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PROJECT REPORT ON

REFERENCE GENERATION FOR 

MOULD AND WITHDRAW ROLLS BY

USING RVG CARD

 

PREPARED BY

CH. PRATHIP KUMAR

(09P31A0409)

Under The Guidence of 

S!.A.V.VENU GOPAL"Sr.Manager 

VISAKHAPATNAM STEEL PLANT" VISAKHAPATNAM

 

ACKNO!EDGEMENT

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  " #a$e #hi% &o'e&en# #o con'e( %incere #han$% #o &( )ro*ec# guide S#!.A.V.VENU GOPAL"

Sr.Manager+ SMS,CCD+for #hi% 'a-ua-e %ugge%#ion and %u)er'i%ion in &a$ing #hi% )ro*ec#.

  " /i%h #o e0)re%% &( %en%e of gra#i#ude #o S#! P.K.RATH"D.G.M"(S$%%&)+1OD for #he

%u))or# #o i&)-e&en#ing #he )ro*ec#.

  " a& 'er( &uch #han$fu- #o S#! ASHOK NAIK"DM /ho%e 'a-ua-e guidance for &a$ing

#hi% re)or# /hich he-)ed a -o#.

  " a& 'er( &uch #han$fu- #o S#! '.PRABHAKARA RAO"Jr &anager2Trg3 for gi'ing u%

#hi% o))or#uni#(.

  C1. PRAT1"P KUMAR 245P67A48453

 

DEC!ERAT"ON

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  " here #o dec-are #ha# #hi% )ro*ec# re)or# 9REFERENCES VOLTAGE GENERATION

USING RVG CARD:+ %u&i##ed ( &e a% a )ar# of )ro*ec# #raining. "# i% #he )ro*ec# done ( &e

/i#h #he %u))or# of #he &e&er% in (our organi;a#ion.

 

C1.PRAT1"PKUMAR245P67A48

453

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CERT"

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"NDE=

7."NTRODUCT"ON>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>................................?

@.BR"E< ABOUT PROJECT>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>...>>...........................

6.RE>>..5

8.ORK"NG O< T1E T1YR"STOR DR"ES 27AU7AND @AU@3>>>>...>>>.>7

.DESCR"PT"ON O< T1YR"STOR >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>.@4

?.C"RCU"T D"AGRAM O< RG CARD>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>..@@

.C"RCU"T D"AGRAM BE>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>.>>>>>..>..........................@

7."NTRODUCT"ON

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  S#ee- &e-#ing %ho) i% #he hear# of an( %#ee- )-an# /here %#ee- &a$ing )roce%% i%

 eing done. "n SP %#ee- &e-# %ho) i% eui))ed /i#h #hree !D con'er#er% and %i0 nu&er of 

 -oo& ca%#er% /i#h 744F con#inuou% ca%#ing faci-i#(.

Con#inuou% ca%#ing &a( e defined a% #ea&ing of -iuid %#ee- in a&ou-d /i#h a

fa-%e o##o& #hrough /hich )ar#ia--( %o-idified ingo# ar2%i&i-ar #o #he %ha)e and cro%% %ec#ion

of #he &ou-d3 i% con#inuou%-( /i#hdra/n a# #he %a&e ra#e a# /hich #he -iuid %#ee- i% #ea&ed in

#he &ou-d.

 

A# SP /e ha'e %i0H8 %#rand con#inuou% ca%#ing &achine% ca)a-e of )roducing

@.@ &i--ion #one%(ear -oo&% of %i;e @4&&I@4&& and @4&&I6@4&&. En#ire uan#i#(

of &o-#en %#ee- )roduced 2744F3 i% con#inuou%-( ca%# in #he radia- -oo& ca%#er% /hich he-) in

energ( con%er'a#ion a% /e-- a% )roduc#ion of %u)erior ua-i#( )roduc#%.

