noor tri hastuti 2005 juli

7/23/2019 Noor Tri Hastuti 2005 JULI

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PB_ZINCCRNCMISIOIN P_BVHJBN

JIN DRORNCINNXI JBNCIN LIDKILID KGNVZHZRVHLBNR_RZ ILINJBLBN RRJ 98:2

Gabd=

Nggr Zrhdivzzh

IOVZ_IFZ Pgsbr Inj ge Prbvhjbnz ge _bpoahf Ge Hnjgnbvhi ox ngrlizhe hz hv

zrb diub btpbrhbnfbj ge zdb erhfzhgn ergl pizzbrn ge vxvzbl ge yivh prbvhjbnvhia obegrbilinjblbn RRJ 98:2 zg prb vxvzbl prbvhjbnvhia pizzbrn dbrbiezbr ilinjblbn RRJ

98:2. Dgsbubr! ox xrhjhv hv fgnvzhzzhgnia! vbfgnj ge zdb pizzbrn dhzdbrzg vzhaa ob btbfzbj jheehfaz prbax inj kgnvbkbn! obfivb ge uirhgv eifzgr! egr btilpab= hzv dhv sbik 9jglhfhab inj kbsbnincin hnvzhzzb zdb Vzizb hn fdircb zg ivk zdb Prbvhjbnz rbvpgnvhohahzx vzrbnczd hv pgahzhfia pirzx hlpgrzinfb hneabnfb hn fiohnbz fglphaizhgn. Iv i rbvaz! vxvzblge Prbvhjbnz rbvpgnvhohahzx hn Ogjx Pgahzhf Hnjgnbvhi fin ob zgaj vzhaa vzix hn zdb uifgvfgaln.

Kbxsgrj = Pgsbr! Prbvhjbnz _bvpgnvhohahzx! Izdgrhzizhub Hnvzhzzb Zdb Vzizb Hn FdircbZg Ivk Zdb Prbvhjbnz _bvpgnvhohahzx

rbvpgnvhohahzx

I. G_HBNZIVH PBLOIZIVIN kbrimiin iovgaz zinpi kgnvzhzvh! zbziph

KBKRIVIIN NBCI_I mci jipiz zbrmijh jh nbciri,nbciri

Kbrimiin Kgnvzhzvhgnia jbn _bpoahk

9. Bvbnvh Kgnvzhzvhgaiahvlb Kgnvzhzvhgnia jh livi vbkirinc. Ipiaich!

mhki ngrli,ngrli kgnvzhzvh viz nbciriEikzgr pbnjgrgnc lnfanxi

vinciz agnccir vbdhncci lbloki rinccicivin zbnzinc pbloizivin kbkiviin

xinc aboir oich pblbcinc kbkiviinnbciri ijiaid kirbni vheiz kbkiviin

nzk lbnchnzbrprbzivhkinnxi vbvihlblinc fbnjbrnc nzk jhkgrp izi

vfabri izi kbliin piri pbncivi.jhviaidcnikin gabd pblbcincnxi. Agrj

Kirbni hz! viaid viz firi nzk Ifzgn jbncin zbciv lbnxizikin oidsi=lbncizr jbn lbloizivh kbkiviin hz

/Pgsbr zbnjv zg fgrrpz! inj iovgazbijiaid! absiz kgnvzhzvh. Likb kgnvzhzvh

pgsbr fgrrpzv iovgazbax/. Kbnxiziinlbnrz Ng J. Jfdifbk lbrpikin!

hnh! zhjik dinxi zbrmijh jh }ilin kbrimiin,/hjbnzhex zdb vgrfbv! prpgvbv! vbv! inj

Pbrzinccncmisioin Prbvhjbn JinDoncinnxi Jbncin LidkilidKgnvzhzvh Lbnrz Ilinjblbn RRJ 98:2

P B_VPBKZHE Ugalb T Ng.6 Zidn ?002 Bjhvh Mah

Nggr Zrhdivzzh ?93



rbvzrihnzv ge poahf pgsbr $Hug. J. piji vbfair ijlhnhvzrizhub bnifzlbnzv.

Jfdifbk! 9843 = 9:?(. Jh lini! $Mhlax Ivvdhjhyhb! ?00: = ?(. Jiail kgnzbkvpbloizivin kbkiviin piji llnxi hnh! Cainuhaa vbrhnc lbnccnikin zbrl

jhinccip lbrpikin fgrik ll lizbrh fgnvzhzzhgn nzk zhzid rimi $i rgxia bjhfz(.

kgnvzhzvh. Pbrvhv jh z hz hk hnh! kgnv, Livhd jh Hnccrhv! oichin zbrzbnz

zhzvhgniahvlb! kizi Erhbjrhfd! lbrpikin jirh Rnjinc,njinc Lbrzgn zidn 9?65

/in hnvzhzzhgniahvbj vxvzbl ge beebfzhub! jin Licni Fdirzi! jhvboz gabd Orifzgn

rbcairhvbj rbvzrihnzv pgn cgubrnlbnzia vboicih i nbs fgnvzhzzhgn nzk RR

ifzhgn. $ F.\. Erhbjrhfd! 9856 = ?93 (. Lbrzgn! jin fgnvzhzzhg ahobrzizhv nzk

Obrjivirkin fizizin vbmirid Licni Fdirzi.$ Mhlax Ivvdhjhyhb! ?00:!kaivhk! cicivin zbnzinc pbloizivin dal.6(. Vbmik hz nzk sikz obrioij,

kbkiviin nbciri vbobnilxi vjid ioij kbljhin! zbrl fgnvzhzzhgn vbaia

lnfa jiail kbojixiin Xninh Kng j h l i k n i h v b o i c i h i p i r z h f a i r

absiz ipi xinc jhvboz pgahzbhi.$Mhlax ijlhnvzrizhub bnifzlbnz lfd iv hz dij

Ivvdhjjhyhb! ?00: = 9(. Lbnrz Fdirabv lbinz zg zdb _glin aisxbrv. Zbrl

D. Lfaaasihn! hvzhaid fgnvzhzzhgn xinc fgnvzhzzhgn hnh jhpikih nzk lbl,

lnfa jh milin kbkiviin _glish! objikin inziri i pirzhfair bnifzlbnz jirh

jhcnikin vboicih hvzhaid zbknhv nzk fgnvbzjg izipn infhbnz fvzgl. Mijh

lbnxboz zdb ifzv ge abchvaizhgn ox zdb ohvi jhkizikin oidsi dikhkiz zbrl

Blpbrgr.$ Fdirabv D! 9855 = ?6( fgnvzhzzhgn jh viiz hz! lbnnmk piji ipi

Jh Hnccrhv! pbrizrin xinc pbr, xinc jhnckip gabd Vhr Milbv Sdhzbagfkb!

zili kiah lbnccnikin zbrl kgnvzhzvh zdb nizria erilb inj fgnvzhzzhgn ge zdb

hiaid Fgnvzhzzhgn ge Fairbnjgn 995:. pgahfx ge zdhv Khncjgl! sdhfd hv mv

Gabd _imi Dbnrx HH! pbrizrin hnh jhvboz poahfl rbcnh.

vboicih fgnvzhzzhgnv izi iuhzib Ji kgnvbpvh kgnvbpvh kgnvzhzvh

fgnvzhzzhgnv. Hvh pbrizrin zbrvboz livhd obrisia jirh nckipin Sdhzbagfkb hz.

obrvheiz bkabvhivzhk! rnbvkh piji livi, Pbrzili! kgnvzhzvh vboicih zdb nizria

livi obrhkznxi zbrl fgnvzhzzhg hz erilb ge zdb vzizb xinc vbmimir jbncin

vbrhnc jhpbrzkirkin viz vili aihn pgahzbhi jiail kgnvbp Xninh. Kbji!

jbncin abt izi bjhfzl xinc lbnnmk kgnvzhzvh jiail irzh mv poahfl rbcnh



Nggr Zrhdivzzh ?94



xinc obrlikni zdb poahf ais ge zdb lbnjipizkin obnzknxi xinc vinciz

rbial. kiz! vbnzriahvzhv! jin vinciz obrkiviJh ahnckncin Kbrimiin _glish! vbaili ioij,ioij hz! zbrmijh pai prikzhk

zbrl fgnvzhzzhg mci jhpikih vboicih gzgrh zirhinhvlb xinc vinciz kbm h .

hvzhaid zbknhv nzk lbnxboz zdb ifzv ge Pbnciailin hz lblhf lnfanxi

abchvaizhgn ox zdb Blpbrgr. Jipiz pbraisinin nzk lbncikdhrh kbkbmhin

jhlbncbrzh! grinc xinc jipiz jhinccip zbrvboz. Hnh aid blorhg kblnfain

pbrzili lbnccnikin zbrl fgnvzhzzhg cicivin pbrahnjncin dik,dik jivir

jiail irzh kgnvbpvh mv poahfl rbcnh rikxiz xinc kbljhin zbrkrhvzia jiail ipi

ijiaid F hfbrg.$_.N Obrkh! 9844 = 3:(. xinc jhkbnia vbkirinc jbncin kgnvzhzvh

Lbnrz Fhfbrg! /zdhv fgnvzhzzhgn div i jin kgnvzhzvhgniahvlb.

crbiz lbivrb ge byiohahzx shzdgz sdhfd Gabd kirbni hz! kgnvzhzvhgniahvlb jh

lbn fin dirjax rblihn erbb inx abnczd ge }ilin vbkirinc jhinccip vboicih viz

zhlb $Mhlax Ivvdhjhyhb! ?00: = :(. kgnvbp xinc nhvfixi oich vbzhip nbciri

Kbvbdlhdin pbrkbloincin lgjbl xinc obrpgrgv piji dik ivivh!

hzaid xinc piji chahrinnxi lbnc, jblgkrivh! jin rab ge ais. Oivhv pgkgknxi

dinzirkin pbrlvin fgnvzhzzhgn hz ij ia id kblb ni nc in rikx iz xi nc

vboicih zdb likb gr fglpgvhzhgn sdhfd jhpbagpgrh kil ogrmhv nzk lbnmizdkin

jbzbrlhnbv zdb nizrb ge inxzdhnc! jin vhvzbl vzinjbvziiz xinc obraik }ilin

jiail pbncbr zhin xinc jblhkhin! hz. Jbncin obchz! kbvbpikizin jin

kgnvzhzvh vbaia jhinccip vboicih pbrvbzmin ll inziri lixgrhziv

rbcaivh xinc lbncizivh pblbrhnzidin rikxiz! lbnmijh oivhv egrliz nbciri hjbia!

jin vbciai kbpzvin vbrzi pbrizrin nbciri dkl xinc jblgkrizhv.

aihnnxi. Grcinhvivh nbciri xinc jblhkhin

Rpixi lbsmjkin lbnrz hz jhpbrakin gabd rikxiz icir kbpbnzhncin

dhvzgrhvnxi! pbloizivin kbkiviin lbrbki obrvili jipiz jhahnjnch jin

nbciri mci obrkbloinc jh Brgpi ioij jhprglgvhkin lbaiah pblobnzkin jin

kb,95 jin kb,93. Zbrzili! kbzhki pbnccniin lbkinhvlb xinc jhvboz

nbciri,nbciri oincvi $nizhgn vzizbv( kgnv zh zvh jiail vblinciz kgnv ,



Nggr Zrhdivzzh ?98



zhzvhgniahvlb.$Shaahil C. Injrbs! 9854 lbncciloirkin oidsi dklaid xinc

=8( vbvnccdnxi lblbrhnzid jiail vizLbnrz Injrbs! kgnvbnvv xinc nbciri! okin kbdbnjik linvhi.

lbnmilhn zbciknxi kgnvzhzvhgniahvlb jh Kbzhci! kbvbpikizin zbnzinc obnzk

}ilin lgjbl piji llnxi jhpidilh hnvz hzv h,hnvzh zvh jin prgvbjr kb,

obrvinjir piji z hci bablbn kb, zizinbciriin.

vbpikizin.$ Shaahil C. Injrbs! 9854 =9?, Kbvbpikizin hnh obrkbniin

96( Pbrzili! kbvbpikizin lbncbnih jbncin $i(. Oincnin grcin nbciri jin

z m i n jin f h z i , f h z i ob r vi li . prgvbjr xinc lbncizr kbkiviinnxi!

