm B K¿`m-i-b-Øn-te-°p-Xs∂ AXns\

Xncn-s®-Sp-°p-∂-Xn-s\-bmWv ]Xn-]-khw F∂p ]d-bp-∂-Xv. ]k-hhpw

]Xn-]-k-hhpw Fs∂∂pw Bflm-hn¬ \S-∂p-sIm-t≠-bn-cn-°p-∂p.

Hcp apSn-hp-an-√.

]n.Un Hukvs]≥kvIn F∂ Nn¥-Is‚ ]kn-≤-amb Hcp KŸ-

amWv Tertium Organum. At±lw djy-bn¬ P\n® Hcp anÃn-°mb

Kp¿Pn-^ns‚ injy\m-Wv. Hukvs]≥kvIn ]q¿Æ-tØbpw (whole)Awi-tØbpw (part) kw_-‘n-°p∂ Hcp XØz-hn-Nmcw Cu KŸ-

Øn¬ \S-Øp-∂p-≠v. ]q¿Æw F∂m¬ AXn¬ At\Iw Awi-ßƒ

D≠m-Imw. DZm-l-c-W-Øn\v Hcp cq]bn¬ \qdp ss]k-Iƒ tN¿∂ncn-

°p∂p. \qdp ss]k-Iƒ tN¿Øp-h-®m¬ Hcp cq]-bmIpw F∂p-≈Xv

\ΩpsS km[m-cW KW-\-bm-Wv. Cu KW\ \Ω-fpsS Nn¥-bn¬

Fs∂∂pw hmkvX-h-am-bn-cn-°p-∂p.

F∂m¬ Bflm-hns\ kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØmfw Cu KW\ hne-t∏m-

Ip-∂n-√. FÆ-a‰ \ma-cq-]-ß-fmWv ]]©w F∂p ]dbmw. AXv At\-

I-am-Wv. GI-amb Bflm-hmWv Cu \ma-cq-]-ßƒ°v A[n-jvTm-\w.

F∂m¬ F√m \ma-cq-]-ß-tfbpw Iq´n-h-®mepw Bflm-hns‚ ]q¿ÆXIn´p-I-bn-√. \ma-cq-]-ßsf \ncm-I-cn®v ]q¿Æ-amb Bflm-hns\

H∂mbn Adn-b-Ww. AXns\-bmWv A¥¿⁄m\w F∂p ]d-bp-∂-Xv. \mcm-b-W-Kpcp AXp-sIm-≠mWv Ahn-c-f-am-Ip∂ Cu kh-\-]-

In-b-Isf BIth Adn-bWw F∂p ]d-bp-∂-Xv. At∏mƒ Ah≥]c-am-\-µ-Øns‚ koa-b‰ thyma-Øn¬ aXn-a-d∂mÀm-Zn-°p-∂p.

72Inb-sbmcp Iqdn-X-hnZy; tIhew Nn˛

∑bn adp-Iq-dnXp hnZy; amb-bmte

\nb-X-an-Xn-ßs\ \nev°n-epw ]ncn-™˛

±zb-]-c- m-h\ Xpcy-ta-In-Sp∂p.

Inb Hcp Iqdv ˛ Hcp hi-Øp-\n∂pw t\m°p-tºmƒ

Inb-Iƒ \S-°p-∂p.

CXv AhnZy ˛ CXv Ahn-Zy-bm-Wv.

adp Iqdv ˛ CXns‚ FXn¿h-i-Øp-\n∂pw

t\m°n-bm¬

tIhew Nn∑bn ˛ GI-amb Adn-hns‚ \ndhp amXw.

CXv hnZy ˛ CXv hnZy-bm-Wv.

amb-bmte ˛ amb ImcWw

CXv Cßs\ ˛ hnZybpw Ahn-Zybpw Cßs\

\nbXw ˛ F∂pw

]ncn-™p-\n-ev°nepw ˛ thdn´p \n¬°p-sa-¶nepw

B Zzb-]-c-`m-h\ ˛ hnZy, AhnZy F∂ ssZz-X-Øn-\-

∏p-dØp≈ Bfl-t_m-[sØ

[ym\n-°p-∂-Xn-eqsS

Xpcy-ta-In-Sp∂p ˛ Xpco-bm-\p-`qXn D≠m-Ip∂p.

a\p-jy≥ Fs¥√mw sshhn-[y-ap≈ I¿Ω-ß-fmWv sNbvXp-sIm-

≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xv! Hcp arK-Øns‚ Pohn-X-Øn¬ CX-amXw k¶o¿Æ-X-Iƒ H∂pw ImWp-∂n√. a\p-jy≥ Inb-Iƒ sNøp-∂Xv ^tem-t±-iy-tØm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bm-Wv. Ipd®p kpJ-Øn¬\n∂v IqSp-X¬ kpJ-amWv F√mI¿Ω-ß-fp-tSbpw e£yw. Akw-kvIr-X-h-kvXp-°sf kwkvI-cn-°-W-sa-¶n¬ AXn¬ a\p-jy≥ Ahs‚ A≤zm-\sØ sNep-tØ-≠-Xm-bn-´p≠v. Aß-s\-bmWv imkvXw Hmtcmtcm I≠p-]n-SnØ-ßƒ \S-Øn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Imep-sIm≠p \S-°m-hp∂ a\p-jy≥ Imdpw hnam-\hpw I≠p-]n-Sn-®Xpw \n¿Ωn-s®-Sp-ØXpw Inb-I-fn-eq-sS-bm-Wv. kpJ-Øn-\p-th≠n Inb-Iƒ sNbvXp-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂Xv Ahn-Zy- ImcW-am-Wv. Fs¥-∂m¬ kpJw Inb-IfpsS kz`m-h-a-√. Bflm-hns‚ kz`m-h-am-Wv. Bflm-hns‚ kz`m-h-am-bn-cn-°p∂ kpJ-Øn-\p-th≠n IW-°n-√msX Inb-Iƒ sNbvXpIq´n-bn-s´¥p Imcyw?

AXp-sIm≠v bmK-ßfpw b⁄-ßfpw AXp-t]m-sebp≈ A\p-jvTm-\-ßfpw Bfl-km-£m-XvIm-c-Øn\p t]m’m-l-\o-b-ß-f-√. i¶-cm-Nm-cy¿ ⁄m\-sØ-bmWv I¿Ω-Øns‚ ÿm\Øv Bfl-km-[-I-ambn ImWp-∂-Xv. ⁄m\-e-_v[n-°p-th≠n I¿Ωw sNøp-∂-Xn-eqsS⁄m\-I¿Ω-k-ap-®-b-tZmjw kw`-hn-°p-sa∂v i¶m-cm-Nm-cy¿ ]d-bp-∂p. I¿Ω-ß-fpsS adp-]p-d-ambn hcp-∂Xv ⁄m\-am-Wv. Nn∑-b-am-bn-cn-°p∂ t_m[sØ Adn-bp-∂-XmWv ChnsS hnZy F∂p ]d-bp-∂-Xv.hnZy Hcp ⁄m\-]-In-b-bm-Wv. AXv B¥-cn-I-ambn Adn-tb≠ H∂m-Wv. AXn\p I¿Ω-Øns‚ Bh-iy-an-√. Cßs\ hnZybpw Ahn-Zybpwc≠mbn ]ncn-™p-Xs∂ Ft∏mgpw \n¬°p-∂p. Ch c≠pw amb-bpsSA[o-\-X-bn¬ hcp-∂-Xm-Wv. Pohs‚ kwXp-e-\m-hÿ°v hnZybpwAhn-Zybpw ]c-kv]cw klm-b-I-ambn h¿Øn-°p-sa-¶nepw ]q¿Æ-amb

Bflm-\p-`-h-Øn\v Cu Zzµz-tØbpw D√w-Ln-t°-≠-Xm-bn-´p-≠v.Aßs\ Hcp Zzb-]-c- m-h-\-bmWv Xpco-bm-\p- q-Xn-bn-te°v \sΩ \bn-°p-∂-Xv.

73Hcp s]mcp-fn-¶-e-t\-I-ap-≠-t\Iw

s]mcp-fn-sem-c¿∞-hp-sa∂ _p≤n-bmte

Adn-hn-e-S-ßp-a-t`-Z-am-bn-sX-√m˛

hcp-a-dn-ho-e-Xn-tKm-]-\o-b-am-Ipw.

Hcp s]mcp-fn-¶¬ ˛ Hcp kØ-bn¬

At\-I-ap≠v ˛ At\Iw cq]-t`-Z-ßƒ kw`-hn-°p∂p.

At\Iw s]mcp-fn¬ ˛ At\Iw cq]-t`-Z-ß-fn¬

Hcp A¿∞-hpw ˛ Hcp A¿∞ambpw ÿnXn sNøp-∂p.

F∂ _p≤n-bmte ˛ Cu ⁄m\-ap-≠m-bm¬

At`-Z-ambn ˛ cq]-t`-Z-ß-sf√mw t]mbn

Adn-hn-e-Sßpw ˛ Adn-hns‚ GIm-fl-I-X-bn¬

- F√mw hne-bn-°pw.

CXv ˛ Cu Z¿i\w

F√m-hcpw Adn-hoe ˛ F√m-h¿°pw a\- n-em-°m≥

Ign-bp-∂n-√.

AXn-tKm-]-\o-b-amIpw ˛ CXp Xo¿Øpw cl-ky-amb

⁄m\-am-Wv.

`uXn-I-imkvXw ]]-©-Øns‚ kØsb At\z-jn®p sN∂-

t∏mƒ AXp am‰¿ BsW∂p a\- n-em°n. Htc-sbmcp am‰¿ Cu

]]-©-Ønse sshhn-≤y-ßsf ]ns∂ Fß-s\-bmWv P-\n-∏n-®Xv?

_lp-hn-[-amb ssPh-ssh-hn-≤y-ß-fn¬ F√mw Htc-sbmcp am‰¿

Xs∂-bmWv Ccn-°p-∂-sX∂p ]d-bp-tºmƒ \mw X¿°w ]d-bm-dn-√.

F∂m¬ temI-Ønse aX-ßƒ ]]-©-Øns‚ kjvSm-hmbn AZr-

iy-amb Htc-sbmcp Cuiz-cs\ ]Io¿Øn-°p-tºmƒ Nne¿ AXn¬

Ahn-iz-kn-°p-Ibpw Nne¿ Aan-X-ambn hniz-kn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.

Cuim-hm-tkym-]-\n-jØv XpS-ßp-∂-Xp-Xs∂ PK-Øn-se√mw

Cui≥ Bh-kn-°p-∂p-s≠∂p ]d-™p-sIm-≠m-Wv. Cu Zm¿i-\n-I-]-

tl-fn-Isb \ap°v Xo¿°m≥ Ign-bp-∂Xv, ]c-aamb Imc-W-Øn¬

\n∂mWv Cu temIw D≠m-b-sX∂pw FÆ-a‰ krjvSn-Pm-e-ß-fn-se√mw

B ]c-a-Im-cWw A¿∞-ambn Ccn-°p-∂p-s≠∂pw Adn-bp-∂-Xn-eqsS

Hcp ka-\z-b-_p≤n ssIh-cn-°p∂-Xn-eq-sS-bm-Wv. GIhpw At\-Ihpw

F∂p≈ Nn¥-t]mepw Ah-km\w Adn-hn¬ hneo-\-am-Ipw.

Adnhp amXta F√m AkvXn-X-Iƒ°pw Dd-hn-S-am-bn-cn-°p-∂p-≈q.

F√m-h¿°pw Cu XØzw Adn-bm≥ Ign-bm-ØXv F¥psIm-≠mWv?

Kpcp ]d-bp∂p: CXv tKm]y-am-sW-∂v. CXn-semcp cl-ky-kz-`m-h-ap-

≠v. hmk-\-bpsS i‡n-bmb X≈n-®-aqew Bfl-_p≤n sXfn-™p-In-

´m≥ hfsc ]bm-k-ap-≈-Xp-sIm-≠mWv Kpcp CXv tKm]-\o-b-am-sW∂p

]d-bp-∂-Xv. ]d-™p-sIm-Sp-Ømepw _p≤n-sIm≠v a\- n-em-°m-sa-∂-

√msX A\p-`q-Xn-bpsS Xe-Øn¬ hc-W-sa-¶n¬ hmk-\m-£bw

D≠mbn Bfl-tN-X-\-bn¬ \njvT D≠m-I-Ww.

74s]mSn-sbm-cp-`q-hn-e-kw-Jy-a-s∏m-Sn-°pƒ˛

s∏Sp-samcp `qhn-Xn-\n√ `n∂- mhw;

PU-a-a-cp-∂-Xp-t]mse NnØnepw Nn˛

ØpS-en-ep-an-ßn-Xn-\m-en-tXm¿°n-teIw.

s]mSn ˛ s]mSn

Hcp `qhn¬ ˛ Cu `qan-bn¬

AkwJyw ˛ FÆ-a-‰-XmWv.

B s]mSn°v Dƒs∏Spw ˛ B s]mSn-bpsSsb√mw

D≈m-bn-cn-°p∂

Hcp `qhv ˛ Htc-sbmcp `qan

CXn-\n√ `n∂-`mhw ˛ `qan-bn¬\n∂p thdn´v s]mSnt°m -

s]mSnbn¬\n∂p thdn´v `qant°m

D◊-bn-√.

AXp-t]mse ˛ AXp-t]mse

PUw NnØnepw Aa-cp∂p˛ PUw NnØn¬ D≈-en-bp∂p,

NnØv DS-enepw ˛ NnØv PU-amb DS-enepw

D≈-en-bp∂p

Cßv CXn-\m¬ ˛ CXp-sIm-≠p-Xs∂ ChnsS

Hm¿°n¬ ˛ a\\w sNbvXp t\m°n-bm¬

CXv ˛ NnØpw PUhpw

GIw ˛ H∂mWv.

Cu `qan apgp-h\pw s]mSn-sIm≠v IpØn-\n-d-®n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv.

Fs¥√mw Xc-Øn-ep≈ s]mSn-Iƒ? B[p-\n-I--imkvXw ]d-bp-∂Xv

]c-a-tc-Wp-°-ƒsIm≠mWv ]]-©-w \n¿Ωn-X-am-bn- p-≈Xv F∂m-Wv. Ce-IvtSmWpw t]mt´mWpw \yqtSmWpamWv Hcp B-‰-Øns‚ DƒL-S-I-ßƒ. Cß-s\-bp≈ FÆ-a‰ B‰-ßƒ ]]-©-\n¿Ωn-Xn-bn¬ ]¶p-tN¿∂n-cn-°p-∂p-≠v. Kpcp ChnsS `qan-bnse s]mSnsb DZm-l-cn®p]d-bp-tºmƒ hfsc hni-Z-amb A¿∞-Øn-emWv AXns\ a\- n-em-t°-≠-Xv. Ipih≥ Hcp IpSw D≠m-°n-bm¬ AXn-\p-]-tbm-Kn® Ifn-aÆv s]mSn-bm-Wv. B IpSw apgp-h≥ s]mSn-bmWv. B s]mSn-bn-se√mwIpSw Ccn-°p-∂p. IpS-Øn\v BIm-csØ \¬Ip-∂Xv s]mSn-bm-Wv.s]mSnsb hn´v IpS-Øn\ncn-°mt\m IpS-sØ-hn´v s]mSn°ncn-°mt\mIgn-bp-I-bn-√. Atßm´pw Ctßm´pw Dƒt®¿∂n-cn-°p∂ Cu AhÿXs∂-bmWv \ΩpsS Poh-\nepw D≈-Xv. \mw a\- n-t\bpw ico-c-tØbpw Nne-t∏m-sgms° c≠m°n a\- n-em-°n-t∏m-cm-dp-≠v.

sds\ sU°m¿ v F∂ ]m›m-Xy-Nn-¥-I-\mWv a\- n-t\bpw ico-c-tØbpw ]ncn-®p-h®v Nn¥-bvs°mcp cq]- -ZX sIm≠p-h-cp-hm≥ ian-®-Xv. F∂m¬ sU°m¿´ns‚ Nn¥ tcmKm-Xp-c-amb Hcp hy‡n-Xz-Øn-te-°mWv a\p-jys\ \bn-®-Xv. a\ pw ico-chpw cs≠∂p [cn-°p-∂-Xn-eqsS Pohn-X-Øns‚ Akw-Xp-en-Xm-hÿ XpS-ßp-I-bm-bn. AXp-sIm≠v Kpcp NnØpw PUhpw F∂p≈ hn`m-Ko-b-X-Iƒ Hcn-°epwkw -hn-®n- n-√- F∂pw PU-Øn¬ NnØ-a¿∂n-cn-°p-Ibpw NnØn¬ PU-a-a¿∂n-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p-s≠∂v shfn-s∏-Sp-Øn. Imev]-\n-I-ambna\p-jy≥ krjvSn-® t`Z_p-≤n-I-sf-sb√mw Kpcp ka-K-ambn ka-\z-bn-∏n-°p-I-bmWv ChnsS sNøp-∂-Xv.

75]IrXn Pew X\p t^\-am-gn-bm-flm˛

hl-a-l-sa-∂-e-bp-∂-Xq¿Ωn-Pmew

AI-a-e-cm¿∂-dn-shms° apØp-Xm≥ Xm≥

\pI-cp-h-Xm-a-ar-Xm-b-Xnßp \q\w.

]IrXn Pew ˛ ]IrXn Pe--kam\amWv.

X\p t^\w ˛ ico-c-ßƒ sh≈-°p-an-f-Iƒ

t]mse-bm-Wv.

Bgn Bflm ˛ Bflm-hn\p kmK-c-Øns‚

kz`m-h-am-Wv.

Alw Alw F∂v ˛ Rm≥ Rm≥ F∂v

Ae-bp-∂Xv ˛ e£y-an-√msX Ae-bp-∂Xv

Du¿Ωn-Pmew ˛ Xcw-K-\n-c-I-fmWv

AI-a-e-cm¿∂ ˛ Bfl-kq-\-ambn hncn™

Adn-shms° ˛ Adn-hp-I-sf√mw

apØp-Xm≥ ˛ ]c-am-Àm-Z-I-c-amb apØp-IfmWv.

Xm≥ Aar-Xm-b-Xnßv ˛ Hcp-h≥ Ahsb Aar-X_nµp-°-

fmbn ChnsS

\pI-cp-hXmw \q\w ˛ Xo¿®-bmbpw \pIcp∂p.

