biogas bq52b nongnghiephanoi huong 2068

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  • 8/7/2019 Biogas Bq52b Nongnghiephanoi Huong 2068

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    05/11/1005/11/10 nhomIII-CNTPnhomIII-CNTP 11

    TRNG I HC NNG NGHIP H NITRNG I HC NNG NGHIP H NIKHOA CNG NGHTHC PHMKHOA CNG NGHTHC PHM

    TI U LU N Mn: X l n c th i

    ti: X l n c th i trong chn nui b ng

    cng ngh Biogas

    Nhm sinh vin th c hi n: nhm III Trn Thi Oanh L Th H ng

    Ng Thi Thuy Tr ng Thi Th ng Thi Thanh Nga Ph m Th H

    Gio vin h ng d n : TS. Nguy n Th Thanh

    L p :BQCB- 52B

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    05/11/1005/11/10 nhomIII-CNTPnhomIII-CNTP 22

    PH L C PH L C 1. T V N 1. T V N 2. N I DUNG2. N I DUNG2.1 Tnh hnh chn nui gia sc, gia c m2.1 Tnh hnh chn nui gia sc, gia c m2.2 S l c c i m ch t th i chn nui 2.2 S l c c i m ch t th i chn nui 2.3 Kh nng gy nhi m c a ch t th i chn nui 2.3 Kh nng gy nhi m c a ch t th i chn nui

    2.4 Gi i thi u v Biogas 2.4 Gi i thi u v Biogas 2.5 S b v c ch kh biogas 2.5 S b v c ch kh biogas 2.7 Cc y u t nh h ng n qu trnh sinh kh sinh v t 2.7 Cc y u t nh h ng n qu trnh sinh kh sinh v t 2.8 u nh c i m c a ph ng php s n kh sinh h c. 2.8 u nh c i m c a ph ng php s n kh sinh h c.

    2.9 ng d ng c a s n xu t biogas 2.9 ng d ng c a s n xu t biogas

    2.10 M t s m hnh biogas huy n Gia Lm 2.10 M t s m hnh biogas huy n Gia Lm 3. K T LU N 3. K T LU N

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    05/11/1005/11/10 nhomIII-CNTPnhomIII-CNTP 33

    1. T V N 1. T V N Chn nui ngy m t pht tri n, x l ch t th i chn Chn nui ngy m t pht tri n, x l ch t th i chn

    nui ang l m t v n kh b c xc. Vi t Nam ni ring nui ang l m t v n kh b c xc. Vi t Nam ni ring v th gi i ni chung ang ng tr c nguy c r t cao v th gi i ni chung ang ng tr c nguy c r t cao v thi u h t nng l ng xng d u, than . v thi u h t nng l ng xng d u, than .

    Biogas l kh sinh h c l m t khi ni m cng kh quen Biogas l kh sinh h c l m t khi ni m cng kh quen thu c i v i nhi u ng i; song n cng l m t kh thu c i v i nhi u ng i; song n cng l m t khi

    ni m kh m i m . Gi a Biogas v ch t th i chn nui n ni m kh m i m . Gi a Biogas v ch t th i chn nui n c quan h v i nhau nh th no? c quan h v i nhau nh th no?

    Xu t pht t th c t v tm hi u r v v n Xu t pht t th c t v tm hi u r v v n chng ti quy t nh ti n hnh lm ti: chng ti quy t nh ti n hnh lm ti:

    X l ch t th i trong chn nui b ng h th ng Biogas X l ch t th i trong chn nui b ng h th ng Biogas

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    05/11/1005/11/10 nhomIII-CNTPnhomIII-CNTP 44

    2. N I DUNG2. N I DUNG2.1 Tnh hnh chn nui gia sc, gia c m

    Tnh hnh chn nui c a th gi i

    Ngu n: FAO,2007

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    05/11/1005/11/10 nhomIII-CNTPnhomIII-CNTP 55

    Tnh hnh chn nui Vi t Nam Tnh hnh chn nui Vi t Nam

    T ng c c th ng k,2009

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    05/11/1005/11/10 nhomIII-CNTPnhomIII-CNTP 66

    2.2 S l c c i m ch t th i chn nui 2.2 S l c c i m ch t th i chn nui

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    05/11/1005/11/10 nhomIII-CNTPnhomIII-CNTP 88

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    05/11/1005/11/10 nhomIII-CNTPnhomIII-CNTP 99

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    05/11/1005/11/10 nhomIII-CNTPnhomIII-CNTP 1010

    2.3 Kh nng gy nhi m c a ch t th i chn nui

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    05/11/1005/11/10 nhomIII-CNTPnhomIII-CNTP 1111

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    05/11/1005/11/10 nhomIII-CNTPnhomIII-CNTP 1212

    2.4.1 Vai tr c a Biogas trong s n xu t v i s ng 2.4.1 Vai tr c a Biogas trong s n xu t v i s ng

    2.4 Gi i thi u v Biogas

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    05/11/1005/11/10 nhomIII-CNTPnhomIII-CNTP 1313

    2.4.2 Cc lo i m hnh biogas2.4.2 Cc lo i m hnh biogasLo i n p tri n i

    Ph i c k ho ch b o tr nh s n n p tri n i ch ng r r

    p su t 100 150mmHg nn khng dng th p sng c .