Kbvbpikizin hnh vinciz lbnbnzkin $o(. Doncin,doncin inzir grcin hz

zbciknxi kgnvzhzvh jin kgnvzhzvhgniahv, viz vili aihn! $f(. Doncin grcin

lb jh viz nbciri! kirbni fhzi,fhzi nbciri jbncin sirci nbciri.

obrvili hzaid xinc piji pnfiknxi Jbncin ijinxi kbvbpikizin hz!

piahnc lnckhn lbnfbrlhnkin kb, liki hvh kgnvzhzvh jipiz jbncin ljid

viliin kbviliin kbpbnzhncin jh inziri jh r l vki n kir bn i ob nir ,o bni r

vbvili sirci jbncin pariahvziv jin lbnfbrlhnkin kbhnchnin obrvili obr,

dbzbrgcbnhzivnxi. Kbji! kbvbpikizin kbniin jbncin hnvzhzvh nbciri jin

zbnzinc zdb rab ge ais vboicih ainjivin lbk inh vlb kbzizinbcir iin xinc

pblbrhnzidin izi pbnxbabncciriin jblgkrizhv. Vbkiahin kbvbpikizin jiail

nbciri. Kbvbpikizin hnh mci iliz zhci kizbcgrh hz pai xinc jhrlvkin

pbnzhnc kirbni jiail viz nbciri diriv ji ai l jg k lb n kg nv zh z vh xi nc

iji kbxikhnin obrvili oidsi ipipn jhdiripkin mijh pbcincin obrvili nzk

xinc dbnjik jhaikkin jiail kgnzbkv kbpbnzhncin vbli.

pbnxbabncciriin nbciri! dirvaid Hnzh vbli hz ijiaid ahlhzbj

jhjivirkin piji vprblivh dkl! cgubrnlbnz xinc lbrpikin fgrb

okin lbnrz linxi grinc kiz. fgnfbpzhgn jirh kgnvzhzvhgniahvlb.

Jh Ilbrhki Vbrhkiz! jgkzrhn hnh Kirbni hz! lbnrz Injrbsv! /njbr

jhkbloinckin lbnmijh vblogxin xinc fgnvzhzzhgniahvl! zsg zxpbv ge ahlhzizhgnv

lgnlbnzia jin vblhnia! /zdb rab ge ais! hlphncb gn cgubrnlbnz pgsbr prgvfrhob

inj ngz ge Lin/. Vblogxin hnh nzk inj prgfbjrbv prbvfrhobj/ $Shaahil C.



Nggr Zrhdivzzh ??0



Injrbs! 9854=96( kbkiviin jhairinc vbaia lbrpikin jgklbn zbrzahv. Jiail

jin prgvbjr jhzbnzkin. Khrinxi mbaiv! jnhi lgjbrn! kgnvzhzvh zhjik dinxiencvh kgnvzhzvhgniahvlb lbnfikp lbnnmk piji jgklbn zbrzahv! ziph mci

pi ah nc vbj hk hz z hc i di a! vb pb rz h zbrlivk prikzhk,prikzhk kbzizinbciriin.

jhnckipkin Injrbsv= $9(. Lbnbnzkin Hn h zb rfbrlhn ji ail kgnvbp xinc

pbloizivin zbrdijip kbkiviin! $?(. jhkblkikin gabd Pdhaahpv Dggj jin

Lblobrh abchzhlivh piji kbkiviin Mifkvgn! oidsi kgnvzhzvh lbrpikin /i

pbrnbrhnzidin $xinc obroivhv rab ge ais(! ogjx ge ais! fvzglv inj fgnubnzhgnv zdiz

$6(. Vboicih hnvzrlbn nzk lbnc, jbehnb zdb fglpgvhzhgn inj pgsbrv ge zdb

iahdkin kbsbnincin jirh fgnvzhzbnz grcin ge zdb Vzizbv inj zdiz rbcaizb zdb

pgsbr kbpiji grcin kbkiviin nbciri.$ rbaizhgnv ge zdb uirhgv Vzizb grcinv zg ngb

Shaahil C. Injrbs! 9854 = ?6( ingzdbr inj zg zdb prhuizb fhzh}bn. Pdhaahpv

Vboid kgnvzhzvh! kizi Zdgliv G. Dggj % Mifkvgn! 9843 = 2(

Pihnb! hv ngz zdb ifz ge i cgubrnlbnz oz ge Lbvkh lbnmijh kgnvbp xinc vjid

zdb pbgpab fgnvzhzzhnc i cgubrnlbnz/ jhzbrhli ll zbnzinc kgnvzhzvh! kgnvbp

.$Fdirbabv D. Lfaasihn! 9855! dhl. ?0(. Dggj hz vbobnirnxi lbnnmk piji

Kgnvzizivh hnh jhpbrkiz gabd Lfaasihn! kgnvzhzvh Hnccrhv vboicih vboid nbciri

oidsi vbfiri zrijhvhgnia! vbobal ioij vbpbrzh mci Hvriba xinc zhjik lbncbnia

kb,94! kgnvzhzvhgniahvlb vbaia jhahdiz nivkid zbrzahv xinc jhvboz Rnjinc,

vboicih i vbz ge prhnfhpabv blogjhbj hn Rnjinc Jivir. Lblinc vboicihlini

zdb hnvzhzzhgnv ge i nizhgn xinc vpbrhgr! jhkbzidh! kgnvzhzvh Hnccrhv lbrpikin

zhjik iji kbkizin aihn xinc lbnc, oincnin prhnvhp kbnbciri,in xinc zbrjhrh

izivhnxi.$ Fdirbabv D. Lfaasihn! 9855 jirh izrin! ijiz hvzhijiz! kbohiviin,

=9?( kbohiviin xinc lbnbnzkin vvnin jin

Oich Orhin Zdglvgn! kgnvzhzvh kbkiviin grcin,grcin nbciri! vbrzi

lbrpikin /i jgflbnz sdhfd fgnzihnv xinc lbncizr doncin inziri obroicih

zdb rabv egr zdb gpbrizhgn ge in grcin hz! jin doncin grcin,grcin

grcinh}izhgn/ $Orhin Zdglpvgn! 9883= 6(. nbciri hz jbncin sirci nbciri.

Kgn vb p Zdg lv gn hn h! l nck hn Pbncizrin lbncbnih pbncisiv,

lbaidhrkin pblidilin oidsi kgnvzhzvh in jin pbloizivin kbkiviin pb,



Nggr Zrhdivzzh ??9



lbrhnzid lbrpikin pbrvgiain xinc jblhkhin.

iliz vbnzria jiail vbzhip kgnvzhzvh. /...hv blogjhbj prgfbbjv ergl i vgrfbJiail kgnvzhzvh dirv iji vhvzbrn jheebrbnz ergl zdiz sdbnfb vprhnc gzdbr

xinc zbrabloicikin lbnxinckz aisv! hv rbcaizbj hn i jheebrbnz six! inj

pbloizivin xinc bebkzhe jin zbrizr btbrzv i vgubrbhcn egrfb. Hz hv bnifzbj ngz

zbrdijip pbnxbabncciriin kbkiviin ox zdb grjhnirx abchvaizhub izdgrhzx oz ox

jiail nbciri. vglb dhcdbr inj vpbfhiaax blpgsbrbj

Zbnz vimi abchzhlivh vboid ogjx. Sdbn inx ge hzv p#.guhvhgnv fgneahfz

kgnvzhzvh vboicih dkl jivir xinc shzd zdb prguhvhgnv ge zdb grjhnirx ais! hz

lbnchkiz! jhzbnzkin gabd prhnvhp prbuihav inj zdb grjhnirx ais lvz chub

kbjiaizin xinc jhinz vboid nbciri. six/ $M Orxfb! 9809 = 929(

Mhki nbciri hz lbncinz kbjiaizin Vjid zbnz kgnvzizivh Orxfb hz

rikxiz! liki vlobr abchzhlivh kgnvzhzvh lbnnmk piji kgnvzhzvh zbrzahv xinc

hz vjid zbnz ijiaid rikxiz. Mhki xinc lbnvxirizkin ijinxi firi jin prgvbjr

jhinz ijiaid eidil kbjiaizin rimi! pbloizin vbrzi abloici jbncin gzgrhziv

liki rimi xinc lbnbnzkin obraik kdvv nzk lbloiznxi. Kirbni

zhjiknxi kgnvzhzvh zbrvboz. Pbnbnz fgnvzhzbnz ifz hz abchzhlivhnxi obrvlobr

abchzhlivh $bnzid rikxiz! rimi! izi xinc jirh pblhahk kbjiaizin! xihz fgnvzhzbnz

aihnnxi( hzaid xinc gabd piri idah jhvboz pgsbr! liki fgnvzhzbnz ifz hz mci

vboicih fgnvzhzbnz pgsbr.$Orhin lbnmijh pviz dhrikdh dkl.

Zdglpvgn! 9883 = 2( Jbncin kizi aihn! kgnvzhzvh

Obrki h zin jbncin kgnvbp lbrpikin dkl xinc abohd zhncch izi

fgnvzhzbnz pgsbr zbrvboz! lnfa pai oidkin piahnc zhncch vbrzi pi ahnc

kgnvbp fgnvzhzbnz ifz. Jiail dia hnh! enjilbnzia vheiznxi xinc lbnmijh zhzhk

kgnvzhzvh jhinccip vboicih fgnvzhzbnz zgaik jin oiz mh vbli prgjk dkl jh

ifz hz. ai okin prgjk abchvaivh xinc oisidnxi. Vbvih prhnvhp dkl xinc

ohivi $grjhnirx abchvaizhub ifz(! ai obraik nhubrvia $prhnvhp vzebnoi(! icir

lbrpikin izrin xinc vpbrhgr xinc pbrizrin pbrnjincin xinc zhnckizinnxi

obrivia jirh vinc pblhahk kbjiaizin! obriji jh oisid kgnvzhzvh $RRJ( pnxi

xiknh fgnvzhzbnz pgsbr. Kizi M Orxfb mvzhehkivh nzk obraik jin jhobraikkin!



Nggr Zrhdivzzh ???



liki vbkiahin pbrizrin hz zhjik ogabd bncb }hn( xinc lbnblpizkin

obrzbnzincin jbncin dkl xinc abohd encvh rbfdzv piji vziiz dinxizhncch zbrvboz. vboicih iaiz pbrahnjncin dik,

Vboicih /pgahzhfg,abcia jgflbnz/ dik ivivh hnj hu hjia jin

$jgklbn dkl jin pgahzhk( nivhgnia pbncizrin kbkiviin nbciri

xinc zili! kgnvzhzvh vbkiahcv vbfiri pivhe! xiknh dinxi

obrencvh vboicih jgklbn hjbnzhziv obrzciv vboicih pblbahdiri

vboid nbciri. Vboio! kgnvzhzvh kbz brz hoi n jin kbi lin in

vbvnccdnxi obrvzizv vboicih vlobr livxirikiz. $I}dirx! 9882 = 55(.

jin jivir fhzi oincvi jin nbciri xinc Jiail pbrkbloincin nbciri,

obrpi nhaih,nhaih jin kihjid,kihjid jivir nbciri lgjbl ioij kb,98!

oich kbdhjpin obrnbciri. Kgnvzhzvh kgnvbp Kinz zbrvboz jhnhaih

lbliz fhzi,fhzi rikxiznxi! jh vilphnc k ri nc lb liv ki n! li ki

iviv,iviv hjbgagch nbciri. ai lbn, o br kb lo in ca id k bl j hi n

fbrlhnkin vblinciz jin vphrhz obr, kgnvbp xinc abohd aiv zbnzinc

oincvi! obrnbciri! jin obrlivxirikiz rbfdzvvziiz xinc obrsisivin

oich rikxiznxi. Mbaivaid! oidsi vboicih s b a u i i r v z i i z j i n

dkl jivir! viz kgnvzhzvh vbaihn ubr}grchncvvziiz izi obrsisiv,

lbncizr grcinhvivh nbciri jin vzrkzr i n k b v b m i d z b r i i n j i n

pblbrhnzidin! mci lbliz rbfdvhjbb kbliklrin. Rnvr,nvr

jin fhzi,fhzi nbciri. zili rbfdzvvziiz xinc obr,

s i s i v i n j b l h k h i n h z !?. Kgnvbp Nbciri Dkl

jhbaiogrivh gabd vbmlaid idah

jbncin obroicih uirhin. IjiZbrjipiz ricil kgnvbp nbciri

xinc lbnbkinkin nvr,nvr dkl xinc jhkblkikin gabd piri

pbncikin jin pbrahnjncinpikir dkl

dik,dik ivivh linvhi! pb,zbrkblki! iniziri aihn=

lhvidin kbkiviin nbcirii. Obrisia jirh pblhkhrin Hllinba

lbnrz prhnvhp Zrhiv Pgahzhfi!Kinz zbnzinc nbciri dkl

sbzlizhc obvzr! jin pbrijhainjiail irzh vblphz $rbfdzvvziiz hn



Nggr Zrhdivzzh ??6



ijlhnhvzrivh nbciri,vbpbr zh inziri kgnvbp /_ab ge Ais/ jin

jhimkin gabd Vzid. Iji pai / _ b f d z v v z i i E l b l h a h k hxinc lbnbkinkin nvr,nvr pb rv il ii n! zbr z il i vg ia

kbpivzhin dkl! pbrviliin! ainjivin ehagvgeh xinc obroivhv

jblgkrivh! jin pblbrhnzidin ahobriahvzhk,hnjhuhjia! pbloizivin

xinc lbaixinh kbpbnzhncin kbkiviin nbciri obroivhv

ll vbpbrzh jhimkin Vdbazbli. sbzliz hc! vbr zi pbl hvid in

o. Uin Sh mk jin Kgn hmnbnobaz vbfiri lzaik inziri nbciri jin

lblobrh pbrdizhin piji nvr, icili. j. Abohd ainmz! E.M. Vzida

nvr pblbrhnzidin obrjivirkin lbrlvkin! oidsi nbciri

dkl! dik,dik ivivh! pbl, dkl lgjbl dirv lblbndh

oichin kbkiviin! jin pbnc, lhnhlia blpiz vxiriz! xiknh =$9(

isivin gabd kbkiviin pbr, Nbciri dirv lbahnjnch dik,dik

ijhain. $I. Dilhj Izilhlh! 9880 = ivivh linvhi! $?( Dirv iji

699(. Vbjinckin ]hppbah v pblhvidin jin pbloichin

lblobrh pbnbkinin piji nvr, kbkiviin! $6( Pblbrhnzidin

nvr pblbrhnzidin lbnrz dirv obrjivirkin dkl! $:(

dkl! milhnin zbr,dijip dik, Dirv iji pbrijhain ijlhnhvzrivh.

