isetyowati andayani 2005 oktober

7/23/2019 Isetyowati Andayani 2005 OKTOBER

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/isetyowati-andayani-2005-oktober 1/25

U[HOA\B @X UKXA\B

A\\M 3 9495.<742Ficaim Ni|ioib B{f{n dim Uknhimj{mim

U KX\UKFTAG

DIGTIX A\AKdat`xaio Ixtafko 3

º Fkf{i|iim Mkjixi Nkm{x{t [[D 914; "Imioa|i Fkzkmimjim Oknhiji Mkjixi@okb3 \idcac`m`

º F`m|ku Uknadimiim Tkxbidiu Uklimd{ Mixf`tafi Nkm{x{t [mdimj.[mdimj M`n`x 88 Tib{m 911:@okb3 Tataf \{bixta

º Fkhkxidiim Bixti Ukxfizamim Dioin Ux`hoknitafi Ukxfizamim@okb 3 A|ktq`zita Imdiqima

º Imioa|i U{t{|im \kmjfkti Uaoabim B{f{n Zixa|

@okb 3 Hinhimj Q{mixf`

º Ukmkxiuim Uxam|au Dkn`fxi|a Kf`m`na/ Fkidaoim Dim Fkui|taim B{f{n Dioin B{f{n

Ukmiminim N`dio

@okb 3 X`mmq Zamixm`

º Am|kmtag M`m“Ga|fio Dioin Ukxit{xim Uknkxamtib M`n`x 85 Tib{m 9114 Nkx{uifim Uko{imj

Hija N{ml{omqi Fkcibitim F`xu`xi|a Qimj Tadif Tkxfkmdioa

@okb 3 Xktm` Bkmdxita U{xzimamjx{n

º Titi Lixi Ukoif|imiim Ukmimjj{bim Ukmibimim Tkxbidiu Tkx|imjfi Da Oknhiji

Fku`oa|aim Hkxdi|ixfim F[BIU Dim Ukxit{xim Ukoif|imiimmqi

@okb 3 [na Kmjjix|i|a Dim Itkt \{nimt`

W@O[NK R M@N@X 4 TIB[M 855; KDA\A @FT@HKX

Tkxhat 4 "knuit! fioa Taiu Cim{ixa/ Iuxao/ C{oa/ @ft`hkx

Tkxifxkdati|a ‟H„



A\\M 3 9495.<742Ficaim Ni|ioib B{f{n dim Uknhimj{mim

U[HOA\B @X UKXA\B

DIGTIX A\A

Kdat`xaio

Ixtafko 3

º Fkf{i|iim Mkjixi Nkm{x{t [[D 914; "Imioa|i FkzkmimjimOknhiji Mkjixi

@okb3 \idcac`m`---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

º F`m|ku Uknadimiim Tkxbidiu Uklimd{ Mixf`tafi Nkm{x{t [mdimj.

[mdimj M`n`x 88 Tib{m 911:

@okb3 Tataf \{bixta-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

º Fkhkxidiim Bixti Ukxfizamim Dioin Ux`hoknitafi Ukxfizamim

@okb 3 A|ktq`zita Imdiqima---------------------------------------------------------------------

º Imioa|i U{t{|im \kmjfkti Uaoabim B{f{n Zixa|

@okb 3 Hinhimj Q{mixf`-----------------------------------------------------------------------

º Ukmkxiuim Uxam|au Dkn`fxi|a Kf`m`na/ Fkidaoim Dim Fkui|taim

B{f{n Dioin B{f{n Ukmiminim N`dio

@okb 3 X`mmq Zamixm`----------------------------------------------------------------------------

º Am|kmtag M`m“Ga|fio Dioin Ukxit{xim Uknkxamtib M`n`x 85 Tib{m

9114 Nkx{uifim Uko{imj Hija N{ml{omqi Fkcibitim F`xu`xi|a Qimj

Tadif Tkxfkmdioa@okb 3 Xktm` Bkmdxita U{xzimamjx{n-----------------------------------------------------

º Titi Lixi Ukoif|imiim Ukmimjj{bim Ukmibimim Tkxbidiu Tkx|imjfi

Da Oknhiji Fku`oa|aim Hkxdi|ixfim F[BIU Dim Ukxit{xim

Ukoif|imiimmqi

@okb 3 [na Kmjjix|i|a Dim Itkt \{nimt --------------------------------------

W@O[NK R M@N@X 4 TIB[M 855; KDA\A @FT@HKX

Tkxhat 4 "knuit! fioa Taiu Cim{ixa/ Iuxao/ C{oa/ @ft`hkx

UKX\UKFTAG W`o{nk R M`-4 Tib{m 8557 Kda|a @ft`hkx

<92 . <<2

<<1 . <41

<;5 . <:9

<:8 . <24

<2; . <12

<11 . 49;

U KX\UKFTAG

497 . 4<<



KDAT@XAIO

Tkxhatim Txaz{oim fk.4 ama nkx{uifimficaim nkmdioin dim l{f{u ift{io dahili dim

dafxata|a òkb |kn{i uabif qimj ukd{oa ifim ukxfknhimjim aon{ b{f{n- Tùaf.tùaf qimj da|icafim imtixi oiam 3GIF[OTI\ B[F[N [MAWKX\ATI\ ZACIQI F[\[NI

\[XIHIQI

\[\[MIM DKZIM XKDIF\A NICIOIB

UKX\UKFTAG

FKT[I DKZIM XKDIF\AKda fxa|bixqimt`/ \-B-/ N-B-

\KFXKTIXA\ DKZIM XKDIF\AM``x txa Bi|t{ta/ \-B-/ N-B{n

IMJJ@TI DKZIM XKDIF\AUx`g- Dx- Amdxita Xama/ \-B-/N-\ Ixa U{xzida/ \-B-/ N-B{nKmdimj Xktm`zita/ \-B-/ N-B{nC`f` M{x \ixa`m`/ \-B-/ N-B-M{x Qibqi/ \-B-/ N-B-

HKMDIBIXIXktm` Bkmdxita U{xzimamjxa{n/ \-B-/N-B{n

\AXF[OI\A UKNI\IXIMLb- Imjjai Afi BDFZ/ \-B-

NATXI HK\TIXAUx`g- Dx- N`lb- A|mikma/ \-B-/ N-\-Ux`g- Dx- Hinhimj U{xm`n`/ \-B-Dx- Nixl{| O{fnim/ \-B-/ N-B-Dx- S{dim Ixakg Gifx{oo`b/ \-B-/ N-BDx- Ubaoau I- Fimi \-B-/ N-B-

UKMKXHAT DIM UKXLKTIFU{|it Ficaim B{f{n dim Uknhimj{mim Gif{oti|Bf{n [mawkx|ati| Zaciqi F{|{ni \{xihiqi

IOINIT XKDIF\ACo- D{f{b F{uimj RRW ;4 \{xihiqi

Tkou- "5<9! ;7::;:: Uk|izit 949. 948

Gir- "5<9! ;7:1:19

Tkxifxkdati|a ‟H„ hkxdi|ixfim \F DAXCKM DAFTA 3 Xkdif|a nkmj{liufim tkxanib.fi|ab iti|<1DAFTAFku8554/ 95 @ft`hkx 8554 |{nhimjim t{oa|im |khijia bi|ao h{ib uafaxim qimj

fxa|ta| dim ticin/ |kn`ji nknhkxafim nimgi*it Tkxhat 4 "knuit! fioa |ktib{m hija fati |kn{i/ qimj uidi jaoaximmqi diuit Taiu Ifbax cim{ixa/ Iuxao/ C{oa dim @ft`hkx

nknhkxafim {nuim hioaf

Xkdif|a

º Fkf{i|iim Mkjixi Nkm{x{t [[D 914; "Imioa|i Fkzkmimjim Oknhiji Mkjixi

@okb3 \idcac`m`

º F`m|ku Uknadimiim Tkxbidiu Uklimd{

Mixf`tafi Nkm{x{t [mdimj.[mdimj

M`n`x 88 Tib{m 911:

@okb3 Tataf \{bixta

º Fkhkxidiim Bixti Ukxfizamim Dioin

Ux`hoknitafi Ukxfizamim

@okb 3 A|ktq`zita Imdiqima

º Imioa|i U{t{|im \kmjfkti Uaoabim B{f{n

Zixa|

@okb 3 Hinhimj Q{mixf`

º Ukmkxiuim Uxam|au Dkn`fxi|a Kf`m`na/

Fkidaoim Dim Fkui|taim B{f{n Dioin

B{f{n Ukmiminim N`dio

@okb 3 X`mmq Zamixm`

º Am|kmtag M`m“Ga|fio Dioin Ukxit{ximUknkxamtib M`n`x 85 Tib{m 9114

Nkx{uifim Uko{imj Hija N{ml{omqi

Fkcibitim F`xu`xi|a Qimj Tadif

Tkxfkmdioa

@okb 3 Xktm` Bkmdxita U{xzimamjx{n

º Titi Lixi Ukoif|imiim Ukmimjj{bim

Ukmibimim Tkxbidiu Tkx|imjfi Da

Oknhiji Fkuòa|aim Hkxdi|ixfim F[BIU

Dim Ukxit{xim Ukoif|imiimmqi

@okb 3 [na Kmjjix|i|a Dim Itkt \{nimt`

Kdat`xaio

U KX\UKFTAG Wò{nk R M`-4 Tib{m 855; Kda|a @ft`hkx



FKHKXIDIIM BIXTI UKXFIZAMIMDIOIN UX@HOKNITAFI UKXFIZAMIM

@okb 3

A|ktq`zita Imdiqima

IH\TXILT Fkkuamj b`{|k i o`t g biuukmkd tbk ux`hoknitafi gilkd hq b{|himd imd zagk/ zbit i| i

xk|{ot limm`t niamtiam tbk kwkxoi|tamj d`nk|talatq- Hxkif tbk nixxaijk mqi lim hk biuukmkd

hkli{|k dkitb/ daw`xlk imd c{|talk dkla|a`m - Zbaok hxkifamj nixxaijk mqi `g hkli{|k daw`xlk/

|{xk i o`t g jkmkxitamj ux`hokn| t` ‟ Tbkax Nixxaijk K|tik„-

Fkqz`xd 3 nixxaijk Ux`hokn|/ At Hx`fkm A| Nixxaijk/ Nixxaijk K|tik

UKMDIB[O[IM nkx{uifim |kmda di|ix dixa |{|{mim

ni|qixifit "Amd`mk|ai!- Ifbax.ifbax ama/ nifam nixifmqi

ukxkh{tim bixti ukxfizamim dioin Dioin nkz{c{dfim fkhibijaiim

fkbad{uim hkx{nib timjji- Zioi{u{m fko{ixji dah{t{bfim |{it{ fk|kcibtkxiim

fati fktib{a/ hibzi t{c{im ukxfizamim dim fktkmtkxinim fko{ixji- Bio ama ha|i

|{dib dainimitfim dioin [mdimj. daoif{fim |ioamj nkmjbixjia dim

[mdimj Ukxfizamim M`n`x 9 Tib{m 91:4 nkmjb`xnita ni|amj.ni|amj fkbad{uim

"Wadk ui|io 9!- T{c{im ukxfizamim uidi |{ina/ a|tkxa dim imif.imifmqi/ qimj

di|ixmqi nknhkmt{f fko{ixji "x{nib mimtamqi dabixiufim tkxz{c{dmqi fkfkfio.

timjji! qimj hibijai dim fkfio im dioin ukxfizamim "x{nib timjji!/

hkxdi|ixfim Fkt{bimim Qimj Nibi K|i qiat{ hibzi |k|k`ximj bimqi |kfioa

qimj dadioin ijini A|oin dafkmio nkoif{fim ukxfizamim/ tadif ifim

fkbad{uim qimj |ifamib/ nizidib dim hkxlkxia {mt{f |koini.oinimqi/ dim

zixibnib- bimqi u{t{| ukxfizamimmqi fixkmi |{it{

fknitaim-Qimj danif|{d dkmjim fko{ixji

da|ama aioib |it{ fk|it{im qimj tkxdaxa dixa Min{m dioin fkmqitiim ukx.

iqib "|{ina!/ Ah{ "a|tkxa! dim imif "imif. cioimim hkx{nib timjji himqif tkxcida

imif iuihaoi idi fkt{x{mim!/ qimj ux`hoknitafi qimj dabidiua `okb |{ina.