D]-a-I-fn-eq-tSbpw _nw_-ß-fn-eq-tSbpw ]Xo-I-ß-fn-eq-tSbpw

kwkm-cn-°p-∂Xv temIØv Fhn-sS-bp-ap≈ ]ucm-Wn-I-amb B≤ym-

fln-I-kw-ln-X-I-fpsS Hcp ]tXy-I-X-bm-Wv. B ]ucm-Wn-I-kw-kvIr-

Xn-bpsS IÆn apdn-bmØ irwJ-esb ]Xn-\n-[m\wsNøp∂ \mcm-

b-W-Kp-cphpw D]-a-I-fn-eq-sSX-s∂-bmWv Bflm-t\z-j-I-\n¬ Aar-

X-h¿jw sNmcn-bp-∂-Xv. Bflmhv Bgn-t]m-se-bm-Wv. Bgn Htc-k-

abw Bg-ap-≈Xpw A\-¥-hp-am-Wv. Cu Ah-\n-bn¬ Bgn-tb-°mƒ

tijvT-amb Hcp D]-asb thsd Hcp hkvXp-hnepw Z¿in-°m-\m-hp-

∂n-√. B Bgn-bnse Pew-t]m-se-bmWv ]Ir-Xn.

Pe-amWv Bgn°v kØ-bm-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. B Pew Ipan-f-Iƒ°v

cq]w sImSp-°p-tºmƒ AXns\ ]Ir-Xn-bn¬ ImWp∂ sshhn-[y-

am¿∂ ico-c-ß-fmbn ImW-Ww. \nc-\n-c-bmbn Ae-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂

Xcw-K-Pm-e-ßƒ Al-¥-bm-Wv. Xcw-K-\n-c-Iƒ F¥mWv At\z-jn-°p-∂Xv? Ah Ic-bn-te°v HmSn-b-W™v kzbw X√n-Ø-I¿∂v IS-

en¬Xs∂ Xncn®phne-bn-°p-∂p. AXp-t]m-se-bmWv ‘Alw’ hnj-b-ßƒ°p ]n∂mse Ae-™p-Xn-cn™v kzbw `·m-i-\mbn Bflm-

hn¬Xs∂ h∂phne-bn-°p-∂-Xv. Kpcp-hns‚ IrXn-I-fn¬ apgp-h≥ IS-en-s‚ NnX-ßƒ ho≠pw ho≠pw ]Xy-£-s∏´p ImWm-dp-≠v. Kpcp AX-

am-Xw IS-ens\ ASp-Ø-dn-™n-cn-°-Ww. B IS-en-\-Sn-bn¬ apØp-IƒHfn-™n-cn-°p-∂Xv D]-cn-X-e-Øn¬\n∂pw t\m°n-bm¬ ImWn-√.

BgØn-te°p t]mI-Ww. At∏mƒ apØp-I-fpsS IÆ-©n-°p∂ Ie-h-d-bn¬ \Ωƒ FØn-t®cpw . AXp-t]mse Bflm-hns‚ Bg-ß-

fn¬\n∂pw Adnhv DW¿∂p-h-cp-tºmƒ apØn-t\-°mƒ hne-bp≈ Bfl-kq-\-ß-fm-bn-cn°pw B Adn-hp-Iƒ. Aar-X-\n-jy-µn-bmb Cu A\p- -

h-ßsf Hcp ⁄m\n-bpsS Ft∏mgpap≈ Hcp Ah-ÿ-bm-sW∂p a\-

n-em-°-Ww.

76 aW-e-f-h‰p sNmcn™ hm]n-bn-t∑˛

eWn-b-Wn-bm-be hoin-Sp-∂-hÆw

A\r-X-]-c-ºc hoin-b-¥-cm-flm˛

hns\-b-Ita _lp-cq-]-am-°n-Sp-∂p.

aW¬ Af-h‰v ˛ Af-hn-√msX \nc-¥-c-ambn aW¬

sNmcn™ ˛ hoWp-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂

hm]n-bn-t∑¬ ˛ Ipf-Øn¬

AWn AWn-bmbv ˛ H∂n\p ]ndsI H∂mbn

Ae hoin-Sp∂ hÆw ˛ Ae-am-e-Iƒ D≠m-Ip-∂-Xpt]mse

A\r-X-]-c-ºc hoin ˛ Ak-XyßfpsS -]c-º-c-bm-Ip∂

Im‰p hoin

A¥-cm-flm-hns\ ˛ kz—-amb B¥-cn-I-t_m-[sØ

AIta ˛ AXn¬Xs∂

_lp-cq-]-am-°n-Sp∂p ˛ -]-e-cq-]-ß-fm°n tXm∂n-∏n°p∂p.

Bflmhv kz—hpw \n›ehp-amb Hcp Pe-cm-in-t]m-se-bm-Wv.ChnsS Hcp Ipf-Ønse Pe-Øn-t\m-SmWv Bflm-hns\ D]-an-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. B Ipf-Øn-te°v \nc-¥-c-ambn aW¬ hoWp-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. aW-ens‚ ]X-\m-Lm-X-Øm¬ Pe-Øn-\p-≠m-bn-cp∂ im¥n RvPn-°-s∏-Sp∂p. Ipfw apgp-h≥ Ae-am-e-I-fm¬ ]£p-_v[-am-bn. CXp-t]m-se-bmWv A¥-cm-flm-hns‚bpw kz`m-hw. s]mXpth kz—-am-bn-cn-°p∂Bflm-hn¬ hmk-\-I-fpsS Im‰p aqew _mly-hn-j-b-ßƒ h∂phoWvA¥cwKw Imdpw tImfpw sIm≠ IS¬t]m-se-bm-Ip-∂p. kuay-ambBfl-hn-ip≤n \nd-™n-cp-∂-t∏mƒ \mw Fhn-tSbpw Z¿in-®n-cp∂GIXs]mbvt]m-Ip-∂p. \m\m-Xz-`aw Df-hm-°p∂ ]]-©-kr-jvSn-Iƒ shdp-

∏p-f-hm-°p-∂-h-bmbpw Nne-t∏m-sgms° Bk‡n Df-hm-°p-∂hbmbpw

amdp-∂p. Pohn-X-Ønse F√mhn[ sshIm-cn-I-]-£p-_v[-X-Ifpw kw -

hn-°p-∂Xv CØ-c-Øn-em-Wv.

tSmƒtÃm-bn-bpsS A∂m-I-cn-\o\ F∂ hntizm-Ø-c-Ir-Xn-bn¬

A∂-bp-tSbpw Ico-\n-s‚bpw kam-[m-\-]q¿Æ-amb Pohn-X-Øn-te°p

IS-∂p-h∂ thm¨kvIn F∂ A∂-bpsS Imap-I≥ AXp-hsc \ne-

\n-∂n-cp∂ im¥-kp-µ-c-amb Pohn-XsØ Cf-°n-a-dn-°p-∂p. IpSpw-

_-_-‘-ßƒ BSn-bp-e-™p. kvt\l-Øn\p th≠n-bp≈ anYy-bmb

]c-°w-]m-®n-en¬ Dd® Hcp \new \jvS-s∏´v ]nSn-®p-\n¬°m-\m-

hmsX A∂ sdbn¬∏m-f-Øn¬ Xe-h®v Bfl-lXy sNøp-∂p.

tSmƒkvt‰mbn-bpsS Cu t\mh-ens‚ X\n-bm-h¿Ø-\-ßƒXs∂-

bmWv \Ω-fpsS Pohn-X-Ønse ]e kw`-h-ß-fpw. hnj-b-ßsf

Bflm-hns‚ kz—-am¿∂ Pe-cm-inbnte°v IS-Øn-hn-SmsX t\m°-

Ww. \mw \ΩpsS Bflm-hns\ AXns‚ kzm`m-hn-I-X-bn¬ im¥-

am-bn-cn-°m≥ amXw A\p-h-Zn-°p-I.

77]c-samcp hnÆp, ]c∂ i‡n Im‰m˛

adn-h-\-e≥, Pe-a-£, -an-µn-bm¿∞w

[c-Wn, -bn-Xn-ßs\b©p XØz-ambv \n˛

s∂cn-bp-an-Xns‚ cl-ky-taI-am-Ipw.

]c-samcp hnÆv ˛ ]c-a-amb Bflm-hmWv BImiw.

]c∂ i‡n Im‰mw ˛ k¿∆-hym-]n-bmb ambm-i-‡n-

bmWv Im‰m-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

Adnhv A\-e≥ ˛ Adnhv A·n-bmWv.

Pew A£w ˛ Cµn-b-ßƒ Pe-amWv.

Cµn-bm¿∞w [cWn ˛ Cµn-b-hn-j-b-ß-fmWv `qan.

CXn-ßs\ ˛ Cßs\ kØpw NnØpw Hcp

hyh-ÿ-bn¬

A©p XØz-ambv ˛ A©p XØz-ambn

\ns∂-cnbpw ˛ \ns∂-cn-™p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p.

CXns‚ clkyw ˛ A©p `qX-ßfpw Adn-hns‚

A©p `mh-ßfpw tN¿s∂-cn-bp∂

Cu clkyw

GI-amIpw ˛ GI-amWv.

]]©w Hcp hyh-ÿbmWv (system). B hyhÿ \nin-X-amb

Nne \nb-a-ß-fn-eq-sS-bmWv \S-∏n-em-bn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. _mly-tem-IØv

]]-©-Øn-s\mcp hyh-ÿ-bp-≈-Xp-t]m-e-Xs∂ B¥-cn-I-tem-IØpw Hcp

hyh-ÿ-bp-≠v. Cu c≠p hyh-ÿ-Ifpw H∂n-°p∂ Hcp k‘n-ÿm-\-hp-

ap-≠v. Cßs\ ka-kvXXtbbpw Dƒs°m-≈p∂ Hcp Nn¥m-kw-hn-[m-

\sØ]‰n ^ntPm v Im] ‘Pohs‚ amdme’ (Web of Life) F∂ KŸ-

Øn¬ khn-kvXcw N¿®sNøp-∂p-≠v. AIhpw ]pdhpw F∂ t`Z-an-√msX

ka-K-ambn Nn¥n-°p∂ Hcp LS-\-sb (structure) At±lw aptºm- p-h-

bv°p-∂p. systems thinking, network thinking, holystic thinking,organismic thinking - F-s∂m-s°bWv At±lw B Nn¥m-co-Xn°p

t]cp-sIm-Sp-Øn-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

\mcm-b-W-Kp-cp-hm-Is´ CsX√mw hfsc aptº ASp°pw apd-tbm-Spw-

IqSn Adn-bp∂ hn[w ]d-™p-X-∂n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. Hcp hiØv BIm-iw,-

hm-bp, A·n, Pew, ]rYn-hn- CsXms°-t®¿∂ _mly-]-]-©w. C\n B¥-

c-]-]-©-Øn-¬ XØp-ey-ambn ]c-a-amb t_m[w, ]c-∂-Sn-°p∂ ambm-i‡n,

\nXy-Po-hn-X-Øn¬ D≠m-Ip∂ tkm]m-[n-I-amb Adn-hp-Iƒ, Cµn-b-ßƒ,

Cµn-bm¿∞-ßƒ Ch A©n-t\bpw ]©- q-X-ß-fp-ambn X´n-®-dn-b-Ww.

BImiw \ap°v ]cn-Nn-X-am-Wv. F∂m¬ ]c-a-amb Bflm-Imiw \ap°v

]cn-Nn-X-a-√. AXp-sIm-≠mWv BIm-i-Øns‚ A\-¥-Xbpw Hu∂-Xyhpw

kq£va-Xbpw k¿∆-hym-]-I-Xbpw F√mw IW-°n-se-Sp-Øp-sIm≠v ]c-a-

amb t_m[sØ AXp-ambn tN¿Øp-h-bv°p-∂Xv.

hmbp-hns‚ i‡n A]-Xn-l-X-am-Wv. F√m-bn-SØpw ]c-∂-Sn-®p-sIm-

≠n-cn-°p∂ Im‰n-t\m-SmWv ambm-i-‡nsb _‘-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xv. Hcp

sNdnb AWp apX¬ BImiw hsc-bp≈ k¿h-Ønepw ambm-i‡n

Hfn™pw sXfn™pw hoip-∂p-≠v. t_m[-Øn-ep-≠mIp∂ F√m Adn-

hp-Ifpw A·n-X-Øz-am-Wv. Cµn-b-ß-fm-Is´ Pe-X-Øz-sØ-bmWv]Xn\n[m\w sNøp-∂-Xv. [c-Wnsb Cµn-b-hn-j-b-ß-fp-ambn tbmPn-∏n-®-dn-b-Ww. At∏mƒ \mw Nn¥n®v Hcn-°epw ImSp-I-bdn t]mhp-I-bn-√. tIh-e-t_m-[-Øn¬ Ch-sb√mw Hcp hyh-ÿ-tbm-Sp-IqSn s]cp-amdp-∂Xv Hcp km£n-sb-t∏mse t\m°n-°m-Wm≥ Ign-hp-≠m-Ipw. ]c-a-ambBÀm-Z-am-W-Xv.

78 ac-W-hp-an√ ]pd-∏p-an√ hmgvhpw

\c-kp-c-cm-Zn-bp-an√ \ma-cq]w

acp-hn-e-a¿∂ acoNn \ocp-t]m¬ \n˛

evs]mcps]mcpfmw s]mcp-f-√n-tXm¿Øn-tSWw.

ac-Whpw C√ ˛ ac-Whpw C√.

]pd∏pw C√ ˛ P\-\hpw C√.

hmgvhpw ˛ AXn-\n-S-bn-ep≈ Pohn-Xhpw C√.

\c-k-p-c-cm-Znbpw C√ ˛ a\p-jy≥, tZh-∑m¿ XpS-ßn-b-hcpan√.

\ma-cq]w ˛ Ch-sb√mw \ma-ßfpw cq]-ßfpw

amXamWv.

acp-hn¬ Aa¿∂ ˛ acp-`q-an-bn¬ ImWm-dp-≈

acoNn \ocp-t]m¬ ˛ Pe-]-Xo-Xn-t]mse

\nevs]mcp s]mcpfmw ˛ \ne-\n-¬°p∂ H∂m-WnXv.

CXv s]mcp-f√ ˛ \ma-cq-]-ß-sfm∂pw ]c-a-amb

kXy-a√.

Hm¿Øn-tSWw ˛ CXv Ft∏mgpw kvacn-°-Ww.

ac-W-amWv a\p-jys\ h√msX b-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xv. acn-°p-tºmƒ\ap°v ]eXpw \jvS-am-Ip-∂-Xp-t]mse tXm∂pw. Cu temI-ØnsekpJ-ßƒ ]ns∂ A\p-`-hn-°p-hm≥ Ign-bp-I-bn-√. ac-W-ap-≈-Xp-sIm≠v amX-amWv kXytØbpw ssZh-tØbpw a\p-jy≥ At\z-

jn-°p-∂-Xp-t]m-epw. ItTm-]-\njØn¬ arXyp-hns‚ h‡-Øn-te°vA`n-i-]vX-\mb \Nn-tI-X v [oc-X-tbmsS \S-∂p-sN∂v tNmZn-°p∂tNmZyw, arXyp-hns\ Fßs\ AXn-ew-Ln-°m≥ Ignbpw F∂p-≈-Xm-Wv. kn≤m¿∞-cm-P-Ip-am-c≥ ac-W-Øns‚ _o`-’-apJw I≠v`b∂pw ZpxJn®pw BWv sIm´mcw hn´v Cd-ßn-t∏m-b-Xv. ac-W-Øn-s\mcp ]cn-lm-c-ant√ F∂-dn-bm≥ th≠n.

Kpcp ]d-bp∂p, ac-Whp-an√. ‘Rm≥ ’acn-°p-∂n√. acn-°p-∂n-√ F∂p

amX-a√ Rm≥ P\n-®n- n√ F∂pw Kpcp kzbw ]d-bp-∂p. P\n-®n- n-√mØ

Kpcp-hn-s\-°p-dn-®mWv \mw X¿°n-°p-∂-Xv. P\n-®n- n-√mØ Hcp Kpcp-hns‚

t]cn-emWv \mw kwL-S-\-I-sfms° D≠m°n AWn-\n-c-°p-∂-Xv. Kpcp

ho≠pw ]d-bp∂p: F\n-s°mcp PohnXw D≠m-bn-cp-∂n√ F∂v.- B-tflm-

]-tZ-i-i-X-I-Øns‚ clkyw a\- n-em-°n-sb-Sp-°-W-sa-¶n¬ euIn-I-_p-

≤n-tbm-Sp-IqSn Nn¥n-°m≥ ]mSn-√. Bfl-_p≤n sXfn-™ph-c-Ww. Rm≥

Bflm-hm-sW-∂-dn-bp-tºmƒ imco-cn-I-amb AkvXn-X-bn¬\n-s∂√mw hnap-

‡-\m-bn. Bflm-hm-Is´ P\-\-a-c-W-ß-fn-√msX F∂pw \ne-\n¬°p-∂

D◊-bm-Wv.

ico-c-amWv P\n-°p-∂Xpw \ne-\n¬°p-∂Xpw acn-°p-∂-Xpw. Rm≥

ico-c-am-sW∂p Icp-Xp-∂-h¿ acn-°p-∂p. ico-c-Øn-s\-s¥-¶nepw £Xw

]‰n-bm¬ ZpxJn-°p-∂p. Pohn-X-Øn-ep-S-\ofw Ch¿ ]cm-Xn-Ifpw Ip‰-

s∏-Sp-Ø-ep-I-fp-ambn Pohn-®p-t]m-cp∂p. F∂m¬ Kpcp \Ωsf Bflm-

hn-te°p £Wn-°p-I-bm-Wv. AhnsS Rm≥, a\p-jy≥ t]mep-a-√.

AhnsS tZh-∑mtcm Akp-c-∑mtcm C√. Bfl-t_m[w DW¿∂-h\v

CsX√mw shdpw \ma-ßfpw cq]-ßfpw amX-am-Wv. Np´p-s]m≈p∂

shbn-ep-≈-t∏mƒ acp-`q-an-bn-eqsS Zml-P-e-Øn-\p-th≠n Ae-™p-Xn-

cn-bp-tºmƒ Aß-Ise Pem-ibw ImWp-∂p. sh≈w sI´n-°n-S-°p-

∂-Xp-t]mse. ]t£, FX \S-∂mepw B Pem-i-b-Øn-te°v \ap-°v

FØm≥ Ign-bp-∂n-√. ho≠pw ho≠pw AI-∂p-t]m-bvs°m-t≠-bn-cn-

°pw. AXp Im\¬P-e-am-Wv. Im\¬ F∂m¬ tXm∂¬ F∂m-

W¿∞w. Im\¬P-ew-sIm≠v Zmlw Xocp-I-bn-√. Im\¬P-e-Øn\p

bmYm-X-Yy-amb \ne-\n¬∏pw C√.

AXp-t]mse P\-\hpw ac-Whpw \ne-\n¬∏pw F√mw Bfl-ÿn-

X-\mb Hcp-h-\n¬ acp-`q-an-bn¬ ImWp∂ Pe-]-XoXn t]msebmWv.