dik ivivh! pbloichin kbkiviin! $V.E Liron! 9883! dhl. 8( b. Pia

jin pbncisivin xvzhvhia zbr, Vfdgazbn! lbnxboz iji zhci

dijip pblbrhnzid. Piji nbciri, nvr zili nbciri dkl!

nbciri Incag Vitgn! llnxi xiknh= $9( Jhikhnxi dik,dik ivivh

pblidilin zbrdijip nbciri linvhi! $?( Ijinxi pblhvidin

dkl lbnchkzh kgnvbp /_ab ge k b k i v i i n ! $ 6 ( I j i n x i

Ais/ jirh I.U. pblbrhnzidin xinc obrjivirkin

f. Jhfbx jbncin nvr,nvr zili njinc,njinc.

vprblifx ge ais! byiahzx obegrb j. Vbjinckin Vr h Vgblinz r h

zdb ais! inj zdb fgnvzhzzhgn oivbj lbnxboz blpiz nvr nbciri

gn hnjhuhjia rhcdzv.$2M. Ugn dkl; $9( Pblbrhnzid jiail

Vfdlhj = ?:4(. Piji prhnvhpnxi! lb aikvinik in zciv jin



Nggr Zrhdivzzh ??:



kbsimhoinnxi dirv obrjivirkin obegrb zdb ais. $L.Lidej LJ! ?000 =90(.

dkl izi pbrizrin pbr, Vbaihn hz! hjb /nbciri obrjivirkinnjincin! $?( Ijinxi milhnin dkl/ ! lblnf ak in kbdi rvi n

dik iviv h linvhi $sirci hlpbrizhe icir vbard kbkiviin pgahzhk

nbciri(! $6( Ijinxi Pbloichin lbvzh znjk piji dkl.

kbkiviin jiail nbciri! $:( Pbra hnjncin dik,dik ivivh

Ijinxi pbncisivin jij oijin linvhi! lbrpikin hjb ngrlizhe nzk

pbrijhain $rbfdzbrhhmkb fgnzrgab(. lbnmilhn dik,dik rikxiz vboicih phdik

$Vrh Vlinzrh! 988? = 90( xinc jhpbrhnzid.$F.E Vzrgnc! 9855 = 9(.

Jipizaid jhkizikin oidsi Fdbfkv inj oiainfbv lbrpikin hjb

vprblivh dkl! milhnin dik,dik ivivh ngrlizhe nzk lbncdhnjirh zbrmijhnxi

linvhi! fdbfk inj oiainfbv jiail iovg az h vlb jiai l pbai kvin iin

nbciri! jin rbfdzbrhhmkb fgnzrgab! lbnmijh kbkiviin nbciri jin nzk lbnmilhn

hkgn nbciri lgjbl vboicih nbciri obr miainnxi jblgkrivh . Vbjinckin

dkl xinc jblgkrizhv. Vhvzbl rbfdzbrahmkb fgnzrgab $Vrh Vgblinzrh! 988? =

kgnvzhzvh xinc lbnmijh viaid viz 90( lbrpikin hjb ngrlizhe nzk

cicivin ngrlizhe nbciri dkl! lbncdhnjirh zbrmijhnxi pblikviin

lbloisi kgnvbkbnvh oidsi dirv kbdbnjik gabd phdik xinc kiz zbrdijip

lbnchkz h blpiz prhnvhp hlpbrizh e xinc ablid! zbrlivk inziri xinc

kgnvzhzvhgniahvlb! xihz= $9(. Vbard lblbrhnzid jin xinc jhpbrhnzid.

kbkiviin pgahzhk dirv znjk piji Mbaiv! obzipi fgrb fgnfbpzhgn

dkl. $?(. Ijinxi milhnin jin zbnzinc nbciri dkl! zhjik vimi

pbrahnjncin dik,dik ivivh linvhi. $6(. jhlikvjkin nzk lbnmilhn vhvzbl

Pbrijhain xinc oboiv jin linjhrh! $:(. obrnbciri xinc jblgkriz hv $obr ,

Iknziohahziv poahk! vboicih vbnjh zili kbjiaizin rikxiz(! zbziph mci lbnfbcid

kbjiaizin rikxiz. zbrmijhnxi kbkiviin xinc zinpi oiziv

Vprblivh dkl! lbrpikin hjb xinc pgzbnvha oich pbnhjivin jin

ngr liz he n zk lb nfbci d i zi pbnxiaidcniin kbkiviin. Rnzk livi

lbncdhnjirh zbrijhnxi kbvbsbninc, khnh! kgnvbp Nbciri lgjbl! hjbnzhk

sbnincin jin zbrmilhnnxi byiahzx jbncin nbciri dkl xinc jblgkrizhv.



Nggr Zrhdivzzh ??2



$Irhbe Ojhlin! 9855= ?6( Jh vhz! iji bkvhvzbnvh pbrijhain xinc jblhkhin hz

pblhvidin izi pbloichin kbkiviin jhinccip zhjik pbra. Hnh zbrkihz jbncinnbciri,oihk grcin lipn encvh, prhnvhp /byiahzx obegrb zdb ais/ jiail

lbnrz vkbli imirin zrhiv pgahzhfi. kgnvbp /rab ge ais/ jh lini pbmioiz

Hnhzhnxi ijiaid! lblegrliz kbkiviin lipn sirci ohivi vbjbrimiz jh jbpin

nbciri xinc jblgkrizhv zhjik iovgaz! dkl! jin gabd kirbni hz vili,vili

jin jipiz jgkgnzrga viz vili aihnnxi znjk piji oijin pbrijhain ll.

$fdbfk inj oiainfbv(. $ Irhbe Ojhlin! Pbrobjiin kirikzbrhvzhk inziri

9855 = 62,65( vhvzbl dkl Brgpi {Fgnzhnbnzia jin

Lblinc! zhjik iji viz nbciri Incag Vitgn ! mci hkz lbsirnih

pn xinc lbncinz lzaik vkbli ivah pbrobjiin vgia bkvhvzbnvh pbrijhain

zrhiv pgahzhfi hz. Niln jblhkhin! fgrb ijlhnhvzrivh nbciri hz. Vhvzbl dkl

vphrhz imirin zbrvboz $obrpi kbkiviin nbciri Incag Vitgn xinc obrsisivin

nbciri xinc jblgkrizhv! zhjik iovgaz! fgllgn ais! lblhahkh kirikzbrhvzhk

jin jipiz jhkgnzrga(! zbzip lbnmhsih xjhfhia. Vbjinckin vhvzbl dkl Brgpi

vbzhip uirhin nbciri dkl lgjbl. {Fgnzhnbnzia xinc obrsisivin fhuha ais

Jiail kbrincki fgrb vphrhz hnhaid! izi lgjbrn rglin ais! lblhahkh

lbnmijh iliz pbnzhnc kbobrijiin kirikzbrhvzhk ijlhnhvzrizhe. $Pdhahpv L.

kbkiviin xjhvhia xinc linjhrh! xinc Dijmgn! 983? = ?(. Hzaid vboionxi! oich

lilp lbncgnzrga vbfiri dkl vbzhip nbcirinbciri xinc lbncinz rbfdzvvziiz!

fioinc kbkiviin xinc iji. pbloizivin jin Pbnc,isivin xjhfhia

Pb r objiin in zi r i kgvbp zbrdijip zhnjikin lbaisin dkl gabd

/rbfdzvvziiz/ jbncin /rab ge ais/ pblbrhnzid! pbra jhabloicikin vbfiri

di kh k iz nx i di nx i lb nx in ck z gzgngl absiz pbrijhain ijlhnhvzrivh

kbobriji,in pbrijhain ijlhnhvzrivh nbciri. $Pdhahpv L. Dijmgn! 983? = 34(

nbciri. Piji kgvbp /rvfdzvvziie!

6. Nbciri Dkl Lbnrz RRJ#:2pbrijhain ijlhnhv,zrivh nbciri jhmijhkin

viaid viz nvr zili xinc obrjhrhVbmiain jbncin pbnbcivin

vbnjhrh zbrphvid jirh pbrijhain ll!pbrkbloincin kgnvbp nbciri dkl

vbjinckin piji kgnvbp /rab ge ais/ xinc vjid zhjik jhpbrvgiakin aich jirh



Nggr Zrhdivzzh ??5



vlobr hvzhaidnxi! Erhbjlin lbncb, Kgnvbp Nbciri lgjbl! hjbnzhk

lkikin! oidsi rbfdzvziiz ijiaid jbncin nbciri dkl xinc jblgkrizhv.pbloizivin kbkiviin nbciri gabd $Irhbe Ojhlin! 9855 = 6:( Jh vhz! iji

dkl! jin rbfdzvziiz ijiaid hjbnzhk pblhvidin izi pbloichin kbkiviin

jbncin zdb rab ge ais. $S. Erhbjlin! nbciri oihk grcin lipn encvh,lbnrz

9850 = :25( Jiail Pblokiin jin vkbli imirin zrhiv pgahzhfi. Hnhzhnxi ijiaid!

Oizinc Zod RRJ#:2! bkvpahvhz lipn lblegrliz kbkiviin nbciri xinc

hl pa hv hz jh l iz pb nc ik i n ji n jblgkrizhv! zhjik iovgaz! jin jipiz

pbrahnjncin dik ivivh linvhi jh jhkgnzrga viz vili aihnnxi $fdbfk inj

vbli ohjinc= Pgahzhk! Dkl! Vgvhia! oiainfbv(. $Irhbe Ojhlin! 9855! dhl. 62,

Bkgnglh! Kazria! jin Pbnjhjhkin. 65( Lblinc! zhjik iji viz nbciri pn

Oidkin jiail Pivia ?4,I vilpih ?4,M xinc lbncinz lzaik vkbli ivah zrhiv

zbaid jhliz ?3 kbzbnzin Dik Ivivh pgahzhfia hz. Niln jblhkhin! fgrb vphrhz

Linv hi ji ail RRJ#:2 pivfi imirin zbrvboz $obrpi kbkiviin nbciri

Ilinjblbn. xinc jblgkrizhv! zhjik iovgaz! jin jipiz

Kgnvbkbnvh vboicih nbciri jgkgnzrga(! zbzip lbnmhsih vbzhip uirhin

dkl! liki Hnjgnbv hi dirv nbciri dkl lgjbl. Jiail kbrincki

lblbcinc zbcd zhci prhnvhp jivir= $9(. fgrb vphrhz hnhaid! lbnmijh iliz pbnzhnc

Vprblivh dkl $vprblifx ge ais(! kbobrijiin kbkiviin xjhvhia xinc

$?(. kbvbziriin jh jbpin dkl $byiahzx linjhrh! xinc lilp lbncgnzrga vbfiri

obegrb zdb ais(! $6(. Pbnbcikin dkl dkl vbzhip fioinc kbkiviin xinc

jbncin firi,firi prgvbv dkl xinc iji.

ijha $jb prgfbv ge ais(. Zgohiv jin:. K b j j k i n P r b v hj b n j i n

Pbzbrvbn vbpbrzh jhkzhp _bkvgjhpzrgLidkilid Kgnvzhzvh Hnjgnbvhi

lbncizikin oidsi jb prgfbvv ge ais

lbrpikin /fgnvzhzzhgnia i cirinzx zdiz :.9. Ahnckp Kbkiviin Prbvhjbn _H

ng pbrvgn shaa ob jbprhubj ge aheb! ahobrzx gr Pivia : ilinjblbn RRJ 98:2 prgpbrzx egr rbivgnv zdiz irb irohzrirx ..

lbnxizikin= $9( Prbvhjbn _bpoahk prgzbfzv zdb fhzh}bn icihnzv irohzrirx

Hnjgnbvhi lblbcinc kbkiviinifzhgnv ge cgubrnlbnz/.