Fkhkxidiim Bixti Ukxfizamim DioinUx`hoknitafi Ukxfizamim


A|ktq`zita Imdiqima <;5



a|tkxa/ qimj ifahitmqi tadif diuit IO! tkoib nknh{m{b a|tkxamqi "Kfi

nknukxtibimfim fkbad{uim x{nib \{bixta! dim bifan I- Ti{gay |iit |adimjtimjji qimj fkfio- U{t{|mqi ukxfizamim Ukmjidaoim Ijini \adìxc` nkmjkmia

diuit tkxcida fixkmi fknitaim/ ukxlkxiaim uknhijaim bixti j`m`.jama imtixi Axgim

dim u{t{|im ukmjidaoim "Wadk ui|io <2 dim Kfi "Timjjio 89 \kutknhkx 855;!-

[mdimj.[mdimj M`n`x 9 Tib{m 91:4!- Fò`mko Axgim tadif u{i| iti| bi|ao u{t{|im

Fioi{ u{t{|mqi ukxfizamim fixkmi bifan Ukmjidaoim Ijini \adìx c`

fknitaim tadif himqif ukxni|ioibim nkmqimjf{t uknhijaim bixti j`m`.jama-

qimj tanh{o- Ukxa|tazi at{ tkxcida da x{imj |adimj 8

Ukmjidaoim Ijini \adìxc`- \iit at{Min{m ixta tadif himqif da|ama/

bifan nkn{t{|fim 3 ‟Bixti dahija d{i/hkxixta c{ji ni|ab idi ukxni|ioibim-

min{m x{nib naoaf Kfi tadif ni|{f bixti Idi |{it{ fkcidaim hibzi |{ina.a|tkxa

j`m`.jama fixkmi nkx{uifim bahib dixa|{dib hkxu{o{b.u{o{b tib{m nknhami

`ximj t{i Kfi„- \kbamjji l`mt`b dixax{nib timjji/ min{m tadif dafix{maia

ukxa|tazi tkx|kh{t/ hibzi fkd{d{fim|k`ximj imif u{m-

bixti ukxfizamim nkx{uifim bio qimjFkn{daim |{inamqi nkmamjjio/

ukmtamj dioin |{it{ fkbad{uim hkx{nibdim tkxmqiti tanh{o |{it{ ukx|ìoim

timjji-

hibzi fko{ixji |a |{ina namti hijaim\koiam at{/ ux`hokn bixti ukx.

bixti ukxfizamim naoaf |{ina.a|tkxafizamim c{ji ifim tkxcida iuihaoi |{ina.

tkx|kh{t/ bio amaoib qimj nkmanh{ofima|tkxa nknu{mqia bixti qimj hkxoanuib/

|{it{ ukxni|ioibim tkxbidiu ‟Bixtiqimj fkn{daim |a |{ina/ hkxfkamjamim

Ukxfizamim Nkxkfi„-nkmafib {mt{f fkd{i fioa iti{ okhab/

\kdimjfim u{t{|mqi ukxfizamimtimui iti{ acam |a a|tkxa ukxtini/ bio ama u{m

fixkmi ukxlkxiaim/ ui|ta himqififim nkmanh{ofim ukx|ìoim dioin

nkmanh{ofim ukxni|ioibim- \kukxtafkd{d{fim bixti ukxfizamim nkxkfi

l`mt`b |{it{ ukxa|tazi txija| qimj uidi ukxfizamim qimj tkxdib{o{-nkmanui |{ina.a|tkxa qimj hkxkh{t bixti

Ux`hoknitafi tkmtimj bixti ukx.ukxfizamim dioin ux`|k| ukxlkxiaim

fizamim tkx|kh{t da iti|/ ifim tkxcida bio.daimtixi nkxkfi- \imj |{ina "Axgim TMA

bio |khijia hkxaf{t 3






9- Tkmtimj fkd{d{fim bixti ukx. fizamim dioin ukx{mdimjim qimj

fizamim tkxbidiu ukxfizamim qimj ni|ab uo{xioa|ta| 0u{t{| fixkmi fknitaim dim ukx. 8! Hijianimi {uiqi {mt{f nkz{c{dfim

fizamim nkxkfi tadif nknu{mqia fkui|taim b{f{n {mt{f fkhkxidiim

fkt {x{ mim "imif!- \kdi mjf im bixti ukxfizamim 0

fko{ixji qimj datamjjiofim nk.

mjamjamfim bixti ukxfizamim |{ina. B[F[N FKFIQIIM DIOIN B[F[N

a|tkxa tkx|kh{t- FKO[IXJI

8- Tkmtimj fkd{d{fim bixti ukx.

Nknukoicixa B{f{n Bixtifizamim ifahit u{t{|mqi ukxfizamim

Ukxfizamim tadif tkxokui| dixa b{h{mjimfixkmi ukxlkxiaim/ tkxbidiu bixti

b{f{n imtixi |k`ximj uxai dim |k`ximjhkx|ini iti{ bixti qimj daukx`okb

zimati dkmjim t{c{im nknhkmt{f |{it{fixkmi bahib/ zixa|im dim |k.

x{nib timjji "fko{ixji! qimj hibijaihijiamqi |koini ukxfizamim-

dim fkfio hkxdi|ixfim Fkt{bimim Qimj<- Tkmtimj fkd{d{fim bixti ukx.

Nibi K|i- X- \`khkfta nkmjitifim/fizamim ifahit idimqi ukxfizamim

hibzi B{f{n Fko{ixji nkoau{ta c{jiqimj fkd{i dim |ktkx{|mqi/ dkmjim

b{h{mjim b{f{n dioin oiuimjim b{f{nacam ni{u{m timui acam dixa a|tkxa

fkfiqiim imtixi |{ina.a|tkxa "X-ukxfizamim qimj tkxdib{o{ "qimj

\`khkfta/ 912< 3 97!- B{h{mjim b{f{nukxtini!-

qimj ifim tkxlauti dixa b{h{mjim\kbamjji dixa hkhkxiui bio

fkfko{ixjiim nkoau{ta imtixi oiam 3tkx|kh{t da iti| hibzi fkhkxidiim bixti

9- Tkxcidamqi ukxfizamim/ qimj ifimukxfizamim hija |{it{ fko{ixji/ qimj

nkn{ml{ofim b{h{mjim imtixitkxcida |{it{ ux`hokni dioin x{nib

|{ina.a|txa "bif dim fkzicahim.mqi!-timjjimqi idioib |imjit ukmtamj- Dixa bio

8- B{h{mjim b{f{n bixti ukxfizam.imtkx|kh{t da iti| ifim da tkoiib fkhkxidiim

imtixi |{ina.a|tkxa-bixti ukxfizamim dioin ukxit{xim qimj<- B{h{mjim imtixi ximj t{i dim imif-

idi/ |kbamjji tanh{ooib |{it{ ni|ioib4- B{h{mjim imtixi zioa dkmjim imif

|khijia hkxaf{t 3ukxzioaimmqi/ dim |khijiamqi-

9! Hijianimi fkd{d{fim bixti ukx.

Ukxfizamim nknu{mqia ifahit






b{f{n tadif bimqi tkxbidiu daxa uxahida fati |{dib tadif nkmjkmio ukmjjò`mjim

nkxkfi.nkxkfi qimj nkoimj|{mjfim ukmd{d{f dkmjim idimqi Am|tx{f|aukxmafibim/ bif dim fkzicahim qimj Uxk|adkm Fihamkt timjjio 8: Dk|knhkx

nkmjafit uxahida |{ina.a| tkxa dim 9177 M`- <9[CAM989177/ qimj a|amqi

hai|imqi bif dim fkzicahim amaoib qimj imtixi oiam 3 Ukmjbiu{|im Jò`mjim

ukxtini.tini tkxuafax fioi{ fati halixi Ukmd{d{f dim bimqi idi ZMA dim ZMI

tkmtimj bif dim fkzicahim |{ina.a|tkxa "\ata \{bixmima/ kt- io-/ 8554/ b-8:!-

tktiua okhab dixa at{ nknu{mqia ifahit

A\TAOIB DIM HITI\IM B[F[Nb{f{n u{oi tkxbidiu bixti |{ina.a|tkxaBIXTI UKXFIZAMIMtkx|kh{t- B{h{mjim b{f{n fkfko{ixjiim

dim b{h{mjim b{f{n fkfiqiim tkxcioam B{f{n Bixti Ukxfizamim

|kdknafaim kxitmqi/ |kbamjji fkd{imqi idioib ukxit{xim b{f{n qimj nkmjit{x

nknimj diuit dahkdifim tktiua tadif ifahit.ifahit ukxfizamim tkxbidiu bixti

diuit daua|ibfim- fkfiqiim |{ina.a|tkxa qimj tkoib

nkoimj|{mjfim ukxfizamim "C- C- \itxa`/B{h{mjim b{f{n fkfko{ixjiim

9119 3 8:!- [mt{f a|taoib ‟B{f{n Bixtinkmkmt{fim b{h{mjim b{f{n fkfiqiim

Ukxfizamim„ idi u{oi qimj nkmj.dim b{f{n bixti ukxfizamim tadif oiam

j{mifim a|taoib ‟B{f{n Bixti Hkmdi

nkx{uifim b{f{n fkfiqiim fko{ixji Ukxfizamim„ qimj nkx{uifim tkxcknib."C-J- Foii|km/ 91;7 3<!-

im dixa fiti B{zkoacf| j`dkxkm xklbt /B{f{n fkfiqiim fko{ixji

|kdimjfim B{f{n Bixti Ukxfizamimni|{f oamjf{u b{f{n ukxditi/ |kdimj.