AhnsS bYm¿∞-Øn¬ Pew D≠mtbm? Pew D≠m-bn- n-√. F∂mepw

\Ωƒ I≠p. Pew D≈-Xp-t]m-sebpw Pew \ne-\n¬°p-∂-Xp-t]m-

sebpw tXm∂n-∏n-®p. kqcys‚ ]Imiw Ipd-™p-h-∂-t∏mƒ Pe-]-

Xo-Xnbpw \jvS-ambn. CXp-t]m-se-sbm-s°-bmWv Pohn-X-Øns‚ Imcy-

hpw. s\Snb In\m-hmWv PohnXw F∂p ]d™ Kpcp-hn\v AtX kzc-

Øn¬Øs∂ ]dbmw ac-W-hp-an√ ]pd-∏p-an√ ]ns∂ F¥mWv

PohnXw?

79

P\n-k-abw ÿnXn-bn√ P∑n-b-\y˛

£W-a-Xn-en-√n-Xn-cn-∏-sX-]-Imcw?

l\-\-hp-an-ß-s\-X-s∂-bm-I-bmte

P\-\-hp-an-√nXp NnXv]- m-h-sa-√mw.

P\n-k-abw ˛ P-\n-°p∂ thf-bn¬

ÿnXn-bn√ ˛ P-∑n-sb∂ Ahÿ C√.

P∑n ˛ P-\n-°p-∂-h≥

A\y-£-W-a-Xn¬ ˛ P\n-°p∂ ka-b-Ø-√msX

C√ ˛ P-∑n°p \ne-\n-ev]p-an√

CXv Ccn-∏Xv F]-Im-cw ˛ Htc-k-abw D◊bpw C√m-bvabpw

H∂n-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv Fß-s\-bmWv

l\-\hpw Cßs\ Xs∂˛ P\-\-sØ-t∏m-se-X-s∂-a-c-Whpw

Cß-s\-X-s∂-bm-Wv.

BI-bmte ˛ AXp-sIm≠v

P\-\-hp-an√ ˛ P-\-\-hp-an-√, ac-W-hp-an-√.

CXv F√mw ˛ ChnsS ImWp-∂-sX√mw

NnXv ]`mhw ˛ Adn-hns‚ A¤p-X-I-c-amb

]`mhw amXw.

P\n-°pI F∂-sXmcp Inb-bm-Wv. Inb F∂m¬ Ne-\-am-Wv. Nen-

°p∂ H∂n\p \n›-e-X-bn-√. Inb-bn¬ AXp-sIm≠v ÿnXn-bn-√. P\\w

F∂ Inb \S-°p∂ thf-bn¬ P∑n°v AXn¬ ÿnXn-sN-øm≥ Ign-bp-I-bn-√. P\-\-ap-≈-h-\mWv P∑n. P∑n ssÿXn-I-amb Hcp \ne-bm-Wv.

AsXmcp ]In-b-b-√. Cu ]tl-fn-Im-P-\y-amb hmgvhns‚ cl-ky-Øn-te°v shfn®w hoip∂ Cu t«mIw [ym\m-fl-I-ambn Cg-]n-cn-s®-Sp-t°≠

H∂m-Wv. P\n-°p∂ ka-bØv P∑n C√m-Xn-cn-°p-Ibpw P\\w Ign-™m¬]ns∂ P∑n F∂p hnfn-°m≥ Ign-bm-Xn-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. P\\w

F∂ ]In-b-bn¬\n∂pw thsdmcp ]In-b-bn-te°p IS-°p-tºmƒ Ahn-tSbpw P∑n°p ÿm\-an-√msX t]mIp-∂p. -

Cu temIw F∂p ]d-bp-∂Xv Ne-\hpw \n›-e-Xbpw IqSn-°-e¿∂-Xm-Wv. t_m[w \n›-e-am-Wv. temIw Nen-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. Hcp DZm-l-cWw ]d-bp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ IS-ens‚ Bg-Øn¬ \n›-e-X-bp-≠m-bn-cn-°thXs∂ apIƒ∏-c∏v ]£p-_v[-am-bn-cn-°pw.thsdmcp DZm-l-cWw FSp-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ Npg-en-°m-‰n-s‚ \m`n-

\n›-e-amb Hcp tIµ-amWv. Cu t«mIw Du∂¬ sImSp-°p-∂Xv F√mInb-Ifpw Adn-hn¬ \S-°p∂ A¤p-X-I-c-amb ]`m-h-ßƒ amX-am-sW∂p ]d-bm-\m-Wv. P\-\hpw ac-Whpsa√mw B alm-]-`m-h-Øn¬kw -hn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. Bfl-t_m[w sXfn-bp-tºmƒ Cu ]`m-h-Øns‚Im¥nI-X-bn¬\n∂pw \mw ap‡-\m-Ipw.

80ÿnXn-K-Xn-t]mse hntcm-[n-bmb krjvSn˛

ÿnXn-e-b-sa-sßmcp Zn°n-semØp hmgpw?

KXn-bnh aq∂n-\p-sa-ßp-an-√n-tXm¿Øm¬

£nXn apX-em-bh Kocp amX-amIpw.

ÿnXn-K-Xn-t]mse ˛ Hcp hkvXp ÿnXn sNøp-tºmƒ

Nen-°p-∂n-√. Nen-°p-tºmƒ B

hkvXp ÿnXn sNøp-∂p-an-√.

hntcm-[n-bmb -˛ Cßs\ ÿnXnbpw KXnbpw Htc-

k-abw tNcm-Ø-Xp-t]mse

krjvSn-ÿnXn ebw ˛ krjvSn, ÿnXn , ebw F∂o

]In-b-Iƒ

Fsßmcp Zn°n¬ ˛ Fß-s\-bmWv Htc-bn-SØv

HØp hmgpw ˛ H∂n-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv?

Ch aq∂n\pw ˛ krjvSn, ÿnXn, ebw

Ch aq∂n\pw

KXn Fßpw C√ ˛ kzX-¥-amb Hcp AkvXn-X-bn-√.

CtXm¿Øm¬ ˛ Cßs\ hnNn-¥\w sNbvXm¬

£nXn apX-em-bh ˛ `qan apX-emb F√m `qX-ßfpw

Kocp amX-amIpw ˛ shdpw hm°p-Iƒ amXam-sW∂p

t_m[y-am-Ipw.

Cu ]]-©-Øn¬ \mw I≠p-t]m-cp∂ ]e-kw-`-h-ß-fnepw Hfn-

™n-cn-°p∂ sshcp-≤y-ßsf \mw i≤n-°msX t]mbn-´p-≠v. Hcp

hkvXp Hcn-SØv ÿnXn sNøp∂p F∂p ]d-™m¬ B hkvXp \n›-

em-h-ÿ-bn-emWv F∂-dn-b-Ww. ]ns∂ AXn-\v Fß-s\-bmWv Ne\w

D≠m-hpI? hkvXp Ht∂-bp≈p F¶n¬ AXv ]ns∂ FhnsS\n∂v

Ftßm´v Nen°pw? Nen-°p∂Xv Hcn-S-Øp-\n∂v thsdm-cn-S-tØ-°m-

Wv. Ne\w XpS-ßm≥ HcnSw thWw. Ah-km-\n-°m≥ HcnSw thWw.

AXn-\n-S-bn-ep≈ A¥-cmfhpw thWw. Bflmhn\p P∑-ap-s≠∂p ]d-

bp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ AXn\p \mihpw D≠m-bn-cn-°pw. P\n-∏n-°-W-sa-¶n¬

thsd H∂v D≠m-bn-cn--°Ww. At∏mƒ c≠v D◊ D≠m-Ip-∂p. c≠v D◊-

Iƒ°v Htc-bn-SØv Htc-k-abw Ccn-°m≥ Ign-bp-I-bn-√. Hcp tai h®n-cn-

°p∂ CSØv Hcp Itk-c°p ÿnXn sNøm≥ Ign-bp-I-bn-√. AXp-sIm≠v

Bfl-kØ GI-am-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xn-\m¬ Bfl-k-Ø-bn¬ Ne-\-an-√. Ne-

\-an-√mØ H∂n\v \n›-e-ambn \n¬t°≠ Bh-iy-hp-an-√.

krjvSn F∂p ]d-bp-∂Xv Hcp Ne-\-am-Wv. ebw As√-¶n¬ \miwF∂p ]d-bp-∂Xv thsdmcp Ne-\-am-Wv. AXn-\n-S-bn-ep≈ \ne-\n¬∏n-s\-bmWv ÿnXn F∂p ]d-bp-∂-Xv. CsXms° Bfl-k-Ø-bpsS GI-Xsb [ym\n-®p-d-∏n-®m¬ shdpw hm°p-Iƒ amX-am-bn-Øo-cpw. \mwhymh-lm-cn-I-tem-I-Øn¬ A\p-`-hn-°p∂ F√m A\p-`-h-ß-fnepwhm°p-I-fm¬ \n¿Ωn-°-s∏´ Hcp ]m]-©n-I-t_m-[-amWv \sΩ \nb-¥n-°p-∂-Xv. Bfl-t_m-[-Øn¬\n∂pw hm°ns‚ ]k-‡n-IsfAS¿Øn-am-‰n-bm¬ krjvSn F∂pw ÿnXn F∂pw ebw F∂pw \mw]d-™p-t]m-cp∂ ]In-b-Ifpw Ah-km-\n-°pw. Cu \nd-hmWv sshcp-≤y-an-√mØ \ΩpsS B¥-cn-I-X.

81]IrXn ]ncn-s™mcp Iqdp t`m‡r-cq]w

kI-e-hp-ambv shfntb kap-√-kn°pw

Cl-]-c-am-samcp Iqdn-Z-¥-bmte

hnI-kn-Xam-anXp t`mKy-hn-iz-am-Ipw.]IrXn ]ncn™v ˛ Bfl-i-‡n-bmb ]IrXn ]ncn™v

Hcp Iqdv ˛ Hcp `mKØv

t`m‡r-cq]w ˛ t`m‡m-hmbn \n¬°p-∂p.

Hcp Iqdv ˛ adp-`m-KØv

CZ-¥-bmte ˛ CZ¥ ImcWw

Cl-]-camw ˛ Cl-]-c-ß-fmb

kI-e-hp-ambn ˛ F√m-ambn

shfntb kap-√-kn°pw ˛ _mly-temIw ]Xn-`m-kn-°p-∂p.

CXv ˛ CXmWv

hnI-kn-Xamw ˛ hnI-kn®p \n¬°p∂

t`mKy-hn-iz-amIpw ˛ t`mKy-hn-iz-am-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

kpJw D≈-bn-SØp amXta Bcpw Pohn-°p-I-bp-≈q. \√ Imem-

h-ÿ-bp≈ CS-tØ°v Bfp-Iƒ t]mIm-dnt√? \√ kº-Øp≈ CS-

ßfn-te°v Bfp-Iƒ t]mIm-dnt√? kpJsØ Xnc-™p-sIm-≠mWv a\p-

jy≥ Hmtcm \nan-jhpw Pohn-°p-∂-Xv. Cu kpJsØ A\p- -hn-°p-

∂Xv BcmWv? AsXmcp Al-¥-bm-Wv. AXns\ hni-Zo-I-cn-°p-I-bmWv

Kpcp ChnsS sNøp-∂-Xv. Bflm-hn¬Øs∂ Ccn-°p∂ Hcp i‡n-bmWv

]Ir-Xn. B ]IrXn kzbw c≠mbn ]ncn-bp-∂p. temIsØ `pPn-°p-

hm-\p≈ Xøm-sd-Sp-∏m-Wn-Xv. `pPn-°-W-sa-¶n¬ Al¥ t`m‡m-hns‚

cq]w ssIs°m-≈-Ww. ck-ap≈ hkvXp-°ƒ amXta t`m‡m-hn\p

]nbX D≠m-°p-∂p-≈q. A]nbw Df-hm-°p∂ hkvXp-°sf X≈n-°-f-

bp-tºmgpw t`m‡m-hn\v ckw D≠m-Ipw. t`m‡mhv A\p- -hn-®p-sIm-

≠n-cn-°p∂ Cu ]pdw-temIw c≠p Xc-Øn-ep≈ kpJw ]Zm\w sNøp-

∂p-≠v. Nne t`mKy-ßƒ At∏mƒXs∂ kpJw sImSp-°p-∂p. Ah

sFln-I-ß-fm-Wv. Nneh Iptd Ign™v kpJm-\p- -hsØ \¬Ip-∂p.

Ah ]c-ß-fm-Wv.

\ΩpsS hmbn¬ Hcp a[p-c-]-e-lmcw C´p-X-cn-I-bm-sW-¶n¬

At∏mƒØs∂ \ap-°-Xns‚ ck-a-dn-bmw. kpJw A\p- -hn-°p-I-bpw

sNømw. F∂m¬ Hcp hmg h®m¬ Iptd Ign-™mWv \ap-°-Xns‚

^ew e`n-°p-∂-Xv. I¿Ω-ß-fpsS ^ew Cßs\ ]ncn™p- \n¬°p-∂-

Xns\ ASn-ÿm-\-am-°n-bmWv Clw F∂pw ]cw F∂p-ap≈ hnh£

ChnsS tN¿Øn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Cu t`m‡m-hn\p ta™p-\-S-°p-hm-\p≈

CS-amWv t`mKy-hn-izw. AXpw ]IrXn-bpsS Hcp ]pd-am-Wv. t`m‡m-

sh∂ ]pdhpw t`mKy-hn-iz-sa∂ adp-]p-dhpw tN¿∂v hymh-lm-cn-I-temIw

D≠m-bn-h-cp-∂p. Bfl-kz-cq]w At∏mgpw hnIm-c-c-ln-X-am-bn-Øs∂ \ne-

sIm-≈p-∂p. \mw Bfl-kØ Xs∂-bm-Wv.

82 Ac-Wn-I-S-s™-gp-a-·n-t]msebmcm˛

bvhh-c-en-cp-∂-Xn-c-s‰gpw hnthIw

]c-a-Nn-Zw-_-c-am¿∂ `m\p-hmbv \n˛

s∂cn-bp-a-Xn-∂n-c-bm-bn-Sp∂p k¿hw.

AcWn IS-s™gpw ˛ AcWn IS-bp-tºmƒ AXn¬

\n∂pw Pzen-®p-b-cp∂

A·n-t]mse ˛ Xo t]mse

Bcmbvhh-cn¬ Ccp∂v ˛ ⁄m\sØ At\z-jn-

°p-∂-h-cn¬\n∂v

AXn-c-s‰gpw hnthIw ˛ AXn-cp-I-fn-√msX DZn-®p-bp-cp∂

⁄m\-]-Imiw

]c-a-Nn-Zw-_-c-am¿∂ ˛ ]c-a-amb NnZm-Im-i-Øn¬

\nd-™p- \n¬°p∂

`m\p-hmbv \ns∂-cnbpw ˛ Bfl-kq-cy-\mbn Fcn-™p-

sIm-≠n-cn°pw

AXn∂v ˛ B ⁄m\m-·n-bn¬

Cc-bm-bn-Sp∂p k¿hw -˛ F√mw IØn-sb-cn-bp-∂p.

PohnXw Hcp X]- m-Wv. B X]-\-Inb \S-°p-∂Xv Ac-Wn-

Iƒ IS-bp-∂-Xp-t]m-se-bm-Wv. b⁄-Ip-WvU-Øn¬ Xo ]nSn-∏n-°p-hm≥

c≠v ac-°-j-W-ßƒ XΩn¬ Dc-®mWv Xo D≠m-°p-∂-Xv. B ac-I-j-

W-ß-sf-bmWv Ac-Wn-Iƒ F∂p ]d-bp-∂-Xv. Xmsg h®n-cn-°p∂ Ac-

Wnsb A[-cm-cWn F∂pw apI-fn¬ IS-™p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂ Ac-

Wnsb DØ-cm-cWn F∂p-amWv hnfn-°p-∂-Xv. IS-®n¬ AXns‚

aq¿—bn¬ FØp-tºm-gmWv AXn¬\n∂pw A·n Pzen-®p-b-cp-∂-Xv.ssaYp-\-]-In-b-bnepw CtX-t]m-ep≈ Hcp aY-\-amWv \S-°p-∂-Xv.

AhnsS Pzen-®p-b-cp-∂Xv B\-µ-aq¿—-bm-Wv.

ChnsS Pohn-X-am-Ip∂ X]-\-]-In-b-bn¬ Hcp Xm]-k\v t`m‡m-

hm-bn-cn-°p∂ Xs‚ Al-¥bpw t`mKy-hn-iz-am-bn-cn-°p∂ ]]-©hpwXΩn-emWv ]c-a-amb Hcp aqey-km-£m-XvIm-c-Øn-\p-th≠n kwL¿j-

W-Øn-te¿s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. t`m‡mhpw t`mKy-hn-izhpw Hcp ]tXyIA\p-c-W-\m-fl-I-X-bn¬ FØn-t®-cp-tºmƒ Bflm-\p- hw ]f-bm-·n-t]mse Al-¥-tbbpw euIn-I-X-tbbpw hngp-ßn-°-f-bp-∂p. ssZzX-

ß-f‰ Dƒshfn tXP n-b∂ Hcp kqcy-\m-bn- ]Im-in-°p∂p. Pohn-XØnse Ccp≠ i‡n-I-fn¬\n∂v \ap°p ]pd-Øp-I-S-°m≥ Ign-™n-

cn-°p-∂p. Imaw, tIm[w, Akqb Ah-sb√mw ⁄m\m-·n-bn¬ ZKv[-am-bn-t∏m-bn. Cu km£m-XvIm-c-amWv Btflm-]-tZ-i-i-XIw \ap-°p-

≠m-°n-Ø-cp-∂-Xv. PohnXØns‚ NnZw-_-c-Ønte°v \sΩ ssI]n-Sn-®p-b¿Øp-∂p. CXmWv ]c-aamb A¿∞w F∂-dn-b-Ww.

83

DS-bp-an-cn-°p-ap-Zn-°p-sam-∂p- am-dn˛

ØpS-cp-an-Xn-ßp-S-en≥ kz`m-h-amIpw

apSn-bn-en-cp-∂-dn-bp∂p aq∂p-am-flm˛

hnS-c-dp-sam-∂nXp \n¿hn-Im-c-amIpw.

DSbpw ˛ \in°pw

Ccn°pw ˛ ÿnXn sNøpw

DZn°pw ˛ P\n°pw

H∂p-am-dn-Øp-Scpw ˛ Hcp cq]w amdn thsdmcp cq]-

Øn¬ XpScpw

CXv ˛ Cu ]cn-Wmaw

Cßv DS-en≥ ˛ ChnsS ico-c-Øns‚ Xe-Øn¬

kz`m-h-amIpw ˛ kzm`m-hn-I-ambn kw`hn-®p-

sIm-≠n-cn°pw

apSn-bn-en-cp∂v ˛ k¿∆m-Xo-X-ambn h¿Øn®v

Bflm ˛ t_m[w

aq∂pw Adn-bp∂p ˛ krjvSn-ÿnXn-e-b-ßsf Adn-bp∂p.

