samkaleen bharat (4) - जलवायु

8/13/2019 Samkaleen Bharat (4) -

1/17

Nys nks v;k;ksa esa] vki gekjs ns'k dhLFkyko`Qfr;ksa,oaviokg osQ ckjsesaIkus osQ fy, vko';d rhu ewy roksaesa ls nksro ;sgh gSaA bl v;k; esa] vki rhljsro] vFkkZr~gekjsns'k dh ok;qeaMyh; voLFkk osQ ckjsesa Ik


2/17

tyok;q29

'ks"k Hkkx esa ;g o"kkZ osQ :Ik esagksrk gSA okf"kZd o"kZ.kesafHkUurk es?kky; esa400 lseh ls ysdj yk[k ,oaif'peh jktLFkku esa ;g 10 lseh lsHkh de gksrh gSA

ns'k osQ vfkdrj Hkkxksa esa twu ls flracj rd o"kkZ gksrhgS] ysfdu dqN {ks=kksatSls rfeyukMqrV ij vfkdrjo"kkZvDVwcj ,oauoacj esagksrh gSA

lkekU; :Ik lsrVh; {ks=kksa osQ rkieku esavarj degksrk gSA ns'k osQ vkarfjd Hkkxksa esaekSleh ;k rqfu"Bvarj vfkd gksrk gSA mkjh eSnku esao"kkZdh ek=kklkekU;r% iwoZls if'pe dh vksj ?kVrh tkrh gSA ;sfHkUurk, yksxksa osQ thou esa fofo/rk ykrh gSa] tksmuosQ Hkkstu] oL=k vkSj ?kjksaosQ izdkj esa fn[krh gSaA

jktLFkkuesa?kjksadh nhokj eksVh rFkk NrpiVh D;ksa gksrh gS\

rjkbZ {ks=k rFkk xksok ,oa eSaxyksj esa


3/17

30

ledkyhu Hkkjr

ioZrksaosQ dkj.k bl {ks=k esae; ,f'k;k dh rqyuk esaBaM de iM+rh gSA

ok;qnkc ,oaiouHkkjr esatyok;qrFkk lacafkr ekSleh voLFkk,fuEufyf[krok;qeaMyh; voLFkkvksa lslapkfyr gksrh gSa %

ok;q nkc ,oa kjkryh; iousa ijh ok;q ifjlapj.k rFkk if'peh pokrh fo{kksHk ,oam".k dfVcakh; pokr

Hkkjr mkj&iwohZO;kikfjd iouksa (Trade Winds)okys {ks=k esa fLFkr gSA ;siousa mkjh xksykZosQ miks".k

dfVcakh; mPp nkcifV~V;ksa ls mRiUu gksrh gSaA ;snf{k.k dh vksj cgrh] dksfjvkfyl cy osQ dkj.knkfguh vksj fo{ksfirgksdj fo"kqorh; fuEu nkc okys{ks=kksadh vksj c


4/17

31

tyok;q

fp=k 4-3 % Hkkjrh; miegk}hi esa twu eghusosQ nkSjku ekSle dh fLFkfr

fp=k 4-2 % Hkkjrh; miegk}hi esatuojh eghus osQ nkSjku ekSle dh fLFkfr
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5/17

32

ledkyhu Hkkjr

gSA bl mPp nkc okys {ks=k dh fLFkfr ,oarhozrkHkkjrh; ekulwu dksizHkkfor djrh gSA

(n) xzh"e rqesa] frCcr dk iBkj cgqr vfkd xeZ

gkstkrk gS] ftlosQ ifj.kkeLo:i iBkj osQ ijleqnz ry lsyxHkx 9 fdeh dh pkbZijrhozokZkj ok;q kkjkvksa ,oamPp nkc dkfuekZ.k gksrk gSA