|kmdaxa nkx{uifim tkxcknib.im dixafim b{f{n ukxditi bamjji |kfiximj ama

B{zkoacf|wkxn`jkm| xklbt - "@ktixani|ab hkx|agit uo{xioa|ta| |khih |inuia

Dixnihxiti/ 9125 3 92;!-|kfiximj idimqi hkhkxiui nilin

A|taoib B{f{n Bixti Hkmdi|a|tkn b{f{n ukxditi |kukxta |a|tkn

Ukxfizamim daj{mifim c{ji òkbb{f{n hixit "F[B UkxditiHZ!/ |a|tkn

@ktixa \- \ida`m`/ 91;4 3 18 "C- C- \itxa`/b{f{n mi|a`mio/ |a|tkn b{f{n idit

9119 3 8:!- Nkmjamjit hibzi ukxfizamim"b{f{n tadif tkxt{oa|! dixa ximj Amd`mk|ai

idioib oknhiji b{f{n qimj nkx{uifimi|oa dim b{f{n idit dixa jò`mjim Tan{x

{m|{x u`f`f dixauidi b{f{n fko{ixji/ I|amj "Ta`mjbì dim Ixih!- Zioi{u{m



A|ktq`zita Imdiqima <;<



nifi dixa a|ta oib ‟B{f{n Bixti |{ina dim a|tkxa nknu{mqia bif

Ukxfizamim„ |{dib diuitoib fa ti |kukm{bmqi {mt{f nkoif{fim ukxh{itim

|anu{ofim idimqi b{h{mjim qimj kxit b{f{n nkmjkmia bixti hkmdimqi "ui|io

imtixi B{f{n Bixti Ukxfizamim dkmjim <7 |{h 8!- Haoi ukxfizamim u{t{| fixkmi

B{f{n Fko{ixji dim fiti ‟Bixti„ dioin ukxlkxiaim/ bixti hkx|ini dait{x nkm{x{t

a| ta oib B {f{n Bix ti Ukxfizamim b{f{nmqi ni|amj.ni|amj-

nknukx|imjf{tfim idimqi b{h{mjim\kdimjfim nkm{x{t b{f{nmqi

dkmjim B{f{n Fkfiqiim "Wkxn`jkm|ni|amj.ni|amj dioin ukmckoi|im ui|io

xklbt ! "C- C- \itxa`6 9119 3 82!- <: qimj danif|{d dkmjim b{f{nmqi

B[F[N BIXTI UKXFIZAMIM DIOIN ni|amj.ni|amj aioib b{f{n ijini/

[[ M@-9 TIB[M 91:4 b{f{n idit dim b{f{n.b{f{n oiammqi-

Hkxfiatim u{oi dkmjim bixti hkx|ini/Ukmjit{xim bixti hkmdi dioin

iuihaoi ukxfizamim u{t{|/ nifi bixtiukxfizamim- Idi ckma| bixti ukxfizamim/

hkx|ini tkx|kh{t dait{x nkm{x{tqiat{ 3 Bixti Hkx|ini dim Bixti Hiziim-

b{f{nmqi ni|amj.ni|amj-Bixti Hkx|ini qiat{ bixti qimj daukx`okb

|koini ukxfizamim "ui|io <; |{h 9! qimj Dixa bio tkx|kh{t da iti|

dioin b{f{n idit da|kh{t bixti j`m` jama- nkm{mc{ffim hibzi ukmjit{xim b{f{n

Nkmjkmia bixti hkx|ini |{ina.a|tkxa ukxfizamim fb{|{|mqi bixti hkx|ini

tkx|kh{t diuit hkxtamdif iti| ukx|kt{c{im ni|ab hkx|agit uo{xioa|ta|- Imtixi ui|io <:

fkd{i hkoib uabif "ui|io <7 |{h 9!/ Bixti dkmjim ukmckoi|im ui|io <; qiat{ qimj

hiziim qiat{ bixti qimj dahizi fk dioin nkmjit{x tkmtimj bixti hkx|ini |imjit

ukxfizamim "dioin b{f{n idit 3 bixti hkxokhabim- Dioin ukmckoi|im ui|io <;

i|io dim bixti hkmdi qimj daukx`okb da|kh{tfim ukxfizamim u{t{|/ |kdimjfim

ni|amj.ni|amj |khijia bidaib iti{ ui|io <: ukxfizamim u{t{| fixkmi

zixa|im tktiu dioin ukmj{i|iim ni|amj. ukxlkxiaim- Uidibio u{t{|mqi |{it{

ni|amj/ |kuimcimj uixi uabif tadif ukxfizamim diuit dafixkmifim 3 i-

nkmkmt{fim oiam "ui|io <; |{h 8!!- fknitaim6 h- ukxlkxiaim dim l- iti|

Nkmjkmia bixti hiziim ni|amj.ni|amj/ fku{t{|im ukmjidaoim- Bio amaoib qimj






diuit nkmanh{ofim |{it{ ukmig|axim/ daz{c{dfim dioin ui|io 8 iqit "9! dim

fb{|{|mqi ukmckoi|im ui|io <; qimj ui|io 77 [mdimj.[mdimjM`n`x 9 Tib{mbimqi nkmqkh{tfim ukxfizamim u{t{|- 91:4- Fktkmt{im ui|io 77 [[ m`n`x 9

Tadif da|kh{tfim u{t{| fixkmi iui/ Tib{m 91:4 ukxo{ datkoiib hkxfiatim

|kbamjji dan{mjfamfim idimqi ukmig|ax. dkmjim tadif okmjfiumqi ukxit{xim

im u{t{|mqi fixkmi fknitaim iti{ tkmtimj bixti ukxfizamim dioin [mdimj.

fku{t{|im ukmjidaoim "u{t{|im ukmjidao. [mdimj M`n`x 9 Tib{m 91:4- Ui|io 77 3

im amau{m tadif ckoi|!- Bio at{ ha|i tkxcida ‟[mt{f Ukxfizamim/ nifi dkmjim

u{t{| fixkmi ukxlkxiaim |{dib dait{x hk x oif {m qi [md im j.{ md imj am a/

dioin ui|io <: hk|kxti ukmckoi|immqi fktkmt{im.fktkmt{im qimj dait{x dioin

u{oi- Fatih [mdimj.[mdimj B{f{n UkxditiNknhili ui|io tkmtimj bixti

"H{xjkxoacf Zkth`kf!/ B@LA \- 91<<- M`-ukxfizamim/ |imjitoib f{ximj okmjfiu/

:4/ X-JB- \-/ 9212- M`-9;2 "Ukxfz|kdimjfim ux`hoknitafi dioin bixti

linu{xim! dim ukxit{xim.ukxit{xim oiamukxfizamim l{f{u himqif- \kbamjji

qimj nkmjit{x tkmtimj ukxfizamimtkxcidaoib himqif ukmig|axim/ dim nkmj.

‟\kci{b tkoib dait{x„ "timdi f{tau `okbinhao ukxit{xim qimj nkmjit{x tkmtimj

ukm{oa|! dioin [mdimj.[mdimj ama/bixti ukxfizamim da o{ix [mdimj.[mdimj

damqitifim tadif hkxoif{-

M`n`x 9 Tib{m 91:4- [mdimj.[mdimjDixa ukxmqitiim ui|io tkx|kh{t

m`n`x 9 Tib{m 91:4 nkx{uifim b{f{nnkm{mc{ffim hibzi ukmlih{tim

mi|a`mio da.hadimj b{f{n ukxfizamim-ukxit{xim dao{ix [mdimj.[mdimj M`n`x

9 Tib{m 91:4 idioib ‟Tadif Tkji|„B[F[N BIXTI UKXFIZAMIM QIMJ

fixkmi idi fioanit qimj nkmqitifimHKXOIF[ NKM[X[T [MDIMJ.

|kci{b tkoib dait{x- Bio ama hkxoif{[MDIMJ M@N@X 9 TIB[M 91:4

|khioafmqi/ hijianimi fioi{ tadif dait{x Hkxoif{mqi [[ M`n`x 9 Tib{m

`okb [mdimj.[mdimj M`n`x 9 Tib{m

91:4 hkxt{c{im {mt{f |{it{ [magafi|a 91:4/ |kdimj ukxit{xim qimj oiamdahadimj B{f{n Ukxfizamim- Min{m

nkmjit{x- Nkm{x{t ukm{oa|/ nifi dkmjim|ktkoib fati ukoicixa/ tkxmqiti ni|ab

nkmkxiu.fim ukmig|axim i l`mtxixa`/nkm{mc{ffim |agit qimj uo{xioa|ta|/ bio ama

nifi ukxit{xim qimj oiam tkx|kh{t diuit



A|ktq`zita Imdiqima <;;



dauifia |khijia oimdi|im b{f{n- iuihaoi |ioib |it{ uabif iti{ ni|amj.

ni|amj uabif nknukxòkb bixti nkoio{aUkmig|axim i l`mtxixa` "nkm{x{t

bahib dixa fko{ixjimqi/ iti{ nkmdiuitukxamjfixim!/ aioib |{it{ lixi ukmig|axim

zixa|im uidi |iit ‟|koini ukxfizamim„-[mdimj.[mdimj qimj dadi|ixfim uidi

Iuifib bio ama ni|{f bixti hiziim iti{ukxoizimim ukmjkxtaim imtixi |ìo qimj

bixti hkx|ini- Bio ama nkmanh{ofimdabidiua dim |ìo qimj dait{x dioin |{it{

ukxni|ioibim-ui|io [mdimj.[mdimj "L\T Fim|ao/ 9121

371!- Dknafaim c{ji tkxbidiu ui|io

<; iqit "8! c` ui|io <7 iqit "8! tkmtimjDkmjim hkxoif{mqi [mdimj.

bixti hiziim dioin ukxfizamim/ qimj[mdimj M`n`x 9 Tib{m 91:4 nifi

c{ji tanh{o ukx|ìoim fktafi bixtidafko{ixfimoib ukxit{xim ukoif|imiim.

hiziim tkx|kh{t dac{io dim bi|aomqi qiat{ Ukxit{xim Uknkxamtib M`n`x 1

ukmc{ioimmqi dahkoafim |{it{ hiximjTib{m 91:; "9 @ft`hkx 91:;!- Tkxmqiti

qimj fkn{daim iti| hiximj tkx|kh{tbimqi nkn{it ukxit{xim ukoif|imiim

tkxlinu{x dioin bixti hkx|ini/ iuifibdixa |khijaim [mdimj.[{mdimj M`n`x 9

b{f{n nkmjimjjiu hiximj tkx|kh{tTib{m 91:4 |ici dim ui|io <;/ <7 dim <:

|khijia bixti hkx|ini dioin ukxfizam.qimj nkmjkmia B{f{n Bixti Ukxfizamimim/ fixkmi fktadifckoi|im ukmjit{xim

‟hko{n tkxlif{u dadioinmqi„- Bio ama nk.bixti hkmdi ukxfizamim ifim nkmanh{o.

