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ICL

the Indian Cricket League (ICL) was a private cricket league funded by Zee

Entertainment Enterprises that operated between 2007 and 2009 in India.

notionally located in major Indian cities as well as the champions Lahore

Badshahs who were based in Lahore, Pakistan. The matches were played in

the Twenty20 format. There was also a planned domestic 50-over

tournament, but this did not eventuate. While its establishment pre-dated the

Indian Premier League, the ICL folded in 2009. Aside from commercial factors,

the ICL lacked the support of the Board of Control for Cricket in India and

International Cricket Council.

Contents

ICL World Teams

1 History

2 League structure

2.1

2.2 ICL Domestic Teams

3 Tournaments

3.1 First season

3.2 Second season

4 Reasons for creation

4.1 The "Inverted Pyramid" cricket structure

4.2 Zee Telefilms desire to create sports content

5 Support for the league

6 Controversy

6.1 BCCI Response

6.1.1 ICL takes BCCI to court

7 Pressure on Players from Other National Organisations

8 The Downfall of the ICL

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8.1 Transparency Issues

9 The end of ICL

10 Broadcasting of ICL

10.1 Broadcasting Ban

11 Other private cricket leagues

12 References

13 External links

History

Zee Telefilms, part of the Essel group promoted by Subhash Chandra, had bid

for the telecast rights to the 2003 Cricket World Cup. Although the highest

bid, it was unsuccessful. In 2004, Subhash Chandra again bid for telecast

rights and ended up in an inconclusive court battle. He made another bid for

the 2006 ICC Champions Trophy rights and once again lost. He responded by

creating the ICL. They denied us the cricket content, said Himanshu Mody,

business head of ICL and Zees sports,so, we had to create our own

content. [1] Zee Telefilms announced that it would partner with major

infrastructure group IL&FS to create a new, ambitious cricket organisation,

the Indian Cricket League.[2] with prize money of one million US dollars in theinitial edition for the winning team.

The ICL was set up with a billion dollar Indian Rupee corpus, and was to

initially comprise six teams playing Twenty20 cricket, with plans to expand to

sixteen teams within three years and to eventually move to 50-over matches.

These plans, if they had been realised, would have made the ICL the richest

professional league in India. On 24 July 2007, some famous international

names were announced to have signed to play in the ICL, including highest

innings record-holder Brian Lara.[3]

Due to the unofficial nature of the league, most of the national cricket boards

warned their players against joining it and as a result most of the

international players who signed for the first edition were retired

internationals, such as Brian Lara, Chris Cairns and Craig McMillan, or former

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players no intention of breaking back into their national team, such as Chris

Read and Daryl Tuffey (who has since broken back in the New Zealand team,

after breaking ties with the league). A notable exception was Imran Farhat,

who chose to opt out of his Pakistan Central contract to sign with the League.

[4] Former Pakistan captain Javed Miandad said he was not able to

understand why the PCB would not allow its players to participate in theleague and why it was threatening players with a lifetime ban.[5] The PCB

subsequently banned players involved in the ICL from playing domestic

cricket, a move that prompted some players, notably Farhat and Taufeeq

Umar, to threaten court action.[6]

The opposition to the league from the national cricket boards across the

world and the International Cricket Council (ICC) was continued into the

league's second edition. Several international ICC players who were signed to

play domestic cricket for teams in the English County Championship,including Shane Bond, Rana Naved-ul-Hasan, Mushtaq Ahmed and Jason

Gillespie were unable to fulfill their County Championship contracts because

the home counties cricket boards refused to grant them the necessary

documents to play in England.[7]

The first edition of the league commenced on 30 November 2007. The league

consisted of six teams with the matches played at Panchkula, near

Chandigarh. Matches were initially held at Tau Devi Lal stadium in Panchkula,

near Chandigarh, Lal Bahadur Stadium in Hyderabad, and at Tau Devi LalStadium in Gurgaon [1], near New Delhi. In 2008, ICL games were played at

more venues.

The first edition had 6 teams; this was expanded to 8 in early 2008, and one

more team was added in the second half of that year. Players participating in

this league had been threatened with bans by the cricket boards of their

respective countries, as the ICL was regarded by them as an unsanctioned

rebel league.[8][9] However most of the players continue to play first class

cricket under the control of their respective boards. The first editionconcluded on 16 December 2007 with the Chennai Superstars winning the

first title. The second edition was a 50 over tournament played from 7

January 2008 to 28 January 2008 at Mayajaal Cricket Ground, near Chennai,

with Chennai Superstars winning again. A third edition which commenced on

9 March 2008 saw the league expanded to eight teams and matches being

played at two further venues, Hyderabad and Gurgaon. The Hyderabad

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Heroes won the 3rd edition. The fourth edition was a domestic Twenty-20

tournament won by Chandigarh Lions.

The second season, which added Ahmedabad as a venue, commenced in the

last quarter of 2008, with the Lahore Badshahs from Pakistan winning.

League structure

Each team was coached by a former international cricketer and comprised

four international, two Indian and eight budding domestic players. Essel

Group also planned to set up cricket academies all over the country. The

Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI) was assured that it was free to

draw from ICL's talent pool. The league became active in November 2007

with matches in the Twenty20 format.

Former international cricketers including Kapil Dev, Tony Greig, Dean Jones

and Kiran More were hired as board members of the Indian Cricket League.