(;) xzh"e rq esa fgeky; osQ mkj&if'peh tsVkkjkvksa dk rFkk Hkkjrh; izk;}hi osQ ijm".k dfVc akh; iwoh Z tsV kkjkvksa dk izHkkogksrk gSA

var% m".k dfVca/h; vfHklj.k {ks=k;s fo"kqorh; v{kka'kksa esa foLr`r xrZ ,oa fuEu nkc dk{ks=k gksrk gSA ;gha ij mkj&iwohZ ,oa nf{k.k&i wohZO;kikfjd iousa vkil esa feyrh gSaA ;g vfHklj.k {ks=kfo"kqor~o`k osQ yxHkx lekukarjgksrk gS] ysfdu lw;Zdh vkHkklh xfr osQ lkFk&lkFk ;gmkj ;k nf{k.k dhvksj f[kldrk gSA

blosQ vfrfjDr] nf{k.kh egklkxjksa osQ ijnkc dh voLFkkvk sa esa ifjorZu Hkh ekulwu dksizH kkfor djrk gSA lkekU;r% tc nf{k.k iz'kkaregklkxj osQ m".k dfVcakh; iwohZ Hkkx es a mPp nkcgksrk gS rc fgan egklkxj osQm".k dfVc akh; iwoh ZHkkx esa fuEu nkc gksrk gS] ysfdu dqN fo'k s"k o"kksZaesa ok;q nkc dh fLFkfr foijhrgks tkrh gS rFkk iwoh Ziz'k kar egklkxj osQ ij fgan egklkxj dh rqyuk esafuEu nkc dk {ks=k cu tkrk gSAnkc dh voLFkk esabl fu;rdkfyd ifjorZu dk s nf{k.kh nksyu osQ ukels tkuk tkrk gSA MkfoZu] mkjh vkLVsfy;k (fgan

egklkxj 1230'nf{k.k@131iwoZ) rFkk rkfgrh (iz'kkaregklkxj 18 nf{k.k@149 if'pe) osQ nkc osQvarj dh x.kuk ekulwu dh rhozrk osQ iwokZuqeku osQfy, dh tkrh g SA vxj nkc dk varj .kkRed gSrks bldk vFk Z gksx k vkSlr ls de rFkk foyac lsvkus okyk ekulwuA ,yuhuks] nf{k.kh nksyu ls tqM+kgqvk ,d y{k.k gSA ;g ,d xeZ leqnzh ty kkjk gS]

Hkkjrh; ekulwu

Hkkjr dh tyok;q ekulwuh iouksa ls cgqr vfkd

izHkkfor gSA ,sfrgkfld dky esa Hkkjr vkus okysukfodksa uslclsigysekulwu ifj?kVuk ij ;ku fn;kFkkA iou ra=k dh fn'kk myV tkus (mReu) osQdkj.k mUgsa ykHk gqvkA pwfd] muosQ tgkt iou osQizokg dh fn'kk ij fuHkZj FksA vjcoklh tksO;kikfj;ksadh rjg Hkkjr vk, Fksmu yksxksaus iou ra=k osQ blekSleh mRe.k dks ekulwu dk uke fn;kA

Ekkulwu dk izHkko m".k dfVcakh; {ks=kksa esa yxHkx20mkj ,o a 20nf{k.k osQ chp jgrk gSA ekulwudh izf;k dks le>us osQ fy, fuEufyf[kr rF;egoiw.kZ gSa &

(v) LFky rFkk tyosQ xeZ,oaBaMsgksusdh foHksznhizf;k osQ dkj.k Hkkjr osQ LFky Hkkx ij fuEu nkcdk {ks=k mRiUugksrk gS] tcfd blosQ vkl&iklosQ leqnzksaosQij mPp nkc dk {ks=k curk gSA

(c) xzh"e rq osQ fnuksa esa var% m".k dfVcakh;

vfHklj.k {ks=k dh fLFkfr xaxk osQ eSnku dh vksjf[kld tkrh gS(;g fo"kqorh; xrZgS] tksizk;%fo"kqor~ o`k ls5mkj esa fLFkr gksrk gSA blsekulwu rq esaekulwu xrZosQ uke lsHkh tkuktkrk gSA)

