Minimally Invasive Cardiac Surgery Indiacardiacsurgeonindia.blogspot.in /

മ ഷ ശരീര ിെല ആ രികാവയവമാണ ് ദയം. ശരീര ിെല എ ാ ഭാഗ ളിേല ം ര ം ീകരി ്പ ്െച കയാണ ്ഈ അവയവ ിെ ധാനധർ ം. ര ം ദയ ിൽ നി ം റേ ്വഹി ര ഴ കെള ധമനികൾ അഥവാ ആർ റികൾ എ ം ശരീരഭാഗ ളിൽ നി ം ദയ ിേല ്ര ം െകാ വ ര ഴ കെള സിരകൾ അഥവാ െവയി കൾ എ ം പറ .േ ാഗം എ ത ് ദയ ിെന ബാധി എ ാ രം േരാഗ ൾ ം പറ േപരാണ.് എ ി ാ ം ദയ ധമനികൾ അട ാ െകാേറാണറി

കാർഡിയാക ്അ ഖ െളയാണ ്ന ൾ േ ാഗം എ തലാ ം ഉപേയാഗി വ ത.് ഇ ടാെത മെ ാ കാരണം ദയാഘാതം ആണ.്

ധയാഘത ംധയാഘത ം ദയ ംഭന ംദയ ംഭന ം ത ിത ി വ ത ാസെമ ാണ്വ ത ാസെമ ാണ് ?ദയര ധമനികളി േ ാ ്ഉ ായി ദയേപശിക വ നരഹിതമാ അവ യാണ ് ദയാഘാതം. ധയാഘാത ിെ ഫലമായി ചിലരിദയ ിെ വ നം മാ ം നില േപാ തിനാണ ് ധയ ംഭാനം എ ്പറ ത.് ദയാഘാതം വ വ ്േവഗം ൈവദ സഹായം കി ിയാ

ദയ ംഭാനം വരാെത അപകട ി നി ്ര െ ടാം. ദയാഘാത ാ വരി 10 ശതമാനേ ാളം േപ ം ദയ ംഭാനം വരാം. ഇ ര ാരാണ്ആ പ ിയിേല വഴിയി ം ആ പ ിയിെല ിയ ഉടെന ം മരി േപാ ത.്ഹാ ്ഹാ ് അ ാ ിെഅ ാ ിെ ല ണല ണ- െന ിനക ്ഭാരം അ ഭവെ ട- െന ി ട ി േമണ മ കളിേല ം, ക ിേല ം, ൈക ിേല ം പട േവദന- ശ ാസ ഗതിയി വ തിയാനം- െപെ ്വിയ- െന േവദന വ ്15 മിനി ്കഴി ം റ ിെ ി എ ം െപെ ്േഡാ െറ കാ ക

ദയാഘാതംദയാഘാതം വരാെതവരാെത എ െനഎ െന ി ാ ംി ാ ം ?ആേരാഗ കരമായ ജീവിതൈശലി സീകരി ക. െകാ ്അധികം അട ിയ ം വ ം െപാരി മായ ഭ ണ ഒഴിവാ ക. ത മായി വ ായാമം െച ക.ഭ ണ ി പഴ ം പ റിക ം ധാരാളമായി കഴി ക. അമിതവ ം ഡ ് ഷ ം ഉ ാകാെത ി ക. ടിയ ഷ നിയ ി ക. േമഹം ഉ വ അത് ക ശനമാ ം നിയ ി നി ക.മദ പാന ം കവലി ം ഒഴിവാ ക.മാനസിക സ ം റ ക.

തതൽ വിവരവിവര ൾ ്് :

Doctors are increasingly looking at minimally- invasive techniques for performingcomplex cardiac cases to avoid risk of Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG).In traditional open heart surgery, the heart is reached by cutting open the chest anddividing the breast bone. This median sternotomy approach requires a 10-12 inchincision through the sternal bone. In minimally invasive heartsurgery, heart (cardiac)surgeons perform heart surgery through small incisions in the right side of your chest, asan alternative to open heart surgery.