[10] The board positions will be paid positions.[11]

Nine teams of private clubs :

Mumbai Champs

Chennai Superstars

Chandigarh Lions

Hyderabad Heroes

Royal Bengal Tigers (Kolkata)

Delhi Giants

Ahmedabad Rockets

Lahore Badshahs

Dhaka Warriors

Each team had a paid mentor, media manager, psychologist and

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physiotherapist

There was a US$ 1 million prize for the winning club team

An Ombudsman is available to look into grievances of players

ICL World Teams

The World

John Emburey - Coach,

Chris Cairns - Captain

Andrew Hall,

Chris Harris,

Damien Martyn,

Daryl Tuffey,

Ian Harvey,

Jimmy Maher,

Johan van der Wath,

Lou Vincent (Wicketkeeper),

Marvan Atapattu,

Matthew Elliot,

Michael Kasprowicz,

Russel Arnold

India

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Steve Rixon - Coach

Rajagopal Satish - Captain

Abbas Ali,

Abhishek Jhunjhunwala,

Abu Nacheem,

Ali Murtaza,

Ambati Rayudu,

Ganapathi Vignesh,

Ibrahim Khaleel (Wicketkeeper),

Love Ablish,

Ravi Raj Patil,

Rohan Gavaskar,

Stuart Binny,

Syed Mohammed,

Thiru Kumaran,

TP Sudhindra,

Sarbjit Singh,

Tejinder Pal Singh,

V. Sarvanan

Pakistan

Moin Khan - Coach

Inzamam-ul-Haq - Captain

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Azhar Mahmood

Taufeeq Umar

Imran Farhat

Rana Naved-ul-Hasan

Abdul Razzaq

Naved Latif

Humayun Farhat

Arshad Khan

Shahid Nazir

Hasan Raza

Mohammad Sami

Imran Nazir

Riaz Afridi

Shabbir Ahmed

Bangladesh

Balwinder Sandhu - Coach

Habibul Bashar - Captain

Aftab Ahmed

Alok Kapali

Dhiman Ghosh

Farhad Reza

Manjural Islam

Golam Mabud

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Mahbubul Karim

Mohammad Rafique

Mohammad Sharif

Mosharraf Hossain

Shahriar Nafees

Tapash Baisya

ICL Domestic Teams

Main articles: Chandigarh Lions, Chennai Superstars, Delhi Giants, Hyderabad

Heroes, Kolkata Tigers, Mumbai Champs, Ahmedabad Rockets, Lahore

Badshahs, and Dhaka Warriors

Tournaments

First season

Main article: ICL 20-20 Indian Championship 2007/08

Main article: ICL 50s 2007/08

Main article: ICL 20s Grand Championship 2007/08

Main article: ICL 20s World Series 2007/08

Second season

Main article: ICL 20-20 Indian Championship 2008/09

Main article: ICL 20s World Series 2008/09

Reasons for creation

Question book-new.svg This section does not cite any references or

sources. (October 2008)

Several factors have played a role in formulation of a cricket league which

may run in parallel to the current official Indian cricket control body, BCCI.

The "Inverted Pyramid" cricket structure

Question book-new.svg This section does not cite any references or

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sources. (May 2010)

There is wide disparity between the facilities enjoyed by the national team

and the regional ones. This makes the regional players far from finished

products when they are called to represent their country, preventing a huge

country like India from having adequate reserve strength in the national

squad when key players are injured or retire. Also, the regional cricket boards

depend on the BCCI for hand-outs of funds for infrastructure and grassroots

development. The players who are entrenched at the top have strong backing

from sports management firms and also can afford the best in personal

trainers, physiotherapists and technical consultants, which are well beyond

the scope of the average player.

Zee Telefilms desire to create sports content

Question book-new.svg This section does not cite any references or

sources. (October 2008)

The Essel group has expressed a keen desire to help India develop cricketing

talent, as well as provide lucrative sports programming for Zee Telefilms,

which lost out on the rights to broadcast all BCCI-sanctioned cricket matches

in India until 2011.

Essel Group had originally launched Zee Sports earlier with the anticipation of

bagging at least some of the BCCI telecast rights in 2006. This was followed

by Zee acquiring 50 percent in TEN Sports in November 2006 for Rs. 257

crore (Rs. 2.57 billion). This gave the company a few international cricket

rights West Indies, Sri Lanka and Pakistan.

Cricket played in India generates Rs. 1,000 crore (Rs. 10 billion) in advertising

and subscription revenue and Subhash Chandra has been acutely aware of

his company missing out on this lucrative cricket pie.

During his battle with BCCI and ESPN Star Sports for the five-year telecast

rights in AugustSeptember 2004 in the Bombay High Court, Chandra was

present every day for the hearings. Despite Zee bidding the highest at $307

million, BCCI and its then president Jagmohan Dalmiya denied him the rights.

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The pain of denial has been with Chandra since 2000 when the ICC World Cup

rights were sold to NewsCorps Global Cricket Corporation (GCC) for $550

million despite Zee bidding the highest at $650 million citing Zee's

insufficient sports marketing experience.

In August 2005, Zee again emerged as a forerunner with a pitch of over $340

million while ESPN Star Sports, the other principal contender, is believed to

have offered around $325 million. BCCI took the stance that Zee was not

qualified as a specialist broadcaster and refused to consider Zees proposal.

The matter expectedly went to court and Doordarshan emerged the

beneficiary.

Chandra then tried the political route too and supported Sharad Pawars

candidature as BCCI president against Dalmiya. Pawar emerged victorious but

not Chandra. In the last round of bidding in February, last year, it was Nimbus

who bagged BCCIs telecast rights till 2011 for $613 million with Zee trailing

at $513 million.

Since there was a Zee-Nimbus alliance before the bidding, media pundits

thought Nimbus bid was a Zee front. But Nimbus chose to go its own way

and launched its own sports network NEO Sports.

Support for the league

This section needs additional citations for verification. (May 2010)

The ICL has received support from some unexpected quarters. There was a

fear that lack of access to infrastructure, like the premier cricket stadiums,

would limit the success of the operation of the league, but support from

various government bodies has boosted the league. Camps will be held atMayajaal in Chennai, which is a private resort with good cricket facilities.[12]

Indian Railways chief Lalu Prasad has shown his backing by opening all the

cricket stadiums controlled by the Indian Railways to the league. Describing

the ICL as a good initiative, Prasad has issued a statement saying that the

BCCI and ICL should each come up with a cricket team and play against each

other to show who's the best. [2] The state government of West Bengal has

also agreed to rent its cricket grounds, notably Eden Gardens, to the league.