 

@.BR"E< DESCR"PT"ON O< T1E PROJECT

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  "n a )roce%% of con#inuou% ca%#ing #he %)eed con#ro- of /i#hdra/ ro-e% i% 'er( &uch

i&)or#an# in our )-an# 77$/ DC Mo#or% are u%ed for #he %a&e. DC Mo#or i% dri'en ( #h(ri%#or 

con'er#er )ane-%. There are #/o #h(ri%#or )ane-% for %)eed con#ro- of /i#hdra/ ro-e &o#or% one i%

/or$ing )ane- and ano#her i% %#and( )ane-.

Ana-og reference %igna- genera#ed for #he%e #/o i% fro& co&&on )ane- i% de%igna#ed a%

7AS7. "f #here i% an( fai-ure in #hi% )ane- for &ore #han one &inu#e cau%e% %#rand c-o%er during

ca%#ing. Of -a#e o#h #he e-ec#ric% and e-ec#ronic% of #he %aid 7AS7i% gi'ing freuen# #rou-e%

cau%ing #he c-o%ure of #he %#rand.

 

A# )re%en# #here i% no %u))-( of %)are% of 7AS7 )ane- fro& origina- %o'ie#

&anufac#urer. "# i% ha'ing no.of Ana-og card%+ and a-%o co&)-ica#ed circui#. Thi% /i-- -ead #o

&a0i&u& #rou-e%hoo# #i&e and do/n #i&e.

The &o%# inf-uencing fac#or #o #a$ing of #hi% )ro*ec# i% #o genera#e indigenou% reference

 )ane- for indi'idua- #h(ri%#or con'er#er%. Ano#her fac#or i% #o e-i&ina#e e-ec#rica- %che&a#ic

circui# a% #echno-og( i&)ro'ed %uch #ha# #o#a- reference circui# can e re)-aced ( %ing-e RG

card. Ande0i%#ing re-a(% are %ea-ed #()e+ in #hi% )h(%ica- con#ac#% canno# e %een /i#h na$ed e(e%

and re)-ace&en# #oo$ &uch #i&e.

  A% a %o-u#ion of #he )ro-e& %che&a#ic dra/ing for #hi% )ro*ec# ha% een )re)ared

%uch #ha# #/o indi'idua- reference circui# /i-- e )ro'ided for indi'idua- #h(ri%#or dri'e%. Circui#

a-%o &ade %i&)-e for ea%( #rou-e%hoo#ing. E0i%#ing %ea-ed re-a(% are re)H-aced /i#h nor&a-

re-a(% /i#hin dica#ion of ONO

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  e &ade 7AU7+@AU7 /or$ing inde)enden#-(. No/ @AU7 #h(ri%#or con'er#er i%

 )u# in#o o)era#ion con#inuou%-( #o chec$ #he co&)a#ii-i#( of reference %igna- #o #he #h(ri%#or 

dri'e. i#h #hi% ne/ reference circui# /e o%er'ed #he %)eed con#ro- o%%&oo#h and -inear.

"# i% e##er #han #he ear-ier %(%#e&. e o%er'ed i# for &ore #han #/o &on#h% no

co&)-ica#ion% are ari%ed. No/ /e &ade a #o#a- circui# /i#h #he RG card in a %ing-e oard for a

reference for o#h 7AU7 and @AU7+ #h(ri%#or con'er#er%.

Af#er #ha# inMc 8 S#d 6 /ho-e 7AS7 circui# a% een re)-aced /i#h ne/ &odified

circui#. Nece%%ar( &odifica#ion #o MOM a-%o done in #he %a&e )ane-.

6. RE

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  "n /i#hdra/a- ro--% ca%#ing %)eed ha% #o 'ar( according #o #he condi#ion%. Thi% ca%#ing

%)eed /i-- 'ar( #hrough #he reference gi'en #o #h(ri%#or dri'e. "n ear-ier Ru%%ian %(%#e& one

%e)ara#e )ane- 27AS73 /a% #here and in #ha# a -o# of card% /ere #here.

