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telu
Telugu
sarvabhshin
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Script
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The Telugu letters and words described in this book are each
accompanied by a pronunciation key in the International
Phonetic Alphabet (IPA). Please refer to these IPA keys for the
exact pronunciation of a Telugu letter or word.
The IPA is a scientific notation used for accurately transcribing
the sounds of most human languages. More about the IPA can
be found at http://www.yorku.ca/earmstro/ipa/ and
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ipa .
The similarities described in this book between the
pronunciations of Telugu letters and corresponding English
letters are onlyguidelines and should be considered as such.
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k
This letter has a sound similar to
k in skip
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This letter has a sound similar to
g in go
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These are the letters weve just seen
k
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p
This letter has a sound similar to
p in speak
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b
This letter has a sound similar to
b in bat
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These are the letters weve seen so far
k
p b
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This letter has a sound similar to
tch in catch
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This letter has a sound similar to
dge in badge
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These are the letters weve seen so far
k
p b
The sounds of these letters are all called consonants
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Heres a vowel sound
This vowel sounds similar to
u in cut
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Look at these letters
k
p b
The sounds of these letters are made up of a consonantanda vowel
Notice how the letters look slightly different from their original shape?
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In short
k
- =
k
p p
b b
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Heres another vowel
iThis vowelsounds similar to
i in pin
This vowel has a special sign of its own
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Now look at these combo letters,
each having the sound of a consonant plus a vowel
ki i
pi bi
i i
Again, notice the difference from the original shape of the basic letter?
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In short
k
- + =
ki
i
p pi
b bi
i
i
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And another vowel
uThis vowel sounds similar to
u in bull
This vowel, too, has a special sign of its own
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And some new combo letters,
with their shape slightly changed from the original
ku u
pu bu
u u
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And again, in short
k
- + =
ku
u
p pu
b bu
u
u
Get the idea?!
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Notice the slightly different shapes of these letters,
compared to the others
pu
u
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These are all the various basic and combo letters weve seen thus far
k k ki ku
i u
p p pi pu
b b bi bu
i u
i u
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These letters look somewhat similar
i u
b b bi bu
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When two letters come one after the other
and the first one has no vowel sound,
that is, it is aletter,
then the second letter is written in a mini version
below the first one
k k
+
=
p i pi
+ =
bu bu
+ =
b b
+ =
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Note that in such cases,
any vowel or other signs originally belonging to the second letter
are written attached to the firstletter
k k
+ = p i pi
+ = bu bu
+ = b b
+ = Its as if the first and the second letter together
form a new joint letter
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Here are the mini versions
of all the letters weve seen so far
When the second letter has no vowel
+
k
=
k
p p
b b
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When the second letter has the vowel
+
k
=
k
p p
b b
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When the second letter has the vowel i
+
ki
=
ki
i i
pi pi
bi bi
i i
i i
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And when the second letter has the vowel u
+
ku
=
ku
u u
pu pu
bu bu
u u
u u
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To sum up, the mini versions are special forms
that appear after a letter having
These mini versions can occur in the middle or at the end of a word,
but never at the beginning
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j
This letter has a sound similar to
y in yo-yo
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r
This letter has a sound similar to
r in Italian Roma
This is a rolled /r/, as in Spanish or Italian
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l
This letter has a sound similar to
l in lad
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These are the letters weve just seen
j r
l
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This is how these letters look, when the sound is added
j r
l
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This is how these letters look, when the i sound is added
ji ri
li i
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Notice the slightly different shapes of these letters,
compared to the others
ji
ri
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Not much between these two
li
i
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This is how these letters look, when the u sound is added
ju ru
lu u
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Notice the slightly different shape of this letter,
compared to the others
u
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These are all the various basic and combo letters
weve just seen
j j ji ju
r r ri ru
l l li lu
i u
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These letters look very similar
p p pi pu
i u
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These combo letters look somewhat similar
j ju
Remember thatju has an extra curl at the end
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Here are the mini versions
of the letters weve just seen
When the second letter has no vowel
+
j
=
j
r r
l l
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When the second letter has the vowel
+
j
=
j
r r
l l
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When the second letter has the vowel i
+
ji
=
ji
ri ri
li li
i i
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And when the second letter has the vowel u
+
ju
=
ju
ru ru
lu lu
u u
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Note that most of the mini versions weve just seen
look quite different from their full versions
j
r
l
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These two mini versions
look like mirror images of each other
k
j
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These mini versions look somewhat similar
p
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These are some actual Telugu words
Can you read them?