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[13]

Controversy

BCCI Response

This section needs additional citations for verification. (May 2010)

The BCCI refused to recognise the ICL as a cricket league, and criticised Kiran

More and Kapil Dev for joining the ICL.[14] Kapil Dev's association with ICL

was seen by the establishment as a conflict of interest as he was also the

chairman of National Cricket Academy, a BCCI owned cricket facility.[15] On

August 21, 2007 Kapil Dev was sacked from his NCA post.[16] Subhash

Chandra had earlier stated that the ICL will go ahead regardless of the BCCI's

stance. The International Cricket Council gave a statement through its chief

executive, Malcolm Speed, that the ICC would not recognize the ICL unlessthe BCCI chooses to recognise it. The ICC looks at the ICL as an issue to be

sorted out by the BCCI. On July 25, 2012 Kapil Dev informed BCCI that he has

resigned from the rebel league ICL and will continue supporting them,

thereby paving way to get back into the BCCI fold. [17]

Faced with the threat of young players joining the ICL, the BCCI jacked up

prize money for winners, runners-up and losing semi-finalists across all

tournaments. An average domestic cricketer can hope to make around Rs

35,000 per match day from the season of 2007-08: more than double the Rs16,000 they got in 2005-06. The BCCI has also planned to do away with

honorary selectors, who will be paid professionals from September 2008

onwards.[18]

The BCCI started its own international Twenty20 league. The official league,

which launched in April 2008, is called the Indian Premier League Twenty20

cricket. The league model is revolutionary, based on the franchise model of

the National Football League and Major League Baseball in the USA.[19]

ICL takes BCCI to court

This section needs additional citations for verification. (May 2010)

In August 2007, the ICL filed a petition against the BCCI in the Delhi High

Court accusing the BCCI of threatening and intimidating them and other state

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organisations, and asked the court to stop BCCI from interfering with its

attempts to sign up players for its tournaments. It also petitioned that the

BCCI stop trying to "out-hire" cricket stadiums in India that are owned by the

state governments, in anti-competitive attempts to stop the ICL from using

them to play matches.

On August 27, 2007, the Delhi High Court ruled in favour of the ICL. In its

ruling, the Delhi High Court said that players should not suffer in the battle

between corporate giants. The court has issued notices to all corporate

sponsors, the state cricket associations & the BCCI against terminating valid

contracts of players joining the ICL.[20]

The Monopolies and Restrictive Trade Practices Commission (MRTPC) of India

had asked its Director-General of Investigation to do an initial investigation

into the BCCI's action against players who had joined the ICL. The

investigation was based on media reports of the BCCI giving an open

statement that it will ban players who join ICL. It was also reported in the

media that all state associations, under direction from the BCCI, have

cancelled contracts with players.[21]

Pressure on Players from Other National Organisations

This section needs additional citations for verification. (May 2010)

In considering rejoining the ICL former England wicketkeeper Paul Nixon was

said to have put his career in jeopardy because any player that signs up with

the ICL, which does not have official status from the International Cricket

Council, risks losing their registration.[22]

The addition of a new team from Dhaka in Bangladesh, consisting largely of

Bangladesh internationals caused more controversy as the cricket board of

that country banned the players for 10 years for joining the 'rebel' ICL.[23]Faced with the departure of so many players the board appealed to other

Bangladeshi players to reject the new ICL team, stay loyal to the board and

embrace the opportunity to play for their country.[24]

The Downfall of the ICL

This section needs additional citations for verification. (May 2010)

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The future of ICL has become dark when BCCI allowed ICL players to play

international matches.Since then many ICL players have returned to their

national team including famous players like Shane Bond (now retired) and

Abdul Razzaq.

The huge success of IPL is also a reason of the coming down of ICL.

Shortly before the conclusion of the inaugural tournament, the ICL announced

its plans for expansion, which include a fifty over tournament in February

2008, and the expansion of the ICL Indian Championship to eight teams for

the second tournament, due to be held in September and October 2008.[25]

A similar initiative has been launched in United States by the PayAutoMata

group but details have yet to emerge.[26]

In October 2008, the promoters of the ICL, Zee and its parent company Essel

Sports Pvt. Ltd, had applied for trademark registration of T20 under Class 28

of the Trade Mark Rules, 2002.[27] [28]

Transparency Issues

Question book-new.svg This section does not cite any references or

sources. (May 2010)

Independent analysts have had difficulty gauging the financial viability of the

ICL due to the lack of transparency of the leagues operations. Terms of

contracts are hidden and advertising revenue from match telecasts

considered to be a major contributor to revenues have never been

disclosed. Because they are unsanctioned by the ICC, the teams do not haveaccess to the best facilities across the whole country or access to the best

players, limiting their ability to generate high gate revenues. This lack of

transparency leads to questions regarding the overall viability of the ICLs

business model.[citation needed]

The end of ICL

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The ICL has now come to an end after all its players dropped out.This was

because of the offer of amnesty given by BCCI to players choosing to leave

the ICL.