Surgeons operate between the ribs and don't split the breastbone (sternotomy), whichresults in less pain and a quicker recovery for most people. In minimally invasivesurgery, your heart surgeon has a better view of some parts of your heart than in openheart surgery. As in open surgery, minimally invasive heart surgery requires stoppingyour heart temporarily and diverting blood flow from your heart using a heart- lungmachine.Another approach is "off- pump" or "beating-heart" surgery. With this technique certainareas of the heart are immobilized withcardiac stabilizers, allowing the heart tocontinue beating during the heart surgery andavoiding the need for the heart- lung machine.Cardiac surgeons have achieved anunmatched, research-based level ofexperience and skill in minimally invasivesurgery and will tailor the heart surgery basedon the unique needs and condition of thepatient.Condit ions t reated with MICSMinimally Invasive Heart Surgery (MICS) provides a unique approach tomany traditional cardiac surgery operations. Dr. Baburajan AK , perform thefollowing operations using minimally- invasive techniques:

Aortic valve surgery

Atrial septal defect closure, including patent foramen ovale

Atrioventricular canal defect (also called atrioventricular septal defect)surgery

Coronary bypass surgery (including "off-pump" bypass surgery, whichis performed while the heart is still beating without a cardiopulmonarybypass machine) to treatcoronary artery disease

Heart valve surgery to treat heart valve disease

Maze heart surgery to treat atrial fibrillation

Mitral valve surgery

Saphenous vein harvest (removing a vein from your leg) for coronary bypass surgery

Tricuspid valve surgery

AdvantagesMinimally invasive heart surgery isn't an option for everyone, but it offers many advantages in those for whom it'sappropriate. Benefits of Minimally Invasive Cardiac Surgery includes:

No splitting of the breastbone

Dramatic reduction in trauma and pain

Lower risk of infection

Lower risk of bleeding

Reduced ICU and hospital stay and quicker return to normal activities

Improved postoperative pulmonary function

Accelerated recovery/return to activity

Improved quality of life

Greatly improved cosmetic results

Smaller, less-noticeable scars

Who is a candidate?The majority of minimally- invasive cardiac surgery is directed topatients withvalvular heart disease including aortic, mitral, andtricuspid valve stenosis (narrowin) or regurgitation (leaking). Inaddition, minimally invasive cardiac surgery can be used for thetreatment of atrial fibrillation closure of atrial septal defects andpatent foramen ovales, and certain patients requiring coronaryartery bypass surgery.Minimally invasive cardiac surgery dramatically improvescosmetic results. Rather than a 10- inch scar down the middle ofthe chest, the minimally invasive approach results in asubstantially smaller, less visible incision on the side of thechest. For many women, the scar is almost unnoticeable as itmay be underneath the breast.To know more about Minimal Invasive Heart surgery procedures,

Conventional Coronary Artery Bypass GraftingCoronary artery bypass surgery, also Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG) surgery,and colloquially heart bypass or bypass surgery is a surgical procedure performed torelieve angina and reduce the risk of death from coronary artery disease. Coronary bypass surgery is a procedure that restores blood flow to your heart muscleby diverting the flow of blood around a section of a blocked artery in your heart.Coronary bypass surgery uses a healthy blood vessel taken from your leg, arm, chestor abdomen and connects it to the other arteries in your heart so that blood is bypassedaround the diseased or blocked area. After a coronary bypass surgery, blood flow toyour heart is improved. Coronary bypass surgery is just one option to treat heartdisease.Minimally Invasive Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (MIDCAB)Minimally Invasive Direct Coronary Artery Bypass (MIDCAB) is a minimally invasiveapproach to conventional Coronary Artery Bypass Graft(CABG) surgery. MIDCAB is beating heart surgery, whichmeans that stopping the heart (cardioplegia) is notnecessary and a heart- lung machine is not required. Minimally invasive direct CAB (MIDCAB) surgery is typicallyperformed when the arteries (left anterior descending (LAD))at the front of the heart are blocked. The surgeon makes a