manh{ofim fkxij{.xij{im uidi ukmj.fim ukmig|axim qimj hkxnilin.nilin

idaoim.ukmjidaoim dim nkmimjima|k|{ia fkukmtamjim.fkukmtamjim qimj

ukxfixi qimj nkmqimjf{t ni|oib bixtiidi-

ukxfizamim- Fioi{ nkmlkxnita ukmj.

it{xim bixti hkmdi dioin ukxfizamim H{mqa ui|io <; dim <7 [mdimj.

dioin ui|io <; iqit "9! c` ui|io <7 iqit [mdimj M`n`x Tib{m 91:4 tkmtimj bixti

"9! nkmjkmia bixti hkx|ini dioin hkx|ini dim bixti hiziim dioin

ukxfizamim/ da|ama f{ximj ckoi| nkmjkmia uxiftkfmqi nknimj nknhkxitfim hija

fioanit ‟daukxòkb |koini ukxfizamim„- |{ina iti{ a|tkxa {mt{f nkmafnita bif

Tanh{o |{it{ ukx|ìoim hijianimi naoa f iti| bixti qimj ckoi|.ckoi|






nkx{uifim bi|ao ukxòkbimmqi |kmdaxa- Tib{m 91:7 dim Ukxit{xim Uknkxamtib

Fkn{daim qimj nknhkxitfim hija "UU! M`n x 1 Tib{m 91:;„ danimi uidi|{ina.a|tkxa tkxbidiu bixti hkx|ini qimj |{h 4 dafitifim/ hibzi tkmtimj Bixti

c{ji dan{mjfamfim bi|ao dixa ckxab Hkmdi dioin Ukxfizamim tkxmqiti tadif

uiqibmqi |kmdaxa "fb{|{|mqi |a a|tkxa!/ dait{x dioin UU tkx|kh{t "UU- M`n`x 1

qimj dioin bio na|iomqi nkmjioabfim/ Tib{m 91:;!/ fixkmimqi hko{n diuit

bix{| idi ukx|kt{c{im fkd{i hkoib uabif daukxoif{fim |klixi kgkftag dim dkmjim

"|{ina.a|tkxa!- Iuihaoi dafiatfim dkmjim |kmdaxamqi {mt{f bio.bio at{ ni|ab

ui|io ;:5 F[B Ukxditi tkmtimj bif naoaf/ daukxoif{fim fktkmt{im.fktkmt{im b{f{n

bio ama ifim hkxtkmtimjim- Ui|io ;:5 F[B dim ukx{mdimj.{mdimjim oini "C- \itxa`/

Ukxditi nkmqitifim hibzi bif naoaf 9119 3 1!-

idioib bif {mt{f nkmafnita fkj{miimZioi{u{m |{xit Nibfinib

|k|{it{ fkhkmdiim dkmjim oko{i|i/ dim Ij{mj tkx|kh{t h{fim nkx{uifim

{mt{f hkxh{it hkhi| tkxbidiu fk.fktkmt{im {n{n min{m bimqi dat{c{fim

hkmdiim at{ dkmjim fkdi{oitim |kukm{b.uidi fkidiim f`mfxat iuihaoi idi

mqi/ i|io tadif hkx|ioibim dkmjimukxni|ioibim qimj dabidiua òkb

{mdimj.{mdimj iti{ ukxit{xim {n{nukmjidaoim/ bio amau{m |klixi tadif

qimj datktiufim òkb |{it{ fkf{i|iim

oimj|{mj |{xit NI tkx|kh{t nknu{mqiaqimj hkxbif nkmktiufimmqi/ dim tadifdiqi nkmjafit {n{n |kbamjji uit{t

nkmjjimjj{ bif.bif ximj oiam-{mt{f daukxbitafim-

B[F[N BIXTI UKXFIZAMIM DIOINUKXIT[XIM BIXTI UKXFIZAMIM

F[B UKXDITIDAO[X [[ M@-9 TIB[M 91:4

Ni|ab hkxoif{mqi F[B UkxditiHkxdi|ixfim ui|io 77 [mdimj.

dioin fkhkxidiim bixti ukxfizamim/ bio[mdimj M`n`x 9 Tib{m 91:4 "dioin

ama ukxmib idi fku{t{|im NI timjjio 9;ukmig|axim i l`mtxixa` ! dim daukxf{it

Gkhx{ixa 91:: M`- :87F\au91:7/ dioindkmjim \{xit Nibfinib Ij{mj "NI!/

nimi daukxtanhimjfim/ hibzi ‟|kfioau{mqiat{ NIUknh525:91:; dkmjim c{d{o

[mdimj.[mdimj M`n`x9 Tib{m 91:4‟Ukt{mc{f.ukt{mc{f NI Nkmjkmia

tk oib hkx oif{/ tk tiu a {mt{f uk.Ukoif|imiim [mdimj.[mdimj M`n`x 9



A|ktq`zita Imdiqima <;:



oif|imiimmqi ni|ab nknkxo{fim hkxoif{/ dim uidi {n{nmqi uixi m tixa|

ukxit{xim ukoif|imiim dim fixkmi c{ji nkmig|axfim |{xit NI tkx|kh{t/bamjji fama ukxit{xim ukoif|imiim qimj |kukxta at{ "C- \itxa`/ 9119 3 99! C{ji

nkmjit{x |khijia ukmjjimta fktkmt{im. \`khkfta nkmig|axfim |{xit NI tkx|kh{t

fktkmt{im qimj dioin HZ hko{n idi/ |kukxta at{/ zioi{u{m hkoai{ hkxukmdiuit/

nifi hija ukmjj{jit dim tkxj{jit qimj hibzi |{xit tkx|kh{t uioamj tadif

idioib ZMA Fkt{x{mim Lami ni|ab |kuimcimj nkmjkmia B{f{n Bixti

hkxoif{ fktkmt{im.fktkmt{im nkmjkmia Ukxfizamim |khkmixmqi tadif ukxo{-

ukxfizamim qimj tkxlimt{n dioin F[B \kdimjfim Tibax T{mjida/ hkxukmdiuit/

Ukxditi "C- \itxa`/ 9119 3 99!- hibzi |{xit tkx|kh{t bimqi hkmix {mt{f

nkxkfi qimj nkmafib |k|{dibDixa bio tkx|kh{t da iti| da

hkxoif{mqi [mdimj.[mdimj Ukxfizamimixtafim ni|ab dahkxoif{fim fktkmt{im.

"C- \itxa`/ 9119 3 99!-fktkmt{im b{f{n dim ukx{mdimj.

{mdimjim oini- Min{m {mt{f t{md{fB[F[N BIXTI UKXFIZAMIM NK.

uidi ukxit{xim F[B Ukxditi nkmjkmiaM[X[T B[F[N IDIT

bixti hkmdi ukxfizamim/ nifi hkxhkdi

dkmjim [mdimj.[mdimj M`n`x 9 Tib{mDioin b{f{n idit dafkmio

91:4/ fixkmi dioin F[B Ukxditi/idimqi bixti j`m`.jama/ dim bixti u{|ifi

iuihaoi tkxcida ukxfizamim nifi bimqiiti{ bixti i|io- Dioin fin{| {n{n

idi fkhkx|ini.im "fkh{oitim! bixtiHibi|i Amd`mk|ai/ j`m`.jama daixtafim

hkmdi ukxfizamim- Bio ama nknimj|khijia bixti ukxòkbim hkx|ini |koini

hkxhkdi dkmjim [mdimj.[mdimj M`n`x hkx|{ina.a|tkxa- Daixtafim u{oi hibzi

9 Tib{m 91:4 qimj nkmjkmio ckma| bixtij`m`.jama idioib bixti hkmdi ukxfizamim

ukxfizamim idi 8 "d{i! qiat{ bixtiqimj daukxòkb òkb |{ina.a|tkxa |koini

hkx|ini dim bixti hiziim-ukxfizamim dim nkmcida bif naoaf |{ina.

\koimc{tmqi nkm{{x{t C- C- a|tkxa- " Dioin hibi|i Amjjxa| 3 j`m` “ jama \itxa` dkmjim ukxfitiim oiam |kuimcimj a| uxùkxtq ily{axkd càmtoq/ k|uklaiooq

nkmjkmia bixti ukxfizamim uioamj tadif d{xamj nixxaijk/ imd zbalb a| dawadkd

{mt{f nkxkfi qimj t{md{f uidi HZ ky{iooq am kwkmt `g daw`xlk!- \kdimjfim

[mdimj.[mdimj Ukxfizamim hko{n bixti i|io okhab dafkmio dkmjim bixti






hiziim/ qiat{ bixti qimj danaoafa `okb dkmjim B{f{n Bixti Ukxfizamim ni|ab

ni|amj.ni|amj |{ina.a|tkxa |khko{n hkxoif{ B{f{n Idit- Ukmdiuit dimdaoimj|{mjfim |{it{ ukxfizamim- u af axim |kukx ta t kx |kh{ t d a i ti|

hkxoimj|{mj hkxtib{m.tib{m/ |inuia NICida/ ckma| bixti hkmdi ukx.

nknhkxafim |{it{ fku{t{|im qimjfizamim nkm{x{t b{f{n idit |ini

nkmjkc{tfim uioamj tadif {mt{f d{maidkmjim Bixti Hkmdi Ukxfizamim qimj

ukxhimfim dim uixi m`tixa| "Xi|qandait{x dioin [mdimj.[mdimj M`n`x 9

Zaxiitnici/ 9115 3 24!/ qiat{ Fku{t{|imTib{m 91:4- Bio ama |k|{ia dkmjim

M`- 8715FUdt912; qimj nkmktiufim/ukmdiuit uifix b{f{n ukxditi \`khkfta 3

hibzi {mt{f ukmc{ioim Bixti Hkx|ini‟Nknimj ni|ioibmqi nkmcida oiam/ fioi{

bix{| idi ukx|kt{c{im dixa |{inaukxit{xim ukoif|imiim qimj ifim

a|tkxamqi- Dim ukx|kt{c{im da|ama daixtafimdauamcin idioib dixa B{f{n Idit/ fixkmi

|khijia ukx|kt{c{im |klixi tkji|-nkm{x{t B{f{n Bixti Ukxfizamim

nkm{x{t [[ Ukxfizamim nkmdi|ixfim \kfioau{m fku{t{|im tkx|kh{t

uidi B{f{n Idit "X- \`khkfta/ 912< 3 8!- bimqi nknhkxafim b{f{n {mt{f fi|{|

nimi fku{t{|im tkx|kh{t dahkxafimBio ama h{fim hkxixta qimj

"h{fim nkx{uifim |{it{ fktkmt{imdauifia idioib b{f{n idit/ tktiua hibzi

{n{n!/ min{m nkmjamjit hibzi NIqimj dauifia idioib [mdimj.[mdimjidioib ukmciji jizimj qimj tkxifbax dim

M`n`x 9 Tib{m 91:4 qimj nknu{mqiaukxidaoim tkxtamjja dioin |kmjfkti

uxam|au qimj |ini dkmjim b{f{n idit/b{f{n/ fku{t{|im tkx|kh{t diuit

fixkmi ‟i|i|mqi |ini„ "qiat{ 3 idi bixtinknu{mqia ukmjix{b qimj |imjit o{i|/

j`m`.jama it bixti hkx|ini dim bixtiiuioija |kb{h{mjim dkmjim fku{t{|im

hiziim ni|amj.ni|amj tktiu tkxua|ib!-tkx|kh{t- Dkmjim idimqi b{f{n idit

Fkmqitiim hibzi Ukmjidaoimdioin hadimj Bixti hkmdi ukxfizamim

uioamj tadif |khijaim timui ukmckoi|imqimj hkxfiatim dkmjim [mdimj.[mdimj

iui.iui ni|ab nkmjj{mifim a|taoib. M`n`x 9 Tib{m 91:4- nkm{x{t U{xz`t`/a|taoib idit/ nknhkxafim ukt{mc{f hibzi

hibzi [mdimj.[mdimj M`n`x 9 Tib{mukmjidaoim ni|ab hkxukmdiuit hibzi

91:4 |khijia b{f{n mi|a`mio nkmjaf{tahija nkxkfi qimj t{md{f uidi b{f{n

|q|tkn B{f{n Idit "U{xz`t` \idit |kuimcimj nkmjkmia iti{ hkxfiatim






Jimdi|{hxiti/ 9115 3 17!- zioi{u{m ukxòkbimmqi |koini ukx.

fizamim- Iuihaoi uixi uabif t{md{f uidi

b{f{n idit dim imtixi b{f{n idit dim B[F[N BIXTI UKXFIZAMIM

[mdimj.[mdimj M`n`x 9 Tib{m 91:4 NKM[X[T F@NUAOI\A B[F[N A\OIN

dioin oiuimjim B{f{n Bixti Hkmdi "FBA!