Nggr Zrhdivzzh ??3



pblbrhnzidin lbnrz Rnjinc, jbncin lbnpb rdiz hkin pbr ,

Rnjinc Jivir; $?( Jiail lbaikkin zhloincin Jbsin Pbrsikhainkbsimhoinnxi Prbvhjbn jhoinz gabd viz _ikxiz $Pivia 96(.

grinc Sikha Prbvhjbn. Prbvhjbn jin Sikha b. Lblobrh crivh jin rbdiohahzivh

Prbvhjbn lblbcinc mioizin vbaili ahli jbncin lblpbrdi zh kin pbr,

zidn! jin vbvjidnxi jipiz jhphahd zhloincin Lidkilid Icnc;

kbloiah jiail mioizin xinc vili! dinxi e. Lblobrh ilnbvzh jin iogahv h

nzk viz kiah livi mioizin. $Pivia 2! jbncin lblpbrdizh kin pbr,

Pivia 3 Ilinjblbn RRJ 98:2( zhloincin Jbsin Pbrsikhain

Sbsbninc jin Dik Prbvhjbn= _ikxiz; :2

i. Obrdik lbncimkin rinfincin c. Lblobrh cbair! zinji mivi! jin aihn,

njinc,njinc kbpiji Jbsin aihn zinji kbdgrlizin xinc jhizr

Pbrsikhain _ikxiz [Pivia 2 ixiz jbncin njinc,njinc. :5

$9( Ilinjblbn\. d. Prbvhjbn jiail lbloiz p,

o. Jbncin pbrvbzmin Jbsin brminmhin hnzblivhgnia aihnnxi xinc

Pbrsikhain _ikxiz lbnxizikin lbnhloakin ikhoiz xinc aiv jin

pbrinc! lbloiz pbrjilihin lbnjivir oich kb,dhjpin rikxiz

jin pbrminmhin jbncin nbciri aihn xinc zb rkih z jbncin oboin

[Pivia 99 ixiz! $9(\ kbincin nbciri! jin'izi

f. Lb lo bn z k v iz jb si n lbncdirvkin pbr,oidin izi

pbrzhloincin xinc obrzciv pblobnzkin njinc,njinc

lblobrhkin nivhdiz jin pbr, diriv jbncin pbrvbzmin Jbsin

zhloincin kbpiji Prbvhjbn! xinc Pbrsikhain _ikxiz [$Pivia 99 ixiz

vbainmznxi jhizr jiail njinc, $9(\.

njinc $Pivia 95(. h. Kbzbnzin abohd ainmz zbnzinc

j. Jiail dia lbncinckiz jzi! pbrminmhin hnzblivhgnia jhizr

Prbvhjbn lblpbrdizhkin pbr, jbncin njinc,njinc [Pivia 99zhloincin Jbsin Pbrsikhain ixiz $?(\.

_ikxiz . Prbvhjbn lbnbr hli Obrjivirkin ilinjblbn RRJ 98:2 jh

pbnblpizin jzi nbciri aihn iziv! piji jivilxi Prbvhjbn _H lblhahkh 2



Nggr Zrhdivzzh ??4



$ahli( ahnckp kbkiviinn pgkgk! xihz kin Pivia 5I ilinjblbn kbzhci RRJ 98:2!

kbkiviin = bkvbkz he ! a bc hv ai zh e! li ki v bf ir i pg a h z h v Pr bv hj bnjhpaglizhk! xjhkizhe! jin kgnzrikzia obrzinccncmkisio kbpiji _ikxiz izi

jbncin Nbciri aihn. Pblhahdnxi. Niln! oicihlinikid obnzk

Pbrvgiainnxi! kbpiji vhipi pbrzinccncmisioin zbrvboz 7 Zbrnxizi

izi abloici linikid Prbv hjbn ilinjblbn RRJ 98:2 zhjik lbncizlxi

lblpbrzinccnc misiokin pbaikvini, vbfiri zbciv! kbfiah lbnxinckz

in kbahli kbkiviin zbrvboz7 Vboicih pb ainccirin dk l vboici hlini

kgnvbkbnvh agchv jin jhinznxi vhvzbl jhlikvj Pivia 3I! Pivia 3 O jin Pivia

prbvhjbnvhia izi vhvzbl pblhahdin ?:F ixiz $?( ilinjblbn RRJ 98:2=

aincvnc Prbvhjbn jin Sikha PrbvhjbnPivia 3I

gabd rikxiz obrjivirkin Pivia 5I

Prbvhjbn jin'izi Sikha Prbvhjbn jipizilinjblbn kbzhci RRJ 98:2! liki

jhobrdbnzhkin jiail livi mioizinnxi gabdvbfiri pgahzhv Prbvhjbn obrzinccnc

Limbahv Pbrlvxisirizin _ikxiz iziv misio kbpiji _ikxiz izi Pblhahdnxi.

va Jbsin Pbrsikhain _ikxiz! oihkNiln! oicihlinikid obnzk pbr,

ipiohai zbrokzh zbaid lbaikkinzinccncmisioin zbrvboz 7 Zbrnxizi

pbainccirin dkl obrpi pbnckdhiniz,i l i n j b l b n R R J 9 8 : 2 z h j i k

in zbrdijip nbciri! kgrpvh! pbnxipin!lbncizrnxi vbfiri zbciv! kbfiah

zhnjik phjini obriz aihnnxi! izilbnxinckz pbainccirin dkl

pbroizin zbrfbai lipn ipiohai zbrokzhvboicihlini jhlikvj Pivia 3I! Pivia

zhjik aich lblbndh vxiriz vboicih3 O jin Pivia ?:F ixiz $?( ilinjblbn

Prbvhjbn jin'izi Sikha Prbvhjbn.RRJ 98:2=

Pbrvgiainnxi! kbpiji vhipi izi

Pivia 3Oabloici linikid Prbvhjbn lblpbr,

zinccnc misiokin pbaikviniin kbahli

9( Rva pblobrdbnzhin Prbvhjbn jin'izikbkiviin zbrvboz7 Vboicih kgnvbkbnvhSikha Prbvhjbn jipiz jhimkin gabdagchv jin jhinznxi vhvzbl prbvhjbnvhia

Jbsin Pbrsikhain _ikxiz kbpijiizi vhvzbl pblhahdin aincvnc Prbvhjbn

Limbahv Pbrlvxisirizin _ikxizjin Sikha Prbvhjbn gabd rikxiz obrjivir,



Nggr Zrhdivzzh ??8



dinxi jbncin zbr abohd jida xinc dijhr jiail vhjinc pirhprni

lbncim,kin pbrlhnziin kbpiji xinc jhdijh rh gabd vbkrinc,Lidkilid Kgnv z h zv h n zk krincnxi ?'6 jirh mlaid inccgzi

lblbrhkvi! lbncijhah! jin lblzv Jbsin Pbrsikhain _ikxiz.

pbnjipiz Jbsin Pbrsikhain _ikxiz :( Lidk il id K gnv z h zv h s i m h o

oidsi Prbvhjbn jiNizi Sikha lblbrhkvi! lbncijhah! jin lblzv

Prbvhjbn zbaid lbaikkin pbainccir, jbncin vbijha,ijhanxi zbrdijip

in dkl obrpi pbnckdhinizin pbnjipiz Jbsin Pbrsikhain _ikxiz

zbrdijip nbciri! kgrpvh! pbnxipin! zbrvboz piahnc aili vblohai

zhnjik phjini obriz aihnnxi! iziPivia 3I

pbroizin zbrfbai; jinaizi pbnjipiz

oidsi Prbvhjbn jin'izi Sikha Prbvhjbn jin'izi Sikha Prbvhjbn jipiz

Prbvhjbn zhjik aich lblbndh vxiriz jhobrdbnzhkin jiail livi mioizinnxi

vboicih Prbvhjbn jin'izi Sikha gabd Limbahv Pbrlvxisirizin _ikxiz

Prbvhjbn. iziv va Jbsin Pbrsikhain _ikxiz! oihk

?( Pbnjipiz Jbsin Pbrsikhain _ikxiz ipiohai zbrokzh zbaid lbaikkin

oidsi Prbvhjbn jin izi Sikha pbainccirin dkl obrpi pbnc,

Prbvhjbn zbaid lbaikkin pb, kdhinizin zbrdijip nbciri! kgrpvh!

ainccirin dkl zbrvboz izipn pbnxipin! zhnjik phjini obriz aihnnxi!

zbaid zhjik aich lblbndh vxiriz izi pbroizin zbrfbai lipn ipiohai

vboicih Prbvhjbn jiNizi Sikha zbrokzh zhjik aich lblbndh vxiriz

Prbvhjbn ijiaid jiail rincki vboicih Prbvhjbn jin'izi Sikha

pbaikviniin encvh pbncisivin Prbvhjbn.

Jbsin Pbrsikhain _ikxiz. Pivia 3O

6( Pbncimin pbrlhnziin Jbsin 9( Rva pblobrdbnzhin Prbvhjbn

P b r s i k h a i n _ i k x i z k b p i j i jin'izi Sikha Prbvhjbn jipiz

Lidkilid Kgnvzhzvh dinxi jipiz jhimkin gabd Jbsin Pbrsikhain

jh aikkin jbncin jkncin _ikxi z kbpiji Li mb a h v Pbr ,

vbkrinc,krincnxi ?'6 jirh mlaid lvxisirizin _ikxiz dinxi jbncin

inccgzi Jbsin Pbrsikhain _ikxiz zbr abo hd jida lbnc,i mkin



Nggr Zrhdivzzh ?60



pbrlhnziin kbpiji Lidkilid krincnxi ?'6 jirh mlaid inccgzi

Kg nv zh z vh n z k lb lb rh kv i! Jbsin Pbr,sikhain _ikxiz.lbncijhah! jin lblzv pbnjipiz :( Lidkilid Kgnvzhzvh simho lblbrhkvi!

Jbsin Pbrsikhain _ikxiz oidsi lbncijhah! jin lblzv jbncin vbijha,

Prbvhjbn jiNizi Sikha Prbvhjbn ijhanxi zbrdijip pbnjipiz Jbsin

zbaid lbaikkin pbainccirin dkl Pbrsikhain _ikxiz zbrvboz piahnc aili

obrpi pbnckdhinizin zbrdijip vblohain pad dij vbzbaid pbrlhnziin

nbciri! kgrpvh! pbnxipin! zhnjik Jbsin Pbrsikhain _ikxiz hz jhzbrhli

phjini obriz aihnnxi! izi pbroizin gabd Lidkilid Kgnvzhzvh.

zbrfbai; jinaizi pbnjipiz oidsi 2( Ip io ha i Lid ki li d Kgn vz hz v h

Prbvhjbn jin'izi Sikha Prbvhjbn lb lz v kin oi ds i Prb v hj bn

zhjik aich lblbndh vxiriz vboicih jin'izi Sikha Prbvhjbn zbrokzh

Prbvhjbn jin'izi Sikha Prbvhjbn. lbaikkin pbainccirin dkl

?( Pbnjipiz Jbsin Pbrsikhain _ikxiz obrpi pbnckdhinizin zbrdijip

oidsi Prbvhjbn jin izi Sikha nbciri! kgrpvh! pbnxipin! zhnjik

Prbvhjbn zbaid lbaikkin pbainccir, phjini obriz aihnnxi! izi pbroizin

,in dkl zbrvboz izipn zbaid zbrfbai; jin'izi zbrokzh oidsi

zhjik aich lblbndh vxiriz vboicih Prbvhjbn jin'izi Sikha Prbvhjbn

Prbvhjbn jiNizi Sikha Prbvhjbn zhjik aich lblbndh vxiriz vboicih

ijiaid jiail rincki pbaikviniin Prbvhjbn jin'izi Sikha Prbvhjbn!

ehhncvh pbncisivin Jbsin Pbrsikha, Jbsin Pbrsikhain _ikxiz lb,

in _ikxiz. nxbabnccirikin vhjinc pirhprni

6( Pbnci min pbr lhn ziin Jbs in nzk lbnbrvkin va pblobrdbnzh,

P b r s i k h a i n _ i k x i z k b p i j i in Prbvhjbn jin'izi Sikha Prbvhjbn

Lidkilid Kgnvzhzvh dinxi jipiz kbpiji Limbahv Pbrlvxisirizin

jhaikkin jbncin jkncin vb, _ikxiz.

krinc,krincnxi ?'6 jirh mlaid 5( Limbahv Pbrlvxisirizin _ikxiz

inccgzi Jbsin Pbr,sikhain _ikxiz simho lbnxbabnccirikin vhjinc nzk

xinc dijhr jiail vhjinc pirhprni lblzvkin va Jbsin Pbrsikhain

xinc jhdijhr h g abd vbkrinc, _ikxiz zbrvboz piahnc ailoiz zhci



Nggr Zrhdivzzh ?69



pad dirh vbmik Limbahv Pbr, kbpbnzhncin lbrbki kbpiji Prbvhjbn

lvxisirizin _ikxiz lbnbrhli va nzk lbrbkrz lbnzbrh,lbnzbrh jirh pirzihzbrvboz. lbrbki! jin'izi kbpbnzhncin Prbvjhbn

3( Kbpzvin Limbahv Pbrlvxisirizin vbnjhrh nzk lbncilinkin kbjjkin

_ikxiz iziv va pblobrdbnzhin jin kbohmikinnxi jirh pbncisivin JP_

Prbvhjbn jin'izi Sikha Prbvhjbn dirv $xinc zbrjhrh jirh obroicih Erikvh Pirzih

jhiloha jiail ripiz pirhprni Limbahv Pgahzhk(! liki lbnrz pbnjipiz pbnahv

Pbrlvxisirizin _ikxiz xinc jhdijhrh pbainc pbaikviniin pbncisivin JP_

gabd vbkrinc,krincnxi 6': jirh mlaid nzk lbaikvinikin vbfiri llh jin

inccgzi jin jhvbzmh gabd vbkrinc, kgnvbkbn Pivia 3I jin Pivia 3O RRJ

krincnxi ?'6 jirh mlaid inccgzi xinc 98:2! mci vinciz kbia. Jbncin kizi aihn!

dijhr! vbzbaid Prbvhjbn jin'izi Sikha kbji pivia zbrvboz piji zizirin ngrlizhe

Prbvhjbn jhobrh kbvblpizin lbnxilpih, lipn blphrh vnxi dinxi obrvheiz

kin pbnmbaivin jiail ripiz pirhprni nglhnia.