(l) fga n egklkxj esaesMkxkLdj osQ iwoZyxHkx 20

nf{k.k v{kka'k osQ ij mPp nkc okyk {ks=k gksrk

fp=k 4-1 % ekulwu dk vkxeu
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6/17

33

tyok;q

tks is: dh B aMh kkjk osQ LFkku ij i zR; sd 2 ;k 5o"k Z o sQ varjky esa is: rV ls gksdj cgrh gSA nkcdh voLFkk esa ifjorZu dk lac ak ,yuhuks ls gSA

blfy, bl ifj?kVuk dks ,alks (ENSO) (,yuhuksnf{k.kh nksyu)dgk tkrk gSA

,yuhuks%BaMh is: tykkjk osQ LFkku ij vLFkk;h rkSjij xeZtykkjk osQ fodkl dks,yuhuks dk uke fn;kx;k gSA ,y fuuks LiSfu'k 'kCn gS] ftldk vFkZgksrk gScPpk rFkk tks fd csch kbLV dksO;Dr djrk gS]D;ksafd ;g kkjk flel osQ le; cguk 'kq: djrh gSA,y fuuksdh mifLFkfr leqnzdh lrg osQ rkieku dksc


7/17

34

ledkyhu Hkkjr

fp=k 4-4 % ekulwu dk vkxeu
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8/17

35

tyok;q

rd Hkkjr esa xzh"e rq gksrh gSA rki iV~Vh osQLFkkukarj.k osQ izHkko dk irk fofHkUu v{kka'kksa ij ekpZlsebZ osQ nkSjku fjdkWMZfd, x, rkieku dks ns[kdjyxk;k tk ldrk gSA ekpZ esanDdu osQ iBkj dk mPprkieku yxHkx 38lsfYl;l gksrk gSA vizSy esae;izns'k ,oaxqtjkr dk rkieku yxHkx 42lsfYl;lgksrk gSA ebZesa ns'k osQ mkj&if'peh Hkkxksadk rkiekulekU;r% 45lsfYl;l gksrk gSA izk;}hih; Hkkjr esaleqnzh izHkko osQ dkj.k rkieku de gksrk gSA

ns'k osQ mkjh Hkkx esa] xzh"edky esarkieku esao`fgksrh gSrFkk ok;qnkc esa deh vkrh gSA ebZosQ var esa]

mkj&if'pe esa Fkkj osQ jsfxLrku lsysdj iwoZ ,oanf{k.k&iwoZesaiVuk rFkk NksVk ukxiqj iBkj rd ,dde nkc dk yacor {ks=k mRiUugksrk gSA iou dkifjlapj.k bl xrZosQ pkjksa vksjizkjaHk gksrk gSA

yw] xzh"edky dk ,d izHkkoh y{k.k gSA ;skwyHkjh xeZ ,oa'kq"d iousa gksrh gSa]tksfd fnu osQ le;Hkkjr osQ mkj ,oamkj&if'peh {ks=kksa esapyrh gSaAdHkh&dHkh ;snsj 'kke rd tkjhjgrh gSaA bl gok dklhkk izHkko ?kkrd Hkh gks ldrkgSA mkjh Hkkjr esaebZ

eghusosQ nkSjku lkekU;r% kwy Hkjh vkfk;k vkrh gSaA;svkfk;kvLFkk;h :i ls vkjke igqpkrh gSa] D;ksafd;srkieku dks de dj nsrh gSarFkk vius lkFk BaMslehj ,oagYdh o"kkZykrh gSaA blekSle esa dHkh&dHkhrhozgokvksaosQ lkFk xjt okyhewlykkkj o"kkZ Hkhgksrh gS] blosQ lkFk izk;% fgeo`f"V Hkh gksrh gSAoS'k k[k osQ eghus esa gk sus osQ dkj.k if'pe caxky esabls ^dky oS'k k[kh* dgk tkrkgSA