CS-cdpw ˛ ZpxJw A‰p-t]mb

H∂nXv ˛ Cu Bflmhv GI-amWv.

\n¿hn-Im-c-amIpw ˛ Cu Bflmhv am‰-an-√m-Ø-Xp-amWv.

io_p≤-\mWv Pohn-X-Øns‚ £Wn-I-X-sb-°p-dn®v Zm¿i-\n-I-amb

Hcp ]cn-t]£yw (perspective) \ap°v BZyw ]d-™p-X-∂-Xv.

At±lw ]]-©-h-kvXp-°-fpsS P\-\hpw \ne-\n¬∏pw ac-W-hp-sa√mw

imiz-X-amb B\-µsØ ]Zm\w sNøp-∂n-s√∂v \sΩ t_m[y-s∏-Sp-

Øn. _p≤≥ ]d-bp∂p: ‘ temI-Po-hnXw ic-¬°m-e-ta-L-ß-sf-t∏m-

se-bm-Wv. Hcp \rØ-Øn¬ Ne-\-ßƒ amdn-amdn hcp-∂-Xp-t]m-se-bmWv

P\-\hpw ac-Whpw kw -hn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Icn-ta-L-ßƒ°p

IpdptI Hfn-an-∂p∂ Hcp hnZyp-√X IW-s°-bmWv Pohm-bp v IS-∂p-

t]m-Ip-∂-Xv. Fs¥mcp ZpX-K-Xn-bm-W-Xn-\v. sN¶p-Ømb Hcp ae-

bn¬\n∂pw Dut°msS Xmtg°p ]h-ln-°p∂ Pe-]mXw t]mse-bm-W-Xv.’ AXp-sIm-≠mWv _p≤≥ temI-Po-hn-XsØ ZpxJambn I≠Xv.

F∂m¬ \mcm-b-W-Kpcp Aß-s\-sbmcp hnjm-Zm-fl-I-Xsb ]‰n-

b√ ]d-bp-∂-Xv. H∂p-≠m-hp-Ibpw \ne-\n¬°p-Ibpw \in-°p-Ibpw

sNøp-∂Xv ico-c-Øns‚ kz`m-h-am-sW-∂m-Wv-. kz`mhw F∂m¬ am‰-

an-√mØ \nbaw F∂m-Wv. ]]-©-Ønse Cu ssPhn-I-]-In-b-I-

sfsb√mw \ap°p XSp-°m≥ Ign-bp-I-bn-√. XSp-Øm¬ am\-kn-I-X-e-

Ønepw imco-cn-I-X-e-Ønepw B k¿§-]-hmlw A\m-tcm-Ky-I-c-amb

Hcp hnj-a-k-‘nsb krjvSn-°pw. F∂m¬ ChnsS thsdmcp t]mwh-gn-

]d-bp∂p: Rm≥ F∂p ]d-bp∂ kØ krjvSn-ÿnXneb-ßƒ°v AXo-

X-amb Hcp D◊-bm-sW-∂m-Wv. AXoXw F∂p ]d-™m¬ CXn\p

]pdØv F∂√. Cu aq∂v ]In-b-Iƒ°pw Bflm-hn¬ ÿm-\-ap-≠v.

F∂m¬ Cu aq∂v ]In-b-I-fmepw Bflm-hn\v Hcp `mh-t -Zhpw kw -

hn-°p-∂n-√. Bflmhv apSn-bn-en-cp-∂v aq∂pw Adn-bp∂p.

F_lmw amkvtemhns\t∏msebp≈ a\x-im-kvX-⁄¿

DØpw-Km-\p-`qXn (peak experience) F∂p ]d-bp-∂Xv apSn-bn-en-cp∂v

Adn-bp-∂-Xn-s\-bm-Wv. apSn F∂p ]d-™m¬ DØpw-K-amb Xew. mhm-

Xo-XX-ew. AXp-sIm≠v Bflmhv Hcp Xc-Øn-ep≈ hnIm-c-Øn\pw ASn-

s∏-Sp-∂n-√. Hcp Xc-Øn-ep≈ ZpxJhpw Bflm-hns\ ]nSn-Iq-Sp-∂pan-√. AXv

Ft∏mgpw D◊-bp-≈-Xm-Wv F∂ A¿∞-Øn¬ kØm-Wv. AXv Ft∏mgpwAdn-™p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂p F∂ A¿∞-Øn¬ NnØm-Wv. AsX-t∏mgpw

B\-µn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂p F∂ A¿∞-Øn¬ B\-µ-am-Wv.

84Adn-h-Xn-\m-e-h-\o-hn-Im-c-ap-s≠˛

∂cp-fp-an-tXm¿°n-e -k-Xy-ap-≈-Xp¿ho

\nc-h-[n-bmbv \ne-b‰p \nev]-sX-√m˛

adn-hn-segpw ]Ir-Xn-kz-cq-]-am-Ipw.

Adn-h-Xn-\m¬ ˛ Adn-bp-∂-Xp-sIm≠v

Ah\o hnImcw ˛ aÆns‚ cq]m-¥-c-ß-fmb Iew.

IpSw apX-em-bh

Ds≠∂v ˛ D≈-Xm-sW∂v

Acpfpw ˛ \mw ]d-bm-dp-≠v.

D≈Xv D¿ho ˛ kXyØn¬ aÆp amXtabp≈q.

CtXm¿°n¬ AkXyw ˛ CXdn™m¬ Iew, Nń F∂o

hnIm-c-ß-sf√mw Ak-Xy-am-Wv.

\nc-h-[n-bm-bv ˛ FÆ-a‰ Xc-Øn¬ ImW

- s∏-Sp-∂sX√mw

\ne-b‰p \nev]-sX√mw ˛ kz¥-ambn AkvXn-X-bn-√mØ

\ma-cq-]-ß-fmWv

Adn-hn-segpw ˛ Adn-hn¬\n∂pw Fgp∂p hcp∂

]IrXn kzcq-]-amIpw ˛ ]Ir-Xn-bpsS kzcq-]-am-Wn-sX√mw.

GsXmcp hkvXp \n¿Ωn-°p-∂-Xn\pw Hcp ]Zm¿∞w Bh-iy-am-Wv. B ]Zm¿∞-amWv B hkvXp-hns‚ bYm¿∞ kØ-bm-bn-cn-°p-∂-

Xv. kv]nt\mk F∂ ]m›m-Xy-Nn-¥-I≥ Cu kØsb substanceF∂mWv hnfn-®-Xv. Hcp Ipem-e≥ Ifn-aÆv Ac®p Ipg®v AXns\

Ipem-e-ZWvUpw NIhpw D]-tbm-Kn®v ]cph-s∏-SpØn ]mX-ßƒ D≠m-°p-∂p. Nń, Iew, ]m\, IqP, IpSw CsX√mw B Ifn-a-Æn¬\n∂vIpem-e≥ D≠m°nsbSp-°p-∂p. Ifn-a-Æn¬ \n¿Ωn® B Hmtcm cq]-tØbpw t\m°n \nß-tfmSv tNmZn-°p-I-bmWv: CsX-¥mWv? \nßƒ]dbpw, CXp Nń-bm-sW-∂v, CXp IeamsW∂v. At∏mƒ Ifn-a-sÆ-hnsSt∏mbn? Iew F∂ \ma-Øn-s‚bpw cq]-Øn-s‚bpw ad-hn¬ Ifna-

sÆ∂ kØ AI-s∏- p-t]m-bn. \ma-Øn\pw cq]-Øn\pw Aan-X-amb]k-‡nbpw ]m[m-\yhpw \mw Adn-bmsX sImSp-Øp-t]m-Ip-∂p.kØsb ad-∂p-t]m-Ip-∂p. Cu ]]-©-Øn¬ \nc-h[n cq]-ßfpw \nc-h[n \ma-ßfpw tN¿∂v ]]-©-Øns‚ kØsb ad-®p-h-bv°p-∂p. \ma-cq-]-ß-fpsS taml-h-e-b-Øn¬ \mw IpSp-ßn-t∏m-Ip-∂p.

a\ v \ma-ß-fpsS kzm[o-\-Øn¬ s]´n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. B a\- n¬Xs∂ cq]-ß-fpsS ]Xn-`-I-fp-ap-≠v. cq]w F∂p ]d-bp-tºmƒAXn\v Cµn-b-tKm-N-c-amb Hcp A-kvXn-Xbpw at\m-tKm-N-c-ambthsdm-cp AkvXn-Xbpap≠v. Cµn-b-tKm-N-c-amb cq]w hymh-lm-cn-I-am-Wv. Cµn-b-tKm-N-c-amb sh≈w IpSn-®mte \ΩpsS Zmlw amdp-I-bp-≈q. F∂m¬ sh≈-Øn\v at\m-tKm-N-c-amb Hcp ]Xn-`-bp-ap-≠v. a\- n-e-S-ßn-bn-cn-°p∂ sh≈-Øns‚ ]Xn` \ΩpsS Zmlwam‰p-I-bn-√. ChnsS ]d-bp∂ cq]m-fl-I-Xbpw \mam-fl-I-Xbpw ]mc-am¿∞n-I-X-bn¬ amXta \ne-b‰p \n¬°p-∂p≈p F∂pw Adn-b-Ww. B Adn-hmWv \sΩ kzX-¥-\m-°p-∂-Xv.

85\ng-semcp _nw_-a-t]-£n-bmsX \nev]o˛

segp-ap-e-sI-ßp-a-_nw-_-am-I-bmte

\ng-ep-a-X-√nXp t\cp-a√ hnZzm˛

s\gp-Xn-bnSpw ^Wn-t]mse ImWp-sa√mw.

\ng¬ ˛ \ng¬

Hcp _nw_w ˛ Hcp _nw_sØ

At]-£n-bmsX ˛ Bi-bn-®-√msX

\nev]oe ˛ \ne-\n¬°p-∂n-√.

Fgpw DeIv Fßpw ˛ F√m-bn-SØpw ]Xo-X-am-bn-°m-

Wp∂ temIw

A_nw-_-am-I-bmte ˛ Hcp _nw_sØ Bi-bn®p

\ng-en-°p-∂-X-√.

\ng-ep-a-X√ ˛ AXn-\m¬ ]]©w \ng-ep-a√.

CXp t\cp-a√ ˛ kzbw kØ D≈-Xp-a√.

hnZzm≥ ˛ NXp-c-\mb Hcp Iem-Im-c≥

Fgp-Xn-bnSpw ˛ hc-bv°p∂

^Wn-t]mse ˛ ]mºn-s\-t∏mse

ImWp-sa√mw ˛ F√mw ImW-s∏-Sp-I-bm-Wv.

Hcp Pem-i-b-Øns‚ apºn¬ \mw sN∂p \n¬°p-tºmƒ \ΩpsS

BsI cq]w kv Sn-I-k-¶m-i-amb B Pem-i-b-Øn¬ ]Xn- -en-°pw.

Aßs\ ]Xn- -en-°p-tºmƒ Pe-Øn¬ ImWp-∂Xv \ΩpsS ]XnOmb-

bm-Wv. \mw BWv _nw_w. Pe-Øn¬ ]Xn-Omb D≠m-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv

\mw D≈-Xp-sIm-≠m-Wv. F∂m¬ ]]-©sØ Hcp \ng¬t]mse Icp-

Xm≥ Ign-bp-∂n-√. ]]©w Hcp ]Xn-_nw-_-am-sW-¶n¬ ]]-©-Øn\p

Imc-W-am-bncn-°p∂ _nw_w Fhn-sS-bm-Wn-cn-°p-∂Xv? Bflmhv GI-

am-Wv. AZz-b-am-Wv. AsXm-cn-°epw \m\m-Xz-tØm-Sp-IqSn ]Xn- -en-°p-

I-bn-√. AXp-sIm≠v Bflm-hns‚ ]Xn-_nw-_-amWv ]]©w F∂p ]d-

bms\m-°p-I-bn-√. ]]-©-Øn-\m-Is´ kzbta Hcp AkvXn-X-bp-an-√. \n¿h-

Nn-°m≥ Ign-bmØ coXn-bn-emWv ]]-©-Øns‚ \ne.

B¬_¿ v sF≥Ão≥ ]]©w Ime-Øn-s‚bpw tZi-Øn-s‚bpw

kΩn-i-W-am-sW-∂mWv \n¿h-Nn-®-Xv. F∂m¬ sslk≥ _¿Kn-s\-t∏m-

ep-≈-h¿ ]]-©-Øns‚ kq£va-tc-Wp-°-fpsS ]T-\-Øn-\mbn Xp\n-™-

t∏mƒ AhnsS ]c-am-Wp-°ƒ Ds≠∂pw Cs√∂pw ]d-bm≥ Ign-bmØ

ÿnXn-bn¬ imkvX-⁄-∑msc `an-∏n-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xmbn ]d-™p.

Aß-s\-bmWv sslk≥_¿Kns‚ ]]-©-kn-≤m¥w uncertainty prin-ciple Bbn amdn-b-Xv. thZm-¥hpw ]]-©sØ D≠m-°n-°m-Wn-°p∂

ambsb ‘A\n¿h-N-\ob’ F∂mWv hnfn-°p-∂-Xv. AXo-h-\n-]p-W-\mb

Hcp Iem-Im-c≥ NnXw hc-®m¬ B NnXw Poh- p-‰-Xmbn tXm∂m-dp-

≠v. Hcp ]mºn-s‚-bmWv NnXw hc-bv°p-∂-sX-¶n¬ B NnXw I≠m¬

\mw `b∂p \ne-hn-fn-°pw. AXp-t]m-se-bmWv Bflm-hnepw ]]-©-c-

N\ \S-∂p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Bflm-hn¬ Xs∂-bn-cn-°p∂ Hcp i‡n-bmWv XqenI ]nSn-°p∂-Xv. CXp \n¿h-Nn®p a\- n-em-°p-∂-Xn-t\-°mƒA¤p-X-]-c-X-¥-X-tbmsS Bkz-Zn-°p-∂-XmWv el-cn-Zm-b-Iw.

86X\p apX-em-bXp k¿h-sam-∂n-sem-∂n˛

√\r-X-hp-am-b-Xn-\m-se-b-\y-`mKw

A\p-Zn-\-a-kvX-an-bm-Xn-cn-°-bmte

]p\-cr-X-cq-]-hp-ambvs∏men-™n-Sp-∂p.

X\p apX-em-bXp ˛ icocw apX-em-bh

k¿∆w ˛ F√mw

H∂n¬ H∂n√ ˛ Hcp ico-c-Øn¬ thsdmcp ico-c-an√.

AXn-\mse ˛ AXp-sIm≠v

A\y-`mKw ˛ Hcp ico-c-Øn¬ C√mØ a‰p

ico-c-ßƒ

A\r-X-hp-ambn ˛ Ak-Xy-ambnØocp-∂p.

]p\x ˛ F∂m¬

A\p-Zn\w ˛ Fs∂∂pw

AkvX-an-bmXncn-°-bmte ˛ (B-fl-k-Ø) \in-®p-t]m-Im-Xn-cn-

°p-∂-Xp-sIm≠v

EX-cq-]-hp-ambv ˛ EX-amb icocw G¥n-sIm≠v

s]men-™n-Sp∂p ˛ ]Im-in-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p.

X\p F∂m¬ ico-c-am-Wv. GsXmcp ico-c-Øn\pw ÿnXn sNøm≥ÿew thWw. Hcp icocw ]tXyI CS-Øn¬ ÿnXn sNøp-∂-Xp-t]mseXs∂ AXn-s\mcp Imehpw thWw. F∂p ]d-™m¬ GsXmcpico-c-Øn\pw Ime-Ønepw tZi-Ønepw amXta ÿnXn sNøm-\m-hp-I-bp-≈q. Fs‚ tai-∏p-dsØ ]q∏m-X-Øn¬ Cs∂mcp tdmkm-]pjv]wCcn-°p-∂p-s≠-¶n¬ thsdmcp tdmkm-]p-jv]-Øn\v B ]q∏m-X-Øn¬Ccn-°m≥ Ign-bn-√. Hcp ]qhn\p amXta ÿnXn sNøm≥ AXn¬ CS-ap-≈q. At∏mƒ B ]q∏m-X-Øn¬ Ccn-°m≥ Ign-bmsX t]mIp∂At\Iw ]q°-fp-≠v. ]q∏m-XsØ kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØmfw Ah-sb√mw

]q∏m-X-Øn¬ C√m-Ø-h-bm-Wv. AXm-bXv B Htc-sbmcp tdmkm]qhvA√m-Ø-sX√mw C√mØh-bm-Wv. Ah-sb√mw A\y- m-K-am-Wv. AXp-

sIm≠v A\r-X-hp-am-Wv. Ak-Xy-hpam-Wv.

CXp-t]mse ico-c-ß-fpsS Xe-Øn¬ H∂n¬ thsdm-∂n\p ÿnXnsNøm≥ Ign-bp-I-bn-√. tbip-In-kvXp-hn¬ io_p-≤\v ÿnXn sNøm≥

Ign-bp-I-bn-√. Itk-c-bn¬ tai°pw ÿnXn sNøm≥ Ign-bp-I-bn-√.H∂n¬ thsdm-∂ns‚ A`m-hsØ \mw ImWp-∂p-≠v. Cu thsdm-∂p-

I-sfms° A\y-bm-Wv. s]menbpanX\y F∂v KpcpXs∂ ]d-™n-´p-≠v. CsX√mw Zm¿i-\n-I-amb Ipg-a-dn-®n-ep-I-fm-Wv. F∂m¬ hfsc

A\m-bm-k-ambn Kpcp CXns\ kao-I-cn-°p-∂Xv Cß-s\-bm-Wv:F∂m¬ Hcp kØ Aev]w-t]m-epw aß-te¬°msX Cu ico-c-

ßƒs°√mw B[m-c-am-bn-cn-°p-∂p-≠v. AXv Bfl-k-Ø-bm-Wv. AXvDZ-bm-kvX-a-b-ß-fn-√m-Ø-Xm-Wv. Fs¥√mw ChnsS Dcp-th-¥n-bncn°p-

∂pt≠m Ah-sb√mw B Bfl-k-Ø-bpsS Dcp-h-ß-fm-Wv. AXp-sIm≠vAXns\ D]-\n-j-Øn¬ ]d-bp-∂Xv EXw F∂m-Wv. Cu ]m]-©n-I-i-co-c-

ßsf apgp-h≥ EX-ambn Adn-b-Ww. Cu Adn-hmWv imiz-X-amb Pohn-XsØ ]Zm\w sNøp-∂-Xv.

87X\n-sb-bn-sXm-s°-bp-ap≠p XΩn-temtcm˛

cn\-an-X-cß-fn-en-√-,bn-]-Imcw

X\p apX-em-bXp kØp-a√tbm¿Øm˛

e\r-X-hp-a-√-X-hm-Ny-am-bn-Sp-∂p.