Limbahv Pbrlvxisirizin _ikxiz. Gabd kirbni hz! kb jbpin aixik

Obrjivirkin kbzbnzin jhiziv! jhz hnckizkin kbjjkin Lidkilid

mbaivaid pbrzinccncmisioin Prbvhjbn Kgnvzhzvh lbnmijh Pbrijhain Zizi Nbciri!

_bpoa hk Hnjgnbvhi! dinxi jipiz xinc zhjik dinxi lbnxbabvihkin liviaid

jhlhnzikin gabd JP_ jiail rincki mjhfhia rbuhbs! vbnckbzi kbsbnincin

lbaikvinikin kbsbnincin pbnc, inzir abloici Nbciri! Pblooirin

isivinnxi zbrdijip pbainccirin dkl Pirzih Pgahzhk! jin pbnxbabvihin Vbnckbzi

xinc jhaikkin gabd Prbvhjbn! jbncin Divh a Pblha hdin Rll; zbziph mci

zmin nzk lblobrdbnzhkin Prbvhjbn dbnj ik nx i lb nx inck z pb nh ai hi n

jin Sikha Prbvhjbn jirh Mioizinnxi! zbrdijip khnbyi Prbvhjbn jin Sikha

lbaia h lbkin hvlb vboicihlini Prbvhjbn.

jhlikvj Pivia 3I jin Pivia 3O:.?. Kbjjkin Lidkilid Kgnvzhzvh

ilinjblbn kbzhci RRJ 98:2.Kbjjkin Lidkilid Kgnvzhzvh Ikin zbziph! jbncin kgnvzbaivh

jhzbcivkin jiail Pivia ?: ixiz $?(pgahzhk kbpbnzhncin jirh obroicih pirzih

RRJ#:2! xiknh vboicih viaid vizpgahzhk xinc jipiz lbnjbvikkin



Nggr Zrhdivzzh ?6?



pbaikvini Kbkiviin Kbdikhlin jh $Pivia ?:,I ixiz $9( RRJ#:2! Pivia ?:,F

vilphnc Lidkilid Icnc :3. ixiz $9( RRJ#:2....(! vbvnccdnxi vbfiriLbloifi rlvin Pivia ?: ixiz $?(! hl pa h vh z lb nb zip kin kbj j k in

vboichin pbnciliz lbnhaih kbjjkin Lidkilid Kgnvzhzvh jiail vzrkzr

Lidkilid Kgnvzhzvh xinc jhrlvkin kbnbciriin. Vboicih abloici nbciri

jiail pivia zbrvboz! lblobrh kbvin $Pivia 9 ixiz $90( RRJ#:2( Lidkilid

obriji jh oisid Lidkilid Icnc. :4 Kgnvzhzvh lblhahkh kbjjkin xinc vili

Zbrabpiv jirh pbrvgiain /kbricin jbncin abloici nbciri xinc aihn!

lbloifi/ zbrvboz! pbnahv dbnjik zbrlivk LP_. Vbvih likni xinc

lbnc,kgnvbnzrivhkin pbloidivin piji zbrkinjnc jiail Pivia H zbrvboz! oidsi

oicihlini vbvnccdnxi kbjjkil kbjiaizin obriji jh zincin rikxiz jin

Lidkilid Kgnvzhzvh jiail RRJ#:2. jh aikvinikin lbnrz RRJ! liki

Mhki lbloifi vbfiri ngrlizhe obrvilivili abloici nbciri xinc aihn

Pivia ?: ixiz $?(! liki kbjjkin Lidkilid Kgnvzhzvh lblhahkh kbjjkin

Lidkilid Kgnvzhzvh vboicih pbaikvini xinc vbjbrimiz jbncin LP_. LP_ okin

kbkiviin kbdikhlin obriji vbmimir aich abloici zbrzhncch xinc lbncizivh

jbncin Lidk ilid Icnc. Firi abloici,abloici nbciri xinc aihn.

pbnblpizin Lidkilid Kgnvzhzvh Lbnxinckz kbjjkin Lidkilid

vbfiri piriaba jbncin Lidkilid Kgnv zhzvh jiail ohjinc xjh vhia!

Icnc! mbaiv lbnchkzh zrijhvh fhuha ais pbnievhrin vbfiri vhvzblizhv $jbncin

vxvzbl xinc lbabloicikin kbkiviin lbncihzkin Pivia ?: ixiz $?( jbncin

xjhvhia jiail ji zincin! xiknh piji Pivia ?:,I ixiz $9( RRJ#:2 jin Pivia ?:,

Lidkilid Icnc jin Lidkilid F ixiz $9( RRJ#:2(! mvzr lblpbrahdizkin

Kgnvzhzvh $Fgnvzhzzhgnia Fgrz(. oidsi Lidkilid Kgnvzhzvh lbncizivh

Lbnrz dbliz pbnahv! kb, oidkin lblhahkh kbjjkin abohd zhncch

jjkin Lidkilid Kgnvzhzvh zhjik ohvi jij Lidkilid Icnc.

jhkbzidh vbfiri zbpiz dinxi jbncin Kbjjkin Lidkilid Kgnvzhzvh

lbloifi Pivia ?: ixiz $?( RRJ#:2. lbncizivh Lidkilid Icnc! kirbni

Pivia,pivia lbncbnih kbabloiciin Lidkilid Kgnvzhzvh obrdik lblzv

nbciri $Pivia 9 ixiz $90( RRJ#:2(! dik vbnckbzi kbsbnincin inzir abloici

jin kbsbnincin Lidkilid Kgnvzhzvh nbciri! vbdhncci lbloki pbainc



Nggr Zrhdivzzh ?66



Li dk ili d Kgn vz h zvh lb nc ij h ah zbrohainc vinciz zbroiziv. Zhjik jhzblkin

Lidkilid Icnc! kdvvnxi jiail rhnf hin zciv xinc lbnfbrlhnkinpbrkiri mjhfhia rbuhbs. Kbsbnincin Lidkilid Kgnvzhzvh vboicih pbncisia

Lidkilid Kgnvzhzvh lbncmh lizbrha jin pbnmici kgnvzhzvh! vbpbrzh zciv

$mjhfhia rbuhbs( RR $Pivia ?:,F ixiz $9( lbnievhr kgnvzhzvh! lbncgnzrga kgnv,

RRJ#:2(! mci vbfiri hlpahvhz lbl, zhzvhgniahziv abloici nbciri! lbncgnzrga

pbrahdizkin kbjjkin Lidkilid ikzhuhziv pirablbn icir zbzip obriji piji

Kgnv zh z vh a boh d zh ncch jir hpiji miar kgnvzhzvh.

Lidkilid Icnc! kirbni Lidkilid Jh nbciri,nbciri aihn vbpbrzh

Icnc dinxi lblhahkh kbsbnincin Mbrlin! Pbrinfhv ! Liajgui! Ierhki

lbncmh lizbrha pbrizrin jh oisid RR Vbaizin! jin Zdihainj! Lidkilid

$Pivia ?:,I :0xiz $9 ( RRJ#:2 Kgnvzhzvh lblhahkh zciv xinc vinciz uhzia

ilinjblbn kbzhci(. lbnjivir! vbpbrzh hnzbrprbzivh kgnvzhzvh

$Mbrlin! Liajgui! Iehhki Vbaizin(! lbnhaih:.6. Zciv'Kbsimhoin Lidkilid

kgnvzhzvhgniahziv vbli pbrizrin jh air Kgnvzhzvh

kgnvzhzvh $Mbrlin! Liajgui! Iehhki

Zciv LK lbnrz RRJ#:2 Vbaizin! Zdihainj(! lblobrh pbnjipiz

ijiaid vboicih obrhkz= $9(. Lblobrh zb rdijip ilinjblbn kgnv z h zv h

pzvin iziv pbnjipiz JP_ lbncbnih $Liajgui(! lbncijhah pbainccirin dik

jciin pbainccirin gabd Prbvhjbn jivir $Mbrlin(! lbnbnzkin hnkgnv,

jin'izi Sikha Prbvhjbn lbnrz RRJ zhzvhgniahziv kbpzvin LI $Liajgui(!

$Pivia ?: F= $ixiz( ?(. $?(. Lblbrhkvi! lbnmilhn pbaikviniin rbebrbnjl

lbncijhah! jin lblzv pbnjipiz $Pbrinfhv(! lbnhaih kgnvzhzvhgniahziv

Jbsin Pbrsikhain _ikxiz oidsi zhnjikin pirablbn $Iehhki Vbaizin(! jin

Prbvhjbn jin'izi Sikha Prbvhjbn zhjik aihn vboicihnxi. Jiail kgnzbkv rbegrlivh!

aich lblbndh vxiriz vboicih Prbvhjbn zciv Lidkilid Kgnvzhzvh vbdirvnxi

izi Sikha Prbvhjbn $Pivia 3 O $ixiz( ?(. jhkihzkin jbncin prgvbv jblgkrizhvivh!Jhoinjhnckin jbncin kgnvbp hjbia zrinvpirinvh jin iknziohahziv abloici,

vbfiri zbgrbzhv! zilpik mbaiv oidsi abloici nbciri! vbrzi lbnmilhn

zciv Lidkilid Kgnvzhzvh ubrvh RRJ#:2 zbciknxi kgnvozvh.



Nggr Zrhdivzzh ?6:



:.:. Sbsbninc Lidkilid Kgnvzhzvh pgsbr( xinc lbnczilikin lbkinhvlb

i. Kbsbnincin Mjhfhia _buhbs fdbfkv inj oiainfbv xinc zbaid jhinz

RRJ#:2 divh a ilinjblbn! likiJhahdiz jirh aizir vbmiridnxi!

pblhvidin inziri lizbrh RR jin lizbrh jhkbsbnincin mjhfhia rbuhbs vbobnilxi

oisid RR zhjik vbdirvnxi jhaikkin.lbrpikin zhnjik ainmz jirh krhzhkin

Jblh zbrmilhnnxi kgnvzhzvhgniahzivzbrdijip Pivia 2 ixiz $9( Zip LP_

vbli pbrizrin pbr,njincin! lbvzhnxiNglgr HHH'LP_'?000 zbnzinc Vlobr

LK jhobrh kb,sbnincin cinji! xiknhDkl jin Zizi Rrzin Pbrizrin

vbaihn mjhfhia rbuhbs zbrdijip vbliPbrnjinc,njincin xinc lblobrh

pbrizrin jh air kgnvzhzvh zbrlivkkbsbnincin oich LP_ nzk lbncmh RRprgjk,prgjk LP_! mci kbsbnincin

zbrdijip RRJ jin Zip LP_ 2?.abchvaizhgn rbuhbs zbrdijip vbli

Kbsbnincin lh dinxi jhoizivh piji RR.rinfincin pbrizrin! oihk jiail obnzk

Vbaihn fizizin xinc zbaid kblkikin_RR lipn rinfincin pbrizrin aihn

piji pghn zbnzinc kbjjkin LK!xinc vbziri lipn jh oisidnxi! oidkin

pbnahv dbnjik lbniloidkin obobripizbrdijip lizbrh ilinjblbn RRJ.

fizizin ziloidin zbnzinc kbsbnincinJbncin kbsbnincin lh! obobripi

mjhfhia rbuhbs.lineiiz jipiz jhrihd vbkiahcv=

Pbrzili! vahz jhpidilh lbncipi³Jhlnck hnkin zb rf h p zinxi

kbsbnincin mjhfhia rbu hbs xincd i r l g n h v i v h d k l o i h k

jhobrhkin kbpiji LK dinxi zbroizivlbnxinckz lizin lipn

piji RR. Pblhvidin kbsbnincin mhsinxi.

mjhfhia rbuhbs zbrdijip pbrizrin³Lbnfbcid zb r mij hnxi pbr ,

pbrnjincin jh air kgnvzhzvh inziri LIzbnzincin vovzinzhe inziri

$nzk pbrizrin jh oisid RR( jin LKpbrizrin jh oisid RR xinc

$nzk RR(! zbrkbvin krinc jhjivirkinjhrbuhbs gabd LI jbncin RR xinc

iziv pbnjiailin kgnvbpzia lbncbnih jhrbuhbs gabd LK.kgnvbpvh kglprbdbnvhe dik mh hz vbnjhrh.