xzh"e rq osQ var esadukZVd ,oa osQjy esaizk;%

iwoZ&ekulwuh o"kkZgksrh gSA blosQ dkj.k vke tYnh idtkrsgSarFkk izk;% bls^vkezo"kkZ* Hkh dgk tkrk gSA

o"kkZ rq;k ekulwu dk vkxeu

twu osQ izkjaHk esamkjh eSnkuksaesafuEu nkc dh voLFkkrhoz gks tkrh gSA ;g nf{k.kh xksykZdh O;kikfjdiouksa dks vkdf"kZr djrk gSA ;s nf{k.k&iwoZO;kikfjd

fnlacj ,oa tuojh lcls BaMs eghus gksrs gSaA rkiekunf{k.k ls mkj dh vksj c


9/17

36

ledkyhu Hkkjr

fp=k 4-5 % ekulwu dk var


10/17

37

tyok;q

iousa] nf{k.kh leqnzksa osQ miks".k dfVcakh; {ks=kksa esamRiUu gksrh gSaA pwfd] ;s iousa xeZ egklkxjksaosQ ijls gksdj xqtjrh gSa] blfy, ;s viuslkFk bl egk}hi

esacgqr vfkd ek=kk esaueh ykrh gSaA ;siousa rhozgksrh gSarFkk 30 fdeh izfr ?kaVsosQ vkSlr osx lspyrhgSaA lqnwj mkj&iwohZHkkx dksNksM+dj ;sekulwuh iousans'kosQ 'ks"k Hkkx esayxHkx 1 eghusesa igqp tkrh gSaA

nf{k.k&if'pe ekulwu dk Hkkjr esavarokZg ;gkosQ ekSle dksiwjh rjg ifjofrZr dj nsrk gSA ekSle osQizkjaHk esa if'pe ?kkV osQ ioueq[kh HkkxksaesaHkkjh o"kkZ(yxHkx 250 lsehlsvfkd)gksrh gSA nDdu dkiBkj ,oa e; izns'kosQ dqN Hkkx esaHkh o"kkZ gksrh gS];|fi ;s {ks=k o`f"V Nk;k {ks=k esavkrs gSaA bl ekSle dhvfkdrj o"kkZ ns'k osQ mkj&iwohZ Hkkxksa esa gksrh gSA[kklh igkM+h osQ nf{k.kh ka[kykvksaesa fLFkr ekflujkefo'o esalcls vfkd vkSlr o"kkZizkIr djrk gSA xaxkdh ?kkVh esa iwoZlsif'pe dh vksj o"kkZdh ek=kk?kVrh tkrh gSA jktLFkku ,oaxqtjkr osQ dqN Hkkxksa esacgqr de o"kkZ gksrhgSA

ekulwu ls lacafkr ,d vU; ifj?kVuk gS] ^o"kkZesafojke*A bl izdkj] blesa vknzZ,oa'kq"d nksuksarjg osQvarjky gksrs gSaA nwljs'kCnksaesa] ekulwuh o"kkZ ,d le;esa dqN fnuksard ghgksrh gSA buesaso"kkZjfgr varjkyHkh gksrsgSaA ekulwu esavkusokys;sfojke ekulwuh xrZdh xfr lslacafkrgksrsgSaA fofHkUu dkj.kksa lsxrZ,oabldk v{k mkj ;knf{k.k dh vksj f[kldrk jgrk gS]ftlosQ dkj.k o"kkZdk LFkkfud forj.k lqfuf'pr gksrkgSA tc ekulwu osQ xrZdk v{k eSnku osQ ij gksrk gSrc bu Hkkxksaesa o"kkZvPNh gksrh gSA nwljh vksj tc

v{k fgeky; osQ lehi pyk tkrk gS rc eSnkuksaesayacsle; rd 'kq"d voLFkk jgrh gS rFkk fgeky; dhufn;ksaosQ ioZrh; tyxzg.k {ks=kksaesa foLr`r o"kkZgksrhgSA bl Hkkjh o"kkZ osQ dkj.k eSnkuh {ks=kksaesafouk'kdkjhck