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Here are their pronunciations and meanings
juk1 ri bbu
youth (adjective) church stink, stench
blli urru ui
lizard snore, growl White Fig, ficus virens
puu bir1
flower loudly
prirj1 kukkpll1
service puppy
Some pronunciation keys above have been marked with a superscript 1
In these keys,
is a short or lazily pronounced version ofand is a short or lazily pronounced version ofi
For now, just assume
=
= i
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s
This letter has a sound similar to
s in sit
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This letter has a sound similar to
sh in ship
Some people pronounce this letter similar to
s in sit
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This letter has a sound similar to
h in hat
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These are the letters weve just seen
s
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This is how these basic letters are modified
to make the combo letters for , i and u
s
si i i
su u u
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These are all the various basic and combo letters
weve just seen
s s si su
i u
i u
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These letters look somewhat similar
p p pi pu
s s si su
i u
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These sets of letters look particularly similar
p p pi pu
i u
Notice the difference in shapes
between pu and u though
pu u
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Here are the mini versions
of the letters weve just seen
When the second letter has no vowel
+
s
=
s
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When the second letter has the vowel
+s
=
s
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When the second letter has the vowel i
+si
=
si
i i
i i
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And when the second letter has the vowel u
+su
=
su
u u
u u
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Some actual Telugu words with these letters weve just seen
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How many correct?
sri i
OK, all right moon
iuu kku
infant right, privilege
iri rs
Hijri, the Islamic calendar short
siri ups
shy disgust
1 is a short or lazily pronounced version ofu
For now, just assume = u
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n
This letter has a sound similar to
n in tenth
To pronounce this letter, the tip of your tongue
touches the back of your front teeth
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m
This letter has a sound similar to
m in mother
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These are the basic letters
weve just seen
n m
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This is how these basic letters are modified
to make the combo letters for , i and u
n m
n i mi
n u mu
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These are all the various basic and combo letters
weve just seen
n n n i n u
m m mi mu
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These sets of letters look very similar
s s si su
n n n i n u
As do these
i u
m m mi mu
Notice the difference in shapes
between u and mu though
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All these look somewhat similar
p p pi pu
i u
i u
m m mi mu
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Here are the mini versions
of the letters weve just seen
When the second letter has no vowel
+
n =
n
m m
When the second letter has the vowel
+n
=
n
m m
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When the second letter has the vowel i
+n i
=
n i
mi mi
And when the second letter has the vowel u
+n u
=
n u
mu mu
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Note that most of the mini versions weve just seen
look quite different from their full versions
n
m
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Some Telugu words with these letters weve just seen
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Heres how you pronounce them, and what they mean
mn mu mn su
we (including listener) mind
pn n u in n i
tooth tiny
brm rmmu
Brahma, a Hindu god skin
miksr pun rn m
mixer, blender rebirth
ukrrmu bn mu
Venus (planet) plural
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Remember the mini version rule? Lets extend it slightly.