  Thi% /a% co&&on reference )ane- for o#h 7AU7and @AU7dri'e%. 1ence #he

%e)ara#e )o/er %u))-( card% a-%o )ro'ided for o#h 7AU7and @AU7. U-#i&a#e-( #o#a- 74

nu&er of card% /ere )u# for #hi% %(%#e&. No/ in )re%en# &ar$e# one %i&)-e e-ec#ronic card

2RG3 i% a'ai-a-e.

  i#h #hi% reference genera#ion can e done and a-- ad*u%#&en# )o#% /ere )ro'ided a%

 )er /i#hdra/a- ro--% reuire&en# and &oreo'er e-ec#ronic %u))-( can e #a))ed fro& #h(ri%#or 

dri'e reference can e gi'en #o #he %a&e dri'e.

  1ence #hi% i%o-a#ion card% are no# reuired. "n #hi% %(%#e& /e can )u# #/o card% for #/o

dri'e% %o #ha# change o'er faci-i-#( /i-- e a'ai-a-e in ca%e of fai-ure of one card.

D"G"TA! AND ANA!OG ",OH The ana-og and digi#a- in)u#% and ou#)u#% are connec#ed #o #he

func#ion -oc$% of #he %#andard )rogra& #o ui-d u) #he dri'e

a))-ica#ion.

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D"G"TA! "NPUTSH S#andard ",O ha% eigh# digi#a- in)u#% 2D"7...D"3 /hich are conH

  nec#ed 'ia SDCSH"OBH@0 or direc#-( #o #he Con#ro- Board SDCSH

  CONH@.

  ",O e0#en%ion oard SDCSH"OEH7 con#ain% %e'en i%o-a#ed digi#a-

  in)u#% 2D"5...D"73.

D"G"TA! OUTPUTSH There are eigh# digi#a- ou#)u#% and #he connec#ion% are &ade #o

#he SDCSHCONH@ or SDCSH"OBH@0 oard%.

ANA!OG "NPUTSH Ma0i&u& nu&er of ana-og in)u#% i% %e'en. The fir%# fi'e

channe-%+ A"TAC+ A"7+ A"@+ A"6 and A"8+ are a'ai-a-e /i#h#he SDCSHCONH@ or SDCSH"OBH6 oard%. The -a%# #/o

channe-%+A" andA"?+ are connec#ed ( &ean% of #he SDCSH

"OEH7 e0#en%ion ",Ooard.

Ana-og in)u#% are %ca-ed /i#h )ara&e#er%

HIGH VALUE (1)  'a-ue in OUTL 2=====3 #ha#

corre%)ond% #o

&a0i&u& in)u# 'a-ue 2nor&a--( L74 or L@4 &A3.

and

LOW VALUE (1)  'a-ue in OUTL 2=====3 #ha#

corre%)ond% #o &ini&u& in)u# 'a-ue 2nor&a--( H74 or 

L@4 &A3. "f off%e# a-ancing i% needed+ #he 'a-ue of #he

1"G1 and !O

A!UE ha% #o e increa%ed or decrea%ed %-igh#-(.

N*$%.  The #e&)era#ure &ea%ure&en#% are %ca-ed in#erna--( in A"@ and A"6 2 or C3. The

 )ara&e#er% 1"G1 A!UE and !O A!UE ha'e no %ignificance in #ha# ca%e.

ANA!OG OUTPUTSH There are #hree ana-og ou#)u# channe-%. Connec#ion%

&ade #o ei#her SDCSHCONH@ or SDCSH"OBH6 oard%. The

fir%# #/o ou#)u#% 2AO7 and AO@3 are )rogra&&a-e+ and

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#he range of #he ou#)u#% i% L74...H74. The #hird ou#)u# i%

an ar&a#ure curren# ac#ua- &ea%ure&en# fro& #he 1H

circui#.