11/17

38

ledkyhu Hkkjr

fp=k 4-6 % ekSleh o"kkZ(twu&flracj)


12/17

39

tyok;q

fp=k 4-7 % okf"kZd o"kkZ


13/17

40

ledkyhu Hkkjr

(i)

mijksDrlekpkji=kksadsva'kksaesaof.kZrLFkkuksarFkkrqvksadsukecrk,aA

(ii)

eqacbZv

kSjpsUubZdho"kkZdhrqyukd

hft,vkSjmudsvarjo

sQdkj.knhft,A

(iii)

oLrqfLFkfrv;;udsn`f"Vdks.kl

s^Ckk


14/17

41

tyok;q

gSaaA xksnkojh] o`Q".kk ,oa dkosjh ufn;ksaosQ l?ku vkcknhokysMsYVk izns'kksaesavDlj pokr vkrs gSa] ftlosQdkj.k cM+siSekus ij tku ,oa eky dh {kfr gksrh gSA

dHkh&dHkh ;s pokr mM+hlk] if'pe caxky ,oackaXykns'k osQ rVh; {ks=kksaesa Hkh igqp tkrsgSaA dksjkseaMyrV ij vfkdrj o"kkZ bUgha pokrksa rFkk vonkcksa lsgksrh gSaA

o"kkZdk forj.kif'peh rV osQ Hkkxksa ,oamkj&iwohZ Hkkjr esayxHkx400 lsaeh okf"kZd o"kkZgksrh gSfdarq] if'peh jktLFkku,oablls lVsiatkc]gfj;k.kk ,oa xqtjkr osQ Hkkxksaesa

60 lsaeh lsHkh de o"kkZ gksrh gSA nf{k.kh iBkj osQvkarfjd Hkkxksa ,oalg;knzh osQ iwoZ esaHkh o"kkZdh ek=kkleku :i lsde gksrh gSA bu {ks=kksa esa o"kkZdh ek=kkde D;ksa gksrh gS\tEew&d'ehj osQ ysg essa Hkh o"kZ.kdh ek=kk dkiQh degksrh gSA ns'k osQ 'ks"k fgLls esa o"kkZdh ek=kk e;e jgrh gSA fgeikr fgeky;h {ks=kksardgh lhfer gksrk gSA

ekulwu oQh izo`Qfr osQ ifj.kkeLo:i ,d o"kZ lsnwljs o"kZgksus okysokf"kZd o"kkZdh ek=kk esa fHkUurk

gksrh gSA o"kkZdh fo"kerk fuEu o"kkZokys {ks=k tSls&jktLFkku] xqtjkr osQdqN Hkkx rFkk if'peh ?kkVksa osQo`f"V Nk;k izns'kksa esa vfkd ikbZtkrh gSA vr% vfkdo"kkZokys{k s=kksa esa ck


15/17

42

ledkyhu Hkkjr

(iv) Hkkjr esa ekulwu dk vkxeu fuEufyf[kr esalsdc gksrk gS(d) ebZ osQ izkjaHk esa ([k) twu osQ izkjaHk esa(x) tq ykbZosQ izkjaHk esa (?k) vxLr osQ izkjaHk esa

(v) fuEufyf[kr esals dkSu&lh Hkkjr esa'khr rqdh fo'ks"krk gS\(d) xeZ fnu ,oaxeZ jkrsa([k) xeZfnu ,oaBaMh jkrsa(x) BaMk fnu ,oaBaMh jkrsa(?k) BaMk fnu ,oa xeZjkrsa

2. fuEu iz'uksa osQ mkj la{ksi esanhft,A(i ) Hkkjr dh tyok;qdksizHkkfor djusokys dkSu&dkSu lsdkjd gSa\(ii) Hkkjr esa ekulwuh izdkj dh tyok;q D;ksa gS\(iii) Hkkjr osQ fdl Hkkx esa nSfud rkieku vfkd gksrk gS,oa D;ksa\

