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Coastal Andhra

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

(Redirected from Seema andhra) 

Coastal AndhraRegion of Andhra Pradesh  

Map of India with Coastal Andhra highlighted in red  

Country India

State   Andhra Pradesh  

Languages

• Official Telugu 

Time zone IST (UTC+05:30) 

Largest city Visakhapatnam 

Coastal Andhra Regions marked in white. 

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Evening scenic view in peddipalem village of  Visakhapatnam District 

Lush green farms in East godavari 

Coastal Andhra (Telugu :     ) or Kosta, is a region of  India's Andhra Pradesh State. This

region was part of  Madras State  before 1953 and Andhra State from 1953 to 1956. According to

the 2011 census, it has an area of 92,906 square kilometres (35,871 sq mi) which is 33.77% of

total state area and a population of 34,193,868 which is 40.39% of Andhra Pradesh state

 population. This area includes the coastal districts of Andhra Pradesh between the Eastern Ghats and the Bay of Bengal, from the northern border with Odisha to south of the delta of the Krishna

River . It is subdivided into two different regions Uttarandhra and Dakshina Coasta Andhra.

Uttarandhra includes the districts of  Srikakulam, Vizianagaram, Visakhapatnam while centralcoasta includes East Godavari, West Godavari, Krishna, and dakshina coasta includes Guntur , 

Prakasam and  Nellore. 

Coastal Andhra has rich agricultural land, owing to the delta of the Godavari and Krishna rivers.

The prosperity of Coastal Andhra can be attributed to its rich agricultural land and an abundant

water supply from these two rivers. Rice grown in  paddy fields is the main crop, with  pulses and

coconuts also being important. The fishing industry is also important to the region.

Contents

  1 History 

o  1.1 Buddhist hub 

o  1.2 Pilgrimages of Kosta 

o  1.3 Places of historical importance 

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  2 Geography 

  3 Composition 

  4 Diversity 

  5 Demographics 

  6 Cultural elements 

o 6.1 Dance 

o  6.2 Individuals who contributed to Telugu literature, arts and cinema 

o  6.3 Cuisine 

  7 List of cities in the region 

  8 Lakes and wetlands 

  9 Transportation 

  10 Image Gallery 

  11 Politics 

  12 See also 

  13 References 

  14 External links 

History

Jain Tirthankara Image at Rockcut Caves of Ghanikonda in Ramatheertham 

The state of Andhra emerged to a political power during the reign of Maurya Dynasty.

Megasthenes mentioned that Andhra was a flourishing empire of the Satavahana's from the times before christ. Coastal Andhra was also ruled by the famous Chalukyas in between the period of

the 7th Century and the 10th Century CE. This period was followed by the reign of many other

dynasties such as the Cholas, the Kakatiyas as well as the Vijayanagar Empire.

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 Antarvedi temple on the banks of  Godavari in Andhra pradesh

According to 11th century inscriptions, Andhra is bounded by Mahendragiri mountains (in north-

eastern border with Gajapati district of  Orissa), Kalahasti temple (in Chittoor district near the

 border of   Nellore district), Srisailam temple (in Kurnool district near the border of  Mahbubnagardistrict and Prakasham district). This region represent coastal Andhra region of Andhra Pradesh

state.[1]

 

Buddhist hub

Gurubhaktulakonda Buddhist Monastery Remnants at Ramatheertham 

Chejarla Apsidal Kapoteswara temple in Guntur district 

Maha Stupa at Thotlakonda Monastic Complex

Coastal Andhra is one of the major Buddhist hub's in India after the Gangetic plain BuddhistHub of Bihar, Jharkand and Uttar Pradesh. Many Remnants from Large Monasteries to small

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Stupas are found in this region from Srikakulam District in the North to Nellore District in the

South. The major Buddhist Remnant sites[2]

 in Coastal Andhra are as follows:

  Salihundam in Srikakulam District 

  Danthavarapukota (Dantapur i[3]

) in Srikakulam District

 Ramatheertham in Vizianagaram District 

  Pavurallakonda in Visakhapatnam District

  Thotlakonda in Visakhapatnam District

  Bavikonda in Visakhapatnam District

  Bojjannakonda (Sankaram) in Visakhapatnam District

  Kotturu Dhanadibbalu in Visakhapatnam District 

  Gopalapatnam in Visakhapatnam District

  Kummarilova[4]

 (Tuni) in East Godavari District

  Kodavali[5]

 in East Godavari District

  Kapavaram in East Godavari District 

  Guntupalli in West Godavari District

 Pedavegi in West Godavari District 

  Ghantasala in Krishna District

  Gudivada in Krishna District   Jaggaiahpet in Krishna District

  Amaravati in Guntur District 

  Bhattiprolu in Guntur District

  Anupu in Guntur District

  Chandavaram in Prakasam District 

  Kanuparti in Prakasam District

  Ramatheertam in  Nellore District 

Pilgrimages of Kosta

Rock cut Caves at Guntupalli in West Godavari District 

  Simhachalam 

  Indrakeeladri (Vijayawada) 