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%e-ec#ed a# a #i&e ( &ean% of in)u#%   ACT1 (1901)+

ACT5 (1905)+  ACT3(1903)  or   ACT4 (1904). The

!ogic diagra& i% %ho/n ao'e. "f ACT7...ACT8 in)u#%

are a-- in ;ero %#a#e+ #he reference 'a-ue i% %e# #o )ara&e#er 

DEF (1902). O#her/i%e #he reference 'a-ue i% one of 

REF1...REF4.6 or e0a&)-e+ if con%#an# reference  REF3

(1907)  i% u%ed+ in)u# ACT3 (1903)  ha% #o e %e# #o

-ogica- %#a#e  1 and in)u#%  ACT1 and  ACT5 &u%# e

%e# #o ;ero ( #he a))-ica#ion. Nor&a--(+ if in)u# )in i% no#

connec#ed a# a--+ i#% %#a#e i% ;ero. B-oc$ ou#)u#  OUT

(11901) 'a-ue i% %e# eua- #o )ara&e#er  REF3 (1907).

RAMP GENERATOR

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SE!ECT"NG O< T1E RAMP

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The ou#)u# OUT 277473 can e &ade #o fo--o/ #he

%)eed ac#ua- ( %e##ing #he in)u#

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  8. ORK"NG O< T1E T1YR"STOR DR"ES 27AU7 @AU73

  The #h(ri%#or )o/er circui# )ane- ha% #/o inde)enden# circui#% and #he four &o#or%

are connec#ed #o #hi% circui# /i#h #he he-) of #/o $nife %/i#che%+ a%ed on #he reuire&en# #o

o)era#e ei#her 7AU7or @AU7 #he )o%i#ion of #he %/i#che% are decided.

  "n #he )o/er circui#% a curren# feedac$ i% connec#ed #o card S84@A and 'o-#age

feedac$ i% connec#ed #o S84@.

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MODE! D"AGRAM O< T1YR"STOR DR"E

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  T/o #h(ri%#or ridge% 26HW ridge%3 one in #he for/ard direc#ion and #he o#her in #he

 ac$/ard direc#ion are connec#ed a% %ho/n e#/een #he %u))-( &ain% and #he feedac$ circui#

/ho%e firing ang-e% are decided fro& #he -oc$ diagra& a% %ho/n.

  "ni#ia--(+ %igna-% fro& 7AS7 are gi'en #o #he card N848 /hich i% con%idered #o e

ca%#ing &ode reference genera#e% a reference %igna- and ano#her card N@@@ 2du&&( card &ode3

genera#e% #he o#her reference %igna- /hich i% a fi0ed one. No/ o#h #he%e reference %igna-% are

gi'en #o a ra&) genera#or /hich ha% #/o #e%# )oin#% u7and u@.

  The ra&) genera#or genera#e% #he ra&) %igna- and #hi% i% fed #o a %)eed regu-a#or+ #he

%econd in)u# reuired co&e% fro& e&f genera#or #o /hich #he 'o-#age and curren# feedac$ 

circui#% 2S848 andS84@A3 are gi'en a% in)u#% #o #hi% card N@4.

The %)eed regu-a#or )ro'ide% a %&oo#h regu-a#ion of #he %)eed /ho%e ou#)u# i% again

fed #o a ra&) genera#or and a -ogic card N7@.

  The ou#)u# fro& #he #h(ri%#or )ane- i% gi'en #o #he #h(ri%#or %en%or card S77 i% fed #o

#he -ogic card N7@.

  The -ogic card genera#e% #he de%ired -ogic #ha# #o /ha# e0#en# #he firing of #he

#h(ri%#or ridge% TM7and TM@ ha% #o e done and i% gi'en #o #he firing card N7@6A.ra&)

genera#or N@4 genera#e% a ra&) ou#)u# and gi'e% #o #he curren# regu-a#or /here a &a0i&u&

'a-ue of curren# i% regu-a#ed and #he o#her in)u# co&e% fro& #he curren# feedac$ circui# gi'e%

#he o#her in)u# #o #hi% cardN@74.

The ou#)u# fro& #he curren# regu-a#or i% gi'en #o a )ha%e ang-e con#ro- card in /hich

&in and &a0 'a-ue% of W are fi0ed #o &ain#ain #he de%ired 'o-#age in #he #h(ri%#or ridge%.