Broadcasting of ICL

Since the ICL was conducted by Zee Telefilms, the ICL was broadcast in most

domains on the Zee network.[29]

Broadcaster Regional Broadcast Rights

Zee Sports

Global Rights, India -- Hindi, Bangladesh & USA

Ten Sports

India -- English, Bangladesh, Pakistan & Middle East

BTV

Bangladesh

ATN Bangla

Bangladesh

Gateway

North Africa

Telkom-Malaysia

Malaysia

Astro TVIQ

Malaysia

Fox Sports

Australia

Zee Music

UK

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Zee Smile Asia[citation needed]

Zee TV

Africa

Caribbean Media Corporation

Caribbean

Broadcasting Ban

In November 2008, the Bangladeshi government set a ban on the

broadcasting of live matches of the ICL on a the private held Diganta TV

channel in the country. This would extend to the ICL World Series featuring

the country's national team.[30]

Other private cricket leagues

Most professional cricket around the world is run by the national cricket

boards of the full members of the ICC, but there have been several previous

attempts to create professional leagues outside the established system. Like

the ICL, each of them came into conflict with the establishment:

World Series Cricket was formed by Australian media tycoon Kerry Packer

in the late 1970s, and played a major role in the development of limited overs

cricket and commercialisation of the game.

Pro Cricket League in USA formed by Kalpesh Patel. It started with eight

teams on 2 July 2004 and expired the same year.[31]

Indian Cricket League (USA) formed in 2005 by PayAutoMata Group in the

U.S. state of Florida.

Stanford 20/20 formed in 2006 by billionaire Sir Allen Stanford in the West

Indies. It has since reconciled with the cricket establishment, gainingrecognition by the West Indies Cricket Board.

References

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^ Ekbaat staff (September 15, 2007). "Why and how was ICL created".

Ekbaat. Retrieved 2007-09-15.

^ Cricinfo staff (3 April 2007). "Business mogul announces new cricket

league". Cricinfo. Retrieved 2007-06-13.

^ Cricinfo staff (July 26, 2007). "Warne and McGrath set to join ICL: Kapil".

Cricinfo. Retrieved 2007-07-26.

^ Cricinfo staff (August 16, 2007). "Farhat released from central contract".

Cricinfo. Retrieved 2007-08-16.

^ . http://cricketnext.in.com/news/recognise-icl-says-miandad/26518-

13.html. Retrieved 2008-10-20.

^ CricketWorld (December 24, 2007). "Pakistan Bans ICL Players FromDomestic Cricket". CricketWorld. Retrieved 2007-12-26.

^ Andrew McGlashan (13 March 2008). "ICL-county situation as clear as

mud". Cricinfo. Retrieved 2008-03-24.

^ Indian Board Threatens To Ban Players Who Play In ICL, Cricket World,

retrieved August 3, 2008

^ South African players warned over rebel league, Reuters, retrieved

August 3, 2008

^ Cricinfo staff (14 May 2007). "Zee Sports denies signing of stars".Cricinfo. Retrieved 2007-06-13.

^ Khanna, Roma (14 May 2007). "BCCI's own now have a new job".

CricketNext. Retrieved 2007-06-13.

^ Vasu, Anand (22 August 2007). "ICL to hold camp at Mayajaal in

Chennai". cricinfo.com. Retrieved 2007-08-23.

^ Press Trust of India (23 August 2007). "State minister allows ICL use of

Eden Gardens". cricinfo.com. Retrieved 2007-08-23.

^ Press Trust of India (13 June 2007). "BCCI shoots down ICL". Rediff.com.

Retrieved 2007-06-13.

^ Shanbhag, Sudhakar (13 June 2007). "BCCI Not To Recognise Zee-

Promoted Indian Cricket League". Worldcuplatest.com. Retrieved 2007-06-13.

^ Press Trust of India (21 August 2007). "Kapil sacked as NCA Chairman".

Rediff.com. Retrieved 2007-08-21.

http://cricketnext.in.com/news/recognise-icl-says-miandad/26518-13.htmlhttp://cricketnext.in.com/news/recognise-icl-says-miandad/26518-13.htmlhttp://cricketnext.in.com/news/recognise-icl-says-miandad/26518-13.htmlhttp://cricketnext.in.com/news/recognise-icl-says-miandad/26518-13.html

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^ "Kapil Dev resigns from ICL, returns to BCCI". Wisden India. Retrieved 25

July 2010.

^ Press Trust of India (21 June 2007). "BCCI hikes domestic match fees".

Rediff.com. Retrieved 2007-08-22.

^ Jamie Alter (13 September 2007). "International Twenty20 leaguelaunched". Cricinfo.com. Retrieved 2007-09-13.

^ "Delhi HC orders companies to let players join ICL". Reuters. 27 August

2007.

^ "Cricket row under MRTPC scanner".

^ Hoult, Nick (1 October 2008). "Paul Nixon may put county career in

jeopardy by rejoining 'rebel' Indian Cricket League". The Daily Telegraph

(London). Retrieved 5 May 2010.

^ "Bangladesh vow to ban ICL rebels". BBC News. 17 September 2008.

Retrieved 5 May 2010.

^ http://sify.com/sports/fullstory.php?id=14759551

^ Indian Cricket League Announce Plans For 2008

^ "Indian Cricket League invades the Americas".

http://www.mmdnewswire.com/the-indian-cricket-league-invades-the-

americas-2626.html.+4 December 2007. Retrieved 2007-12-04.

^http://www.livemint.com/2008/09/23000301/2008/09/17232516/2008/10/030

05121/Zee-Twenty20-cricket-league-se.html?d=2

^ http://thecricketingleague.blogspot.com/2008/10/zee-promoted-icl-

planning-to-patent-t20.html

^ http://www.indiancricketleague.in/news/inner-news.aspx?

xfile=data/news/2008/October/news_20081007_20.xml

^ http://www.hindustantimes.com/StoryPage/StoryPage.aspx?

id=8f2e6595-6447-4110-b354-d3d1595530d0^ Giri, Nisha (5 August 2005). "The ICC Is Not Against Procricket". Little

India. Retrieved 2007-06-13.