X\nsb CsXm-°-bpap≠v ˛ Hmtcmtcm hkvXp-°sf H‰-bvs°m-

‰°v FSp-Øp-t\m-°n-bm¬

CsX√mw D≈-Xp-X-s∂-bm-Wv.

XΩn¬ Hmtcm C\w ˛ XΩn¬ Hcn\w

CX-c-ß-fn-en√ ˛ as‰m-cn-\-Øn¬ C√

C]-Imcw ˛ CXp-t]mse

X\p apX-em-bXv ˛ icocw apX-em-bh

kØp-a√ ˛ kØ-bp-≈-X√.

Hm¿Øm¬ ˛ ]cn-tim-[n-®p- t\m-°n-bm¬

A\r-X-hp-a√ ˛ Ah C√m-Ø-Xp-a√.

AXv Ahm-Ny-am-bn-Sp∂p˛ AXp hm°p-sIm≠v samgn-bm-\m-

hm-Ø-Xm-Ip-∂p.

Hmtcm-∂n-t\bpw FSp-Øp-t\m-°n-bm¬ F√m-‰n\pw D◊bp-≠v.

tXß-bp-≠v, amß-bp-≠v, ]ip-hp-≠v, \mb-bp-≠v, ag-bp-≠v, shbn-ep-≠v.

shbn-¬ C√ F∂p ]d-bp-hm≥ Ign-bp-∂n-√. amß- C√ F∂p ]d-bp-

hm≥ Ign-bp-∂n√. F∂m¬ ]ip-hn¬ IpXn-c-bn-√. ]ip Hcp C\-am-Wv.

IpXnc thsdmcp C\-am-Wv. H∂n¬ thsdm-∂ns‚ C√mbva hcp-∂-Xp-

sIm≠v icocw kØm-sW∂v ]d-bp-hm≥ Ign-bmØXv. kØm-sW-¶n¬

Fhn-sSbpw F√m-bvt∏mgpw D≠m-bn-cn-°Ww. kØ°v C√m-bva-bn-√.

kØ°v C\-an-√. kØ kam-\m-[n-I-c-W-am-Wv. F∂m¬ amdn-s°m-

≠n-cn-°p∂ ico-c-ßƒ C√m-bva°v hg-ßn-s°m-Sp-°p-∂-Xn-\m¬,

\in-®p-t]m-Ip-∂-Xn-\m¬ Ahbv°p kzbw D◊-bn-√ F∂p ]d-bm≥

Ign-bpw. F∂m¬ Ahsb ]q¿Æ-ambpw C√ F∂p ]d-bm-\pam-hp-∂n-√.

\√ XWp-∏p≈ cmXn-bn¬ Iºn-fn-∏p-X-∏p-sIm≠p ]pX-bv°p-tºmƒXWp∏v AI-∂p- t]m-Ip-∂p-≠v. NqSp In´p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p-. Iºnfn C√

F∂p ]d-bp-hm≥ Ign-bp-∂n-√. Iºn-fn°v hymh-lm-cn-I-amb AkvXn-X-bp-≠v. AXp-sIm≠v AXv A\r-X-hp-a-√. ico-c-ß-fpsS temI-Øn¬ Hcp-

Xcw A\n¿h-N-\o-bX Xßn-\n¬°p-∂p-≠v. Fs¥-Sp-Ømepw Ds≠∂pwCs√∂pw Htc-k-abw ]d-bm≥ Ignbpw? Ds≠∂pw Cs√∂pw Hcp-an®p

]d-bp-∂Xv Hcp sshcp-≤y-am-Wv. \ap-s°mcp icn-bmb ho£-W-tIm¨

C√m-Ø-Xp-sIm-≠mWv Cu sshcp≤yw P\n-°p-∂-Xv. Bfl-ÿn-X-\mbHcp-h\v Cu sshcp-≤y-ßƒ D≠m-Ip-∂n-√. D◊bpw C√m-bvabpw hen-

sbmcp D◊-bn¬ \S-°p∂ Gdn-am-dn-Øn-cn-b-em-Wv. AXp Xncn-®-dn-b-Ww. Ahm-Ny-amb H∂mWv temIw.

88

kI-e-hp-ap-≈-Xp-Xs∂ XØz-Nn-¥m-

K-l-\nXp k¿∆hp-ta-I-ambv Kln°pw

AI-ap-J-am-b-dn-bm-bvIn¬ ambbmw h≥˛

]I ]eXpw à-ta-In-Sp∂p ]mcw.

kI-ehpw D≈-Xp-Xs∂ ˛ F√mw D◊-bp-≈-Xp-X-s∂-bm-Wv.

XØz-Nn-¥m-K-l≥ ˛ XØzsØ a\\wsNbvXp a\- n-

em-°p-∂-h≥

CXp k¿∆hpw ˛ \ma-cq-]m-fl-I-amb apgp-h≥

temItØbpw

GI-ambv Kln°pw ˛ Htc-sbmcp D◊-bmbn Df-f-dnbpw.

AI-ap-J-ambv ˛ Bflm-`n-ap-J-ambn

Adn-bm-bvIn¬ ˛ Adn-bm™m¬

ambbmw h≥]I ˛ amb-bm-Ip∂ henb iXp

]eXpw ˛ \m\m-Xz-_p-≤nsb DW¿Øn

àta-In-Sp∂p ]mcw ˛ henb àw D≠m-°p-∂p.

temIw anYy-bm-sW∂p tIƒ°p-tºmƒ B Z¿i-\sØ Bfp-Iƒ

sIm≈cp-Xm-ØXpw _p≤n-iq-\y-hp-ambn Icp-Xp-∂p. AXp-sIm≠v i¶-

cm-Nm-cy¿ ‘_“-kXyw PK∑nYym’ F∂p ]d-™-t∏mƒ euIn-I-t`m-Kn-

Iƒ ]c-a-]p-—-tØmsS AXns\ hymJym-\n-®p. BNm-cy-kzm-an-Iƒ ‘Pothm

_-ss“h \m]cm’ F∂p IqSn Iqń-t®¿°p-∂p-≠v. _“-amWv kXyw.

PKXv anYy-bm-Wv. Poh≥ F∂p ]d-bp-∂Xv _“wXs∂-bm-Wv, thsd

H∂pw A√ F∂mWv i¶-cm-Nm-cy¿ ]d-™-Xns‚ A¿∞w. anYy F∂p

]d-™m¬ C√m-Ø-sX-∂-√. kz¥-ambn D◊ C√m-ØXpw amdn-s°m-≠n-

cn-°p-∂Xpw F∂mWv B hm°ns‚ A¿∞w. \ma-cq-]m-fl-I-amb F√mw

Bfl-km-£m-XvIm-c-Øn-\p-ff Hcp D]mbw F∂ \nebv°p amX-amWv

i¶-c≥ anYy-bmbn ]d-bp-∂-Xv. _“-km-£m-XvIr-X\v F√mw H-tc-sbmcp

kXyw amXw. B A¿∞-Øn-emWv ChnsS \mcm-b-WKpcp kI-ehpw

D≈Xp-Xs∂ F∂p Dd-∏n-®p-]-d-bp-∂-Xv.

Cu ImW-s∏-Sp-∂-sX√mw D≈-Xp-X-s∂. C√m-Ø-X-√. F∂m¬ Ch-sb√mw thsd-thsd D≈-X-√. F√m-‰n\pw IqSn H‰ D◊tb D≈q.Aßs\ k¿h-Øn-s‚bpw D◊ H∂m-sW∂p A\p- -hn-®-dn-bp∂ Bsf-bmWv XØz-Nn-¥m-K-l≥ F∂p hnfn-°p-∂-Xv. \mw XØz-Nn-¥m-K-l-\m-b-Xn-\p-tijw Cu temI-Øn¬ F¥p thW-sa-¶nepw `pPn-®p-sIm-≈q. _‘\w D≠m-hp-I-bn-√. H∂mbn Adn-bmsX kI-ehpw D≈Xp-Xs∂ F∂p hnNm-cn®v temI-t`m-Py-ßsf DÆm≥ t]mbm¬ Aht`m‡m-hns\ sIWn-bn¬ hogvØpw. Cu sIWn Hcp-°n-h-®n-cn-°p-∂Xvamb-bm-Ip∂ h≥]-I-bm-Wv. \nß-fn¬ Hcp iXp \nßƒs°-Xnsc]h¿Øn-°p-∂p-≠v. \nßƒ sNbvX GtXm Hcp sX‰n\v ]I ho´m-\p-≈ ia-Øn-emWv AXv \ntj-[m-fl-I-amb coXn-bn¬ \nß-fpsS I¿Ω-ßsf hnI-e-am-°p-∂-Xv. thZm-¥-Øn¬ amX-a√ amb-bp-≈-Xv. F√ma\p-jy-cp-tSbpw Pohn-X-Øn¬ D◊sb H∂mbn Kln-°m≥ Ign-bmØHcp ÿnXnhnti-j-ap-≠v.

sltK¬ F∂ Nn¥-I≥ CXns\ negativity F∂mWv hnfn-®-Xv.Cu \ntj-[m-fl-I-amb amb h∂m¬ \m\m-Xz-_p-≤n-bmWv ]ns∂]h¿Øn-°p--I. ]e-]e ck-ßfpw ]e-]e XmXv]-cy-ßfpw hntcm[hpwshdp∏pw F√mw IqSn-°-e¿∂v a\p-jy-Po-hnXw Xmdp-am-dm-Ipw. AXp-sIm-≠mWv Bflm-hns\ AI-ap-J-ambv Adn-tb-≠n-h-cp-∂-Xv. _¿Kvks‚ XØz-Nn-¥-bnse intuition \pw AI-ap-J-ambn Adn-bp-∂Xpw Htc Adn-hp-X-s∂-bm-Wv. GI-Xz-K-l-W-_p-≤n-bn-eq-sS-bmWv Cu intuition -kw- -hn-°p-∂-Xv.AXn-\m¬ Cu hnizw apgp-h\pw H∂mbn Adn-bp-I. H∂mbn IcpXn B\-µn-°p-I.

89Adn-hn-en-cp∂k-Z-kvXn-sb-∂-kwJyw

s]mcn-bn-f-In- p-h\w kv^pcn-°-bmte

Adn-hns\ hns´mcp hkvXp-h-\y-an-s√˛

∂dn-b-W-ao-b-dn-ssh-I-cq-]y-ta-Ipw.

Adn-hn-en-cp∂v ˛ tIh-e-amb Adn-hn-en-cp∂v

AkZv AkvXn F∂v ˛ Ds≠∂pw Cs√∂pw Htc-k-abw

tXm∂-Ø° hn[-Øn¬

AkwJyw ˛ I-W-°‰

s]mcn CfIn ˛ Xos∏m-cn-Iƒ Cf-In-sØ-dn®v

`ph\w ˛ ]]©w

kv^pcn-°-bmte ˛ ]Xo-X-am-Ip-∂-Xp-sIm≠v

Adn-hns\ hn´v ˛ Adn-hn¬\n∂pw thdn´

Hcp hkvXp A\y-an-s√∂v˛ thsdmcp kØ Cs√∂v

Adn-bWw ˛ Adn-b-Ww.

Cu Adnhv ˛ Cß-s\-bp-ff ⁄m\w

sFI-cq-]y-taIpw ˛ GI-cq]w \¬Ipw

Htc XØzw Xs∂-bmWv ]e-hn[ ZrjvSm-¥-ß-fn-eqsS Kpcp Bhn-jvI-cn-°p-∂-Xv. F∂m¬ Hcp t«mIw thsdmcp t«mI-Øn\p ]Icwhbv°m\pw Bhp-∂-X-√. AXns‚ coXn-hn-[m-\-Øn-\p (methodol-ogy) hyXym-k-ap-≠v. \sΩ kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØmfw Adnhv F∂ hm°vtIƒ°p-tºmƒ a\- n¬ ]Xn-™p-t]mb Iptd A¿∞-ß-fmWvs]m¥n-h-cn-I. F∂m¬ CXp-hsc \Ωƒ a\- n-em-°n-bn-´p≈ A¿∞-Øn-sem-∂p-a√ Kpcp Adn-sh∂v ]tbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xv. Cw•ojp mj-bn¬awareness F∂pw consciousness F∂pw GXm-s≠ms° ASp-Øp-hcm-hp∂ c≠p kw⁄-I-fp-≠v. F∂m¬ ]m›m-Xy¿°v Cu c≠phm°p-Ifpw Ah-cp-tS-Xm-bn-´p-≈ A¿∞-I-ev]-\-I-fn-eq-sStb a\- n-em-°m≥ Ign-bp-I-bp-≈q. AXp-sIm-≠mWv CX-am-Xw hni-Zo-I-c-Whpwhn]p-e-\hpw \¬tI≠nhcp-∂-Xv.

A·n-IpWvUw \Ωƒ I≠n-´nt√? AXn¬\n∂pw Xos∏m-cn-IƒNnX-dn-sØ-dn-°p-∂-Xp-t]m-se-bmWv temIw ]Xo-X-am-Ip-∂-Xv. B ]Xo-Xn-bmIs´ hfsc £W-am-X-amb t\cta \ne-\ne-\n¬°p-∂p-f-fq. HcpXos∏mcn Ipd-®p-t\cw hmbp-hn¬ Xßn-\n∂v Nmc-ambn Xocp-∂p. AXp-sIm-≠mWv Ak-Zv- -AkvXn ˛ Cs√∂pw Ds≠∂pw ]d-bm-hp∂AkwJyw Xos∏m-cn-Iƒ Cf-Ip-∂p F∂p Kpcp ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.Htc-k-a-bw-Xs∂ kZv`m-hhpw Ak-Zv`m-hhpw temI-Øns‚ ]tXy-I-X-bm-Wv. F∂m¬ Adn-hm-Is´ kØm-am-X-am-Wp-Xm-\pw. B kØ-bn¬ \n∂mWv kØpw AkØpw IqSn-°-e¿∂ ph\w P\n-°p-∂-Xv.CXn¬ Ak-Øn\p Imc-W-am-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv amb-bm-Wv. amb Adn-hn¬\nln-X-am-sW-¶nepw amb-bm¬ A_m-[n-XamWv Adn-hv. ambsb AXn-ew-Ln-®p-sIm-≠p-Xs∂ tIh-e-amb Adn-hn\v \ne-\n¬°p-hm≥ Ign-bpw. F∂m¬ Poh-Xm-Zm-fly-ap-≠m-bm¬ Cu amb Ahn-Zym-cq-]-Øn¬F√m Pohn-I-fnepw hkn-°pw.

Aß-s\-bmWv temIw Ds≠∂pw Cs√∂pw apd-amdn ]I-S-am-Ip-∂-Xv. hnizm-khpw Ahn-izm-khpw, Hm¿Ωbpw ad-hnbpw, DW¿hpw Dd-°hpw F√mw amb-bpsS hcp-Xn-bn¬ hcp-∂-Xm-Wv. F∂m¬ Adn-hns‚tIh-e-kz-cq-]-Øn¬ Cu Zzµzm-\p-`-h-ß-fn¬ \ns∂ms° hnap-‡n-bp-≠v. Adn-hns\ hns´mcp hkvXpA\y-an-s√∂v AXp-sIm-≠-dn-b-Ww.F∂m¬ amXta ChnsS ImWp∂ \m\m-cq-]-ß-fnepw sFIy-Øns‚]Im-i-[m-csb hnf-°n-sb-Sp-°p-hm≥ Ign-bp-I-bp-≈q.

90A\r-X-sam-c-kvXn-Xtb ad-bv°p-I-ns√˛

∂\p- -h-ap≠p kZ-kvXn-sb-∂n-hÆw

A\p-]-Z-a-kvXn-X-bm-en-Xm-hrXw kZv˛

L\-a-Xn-\mse Itf-_-cm-Zn-Im-cyw.

A\r-Xw ˛ AkXyw

Hc-kvXn-Xsb ad-bv°p-In√ ˛ kXysØ ad-bv°p-I-bn√

kZv AkvXn F∂n-hÆw˛ Bfl-kØ Ds≠-∂p-ff Xc-Øn-ep-≈

F∂ A\p-`-h-ap≠v ˛ A\p-`hw F√m-h¿°pap≈-XmW.v

A\p-]Zw ˛ Hmtcm A\p-`-hhpw

AkvXn-X-bm¬ ˛ kØm-tNX-\-bm¬

CXm-hrXw ˛ \nd-hp≈-XmW.v

AXn-\mse ˛ AXp-sIm≠v

Itf-_-cmZn Imcyw ˛ icocw XpS-ßnb Imcy-]-]©w

apgp-h\pw

kZvL\w ˛ kØn-\m¬ hym]vX-am-Wv.

Hcp \pW ]d-™m¬ B I≈w s]mfn-bm-Xn-cn-°-W-sa-¶n¬ \nc-¥cw \pW-Iƒ ]d-™p-sIm-≠n-cn-°-Ww. F∂mepw kXyw Fs∂-¶nepwXe \o´n ]pd-Øp-h-cm-Xn-cn-°n-√. kXyw FX ad-®p-h-®mepw adt™Ccn-°p-∂p-f-fq. C√m-XmbnØocp-∂n-√. \Ω-psS kmaq-ln-I-Xbpw aXhpwhnZym- ym-khpw amaq-ep-Ifpw F√mw hymP-am-Wv. Cu hymP-Po-hn-X-Øns‚]cn-cw- -W-Øn¬s∏´n-cn-°p∂ km[m-c-W-a-\p-jy\v Ft∏m-sg-¶nepw kXy-Øns‚ Hcp t\¿Ø A\p- hw D≠m-Im-Xn-cn-°p-I-bn-√. AtXmsS At±-lw kXysØ ]q¿Æ-ambn Adn-bm≥ th≠n-bp-ff iaw Bcw- n-°pw.

Ccp-f-S™ K¿Ø-ß-fn-eqsS \S-∂p-\o-ßp∂ P\m-h-en-sb -t\m°ntbip ]d™p: ‘\nßƒ temI-Øns‚ shfn-®-am-Wv. ae-ap-I-fn¬]WnX Hcp \K-csØ H∂p-sIm≠pw ad-®p-h-bv°p-hm≥ Ign-bp-I-bn-√.’ \mw FX \ntj-[n-®mepw \Ω-fn¬ a-d™n-cn-°p∂ kØm-tN-X-

\sb Fß-s\-bmWv C√m-Xm-°m≥ Ign-bpI? ‘Rm≥ C√,’ ‘Rm≥C√’ Fs∂m-cmƒ hnfn-®p-]-d-™m¬ Abmƒ C√m-Xm-Iptam? ‘Rm≥

A⁄m-\n-bm-Wv’, ‘Rm≥ A⁄m-\n-bmWv’ F∂p ]d-™m¬Abmƒ A⁄m-\nbm-Iptam? ⁄m\w-sIm-≠t√ Abm-fXv ]d-b-

p∂Xv? ⁄m\-an-√m-™m¬ Fß-s\-bmWv Abmƒ A⁄m-\n-bm-sW∂v Adn -bpI? AXp -sIm≠v kØsb Hcn -°epw

AkXywsIm≠p ad-bv°p-hm≥ Ign-bp-I-bn-√. kXyw imiz-X-am-Wv. A\rXw Aim-iz-X-am-Wv. \ΩpsS Hmtcm A\p-`-h-Ønepw \nd-

™n-cn-°p∂ D◊Xs∂-bmWv F√m ]m]-©n-I-h-kvXp-°-fnepw \nd-

™n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. AXn-s\-bmWv kZvL\w F∂p ]d-bp-∂-Xv. a\p-jy\pw Dc-K-ßfpw ]£n-Ifpw arK-ßfpw ama-e-Ifpw aÆpw hnÆpw

F√mw kZvL-\-am-Wv. kZvL-\-ambn Adn-bp-tºm-gmWv At\-I-X-Iƒ Xntcm-`-hn-°p-∂-Xv. Aßs\ kZm-\-µ-ambn \ap°p Pohn-°m≥

Ign-bp-∂p.