When two or more letters come one after the other
and all before the lasthave no vowel sound,
that is, they are allletters,
then all letters after the first one
are written in their respective mini versions
below the first one
l k j lkj
+ + = i i
+
+
=
m b ru mbru
+ + = m p s mps
+ + =
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Again, remember that
any vowel or other signs originally belonging to the lastletter
are written attached to the firstletter
l k j lkj
+ + = i i
+ + = m b ru mbru
+ + = m p s mps
+ + =
So, all these letters in question together
form a new joint letter
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Heres a new vowel, along with its sign
e
This vowel sounds similar to
e in pen
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Now look at these combo letters,
each having the sound of a consonant plus the e vowel
ke e
pe be
e e
je re
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And some more combo letters, with this new vowel
le e
se e
e
n e me
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Dont get confused between and
ke k e
pe p be b
e e
je j re r
le l e
se s e
n e n me m
e
The two signs face in opposite directions!
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Heres a few words with our new vowel
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And heres how you say them, and what they mean
rekk erri
wing centipede
kn n e kupp
maiden bottle
eu pue
increase skull
rise elu
granary holiday
jemen bellmu
Yemen, an Arab country jaggery
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Heres another vowel, along with its sign
o
This vowel sounds similar to
o in or
but shorter in length
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Now look at these combo letters,
each having the sound of a consonant plus the o vowel
ko o
po bo
o o
jo ro
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91
And some more combo letters, with this new vowel
lo o
so o
o
n o mo
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Some letters have a rebellious streak in them,
refusing to conform to the mainstream
On these letters, the sign for o
is made up of the sign for e
plus the sign for u
jo
mo
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In other words
ju je jo
mu me mo
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Others are masters of camouflage
p po
o
s so
n n o
Look for patterns in the shapes
of these various combo letters
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And some new words with our new vowel
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96
Here are their pronunciations and meanings
mokk jokk
shoot, young plant of
pojji ojji
hearth pit, ditch
ou on n
enter millet
n oppi sobu
pain beauty
kobbri ojlu
copra grace
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97
t
This letter has a sound similar to
t in Spanish toro
To pronounce this letter, the tip of your tongue
touches the back of your front teeth
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98
d
This letter has a sound similar to
d in Spanish diez
To pronounce this letter, the tip of your tongue
touches the back of your front teeth
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99
These are the basic letters
weve just seen
t d
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100
This is how these basic letters are modified
to make the combo letters for , i and u
t d
t i d i
tu d u
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101
This is how these basic letters are modified
to make the combo letters for e and o
te d e
to d o
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102
These are all the various basic and combo letters
weve just seen
t t t i tu te to
d d d i d u d e d o
Notice the slightly different shape of
d i
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103
Here are the mini versions
of the letters weve just seen
Lets just take the simplest example
When the second letter has the vowel
+
t
=
t
d d
Note that the mini version oft
Looks quite different from its full version
t
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104
Can you read these Telugu words?
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105
Howd you fare?
di ped d
direction big
d on n e telu
plate made of dry leaves Telugu
d u itt mu
study, reading mind
toru bd mu
red, scarlet noise, sound
mutjmu jkt i
pearl person
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106
This letter has a sound similar to
t in ash tray
To pronounce this letter, the tip of your tongue
curls right back and touches the roof of your mouth
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107
This letter has a sound similar to
d in rushed
To pronounce this letter, the tip of your tongue
curls right back and touches the roof of your mouth
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108
Sometimes, this letter also has a sound similar to
tt in the American pronunciation ofbetter
dd in the American pronunciation ofladder
r in Spanishpero
but with the tongue curled further back
and flapping against the roof of the mouth
This particular sound occurs
only when the letter appears in certain positions in a word,
and will be marked as such in the pronunciation key
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109
These are the basic letters
weve just seen
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110
This is how these basic letters are modified
to make the combo letters for , i and u
i i
u u
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http://tiny.cc/sarvabhashin
111
This is how these basic letters are modified
to make the combo letters for e and o
e e
o o
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http://tiny.cc/sarvabhashin
112
These are all the various basic and combo letters
weve just seen
i u e o
i u e o
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113
Here are the mini versions
of the letters weve just seen
Lets just take the simplest example
When the second letter has the vowel
+
=
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114
These sets of letters look similar
d d d i d u d e d o
i u e o
Watch out for d i andi
Their mini versions too are similar
d
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115
And some Telugu words with these new letters
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116
All correct?
ekk pu
hoof anthill
oll bi
hollow child
t u re
measles ladle
pu t i
fall moisture
moim med u
pimple, acne brain
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117
Remember this letter?
k
The letter below is pronounced just like the one above,
except that the letter below is pronounced with a little puff of air
kh
It has a sound similar to
ck-h in brick-house
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118
Remember this letter?