Ukxfizamim/ bio ama tadif nkmanh{ofimDioin f`nuaoi|a B{f{n A|oin

ni|ioib fixkmi idi ukx|iniim dioinqimj hkxoif{ dioin o amjf{mjim

i|i|mqi "idimqi bixti hkx|ini iti{Ukmjidaoim Ijini/ bixti j`m`.jama

j`m`.jama/ dim bixti i|io iti{ bixtida|kh{t dkmjim a|taoib bixti fkfiqiim

hiziim qimj dazifaoa òkb ni|amj. dioin ukxfizamim iti{ |qaxfib idioibni|amj uabif!- Cida |khkmixmqi qimj

bixti qimj daukxòkb hiaf |kmdaxa.|kmdaxa|kxamj nknhamj{mjfim idioib ui|io

iti{ hkx|ini |{ina.a|tkxa |koini diointkmtimj bixti hkx|ini "ui|io <; iqit "9!

afitim ukxfizamim hkxoimj|{mj dim[[ M`-9 Tib{m 91:4 qiat{ fioanit ‟qimj

|koimc{tmqi da|kh{t bixti hkx|ini/ timuid aukx` okb |k oini ukxfizamim„ -

nknukx|ìofim tkxdigtix iti| miniUkxni|ioibimmqi qiat{ iuihaoi |k`ximj

|aiuiu{m "ui|io 9 iqit "9!!-|{ina iti{ a|tkxa qimj nknukxòkb

Dioin ukx|ukftag gayab A|oin/bidaib iti{ zixa|im dixa `ximj t{i iti{

|khijaim {oini nkmjimjjiu bixti j`m`.uabif fktaji uidi |iit |{dib dioin

jama |khijia bixti |qaxfib- Nkninmjafitim ukxfizamim "|koini ukxfizamim!-

hkmix tkxni|{f |qaxfib/ tktiua nkm{x{tBixti ukxfizamim tkx|kh{t ni|{f dioin

uknibinim fina/ h{fim |qaxfib ifidbixti hkx|ini "ui|io <; iqit "9!! iti{

"|qaxfib {y{d !/ |kukxta |qaxfib ihdim/ni|{f bixti hiziim "ui|io <; iqit "8!!-

|qaxfib amim dim |qaxfib n{dbixihib/Bio ama qimj nkmanh{ofim ni|ioib

nkoiamfim |qaxfib fkuknaoafim "\qaxfibfixkmi nkmanh{ofim ukmig|axim idimqi

Naof\qaxfib Inoif - Idiu{m dkgama|auknhkmt{xim imtixi ui|io <; iqit "9! dim

|axfib fkuknaoafim ama idioib fkuknaoafimui|io <; iqit "8! tkmtimj ukxòkbimhkx|ini iti| |{it{ hiximj da imtixi d{i

bidaib iti{ zixa|im |koini ukxfizamim-`ximj iti{ okhab qimj tkxcida fixkmi

Nkm{x{t bknit |iqi/ bidaib dim zixa|imidimqi |ioib |it{ |khih fkuknaoafim

tkx|kh{t ni|{f dioin bixti hiziim



A|ktq`zita Imdiqima <75



"|kukxta c{io.hkoa/ bahib/ zi|ait dim zixa| Bixti hiziim dixa ni|amj.

iti{ fixkmi idimqi ukxlinu{xim bixti ni|amj |{ina dim a|tkxa dim bixti qimjhkmdi qimj |{oat {mt{f dauaoib.uaoib dim daukxòkb ni|amj.ni|amj |khijia bidaib

dahkdifim- \qaxfib fkuknao afim ama iti{ zixa|im idioib da hizib ukmjizi|.

na|iomqi idi |it{ uabif qimj nkmj. im ni|amj.ni|amj/ |kuimcimj uixi uabif

bahibfim |{it{ bixti fkuidi 8 "d{i ! tadif nkmkmt{fim oiam dioin ‟ukxcimcaim

`ximj/ oio{ fkd{imqi nkmkxanimqi nifi ukxfizamim„- \koimc{tmqi/ hibzi |{ina

fkuknaoafim bixti at{ dioin Gayab A|oin dim a|tkxa nknu{mqia bif |kukm{bmqi

da|kh{t |qaxfib fkuknaoafim "\qaxfib {mt{f nkoif{fim ukxh{itim b{f{n iti|

naoaf|qaxfib inoif!- bixti ni|amj.ni|amj hkx{ui bahib/

bidaib/ |`diy`b iti{ oiammqi "Ui|io 2:Bixti fkfiqiim dioin ukx.

iqit "9/ 8!-fizamim nkm{x{t F`nuaoi|a B{f{n A|oin

"FBA! nkmjkmia bixti fkfiqiim dioin Dixa ui|io tkx|kh{t da iti|

ukxfizamim/ hibzi nkmjkmia bixti nkmjkmia bixti fkfiqiim dioin

hkx|ini dim bixti hiziim "naoaf ni|amj. ukxfizamim- Hibzi F`nuaoi|a B{f{n

ni|amj |{ina.a|tkxa!/ tadif dadkgama|afim A|oin c{ji nkmjkmio d{i ckma| bixti

|klixi tkji|/ min{m tkx|axit dioin ui|io ukxfizamim/ qiat{ bixti hkx|ini dim

2; F`nuaoi| a B{f{n A| oin qimj bixti hiziim dixa ni|amj.ni|amj |{inankmjif{a idimqi bixti hkx|ini dim dim a|tkxa- Min{m dioin F`nuaoi|a

bixti naoaf ni|amj.ni|amj |{ina.a|tkxa- B{f{n A|oin tadif da|kh{tfim |kcif

fiuim da|kh{t bixti hkx|ini dim bixtiDioin F`nuaoi|a B{f{n A|oin

hiziim- Bio ama hkxhkdi dkmjim dkgama|ankmkji|fim u{ oi hibzi uidi

bixti ukxfizamim "bixti hkx|ini dim‟di|ixmqi„ tadif idi ukxlinu{xim imtixi

bixti hiziim qimj dait{x dioin Ui|io <;bixti |{ina dim bixti a|tkxa fixkmi

iqit "9/ 8! [[ M`-9 Tib{m 911:- Tktiua/ukxfizamim "ui|io 27 iqit "9!!-

fioi{ fati tkoiib dioim [mdimj.[mdimj

\koimc{tmqi bixti a|tkxa tktiu nkmcida bif M`n`x 9 Tib{m 91:4 fb{|{|mqi tkxbidiua|tkxa dim da f{i|ia ukm{b òkbmqi/

h{mqa ui|io <; iqit "9!/ qiat{ fioanitdknafaim c{ji bixti |{ina tktiu nkmcida

‟daukxòkb |koini ukxfizamim„ "bixtibif |{ina dim da f{i|ia ukm{b òkbmqi

hkx|ini!/ bio ama nkmanh{ofim n{ota tig|ax/"ui|io 27 iqit "8!!-






l`mt`bmqi |kukxta tkmtimj bixti zixa|im/ idi hijaim dixa iui qimj nkxkfi

bahib qimj daukx okb ‟|koini ukxfizam. {|ibifim/ dim hija uixi zimati u{m idiim„/ nkmcida bixti hkx|ini/ iti{ bixti hijaim dixa iui qimj nkxkfi {|ibifim

hiziim- Zioi{u{m dioin Ui|io <; iqit "Y\- Im.Ma|ii 3 <8!- \kbamjji iuihaoi

"8! [mdimj.[mdimj M`n`x 9 Tib{m 91:4 a|tkxa hkfkxci dim nknukxòkb bixti/

|khijia bixti hiziim- nifi a|tkxa u{mqi bif ukm{b iti|

bixtimqi at{- Cafi a|tkxa ni{ nkmj.Fioi{ dahimdamjfim dioin FBA

j{mifim bixti at{ {mt{f fkukxo{imokhab ckoi| tkmtimj bixti hkx|ini dim

fko{ixji/ nifi at{ daimjjiu |khijiabixti hiziim- Bio ama tkx|{xit dioin Ui|io

|kdkfib qimj u{mqi d{i uibioi/ qifma2: iqit "9! F`nuaoi|a B{f{n A|oin dim

uibioi |kdkfib dim uibioi hkxh{it hiafbixti qimj daukxòkb ni|amj.ni|amj

fkuidi fko{ixji-|khijia ‟bidaib iti{ zixa|im„ idioib

dahizib ukmj{i|iim ni|amj.ni|amj/ Bif naoaf a|tkxa idioib bixti

Da|ama tadif nkmqkh{tfim zift{mqi/ qimj |{dib danaoafa a|tkxa |khko{n

na|iomqi ‟|koini ukxfizamim„/ |kbamjji ukxmafibim dim bixti naoaf a|tkxa qimj

tadif nkmanh{ofim n{ota tig|ax- Qimj hkxi|io dixa zixa|im/ bidaib/ bahib/ uabif

tkxukmtamj hibzi bixti dixa bidaib iti{ fktaji/ c{ji nibix dixa |{ina- C{ji bixti

zixa|im idioib bif ni|amj.ni|amj |{ina qimj daukxòkb dixa bi|ao fkxci a|tkxa-iti{ a|tkxa/ tadif nkoabit uknhkxaim \kn{i at{ bixti naoaf "bixti hiziim

tkx|kh{t |khko{n/ iti{ |koini ukxfizam. a|tkxa!- Fkl{ioa/ cafi a|tkxa nkmjj{mifim

im- bixtimqi at{ {mt{f fkukxo{im fko{ixji dim

dacidafim bif naoaf hkx|ini "|qaxfibBIXTI UKXFIZAMIM DIOIN

inoif!/ na|iomqi {imj qimj |kn{oi naoafUKX\UKFTAG A\OIN

a|tkxa dahkxafim fkuidi |{ina/ oio{ |{ina

Dioin A|oin bixti qimj da. nkmjjih{mjfim {imj a|tkxa tkx|kh{t

ukxòkb a|tkxa dixa bi|ao fkxcimqi |kmdaxa dkmjim {imj |{ina qimj |koimc{tmqi

tadif tkxni|{f bixti j`m`.jama "bixti nkmcida bixti hkx|ini-

hkx|ini!/ fixkmi bixti tkx|kh{t idioibHija nkxkfi qimj hkxijini

bif naoaf a|tkxa- Bio at{ hkxdi|ixfim gaxnimA|oin/ iuihaoi tkxcida ukx|koa|abim imtixi