91]nb-hn-jbw ]Xn sNbvXnSpw ]bXv\w

\nb-X-hp-a-ßs\ Xs∂ \nev°-bmte

]nb-a-P-a-hy-b-a-]-ta-b-ta-Im˛

Zzb-an-Xp-Xm≥ kpJ-am¿∂p \n∂n-Sp∂p.

]nb-hn-jbw ]Xn ˛ kpJ-ap-≠m-°p∂ hnjbw

t\Sm-\mbn

sNbvXnSpw ]bXv\w ˛ \mw ]bXv\w sNøp∂p.

\nb-Xhpw ˛ Ft∏mgpw

Aß-s\-Xs∂ ˛ kpJw-tX-Sp∂ hyKX

\n¬°-bmte ˛ \ne-\n¬°pw.

]nbw ˛ ]nbw

APw ˛ AXv P\n°m-Ø-XmWv.

Ahybw ˛ AXv \mi-an-√m-Ø-Xm-Wv.

A]-tabw ˛ AXv Adn-hn\v hnj-b-am-hm-Ø-XmWv.

GIm-Zzbw ˛ AXv GIhpw AZz-b-hp-amWv.

CXp-Xm≥ ˛ Cu ]nbw Xs∂-bmWv

kpJ-am¿∂p \n∂n-Sp∂p ˛ B\-µ-kz-cq-]ambn \n¬°p-∂-Xv.

a\p-jy≥ Hcp kXym-t\z-jnbm-Ip-∂-Xn-\p-apºv kzm`m-hn-I-ambnXs∂ Hcp kpJm-t\z-jn-bm-Wv. kpJ-hn-j-b-ßƒ tXSn-bmWv Ah≥

Ae-bp-∂-Xv. hni∏v Hcp ZpxJ-am-Wv. t]mj-W-Øns‚ A`m-h-amWv hni-s∏∂p ]d-bp-∂-Xv. B ZpxJsØ \nhm-cWw sNøp-hm≥ A∂sØ

Xnc-bp-∂p. hni-∏-S-ßn-bm¬ kpJ-ap-≠m-bn. At∏mƒ Ah≥ IcpXpwA∂-Øn-emWv kpJw Ccn-°p-∂-sX-∂v. IqSp-X¬ A∂w Ign-®m¬ Aß-

s\-bm-sW-¶n¬ IqSp-X¬ kpJw Int -≠--Xt√? AsXm-cn-°epw kw`hn-°p-∂n-√. Hcm-fpsS CjvS-h-kvXp-hmb ]mbkw Abm-sf-s°m≠v ]Øp

•ms -¶nepw \n¿_-‘n®p IpSn-∏n-®m¬ Abmƒ°v B ]mb-k-Øn-t\mSvshdp∏p hcm≥ XpS-ßpw. ]mbkw kpJ-h-kvXp-hm-bn-cn-°p-∂p-sh-¶n¬

Abm-fn¬ Fßs\-bmWv ]ns∂ AXv shdp-∏ns\ D≠m°p-∂Xv? \mwtemI-Øn-ep-≈ F√m hnj-b-ß-fn-epancn-°p∂ \Ω-fpsS ]nb-Xsb

[ym\m-fl-I-ambn aqey-hn-th-N\w \SØn t\m°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ ]nb-

Øns‚ tkmX v hnj-b-a-s√∂pw ]nb-Øns‚ tkmX v Bfl-k-Ø-bm-sW∂pw Adn-bm\m-Ipw. ]nbsØ At\z-jn-®p-≈ bmX Hcn-

°epw Ah-km-\n-°p-∂n-√.

B¿°mWv kpJw th≠m-ØXv? F∂m¬ £Wn-I-ambkpJsØ imiz-X-amb kpJ-Øn-\p-th≠n hnth-In-I-fm-b-h¿ XyPn-

°m-dp-≠v. Aßs\ XyPn-°ptºmgpw kpJm-t\z-jWw \nb-X-am-bn-Xs∂ \n¬°p-∂p. ]nb-hkvXp \nXy-amb B\-µsØ ]Zm\w

sNøp-∂n-S-tØmfw At\z-jWw \o≠p-\o≠p t]mIp-∂p. Bflm-hn¬ amXta \nXy-amb B\µ ap≈q. Bflm-\µw AP-am-Wv. AXv

Fs∂-¶nepw D≠m-bn-´p-≈-X-√. D≠m-Im-Ø-Xp-sIm≠v \in-°p-IbpwC√. P\-\hpw hn\m-ihpw IqSmsX B\µw ]Im-in-°p-∂p. a[p-c-

ap-≈ ]mbkw IpSn-°p-∂-Xp-t]m-se-b√ Bflm-\µw A\p-`-hn-°p-∂-Xv. ]mbkw Hcp hnj-b-am-Wv. ck-\-bn-eq-sS-bmWv AX-dn-bp-∂-

Xv. Bflm-\µw Hcp hnj-b-a-√m-Ø-Xn-\m¬ A]-ta-b-am-Wv. Cµn-b-ßƒsImt≠m a\- p-sImt≠m Adn-bm≥ Ign-bp-I-bn-√. hnj-b-

kp-J-ßƒ At\-I-am-sW-¶nepw Bfl-kpJw GI-am-Wv. AZz-b-hp-am-Wv. Cu B\-µ-kz-cq-]-ta¥n \mw \ΩpsS Pohn-XsØ kw^p-√-

am-t°-≠-Xp-≠v.

92

hyb-a-W-bmsX shfn°p the sNøpw

\nbaan-cn-∏-Xp-sIm≠p \nXy-amIpw

]nb-a-Ita ]ncn-bm-sX-bp-≠n-Xn-∂o

Inb-sbmcp tIhe_mly-enw-K-amIpw.

hyba-W-bmsX ˛ hncm-a-an-√msX

shfn°p the sNøpw ˛ _mly-ambn \mw I¿Ωw sNbvXp-

sIm-t≠-bn-cn-°p-∂p

\nbaw ˛ F∂ \nbaw

Ccn-∏-XpsIm≠v ˛ Df-f-Xp-Im-cWw

\nXy-amIpw ]nbw ˛ \nXy-amb B\µw

AIta ]ncn-bmsXbp≠v ˛ \Ωn¬ A¥¿\n-ln-X-ambn Ccn-

°p-∂p-≠v.

CXn∂v ˛ Bflm-\-µ-Øn\v

Cu Inb ˛ _mly-ambn sNøp∂ Inb-Iƒ

Hcp _mly-enw-K-amIpw ˛ Bflm-\-µsØ tZymXn-∏n-°p∂

_mlytNjvS-Iƒ amX-amIpw.

CXp-h-sc- \mw t]dn-\-S-∂n-cp∂ F√m ap≥[m-c-W-I-tfbpw XInSw

adn-bv°p∂ shfn-s∏-Sp-ØemWv ‘]nbw AIta ]ncn-bmsXbp≠v’F∂p-≈-Xv. ]nbw F∂m¬ B\-µw. At∏mƒ ZpxJ-sØ-°p-dn®v IhnX

Fgp-Xn-b-hcpw IY-Iƒ Na-®-hcpw Z¿i-\-ßƒ Icp-∏n-Sn-∏n-®-hcpw\n¬°-°-≈n-bn-√msX \´w Xncn-tb≠n hcpw. \mw B\-µ-am-Wv, ZpxJ-

a-√. tbip ]d™p: Bflm-hn¬ Zcn-Z-cm-b-h¿ `mKy-hm-∑m¿ F∂v.Kpcp AXv Xncp-Øp-∂p: Bflm-hn\p Zmcn-Zy-an-√. Bflmhv alm-k-º-

∂-\m-Wv. [\y-Xbpw \ndhpw Bflm-hp-X-s∂-bm-Wv. ZmcnZysØ Hcp`mKy-ambn Icp-Xp-∂Xv ]Xn-tem-a-I-c-amb Hcp Z¿i-\-am-Wv. ]IrXn

apgp-h≥ hk-¥-k-ao-c-W-\n¬ ]qh-Wn-bp-tºmƒ ]qØp-ºn-Iƒ Xp≈n-°-fn-°p-Ibpw a[p-a-£n-I-Iƒ aqfn-∏m´p ]mSp-Ibpw tImIn-e-ßƒ

ImIfn ]mSp-Ibpw sNøp-tºmƒ Bfl-Z-cn-Z-\m-b-h≥ KZvKZw s]mgn-°p-∂Xv DØ-a-amb Z¿i-\-am-bn-cn-°n-√. F√m krjvSn-Ifpw B\-µ-

Øn¬\n∂mWv kw`-hn-°p-∂-Xv. anYp-\-ß-fpsS -kwtbmKw Zpc-¥-]q¿Æ-a√. Aß-s\-bm-sW-¶n¬ AXn¬ ]nbX Df-hm-°p∂ t]c-

Wsb Cu ]m]-©n-I-X-bn¬ ImWp-am-bn-cp-∂n-√. Hcp \¿ØIn\rØ-am-Sp-tºmƒ Ag-Im¿∂ AwK-N-e\-ß-fn¬\n∂pw \b-\-ß-

fnepw apJØpw ]cn-tim- n-X-am-bn-cn-°p∂ ]km-Zm-fl-I-X-bn¬\n∂pwHs° \mw a\- n-em-°p-∂Xv, D≈n-en-cn-°p∂ B\-µ-amWv ]pdsØNe-\sØ krjvSn-°p-∂-sX-∂m-Wv.

F√m-h-cp -tSbpw D≈n¬ \nXy-amb B\µw Bfl-k-Ø-bn¬\n∂pw ]ncn-bmsX Ccn-°p-∂p-≠v. \mw sNøp∂ Inb-I-sf√mwAXns‚ _mly-amb Bhn-jvIm-c-ßƒ amX-am-Wv. NnX-Im-c≥ NnXwhc-°p-∂Xpw I¿j-I≥ hb-en¬ hnØn-d-°p∂Xpw Bimcn ac-Øn¬sImØp-∂Xpw Fgp-Øp-Im-c≥ kmln-Xy-ßƒ Ipdn®n-Sp-∂Xpw F√mwB\-µ-Øns‚ _mly-enw-K-ß-fm-Wv.

k¿hw ln k®n-Zm-\µwt\l \m\mkvXn In©\.

F√mw k®n-Zm-\µw amXw. thsd H∂pw ChnsSbn√. CXmWv Kpcp-hns‚ Z¿i-\w.

93Ne-ap-S-e‰ X\n°p Xs‚-bm-flm˛

hnep-a-[nIw ]nb-h-kvXp-hn-√-b\yw

hne-kn-Sp-am-fl-KXw ]nbw hnSmXo

\ne-bn-en-cn-∏-Xp-sIm≠p \nXy-amflm.New DS-e‰ ˛ am‰-Øn\p hnt[-b-am-Ip∂

ico-c-tØmSp XmZm-fly-an-√m-Xmb

X-\n°v ˛ Hcp-h\v

Xs‚ Bflm-hnepw ˛ Xs‚ Bflm-hn-t\-°mƒ

A[nIw ]nb-hkvXp ˛ A[nIw ]nb-s∏-´-Xmb hkvXp A\y-w

C√ ˛ as‰-hn-sSbpw C√.

hne-knSpw ˛ kv]jvS-ambn A\p-`-hn-°p∂

Bfl-K-X-]nbw ˛ Bflm-hn-t\m-Sp-≈ ]nbw

hnSmsX ˛ hn´p-t]m-ImsX

Cu \ne-bn¬ ˛ CtX \ne-bn¬Xs∂

Ccn-∏-Xp-sIm≠v ˛ XpS-cp-∂-Xp-sIm≠v

Bflm \nXyw ˛ Bflmhv \nXy-amWv.

icocw am‰-Øn\p hnt[-b-am-Wv. Hcp inip-hm-bn-cn-°p-tºmƒicocw \t∂ arZphpw Zp¿_-e-hp-am-bn-cn-°pw. F∂m¬ B DS¬X-

s∂-bmWv _mey-Øn-eq-sSbpw Iuam-c-Øn-eq-sSbpw buh-\-Øn-eqsSbpw hm¿≤-Iy-Øn-eq-sSbpw ]cn-W-an-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. ico-

c-Øns‚ Cu Ne-\-kz-`m-h-hp-ambn XmZm-fly-s∏-´m¬ kpJ-Zpx-J-ßƒamdn-amdn h∂p-sIm-≠n-cn-°pw.

io_p-≤s‚ ASpØv Hcp bphXn Xs‚ acn-®p-t]mb Ip™n-s‚ih-i-co-c-hp-ambn FØn. Ahƒ tIWp-I-c-™-psIm≠v io_p-≤-t\mSvAt]-£n®p: ‘Fs‚ Htc-sbmcp Ip™v acn-®p-t]m-bn. F\n-°n\n Bcp-

an-√. Atß-s°s‚ Ip™n\v ]p\¿P∑w \¬Im-\m-hpw.’ _p≤≥ bp-h-Xnsb t\m°n. Ah-fpsS ssZ\y-X-bn¬ Aenhp tXm∂nb _p≤- -K-

hm≥ ]d-™p: ‘\o Fhn-sS-\n-s∂-¶nepw Hcp ISp-Ip-aWn hmßn-s°m≠phcq. Bcpw acn-°mØ hoń¬\n-∂m-bn-cn-°Ww ISp-Ip-aWn sIm≠p-h-

cp-hm≥.’ Iri-Ku-Xan F∂mWv B bph-Xn-bpsS t]cv. Ahƒ Ip™ns\

AhnsS InSØn ISp-Ip-aWn hmßn-°p-hm-\mbn HmSn. BZyw I≠hoń¬ Ibdn. AhnsS ISp-Ip-≠v. ]t£, B Krl-\m-Ys‚ A—≥

Ipd-®p-\m-fp-Iƒ°p-ap-ºmWv acn-®p-t]m-b-Xv. k‘y-bm-Ip-thmfw hoSp-IƒtXmdpw Ib-dn-bn-d-ßn-bn´pw Bcpw acn-°mØ hoń-¬\n∂pw KuX-

an°v ISp-Ip-aWn Inń-bn-√. Ahƒ°p a\- n-embn acWw F√m- hoSp-I-fnepw kw`-hn-®n-´p-s≠-∂v. Xs‚ Ip™v amX-a√ acn-®sX∂v. Ah-fpsS D≈n¬ Adn-hns‚ Xnf-°w A\p-`-h-s∏-´p. kzm`m-hn-I-amb Hcp]im¥n Dudn-°q-Sn. Ahƒ Xncn-®p-h∂v _p≤s‚ Im¬°¬ InS-Øn-bn-cp∂ Ip™ns\ FSp-Øp-sIm-≠p-t]mbn kwkvI-cn-®p. F∂n´vio_p-≤s‚ injy-bmbn.

DS-en-t\m-Sp≈ ]nbw Gdn-b-Xp-sIm-≠mWv Ahƒ°v ZpxJw D≠m-b-Xv. F∂m¬ Xncn®v AXn-\p-]cn Hcp kXyw Ds≠∂v Ahƒ°v

t_m[y-s∏-´p. Aßs\ Bflm-hn¬ ]nbw P\n-®p. ico-c-Øn-t\m-Sp-≈ XmZmflyw hnS-Ww. Bflm-hn¬ ]nbw P\n-®m¬ amXta DS-en-t\m-Sp-≈ cmKw A‰p-t]m-hp-I-bp-≈q. hncmKX ASn-t®¬∏n°m-sX-Xs∂Bflm-hn-ep-≈ ]nbw hnI-kn-∏n-s®-Sp-°p-I-bmWv th≠Xv. Bflmhv]nb-Øns‚ Ccn-∏n-S-am-Wv. _rl-Zmc-Wy-tIm-]-\n-j-Øn¬ bm⁄-h-evIy≥ ssatX-bn-tbmSp ]d-bp∂p: mcy ¿Øm-hns\ kvt\ln-°p-∂Xv`¿Ømhn-ep-≈ ]nbw sIm≠-√. Bflm-hn-ep-≈ ]nbw-sIm-≠m-Wv.`¿Ømhv `mcysb kvt\ln-°p-∂Xpw `mcy-bn-ep-≈ ]nbw sIm≠-√.Bflm-hn-ep-≈ ]nbw-sIm-≠m-Wv. Bflm-hn¬ ]nbw P\n-®m¬

H∂nt\mSpw shdp∏p tXm∂p-I-bn√ . ico-c-Xm-Zm-fly-ap≈-h¿°p amXtashdp∏v F∂ hnImcw P\n-°p-I-bp-≈q.

‘\ns∂-t∏mse \ns‚ Ab¬°m-c-t\bpw kvt\ln-°p-I.’ Cu

Ab¬°mc≥ \ΩpsS Bflm-hmbn hc-Ww. Rm≥ Fs∂ kvt\ln-°p-∂-Xp-t]m-se-bmWv Ab¬°m-cs\ kvt\ln-°p-∂-Xv. Bflm-hn-

ep-≈ ]nbw DW¿∂mte B kvt\lw k^-e-am-Iq. ss__n-fn¬kvt\l-sØ-°p-dn®v tbip a[p-tcm-Zm-c-ambn kwkm-cn-°p-∂p.

ssZhw kvt\l-am-sW∂p ]d-bp-∂p. F∂m¬ Kpcp Bflm-hn-en-cn-°p∂ ]nbw Xs∂-bmWv ssZhm-\p-`qXn F∂p ]d-bp-I-bmWv sNøp-

∂-Xv. \mw \sΩ \√-hÆw kvt\ln-°p-I. Ne-ap-S-e‰v kvt\ln-°p-I. At∏mƒ B\µw kzm`m-hn-I-amb Hcp Ah-ÿ-bmbn amdpw.

kzm`m-hnIw F∂m¬ Cgn-hn-√mØ B\-µ-am-Wv. AXp-sIm≠vB\µw Bflm-hp-X-s∂-bm-Wv. \ΩpsS F√m A`n-c-a-\-ßfpw

Bflm-[n-jvTn-X-am-b-Xp-sIm≠v Bflmhv \nXy-am-Wv. BflmhvFs∂∂pw D≈-Xm-Wv. CXp [ym\n-°p-I.