  Amaravathi 

  Dwaraka Tirumala 

  Penchala Kona

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  Draksharamam 

  Annavaram 

  Arasavalli 

  Sri Kurmam 

   pithapuram

 annavaram

  Markapuram

  Antarvedi 

  Ramatheertham 

  Bheemavaram 

  Palakollu 

  Mangalagiri 

  Kotappa Konda

  Samalkot 

   Nellore 

  Panchadhaarla (Visakhapatnam District)

 Sri Mukhalingam 

  Vadapalli,Atreyapuram mandal

Kolleru Lake at dusk

Boats at Bhimili (Bheemunipatnam) beach in Visakhapatnam District 

Places of historical importance

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Kondapalli fort near  Vijayawada 

West Entrance of the Vizianagaram fort in Andhra Pradesh

  Vizianagaram 

  Tuni 

  Bobbili 

  Palnadu 

  Rajahmundry 

  Kondapalli 

  Udayagiri 

  Kondaveedu

  Venkatagiri 

Pulicat Lake in  Nellore District 

Geography

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Coastal Andhra is located to the east of Telangana and Rayalaseema regions bordered by Odisha 

to the North and Rayalseema to the south and Telangana to the west.The coastal line of this

region is the second largest in India, extending 960KM.

Composition

Coastal Andhra comprises Circar districts:

  Srikakulam

  Vizianagaram

  Visakapatnam

  East Godavari

  West Godavari

  Krishna

  Guntur

The Northern Circars correspond in the main to the Coastal Andhra region of Andhra Pradesh,including the districts of:

  Krishna

  East Godavari

  West Godavari

  Visakhapatnam

  Vizianagaram

  Srikakulam

  Prakasam

  Guntur

   Nellore

The Gajapati and Ganjam districts of  Odisha were granted to the French East India Company

around 1752. Later they were transferred by the French to the British.

 Nellore, which extends as far as Ongole Taluk, was later received from the Nawab of Arcot,

under an establishment. Some parts of present day Nellore and Chitoor were in the hands ofVenkatagiri Rajas. The British made an arrangement with the Raja of Venkatagiri in 1802 to

claim power in those territories also. At present Coastal Andhra extends from Srikakulam to the

 Nellore district, mainly because of geographical proximity.

Diversity

Currently, Coastal Andhra comprises nine districts. Unlike Telangana and Rayalaseema, CoastalAndhra does not have unique cultural and linguistic identities throughout the region. Coastal

Andhra hosts six dialects of Telugu: Srikakulam, Visakhapatnam, Godavari, Krishna, Ongole

and Nellore. Parts of this region are ruled by different rulers, leading to diversity within the

region. Coastal Andhra in turn can be divided into Northern Region (Srikakulam, Vizianagaram

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and Visakhapatnam districts), Central Region (East Godavari, West Godavari, Krishna and

Guntur districts) and Southern Region (Prakasam and Nellore districts). Food varieties vary from

each sub region.

Demographics

  Area: 92,906 km2 

  Population: 34,193,868 as per the 2011 census

  Literacy: 63%

  Language: 96% of people speak Telugu

Cultural elements

Dance

Classical dance in Andhra may be performed by both men and women; though women tend tolearn it more commonly. Kuchipudi is the state's best-known classical dance form. It was born inthe Kuchipudi village, of Krishna district, which is in the center of coastal Andhra.

Individuals who contributed to Telugu literature, arts and cinema

   Nannayya 

  Tikkana 

  Gurajada Apparao 

  Devulapalli Venkata Krishna Sastri 

  Tripuraneni Ramaswamy Chowdary 

  Gurram Jashuva   Sri.Gunturu Seshendra Sharma 

  S. V. Ranga Rao 

  B.Haranath Raju 

  Ghantasala (singer) 

  Pingali Venkayya 

   Nandamuri Taraka Ramarao 

  Akkineni Nageswara Rao 

Cuisine

Rice is the staple food in the Kosta cuisine and is usually consumed with a variety of curries andlentil soups or broths. Cuisine of Coastal Andhra is influenced by Sea Food varieties. Godavari

and Krishna districts have numerous varieties of foods, which are famous through the state. Food

varieties in some parts of Nellore and Prakasam are influenced by Rayalaseema.

List of cities in the region

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Over view of Vizag city

Rajahmundry Railway station, is and important station on Howrah - Chennai Main Line

  Visakhapatnam - Greater Visakhapatnam also termed as the "City of  Destiny" is the most

 populous city and is the industrial centre of coastal Andhra. It contains the Eastern Naval

Command headquarters, Hindustan shipyard, Dockyards, Vizag Steel Plant, and theHindustan Petroleum refinery. It has a cosmopolitan culture and many educational

institutes, including Andhra University. Vizag, as it is colloquially called, is also a tourist

 place of Andhra Pradesh. It is also the city with the highest GDP (as of 2008) of Rs.6698

crores, compared to Rs.5726 crores of Vijayawada,[6] the second richest city of thisregion. Visakhapatnam Port is an important harbour for the region. The district is

endowed with picturesque places, hill stations like Aruku Valley, Borra Caves, Paderu

and Sileru, and beaches like RK, Bhimili, Rishi Konda, Yarada and Kailasagiri Hill