Iooib \ZT "ixtamqi! 3 ‟Hija uixi oifa.oifa






|{ina.a|tkxa tkmtimj bixti hkx|ini/ nifi zixa|im |khko{n ukxfizamim iti{ |koini

ukmqkok|iaim ukx|koa|abim at{ daic{fim ukxfizamim- Iuihaoi bifan nkn{t{|fimfkuidi Ukmjidaoim Ijini- \khioafmqi hibzi bixti zixa|im qimj daukxòkb

hija nkxkfi qimj h{fim hkxijini A|oin |koini ukxfizamim tktiu daf{i|ia òkb

daic{fim fk Ukmjidaoim Mkjkxa- Iuihaoi ni|amj.ni|amj ukmkxani iti{ ni|{f

|{ina.a|tkxa u{t{| ukxfizamimmqi fixkmi bixti hiziim idioib |{dib tkuit- Bio ama

fknitaim/ nifi bif ui|imjim qimj ha|i nknukxtkji| Ui|io <; iqit "8!

bad{u okhab oini nkmdiuit |kuix`b bixti [mdimj.[mdimj M`n`x 9 Tib{m 91:4

hkx|ini- "tkmtimj bixti hiziim!-

Iuihaoi |{ina nknu{mqia a|tkxa Iuihaoi u{t{|mqi ukxfizamim

okhab dixa |k`ximj/ nifi bixti hkx|inifixkmi ukxlkxiaim ni|amj.ni|amj uabif

dixa ukxfizamim nkxkfi/ ni|amj.ni|amj"|{ina/ a|tkxa! nkmdiuit |kukxd{i dixa

tkxua|ib dim hkxdaxa |kmdaxa "Ui|io 14 iqitbixti hkx|ini- Tktiua it{xim tkx|kh{t

9!- Dixa ukxmqitiim Ui|io 14 iqit "9! dadiuit da|anuimja nkoio{a ukxcimcaim

iti| nifi dabat{mj uidi |iit hkx.fizam- \kbamjji bio ama diuit da|anu{ofim

oimj|{mjmqi ifid ukxfizamim qimjhibzi nkm{x{t fktkmt{im dioin

fkd{i/ fktaji iti{ qimj fkknuit- [mt{fF`nuaoi|a B{f{n A|oin tkx|kh{t hibzi

nkmjit{x okhab ckoi| dim tadif nkmanh{o.

uknhijaim bixti ukxfizamim tadif zicah/ fim n{ota tig|ax tkxbidiu bixti ukxfizamimnkoiamfim ‟n{hib„ "hòkb!/ |kbamjji

diuit nkoio{a ukxcimcaim fizam-|kmjfkti bixti hkx|ini diuit daoif{fim

da o{ix Ukmjidaoim Ijini/ hkxdi|ixfim UKXCIMCAIM FIZAM

n{|qizixib dkmjim nkmknu{b cioimIxta dim T{c{im Ukxcimcaim Fizam

ukxdiniaim "I|b.\b{o{b!-Nkm{x{t F[B Ukxditi

Dioin F`nuaoi|a B{f{n A|oin/Ukxcimcaim fizam "B{zkoacf| iti{

zioi{u{m tadif idi dkgama|a tkmtimj bixtiB{zkoa cf|k w``x zixdkm! idioib

hkx|ini min{m ha|i daixtafim dixa ukxcimcaim qimj dah{it òkb d{i `ximjukmjkxtaim bixti hiziim- Cida bixti

li o`m |{ina . a | tk x a |khk o{n d a .hkx|ini idioib bixti dao{ix bixti

oimj|{mjfimmqi ukxfizamim nkxkfi/hiziim bidaib ni|amj.ni|amj |{ina.

{mt{f nkmjit{x ifahit.ifahit ukxfizamima|tkxa/ dim tadif tkxni|{f bixti iti{



A|ktq`zita Imdiqima <7<



qimj nkmqimjf{t bixti fkfiqiim- "hk|lbaffkm!- Bio qimj |ini hkxoif{

Ukxcimcaim fizam ama okhab hkx|agit b{f{n c{ji tkxbidiu hkmdi.hkmdi hkxjkxiffkfko{ixjiim "Ginaoak xklbtkoacf ! ni{u{m tif hkx.jkxif qimj dahizi

|kbamjji tadif |kn{i fktkmt{im b{f{n a|txa "iimhxkmj|t ! iti{ tkxbidiu

ukxcimcaim qimj tkxdiuit dioin h{f{ AAA hkmdi.hkmdi qimj daukxòkbmqi

HZ/ hkxoif{ na|iomqi |{it{ if|a "j{jit! |kuimcimj ukxfizamim qimj hkxiti|.

hkxdi|ixfim |{it{ fkfbaoigim "Dzioamj minifim a|txa "Ui|io 945 iqit "<!

kxx`x ! tadif diuit daoif{fim "X- \`kt`c` F[B Ukxditi!-

U-/ Nixtbiokmi U`bim/ 9115 3 :4!-4- \khijia tk|tinkm dixa |{ina {mt{f

Nkm{x{t Uato`/ da Mktbkxoimd a|tkxa iti{ |khioafmqi/ iti{ tk|tinkmtadif himqif `ximj qimj fizam dkmjim ta nh io .h io af "Ui |i o 971 F[B

ukxcimcaim fizam- Ukxcimcaim fizam at{ Ukxditi!-

dah{it dkmjim t{c{im 3 "X- \`kt`dc` U/;- Uknhkxaim bidaib "|lbkmfamj ! òkb

Nixtbiokmi U`bim/ 9115 3:4!‟uabif fktaji„ fkuidi |{ina dim iti{

9- ‟Nknhiti|a iti{ nkmaidifim |ini a|tkxa "Ui|io 9:7 F[B Ukxditi!-

|kfioa ‟fkhkx|iniim bixti fkfiqiim7- \khijia tk|tinkm dixa ‟uabif fktaji„

nkm{x{t [mdimj.[mdimj„-fkuidi |{ina dim itii{ a|tkxa "Ui|io

8- Uknh kxai m.uk nhkx aim bida ib 9:2 F[B Ukxditi!-

"|lbkmfamj ! dixa |{ina fkuidi a|tkxaHiaf tk|tinkmt ni{u{m |lbkm.

iti{ |khioafmqi/ iti{ uknhkxaimfamj qimj danif|{d òkb |{h 4 bamjji 7

bidaib tanhio.hioaf imtixi |{ina dimn{mjfam |ici tkxcida/ cafi fkhkx|iniim

a|tkxa "Ui|io 972 F[B Ukxditi!-bixti fkfiqiim dahiti|a iti{ dataidifim-

<- Nk nh it i| a fk f{ i| ii m |{ in a Da oiam uabif/ dioin bio |{h ; dim |{h 7

‟tkxbidiu hiximj.hiximj fkhkx. |kukxta qimj tkoib da|kh{tfim/ ukxcimcaim

|iniim qimj datkmt{fim òkb Ui|io fizam tkx|kh{t tadif bimqi nkmjafit

984 iqit "8! F[B Ukxditi/ |kbamjji |{ina dim a|tkxa |ici/ ifim tktiua c{ji

‟timui himt{im„ a|tkxamqi/ |imj |{ina nkmjafit uabif fktaji qimj nkmcida

tadif diuit nkoif{fim ukxh{itim. uabif "Uixtac! dioin ukxcimcaim tkx|kh{t

ukxh{itim qimj hkx|agit nkn{t{| dim af{t |kxti nkmimdi.timjima iftkmqi-






Uidi [n{nmqi Ukxcimcaim Fizam wim j`kdkxkm! iti{ fkhkx|iniim bixti

dah{it 3 "X- \`kt c` U/ 9122! fkfiqiim qimj tkxhiti| "hkukxftkjknkkm|lbiu wim j`kdkxkm!-

9! Haoinimi tkxdiuit |kc{noib bixti

qimj okhab hk|ix uidi |ioib |it{HKMT[F DIM HKXOIF[MQI UKX.

uabif dixauidi uabif qimj oiam-CIMCAIM FIZAM NKM[X[T F[B

8! Fkd{i hkoib uabif ni|amj.ni|amjUKXDITI

nknhizi ni|{fim "iim hxkmj|t !

qimj l{f{u hk|ix- Ukxcimcaim fizam nkm{x{t F[B

Ukxditi bix{| dah{it dkmjim iftk m`tixa|<! Ni|amj.ni|amj nknu{mqia {|ibi

"Ui|io 94: F[B Ukxditi! dim dah{it uidi|kmdaxa.|kmdaxa/ |kbamjji imdiafiti

|iit |khko{n ukxfizamim daoimj|{mj.|ioib |it{ cit{b ‟giaoakt „/ qimj oiam

fim- Iuihaoi |ioib |it{ dixa fkd{i |qixittadif tkx|imjf{t-

at{ tadif daukm{ba/ nifi ukxcimcaim fizam4! Iti| b{timj.b{timj qimj nkxkfi

at{ hitio dkna b{f{n "wim xklbt| zkjkh{it |khko{n fizam/ ni|amj.

maktaj !- \kbamjji bio ama nkmjifahitfimni|amj ifim hkxtimjj{mj j{jit

idimqi imjjiuim idi fkhkx|iniim|kmdaxa.|kmdaxa-

bixti fkfiqiim imtixi |{ina.a|tkxa

Nif|{d uknh{itim ukxcimcaim dadioin ukxfizamim tkx|kh{t- Ukxcimcaim

fizam ama idioib {mt{f nkmjidifim fizam dah{it dkmjim iftk m`tixa| 3

ukmqanuimjim tkxbidiu fktkmt{im.i- Daidifim {mt{f nknukx` okb

fktkmt{im tkmtimj bixti fkfiqiim‟fkui|t aim tkm timj timjji o

hkx|ini |kukxta qimj datktiufim dioinuknh{itim ukxcimcaim fizam„-

Ui|io 991 F[B Ukxditi- Uixi uabif Iuihaoi `ximj daukxh`okbfim

idioib hkhi| {mt{f nkmkmt{fim hkmt{fnknh{it ukxcimcaim fizam dkmjim

b{f{n qimj dafkbkmdifamqi iti| bixtiiftk dahizib timjim/ nifi idi

fkfiqiim qimj nkmcida `hqkfmqi- fkn{mjfamim tkxcida uknio|{imNkxkfi diuit |ici nkmkmt{fim/ hibzi

timjjio iftk "da|imtkditkkx ! dimdadioin ukxfizamim nkxkfi |ini |kfioa

uknh{itim ukxcimcaim |ktkoibtadif ifim tkxdiuit fkhkx|iniim bixti

ukxfizamim daoimj|{mjfim "ui|iofkfiqiim "{at|o{atamj wim jknkkmlbiu



A|ktq`zita Imdiqima <7;