³Jbncin lbnxbridkin mjhfhiaJiail vhvzbl pblhvidin kbkiviin

r b u h b s v b l i p b r i z r i n$egrlia inj dgrh}gnzia vbpirizhgn ge

pbrnjincin kbpiji LK! liki



Nggr Zrhdivzzh ?62



L I a b o h d j i p i z l b n c , kbsbnincin inzirabloici jh jibrid

kgvbnzrivhkin jhj piji pb, xinc lbnxinckz pbrnjinc,njincinnincinin pbrvgiain kbijhain jin jh oisi RR lbnmijh kbsbnincin

kbzhjikijhain oich sirci nbciri! Lidkilid Icnc. Vbjinckin ohai

vbjinckin LK lbnmilhn kgnv, vbnckbzi hz lbnxinckz kbpzvin

zhzvhgniahziv kbvbardin pbr, ijlhnhvzrizhe pbmioiz abloici nbciri!

izrin pbrnjincin. liki zbrlivk xrhvjhkvh Pbrijhain Zizi

³Pbncilohaiahdin kbsbnincin Rvidi Nbciri.

zb rv bo z ga bd LK ! ji pi z Zilpik oidsi kbsbnincin

lbncrinch oboin LI jiail Lidkilid Kgnv zh zvh lbni ncin h

lbnincin h p brki ri ,pbrki ri vbnckbzi inzir abloici nbciri! livhd

kgnubnvhgnia. zbrohainc iliz zbroiziv jin pgzbnvha

Kbji! vahz pai jhpidilh lbnhloakin liviaid. Kbsbnincin LK

lbncipi dik mjhfhia rbuhbs LK obrvheiz Hnjgnbjhi zhjik lbnmincki vbnckbzi

pivhe . Vboicih pbnmici jin pbncisia xinc lbahoizkin abloici jh jibrid

kgnvzhzvh! lbvzhnxi dik zbrvboz obrvheiz jbncin abloici jh pviz! vbnckbzi inzir

ikzhe vbdhncci LK lblhahkh kbsbnincin abloici jh jibrid! inziri jibrid jbncin

prgikzhe jin obrpbrin lbnfirh pbrizrin pviz! vbrzi pbrvbahvhdin inziri jibrid

xinc jhinccip obrzbnzincin jbncin viz jbncin jibrid xinc aihn. Dia

kgnvzhzvh. zbrvboz lbnmijh krvhia nzk jhzincinh

gabd LK! kirbni pbaikviin gzgnglho. Lbnincinh Vbnckbzi Kbsbnincin

jibrid viiz hnh lblnckhnkin zbrmijhnxiInzir Abloici Nbciri.

kgneahk zbrvboz jh iziv,xinc vbfiri

Kbsbnincin LK lbncijhah jin aincvnc lipn zhjik aincvnc jipiz

lblzv vbnckbzi inzir,abloici lbncinfil hnzbcrivh nbciri jin oincvi.

nbciri! ijiaid abloici nbciri xinc

f. Kbsbnincin Pblooirin Pirzihjhobrhkin $jhfinzlkin( kbsbnincinnxiPgahzhkjiail RRJ#:2! xiknh LP_! JP_!

Prbvhjbn! LI! OPK! Kglhvh Xjhvhia! jinKbsbnincin LK lbncijhah jin

Kglhvh Pblhahdin Rll. Vbnckbzilblzvkin pblooirin Pirzih Pgahzhk!



Nggr Zrhdivzzh ?65



jiail pbaikviniinnxi zbnz obr, lblbahdiri pbrvidioizin jbncin nbciri

pbjglin piji RR Ng.....Vboid Pirpga aihn jiail rincki hkz lblba hdirijipiz jhooirkin gabd LK! mhki $9(. kbzbrzhoin jin pbrjilihin jnhi. Vinkvh

Pbncrv Pirpga lbnccnikin pirzihnxi xinc jipiz jhmizdkin iziv pbainccirin jh

nzk lbaikkin kbchizin lbncinz! iziv! ijiaid vinkvh ijlhnhvzrizhe obrpi

lbncbloinckin! jin lbnxboirkin pblobkin piahnc aili 9 zidn.

imirin izi pidil kglnhvlb'j. Kbsbnincin Lblzv Pbrvbahvhdin

lirthvlb,abnhnhvlb! $?(. JhznzzDivha Pblha

obrjivirkin RR Ng. ?3 Zidn 9888

Lidkilid Kgnvzhzvh jhobrhzbnzinc pbroidin KRDPhjini xinc

kbsbnincin gabd RRJ lblzvobrkihzin jbncin kbmidizin zbrdijip

pbrvbahvhdin divha pblhahdin ll.kbilinin nbciri.

Pzvin divha pblhahdin ll gabd KPRLbncbnih pbainccirin aihn xinc

ijiaid pzvin zizi vidi nbciri.jhaikkin gabd vboid Pirpga! jhpbrhkvi

Kbpzvin KPR zbnzinc divha pblhahdingabd Pbrijhain Pbrkiri Pirpga! xihz

ll zhjik jipiz jhcciz jh pbrijhain zizijhvbabvihkin jh Pbncijhain Nbcbrh

vidi nbciri! zbziph jipiz jhcciz jhvboicih pzvin zhnckiz pbrzili jin

pbrijhain Lidkilid Kgnvzhzvh. Vbfirizbrikdhr! jin dinxi jipiz jhimkin kivivh

zbknhv! iji obobripi liviaid lb,kb LI. Prgvbv jh Pbncijhain Nbcbrh

nxinckz kbsbnincin hnh! xiknh $9(.piahnc aili 50 dij! jin kivivh piahnc

Ipikid vbnckbzi Pblha xinc jhlikvjaili 60 dirh. Pbainccirin Pirpga xinc

lbahpzh divha ikdhr vbfiri nivhgnia!jipiz jhimkin kb Pbrijhain Pbrkiri

izikid mci agkia. $?(. Oizivin vbnckbziPirpga jh Pbncijhain Nbcbrh! ijiaid= $9(.

divha Pblha xinc jipiz jhprgvbv gabdLbaikkin kbchizin xinc obrzbnzincin

Lidkilid Kgnvzhzvh! ipikid zbrlivkjbncin RRJ#:2 izi pbrizrin pbr,

vbnckbzi xinc zbrmijh jh zhnckiz ZPV.njincin aihnnxi. $?(. Lbaikkin

Kbdijhrin Lidkilid Kgnvzhzvhkbchizin xinc lbloidixikin kbzdinjiail vhvzbl kbzizinbciriin HnjgnbvhiNbciri Kbvizin _H. $6(. Lbaikkin

vbzbaid ilinjblbn RRJ#:2! vbobzanxikbchizin xinc obrzbnzincin jbncin

lbloisi diripin oir jiail lb,kbohmikin pblbrhnzid nbciri jiail



Nggr Zrhdivzzh ?63



smjkin fdbfk inj oiainfbv! vbrzi jbncin kbobrijiin dkl ijiz xinc

kbd hjpin jblgkrivh xinc abo hd jbkiz jbncin Fgllgn Ais! lbloizlblhdik piji kbpbnzhncin poahk jiail vhvzbl dkl Hnjgnbvhi zhjik lbncbnia

kbzizi,nbciriin Hnjgnbvhi. Niln iviv /RR zhjik jipiz jhcincc,cciz/. $?(.

jblhkhin! zbrjipiz pbaoicih pbrvgiain Vhvzbl RRJ :2 zhjik dinxi lbncbnia

xinc fkp lbnccinmia! oihk piji kgnvzhzvh zbrzahv zbziph mci lbncbnia

kbjjkin! kbsbnincin! lipn kgnubnvh. Jbncin jblhkhin! vbaihn zhjik

kbsimhoin Lidkilid Kgnvzhzvh xinc lbncbnia iviv /RR zhjik jipiz jhcincc,

mvzr jipiz lbrbjkvh lineiiz jin cciz/! zbziph RRJ :2 zhjik lbairinc

encvhnxi pgkgknxi jiail kgnzbkv dikhl pbncijhain ohivi lbaikkin mjhfhia

kbzizinbciriin jin kgnvzhzvh Hnjgnbvhi. rbuhbs ge abchvaizhgn. $I.V.V Zilonin!

Piji oio UH kirxi hnh ikin jhimkin ?006! dhl. 90(

cicivin iazblizhe zbnzinc kbjjkin! Iji obobripi kbobrizin xinc

zciv! jin sbsbninc Lidkilid jipiz jhimkin zbrdijip irclbnzivh jh

Kgnvzhzvh xinc fglpizhoab izi iziv. Pbrzili! cicivin zbnzinc LK

bkhuiabn jbncin znzzin fhzi dkl lbrpikin oid divha ilinjblbn kb,6

jin cicivin ngrlizhe nbciri dkl jirh RRJ :2 xinc abohd fgnjgnc piji

Hnjgnbvhi xinc jhznzz gabd kgnvzhzvh. pblhkhrin Zrhiv Pgahzhfg Lgnzbvyhb!

xiknh fdbfk inj oiainfbv. RRJ :2 divha2. Vhcnhehkinvh LK jiail Kgnzbkv

ilinjblbn zhjik lbnchkzh zrijhvh BrgpiNbciri Dkl

Kaivhk sirhvin Xninh xinc lb,

Lbncbnih pbra zhjiknxi LK jh nblpizkin abloici abchvaivh jin prgjk,

Hnjgnbvhi! zhjik iji kbvizin pbnjipiz. prgjknxi vboicih pgrgv nbciri rbpoahk.

Lbvkh oinxik xinc lbnjknc! niln Kbji! eikzia nbciri,nbciri

iji pai xinc lblinjinc vboiahknxi. Brgpi Fgnzhnbnzia jbncin vhvzbl fhuha ais!

Pblhkhrin vbpbrzh hnh! lhvianxi jhimkin vjid lbncijgpvh pbrkbloincin oir

gabd I.V.V. Zilonin. $I.V.V Zilonin! ioij kb,94! jh lini kbjjkin abloici?006( Iji ji irclbnzivh hnzh xinc xjhkizhe lbnmijh vbhloinc jbncin

jhimkin= $9(. Lbvkh Hnjgnbvhi zbrcgagnc kbjjkin abloici abchvaizhe jin

jiail mimirin Fhuha Ais Vxvzbl! niln bkvbkzhe. Oidkin jiail obobripi dia!



Nggr Zrhdivzzh ?64



kbjjkin xjhkizhe abohd vpbrhgr jij sirhvin Xninh! zbziph mci iviv /RR zhjik

xinc aihn. Pbrinin xjhkizhe lbnmijh jipiz jhcincc cciz/ dinxi obraik oich

virini nzk lbncgnzrga abloici, pbrijhain ohivi! okin oich lidkilid

abloici xinc aihn! jiail obnzk= $9(. kgnvzhzvh.

Lbnckimh ipikid RR divha abchvaizhe vbvih Kbblpiz! kgnjhvh pbrnjinc,

izi zhjik jbncin kgnvzhzvh $mjhfhia njincin jh Hnjgnbvhi xinc lixgrhziv

rbuhbs ge zdb fgnvzhzzhgniahzx ge zhjik lz! lbncdbnjikh ijinxi abloici

abchvaizhgn( 23! $?(. Oijin,oijin kdvv xinc jipiz lbaikkin #kgrbkvh#

pbrijh ain obrdik lbncisiv h jin zbrdijip lizbj pbrnjinc,njincin

lbncgnzrga kbchizin pblbrhnzidin xinc jhlikvj. Iviv,iviv kaivhk vbpbrzh RR

jhaikkin gabd oijin bkvbkzhe ipikid oizin abchvaizhe zhjik jipiz jhcincc,

vbvih jbncin ainjivin dkrnnxi! $6(. cciz! ai ogfdb jb ai agzv $dikhl

Piji obobripi nbciri! abloici lbrpikin laz RR(! zciv vbgrinc

xjhkiz he obrz hnjik vboicih iroh zbr dikhl dinxi lbnbripkin RR xinc jhoiz

$pbnbncid( ipiohai zbrmijh kgneahk xrhjhv gabd abloici abchvaizhe! jin yh abv mcbv

inziri abloici,abloici nbciri vhubnz ai abzzrb jb ai aghv $piri dikhl dirv

lbncbnih sbsbninc encvhgnia livhnc, lbnrzh vbfiri direhid ipi kizi RR(. $C.M

livhnc. Pbrnjinc,njincin lbncbnih Shirji! Jhb Zxpbn uin _bfdzvuhnjhnc!

vhvzbl pbrijhain jh Hnjgnbvhi! jin mci ]sgaab! 9840! dhl. 99( zhjik ohvi

RRJ divha ilinjblbn vjid obriji jhinjiakin nzk lbncbagai Hnjgnbvhi

jiail miar xinc oir zbrvboz xinc vbjinc lbloincn.

Kbzhci! cicivin mjhfhia rbuhbs ge Dirv jhkizikin jh vhnh oidsi

abchvaizhgn xinc obrlai jh jirizin Brgpi kiznxi firi obrphkhr abciahvlb vbaili hnh!

