history of madhya pradesh

7/27/2019 History of Madhya Pradesh

1/3

History of Madhya Pradesh 1

History of Madhya Pradesh

The history of the Indian state Madhya Pradesh is divided into three periods.

Ancient

The Sanchi stupa in Sanchi, Madhya Pradesh built by emperor

Ashoka ranjit karvy mfs in the third century BC

The city of Ujjain (also known as Avanti) arose as a

major center in the second wave of Indian urbanization

in the sixth century BC, and served as the chief city of

the kingdom of Malwa or Avanti. Further east, the

kingdom of Chedi lie in Bundelkhand. Chandragupta

Maurya united northern India c. 320 BCE, establishing

the Maurya empire (321 to 185 BCE), which included

all of modern-day Madhya Pradesh. King Ashoka's

wife was said to come from Vidisha- a town north of

today's Bhopal. The Maurya empire went into decline

after the death of Asoka, and Central India was

contested among the Sakas, Kushanas, and local

dynasties during the 3rd to 1st centuries BCE. Ujjain

emerged as the predominant commercial center of

western India from the first century BCE, located on the trade routes between the Ganges plain and India's Arabian

Sea ports. It was also an important Hindu and Buddhist center. The Satavahana dynasty of the northern Deccan and

the Saka dynasty of the Western Satraps fought for the control of Madhya Pradesh during the 1st to 3rd centuries CE.

Northern India was conquered by the Gupta empire in the 4th and 5th centuries, which became known as India's

"classical age". The Vakataka dynasty were the southern neighbors of the Guptas, ruling the northern Deccan plateaufrom the Arabian Sea to the Bay of Bengal. These empires collapsed towards the end of the 5th century.

Medieval

The attacks of the Hephthalites or White Huns brought about the collapse of the Gupta empire, and India broke up

into smaller states. A king Yasodharman of Malwa defeated the Huns in 528, ending their expansion. King Harsha of

Thanesar reunited northern India for a few decades before his death in 647. The Medieval period saw the rise of the

Rajput clans, including the Paramaras of Malwa and the Chandelas of Bundelkhand. The Paramara king Bhoj (c.

10101060) was a brilliant polymath and prolific writer. The Chandelas created the temple city of Khajuraho

between c. 950 and c. 1050. Gond kingdoms emerged in Gondwana and Mahakoshal. Northern Madhya Pradesh was

conquered by the Turkic Delhi Sultanate in the 13th century. After the collapse of the Delhi Sultanate at the end of

the 14th century, independent regional kingdoms reemerged, including the Tomara Rajput kingdom of Gwalior and

the Muslim Sultanate of Malwa, with its capital at Mandu. The Malwa Sultanate was conquered by the Sultanate of

Gujarat in 1531.

Modern

Most of Madhya Pradesh came under Mughal rule during the reign of the emperor Akbar (15561605). Gondwana

and Mahakoshal remained under the control of Gond kings, who acknowledged Mughal supremacy but enjoyed

virtual autonomy. After the death of the Mughal emperor Aurangzeb in 1707 Mughal control began to weaken, and

the Marathas began to expand from their base in central Maharashtra. Between 1720 and 1760 the Marathas tookcontrol of most of Madhya Pradesh, and Maratha clans were established semi-autonomous states under the nominal
http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mughal_Empirehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Akbarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Aurangzebhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Marathahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Marathahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Aurangzebhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Akbarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mughal_Empirehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gujarathttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mandu%2C_Madhya_Pradeshhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gwaliorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tomarahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Delhi_Sultanatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Turkic_peopleshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gondi_peoplehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Khajurahohttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Polymathhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bhojhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chandelahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Paramarahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rajputhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Thanesarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Harshahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Yasodharmanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hephthalitehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Deccanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Vakatakahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gupta_empirehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Western_Satrapshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Deccanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Satavahanahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Buddhisthttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hinduhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Arabian_Seahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Arabian_Seahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gangeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kushanahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sakahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Asokahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Vidishahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maurya_empirehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chandragupta_Mauryahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chandragupta_Mauryahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chedi_Kingdomhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Malwahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ujjainhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ASanchi2.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Madhya_Pradeshhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sanchihttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Madhya_Pradesh