The letter below is pronounced just like the one above,
except that the letter below is pronounced with a little puff of air
It has a sound similar to
ggh in egghead
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119
Remember this letter?
p
The letter below is pronounced just like the one above,
except that the letter below is pronounced with a little puff of air
p
It has a sound similar to
ph in uphold
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120
Remember this letter?
b
The letter below is pronounced just like the one above,
except that the letter below is pronounced with a little puff of air
b
It has a sound similar to
bh in clubhouse
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121
Remember this letter?
The letter below is pronounced just like the one above,
except that the letter below is pronounced with a little puff of air
It has a sound similar to
ch-h in church-house
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122
Remember this letter?
The letter below is pronounced just like the one above,
except that the letter below is pronounced with a little puff of air
It has a sound similar to
dgeh in badgeholder
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123
These are the basic letters weve just seen
kh
p b
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http://tiny.cc/sarvabhashin
124
This is how these basic letters are modified
to make the combo letters for
kh
p b
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125
This is how these basic letters are modified
to make the combo letters for i
khi i
pi bi
i i
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126
This is how these basic letters are modified
to make the combo letters for u
khu u
pu bu
u
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127
This is how these basic letters are modified
to make the combo letters for e
khe e
pe be
e e
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128
This is how these basic letters are modified
to make the combo letters for o
kho o
po bo
o o
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129
These are all the various basic and combo letters
weve just seen
kh kh kh i khu khe kho
i u e o
p p pi pu pe po
b b bi bu be bo
And the list goes on
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130
And
i u e o
i
u e o
...done!
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131
All of these puff-of-air letters
have a little pendulum at the bottom
kh
p b
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132
In some cases, this pendulum is the only thing
that differentiates these puff-of-air letters
from the ones with no puff of air
p p
b b
These two combo letters have one more difference
other than the pendulum,
namely the tick at the upper right
b b
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These sets of letters lookvery similar
i u e o
p p pi pu pe po
p p pi pu pe po
i u e o
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134
Notice how i looks slightly different
from other combo letters for i
i
pi pi i
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135
Also notice how u and o look slightly different from the rest
u o
u o
pu po
pu po
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136
In fact, o and o
are part of the rebel club we saw earlier
ju je jo
mu me mo
u e o
u e o
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137
These sets of letters looksimilar
r r ri ru re ro
j j ji ju je jo
i u e o
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138
These combo letters look somewhat similar
ru j
Remember that u has an extra curl at the end
u
and that o looks like u with ansign
u o
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139
Here are the mini versions
of the letters weve just seen
Lets just take the simplest example
When the second letter has the vowel
+
kh
=
kh
p p
b b
More to come
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140
And here are the remaining ones
+
=
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141
Some Telugu words with the new letters weve just seen
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142
Full marks?
plmu ri likht
fruit stream, rivulet written, in writing
trmu bkt i mukhj
umbrella devotion main
id rmu pilm lmu
pore, opening movie sublimity
sbjt llri kmu
politeness, manners cymbal unit
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143
Remember this letter?
t
The letter below is pronounced just like the one above,
except that the letter below is pronounced with a little puff of air
th
It has a sound similar to
th-h in bath-house
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144
Remember this letter?