(iv) fdu iouksa osQ dkj.k ekykckj rV ij o"kkZ gksrh gS\(vi) tsV kkjk, D;k gSarFkk osfdl izdkj Hkkjr dh tyok;qdksizHkkfor djrh gSa\(vii) ekulwu dksifjHkkf"kr djsaA ekulwu esa fojke ls vki D;k le>rs gSa\(viii) ekulwu dks ,d lw=k esa ckkusokyk D;ksa le>k tkrk gS\

3. mkj&Hkkjr esaiwoZls if'pe dh vksj o"kkZdh ek=kk D;ksa?kVrh tkrh gS\

4. dkj.kcrk,A(i ) Hkkjrh; miegk}hi esaok;q dh fn'kk esaekSleh ifjorZu D;ksa gksrk gS\(ii) Hkkjr esa vfkdrj o"kkZdqN gh eghuksaesa gksrh gSA(iii) rfeyukMq rV ij 'khr rqesao"kkZgksrh gSA(iv) iwohZrV osQ MsYVk okys{ks=k esa izk;% pokr vkrs gSaA(v) jktLFkku] xqtjkr osQ dqN Hkkx rFkk if'peh ?kkV dk o`f"V Nk;k {ks=k lw[kk izHkkfor {ks=k gSA

5. Hkkjrdh tyok;qvoLFkkvksa dh {ks=kh; fofHkUurkvksadks mnkgj.k lfgr le>k,A

6. EkkulwuvfHkf;k dh O;k[;k djsaA

7. 'khr rqdh voLFkk ,oa mldh fo'ks"krk,crk,A

8. Hkkjresagksusokyh ekulwuh o"kkZ,oa mldh fo'ks"krk,crk,A

ekufp=kdkS'ky

HkkjrosQ js[kk ekufp=k ij fuEufyf[kr dksn'kkZ,&(i) 400 lsaeh lsvfkd o"kkZ okys{ks=k

(ii) 20 lsaeh lsde o"kkZokys {ks=k(iii) Hkkjr esanf{k.k&if'pe ekulwu dh fn'kk

ifj;kstuk dk;Z

(i) irk yxk, fd vkiosQ {ks=k esa,d fo'ks"k ekSle ls dkSu lsxkusa] u`R;] ioZ,oaHkkstu lacafkr gSa\ D;kHkkjr osQ nwljs{ks=kksalsbuesa dqN lekurk gS \

(ii) Hkkjr osQ fofHkUu {ks=kksa osQ fo'ks"k xzkeh.k edkuksarFkk yksxksadh os'k&Hkw"kk osQ iQksVksxzkiQ bdV~Bs dhft,Ansf[k, fd D;k muesavkSj mu {ks=kksadh tyok;q dh n'kkvksarFkk mPpkop esa dksbZlacak gSA
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tyok;q

Lo;adjus osQ fy,

1. lkj.kh&1 esa nl izfrfufk LFkkuksaosQ vkSlr ek; ekfldrkieku rFkk vkSlr ekfld o"kkZfn;k x;k gSA bldk v;;udjosQ izR;sd LFkku osQ rkieku vkSj o"kkZosQ vkjs[k cukb,Abu vkjs[kksadksns[kdj vkidksbu LFkkuksaosQ rkieku vkSj o"kkZosQ varj dk rqjar irk py tk,xkA ;gk,d vkjs[k mnkgj.kosQ fy, fn;k x;k gSA D;k vki blosQ v;;u ls vius ns'kdh tyok;qdh fofHkUu n'kkvksaosQ ckjsesadksbZvuqeku yxkldrsgSa\ gesavk'kk gSfd bUgsatkudj vkidkscM+h izlUurkgksxhA fuEufyf[kr vH;kl dhft,A