External links

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Indian Cricket League Sport Cricket

Founded 2007

No. of teams 9 city teams, 4 international teams

Country(ies) India India

Pakistan Pakistan

Bangladesh Bangladesh

World

Most recent champion(s) Lahore Badshahs, 2008

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IPL

he Indian Premier League (IPL) is a professional league for Twenty20 cricket

championship in India. It was initiated by the Board of Control for Cricket in

India (BCCI), headquartered in Mumbai,[3][4] and is supervised by BCCI Vice

President Rajeev Shukla,[5] who serves as the league's Chairman and

Commissioner. It is currently contested by nine teams, consisting of players

from around the world. It was started after an altercation between the BCCIand the Indian Cricket League.[6]

In 2010, IPL became the first sporting event ever to be broadcast live on

YouTube in association with Indiatimes.[7] Its brand value is estimated to be

around US$2.99 billion in fifth season.[8] However, the league has been

engulfed by series of corruption scandals where allegations of cricket betting,

money laundering and spot fixing were witnessed.[9][10]

Contents

1 History

1.1 First season

1.2 Second season

1.3 Third season

1.4 Fourth season

1.5 Fifth season

2 IPL Trophy

2.1 20082010

2.2 20112013

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3 League organisation

3.1 Franchises

3.2 Rules

4 Statistics and records

4.1 Winners

5 Prize money

6 Television rights and sponsorships

6.1 Television rights

6.2 Sponsorships

6.3 Revenue and Profits

6.4 Controversy about tax exemption

6.5 Mobile applications

6.6 Official website

7 Global interest

8 See also

9 References

10 External links

History

First season

Main article: 2008 Indian Premier League

The inaugural season of the tournament started on 18 April 2008 and lasted

for 46 days with 59 matches scheduled, out of which 58 took place and 1 was

washed out due to rain. The final was played in DY Patil Stadium, Nerul, Navi

Mumbai. Every team played each other both at home and away in a round

robin system. The top four ranking sides progressed to the knockout stage of

semi-finals followed by a final. Rajasthan Royals defeated Chennai Super

Kings in a thriller and emerged as the inaugural IPL champions.[11]

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Second season

Main article: 2009 Indian Premier League

The 2009 Indian Premier League season, abbreviated as IPL 2 or the 2009 IPL,was the second season of the Indian Premier League. The tournament was

hosted by South Africa and was played between 18 April and 24 May 2009.

IPL 2 was the second biggest cricket tournament in the world, after the

Cricket World Cup,[3] and was forecast to have an estimated television

audience of more than 200 million people in India alone. The top four ranking

sides progressed to the knockout stage of semi-finals followed by a final.

Deccan Chargers defeated Bangalore Royal Challengers in a thriller and

emerged as the second IPL champions.

Third season

Main articles: 2010 Indian Premier League and List of 2010 Indian Premier

League personnel changes

The third season opened in January 2010 with the auction for players. 66

players were on offer but only 11 players were sold. In this season, Deccan

Chargers did not play at their preferred home location of Hyderabad, India

due to the political crisis in the Telangana region . The new bases for the

champions this season were Nagpur, Navi Mumbai and Cuttack. Four teams

qualified for the semi-finals. The first semi-final was won by Mumbai Indianswho defeated Bangalore Royal Challengers by 35 runs. Chennai Super Kings

defeated Deccan Chargers in the second semi-final. The final was played

between Chennai Super Kings and Mumbai Indians. Chennai Super Kings won

by a margin of 22 runs.

Fourth season

Main articles: 2011 Indian Premier League and List of 2011 Indian Premier

League personnel changes

Chennai Super Kings are the most successful team in the tournament winningthe championship twice and qualifying for the top four every time.

On 21 March 2010, it was announced in Chennai that two new teams from

Pune and Kochi will be added to the IPL for the fourth season. However, the

bid around the kochi franchisee turned controversial resulting in the

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resignation of minister, Shashi Tharoor from the Central Government and

investigations by various departments of the Government of India into the

financial dealings of IPL and the other existing franchisees. Later, Lalit Modi

was also removed from IPL chairmanship by BCCI. On 5 December 2010, it

was confirmed that Kochi will take part in the fourth season of IPL.[12]

The addition of teams representing Pune and Kochi was to have increased the

number of franchises from 8 to 10. The BCCI originally considered extending

the tournament format used in previous season to ten teams, which would

increase the number of matches from 60 to 94. Instead, the round-robin

stage of the tournament was to have been replaced by a group stage with

two groups of five, limiting the number of matches to 74.[13] But this format

was replaced by another one in which each team would play 5 other teams in

a two-way round robin format and there would be 2 teams against whom they

would play only at home and remaining 2 teams against which they wouldplay only away matches.Thus each team plays 14 matches.Top four teams

would qualify for the semi-finals.

In October 2010, the Rajasthan Royals and Kings XI Punjab had their

franchises terminated for breaching ownership rules. The new Kochi franchise

was also issued a warning to resolve all their ownership disputes.[14] Two

months later both teams were finally allowed to take part in the 2011 edition

after a court ruling.[15]

Chennai Super Kings won their second consecutive title after defeating the

Royal Challengers Bangalore by 58 runs in the final.[16] This is the first time

a franchise has won two titles. The top four teams qualified for the 2011

Champions League Twenty20, which the Mumbai Indians won.

Fifth season

Main articles: 2012 Indian Premier League and List of 2012 Indian Premier

League personnel changes

Kolkata Knightriders are the most recent champions of the IPL.

The fifth season featured nine teams after the termination of the Kochi

franchise and the players auction was held on 4 February 2012. The season

saw an increase in the allowed maximum number of players in each squad

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from 30 to 33. The season of 76 matches began and ended in Chennai with

the opening match on 4 April and the final on 27 May.[17] The Delhi

Daredevils, Kolkata Knight Riders, Mumbai Indians and Chennai Super Kings

qualified for the playoffs. Delhi daredevils was the top in the table.