941 F[B Ukxditi!- {mt{f |k{n{x bad{u-

h- Daidifim dkmjim nif|{d ijix h! [mt{f idimqi fkui|taim b{f{n-

|ktkoib ukxfizamim daoimj|{mjfiml! \khijia |it{.|it{mqi ioit h{fta qimj

diuit dafktib{a dkmjim ui|ta/|ib-

nkmjkmia ukxcimcaim fizam hkxaf{td! [mt{f nkmlkjib fkn{mjfamim

a|a ukxcimcaim fizam at{- Ukxcimcaimidimqi ukmqko{md{uim iti| fktkmt{.

fizam hkxoif{ |kuimcimj ukxfizam.im ui|io 941 F[B Ukxditi "|ktkoib

im hkxoimj|{mj dim tadif diuitdaoimj|{mjfimmqi ukxfizamim/ nifi

da{hib "Ui|io 941 F[B Ukxditi!-

dkmjim lixi iuiu{m c{ji/ ukxcimcaim Iuihaoi ukxfizamim hko{nfizam at{ tadif diuit da{hib!-

daoimj|{mjfim/ nifi ukxcimcaim at{ ni|ab

diuit da{hib- Nkm{x{t fktkmt{im Ui|ioUKXCIMCAIM FIZAM NKM[X[T

942 iqit "9! F[B Ukxditi ukx{hibimmqi[mdimj.[mdimj M`n`x 9 TIB[M 91:4

bix{| daoif{fim dkmjim iftk m`tixa|-

Ukx{hibim tkx|kh{t daimjjiu |ib cafi Ukxcimcaim fizam dadioin

da|kuifita òkb nkxkfi qimj dib{o{ [mdimj.[mdimj M`nn`x 9 Tib{m 91:4/

nkmcida uabif " uixtac !- \koimc{tmqi Ui|io bimqi dait{x òkb |it{ ui|io qiat{ Ui|io

942 iqit "8! F[B Ukxditi nkmqkh{tfim 81 dim 4 iqit- Hibzi iqit.iqit dioin

‟Tadif bimqi nkxkfi |ici qimj ui|io 81 tadif nkmjit{x hkmt{f.hkmt{f

nknhkxafim acam fk|kuifitim/ ifim tktiua bixti hkmdi dioin ukxfizamim |klixi

c{ji nkxkfi qimj nknhkxafim bidaib tkxukxamla- Ui|io tkx|kh{t bimqi nkmjit{x

"|lbkmfamj ! uidi lio`m |{ina.a|tkxa- tkmtimj |iit ukxcimcaim fizam at{ dah{it/

tkmtimj fkih|ibimmqi/ tkmtimj |iitUkxcimcaim fizam dkmjim iftk

hkxoif{mqi dim tkmtimj diuit da{hibmqim`tixa|- Bio ama daoif{fim/ fkl{ioa {mt{f

ukxcimcaim tkx|kh{t- Cida tadif nkmjit{x ‟fkih|ibim„ ukxcimcaim fizam/ c{ji 3

tkmtimj a|a dixa ukxcimcaim fizam |kukxta"X- \`kt`c` Uxizax`binadc`c`/ 9122 3 ;1!biomqi uidi F[B Ukxditi-

i! [mt{f nkmlkjib ukxh{itim qimj

Dioin Ui|io 81 iqit "9! 3 uiditkxjk|i.jk|i/ òkb fixkmi ifahit

zift{ iti{ |khko{n ukxfizamim da.dixauidi ukxcimcaim ama ifim dauaf{o






oimj|{mjfim/ fkd{i uabif iti| uk. ukjizia ukmlitit mafib/ tioif dim x{c{f

x|kt{c{im hkx|ini diuit nkmjidifim hija nkxkfi hkxijini A|oin dim ukjiziaukxcimcaim tkxt{oa| qimj da|ibfim òkb lititim |auao hija nkxkfi qimj h{fim

Ukjizia Ukmlitit Ukxfizamim/ |ktkoib A|oin- Ukmjk|ibim ifim dahkxafim

nimi a|amqi hkxoif{ c{ji tkxbidiu uabif iuihaoi tadif nkoimjjix m`xni ijini/

fktaji |kuimcimj uabif fktaji tkx|imjf{t- m`xni fk|{|aoiim/ m`xni b{f{n/ m`xni

Dixa h{mqa ui|io tkx|kh{t diuit datixaf fk|ùimim "Ui|io 81 iqit "8! [mdimj.

fk|anu{oim/ hibzi hkmt{f ukxcimcaim [mdimj M`n`x 9 Tib{m 91:4!- Zioi{u{m

ukxfizamim idioib tadif bix{| `tkmtaf- dioin Ui|io 81 iqit "8! [mdimj.[mdimj

Qimj ixtamqi hkhi|/ ha|i ifti `tkmtaf iti{ M`n`x 9 Tib{m 91:4 nkmqkh{tfim hiti|.

ifti dahizib timjim/ i|iofim tkxt{oa|- hiti| min{m qimj tkuit idioib ‟m`xni.

Uidibio dioin fkmqitiimmqi 3 ukcihit. m`xni„ fixkmi fioi{ ‟m`xni„ a|amqi idi

ukcihit lititim |auao dim hkhkxiui m`tixa| ukxamtib dim oiximjim/ min{m fioi{ hiti|

hiaf da \{xihiqi ni{u{m da Cifixti/ tadif idi ukxamtib dim oiximjim-

hibzi nkxkfi qimj nknh{it ukxcimcaimUkxcimcaim fizam tkx|kh{t n{oia

fizam ni|ab |koio{ namti himt{im m`tixa| 3hkxoif{ |kcif ukxfizamim daoimj|{mjfim/

"X- \`kt`c` Uxizax`binadc`c`/ 9122 3 75!-qimj ixtamqi tadif diuit datkmt{fim zift{

9- Fixkmi nkxkfi nkxi|i |khijia qimj oiam "Ui|io 81 iqit "<! [mdimj.‟nim am tbk |txkkt „- [mdimj M`n`x 9 Tib{m 91:4!/ bio ama c{ji

danif|{dfim ijix idi fkui|taim b{f{n8- Fixkmi nkxkfi nkmix{b fk.

uidi |iit ukxfizamim dim |koimc{tmqiukxliqiim qimj l{f{u hk|ix

tkxbidiu bixti ukxfizamim nkxkfi-fkuidi uixi ukcihit tkx|kh{t/ |khih

\khioafmqi ukxcimcaim fizam nkmcidaukxcimcaimmqi dah{it òkb ukcihit

j{j{x haoi ukxfizamim at{ tadif cidaqimj nknimj iboa da dioin

daoimj|{mjfim-hadimjmqi/ |kbamjji nkxkfi

nkxi|i inim- \koini ukxfizamim hkx .oimj|{mj ukxcimcaim tkx|kh{t tadif diuit

[mt{f ukmjk|ibimmqi/ qimjdax{hib/ fkl{ioa haoi dixa fkd{i hkoib

dahkxa zkzkmimj òkb [mdimj.[mdimjuabif idi ukx|kt{c{im {mt{f nkx{hib dim

aioib ukjizia ukmlitit ukxfizamim/ qiat{



A|ktq`zita Imdiqima <7:



ukx{hibim tadif nkx{jafim uabif fktaji ukxcimcaim fizam |imjit naman bimqi

"Ui|io 81 iqit "4! [mdimj.[mdimj |it{ ui|io dim 4 iqit |ici- Bio amaM`n`x 9 Tib{m 91:4!- Fktkmt{im ama hkxhkdi dkmjim F[B Ukxditi ni{u{m

faximqi dainhao ioab dixa M-H-Z- |khijia F`nuaoi|a B{f{n A|oin-

fkoimc{tim [mdimj.[mdimj 91;7- DioinUKXCIMCAIM FIZAM NKM[X[T FBAM-H-Z H`kf A ixtafko 991 iqit "9! dim "8!

d a|kh{tfim hibzi {mt{f diuit Dioin b{f{n A|oin ukxcimcaim

nkmj{hib ukxcimcaim fizam bix{| fizam okhab dafkmio dkmjim a|taoib

nkmjic{fim ukxn`b`mim fkuidi ukxcimcaim Uxi Mafib- Dioin F`nuaoi|a

ukmjidaoim "Xklbthimf ! dim da{n{nfimB{f{n A|oin c{ji nkmkmt{fim zift{

nkoio{a naman{n d{i |{xit fihix qimj uknh{itim ukxcimcaim fizam qiat{ 3 Uidi

dib{o{ nkmj{n{nfim ukxcimcaim fizam zift{ iti{ |khko{n ukxfizamim da.

tkx|kh{t- \kdimjfim [mdimj.[mdimj oimj|{mjfim fkd{i lio`m nknukoia

fati "[mdimj.[mdimj M`n`x 9 Tib{m diuit nknh{it ukxcimcaim tkxt{oa| qimj da

91:4! nkmjkmia bio ama dain "X- \`kt`c` |ibfim ukjizia ukmlitit mafib

Uxizaxc`binadc`c`/ 9122 3 79!- nkmjkmia fkd{d{fim bixti dioin

ukxfizamim "Ui|io 4: iqit "9! F`nuaoi|aDioin ukmckoi|im Ui|io 81

B{f{n A|oinA!- Hkxixta da|ama hkmt{fmqi

tadif tkxni|{f tioaf.tioif/ cida nkm{x{t tadif bix{| dkmjim iftk `tkmtaf "dkmjim[mdimj.[mdimj M`n`x 9 Tib{m 91:4

m`tixa| |kukxta qimj datktiufim dioinqimj hòkb daukxcimc afim bimqi

F[B Ukxditi!- Ha|i dah{it òkb uixinkmjkmia fkd{d{fim ‟bixti ukxfizamim„

uabif "dahizib timjim! dim da|ibfim|{ina.a|tkxa |ktkoib nkoimj|{mjfim ukx.