94De-I-hp-ap-≈-Xp-am-bv°-e¿∂p \nev°pw

\ne hep-Xm-sbmcp \oXn-tI-Sn-XtX,

Adp-Xn-bn-Sm-\-cp-Xm-X-hm-Mva-t\m-tKm˛

Nc-an-Xn-seßp Ncn-®nSpw ]amWw?

De-Ihpw ˛ \ma-cq-]m-fl-I-amb temIhpw

D≈-Xp-ambn ˛ ]c-a-k-Xy-hp-ambn

Ie¿∂n-\nev°pw \ne ˛ H∂n®p Ie¿∂n-cn-°p∂ ÿnXn

hep-Xmb ˛ hfsc henb

Hcp \oXn-tI-Sn-X-tX ˛ Hcp \oXn-tI-Sm-Wv, sshcp-≤y-amWv.

Adp-Xn-bn-Sm≥ Acp-XmX ˛ Adp-Xn-bn-√mØ Cu hntcm-[m-`mkw

Ahm-Mva-t\m-tKm-Ncw ˛ hm°p-sIm≠p hnh-cn-°mt\m a\ p-

sIm≠p Kln-°mt\m Ign-bpI-bn-√.-

CXn¬ ˛ Cu sshcp-≤y-Øn-¬

Fßp Ncn-®nSpw ]amWw? ˛ Fßs\ ]am-W-ßƒ

]h¿Øn°pw?

shfn-®-ap-≈n-SØv Ccp-ń\p \n¬°m≥ Ign-bp-I-bn-√. CXp X¿°-a‰ kwK-Xn-bm-Wv. F∂m¬ shfn-®hpw Ccp´pw H∂n-®n-cn-°p-∂n-SØpamX-amWv ]]-©-]-XoXn D≠m-Ip-∂-Xv. Hcp hkvXp-hns\ ImWm≥klm-bn-°p-∂Xv hmkvX-h-Øn¬ shfn-®w-sIm-≠p- am-X-a-√, BhkvXp-hn\p Ccp-ń-s‚-Xm-bn-´p≈ Hcp ]›m-Ø-ehpw thWw. GXpcq]w FSp-Ømepw AXn¬ Ccp´pw shfn-®hpap≠v. shfn-®-Øns‚A`m-h-amWv Ccp-s´∂p ]d-bp-∂-Xv. shfn-®-Øn¬Xs∂ Ccp´vDƒt®¿∂n-cn-°p-∂p-≠v. CsXmcp henb sshcp-≤y-am-Wv. Ccp-´p-t]m-se-X-s∂-bmWv \ma-cq-]m-fl-I-am-bn-cn-°p∂ temIw Ak-Xy-am-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. B temIw BXy-¥n-I-am-b- k-Xy-hp-ambn H∂n-®n-cn-°p-∂XvZm¿i-\n-I-X-bn¬ hcp∂ Hcp sshcp-≤y-am-Wv. AXn-s\bmWv Kpcp\oXn-tI-sS∂p ]d-bp-∂-Xv. Cu \oXn-tI-Sns\ Xo¿°p-hm≥ th≠n-bmWv F√m XØz-Nn-¥-Ifpw Z¿i-\-im-kvX-ßfpw H∂-s√-¶n¬thsd Xc-Øn¬ XØz-ßsf Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. F∂n´v C∂pw Cu]iv\w ]cn-lr-X-am-bn-ń-√.

]iv\w F¥mWv? sshcp-≤y-ap-≈ c≠p hkvXp-°ƒ H∂n-®n-cn-°p∂p F∂p-≈-XmWv ]iv\w. hmkvX-h-Øn¬ kXy-Øn\p sshcp-≤y-an-√. sshcp≤yw \Ω-fn-emWv Ccn-°p-∂-Xv. \Ω-fpsS sshcp-≤y-amWv kXy-Øn¬ \Ωƒ Btcm-]n-°p-∂-Xv. XØz-Nn-¥m-K-l\vsshcp-≤y-an-s√∂v Kpcp-Xs∂ ]d-™n-´p-≠v. hm°p-sImt≠m a\- p-sImt≠m ]d-bp-hmt\m hnNm-cw-sN-øphmt\m Ign-bm-Ø-XmWv Bfl-k-Xy-Øns‚ \ne. Cßs\ hm°pw a\ pw ]th-in-°mØ H∂n-s\-°p-dn®v Fßs\ a\- p-sIm≠v Nn¥n-°m\pw hm°p-sIm≠p ]d-bm\pw Ignbpw?

F∂m¬ \Ωƒ CXn-s\-°p-dn®v h¿j-ß-fmbn N¿∆n-X-N¿∆Ww\S-Øn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-∂p. ]am-W-ßƒ D≤-cn-°p-∂p. Hmtcm imkvX-Øn\pw AXn-t‚-Xmb ]am-W-ß-fp-≠v. Nm¿∆m-I\pw F∏n°yqd pwImWp-∂-Xns\ amXta kXy-ambn FÆp-∂p-≈q. Ah¿ ]-Xy-£-hm-Zn-I-fm-Wv. ]Xy£w amXta Ah¿°p ]am-W-am-bn-cn-°p-∂p-≈q.Nne¿ A\p-am\tØbpw AXns‚IqsS Iq´pw. At∏mƒ I≠-Xns‚ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ A\p-am\w \SØn AXn-eq-sSbpw kXyw Is≠-Øm≥ ian-°pw. a\ v Ncn-°mØnSØv A\p-am-\-Øn-\v F¥v kmwK-

Xy-am-Wp-f-fXv? CXp-t]mse D]-am-\w, i_vZw, A¿∞m-]-Øn, A\p-]-e_v[n F∂o ]am-W-ß-sfms° thZm-¥n-Iƒ D]-tbm-Kn-®p-t]m-

cm-dp-≠v. F∂m¬ AsX√mw shdpw t\c-tºm-°p-Iƒ amXw. Bfl-

k-Øbpw temIhpw H∂n-®n-cn-°p∂ \ne Hcp A¤p-X-]-Xn-`m-k-am-Wv. B ]Xn-`m-ksØ B›-cy-`-cn-X-\mb Hcp inip-hn-s\-t∏mse

I≠n-cn-°m≥ amXta H°p-I-bp-≈q. I≠n-cn-°-W-sa-¶n¬ a\ p

IÆmSn t]mse-bm-I-Ww. AXn\v AsssZz-Xm-\p-`hw D≠m-I-Ww.

95hn]p-e-X-bm¿∂ hnt\m-Z-hnZy ambm˛

hyh-ln-X-bmbv hne-kp∂ hniz-hocyw

Ch-fn-h-fn-ß-h-Xo¿Æ-bm-bnSpw X˛

∂h-b-h-a-WvU-I-Sm-l-tIm-Sn-bmIpwhn]p-e-X-bm¿∂ ˛ A-Xn-cp-I-fn-√mØ

hnt\m-Z-hnZy ˛ Hcp B\-tµm-’-h-amWv

]]-©-]-Xn-`mkw

ambm-hy-h-ln-X-bmbv ˛ amb-bm¬ Bhr-X-ambn

hne-kp∂ ˛ ]I-S-am-Ip∂

hniz-hocyw ˛ hniz-ho-cy-amWv

Chƒ ˛ Chƒ.

Chƒ Cßv ˛ Cu hniz-hocyw ChnsS

]]-©-cq-]-Øn¬

Ah-Xo¿Æ-bm-bnSpw ˛ ]Xy-£-am-bn-Øo-cp∂p.

X≥ Ah-bhw ˛ hniz-ho-cy-amb Ch-fpsS

Ah-b-h-ß-fmWv

AWvU-I-Sm-l-tIm-Sn-bm-Ipw˛ FÆ-a‰ £oc-]-Y-ßƒ.

Kmcn kpJmhv F∂ imkvX-⁄≥ Dancing Wuli MastersFs∂mcp KŸ-sa-gp-Xn-bn- p-≠v. Cu KŸ-Øn¬ At±lw ]]©sØ

Du¿÷-tc-Wp-°-fpsS kwL-\r-Øambn- mWv h¿Æn-°p-∂-Xv. kwL-

SnX Du¿÷-]-S-e-sØ-bmWv wuli F∂ ssN\okv ]Zw-sIm≠v A¿∞-

am-°p-∂-Xv. B[p-\n-I-im-kvXw-t]mepw Du¿÷-I-W-ßƒ \rØw

sNøp∂p F∂p ]d-bp-tºmƒ \mcm-b-W-Kpcp hniz-X-¥sØ Hcp hnt\m-

Z-hn-Zy-bm-bn- mWv FÆp-∂-Xv. B hnt\m-Z-hn-Zy°v am\-ß-fn-√ (dimen-sionless). B¬_¿ v sF≥Ão≥ hymJym-\n-®p-X∂ hniz-Nn-X-Øn\v

\mev am\-ß-fm-Wp-f-f-Xv. \ofw, hoXn, Db-cw, Ne\w F∂n-h-bmWv B

\mep am\-ßƒ. F∂m¬ AXn-cpI-fn-√mØ \S-cm-P-s‚ B\-tµm’hw

`mc-X-Øns‚ mythologyI-fn¬ shdptX ]d-™p-t]m-cp∂ Imev]-

\n-I-X-b-√. sNdnb AWp-hnepw _rl-Ømb BIm-i-Ønepw Xkn-

®p\n¬°p∂ hniz-ho-cy-Øns‚ X≈n-®-sIm-≠mWv ]]-©-hn-em-kw-

Xs∂ kw -hn-°p-∂-Xv.

hniz-ho-cysØ Chƒ F∂mWv Kpcp ]d-bp-∂-Xv. ambmi‡n-bm-WXv.

i‡n inhs‚ hma- m-K-am-Wv. i‡n ssN\-°m¿°v yin BWv. Cu i‡n-

sb-X-s∂-bmWv _¿Kvk¨ elan vital F∂-Xp-sIm-≠p-t±-in-°p-∂-Xv. iocm-

a-Ir-jvW-]-c-a-lw-k¿ _“sØ tZhn-bm-bn- mWv Z¿in-°p-∂-Xv. AXp-sIm-

≠mWv Kpcp hniz-ho-cysØ Chƒ F∂p hnfn-°p-∂-Xv. Cu ImWm-hp∂

]]©hpw AXn-\-∏p-d-Øp-≈Xpw Cu tZhnbpsS AwK-hn-t£-]-ßƒ amX-

am-Wv. amb hnt£-]-i-‡n-sIm-≠mWv temIsØ D≠m-°n-°m-Wn-°p-∂-Xv.

96AWp-hp-a-J-WvU-hp-akvXn \mkvXn-sb-∂n˛

ßs\ hne-kp-∂n-cp- m-K-ambn c≠pw

AW-bp-a-\-¥-c-akvXn \mkvXn-sb-∂o˛

b\p- hw \ne-b‰p \n∂p-t]mIpw

AWphpw ˛ G‰hpw sNdpXpw

AJ-WvUhpw ˛ G‰hpw hepXpw

AkvXn \mkvXn ˛ D◊bpw C√m-bvabpw

F∂n-ßs\ ˛ F∂Xc-Øn-ep≈ Zzµzm-fl-I-X-bn¬

Ccp-`m-K-ambn ˛ Bfl-k-Ø-bpsS c≠p hi-ambn

hne-kp∂p ˛ ]Xo-X-am-Ip-∂p.

c≠pw AWbpw ˛ Bflm-\p-`-h-tØmsS Zzµz-ßƒ

\in°pw.

A\-¥cw ˛ A\-¥cw

AkvXn \mkvXn ˛ Ds≠∂pw Cs√∂pw

F∂o A\p-`-hhpw ˛ F∂p≈ A\p-`-hhpw

\ne-b‰p \n∂p-t]mIpw ˛ \ne-\n-¬°m-\m-ImsX

A]-Xy-£-amIpw

G‰hpw sNdnb H∂n-s\-bmWv AWp F∂p ]d-bp-∂-Xv. G‰hpw

hep-Xn-s\-bmWv AJWvUw F∂p ]d-bp-∂-Xv. At\Iw AWp-°ƒ

tN¿∂mWv Cu ]]-©-Ønse Hmtcm hkvXphpw D≠m-bn-´p-≈-Xv.

F√m hkvXp-°fpw H∂n-®p-tN-cp-tºmƒ AXv AJ-WvU-am-bn. Bfl-

kXyw Htc-k-abw sNdp-Xnepw sNdpXpw hep-Xnepw hep-Xp-am-Wv.

AXv Al-¥-bpsS cq]-sa-SpØv k¶p-Nn-X-ambn s]cp-am-dm-dp-≠v.

Al¥ AWpXzw ssIh-cn-°p-tºm-gmWv k¶p-NnXXzw D≠m-Ip-∂-

Xv. Xs‚ hy‡n-K-X-amb kpJ-Øn-\p-th≠n amXw Pohn-°p-∂n-SØv

Hmtcm a\p-jy\pw \nIr-jvS-amb Hcp hy‡n-Xz-Øn-te°v Xmgp-I-

bmWv sNøp-∂-Xv. F∂m¬ k¶p-Nn-X-amb Hcp a\- ns\ If™vhnizsØ apgp-h≥ kvt\ln-°m≥ Ign-bp∂ Hcp AJ-WvU-t_m-[-

am-bn-Øo-cp-hm\pw \ap°p Ign-bpw.]]©w ISp-Ip-a-Wn-tbmfw Npcp-ßn-bn-cn-°p∂ Hcp Ah-ÿ-bn¬

\n∂mWv s]mń-sØ-dn-®-Xv. Aßs\ s]mń-sØ-dn® ]]-©-amWvCt∏mƒ hnI-kn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. D≈n-s‚-bp-≈n¬ Npcp-ßn-t∏m-

Ip-tºmƒ \Ωfpw s]mń-sØ-dn-°mdp-≠v. \Ω-fpsS s]mń-sØdntIm[m-th-i-Øn-emWv ]cn-W-an-°p-I. AtX-t]m-se-X-s∂-bmWv

a\ v D◊-bp-tSbpw C√m-bva-bp-tSbpw [ph-ß-fn¬ Xń De-bp-∂-Xv. D◊ ]Xym-im-P-\-I-am-Wv. C√mbva \ncm-im-P-\-I-am-Wv.

F∂m¬ CsXms° tXm∂-ep-Iƒ amX-am-Wv. CsX√mw sI´p-t]m-Ipw. Xo sISp-∂-Xp-t]m-se. Aßs\ sI´p-t]m-Ip∂ Ah-ÿ-bn-

emWv \n¿hmWw kw`-hn-°p-∂-Xv. io_p≤≥ \n¿hmWw F∂p ]d-bp-∂Xv a\- ns‚ [ph-ßƒ°n-S-bn-ep-≈ Btµm-f\w \ne-bv°p-∂-Xn-

s\-bm-Wv. \n¿hmWw D◊tbm C√m-bvatbm A√. AXp sNdptXmheptXm A√. AXp hmK-Xo-X-amb A\p-`-h-am-Wv. ]]-©-]-Xo-Xn-I-

sf√mw \ne-bn-√msX \ne-®p-t]m-Ip∂ Cu A\p- -h-km-I-eysØ FSp-Øp-Im-Wn-°m-\mWv Cu t«mI-Øn-eqsS Kpcp ian-°p-∂-Xv.

97AWp-h-dn-hn≥ aln-am-hn-ew-K-an-√m˛

XW-bp-a-J-WvU-hp-a∂p ]q¿Æ-amIpw

A\p- -hn-bm-X-dn-ho-e-J-WvUamw NnZv˛

L\-anXp au\-L-\m-ar-Xm-_v[n-bmIpw

AWp ˛ Poh≥

Adn-hn≥ ˛ tIh-e-amb Adn-hns‚

aln-am-hn¬ ˛ al-X-z-Øn¬

AwK-an-√msX ˛ imco-cn-IX A‰p-t]mbn

AWbpw ˛ hnebw ]m]n°pw.

AJ-WvUhpw A∂v ˛ AJ-WvU-amb kXyw At∏mƒ

]q¿Æ-amIpw ˛ ]q¿Æ-Xsb ]m]n°pw.

A\p-`-hn-bmsX Adn-hoe ˛ kzm\p-`qXn hcmsX CX-dn-bn√.

AJ-WvUamw ˛ AJ-WvU-amb

NnZvL-\-anXv ˛ NnZvL-\-am-WnXv.

au\-L-\m-ar-Xm-_v[n-bmIpw˛ au\w L\o-`q-X-amb Aar-X-

km-K-c-am-Wn-Xv.

IS¬°-c-bnse ]p¬s°m-Sn-bn¬ Xßn-\n-∂n-cp∂ Pe-IWw IS-en¬ hoWp. s]s -∂Xv IS-embn amdn. IW-Øn\p IS-em-Ip-hm≥ Hcp

s\mSn aXn. ]t£, Hcp-]m-Sv ImØn-cp-∂n- p-thWw IS-e-W-bp-hm≥. AWp-hmb Poh≥ FX-sbX k©-cn-®mWv Bflm-hns‚ Xoc-sØ-Øn-bn-cn-

°p-∂-Xv. B aln-X-hn-im-e-Xsb I≠-t∏mƒ Pohs‚ D≈n-s‚-bp-≈n¬\n∂v Hcp kzcw h∂p. \ns‚ tkmX- mWv Cu A\-¥-X-. Cu

A\-¥-X-bn¬ Aen-bm-\mWv \o P\n-®-Xv. AXmWv \ns‚ kmbp-Pyw.Pohs‚ PohXzw Adn-hns‚ al-Xz-hp-ambn Ie¿∂p-cpIn H∂m-bn-

Øo¿∂p. JWvUn-X-a-√m-sØmcp t_m[w. A\p- -h-Øns‚ ]q¿Æn-a.tX≥ IpSn-®n- n-√mØ Hcm-tfmSv tX\ns‚ a[p-cn-a-sb-°p-dn®v Fßs\

samgn-bm-\mWv? ]d-™mepw Abmƒ°v a\- n-em-hp-I-bn-√. A¥-cm-flm-hns‚ tX\nºw kzm\p- q-Xn-sIm-≠pXs∂ \pW-b-Ww. ]ns∂ H∂pw

an≠m≥ Ign-bp-I-bn-√. Bfl-im-¥n-bpsS AKm-[-X--bn¬ au\w XnSwh®p \n¬°p∂p. L\o- q-X-amb au\w! Nn¥m-c-ln-X-amb qanI! Aar-

X-Øns‚ \oe-km-Kcw!