d
The letter below is pronounced just like the one above,
except that the letter below is pronounced with a little puff of air
d
It has a sound similar to
dh in adhere
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145
These are thebasic letters weve just seen
th d
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146
This is how these basic letters are modified
to make the combo letters for , i and u
th d
th i d i
th u d u
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147/263
http://tiny.cc/sarvabhashin
147
This is how these basic letters are modified
to make the combo letters for e and o
th e d e
th o d o
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148/263
http://tiny.cc/sarvabhashin
148
These are all the various basic and combo letters
weve just seen
th th th i th u th e to
d d d i d u d e d o
Note the slightly different shape of these letters from other i letters
th i d i
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149
Here are the mini versions
of the letters weve just seen
When the second letter has the vowel
+
th
=
th
d d
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150
These sets of letters look similar
d d d i d u d e d o
i u e o
t th t i tu th e th o
d d d i d u d e d o
Watch out for i and its slightly different shape from other i letters
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151
All their mini versions too look similar
d
t
d
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152
The pendulum strikes again
th d
For d , this is the only thing differentiating it from d
d d
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153
These words arent too difficult
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154
Here you go
t ith i sth it i
date according to the lunar calendar status, condition
d n i bud d i
tone, note intelligence
d rumu t th jmu
Earths pole truth, fact
pd d t i mitn mu
practice, method the sign Gemini
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155
Remember this letter?
The letter below is pronounced just like the one above,
except that the letter below is pronounced with a little puff of air
It has a sound similar to
th in penthouse
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http://tiny.cc/sarvabhashin
156
Remember this letter?
The letter below is pronounced just like the one above,
except that the letter below is pronounced with a little puff of air
It has a sound similar to
dh in madhouse
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157/263
http://tiny.cc/sarvabhashin
157
These are the letters weve just seen
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158/263
http://tiny.cc/sarvabhashin
158
This is how these basic letters are modified
to make the combo letters for , i and u
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7/27/2019 Telugu Script Book | sarvabhashin
159/263
http://tiny.cc/sarvabhashin
159
This is how these basic letters are modified
to make the combo letters for e and o
e e
o o
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http://tiny.cc/sarvabhashin
160
These are all the various basic and combo letters
weve just seen
i u e o
i u e o
Note the slightly different shape of these letters from other i letters
i i
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http://tiny.cc/sarvabhashin
161
Here are the mini versions
of the letters weve just seen
When the second letter has the vowel
+
=
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http://tiny.cc/sarvabhashin
162
These sets of letters look similar
d d d i d u d e d o
i u e o
t th t i tu th e th o
d d d i d u d e d o
i u e o
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163
As do all their mini versions
d
t
d
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164
These sets of letters too look similar
r r ri ru re ro
i u e o
But their mini versions dont!
r
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Both these sets of letters have a dot in the middle
t th t i tu th e th o
i u e o
As do their mini versions
t
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Here are some Telugu words that have in various forms
mu
obstinacy, stubbornness
pn mu
reading, learning
kn mu
difficult
Unfortunately, many words that use and also use letters and signs that we havent seen yet
So well come across more words with
as we go on
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This letter has a sound similar to
l in hold
l in boulder
To pronounce this letter, the tip of your tongue
curls right back and touches the roof of your mouth
It sounds similar to
l
but with the tongue curled further back
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This letter has a sound similar to
sh in ash tray
To pronounce this letter, the tip of your tongue
curls right back and touches the roof of your mouth
In everyday speech, its mostly pronounced the same as
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This is how these basic letters are modified
to make the combo letters for , i and u
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And this is how they are modified
to make the combo letters for e and o
e e
o o
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These are all the various basic and combo letters
weve just seen
i u e o
i u e o
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And here are their mini versions
When the second letter has the vowel
+
=
has a special mini form
when it comes after k
k
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Sometimes,the sequenceand its combo letters
are written
that is, with the mini version
i u e o
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Camouflage at its very best
i u e o
p p pi pu pe po
p p pi pu pe po
i u e o
i u e o
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i falls into the latter category below
i
pi pi i i
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Also notice how the vowel signs for u and o
have slightly different shapes in these combo letter sets
u pu pu
u u
po po o
o o
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Here are all their mini versions
p p
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Here we go again
,
,
,
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Piece of cake?