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    05/11/1005/11/10 nhomIII-CNTPnhomIII-CNTP 1414

    Ti cao suTi cao su, nilong, nilongDung tch nhD r kh pht hi n

    t c s d ng

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    05/11/1005/11/10 nhomIII-CNTPnhomIII-CNTP 1515

    Lo i h m n p c nh Lo i h m n p c nh

    Ph bi n Vi t Nam, xy d ng n a n i n a chm hay n i h n trn m t t. Gi thnh l i th p p l c kh t kho ng 1000 mmHg nn ngoi un n u cnph c v th p sng v t ng c ...

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    05/11/1005/11/10 nhomIII-CNTPnhomIII-CNTP 1616

    2.4.3 Gi i thi u v kh sinh h c 2.4.3 Gi i thi u v kh sinh h c -

    Biogas hay cn g i l kh sinh h c l m t h n h p kh Biogas hay cn g i l kh sinh h c l m t h n h p kh c s n sinh ra t s phn h y nh ng h p ch t h u c c s n sinh ra t s phn h y nh ng h p ch t h u c d i tc d ng c a vi khu n trong mi tr ng y m kh d i tc d ng c a vi khu n trong mi tr ng y m kh

    - N chi m t l nh sau: - N chi m t l nh sau:

    CHCH44

    : 60 70 %: 60 70 %

    COCO

    22

    : 30 40 %: 30 40 %

    V m t l ng nh kh N V m t l ng nh kh N

    22

    , H, H

    22

    , CO., CO.

    c tnh c a kh CH c tnh c a kh CH

    44

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    05/11/1005/11/10 nhomIII-CNTPnhomIII-CNTP 1717

    2.5 S b v c ch kh biogas 2.5 S b v c ch kh biogas

    S nguyn l b biogas S nguyn l b biogas

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    05/11/1005/11/10 nhomIII-CNTPnhomIII-CNTP 1818

    C ch t o thnh kh sinh h c trong h th ng biogas C ch t o thnh kh sinh h c trong h th ng biogas

    Ch t h u c , carbohydrates,ch t bo, protein.

    H2 ,CO2

    Acid acetic

    Acid propionic,

    Acid butyric, Ccr u khc v ccthnh ph n khc

    Kh i Vi khu n

    Kh i Vikhu n

    H2 , CO2Acid acetic

    Kh i Vikhu n

    CH4,

    CO2

    Tc d ng c a vi khu n ln

    men v th y phn

    Vi khu n

    acetogenic

    Vi khu n sinh

    kh Metan

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    05/11/1005/11/10 nhomIII-CNTPnhomIII-CNTP 1919

    C ch t o thnh kh sinh h c trong h th ng biogas C ch t o thnh kh sinh h c trong h th ng biogas

    Cc vi sinh v t sinh methane theo nhi u c ch ph n ng khc Cc vi sinh v t sinh methane theo nhi u c ch ph n ng khcnhau nh sau:nhau nh sau:

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    05/11/1005/11/10 nhomIII-CNTPnhomIII-CNTP 2020

    C ch t o thnh kh sinh h c trong h th ng biogas C ch t o thnh kh sinh h c trong h th ng biogas

    TMetanolTMetanol4CH4CH33

    OH + HOH + H

    22

    OO CHCH

    33

    COOCOO + 3H+ 3H

    ++

    + H+ H

    22

    OO

    TEtanolTEtanolCC

    22

    HH

    55

    OH +HOH +H

    22

    OO CHCOOCHCOO + 5H+ 5H

    22

    + CO+ CO

    22

    + H+ H

    ++

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    05/11/1005/11/10 nhomIII-CNTPnhomIII-CNTP 2121

    2.6 Hi u qu x l b ng biogas 2.6 Hi u qu x l b ng biogas

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    05/11/1005/11/10 nhomIII-CNTPnhomIII-CNTP 2222

    2.7 Cc y u t nh h ng n qu trnh sinh kh sinh v t 2.7 Cc y u t nh h ng n qu trnh sinh kh sinh v t ..

    i u ki n k kh tuy t i: khng c 0 i u ki n k kh tuy t i: khng c 0

    22

    trong d ch ln men.trong d ch ln men.