2/3

History of Madhya Pradesh 2

control of the Maratha Peshwa. The Holkars of Indore ruled much of Malwa, and the Bhonsles of Nagpur dominated

Mahakoshal and Gondwana as well as Vidarbha in Maharashtra. Jhansi was founded by a Maratha general. Bhopal

was ruled by a Muslim dynasty descended from the Afghan General Dost Mohammed Khan. Maratha expansion was

checked at the Third Battle of Panipat in 1761.

The British were expanding their Indian dominions from bases in Bengal, Bombay, and Madras, and the three

Anglo-Maratha Wars were fought between 1775 and 1818. The Third Anglo-Maratha War left the British supreme inIndia. Most of Madhya Pradesh, including the large states of Indore, Bhopal, Nagpur, Rewa, and dozens of smaller

states, became princely states of British India, and the Mahakoshal region became a British province, the Saugor and

Nerbudda Territories. In 1853 the British annexed the state of Nagpur, which included southeastern Madhya

Pradesh, eastern Maharashtra and most of Chhattisgarh, which were combined with the Saugor and Nerbudda

Territories to form the Central Provinces in 1861. The princely states of northern Madhya Pradesh were governed by

the Central India Agency.

After Indian independence

Madhya Pradesh was created in 1950 from the former British Central Provinces and Berar and the princely states of

Makrai and Chhattisgarh, with Nagpur as the capital of the state. The new states of Madhya Bharat, Vindhya

Pradesh, and Bhopal were formed out of the Central India Agency. In 1956, the states of Madhya Bharat, Vindhya

Pradesh, and Bhopal were merged into Madhya Pradesh, and the Marathi-speaking southern region Vidarbha, which

included Nagpur, was ceded to Bombay state. Bhopal became the new capital of the state. In November 2000, as part

of the Madhya Pradesh Reorganization Act, the southeastern portion of the state split off to form the new state of

Chhattisgarh.
http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chhattisgarhhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bombay_statehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Vidarbhahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Marathi_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bhopal_State_%281949%E2%80%9356%29http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Vindhya_Pradeshhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Vindhya_Pradeshhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Madhya_Bharathttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nagpurhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Makraihttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Princely_stateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Central_Provinces_and_Berarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Central_India_Agencyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Central_Provinceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chhattisgarhhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nagpurhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Saugor_and_Nerbudda_Territorieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Saugor_and_Nerbudda_Territorieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=British_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Princely_statehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rewa_%28princely_state%29http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Third_Anglo-Maratha_Warhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Anglo-Maratha_Warshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Madrashttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bombayhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bengalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=United_Kingdomhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Third_Battle_of_Panipathttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dost_Mohammad_Khan%2C_Nawab_of_Bhopalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Afghanistanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bhopal_Statehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jhansihttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Vidarbhahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gondwanahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mahakoshalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nagpurhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bhonslehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Indorehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Holkarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Peshwa


3/3

Article Sources and Contributors 3

Article Sources and ContributorsHistory of Madhya Pradesh Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=562832580 Contributors: Abhi32, D6, FaisalAbbasid, Gongshow, JaGa, Materialscientist, Shyamsunder,

Toccata quarta, Utcursch, Woohookitty, 13 anonymous edits

Image Sources, Licenses and ContributorsImage:Sanchi2.jpg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Sanchi2.jpg License: Creative Commons Attribution-Sharealike 2.5 Contributors: AnRo0002, Fountain Posters,

Geofrog, Gryffindor, HenkvD, Nataraja, Olivier2, Shizhao, Tsui, 1 anonymous edits

License

Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/

history of madhya pradesh

Documents