k mn i
art man
mi iju
, again pupil, disciple
eu kmu
, to go difficulty
pemu rmu
, plate, saucer rain
n ktrmu lkmi
star, constellation Lakshmi, a Hindu goddess
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This letter has a sound similar to
ng in sing
It is not pronounced like the
ng in finger
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This letter has a sound similar to
ni in onion
gne in French montagne
in Spanish Espaa
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This letter has a sound similar to
n in wander
To pronounce this letter, the tip of your tongue
curls right back and touches the roof of your mouth
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These are the letters weve just seen
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185
This is how these basic letters are modified
to make the combo letters for , i and u
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And this is how they are modified
to make the combo letters for e and o
e e
e
o o o
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These are all the various basic and combo letters
weve just seen
i u e o
i u e o
i u e o
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Here are the mini versions
of the letters weve just seen
Lets just take the simplest example
When the second letter has the vowel
+
=
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These sets of letters look similar
i u e o
i u e o
As do their mini versions
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looks somewhat like an upside down
The other letters in the respective sets are more distinct, though
i u e o
i u e o
Their mini versions too are somewhat like mirror images
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This letter combo
is usually pronounced
n
That is, as if it were
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Do you notice any similarity in how these letters sound?
k kh
To pronounce all these letters,
your tongue touches the back of the roof of your mouth,
called the velum
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And what about in these letters?
To pronounce all these letters,
your tongue touches the middle part of the roof of the mouth,
called thepalate
Try saying them out loud and concentrate on the position of your tongue
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Some more similar-sounding letters, which weve already seen
To pronounce all these letters,
the tip of your tongue curls back and touches the roof of your mouth
Try saying them out loud and concentrate on the position of your tongue
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Yet another bunch of similar-sounding letters
t th
d d
n
To pronounce all these letters,
the tip of your tongue touches your front teeth
Try saying them out loud and concentrate on the position of your tongue
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And finally, the last batch of similar sounding letters
p p
b b
m
To pronounce all these letters,
your lips touch each other
Try saying them out loud and concentrate on the position of your tongue
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This sign is a shortcut sign
for the following letters
n m
Its pronunciation depends on what letter comes after it.
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Have a look at these words and their pronunciations
khmu
conch
mmu
delight, good fortune
nlmu
fickle, playful
snj
Sanjaya, a male name
More to come
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k hj
from the throat, guttural
pt
scholarly
jn t rmu
machine, device
nn d n
Nandana, a male name
smpn n
wealthy, prosperous
smbn d mu
relation, connection
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Lets look at it in a little more detail.
In these words, is like a shortcut for khmu mmu
In these words, is like a shortcut for
k hj pt
In these words, is like a shortcut forn jn t rmu n n d n
In these words, is like a shortcut formsmpn n smbn d mu
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No, we didnt forget
In these words, is like a shortcut for nl snj
However, its pronunciation is not exactly like
Instead, it sounds more like a normal n, like the
n in name
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We can see a pattern over here.
If occurs before the following letters then its pronunciation isk kh
n
t th d d
n p p b b
m
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Before all other letters, and at the end of a word,
its pronunciation is usually
msmjkt smrke
joint, united protection
smln smtsrmu
attached, included year
mmu ms
clan, lineage swan
simmu khm
lion sword
The odd exception might exist,
but these would usually be rare or obscure words
So dont worry As far as our nasal shortcut sign is concerned,
youre good to go!
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Great.
Now, an obvious question.
What if a word starts with a vowel?
How do we write it then?
