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SEMINAR PRESENTATION ON SMART GSUBMITTED BY :-
ANIL KUMAR MEE
ROLL NO.-11104E
B.TECH - 4thYEAR
ELECTRICAL ENG
IIT(BHU),VARANA
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HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF ELECTRIC G
1. The first ac power grid system was installed
2. That time the grid was a centralized unidiresystem of electric power transmission, elecdistribution and demand- driven control.
3. The topology of 1960s grid was a result of seconomic of scale: large coal, gas and oilpower station.
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WHAT IS SMART GRID
Smart Grid = IT + Electric Grid
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WHAT IS SMART GRID
It is a modernized electrical grid that us
analogue or digital information and
communication technology to gather aon information such as behaviors of sup
and consumer in automated fashion to
the efficency,reliability,economic andsustainability of the production and dist
of electricity.
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WHY DEVELOP A SMART GRID1.Enviorment impacts-India is currently the world's 7thlargest emittwarming pollution and 5th largest for emissions from fossil fuel comaccounts for approximately 4 percent of the world's emissions (1,8metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent (CO
2e)). Per capita emis
metric tons of CO2e (154thhighest in the world).The per capita GH
India (average across the five studies) are estimated to be 2.1 tonin the year 2020, and 3.5 tonnes of CO2e in the year 2030
2.Blackout-In India major blackout is
2th Jan. 2001 230 millions people affected,30thJuly 2012 330 million
2012 600 millions people affected.3.Theft Controlin India it is a serious problem it is increases losses
4.CostsImplementation of dynamic tarffics, Tariff mechanism fo
solar PV'sNet Metering/Feed in Tariff
5.Utility Operations - Introduction of Battery Parks and other Energy
Systems on a trial basis
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ENERGY CONSUMPTION IN INDIA
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CARBON EMMISSON(C02e) IN INDIA
Fig.-Climate Modelling Forum, India,sep. 2009
SMART GRID IN INDIA
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SMART GRID IN INDIA In India July 2013 230GW of installed capacity of electricity with
Indian power system is now the fourth largest in the world, but pconsumption of electricity in India is only about one-fourth of thaverage.
India power demand is increasing at an annual rate of 8-10%. Sdemand by 2032 is estimated to be as high as 900 GW.
Indias transmission and distribution losses are among the higheaveraging 26% of total electricity production, with some states a
When non-technical losses such as energy theft are included inaverage losses are as high as 50%. This creates a powerful incenintroducing smart grid components, and the meter market in Inat 100 million nodes.
In India first project of smart grid in July, 2008, Rabirashmi Abasa(greater Calcutta area).
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WHAT IS SMART GRID
Mainly Three Component
1.Generation
2.Transmission
3.Distribution(Consumer)
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SMART GRID SYSTEM
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MODEL OF INTEGRATED SMART GRID
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CHARACTERISTICS OF SMART GR
SMART GRID
SELF HEALING
Empowerand
incorporatethe consumer
Tolerantattack
PowerQuality
Market
OptimizationAssets
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CHARACTERISTICS OF SMART GRI
Self Healing
A smart grid automatically detects and responds to routine problems an
recovers if they occur, minimizing downtime and financial loss.
Empower and incorporate the consumer
A smart grid gives all consumers - industrial, commercial, and residential - vtime pricing, and affords them the opportunity to choose the volume of co
price that best suits their needs.
Tolerant attackA smart grid has security built-in from the ground up
Provides power quality needed by 21th century users
A smart grid provides power free of sags, spikes, disturbances and interruptionsuse by the data centres, computers, electronics and robotic manufacturing th
future economy.
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CHARACTERISTICS OF SMART GRI
Accommodates a wide variety of generation optionA smart grid enables "plug-and-play" interconnection to multiple and distributepower and storage (e.g., wind, solar, battery storage, etc.)
Fully enables maturing electricity marketsBy providing consistently dependable coast-to-coast operation, a smart grid smarkets that encourage both investment and innovation.
Optimizes assetsA smart grid enables us to build less new infrastructure, transmit more poexisting systems, and thereby spend less to operate and maintain the g
COMPONENTS OF SMART GRID
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COMPONENTS OF SMART GRID
Smart Meter- it is featuring two-way communications between consumproviders to automate billing data collection, detect outages and dispatch correct location faster.
Variable Frequency mode of operation-Rather than using noprovision to operate devices in variable frequency will reduce the time of deand hence the power.
Phasor measurement units -High speed sensors called PMUs distribtransmission network can be used to monitor the state of the electric system.
Universal access - It is to affordable, low-carbon electrical power geturbines, concentrating solar power systems, photovoltaic panels) and storagbatteries, flywheels or super-capacitors or in plug-in hybrid electric vehicles).
Intelligent appliances
HUGE ENERGY SAVING POTENTIAL
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HUGE ENERGY SAVING POTENTIAL
Data is 2006-2007
Known technologies could result in huge
electrical power savings Constraints
Low affordability in the nation
High Investment on new appliances,
better processes.