  Vijayawada, the second largest city, is situated on the banks of the River  Krishna. It is the

cultural, historic, and commercial capital of Andhra Pradesh. It is also one of the major

educational hubs of India and a bustling business trading place. Vijayawada is atransportation hub for both Rail and Road networks connecting south and northIndia.Vijayawada and Guntur regions is more likely to form as SCR (State Capital

Region). Being the city with high potential for commercial and trade activities it lacks in

 providing sufficient employment opportunities to its people due to the fact that the land

rates are very high in and around this region and so the governments find it difficult toallot Dedicated Economic Zones in this region and so the multinational and top

companies in India aren't able to set up their organizations even though this region is

available with plenty of skilled manpower,ease of accessibility(It is well connected to allmajor cities of India),power generation capabilities and feasibility to run a company etc..

  Greater Guntur  is third largest city in the region and a greater municipal corporation and

a major centre of business & learning. It is the heart of the textiles, tobacco, chillies, and

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cotton industries. With a major business of textiles & tobacco, Guntur city lacks in

industrial development.It also has many ancient sites nearby. The upcoming commercial

 belt between Guntur & Vijayawada has a great scope of merging the cities into twins.

  Rajahmundry,the fifth largest city & it is one of the largest cities in the Andhra Pradesh

and a municipal corporation in the East Godavari district. Located on the banks of the

River  Godavari, it is a major business center. It is known as the Cultural Capital ofAndhra Pradesh,[citation needed ]

 since it has a rich cultural past.It is also known as theAgricultural Capital of Andhra Pradesh

  Kakinada is one of the largest cities in the region and a municipal corporation in East

Godavari district. It is one of the major educational and industrial centre in the CoastalAndhra. This city is the most well planned city in Asia after Chandigarh.

[citation needed ] It is

a serene city which also called a Pensioner's Paradise.[citation needed ]

 It is well known for the

recent investments made in the Petrol, chemical and Petrochemical sectors.[citation needed ]

 It

is also called Fertilizer City.[citation needed ]

 Kakinada is fourth largest City in AndhraPradesh(area wise).

   Nellore is a younger city in the region.It is fourth largest city in the region.Nellore is

famous for its production of mica (gudur), lemon (gudur) and agricultural products suchas rice.[citation needed ]

 It is also famous for Aqua culture, hence called as Aquaculture capital

of India.[citation needed ]

 

  Ongole is the youngest city in the region. The major production of Ongole is Patty,

Millet, Maize, Greengram, Blackgram, Turmeric, Tobacco, Groundnut, Chillies, Cotton.The major minerals in this region are late stone, granite (Cheemakurthy). It is also

famous for zebu breed of oxen, Hence the breed was named after Ongole as 'Ongolu

Gitta'.

Other major towns in the region are; Kavali, Amalapuram, Bhimavaram, Chirala, Eluru, 

Gudivada, Machilipatnam,  Narasaraopet, chilakaluripet, Markapur ,  Narsapuram, Palasa, Srikakulam, Tadepalligudem, Tanuku, Tenali, Bapatla Vizianagaram Tuni, Narsipatnam. 

Lakes and wetlands

Andhra Pradesh contains 259 coastal wetlands, covering an area of 18,552 km2.,

[7] out of which

88 are manmade.

Lakes Kolleru and Pulicat are the two major lakes in Coastal Andhra. Kolleru, a natural sweet-

water lake, is situated in the West Godavari district and serves as a natural flood-balancingreservoir for the two rivers. The lake is also an important habitat for up to 50,000 resident and

migratory birds.[citation needed ]

 The lake was declared a wildlife sanctuary in November 1999 under

India's Wildlife Protection Act, and designated a wetland of international importance in November 2002 under the international Ramsar Convention. Pulicat is the largest salt water lakein the country, located in Nellore and spreads between Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu. This is

one of the famous attractions in south India.[citation needed ]

 

Part of the Godavari delta of the State is also known as Konaseema, a rich delta region in East

Godavari District of Andhra Pradesh. Konaseema is known for its green coconut orchards, lush

green paddy fields and numerous canals. In this region, the river Akhanda Godavari splits into

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several distributary  branches, including the Gouthami, Vasishta, Vainatheya, and Vruddha

Gouthami, before emptying into the Bay of Bengal. 

Transportation

  The East Coast Railway serves Srikakulam, Vizianagaram District, and part ofVisakhapatnam district including Visakhapatnam City. Vijayawada Railway Station is

the one of the busiest railway junctions in India. The 2nd largest Railway station in the

South.[citation needed ]

 

  The airports in the Kosta Area are Visakhapatnam Airport is only International Airport,Vijayawada Airport and Rajahmundry Airport.

  Kosta has two of the major ports of India, at Visakhapatnam and Kakinada, and three

minor ports at Krishnapatnam (Nellore), Machilipatnam, and Nizampatnam (Guntur). A

 private port has been developed at Gangavaram, near Visakhapatnam. This deep seaportwill accommodate ocean liners of up to 200,000 – 250,000 tons.