This edition of the IPL was the most competitive with 14 matches producing

results in the last over, and a couple in the last ball.[18][19] Towards the end

of the league, the season faced various hurdles including a spot fixing case,

which allegedly included 5 players caught on a sting operation carried on by

a local news channel; India TV.[20]

The final of the season was played at the Chidambaram Stadium on 27 May,

where the defending champions Chennai Super Kings played against Kolkata

Knight Riders. Kolkata Knight Riders won the match in the last over riding on

the backs of Manvinder Bisla and Jacques Kallis with 5 wickets and 2 balls to

spare, thereby ending Chennai Super King's two year winning streak.

IPL Trophy

20082010

The diamond-encrusted trophy of DLF Indian Premier League (IPL) Cricket was

designed by Orra brand, owned by Antwerp-based Rosy Blue Group. Itcomprises a player in a gold leafing. He is shown holding a bat in his hand,

next to a map of India. On the map, the names of all the IPL teams have been

engraved by rubies. It took a team of as many as 14 craftsmen to make the

trophy. Every year, the winners of the IPL T20 tournament are presented with

a replica of this trophy, along with the prize money.

20112013

A new trophy was designed for IPL 4 in view of the It has been changed to a

large cup.[citation needed]

League organisation

Franchises

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The winning bidders for the eight franchises were announced on 24 January

2008.[21] While the total base price for auction was US $400 million, the

auction fetched US $723.59 million.[22]

On 21 March 2010, Pune and Kochi were unveiled as the two new franchises

for the fourth edition of the Indian Premier League. The base price was $225

million. While Pune was bought by Sahara Adventure Sports Group for $370

million, the Kochi franchise was bought by Rendezvous Sports World Limited

for $333.3 million. The process was to have been completed on 7 March but

was postponed by two weeks after many bidders and the BCCI objected to

stiff financial clauses.[23] The second franchise auction fetched total $703

million.

Indian Premier League is located in India

Chennai Super Kings

Mumbai Indians

Pune Warriors India

Royal Challengers Bangalore

Delhi Daredevils

Kings XI Punjab

Rajahstan Royals

Kolkata Knight Riders

Deccan Chargers

Locations of IPL teams

Team Name City Owner(s) Captain Head Coach

Chennai Super Kings Chennai Gurunath Meiyappan

India Cements Mahendra Singh Dhoni Stephen Fleming

Deccan Chargers Hyderabad T Venkattram Reddy

Deccan Chronicle Group Kumar Sangakkara Darren Lehmann

Delhi Daredevils New Delhi GMR Group Virender Sehwag Eric Simons

Kings XI Punjab Mohali Ness Wadia, Preity Zinta,

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Dabur, Apeejay Surendera Group Adam Gilchrist Michael Bevan

Kolkata Knight Riders Kolkata Shahrukh Khan

Red Chillies Entertainment

Juhi Chawla, Jay Mehta Gautam Gambhir Trevor Bayliss

Mumbai Indians Mumbai Mukesh Ambani

Reliance Industries Harbhajan Singh Robin Singh

Pune Warriors India Pune Subrato Roy Sahara Sourav Ganguly

Dermot Reeve

Rajasthan Royals Jaipur Lachlan Murdoch

Emerging Media

Shilpa Shetty, Raj Kundra Rahul Dravid Monty Desai

Royal Challengers Bangalore Bangalore Vijay Mallya

UB Group Daniel Vettori Ray Jennings

Kochi Tuskers Kerala

(Defunct) Kochi Kochi Cricket Private Ltd

Rules

There are five ways that a franchise can acquire a player: In the annual

auction, signing domestic players, signing uncapped players, through trading,

and signing replacements.[24][25] In the trading window, the player can only

be traded with his consent. The franchise will have to pay the difference

between the old contract price and the new contract price. If the new

contract is worth more than the older one, then the difference will be shared

between the player and the franchise selling the player.[26][27]

Some of the team composition rules are:

Minimum squad strength of 16 players plus one physio and a coach.

No more than 11 foreign players in the squad and maximum 4 foreign

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players should be in the playing eleven.

Minimum of 14 Indian players must be included in each squad.

A minimum of 6 players from the BCCI under-22 pool in each squad.

IPL games utilize television timeouts, hence there is no time limit for teams to

complete their innings. However, there may be a penalty if the umpires find

teams misusing this privilege at their own choice. Additionally, each team is

awarded two strategic timeouts of 2:30 each per inningsthe teams can take

the timeout when instructed, but is necessary to take it from 6th to 9th and

13th to 16th over.

The total spending cap for a franchisee in the first player auction was US $5million. Under-22 players are to be remunerated with a minimum annual

salary of US $20,000 while for others it is US $50,000. The most expensive

players in the IPL to date is Gautam Gambhir of India fetched the highest

price of $2.4 million from Kolkata Knight Riders at the auction for season 4

Statistics and records

Main article: List of Indian Premier League records and statistics

Winners

Season Winners Runners-up Semi-finalists Teams

2008 Rajasthan Royals Chennai Super Kings Kings XI Punjab, Delhi

Daredevils 8

2009 Deccan Chargers Royal Challengers Bangalore Delhi Daredevils,

Chennai Super Kings 8

Season Winners Runners-up Third place Fourth place Teams

2010 Chennai Super Kings Mumbai Indians Royal Challengers

Bangalore Deccan Chargers 8

2011 Chennai Super Kings Royal Challengers Bangalore Mumbai

Indians Kolkata Knight Riders 10

2012 Kolkata Knight Riders Chennai Super Kings Delhi Daredevils

Mumbai Indians 9

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\

Prize money

[icon] This section requires expansion. (May 2011)

The IPL offers a total INR25 crore in prize money.[28]

Champions: INR10 crore

Runner-up: INR7.5 crore

Third place: INR3.75 crore

Fourth place: INR3.75 crore

No prize money for remaining teams

The IPL is expected to bring the BCCI an income of approximately US$1.6billion, over a period of five to ten years. All of these revenues are directed to

a central pool, 40% of which will go to IPL itself, 54% to franchisees and 6%

as prize money. The money will be distributed in these proportions until 2017,

after which the share of IPL will be 50%, franchisees 45% and prize money

5%. The IPL signed up Kingfisher Airlines as the official umpire partner for the

series in a INR106 crore (US$19.19 million) (approximately 15 million) deal.

