الرحیم الرحمن اللہ بسم وبرکاتہ اللہ ورحمتہ علیکم السلامEngr. Mahr Anwar Ahmedمھرانواراحمد Office:- ACX-F106EGT 201 – INDUSTRIAL SAFETY

MODULE 1 – PRINCIPLES OF SAFETY

SAFETY: The degree of freedom to do work in the presence of hazard/risk.

Working without injury or damage in the presence of hazard/risk.

ACCIDENT: Unplanned undesirable event which causes damages.

HAZARD: Situation that poses level of threat to the safety.

Risk to the safety of person/Possibility (إمكانية ) of causing harm.

RISK: Potential for some undesired event to occur.

Probability (احتمال ) of harm causing.

An accident will occur only if hazard exists. Each industrial accident has some costs/results/losses:

(a) Physical 1. Loss of life

2. Permanent disability

3. Distress

(b) Financial 4. Lost production

5. Damaged materials

6. Medical cost

7. Damaged property

The importance of safety in industrial plants/operations is to minimize the costs/losses/results of an accident.

SITUATIONS OF HAZARD: Unsafe condition & unsafe act.

First step to prevent an accident is to identify hazard (unsafe condition & unsafe act).

UNSAFE CONDITIONS: UNSAFE ACTS:

1. Environmental condition 1. Improper skill

2. Hazardous material 2. Improper supervision

3. Improper plant condition 3. By passing procedure

4. Hazardous work method 4. Careless behavior

5. Improper training

The vulnerable parts of the workman are:

1. Head 2. Eyes

3. Ears 4. Lungs

5. Body 6. Hands 7. Feet