Theres a slightly different way of doing this
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If a word starts with a vowel,
we use the following letters, instead of vowel signs
i u
e o
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and have a slightly different pronunciation
e
This letter has a sound similar to
ye in yes
o
This letter has a sound similar to
wo in wont
but slightly shorter in length
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Our nasal shortcut sign works equally well
with these independent vowel letters
Of course, the pronunciation of the sign will vary,
depending on what letter follows
Some examples will make this clear
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Here are some words that use independent vowel letters
rth m
meaning urm
ring(ornament)
krm
letter, alphabet uuto be, to
exist
n t m
end iu
give
rkku
bodyguarden md i
eight illu
house ekk
where
ikk
here ou
oath
i
asafoetidaoki
one ut t r
north oe
camel
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Speaking of vowels, here are some more
This sign has a sound similar to
a in father
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i
This sign has a sound similar to
ee in bee
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u
This sign has a sound similar to
oo in tool
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e
This sign has a sound similar to
in French fiance
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o
This sign has a sound similar to
o in Italian Roma
This sign is written aftera letter
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This is how the signs for , i, u, e and o are written
k ki
ku ke
ko
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Here are all the vowels weve seen so far,
attached to the letter k
k k
ki ki
ku ku
ke ke
ko ko
Note how the vowels on the right
are longer versions of the ones on the left
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In some cases, the long vowel sign
is simply the short vowel sign with an added
ki ki
ke ke
ko ko
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Elementary, my dear Watson
p p s n
p p s n
po po o so n o o
Watch out for
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Here are some Telugu words with the new signs weve just seen
,
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And some more
J
And were done!
For now at least
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How many correct?
t t
grandfather k
Dacca,Bangladesh
pri
animal rm
garland
mjm
literature n m,nn m
knowledge
min ufish niuwater ,
ii
splendour mbirm
seriousness
prit i
love rin sSrinivasa,
a Hindu god
purt ifullness,
completion duidust
unjm
emptiness,
nothingness
murkhfoolish
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muurt m
auspicious
occasion
beuru
Bangalore
peru
name n en u
I
d em
country ed m
denominator
et u
cause, reason ketrm
area
opi
cap n oucurrency
note
soku
to touch, strike
jom
yoga
poo
photograph ommburnt
offering
Phew!
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At the beginning of a word, these vowels are written like this
i u
e o
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Here are all the independent vowels weve seen so far,
along with their corresponding vowel signs
i i
u u
e e e e
o o o o
We already know that does not have any vowel sign of its own
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All these pairs look similar
in that the one on the right is a slightly modified version
of the one on the left
u u
e e
o o
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Remember, uhas one horn at the topand uhas two
u u
These letters below too have a common element,
namely the horizontal stroke with the curl at the right
i u
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These two letters look very similar
i
These letters all have a common basic shape
o o
b b
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Some Telugu words beginning with the new vowel letters
weve just seen
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You should have got all of these right!
desire,hope
n d rprd e
Andhra Pradesh, a statein India
i
housefly irj
envy
u
juice, sap urj
Indian pickle
eu
seven ekn m
singular o
boat o hj
labial, from the lips
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And even more vowel signs
j
This sign has a sound similar to
i in fight
More precisely, it sounds like i in fight
when pronounced in a Scottish accent
It looks like a combination of
e
and
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w
This sign has a sound similar to
ow in cow
More precisely, it sounds like owin cow
when pronounced in a Scottish accent
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This is how the signs for j and w are written
kj kw
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Notice the similarity in the shapes of these combo letters
ke ke kj
k ku kw
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At the beginning of a word, these vowels are written like this
j
w
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These letters look similar
e e j
As do these
o o w
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Here are some Telugu words with the new letters weve just seen
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And their pronunciations and meanings
kj
hand rijlmSrisailam, a town in Andhra Pradesh
jd rbd
Hyderabad, the capital of Andhra Pradesh wd
howdah,a seat fixed on the back of an elephant
pwr
powder swn d rjm
beauty jd u
five wd m
medicine jrjm
wealth, splendour wtjm
appropriateness
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A few letters and signs still remain!