keyhole opening to access the heart by making a smallincision on the left side of the chest and opening a smallarea between the ribs. While the heart is still beating, thesurgeon delicately grafts the bypass. The surgeon uses astabilization device to still the small area of the beatingheart where the bypass is being grafted.The stabilization device utilizes small suction pods thatgently attach to the surface of the heart. Thepods work by lifting, not pushing down on thetissue, to stabilize the area where the bypasswill be grafted. The device is flexible so that itcan be positioned on the heart vessels, yetsturdy so it can steady a portion of the beatingheart while minimally affecting heart function.Coronary Angiography and CardiacCatheterizat ionTo look at the inside of of the coronary arteriesa dye is used and special x- rays, known as acoronary Angiography.To use the dye the doctor will use a method called Cardiac Catheterization.Benef its of MIDCAB SurgeryMinimally invasive direct CAB (MIDCAB) surgery offer the same benefits as open-heart coronary artery bypassgrafting (CABG) surgery with shorter hospitalization, less blood loss, and a faster recovery.The MIDCAB procedure is only suitable for those at low risk of complications, and those with blocked arteriestowards the front of the heart which can be reached by a small opening from the ribs. Each patient's diagnosis andtreatment is unique and your physician will recommend the best approach for you.

Coronary Angiography and Catherizat ionTo look at the inside of the coronary arteries a dye is used and special x- rays , known as a coronary Angiography.To use the dye the doctor will use a method called cardiac Catherization.Cardiac RehabilitationFollowing the surgery, cardiac rehabilitation is provided in stages to help reduce risk for future heart problems and tomake the recovery process quick.

To know more about the surgery,

Atrial Septal Defect is a congenital heart disease in which there is a hole in the septalwall that separates two upper chambers of the heart, that enables blood flow betweentwo compartments Atrial septal holes are common in a child during pregnancy or frombirth. Most of the smaller septal openings will be closed after birth in the childhood. Butlarge defects may require surgery to remove. Atrial septal defects causes mixing up ofoxygen rich pure blood with deoxygenated blood.The symptoms of ASD may be unclear in children. In adults, the signs and symptomsusually start by age 30. The possible symptoms may include :- fatigue, heart murmur, shortness of breath, swelling in the legs, bluish coloration ofskin, skipped heart beats, lung infection or even stroke. If long- lasting ASDs left undiagnosed, it will create serious complications like heartfailure or increased pressure in the lungs. The exact cause of septal defect is unclear.Most of the experts believe that it is resulting from the effect of genetic andenvironmental factors. Environmental factors may be use of alcohol orcertain drugs and diseases like diabetes or rubella.Largeratrial septal defects can cause mild to serious or life- threateningcomplications like heart failure, high risk of stroke, shortened life span,pulmonary hypertension and complications during pregnancy.Using various tests like echocardiogram, electrocardiogram, chest x-ray and Cardiac catheterizat ion, presence of ASD can bedetected.Most of the doctors recommend repairing of ASDs if

diagnosed in the younger ages as it can develop seriouscomplicat ions.Less invasive t reatments are available now to correct at rialseptal defects. Drugs will be helpful in reducing the severityof symptoms. Medicat ions like beta blockers (to keep heartbeat regular) and blood thinners or ant icoagulants areprescribed. These are ef fect ive in prevent ing the defect f romgrowing its complicat ions af ter surgery.Minimal invasive surgical procedures of fer ef fect ive results.The closure of ASD holes will be plugged or patched throughprocedures like Cardiac catheterizat ion or open-heartsurgery. Following a healthy diet which is low in fat andcholesterol and prevent ing infect ion are important st rategiesto be followed st rict ly for best outcome.