    Nhi t : Kho ng nhi t ho t ng c 20- 30 Nhi t : Kho ng nhi t ho t ng c 20- 30

    00

    C Nhi tC Nhi t

    t i thch l 31 t i thch l 31 00

    36 36

    00

    CC

    m : thch h p nh t cho VSV la 91,5 -96% m : thch h p nh t cho VSV la 91,5 -96%

    pH:pH:Vi khu n sinh kh methane pht tri n t t pH = 4,5 5. Vi khu n sinh kh methane pht tri n t t pH = 4,5 5. Th i gian : Th ng t 30 40 ngy. Th i gian : Th ng t 30 40 ngy. Hm l ng ch t r n ( v t ch t kh):Hm l ng chi m d i Hm l ng ch t r n ( v t ch t kh):Hm l ng chi m d i

    9 % th ho t ng c a ti s t t 9 % th ho t ng c a ti s t t ..

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    05/11/1005/11/10 nhomIII-CNTPnhomIII-CNTP 2323

    Thnh ph n dinhThnh ph n dinh

    d ngd ng::

    Cc ch t gy tr ng i Cc ch t gy tr ng i

    qu trnh ln menqu trnh ln men

    M t s y u t khc : T l phn n c, chi u di r ng b T l C/N thch h p t 25/1 n 30/1 cho s phn h y k

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    05/11/1005/11/10 nhomIII-CNTPnhomIII-CNTP 2424

    u i m u i m

    TThu c kh t v i nhi t hu c kh t v i nhi t

    l ng caol ng cao Khng nhi m miKhng nhi m mitr ng.tr ng.

    Ph th i sau khi ln men Ph th i sau khi ln men

    lm phn h u c lm phn h u c

    Nhc imNhc im

    Kh l y cc ch t th i sau Kh l y cc ch t th i sau

    khi ln men.khi ln men.

    u t v n thi t k u t v n thi t k b b

    Nng su t t o kh ch a Nng su t t o kh ch a

    caocao

    2.8 u nh c i m c a ph ng php t o kh sinh h c.

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    05/11/1005/11/10 nhomIII-CNTPnhomIII-CNTP 2525

    M hnh V.A.C.BM hnh V.A.C.B Sn xut in nngSn xut in nng

    2.9 ng d ng c a biogas

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    05/11/1005/11/10 nhomIII-CNTPnhomIII-CNTP 2626

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    05/11/1005/11/10 nhomIII-CNTPnhomIII-CNTP 2727

    2.10 M t s m hnh biogas trn a bn huy n Gia Lm 2.10 M t s m hnh biogas trn a bn huy n Gia Lm

    M hnh Biogas b ng v t li u Composit M hnh Biogas b ng v t li u Composit

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    05/11/1005/11/10 nhomIII-CNTPnhomIII-CNTP 2828

    M hnh biogas 2 bM hnh biogas 2 b M hnh biogas 3 bM hnh biogas 3 b

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    05/11/1005/11/10 nhomIII-CNTPnhomIII-CNTP 2929

    3. K T LU N 3. K T LU N

    H th ng Biogas t o kh sinh h c l m t ph ng php H th ng Biogas t o kh sinh h c l m t ph ng php r t c n thi t v h p l. N gp phn pht tri n nng thn r t c n thi t v h p l. N gp phn pht tri n nng thn qua vi c s d ng kh sinh h c, x l ch t th i chn nui, qua vi c s d ng kh sinh h c, x l ch t th i chn nui, cung c p nng l ng s ch v r ti n cho b con nng cung c p nng l ng s ch v r ti n cho b con nng

    dn, gp ph n b o v s c kh e c ng ng, t o thm dn, gp ph n b o v s c kh e c ng ng, t o thm cng n vi c lm nng thn gp ph n nng cao kinh t cng n vi c lm nng thn gp ph n nng cao kinh t gia nh v gi m thi u s d ng nguyn li u ha th ch, gia nh v gi m thi u s d ng nguyn li u ha th ch, gi m hi n t ng ph r ng gi m pht th i kh nh knh. gi m hi n t ng ph r ng gi m pht th i kh nh knh.

    Tuy nhin pht tri n r ng ri m hnh Biogas trong Tuy nhin pht tri n r ng ri m hnh Biogas trong

    chn nui cc h gia nh, vng chn nui c n c chn nui cc h gia nh, vng chn nui c n c nh ng tuyn truy n, h ng d n c th t i ng i nng nh ng tuyn truy n, h ng d n c th t i ng i nng dn.dn.

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    05/11/1005/11/10 nhomIII-CNTPnhomIII-CNTP 3030

    VideoVideo

    BiogasBiogas

    Video Biogas

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    05/11/1005/11/10 nhomIII-CNTPnhomIII-CNTP 3131