dharavi study

8/13/2019 Dharavi Study

1/21

Dharavi Slum Mumbai

P A R A S G U L I A & N E E R A J K A L R A

4th

year

Housing VII


2/21

C O N T E N T S

Origin of slum

Demographics of the area

Location and characteristics of dharavi

Economy of dharavi mumbai

Sanitation issues in the area

Redevelopment Plan for future and present


3/21

Location

Dharavi is situated between

Mumbai's two main

suburban railway lines,

the Western and Central

Railways. To its west are

Mahim and Bandra, and

to the north lies theMithi River, which

empties into the Arabian

Sea through the Mahim

Creek. To its south and

east are Sion and

Matunga. Both its

location and poor

drainage systems make

Dharavi particularly

vulnerable to floods

during the wet season.


4/21


5/21

Dharavi compared to other large slums

in the world


6/21

Dharavi is a slum in Mumbai, India. It is one of the largest slums in the

world.

It is currently a multi-religious, multi-ethnic, diverse settlement. Dharavi's

total population estimates vary between 300,000 to about 1 million.

Dharavi has an active informal economy, numerous household enterprisesthat employs the slum residents. It exports goods around the world.

Dharavi has suffered through many incidences of epidemics and other

disasters. It currently covers an area of 535 acres.

Dharavi slum was founded in 1880s during the British colonial era. The

slum grew in part because of expulsion of factories and residents frompeninsular city centre by colonial government, and from rural poor

migrating into urban Mumbai

Overview of Dharavi, Mumbai


7/21

In the 18th century, Dharavi was an island. In February

1739, Chimnaji Appa attacked Bassein. Before that, he tookpossession of Dharavi.

The area of present-day Dharavi was

predominantly mangrove swamp before the late 19th century,

inhabited by Koli fishermen. Dharavi was then referred to as

the village of Koliwadas.

Origin of Dharavi


8/21

At India's Independence from colonial rule in 1947, Dharavi had grown to be the largest

slum in Mumbai and all of India. It still had a few empty spaces, which continued to serve

as waste dumping grounds for operators across the city.

Mumbai, meanwhile, continued to grow as a city. Soon Dharavi was surrounded by the

city, and became a key hub for informal economy.

Dharavi's Co-operative Housing Society was formed in the 1960s to uplift the lives of

thousands of slum dwellers by the initiative of Shri. M.V. Duraiswamy, a well-known social

worker and congress leader of that region.

The Dharavi co-operative housing society promoted 338 flats and 97 shops and was

named "Dr. Baliga Nagar." By late 20th century, Dharavi occupied about 432 acres, with an

astounding population density of more than 1,200 people per acre.

After Independence- 1947


9/21

With Dharavi spread over 500 acres, this corresponds to an averagepopulation density estimate between 600 to 2,000 people per acre.

About 33% of the population of Dharavi is Muslim, compared to 13%average population of Muslims in India.The Christian population isestimated to be about 6%, while the rest are predominantly Hindus (60%),with some Buddhists and other minority religions

The slum residents are from all over India, people who migrated from ruralregions of many different states.

Demographics


10/21

Dharavi is situated between Mumbai's twomain suburban railway lines, the Westernand Central Railways. To its westare Mahim and Bandra, and to the north liesthe Mithi River, which empties intothe Arabian Sea through the Mahim Creek.

Both its location and poor drainage systemsmake Dharavi particularly vulnerable tofloods during the wet season.

Dharavi has a high population density, andas with other worldwide slums,overcrowded. It is mostly low rise structures

surrounded by Mumbai city. In most largecities, the floor space index (FSI) varies from5 to 15 in the Central Business District (CBD)to about 0.5, or below, in the suburbs.Dharavi's FSI is very low.

Location &Characterstics

Dharavi is southern end of Ward H

East, and other residential and

commercial areas in the Ward

marked in dark blue

include Santacruz, VileParle andMahim.


11/21


12/21

In addition to thetraditional pottery and textile industries inDharavi, there is an increasingly largercycling industry, processing recyclablewaste from other parts of Mumbai. The

district has an estimated 5000businesses and 15,000 single-room factories.

Dharavi exports goods around theworld. The total (and largely informaleconomy) turnover is estimated to bebetween US$500 million, over US$650million per year, to over US$1 billion peryear.

The per capita income of the residents,depending on estimated population rangeof 300,000 to about 1 million, rangesbetween US$500 to US$2000 per year.

Economy


13/21

Dharavi has severe problems with public health, due to the scarcity

of toilet facilities, due in turn to the fact that most housing and 90% of thecommercial units in Dharavi are illegal.

As of November 2006 there was only one toilet per 1,440 residents in

Dharavi. Mahim Creek, a local river, is widely used by local residents

for urination and defecation, leading to the spread of contagious diseases.

The area also suffers from problems with inadequate drinking water supply

Sanitation Issues in Dharavi


14/21

There have been many plans since 1997 to redevelop Dharavi like the former

slums of Hong Kong such as Tai Hang. In 2004, the cost of redevelopment was

estimated to be 5000 crore (US$770 million).Companies from around the world

have bid to redevelop Dharavi.

The latest urban redevelopment plan proposed for the Dharavi area is managed by

American-trained architect Mukesh Mehta. The plan involves the construction of30,000,000 square feet (2,800,000 m2) of housing, schools, parks and roads to

serve the 57,000 families residing in the area, along with 40,000,000 square feet

(3,700,000 m2) of residential and commercial space for sale.

There has been significant local opposition to the plans, largely because existing

residents are due to receive only 269 square feet (25.0 m2) of land each. The

government has said that it will only legalize and relocate industries that are not

"polluting."

RedevopmentPlans-Dharavi


15/21


16/21


17/21


18/21


19/21


20/21


21/21

Current Status

dharavi study

Documents