Require new
low costsolutions
SUN SHINES BRIGHTLY OVER INDIA
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INDIA CAN CERTAINLY USE SOLAR ENERGY, AS CAPITAL GOODS PRICES SOLAR PHOTO-VOLTAIC PROVIDES DC POWER FOR ABOUT SIX HOURS A D 100 PER WH CAPITAL COST: WITH 10% INTEREST AND PAYBACK IN 20 YEAMOUNTS TO 12 PER YEAR(NOT COMPUTING COSTS OF LAND)COSTS A LITTLE OVER 7.25 / KWH ASSUMING 10% LOSSESAS OPPOSED TO 3 TO 5 PER KWH FOR GR
SUN SHINES BRIGHTLY OVER INDIA
Solar PV power price computation
investment per kWh
1,00,000.00
sun-hours/day
interest rate 10% number of days /year
depreciation (years) 20 total power in Kwh gen/yr
yearly payment -11,745.96 Losses
price per kWh 7.25
WHEN DO THE DEMAND PEAK IN INDIA
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WHEN DO THE DEMAND PEAK IN INDIA
20
Depends on which time of year?
There are two peaks
Day: 11 am to 4 pm
Evening: 7 pm to 11 pm
Evening peak is worst most of the year
Homes/ shops add to late office hrs
Day peak can be bad in Summer month
Air Con is significant load
Sept 23rd
May 19th
Feb 9th
June 6th
May 2nd
DECENTRALIZED SOLAR PV
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DECENTRALIZED SOLAR PV
Would be ideal in day time
To complement grid
Direct usage in offices / shopping malls can reduce the day time peak loto a considerable extent
Some coupling to ice-battery (charged during off-peak hours)
Makes economic sense today, provided there is space for solar PV install
Some solar PV / solar thermal feeding to grid would be helpful
What about evening peak loads
Solar can not help here
Reducing load by enhancing efficiency
Reducing consumptions by introduction of time of day metering
Using some storage (electrical / ice-batterycharged during 5 PM to 7 P
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DISADVANTAGES OF SMART GRID
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DISADVANTAGES OF SMART GRID
Privacy and security
some type of meters are hacked
Hacker Gain of thousands, even millions of meters
Increase or decrease the demand for power
Not simply a single component
Various technology component
Software ,the power generators ,system integrators
Expensive in terms of installation
FUTURE OF SMART GRID
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FUTURE OF SMART GRID
In the near future ,there will not be any vas
developmentInitially there is requirement of huge financ
demands and regulations.
In the long-run ,attitudes will change ,wideusage of the smart grid from every busineshome just like the Internet.
SMART GRID PROJECT IN INDIA
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SMART GRID PROJECT IN INDIA
1. Uttar Haryana Bijli Vitran Nigam Limited (UHBVNL),Panchkula (Haryana)Lo
2. Tripura State Electricity Corporation Limited (TSECL),Agartala (Tripura)LocDivision No. 1 of Agartala town
3. Electricity Department, Government of Puducherry (PED)Location: Divisio
4. Uttar Gujarat Vij Company Limited (UGVCL), Mehsana (Gujarat)LocationSabarmati circle which is a cluster of industrial and residential area, and Decircle which is an agricultural area
5. Jaipur Vidyut Vitran Nigam Limited (JVVNL), Jaipur (Rajasthan)Location: VIndustrial Area (VKIA), Sanganer sub-division of Jaipur
6. West Bengal State Electricity Distribution Company Limited (WBSEDCL), WesLocation: Siliguri Town in Darjeeling District
7. Central Power Distribution Company of AP Limited (APCPDCL), HyderabadLocation: Jeedimetla Industrial Area
8. Punjab State Power Corporation Limited (PSPCL), PunjabLocation: IndustrCircle Amritsar
REFERENCES-
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REFERENCESo NATURAL RESOURCES DEFENCE COUNCIL
http://www.nrdc.org/international/copenhagenaccords/
o Climate Modelling Forum, GOI, Sep. 2009
o Smart Grid Initiative for Power Distribution Utility in India by Arup Sinha,S.Neogi,, R.N.Lahiri,MemberIEEE,S.ChoS.P.Chowdhury,MemberIEEE, N.Chakraborty,MemberIEEE
o A. Zheng, "A Smarter Grid for India", October 2007
http://www.smartgridnews.com/
o Accelerated Deployment of Smart Grid Technologies in IndiaPresent Scenario,
Challenges and Way Forward by Er. Alekhya Datta1, Dr. Parimita Mohanty2, Er. Mukesh Gujar3.
o Smart Grid The Future Fantsy by Han Slootweg Manager Innovation Enexis B.V.,The Netherlands
o A. Aggarwal, S. Kunta, and P. Verma, A proposed communication infrastructure for the smart grid, in InnocaTechnologies (ISGT), 2010, 2010.
o K. Clement-Nyns, E. Haesen, and J. Driesen, "The impact of charging plug-in hybrid electric vehicles on a residTransactions on Power Systems,2010
o Demand-Side Behavior in the Smart Grid Environment A. Moshari, G. R. Yousefi, A. Ebrahimi, and S. Haghbin ,Io Introduction of Smart Grid IIT DELHI by Vikram Gandotra ,24thmarch 2013
o S.Massod Amin and bruce F. Wollenberg Towards to Smart Grid IEEE Power and Energy Magazine, oct. 2005
o Smart Grid Vision and Roadmap for India by GOI on 13thaug 2013
o http://www.ieee.org/go/emergingtech
http://www.nrdc.org/international/copenhagenaccords/http://www.smartgridnews.com/http://www.smartgridnews.com/http://www.nrdc.org/international/copenhagenaccords/ -
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SAVE ENERGY SAVE FUTURE
Thank You