This sign has a sound similar to
a in cat
Heres an example of this vowel sign
in combination withk
k
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Unfortunately, our new sign looks exactly like
the mini version of j
plus the vowel sign
Fortunately, this sign is pronounced with the sound
only in English words borrowed into Telugu
So the pronunciation is usually clear from the context
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At the beginning of a word, this sign is written like this
Again, it looks exactly like
j
But remember that it occurs only in borrowed English words
So youll know from the context
when to use which pronunciation
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Like you read earlier, this sign is used in Telugu
only to write words borrowed from English
that have the a sound in cat
s
gas
bri
battery
knsr
cancer
kss bk
Axis Bank, a bank in India
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r
This sign has a sound similar to
rhu in rhubarb
This sign is written belowa letter
Note that this sign behaves like a vowel sign
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This is how the sign for r is written
kr
Notice how these letter combos look similar
kr kr
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At the beginning of a word, this sign is written like this
r
Dont confuse it with this letter combo
bu
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Some Telugu words which use this sign or its independent letter
kri rm ri
agriculture debt sage, seer
rkm kru
tree Krishna, a Hindu god
rd jm mt rbumi
heart motherland
rsth rd d rmm
of the household old-age home
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Another letter with a r sound
r
This letter has a sound similar to
r in Italian Roma
This is a rolled /r/, as in Spanish or Italian
That is, its pronunciation is exactly the same as
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These letters look somewhat similar
r
These are the various vowel combos formed from our new letter
r r ri ri ru ru
re re rj ro ro rw
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Here are some words with this letter
r erri
shelf centipede
rekk reu
wing king, lord
rmpm urrm
hacksaw horse
kukkurt i ereru
greed various
These words are today normally spelled with r
However, you might still come across this letter every now and then
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Remember this letter?
This letter has another sound
ts
This sound is similar to
ts in Betsy
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These alternative pronunciations exist
only before certain vowel sounds
ts ts ts tsu tsu tso tso
z z z zu zu zo zo
In some cases, you might notice these alternative pronunciations
being marked with this sign on top
Like so
ts z
But more often than not,
you'll find them written simply as and
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Some words with these alternative pronunciations
tsl zu
much, very delay
tsokk zon n
shirt millet
tsukk rozu
dot, drop day, date
tsd u zud m
study, reading gambling
rtsts bez
meeting place Vijayawada, a city in Andhra Pradesh
Dont worry
Youll be OK even if you pronounce these with a and
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One last sign
This sign has a sound similar to
h in hat
but with a little twist (well see how on the next page)
Note that this sign too behaves like a vowel sign
Likethis sign can be added onto another vowel sign
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This is how this new sign combines with basic letters
and is pronounced
k k
kii kii
kuu kuu kee kji
koo kwu
It never combines with the signs e and o
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Likethis new sign can also combine with independent vowel letters
ii ii
uu uu ee ji
oo wu
It never combines with the letters eand o
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Got it?
In a nutshell, the sign is pronounced
followed by a somewhat shortened repetition
of the vowel just before it
k
kwu wu
Like so
pun prt
again at dawn
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When this sign occurs in the middle of a word,
it's often pronounced as a doubling of the next letter
d ukkhm n tkkrm
sadness conscience
Not to fret
This sign occurs very rarely in Telugu,
only in some words borrowed from Sanskrit
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Remember
has two circles
and our nasal shortcut letter
has only one
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Lets end with numerals and punctuation
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0
Punctuation marks are similar to English
In some old Telugu texts, you might find these punctuation marks
full stop end of verse
Try your hand at these
3,737 ,
0.611 .1.2% .%
54,789.01 ,.
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Here is a well-known piece of writing, in its Telugu version
.
.
prtpt t st mlijmn mn lellrn u n mt
stn trln u smun lun u n d ru. ru ied n n t kkr
smpn n le prsprmu brt rbmto
rt mpljn u.
This is Article 1 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights
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This is the Telugu alphabet
The names of the letters are the sounds of the letters themselves
i i u u r e e j o o w k kh
t th d d n
p p b b m
j r bi r l
s ts dz, z
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And these are the vowel and other signs, and their Telugu names
i i u u r
e e j o o w
n usrmu srmu lpllk
Good luck!
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