Kgnzhnbnzia! vbobnilxi lbrpikin lbnmijh viaid viz pbnxboio zili

viz vidi nzk lbnchloinch kbalpdin dkl jh nbcbrh hnh.

vpbrhgrh ziv kbkiviin abchvaizh e. Kbzik obrjix iin dkl lbnmbr iz

Dijhrnxi lidikild kgnvzhzvh izipn obricil pbainccirin jiail kilpinxboijin kgnvzhzvh jh nbciri,nbciri Phaprbv xinc oir aia! lbrpikin okzh

zbrvboz! okin vimi obrlikni lb, lzikdhr pbnxikhz abciahvlb jh zinid

nhncciakin pblhkhrin kaivhk Brgpi nbcbrh. Obroicih prikzhk kbfrincin



Nggr Zrhdivzzh ?68



jhaikkin obchz zbainminc! ziph vbli hz izrin mijh /obrdiai! kbohjpin mijh kik!

zhjik ohvi jhzhnjik dinxi ainzirin rbjikvh kbnxiziin xinc kixi ninvi jhahdiz pikihizi zbkv pbrizrin zhjik lbnxboz /kifilizi kji/! kbobnirin jin kbijhain

vbfiri bkvpah vh z nvr,nvr jirh dinxi lbnmijh pbrvgiain abcia,zhjik abcia!

pbnxhlpincin xinc zbrmijh. Iadivha! ifiri kbirhein jin ikia vbdiz zbrjgrgnc kb

/zbl kijbr jin vhlpizhvin/ izi obaikinc. Hzaid abciahvlb. Vboid

pbnxbridin /vloincin prbvhjbn/ xinc vblinciz xinc fgzb yb fgzb!

obchz chiz jhaikkin piri Fiprbv zhjik lbnzdin pbrizrin. Iahrin hnh lb,

ohvi jhzhnjik vboicih pbainccirin kirbni lizrhkin izrin vboicih zblpiz viz

zbkv jin rbjikvh pbrizrin zhjik viznxi oich dikhl jiail lbncijhah. Dil

lbnxboz kbchizin vbpbrzh hz vboicih lbnmijh fgrgnc sbz. Dikhl dinxi ogabd

kbchizin kilpinxb. lbnbripkin RR vbfiri lbkinhv)

Khzi lbnxikvhkin jh vhz! ipiriz Liki mirinc pai khzi zblkin ipiriz

vbgaid lbnmijh rgogz! obchz lbkinhvzhv d k l xi nc li lp ji n ob ri nh

jin dhzil,pzhd lbahdiz pbrvgiain. Zbkv lb aikkin zb rgogvin lbnblkin

jin rbjikvh izrin vbgaid obchz jhcjixi kbijhain jin kbobnirin absiz pbnievhrin

lblobabncc kbirhein jin ikia vbdiz. dkl xinc krbizhe. Prhnvhp bphkbhi

Nxirhv zhjik iji kbobrinhin lbaikkin Irhvzgzbabv! izipn byhzxnxi Paizg xinc

vbviz jh air zbkv jin rbjikvhgnia encvhnxi lbnmbloizinh cip inziri

izrin. kbpivzhin jin kbijhain! khin vhli jirh

Hnzh jirh kblifbzin hz ijiaid! ikzhuhziv pbnbcikin dkl.

kbfbnjbrncin lbn mij hkin iz rin Rnzk jhkbzidh! jgkzrhn,jgkzrhn

vboicih zmin jiail jhrhnxi vbnjhrh. dkl vbpbrzh abciahvlb! pgvhzhuhvlb

Kbmmrin jin kbirhein jiail lbn, dkl izi Hjbbnmrhvprjbn}! jin

miainkin dkl! zbrjgrgnc kb obaikinc. rbfd zvjgcliz hbk izi ini ax z h fi a

Ikhoiznxi! kbpbkiin! blpizh! vbrzi mr hvprjbnfb dinxi lbrpikin

jbjhkivh lbncdijhrkin kbijhain jin lbrpikin oichin kbfha jij vbkhin

kbobnirin lbnmijh khin rbjp jin vixp, zgn cci k pblhkh rin dk l jia il

vixp jh pgmgk xinc piahnc mid. pbrijioin linvhi. Jh vilphnc jgkzrhn

Ipi vboio7 Vbkiah aich! pbnxikhz jgkzrhn zbrvboz! grinc mci livhd

abciahvlb. Abciahvlb! lbnxboiokin obrohfiri zbnzinc nglgv jin kbijhain



Nggr Zrhdivzzh ?:0



$}ilin kaivhk(! Erbz _bfdzvabdrb jin jhzbnzkin gabd kblilpinnxi nzk

D h v zg r h v l $ i s i a i o i j k b , ? 0 ( ! lbnciojh piji kbvbmidzbriin linvhi.Hnzbribvvbnmrhvprjbn}! Vgfhgagchfia Iahrin,iahrin zbrvboz! lblinc

Mrhvprjbnfb! jin _biahvzhf Mrhv, lbncinjiakin pblbrhkviin xinc fbrliz

prjbnfb $ioij kb ?0(! vbrzi Dkl jin vbrhv iziv kbpbnzhncin,kbpbnzhncin

_bvpgnvhejii Dkl Prgcrbvhe$bri xinc jhpbrzirdkin jiail viz kivv

kgnzblpgrbr(. kgnkrbz,obrhkz kgnzbkvnxi xinc rbabuin.

_bfdzvjgclizhbk xinc livhd Kbljhin jbncin lbnhloinc ogogz

jhinz kiz jiail jnhi dkl jh kbpbnzhncin xinc jhinccip abohd zili!

Hnjgnbvhi! lbrpikin viaid viz zhpb jhilohaaid kbpzvin xinc lbnjknc

vimi jirh vbkhin ricil pblhkhrin zbnzinc kbpbnzhncin xinc abohd zili zbrvboz.

dkl. ai lbrpikin fhrh pblhkhrin zhphkia Vbkiahin iahrin zbrvboz zbciv,

ioij kb,98 jh lini pbncicncin zbciv lbngaik pbrzhloincin xrhjhv xinc

gzgnglh hnjhuhj! rivhgniahvlb,jiahvzhv! abciahvzhk xinc jhaikkin vbfiri pivinc

jin nizhgn vzizb vbjinc obrkhoir. Oidsi mirik jin hn iovzrifz! ai zhjik lblaih

#egvha# ioij kb,98 hz livhd kgkgd,zd pblbrhkviin jij oincnin pbrizrin

jhilhnh kglnhziv dkl jin ikijblh, vbfiri dhzil,pzhd! lbaihnkin jij kgnzbkv

kv jh nbcbrh xinc vbjinc lbloincn jin kivv kdvv jh air nirivh zbkvzia

jin vbjinc lbncdijiph kbijiin vbroi izrin hz vbnjhrh. Vboio kbijhain zhjik

jirriz vbpbrzh Hnjgnbvhi! lblinc ohvi vbfiri aincvnc jhzblkin absiz

jhirivikin fkp lbnccincc. prgvbv agchv,egrlia. Kbijhain mvzr

Obro bji jbncin kbag lpgk jhpbrgabd absiz hnzhvh. Kirbninxi!

jgkzrhn xinc pgvhzhe,abciahvzhv! liki Erbh irclbn,irclbn agchv,egrlia /jhfirh/

_bfdzvabdrb! Hnzbrbvvbnmrhvprjbn}! vbvjid kbijhain jhzblkin nzk

Dkl _bvpgnvhe! izipn Dkl lblohnc kih vbfi ri xrhjh v,e grlia

Prgcrbvhe zbrcgagnc pblhkhrin dkl kbpzvin xinc jhxikhnh ijha zbrvboz.

xinc abohd zbabgagchv jin kgnzbkvzia Erbh _bfdzvabdrb! Hnzbrbvvbn,

vbpbrzh. Oich iahrin,iahrin hnh! dkl hz mrhvprjbn}! Dkl _bvpgnvhe! izipn

okin lbrpikin hnvzhzvh xinc abpiv Dkl Prgcrbvh e! zhjik vbkia h,kiah

jirh kbpbnzhncin linvhi. Lz dkl! lbniehkin pbrizrin. Lbvkh obchz! iahrin,



Nggr Zrhdivzzh ?:9



iahrin zbrvboz zhjik vbpbrzh abciahvlb jin ngrl( jirh piji zbkv izrin $abt! sbz! rab(

rb fd zv jg cl iz hb k xi nc lb rn iz gk jiail lbloifi dkl. Kihjid hz ijiaidpbrizrin jgkzrhn vboicih dirci lizh. likni vphrhzia! rgd. Vbjinckin zbkv

Zhjik mci vbpbrzh iniaxzhfia mrhvprjbnfb izrin ijiaid pbnbrmblidin kb jiail

xinc dinxi obrkziz piji prgvbv kizi,kizi jin kiahliz. Dkl lblpnxih

agchvegrlia. Oihk Erbh _bfdzvabdrb zmin. Hzaid xinc diriv jhrbeabkvh abohd

lipn Hnzbrbvvbnmrhvprjbn}! Dkl ainmz! Zbrkijinc rgd jin zmin hz!

_bvpgnvhe ! jin Dkl Prgcrbvh e! fbnjbrnc dhainc jh zbncid rhloi kiahliz

obrvidi lbngaik kbijiin vzizv yg kiahliz! pivia,pivia.

linikiai kbijiin zb rvboz lb, Agchki pbrizrin! dinxi via id

nhloakin jbkijbnvh! vivini kgrp! viz vimi! jin xinc piahnc vbjbrdini

jin vblinciz lbrchkin kbpbnzhncin jiail lbloifi dkl. Livhd iji agchki

linvhi. Jiail iahrin,iahrin hz! lbabkiz aihn xinc pbra jhlivkkin linikiai

vblinciz /pbraisinin/ jin /pbl, jhhnchnkin nzk lbloifi dkl jbncin

obrgnzikin/ nzk lbncikdhrh kbalpd, abohd oihk! xihz agchki kbpizzin vgvhia

in dkl lbaiah ikvh krbizhe jin hnguizhe $vgfhia rbivgnioabnbvv( jin agchki

piri pbaik dkl. Piri pbaik dkl kbijhain. Agchki hnh zhjik ohvi vbcbri

jipiz lbaikkin pbr,oidin jbncin jhzblkin jbncin lbloifi pbrizrin!

lbaikkin pblikniin xinc krbizhe zbziph jhozdkin viz pbrbnncin jin

zbrdijip pbrizrin xinc iji! zinpi pblikniin abohd jiail zbrdijip ipi

dirv lbnncc pbroidin pb,izrin xinc jhoifi hz.

$fdinchnc zdb ais(. Pbrizrin xinc ork! Lbloifi kihjid! okin pbr,

zhjik dirv lbnmijh pbncdiainc oich piri izrin! ijiaid pbjglin xinc iliz oihk

pbaik dkl xinc prgcrbvhe nzk jiail pbnbcikin dkl. Lbloifi

lbncdijhrkin kbijhain nzk rikxiz jin kihjid ijiaid lbnxbail kb jiail rgd jin

pbnfirh kbijhain! kirbni lbrbki jipiz zmin dkl. Hnh lblozdkin pb,

lbaikkin hnzbrprbzivh vbfiri oir vbzhip rbnncin. Lbvkh kiahliz,kiahliz ohzil,kiah zbrdijip viz pbrizrin. pzhd! xinc nilinxi pbrizrin! vjid

Kbaglpgk zbgrh xinc prgcrbvhe hz jhoifi! khzi zbzip lbrbnnckin zbnzinc

abohd lbnbkinkin kihjid $hv! rbfdz! ipi likni abohd jiail kiahliz,kiahliz hz.



Nggr Zrhdivzzh ?:?



