1. DNA

2. DNA 3. DNA A G T C 4. R N A 5. D N A RNA 6. thymine adenine cytosine guanine phosphate deoxyribose sugar DNA Deoxyribose sugar phosphate Nitrogenous base (guanine) ribose sugar phosphate Nitrogenous base (uracil) Sugar / phosphate strand Nitrogenous base rung Hydrogen bond (H-bonds) DNA RNA 7. Step 1: Hydrogen bonds between complimentary bases break DNA unzips 1: Hydrogen bond . DNA RNA TRANSCRIPTION RNA 8. Step 2: DNA strands pull apart from each other RNA TRANSCRIPTION RNA 2:DNA 9. Step 3: RNA nucleotides in the cell match up with only one side of the unzipped DNA Each unzipped strands forms a template for a mRNA strand RNA nucleotide RNA TRANSCRIPTION RNA 3: 10. Step 4: RNA nucleotides continue to match up with unzipped DNA until the message is completely transcribed mRNA strand One side of DNA strand RNA TRANSCRIPTION RNA 4: 11. Step 4: mRNA strand breaks off from the DNA strand mRNA strand One side of DNA strand RNA TRANSCRIPTION RNA 4: 12. Step 5: mRNA strand leaves the nucleus for the ribosome RNA TRANSCRIPTION RNA 5: 13. Step 6: Once the mRNA leaves, the DNA zips back together RNA TRANSCRIPTION RNA 14. 15. TranslationTranslation P Site A Site Large subunit Small subunit mRNAmRNA A U G C U A C U U C G 16. InitiationInitiation mRNAmRNA A U G C U A C U U C G 2-tRNA G aa2 A U A 1-tRNA U A C aa1 anticodon hydrogen bonds codon 17. mRNAmRNA A U G C U A C U U C G 1-tRNA 2-tRNA U A C G aa1 aa2 A U A anticodon hydrogen bonds codon peptide bond 3-tRNA G A A aa3 ElongationElongation 18. mRNAmRNA A U G C U A C U U C G 1-tRNA 2-tRNA U A C G aa1 aa2 A U A peptide bond 3-tRNA G A A aa3 Ribosomes move over one codon (leaves) 19. mRNAmRNA A U G C U A C U U C G 2-tRNA G aa1 aa2 A U A peptide bonds 3-tRNA G A A aa3 4-tRNA G C U aa4 A C U 20. mRNAmRNA A U G C U A C U U C G 2-tRNA G aa1 aa2 A U A peptide bonds 3-tRNA G A A aa3 4-tRNA G C U aa4 A C U (leaves) Ribosomes move over one codon 21. mRNAmRNA G C U A C U U C G aa1 aa2 A peptide bonds 3-tRNA G A A aa3 4-tRNA G C U aa4 A C U U G A 5-tRNA aa5 22. mRNAmRNA G C U A C U U C G aa1 aa2 A peptide bonds 3-tRNA G A A aa3 4-tRNA G C U aa4 A C U U G A 5-tRNA aa5 Ribosomes move over one codon 23. mRNAmRNA A C A U G U aa1 aa2 U primaryprimary structurestructure of a proteinof a protein aa3 200-tRNA aa4 U A G aa5 C U aa200 aa199 terminatorterminator or stopor stop codoncodon TerminationTermination 24. ......... 25. ......... DNA RNA P R O T E I N 26. START .... WORKING MODEL ? .....