98CXp-hsc \msamcp hkvXp-hn-ß-dn-™o˛

eXn-kp-J-sa-∂-\niw IYn-°-bmte

aXn apX-em-bh amdn-bm-ep-am-fl˛

kzX-b-gn-bm-X-dn-sh∂p sNm√n-tS-Ww.

AXn-kp-J-sa∂v ˛ IqSp-X¬ kpJw thWsa∂v

A\niw ˛ Ft∏mgpw

IYn-°-bmte ˛ ]d-bp-∂-Xp-Im-cWw

CXp-hsc ˛ CXbpw Ime-am-bn´pw

\mw ˛ \mw

Hcp hkvXp ˛ GI-amb Bfl-hkvXp

Cß-dn-™oe ˛ ChnsS Adn-™-tX-bn-√.

aXn apX-em-bh ˛ \m\m-Xz-`-a-Øn\v CS hcp-Øp∂

Nn¥-Iƒ

amdn-bmepw ˛ C√m-Xm-bmepw

Bfl-kzX ˛ Bfl-kzXzw

AgnbmX Adn-sh∂v ˛ Agn-hn-√mØ Adn-hm-sW∂v

sNm√n-tSWw ˛ samgn-™n-tSWw

kpJ-hn-j-b-ßƒ°p ]n∂mse ]c°w ]mbp∂ a\p-jy≥ Bfl-

im¥n Fs¥∂v Adn-bp-∂n-√. kpJ-hn-j-b-ßsf hn]p-e-s∏-Sp-Øn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p∂ imkvXhpw kmt¶-Xn-I-Xbpw Ht´sd ]hr-≤-am-bn-°-gn-

™p. Hmtcm cmjvShpw Ah-cpsS Pohn-X-\ne-hmcw sa®-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm≥ imkvX-km-t¶-Xn-IX-Isf hnI-kn-∏n®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv.

\√ hoSv, \√ Im¿, \√ hkvXw, cpNn-I-c-amb £-W-ßƒ CsXms°

kpJm-t\z-j-W-Øns‚ ]mX-bn-ep-ff Is≠-Ø-ep-I-fm-Wv. ‘Hcp kpJ-

Øn¬\n∂v AXnepw sa®-ap-≈ thsdmcp kpJ-Øn-te° v ’ AXmWv

\ΩpsS apZm-hm-Iyw. AXp-sIm≠v Zn\w-]Xn ^mj≥ amdp-∂p. A`n-

cp-Nn-Iƒ amdp-∂p. _‘-ßƒ DS-®p-hm¿Øp-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p.

AXn-kp-J-sa∂v A\niw IYn-°-bm-te. kpJw thWw kpJwthWw F∂mWv ]d-™p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. ]ns∂ FhnsS-bmWv\ap°v \sΩ Adn-bp-hm≥ t\cw? \mw \ΩpsS ]im-¥n-bpsS XocØvCØn-cn-t\-c-sa-¶nepw Ccp-∂n-´pt≠m? \ΩpsS Bflm-hns‚ ]W-h-a¿Ω-c-ßsf C\n-a-tbmsS Bkz-Zn-®n-´p-t≠m? \mw \ΩpsS Bflm-hns‚ Bg-ta-dnb hnlm-b- n¬ t`Z-ß-fn-√msX Hcn-°-se-¶nepw hne-bn-®n-´pt≠m? Cs√∂p ]d-tb≠n hcpw. \mw H∂pw Adn-™n-´n-√.F∂m¬ Adn-bm≥ th≠n-bm-bn-cp∂p A°m-Z-an-I-fn¬ t]mbn ]Tn-®-Xv. A°m-Z-an-Iƒ aXn-h¿≤n-\n-I-fm-Wv. aXn F∂m¬ _p≤n-bm-Wv.hyh-t—-Zn-°p∂ _p≤n. aXn h¿≤n-°p-tºmƒ AXns\ Al-ΩXnF∂p ]d-bpw. Al-Ω-Xn-bn¬\n∂pw ]Sp-Øp-b¿Ø-s∏´ PohnXw]fp-¶p-sIm-´mcw t]mse-bmWv. sNdn-sbm-cm-LmXw aXn. XI¿∂pXcn-∏-W-am--Ipw.

Fs¥√mw ]bm-k-ß-fmWv a\p-jy≥ A\p-`-hn-°p-∂Xv? GIm-¥-Xbpw \ncm-ibpw DXvI-WvTbpw oXn-bp-sa√mw Hcp-hs‚ hy‡n-

XzsØ Im¿∂p-Xn-∂p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p. F∂mepw \mw Adn-hm-f-∑m-sc-t∏mse kwkm-cn-°pw. F\n-s°s∂ Adn-bm-sa∂p hºp ]d-

bpw. F∂m¬ Bfl-kzm-X¥yw B\p-`q-Xn-I-am-Wv. AXp ]im-¥n-bpsS el-cn-bmWv. hnjm-Z-—-hn-bn-√mØ NnZm-Im-i-am-Wv. AXn-

s\-bmWv Bfl-kzX F∂p ]d-bp-∂-Xv. Hcn-°epw \in-®p-t]m-ImØ Cu A¥¿⁄m\w ho≠pw ho≠pw \mw Adn-™p-sIm-

≠n-cn-°-Ww. ]d-™p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-Ibpw thWw.

99Adn-h-l-sa-∂-Xp-c-≠p-ta-I-am-am˛

hc-W-sam-gn-™-h\\y\p≠p hmZw

Adn-hns\ hn -l-a-\y-am-Ip-sa-∂m˛

edn-hn-s\-bn-ß-dn-bm-\p-am-cp-an-√.

Adnhv ˛ tIh-e-amb Adnhv

Alw F∂Xp c≠pw ˛ Rm≥ F∂p≈ c≠pw

Bh-cWw Hgn-™-h\v ˛ ambm-ad amdn-b-h\v

GIamw ˛ GIamWv.

A\y\v ˛ Bh-cWw Hgn-bm-Ø-h\v

hmZ-ap≠v ˛ C°m-cy-Øn¬ X¿°-ap-≠v.

Adn-hns\ hn´v ˛ ]c-a-amb Adn-hn¬\n∂v

Alw ˛ Rm≥

A\y-amIpw F∂m¬ ˛ thsdbm-sW∂p h∂m¬

Adn-hns\ ˛ Cu Adn-hns\

Cßv Adn-bm\pw ˛ ChnsS Adn-bm\pw

Bcp-an√ ˛ Bcpw D≠m-bn-cn-°p-I-bn√.

Btflm-]-tZ-i-i-XIw awKfw ]mSp-∂-Xn\p apºmbn AXns‚

kn≤m¥w Hcn-°¬°qSn Ac-°n´v Dd-∏n-°p-∂p. B kn≤m¥w CXm-

Wv. Adnhpw Rm\pw c≠-√. GI-am-Wv. ]t£, Cu GIXzw Adn-bm-

Ø-h-sc-°p-dn®p≈ ]cn-K-W-\bpw Kpcp hn´p-If-bp-∂n-√. AXp-sIm-

≠mWv Bh-c-W-sam-gn-™-h¿°p amX-amWv Adn-hn-t‚bpw Al-Øn-

t‚bpw GIm-fl-IX D◊-bn¬ sXfn-™p-h-cp-∂p-≈q. \mcm-b-W-Kpcp

B GIm-fl-I-X-bpsS Pohn-°p∂ km£y-am-bn-cp-∂p. k¿h-Ønepw

Xs∂bpw, Xs∂ k¿h-Ønepw I≠-dn-bp-∂-h¿ Imcp-Wy-im-en-I-fmWv.

Atd-_y≥ aW-em-c-Wy-Øn¬ sIm≠p-]n-Sn® lnwk-Iƒ°n-S-bnepw

]hm-N-I-\mb apl-ΩZp\_n Imcp-Wy-Øns‚ ]q¿Øo-I-c-W-amb

PohnXw temI-Øn\p ImWn®p-sIm-Sp-Øp. Pdp-k-te-anepw tPm¿Zm≥

\Zo-X-Sß-fnepw tbip hnfw-_cw sNbvX kvt\l-k-tµiw AssZz-

X-t_m-[-Øn¬\n∂v Dd-h-sIm-≠-Xmbn-cp-∂p. Rm\pw Fs‚ ]nXmhpwc≠√ F∂p ]d™ tbip [n°m-cn-b-√. Ffn-b-h-\n¬ Ffn-b-hs‚

kzc-amWv AXn¬ [z\n-°p-∂-Xv. AssZz-X-Øns‚ emfn-Xy-Øn¬ [n°m-c-Øns‚ kzcw tIƒ°p-∂Xv A⁄m-\w-sIm-≠m-Wv. Adn-h-l-sa-∂-

Xp-c-≠p-ta-I-amw. FX at\m-l-c-amb ]Jym-]-\-am-Wn-Xv. F∂m¬ Cdm-

Jn¬h®v Hcp kq^n-h-cy≥ CtX- kXyw temI-Øn-t\mSp sXm≠-bn-S-

dn-sIm≠v hnfn®p ]d-™p. A\¬ l°v ˛ Rm\mWv kXyw F∂v.At∏mƒ At±-lsØ Kf-t—ZwsNbvXp. Cu Ak-ln-jvWpX t]m’m-

l-\o-b-a-√.

‘A\¬lJv’ F∂v a¨kq¿ A¬l÷v F∂ kq^n-k-∂ymknsamgn-™-t∏mƒ AXns‚ A¿∞w kmº-Zm-bnI-hm-Zn-Iƒ°v lrZ-b-

I-tTm-c-am-bn-Øo¿∂p. Rm\pw kXyhpw c≠√ F∂mWv AXns‚A¿∞w. kzm`m-hn-I-amb ⁄m\-Øn¬ c≠n-√. ]t£, ssZh-Øn\pw

a\p-jy\pw CS-bn¬ A⁄m-\-Øns‚ hen-sbmcp ]SpX C´n-´p-≠v.B ]SpX ambm-a-d-bm-Wv. AXp t]mbm¬ a\p-jy≥ ]pXn-sbmcp hk-

¥m-cm-a-Øn-te°p ]th-in-°pw. temIw H∂mbn ImWm≥ BK-ln-°p∂ kØp-°ƒ Xncn-®-dn-tb≠ Hcp kwKXn, Zzµz-ßƒ ]q¿Æ-ambn

A‰p-t]m-I-Ww F∂p-f-f-Xm-Wv. Adn-hns\hn´v Rm≥ A\y-am-sW∂phcn-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ Rm≥ kzbw D◊bn√mØ H∂m-bn-Øo-cm≥ CS-

bp-≠v. c≠p D◊-Iƒ Hcn-°epw km[q-I-cn-°-s∏-Sm-hp-∂-X-√. Cuhnizw apgp-h\pw Htc-sbmcp D◊-bm-Wv. AXns‚ Xmf-`-ZX \Ωƒ

A\p-\n-anjw A\p-`-hn-®p--t]m-cp-∂p-ap≠v. Rm≥ Cs√∂p hcn-I-bm-

sW-¶n¬ Adn-hns\ Adn-bp-hm≥ ChnsS Bcpw D≠m-bn-cn-°p-I-bn-√.AXp-sIm≠v Rm\pw Adnhpw H∂m-Wv. Fs∂hn v Adnhpw C√. Adn-

hns\hn´v Rm\pan√. aµa-[p-c-amb kwKo-X-at√ Cu D◊!

100AXp-an-Xp-a√ kZ¿∞-a-√lw k˛

®nZ-ar-X-sa∂p sXfn™p [oc-\mbn

kZ-k-ZnXn ]Xn-]-Øn-b‰p ktØm˛

anXn arZp-hmbv arZp-hmbv Aa¿∂n-tS-Ww.

Alw ˛ Rm≥

AXpw CXpw A√ ˛ AsX∂pw CsX∂pw ]d-bm-hp∂

H∂pw-X-s∂-b-√.

kZ¿∞w A√ ˛ Rm≥ kØns‚ A¿∞-hpa√,

k®n-Z-arXw ˛ kØpw NnØpw B\µ-hp-amWv

F∂p sXfn™v ˛ F∂ sXfn™ A\p-`q-Xn-bp-≠mbn

[oc-\mbn ˛ A`b\mbn

kZv AkZv CXn ˛ kØn-t\mSpw Ak-Øn-t\mSpap≈

]Xn-]-Øn-b‰v ˛ ]Xn-]Øn C√m-Xmbn

kZv Hmw CXn ˛ kØmb HmwIm-c-Øn¬

arZp-hmbv arZp-hmbv ˛ arZp-hmbn arZp-hmbn

Aa¿∂n-tSWw ˛ Aa¿∂n-tS-Ww.

CXp-hsc \mw \ΩpsS D◊sb a‰p ]e-Xp-ambn X´n®p a\- n-em-

°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. Rm≥ ip≤-amb t_m[-amWv F∂Xv Hcp kn≤m-¥-a-

√. kz¥w A\p- q-Xn--Xs∂-bm-Wv. AXp-sIm-≠m-Wv BZy-ta-Xs∂ Rm≥

AXp-a√ CXp-a√ F∂ c≠p \ntj-[-ß-fn-eqsS kwkn-≤-am-°p-∂-Xv.

F∂n¬ A[y-kvX-am-bn-cp∂ F√mw Rm≥ X≈n-°-f-bp-I-bm-Wv. ssZh-

cmPyw B ae-bntem Cu ae-bntem A√ F∂p tbip Xd-∏n®p ]d-

bm≥ ImcWw, Aß-s\-sbmcp XmZm-fly-_p≤n P\-ß-fn¬ Ccn-°p-∂-

Xp-sIm-≠m-Wv. F∂n´p lrZ-b-Øn-te°p Nq≠n A\p- -hsØ Dd-∏n-°m-

\mbn AXp \ns‚ lrZ-b-Øn-em-Ip∂p F∂p ]d-bp-∂p. At∏mƒ \mw

AXns\ ho≠pw Hcp kn≤m-¥-ambn ]cn-K-Wn-°m≥ ]mSn-√. Bfl-kØ

Hcp hkvXp-hns‚ A¿∞-sa-∂-Xp-t]mse a\- n-em-°n-bmepwt]mcm. AXv

kØpw NnØpw Aar-Xhpw Ie¿∂n-cn-°p∂ ckm-\p- q-Xn-bm-Wv. AXvkzmX-¥y-am-Wv. AXv A\-¥-X-bn-te-°p-≈ Fs‚ AkvXn-Xz-Øns‚

]th-i-\-am-Wv.

F\n°v `bw tXm∂p-∂n-√. ImcWw Rm≥ Fs∂-b-√msX thsdBtcbpw ImWp-∂n-√. Fs∂ Rm≥ F¥n\p b-°Ww? Rm≥ Fs∂

Xoh-ambn kvt\ln-°p-∂p. F\n°v Rm\-√msX thsd Bcp-an-√. thsdF∂p ]d-bp-∂-sX√mw Rm≥X-s∂-bmWv. F\n°v AXn-cp-I-fn-√m-Ø-Xn-

\m¬ Rm≥ A\-¥-am-Wv. F√mw F\n-°n-t∏mƒ sXfn™p ImWm≥Ign-bp-∂p. Hcp hkvXp-°-tfmSpw F\n°v ]tXy-In®v Bk‡n tXm∂p-

∂n-√. D≈-sXt∂m C√m-Ø-sXt∂m hyh-t—-Zn-°m≥ Ign-bmØ D◊-bpsS \nd-hmWv Rm≥. Rm≥ Akw-K-\m-Wv. Fs‚ kØ Imcp-Wy-km-

K-cw-t]mse arZp-e-am-Wv. kpK-‘-ta-dnb Hcp ]qhpt]mse-bmWv Rm≥.Rm≥ ]cn-afw ]k-cn-∏n-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p. F∂n¬Xs∂ B ]cn-afw

\nd-™p-I-hn-bp-∂p. F∂nse GIm-fl-I-X-bn¬ F√mw arZp-hmbn arZp-hmbn hne-bn®v hne-bn®v H∂mbn amdn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. Bg-ta-dnb au\w!

HmwIm-c-Øns‚ kuay-amb \mZw! ]c-am-Àm-Z-I-c-amb Cu \nan-j-Øns‚[\yX! AXv samgn-bm-\m-hp-∂n-√..........

D]-kw-lmcw

Btflm-]-tZ-i-i-X-I-Øn\v Hcp-]mSv hymJym-\-ßfpw hni-Zo-I-c-

W-ßfpw D≠m-bn- p-≠v. A°q- -Øn¬ Hcp hymJym\w F∂ \ne-bv°√

CsX-gpXn-bp-´p-≈-Xv. CsXmcp lm≥Uv_p-°m-Wv. \ap°p sIm≠p-\-

S-°m-hp∂ Hcp ]pkvX-Iw. F∂m¬, CXn¬ ]Z-t—Zw sNbvXn-cn-°p-

∂Xpw A¿∞w ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂Xpw Kpcp-hns‚ Z¿i-\sØ BIth

B[m-c-am-°n-s°m-≠m-Wv. AXp-sIm≠v hm°p-Iƒ°v A¿∞w ]d-

bp-tºmƒ \nL≠p-hn¬\n∂pw t\sc A¿∞-sa-SpØp ]d-bp-I-b-√

sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Aßs\ sNbvXn-cp-s∂-¶n¬ Iptd hm°p-Iƒ CW-

°-an -√msX Iq´n -h-®-Xp-t]m-setb tXm∂p-I-bp-≈q. Kpcphpw

hmNym¿∞-Øn-\p-]-cn-bmbn hm°p-Iƒ°v Hcp e£yw Ipdn-°p-∂p-≠v.

AXv Kpcp-hns‚ mj-bn-ep≈ ss\]pWn hnfn-t®m-Xp-∂-Xm-Wv. F¥p-

X-s∂-bm-bmepw Btflm-]-tZ-i-i-XIw Hcp alm-Z¿i-\-am-sW∂v a\-

n-em-°p-hm≥ Cu hymJym\w [mcmfw aXn-bm-Ipw. Bflm-\p-`q-Xn°v

Hcp ]pkvX-Ihpw klm-b-I-am-hp-I-bn√ F∂p≈ kXyw Kpcp-Xs∂

shfn-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p-≈-Xm-W-t√m. Adp-Xn-bn-Sm-\-cp-Xm-X A-hm-Mva-t\m-

tKm-N-cw CXn-seßp Ncn-®nSpw ]am-Ww? B≤ym-fln-I-K-Ÿ-ßƒ a\p-

jy\v Btflm-∑p-JX (self-orientation) amXta D≠m-°n-Ø-cp-∂p-

≈q. kzm\p-`hw, kXym-t\z-j-Whpw Kpcp-Ir-]bpw k‘n-°p-∂n-

SØp\n∂pw B\-µ-kz-cq-]-ambn Dd∂phtc≠-Xm-Wv. Kpcp-hns‚

ImcpWyw \Ω-fn-se√mw Aar-X-h¿jw sNmcn-b-s´.

-

atmopadesa satakam (malayalam)

Documents