This deal sees the Kingfisher Airlines brand on all umpires' uniforms and also

on the giant screens during third umpire decisions.[29]

Television rights

On 17 January 2008 it was announced that a consortium consisting of India's

Sony Entertainment Television network and Singapore-based World Sport

Group secured the global broadcasting rights of the Indian Premier League.

[30] The record deal has a duration of ten years at a cost of US $1.026 billion.

As part of the deal, the consortium will pay the BCCI US $918 million for the

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television broadcast rights and US $108 million for the promotion of the

tournament.[31] This deal was challenged in the Bombay High Court by IPL,

and got the ruling on its side. After losing the battle in court, Sony

Entertainment Television signed a new contract with BCCI with Sony

Entertainment Television paying INR8,700 crore (US$1.57 billion) for 10 years.

One of the reasons for payment of this huge amount is seen as the moneyrequired to subsidise IPL's move to South Africa which will be substantially

more than the previous IPL. IPL had agreed to subsidise the difference in

operating cost between India and South Africa as it decided to move to the

African nation after the security concerns raised because of its coincidence

with India's general elections.

20% of these proceeds would go to IPL, 8% as prize money and 72% would be

distributed to the franchisees. The money would be distributed in these

proportions until 2012, after which the IPL would go public and list its shares(But in March 2010, IPL decided not to go public).[32]

Sony-WSG then re-sold parts of the broadcasting rights geographically to

other companies.It is officially broadcasted on Set Max and in internet in

Times internet.

On 4 March 2010 ITV announced it had secured the United Kingdom

television rights for the 2010 Indian Premier League. ITV will televise 59 of

the 60 IPL matches on its ITV4 free to air channel.[33]

On 1 April 2011, Rogers Media announced that it signed a four year exclusive

deal in Canada to broadcast 36 group stage matches, 3 playoff matches and

1 championship match on its channel Sportsnet One.[34] In the 2012 season,

its coverage will also include a weekly highlight show and four matches on its

Omni Television multicultural stations, and the IPL Final will be broadcast on

the main Sportsnet regional channels.[35]

Winning Bidder Regional Broadcast Rights Terms of Deal

Sony Entertainment Television/World Sport Group Nepal, Bangladesh

10 years, 20082017 at INR8,700 crore (US$1.57 billion) (revised)[30]

The Times Group Worldwide Global Rights to distribute on broadband,

mobile and radio. 4 Years 20112014, Terms not released.[36]

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GEO Super Pakistan Terms not released.

Carlton Sports Network Sri Lanka Terms not released.

Network Ten (2008)

One (20092010) Australia: Free-to-air HD and SD television. Owned byNetwork TEN. 5 years, 20082012 at A$1015 million.[37]

Sky Network Television (20082010, 2012present) New Zealand Terms

not released.

PCCW Hong Kong: Broadcast rights on Now TV. 2 years, 2010

2011 terms not released.

StarHub Singapore: Broadcast rights on Cricket Extra. Terms not

released

Astro Malaysia Terms not released.

SuperSport South Africa, Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso,

Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros,

Ivory Coast, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia,

Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya,

Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia,

Niger, Nigeria, Republic of the Congo, Rwanda, Saint Helena, Ascension

and Tristan da Cunha, So Tom and Prncipe Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra

Leone, South Sudan, Swaziland, Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Zambia,

Zimbabwe 10 Years, 20082017 terms not released.Arab Digital Distribution United Arab Emirates, Algeria, Bahrain, Egypt,

Iran, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Mauritania, Morocco, Oman,

Palestine, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, Syria, Tunisia, Yemen

Broadcast rights on CricOne

10 Years, 20082017 terms not released.[38]

ITV (2010) Setanta Sports (20082009) United Kingdom: Broadcast onITV4. 4 Years 20112014, Terms not released.

SportsMax Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, Bahamas, British Virgin

Islands, Barbados, Bermuda, Cayman Islands, Dominica, Grenada,

Guadeloupe, Guyana, Jamaica, Martinique, Montserrat, Saint Kitts and

Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Martin, Sint Maarten, Saint Vincent and the

Grenadines, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, Turks and Caicos Islands,

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United States Virgin Islands Terms not released

Sportsnet One/World/Omni (2011present) Asian Television Network (2008

2010) ATN-Asian Radio (2008present) Canada: Exclusive broadcast

rights. 4 years, 20112014 terms not released.

Willow TV (20082010) United States Rights to distribute ontelevision, radio, broadband and Internet, for the IPL in North America. 5

years, 20082012, terms not released.[39]

NEO Cricket (2013) Dish Network (2008, 2013) DirecTV (20082010)

United States Terms not released.

Sponsorships

India's biggest property developer DLF Group paid US$50 million to be thetitle sponsor of the tournament for 5 years from 2008 to 2012.[40]

Other year sponsorship agreements include a deal with motorcycle maker

Hero Honda worth $22.5-million, one with PepsiCo worth $12.5-million, and a

deal with beer and airline conglomerate Kingfisher at $26.5-million.[41]

Revenue and Profits

The UK-based brand consultancy, Brand Finance, has valued the IPL at $4.13

billion (Rs 18,998 crore) in 2010.[42] It was valued at US$2.01 billion in 2009

by the same consultancy.[43]

There are disputed figures for the profitability of the teams. One analyst said

that four teams out of the eight made a profit in 2009.[44] While The Times

said that all but Kings XI Punjab made a profit.[45]

In 2010, the IPL expects to have 80 official merchandising deals. It has signed

a deal with Swiss watchmaker Bandelier to make official watches for the IPL.

