CONTEMPORARY BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT

By

Ambar Utkarsh 2K12B39

Vandana Pandey 2K12B33

Shweta Srivastava 2K12B21

Arpit Gupta 2K12B37

Smita Biswas 2K12B22

Introduction

Jugaad is a Punjabi term which means alternative arrangement, a quick fix through the use of an unconventional but innovative method.

Jugaad is an ancient Indian management technique which signifies attaining any objective with the available resources at hand.

Jugaad is a mixture of tradition, culture and attitude which can be adopted for solving nonlinear problems where the outcome of the problem is not inherently predictable.

Contd..

The practitioners of Jugaad use the combination of present knowledge and

innovation in utilizing whatever resources may be at hand without asking or

waiting for additional resources.

The resources can consist of any of the 5Ms.

SWOT analysis of Jugaad

• Getting recognized globally

• Potential of solving problems with limited resources

• New emerging technology

• No commercialization

• Less Known

• No fixed Rule

• Great chances of failure

• Economical in use

• Easy solutions

• Customized

• Adds value in the product

Strength Weakness

OpportunityThreat

Relevant cases

Dial a Motor

o This system enables the user to switch ON or OFF an electrical

motor with the use of Mobile phones. This mobile operated motor control system is very common in rural India to operate the motor

pump from any distant location for irrigation purpose.

Contd..

Dabbawalas

o Each dabbawalla is an entrepreneur & an equal

shareholder in the Dabbawalla Trust.

o Yet there is a team lead for every 25-30 dabbawallas,

chosen from the team, by the team!

o 2,00,000 deliveries and 4,00,000 transactions EVERY

DAY!

o Annual turnover is INR 50 crores.

o Error rate is- 1 in 16 million (Better than GE )

Contd..

Motor Cycle Rickshaw

o This is an innovative Jugaad in which motor cycle is coupled with

the rickshaw cart used for carrying goods and other material.

The Indian way

There are some strong reasons behind the

Jugaad mindset of Indians :

Conditions after achieving independence:

In 1947,after dividing into India and Pakistan, Almost

10 million people migrated from across the border

adding a large number of refugees to an existing

population of 200 million.

Contd..

Hofstedes cultural dimensions theory and Jugaad mindset :

• Professor Geert Hofstede Proposed a frame work of assessing and differentiating national cultures

which was popularly known as cultural dimensions

theory.

• Out of six dimensions enumerated in this theory

there are three which are directly related to the

theory of Jugaad mindset.

1) Power Distance Index (PDI)

2) Individualism VS Collectivism

3) Masculinity VS Feminity

Contd..

Super culture and Sub cultures of India :

India has a super

culture of tolerance, family values, emotional outlook, caring for others and warmth. Within this super culture at a national level

there are subcultures like North, South, East and West.

Advantages of this super culture:

o The happiness Quotient of India is high.

o Here family warmth, little unregulation, freedom to move and do what

you want are some major reasons for happiness.

o In India people found ways to do more with less, they used

improvisation, adaptive abilities to progress with lesser resources and yet

lived happily for most of the time

ADVANTAGES OF JUGAAD

Can do attitude

Best use of the available resources

Trust in ‘karma’

Use of innovation and independent thinking

Low cost of maintenance

Jugaad as the medium of transport

Jugaad Solution Style

Solution

Innovate

Identify

Problem

Be

Unconventional

Know

Priorities

Alternate

Solution

Be Frugal

Manage

Constraint

Quick

Thinking

Jugaad Going Global

Jugaad has recently gained more attention in the West.

“Jugaad Innovation” is very relevant in today’s context

because in West, they are beginning to see two important

changes happening:

extreme resource scarcity

more complexity

Companies like Procter and Gamble, G.E., 3M and Google

are beginning to adopt Jugaad approach as well, because it ultimately allows to innovate faster, better and cheaper.

Summary

Not a substitute for organized R & D.

India needs to capitalize on the ‘Jugaad’ mentality

Need for more financial support to fund innovative

ideas.

The benefits of ‘Jugaad’ should not remain localized.

‘Jugaad’ may face opposition from govt. and industry.

Contd..

References

Technological Innovations in Rural India (Thesis Submitted by: Jitender Singh Virk)

Is Jugaad Going Global? (By Philip Mcclellan)

Jugaad, An Introduction (By Musafir)

Business Today for Management , 11 December 2011 edition

The Jugaad technology (Sanjeet Singh, Gagandeep Sharma, Mandeep Mahendru)

Theory of Jugaad (By Virender Kapoor)

JUGAAD- Not just “Making do” but a Low Cost Survival & Coping Strategy at the Bottom of the Pyramids. (by Ramendra Singh, Vaibhav Gupta & Akash Mondal)

Thank you