  The %u))-( #o #hi% card co&e% fro& #he %(nchronou% %u))-( of 87' /here i# i%

%#e))ed do/n #o de%ired -e'e- and i% gi'en #o #he fi-#er card N74@+%u))-( i% gi'en #o #he )ha%e

ang-e con#ro- card #he ou#)u# of #hi% i% gi'en #o #he firing card N7@6A.

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  No/ #he ou#)u# of #hi% i% gi'en #o #he a&)-ifier card% 2TM7and TM@3. Ba%ed on

/he#her #he #h(ri%#or ha% #o e for/ard or re'er%ed #he corre%)onding card genera#e% a high

%igna-and gi'e% #o #he #h(ri%#or )ane- #hrough i%o-a#or% fro& #he #h(ri%#or )ane- #o #he #h(ri%#or 

 )ane- #he &o#or% are dri'en.

.DESCR"PT"ON O< T1YR"STOR 

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an e0#ra diode #o %ho/ #he effec# of a f-(/hee- diode /hen u%ing #h(ri%#or% #o con#ro- induc#i'e

-oad%.

The #h(ri%#or dri'e% and f-(/hee- diode circui#% inc-ude% %o&e of #he

Tran%ducer% #o &ea%ure curren# /a'efor&%.

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S"GNA! PRODUCED BY O

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OUTPUT S"GNA! PRODUCED BY "T1DRA RO!!S

.C"RCU"T D"AGRAM BE

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.C"RCU"T D"AGRAM A

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5.ADANTAGES O< T1E PROJECT• Origina- Ru%%ian %(%#e& occu)ie% &ore %)ace. Ne/ %(%#e& occu)ie% a-&o%# oneH#hird of 

o-d one.

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• "n origina- %(%#e& #er&ina- -oc$% /ere gi'en in fron# and ac$ %ide of #he )ane- and i# i%

differen# for )oin# #o )oin# chec$ing a% one #er&ina- i% in fron# and ne0# chec$ )oin# i% in

 ac$%ide.

• herea% in our ne/ %(%#e& a-- #er&ina- are )ro'ided in fron# %ide on-( and in a %a&e ro/.

• "n e0i%#ing %(%#e& #rou-e %hoo#ing i% 'er( difficu-# and circui# a-%o 'er( co&)-ica#ed

ha'ing &ore nu&er of card% and %ea-ed re-a(%.

• herea% in our %(%#e& /e u%ed one %i&)-e RG card for reference genera#ion and -e%%

nu&er of re-a(% for ea%( under%#anding and #rou-e%hoo#.

• "n %ea-ed re-a(% /e canno# find con#ac# or coi- )ro-e& and i# i% no# )o%%i-e #o %ee #he

re-a( condi#ion /i#h #he na$ed e(e /he#her #he re-a( i% in )ic$ed or in dro))ed.

• herea% in &odified %(%#e& /e u%ed #he g-a%% re-a(%+ ( %eeing /i#h #he e(e /e can

ea%i-( find ou# #he )o%i#ion of #he re-a( and re-a( con#ac# a-%o.

• S)are% are a-%o no# a'ai-a-e for O-d Ru%%ian %(%#e&.

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74.CONC!US"ON

 

"n #he cour%e of doing #hi% )ro*ec#+ " ha'e found #ha# i# /a% 'er( in#ere%#ing+

infor&a#i'e and re%u-# orien#ed. i#h #he%e #()e if )ro*ec#% i# ha% -o# of enefi#% #o reduce ra$e

do/n #i&e+ ea%( for &ain#enance and ao'e a-- #he %a#i%fac#ion achie'ing one of #he )ri&e &o##o

i.e.+ e0ce--ence #hrough inno'a#ion.

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REFERENCES

Manua-% ( %#aff in S#ee- P-an#.

///.goog-e.co&

///./i$i)edia.org.

28

http://www.wikipedia.org/http://www.wikipedia.org/