[46]

According to a recent study by a UK-based brand valuation consultancy, the

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brand value of the IPL has more than doubled to USD 4.13 billion (over Rs

18,000 crore) from USD 2.01 billion in 2009.[47]

The franchises have been a part of this growth. The Mumbai Indians have a

brand value of USD 79.13 million which places them at the top of the table.

The csk franchise has moved up the ladder with a valuation of USD 63.58

million. Kolkata Knight Riders co-owned by Bollywood actor Shahrukh Khan

comes in third with a valuation of USD 57.59 million and the Rajasthan

Royals, co-owned by Bollywood actress Shilpa Shetty comes in last with USD

33.78 million. The Royal Challengers Bangalore, owned by Vijay Mallya, is

ranked fourth with a valuation of USD 55.13 million and is followed by the,

Delhi Daredevils (USD 40.85 million) and Kings XI Punjab ( USD 35.75 million).

The Deccan Chargers are at the sixth with a valuation of USD 38.76 million.

Rank Franchise Brand Valued

1 Mumbai Indians $79.13 m

2 Chennai Super Kings $75.58 m

3 Kolkata Knight Riders $57.576 m

4 Royal Challengers Bangalore $55.13 m

5 Delhi Daredevils $40.85 m

6 Deccan Chargers $38.76 m

7 Kings XI Punjab $35.75 m

8 Rajasthan Royals $33.78 m

Controversy about tax exemption

A controversy was triggered when the Centre gave away potential revenue of

INR 45 crore by granting exemption to International Cricket Council (ICC) on

the revenue generated from the recently concluded World Cup Cricket

Tournament.[48][49] In connection the PIL filed by Shiv Sena leader Subhash

Desai seeking a direction to the Maharashtra government and the Income Tax

Department to recover entertainment tax from IPL. He also asked the

petitioner to make Sharad Pawar a party if he wanted to make allegations

against him as he headed the apex cricketing body two years ago.[50]

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In August 2011, Finance minister Pranab Mukherjee said Tuesday that the

Income Tax Department is probing allegations of financial irregularities and

"criminal activities" against some of the franchisees in the Indian Premier

League (IPL)[51]

In June 2011, the Chennai High Court said it could not appreciate the tax

exemption to the Indian Premier League and sought a response from Tamil

Nadu government on the issue. The PIL filed by Vasan, alias Sakthi Vasan, had

contended that the matches conducted by the IPL are for the entertainment

of the public.He submitted that the tickets for the IPL matches were being

sold at exorbitant rates and the higher range of tickets are purchased by the

rich and the affluent. The petitioner said the Income Tax Department was the

authority for regulating the tariff for entertainment, which he said would

include the IPL matches, but the department failed to regulate the (IPL) tariff.

[52]

Mobile applications

DCI Mobile Studios (A division of Dot Com Infoway Limited), in conjunction

with Sigma Ventures of Singapore, have jointly acquired the rights to be the

exclusive Mobile Application partner and rights holder for the Indian Premier

League cricket matches worldwide for the next 8 years (including the 2017

season). Recently[when?], they have released the IPL T20 Mobile applications

for iPhone, Nokia Smartphones and BlackBerry devices. Soon it will be madeavailable across all other major Mobile platforms including the Android,

Windows Mobile, Palm & others.[53]

Official website

The IPL negotiated a contract with the Canadian company Live Current Media

Inc. to run and operate its portals and the minimum guarantee has been

negotiated at US $50 million over the next 10 years.[54] The official website

of the tournament is www.iplt20.com. Incorporating popular forms of social

media, the website now contains a more holistic presence across all online

mediums to empower user interaction.

Global interest

The third season of the IPL saw interest rise dramatically in the United

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Kingdom, due to telecasts being moved from the subscription-based Setanta

Sports to the free-to-air ITV4. Lalit Modi, then Chairman and Commissioner,

also expressed immense satisfaction on the way IPL has been accepted by

the British audience. "ITV beats Sky Sports over the weekend in number of

viewers. This is great going. The ITV numbers are double that of rugby

league. This is huge by all imaginations. UK figures for viewership on ITValready 10 times that of last year. This is just fantastic news," he said.[55]

See also

Portal icon cricket portal

List of controversies involving the Indian Premier League

Players in Indian Premier League

Champions League Twenty20

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published: 6 December 2010, accessed: 18 December 2010

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published: 10 October 2010, accessed: 11 October 2010

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Its going to be a different game altogether this year The winner of top two

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^ ADD secures IPL telecast rights for Middle East and North Africa^ "IPL: Willow TV gets TV rights for the Americas". Cricket Next. 9 April

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^ Brand IPL touches the sky. Iplt20.com

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^ "Indian Premier League | IPLT20 Brand IPL touches the sky". Iplt20.com.

22 March 2010. Retrieved 12 December 2011.

^ Rs. 45 crore tax exemption to ICC for World Cup unjustified

^ Tax exemptions for rich costs govt Rs 4.6L cr

^ Make Pawar party in IPL tax exemption case: Bombay HC

^ Govt agencies probing irregularities in IPL, franchisees

^ Cannot appreciate tax exemption to IPL: Madras HC

^ DCI Mobile studios and; Sigma Ventures acquire global mobile

Applications rights for IPL T20

^ "Live Current Media Inc. and DLF Indian Premier League To Launch

IPLT20.com as Official IPL Online Destination". livecurrent.com. 18 April 2008.

^ "Record ratings for IPL in the UK". http://www.iplt20.com.

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