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Coronary artery disease is the most common type of heart diseasekilling millions of people worldwide. It is the leading cause of death inAmerica, takes lives of a half a million people every year.Coronary artery disease develops when the fatty substances called plaque accumulateinside the arteries that supply blood to heart. In children, smooth arteries allow easyblood flow to the heart. As people age, increased calcium and cholesterol accumulationon the arterial walls makes the arteries harder and less elastic. This consequently leadsto narrowing of arteries and preventing the arteries from pumping enough blood to heart.Blockage in the arteries leads to complete destruction of blood supply to heart andheart attack results.The disease is characterized by symptoms such as chest pain or angina, shortnehssof breath, dizz iness, and abnormal heart beat ingMain factors that accelerate plaque build-up in heart are:

Ageing

High BP

Diet with high fat

Cholesterol

Obesity

Lack of exercise

Smoking

Alcohol consumption

Timely diagnosis and proper treatment canreduce the severity of your symptoms. Themain goals of treatment are enabling regularblood flow to the heart and preventing thedisease from worsening its symptoms. There are many treatment options to reestablish the blood supply to theheart.There are unbelievable advances in the field of cardiac surgery in the recent years. Simpler and effective treatmentslike Minimal Access Cardio Thoracic Surgery is becoming popular nowadays. Its main advantages are it is lessinvasive, safer, less painful and reduced risk of infection and bleeding.

Minimally invasive direct coronary artery bypass graf t ing (MIDCABG) is the best example among them. It isusually recommended if your symptoms are severe and do not improve with lifestyle modifications and othermedications. Here your surgeon can perform operation in the simpler and safer way with more benefits to patients. Inthis advanced method, the surgeon does not need to open the chest bone to conduct the surgery. Instead of it,crusts are made in the chest bone in the rib region on its left side and surgery is conducted. This surgical treatmentis most often recommended for patients with severe coronary disease or patients with blocked arteries at the front of

heart.

To diagnose the severity of your symptoms, certain tests likeelectocardiogram (EKG,)electrocardiography, stress test, Coronary Angiography andCardiac Catheterization would be conducted. These tests canreveal the electrical activity of the heart and blockages in thearteries.From the detailed analysis of the test results doctor will decidewhether you need this treatment or not. If severe blockages aredetected, then the grafting will be performed. After grafting, youwill be given treatment under Intensive Care Unit (ICU) andmonitored progress.Dr Baburajan A.K is one of the Best CardiologistSpecialist in Thrissur offers affordable and effective minimallyinvasive cardiac suegery in India.

For more details please visit us,

www.cardiac-surgeon- india.commail us : cardiacsurgeont rissur@gmail.com

Atrial septal defect (ASD) - (sometimes referred to as aHole in the Heart ) is a form of Congenital Heart Defect , itenables blood flow between two compartments of the heartcalled the left and right atria.

ASDs can be located in different places on the atrial septum,and they can be different sizes. The symptoms and medical treatment of thedefect will depend on those factors. In some rare cases, ASDs are part of morecomplex types of Congenital Heart Disease. An adult who has had anundetected atrial septal defect for decades may have a shortened life spanfrom heart failure or high blood pressure in the lungs. Surgery is often necessaryto repair atrial septal defects to prevent complications.

Causes of At rial Septal Defect

ASDs occur during faetal development of the heart and arepresent at birth. During the first weeks after conception, theheart develops. If the ASD is persistent, blood continues toflow from the left to the right atria. This is called a shunt. Iftoo much blood moves to the right side of the heart,pressures in the lungs build up. Individuals with ASD are atan increased risk for developing a number of complicationsincluding:

St rokePulmonary overcirculat ionPulmonary hypertensionAt rial f ibrillat ion (in adults) Heart failure

Signs & Symptoms for At rial Septal Defect

poor appet ite poor growth f at igue shortness of breath

lung problems and infect ions, such aspneumonia

Tests for ASD which include :

Echocardiography Heart MRI Chest x- ray Coronary angiography (for pat ients over 35 yearsold) Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) Doppler study of the heart ECG Cardiac catheterizat ion

ASD Surgery Required If ?

If a child born with a hole between the upper chambers ofthe heart, the blood can flow backward into the right side ofthe heart and into the lungs. This triggers the heart to workharder. Over time, this can lead to damage to bloodvessels in the lungs and congestive heart failure. Theprocedure is done to fix the hole.

Dr Baburajan A.K is one of the Best CardiologistSpecialist in Thrissur offers affordable and effectiveAtrial Spetal Defect Repair surgery in India.

For more details please visit us,

www.cardiac-surgeon- india.commail us : cardiacsurgeont rissur@gmail.com