Jh lini abzik rgdnxi! kbijhainnxi. Firi fgnzbtzv! inj njbrzikbv zg hjbnzhex

lbloifi xinc lbnjiail vbpbrzh hnh! zdb uiabv iz vzikb hn

mbaiv zhjik obrzgaik jirh zbkv ziph jirh prgfbjria prgzbfzhgn /.

kgnzbkv. Kbaglpgk iahrin xinc prgcrbvhe! Ipi xinc jhphkhrkin gabd Ngnbz

obrinckiz jirh zhzhk hnh. jin Vba}nhfk vbobzanxi hnchn lbncrhzhk

Vblinciz prgcrbvhe hz vblizi, lgjba iniahzhfia mrhvprjbnfb izi

lizi gabd kirbni Erbh _bfdzvabdrb! rbfdzvjgclizhbk xinc dinxi obrkziz jh

Hnzbrbvvbnmrhvprjbn}! Dkl _bv, jiail vhvzbl izrin dkl pgvhzhe 56!

pgnvhe! jin Dkl Prgcrbvhe! lbahdiz lgjba xinc lbrbki vboz jbncin zhpb

dkl okin vboicih zmin piji jhrhnxi dkl gzgngl. Dkl rbvpgnvh e!

vbnjhrh! lbaihnkin nzk zmin xinc vboiahknxi! jhpinjinc vboicih eivhahzizgr

obriji jh air jhrhnxi. Gabd kirbni hz! rbvpgnv izi virini zinccipin zbrdijip

kbaglpgk iahrin xinc prgcrbvhe hz kbozdin jin ivphrivh vgvhia. Hzaid

lbnhncciakin zrijhvh iniahzhfia mrhv, vboionxi! dkl rbvpgnvhe lbrpikin

prjbnfb izi rbfdzvjgclizhbk xinc prgcril jirh vgfhgagchfia mrhvprjbnfb

dinxi lbahdiz kb jiail dkl jin jin rbiahvz mrhvprjbnfb 5:. Ji iahrin

lbnxhokkin jhrh jbncin lblohfirikin zb rvboz ! lblinc jhkb rinckikin

jin lbaikkin iniahvhv kb jiail 28! vboicih vboid vbrin nzk kimhin

vblbnziri jnhi jh air! vbpbrzh linvhi! dkl xinc abohd blphrhk,pbraivin

livxirikiz! kbvbmidzbriin! jhzbphv kb pbncbzidin dkl! jin pbrin kbohmikin

air 50. Lblhnmil hvzhaid Ngnbz,Vba}nhfk! jiail pzvin dkl 52. Jiail

kbaglpgk iahrin xinc prgcrbvhe zbrvboz vgfhgagchfia mrhvprjbnfb jin abcia

lblhahkh prhgrhziv /zdb vgubrbhcnhzx ge rbiahvl! pblidilin grinc lbncbnih

prpgvbh 59. Abohd ainmz Ngnbz jin dkl lbailpih pbrizrin izi zbkv,

Vba}nhfk lbncizikin! zbkv jgklbn jin /aggkhnc zgsirjv/

/...Zdv i jhvzhnfzhub ebizrb ge prgvbv! divha! ikhoiz! jin lineiiz jirh

rbvpgnvhub ais hv zdb vbirfd ge hlpahfhz dkl hz $Aho jiail Zdbg Dhmobrv! 984?uiabv hnrabv inj pgahfhbv ...i lgrb = 940(

eabthoab hnzbrprbzizhgn zdiz vbbv rabv Pbrdizhin piji zmin jin ikhoiz

iv ognj zg vpbfhehf prgoablv inj jirh dkl zbrvboz! lblpbrahdizkin



Nggr Zrhdivzzh ?:6



viz firi pinjinc bzhv xinc jiail zbnzinc ipi xinc obnir jin ipi xinc

bzhki jhvboz bzhki zbabgagchv. Firi viaid.obrphkhr zbabgagchv hnh okin zhjik Firi obrphkhr vbpbrzh hnh lblinc

lbncifdkin dkl. Ziph! hz okin iji lineiiznxi. ai lblobrh pbcincin

krin zbrikdhr. Xinc abohd pbnzhnc hiaid bzhv jbncin zbciv jin mbaiv. Grinc zhjik

zmin jin ikhoiz. Vboio hz! pbrzinxiin pbra ohncnc zbnzinc ipi xinc obnir jin

vbnzria jiail bzhki zbabgagchv! hiaid= ipi xinc viaid! ivia vimi dklnxi mbaiv.

/ipikid viz zhnjikin hz obrzgaik jirh Ziph mvzr jiail dia xinc zbrikdhr hnhaid

zmin xinc oihk7 Jin ipikid zhnjikin khzi lbncdijiph kbvahzin. Kbdhjpin

xinc zminnxi oihk hz! mci obrikhoiz linvhi hz obchz kglpabkv jin obchz

oihk7 Firi obrphkhr zbabgagchv! gabd jhnilhvnxi! vbdhncci dilphr lvzidha

kirbninxi zhjik obrphk hr lbnrz lblpnxih dkl xinc mbaiv oich vbzhip

kizbcgrh /obnir/ jin /viaid/! ziph kblnckhnin.

lbnrz kizbcgrh /oihk/ jin /midiz/. Lnckhn ikin vbjhkhz zbroinz!

Obzipipn obzipipn /obnir/,nxi! vbinjidhxi pbrizrin hz jhpbrhnfh aich

kiai jhaikkin jbncin zmin midiz! vbjblhkhin rpi! vbdhncci hi jipiz

ipiaich obrikhoiz ork! liki hi /midiz/. lbnmisio vbli kblnckhnin. Vgavh hnh

Firi obrphkhr zbabgagchv obr, lblinc agchv! ziph dilphr lvzidha

vbobrincin jbncin firi obrphkhr zbrmijh. Vbaihn dkl obroid lbnmijh

jbgnzgagchv. Firi obrphkhr xinc jhvboz kivhvzrh,viz jiezir pinminc zbnzinc ipi

zbrikdhr hnh lbnxbrpih agchki iniahzhfia xinc ogabd jin ipi xinc jhairinc! zbziph

mrhvprjbnfb izi rbfdzvjgclizhbk jh mci jiezir vbpbrzh hz zhjik lnckhn jipiz

ohjinc dkl. Jbgnzgagchv ijiaid firi jh kbr mi ki n jbn cin abnc kip jin

obrphkhr bzhv xinc lbnjivirkin jhrh piji vblpli. Bkvbv aihn ijiaid! dkl

dkl! prhnvhp! izi ngrli goxbkzhe xinc jipiz lbnmijh abciahvlb xinc obk jin

jhinccip dirv obraik jiail vhzivh kik. Dkl! z hjik aich lbaixinh

jin kgnjhvh ipipn. Lbniizh prhnvhp! linvhi! ziph vboia hknxi linvhi

obrirzh obnir. Lbainccir prhnvhp! obriri lbaixinh dkl.

viaid. Zhjik iji kglprglh. Bzhki xinc Lbncbnih vhcnhehkinvh LK jiail

jbgnzgagchv! kirbninxi obrohfiri kgnzbkv nbciri dkl! vbobnilxi



Nggr Zrhdivzzh ?::



obrkihzin jbncin prhnvhp,prhnvhp pgkgk jhlikvj Pivia 3I jin Pivia 3O

nbciri dkl xinc jblgkrizhv! xiknh= ilinjblbn kbzhci RRJ 98:2.vprblivh dkl! milhnin dik,dik ivivh Ikin zbziph! jbncin kgnvzbaivh

linvhi! fdbfk inj oiainfbv jiail pgahzhk kbpbnzhncin jirh obroicih pirzih

nbciri! jin rbfdzbrahmkb fgnzrgab. pga h z hk xinc jipiz lbnjbvikkin

Oicihlini vhcnhe hkinvh LK jiail kbpbnzhncin lbrbki kbpiji Prbvhjbn

lbnbcdkin ngrli,ngrli jivir nbciri nzk lbrbkrz lbnzbrh,lbnzbrh jirh pirzih

dkl7 lbrbki! jin'izi kbpbnzhncin Prbvjhbn

Pbrzbgrh! Lidkilid Kgnvzhzvh vbnjhrh nzk lbncilinkin kbjjkin

jhobnzk icir obrencvh vboicih abloici jin kbohmikinnxi jirh pbncisivin JP_

pbnievhr kgnv,z hzvh! lbnxbabvihkin $xinc zbrjhrh jirh obroicih Erikvh Pirzih

vbnckbzi kgnvzhzvh! lbaikkin prgvbv Pgahzhk(! liki lbnrz pbnjipiz pbnahv

mjhfhiah}izhgn ge pgahzhfv! lbaikkin mjhfhia pbainc pbaikviniin pbncisivin JP_

rbuhbs zbrdijip vbli pbrnjinc, nzk lbaikvinikin vbfiri llh jin

njincin jh air kgnvzhzvh 53 jin kgnvbkbn Pivia 3I jin Pivia 3O RRJ

vboicihnxi. Agchvnxi! LK jipiz 98:2! mci vinciz kbfha. Jbncin kizi aihn!

lbnincinh vbkiahin hz. kbji pivia zbrvboz piji zizirin ngrlizhe

lipn blphrhvnxi dinxi obrvheizPBNRZRP

nglhnia.

L b n f b r l i z h p b r z i n c c n c Gabd kirbni hz! kb jbpin aixik

misioin Prbvjhbn Lbnrz Ilinjblbn jhzhnckizkin kbjjkin Lidkilid

RRJ 98:2 jipiz jhvhlpakin! oidsi = Kgnvzhzvh lbnmijh Pbrijhain Zizi Nbciri!

Pbrzinccncmisioin Prbvhjbn xinc zhjik dinxi lbnxbabvihkin liviaid

_bpoahk Hnjgnbvhi! dinxi jipiz mjhfhia rbuhbs! vbnckbzi kbsbnincin

jhlhnzikin gabd JP_ jiail rincki inzir abloici Nbciri! Pblooirin

lbaikvinikin kbsbnincin pbnc, Pirzih Pgahzhk! jin pbnxbabvihin Vbnckbzi

isivinnxi zbrdijip pbainccirin dkl Divha Pblhahdin Rll; zbziph mcixinc jhaikkin gabd Prbvhjbn! jbncin lbnxinckz pbnhaihin zbrdijip khnbrmi

zmin nzk lblobrdbnzhkin Prbvhjbn Prbvhjbn jin Sikha Prbvhjbn! vboicih

jin Sikha Prbvhjbn jirh mioizinnxi! smj pbrzinccnc misioin kgnckrbznxi

lbaiah lbkinhvlb vboicihlini



Nggr Zrhdivzzh ?:2



Oaifksbaav! 9843zbrdijip pbnxbabncciriin rvin

Hvliha Vnx! Kgnvzhzvh 98:2 jin Dik pblbrhnzidin Nbciri vbfiri xrhjhv Ivivh linvhi/ ji ail Dik kgnvzhzvhgnia. _ikxiz iziv Pbloincnin! :0

Zidn Jbkairivh Rll Dik Ivivh Linvhi! Mikirzi= XAODH! 9848JIEZI_ PRVZIKI

Hvliha Vnx! Pbrcbvbrin Kbkiviin I. Dihj Izilhlh! Pbrinin KbpzvinBkvbkzh e! Ikviri Oir! Mikirzi!P r b v h j b n _ H j i a i l903P b n x b a b n c c i r i i n

Pblbrhnzidin Nbciri! JhvbrzihMhlax Ivv#dhzZehyhb! Fhzi Nbciri DaflRnhubrvhziv Hnjgnbvhi! 9880

Kgnzblpgrbr ! Grivh Halhid piji

S h v j i V i r m i n i D k l I. V. V Zilonin! /Ipikid Nbciri _a Rnhubrvhziv Vrhshmixi Piabloinc!j hoisid Nincin RAZJ?6 Lirbz ?00:98:69UHblbrakin Lidkilid

Kgnvzhzvh7 ! Grivh Halhid pijiM. Orxfb! Vzjhbv hn Dhvzgrx inj Shvji Virmini Dkl VZDL!

Mrhvprjbnfb! Uga. 9 Gtegrj=? Gkzgobr ?006Fairbnjgn Prbvv! 9809

Mhlax Ivvdhjjhyhb! Kgnvgahjijh IhivkidOr hin Zdglpvgn ! Zbtzoggk gnRRJ :2 vbzbaid pbroidinF g n v z h z v h g n i a i n j Kbblpiz ! Mikirzi= Pviz Vzjhijlhnhvzrizhub Ais ! Agnjgn=Dkl Zizi Nbciri ED , RA ?00?Oaifkvzgnb Prbvv Azj. 9883

Kgnvbp Kinz zbrvboz jhkbnia jbncinFM Erhbjrhfd! lin inj Dhv Cgubrnlbnz! vbozin/ Nifdzskbrvziiz/ iziNbs Xgrk = LfCris,Dhaa! 9856

Nifdzsifdzbrvziiz/ $ahdiz. I}dirx!Nbciri Dkl Hnjgnbvhi! Fdirabv D. Lfaasihn! Fgnvzhzzhgniavl=Mikirzi= RHP_BVV!.9882(infhbnz inj lgjbrn! Hzdifi!

Nbs Xgrk= Firnbaa RnhubrvhzxL. Lidej LJ! Jblgkrivh jin Kgnvzhzvhh Prbvv! 9885

jh Hnjgnbvhi! Mikirzi= _hnbkiFhpi! ?000F.E Vz rgnc ! Lgjbrbn Pg a h z h fi a

Fgnvzhzzhgnv. Agnjgn! BAL injPdhahpv 0. Dggj % Mifkvgn! Fgnvzhzzhgnia Vhncshfk % Mikvgn Ahlhzbj!

inj Ijlhnhvzrivh Ais ! 3 zd bj!9855Agnjgn= Vsbbz inj Litsbaa!9843H u g . J . J f d i f b k ! / F g n v z h z z h g n

aFgnvzhzzhgniahvl/! jiailPdhahpv L. Dijmgn! Pbrahnjncin DklO g c j i n g r ! U b r n i n $ b j (

Oich _ikxiz jh Hnjgnbvhi! VboidOaifksbaa#v Bnfxfagpbjhi ge Vzjh Zbnzinc Prhnvhp,Prhnvhpnxi!pgah z hfia Vfhbnfb! Gtegrj=



Nggr Zrhdivzzh ?:5



Pbnbripinnxi Gabd GabdPbncijhain Jiail Ahnckncin S. Erhbjlinm 9850! Abcia Zdbgrx!

P b r i j h a i n R l l J i n Agnjgn! Vzbl % Vg Ahhzbj ! dia.P b l o b n z k i n P r i j h a i n :25. Ijlhnhvrivh Nbciri! Ohniaal!Vrioixi! 983?

Pbrzinccncmisioin Prbvhjbn JinDoncinnxi Jbncin Lidkilid


Nggr Zrhdivzzh ?:3

noor tri hastuti 2005 juli

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