òkb ukjizia ukmlitit mafib-fizamim- \kbamjji bio ama tadif tkxni|{f

cimca.cimca |koiam qimj nkmjit{x bixti Dioin F`nuaoi|a B{f{n A|oin

ukxfizamim- Bio ama |ini dkmjim F[B tkxdiuit d{i hkmt{f ukxcimcaim fizam

Ukxditi "tkmtimj bixti ukxfizamim!- |khko{n daoimj|{mjfim.mqi ukxcimcaim

Tktiua tadif biomqi dioin F`nuaoi|a ukxfizamim/ qiat{ 3

B{f{n A|oin- Dim it{xim dioin [mdimj.9- Tifoaf tioif dim

[mdimj M`n`x9 Tib{m 91:4 tkmtimj8- Ukxcimcaim oiam qimj tadif hkx.






tkmtimjim dkmjim b{f{n a|oin- hkxcimca bix{| daoif|imifim-

Tkmtimj ukxcimcaim tifoaf tioif Ukx cim caim uxi mafib tadif

tadif daim{t dioin [mdimj.[mdimj daukxhòkbfim/ cafi ukxcimcaim tkx|kh{t

M`n`x 9 Tib{m 91:4/ |kdimjfim dioin nkmjbioiofim qimj bixin dim nkmj.

FBA daukxhòkbfim ukxcimcaim fizam qimj bixinfim qimj bioio- Na|iomqi 3

nkmjkmia tifoaf tioif- \kdimjfim a|a tifoaf` Ukxcimcaim qimj a|amqi |{ina hòkb

tioif tadif hòkb hkxtkmtimjim dkmjimmafib okhab dixa knuit a|tkxa- Uidibio

b{f{n A|oin "Ui|io 47 iqit "9! F`nuaoi|a|kbix{|mqi |{ina bimqi hòkb

B{f{n A|oin!- Ukxcimcaim tifoaf tioifhkxa|tkxa nif|anio knuit ximj i|io

h{fim |{it{ ukxcimcaim qimj zicah da ha|i hkxh{it idao-idifim uidi |ktaiu ukxfizamim/ ifim

` Ukxcimcaim qimj a|amqi/ cafi |{inatktiua |kfioa tifoaf tioif |{dib dauk.

nkmamjjio dim nkxkfi tadifxcimcafim tadif diuit dalih{t fknhioa-

dafix{maia imif/ zixa|im n{toif Iuihaoi fkidiim qimj da

cit{b uidi a|txa/ uidibio dioin A|oin|qixitfim dioin tifoaf tioif hkt{o.hkt{o

bixti |{ina qimj nkmamjjio timuitkxcida fkn{daim/ tadif dkmjim |kmdaxa.

dafix{maiba |k`ximj imif/ tadifmqi tioif cit{b- Ijix tioif tkx|kh{t

|ko{x{bmqi cit{b uidi a|tkxa/ tiua|{mjj{b tkxcida/ nifi a|tkxa bix{| c{ji uidi \i{dixi fimd{mj uabifnkmjic{fim ukx|ìoimmqi "ukxn`b`m.

|{ina |kxti `ximj t{i |{ina qimjim! fk Ukmjidaoim Ijini- \kbamjji bio

ni|ab bad{u-at{ nkm{mc{ffim hibzi zioi{u{m |{dib

` Ukxcimcaim qimj a|amqi/ hibzitkxcida idimqi tifoaf tioif tktiua ux`|kd{x

ukxfizamim dahiti|a zift{mqi qimjhkxilixi fk Ukmjidaoim Ijini tktiu

fkn{daim hkxlkxia- Fixkmi ukx.daoif{fim- Dioin ijini A|oin/ ukxcimcaim

mafibim tadif hòkb idi ukxcimcaimuxi mafib c{ji tkxdiuit dioin Y{x*im

{mt{f hkxlkxia-|{xit Io.Hiyixib iqit 8 dim Bidat|- A|amqinkmqitifim hibzi |ktaiu n{fnam tkxafit Ukxcimcaim fizam |koiam Tifoaf

dkmjim ukxcimcaim nkxkfi n|amj.ni|amj- tioif idi ukxcimcaim fizam qimj nkmjkmio

Nif|{dmqi/ cafi |k`ximj n{fnam |{dib bixti ukxfizamim |{ina.a|tkxa/ i|iofim






tadif hkxtkmtimjim dkmjim b{f{n A|oin- dim uabif fktaji tkxbat{mj n{oia timjjio

Ukxcimcaim fizam nkmjkmia bix ti daoimj|{mjfimmqi ukxfizamim dabidiu.ukxfizamim nkoau{ta ukxlinu{xim bixti im Ukjizia Ukmlitit Mafib-

uxahida dim ukna|ibim bixti ukmlibixaim Iuihaoi |{ina amjam nkmafib

ni|amj.ni|amj |kuimcimj bio at{ tadifdkmjim a|tkxa fkd{i/ fktaji iti{ fkknuit/

hkxtkmtimjim dkmjim b{f{n A|oin "Ui|iohòkb daukxcimcafim nkmjkmia tknuit

48 iqit "8! F`nuaoi|a B{f{n A|oin!-fkdainim/ zift{ jaoaxim dim haiqi x{nib

Dah{itmqi ukxcimcaim fizam nkmjkmiatimjji hija a|tkxa qimj ifim damafibamqi

ukna|ibim bixti hkx|ini iti{ bixti"Ui|io ;8F`nuaoi|a B{f{n A|oin!-

|qixafit/ hiaf daukm{ba iti{ tadif ukxcimcaimUkmjit{xim ukxcimcaim ukx.

qimj nkxkfi h{it/ nifi |{ina tktiufizamim dioin F`nuaoi|a B{f{n A|oinA

hkxfkzicahim nkmimjj{mj haiqi fkh{t{b.okhab okmjfiu dixauidi [mdimj.[dimj

im x{nib timjji-M`n`x 9 Tib{m 91:4 tkmtimj ukxfizamim-

Ukxcimcaim ukxlinu{xim bixti Idimqi ukxcimcaim fizam fb{|{|mqi

uxahida diuit nkoau{ta |kn{i bixti/ hiaftkxbidiu fkd{d{fim bixti ukxfizamim

qimj dahizi ni|amj.ni|amj fk dioindioin hkx{nib timjji |khkmixmqi

ukxfizamim "bixti hiziim iti{ i|io!/ukmtamj/ fixkmi ukmjit{xim nkmjkmia

ni{u{m qimj daukxòkb òkb ni|amj.bixti ukxfizamim fb{|{|mqi [mdimj.

ni|amj |koini ukxfizamim- \koiam at{[mdimj M`n`x9 Tib{m 91:4 |imjit

diuit c{ji daukxcimcafim hibzi ukx.f{ximj okmjfiu dim nkmanh{ofim n{ota

linu{xim bixti uxahida bimqi tkxhiti|tig|ax- \kdimjfim idimqi ukxcimcaim

uidi bixti uxahida qimj dahizi uidi |iitfizam nkz{c{dfim fk|kuifitim hija

ukxfizamim daoimj|{mjfim/ |kbamjji|{ina ama tkxbidiu bixtimqi-

ukxlinu{xim ama tadif nkoau{ta bixti uxahidaFk|kuifitim da|ama okhab

qimj daukxòkb |koini ukxfizamim iti{lkmdkx{mj uidi b{f{n fko{ixji iti{

|khioafmqi "Ui|io 41 iqit "8! F`nuaoi|a

b{h{mjim n`xio dioin fko{ixji- CidaB{f{n A|oin!-h{fim fk|kuifitim qimj da it{x dioin

Ukxcimcaim ukxfizamim nk.H{f{ AAA F[B Ukxditi/ tkmtimj ukxafitim/

mjkmia bixti/ nkmjafit fkuidi uixi uabifqimj okhab nkmataf hkxitfim uidi



A|ktq`zita Imdiqima <:5



fk{mt{mjim- uimti|/ iti{ tih{ {mt{f nknhalixifim

ukna|ibim bixti qimj daukxòkb iti|Ckoi|oib hibzi nknimj ukmj.{|ibi dim ckxab uiqib ui|imjimmqi-

it{xim bixti ukxfizamim da it{x dioin\{ina.a|tkxa nkmqidixa cafi dioin

hkhkxiui ukxit{xim/ min{m qimj hkxoif{ukxfizamim tkxdiuit ukxcimcaim nkmjkmia

idioib it{xim dioin [mdimj.[mdimjbixti nkxkfi/ nifi |k|{mjj{bmqi

M`n`x 9 Tib{m 91:4- ukmjit{xim tkmtimjnkxkfi tadif ukxliqi dkmjim ui|imjim

bixti hkx|ini qiat{ bixti qimj daukxòkbbad{umqi- Min{m dkmjim idimqi {uiqi

|koini ukxfizamim- Min{m nkmjkmiab{f{n dkmjim nknh{it ukxcimcaim fizam

zixa|im/ bidaib qimj daukxòkb |koini|khkmixmqi {mt{f nkmimjima ux`hokn

ukx.izamim tadif tkxni|{f bixti hkx|ini/dioin ukxkh{tim bixti ukxfizamim

tktiua ni|{f bixti hiziim iti{ bixtinkxkfi "iuihaoi idi ni|ioib! |kbamjji

ni|amj.ni|amj-okhab nkz{c{dfim fkui|taim b{f{n

Dim iuihaoi hkxfkamjamim {mt{ftkxbidiu bixti ukxfizamim ui|imjim

nkmqanuimja it{xim tkmtimj bixti|{ina.a|tkxa-

ukxfizamim qimj |{dib idi/ ha|i nkoio{a

ukxcimcaim fizam- Iuihaoi dioin it{xim DIGTIX U[\TIFI

[mdimj.[mdimj M`n`x 9 Tib{m 91:4

L\T- Fim|ao- Ukmjimtix Aon{ b{f{n dimf{ximj okmjfiu iti{ tadif idi nifi ha|i Titi b{f{n Amd`mk|ai- Lkt- WAAA/nkmjinhao it{xim qimj oiam hkxdi|ixfim Hioia U{|tifi/ Cifixti/ 9121/ Bio-

71-Ui|io 77 [mdimj.[mdimj M`n`x 9 Tib{m

91:4 "dkmjim ukmig|axim i l`mtxixa`!- B-F-M- \`gqim Bi|im- B{f{n A|oin Hkfio Ukmjimtix Aon{ B{f{n dim Titi

[uiqi b{f{n {mt{f nknukx. B{f{n A|oin da Amd`mk|ai-Oatkxiti/ Cifixti- 8554-tkji| fkhkxidiim bixti ukxfizamim/ ha|i

nkoio{a ukxcimcaim fizam- Zioi{u{mC- C- \itxa`- B{f{n Bixti Ukxfizamim-

fkhimqifim idit fktan{xim dim nkmciji UT- Latxi Idatqi Hifta/ Himd{mj-

9119- Bio 8:-fkfkfioim dioin hkx{nib timjji iti{ da

di|ixfim uidi |agit {mt{f nkmj. C-J- Foi||km “ C- Kjjkm| “ CN- Uòif-B{zkoacf|j`kdkxkm km Kxgxklbt- ij{mjfim tioa ukxfizamim/ nkxkfiLkt WAAA/ Tckkmf Zaoamf/ Szòok-

"|{ina.a|tkxa! hkximjjiuim hizi tadif 91;7- Bio <-



A|ktq`zita Imdiqima <:9

isetyowati andayani 2005 oktober

Documents