2. nl LFkkuksadks rhu fHkUu eksa esafyf[k, &(i) fo"kq or~ o`klsmudh nwjh osQ e esa(ii) leqnzry lsmudh mQpkbZosQ e esa

fp=k 1 % fnYyh & rkieku vkSj o"kkZ3. (i) lokZ fkd o"kkZ okys nks LFkku(ii) nks'kq"dreLFkku(iii) lokZ fkd leku tyok;qokysnksLFkku(iv) tyok;q esavR;fkd varj okysnksLFkku(v) nf{k.k&if'peh ekulwu dks vjc lkxj 'kk[kk osQ }kjk lokZfkd izHkkfor nksLFkku(vi) nf{k.k&if'peh ekulwu dh caxky dh [kkM+h 'kk[kk }kjk lokZfkd izHkkfor nksLFkku(vii) nksuksa ls izHkkfor nksLFkku(viii) ykSVrh gqbZrFkk mkj&iwohZekulwu lsizHkkfor nks LFkku(ix) if'peh fo {kksHkksaosQ }kjk 'khr rqesao"kkZ izkIr djus okysnks LFkku(x) laiw .kZHkkjresa lokZfkd o"kkZokys nkseghus

(xi) fuEufyf[kreghuksa esa lokZfkd xeZ nks eghus&(d) iQjojh([k) vizSy(x) ebZ (?k) twu

4. vc Kkr dhft,&(i) fFk#ouaFkiq je~rFkk f'kykax esatqykbZdh vis{kk twu esa vfkd o"kkZD;ksa gksrh gS\(ii) tqykbZ esa fFk#ouaFkiqje~ dh vis{kk eqacbZ esa vfkd o"kkZD;ksa gksrh gS\(iii) psUubZ esanf{k.k&if'peh ekulwu osQ }kjk de o"kkZD;ksa gksrh gS\(iv) f'kykax esa dksydkrk dh vis{kk vfkd o"kkZD;ksa gksrh gS\(v) dksydkrk esatqykbZesatwu lsvfkd o"kkZD;ksagksrh gS\ blosQ foijhr] f'kykax esatwu esatqykbZlsvfkd o"kkZD;ksagksrh gS\(vi) fnYyh esa tkskiqj ls vfkd o"kkZ D;ksa gksrh gS\

5. vc lksfp,! ,slk D;ksagksrk gS&fFk#ouaFkiqje~dh tyok;qle gSAns'k osQ vf/drj Hkkxksaesaekulwuh o"kkZosQ lekIr gksusosQ ckn gh psUubZesavfkd o"kkZ gksrh gS\tkskiqj dh tyok;qm".k e#LFkyh; gSAysg esayxHkx iwjs o"kZe; o"kZ.k gksrk gSAfnYyh vkSj tkskiqj esavfkdrj o"kkZ yxHkx rhu eghuksa esagksrh gS] ysfdu fFk#ouaFkiqje~ vkSj f'kykax esao"kZosQ 9 eghuksa

rd o"kkZgksrh gSA
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ledkyhu Hkkjr

xaHkhjrklsfopkj dhft, fd bu lc rF;ksaosQ ckotwn D;k gekjsikl bl fu"d"kZij igqpus osQ fy, iq"Vizek.k gS fdiwjsns'k esa tyok;qdh lkekU; ,drk cuk, j[kusesaekulwu dk vR;fkd egoiw.kZ ;ksxnku gSA

rkfydk&I

osaQnz ns'kkarj v{kka'k tu- iQj- ekpZ vizS- ebZ tw u tqykbZ vx- flr- vDrw- uo- fnl- okf"kZ d(ehVj) o"kkZ

rkieku (

ls) 20.5 22.7 25.2 27.1 26.7 24.2 23.0 23.0 23.1 22.9 18.9 20.2caxykSj 1258'm 909o"kkZ(lseh) 0.7 0.9 1.1 4.5 10.7 7.1 11.1 13.7 16.4 15.3 6.1 1.3 88.9

rkieku (ls) 24.4 24.4 26.7 28.3 30.0 28.9 27.2 27.2 27.2 27.8 27.2 25.0eqacbZ 19m 11

o"kkZ(lseh) 0.2 0.2 1.8 50.6 61.0 36.9 26.9 4.8 1.0 183.4

rkieku (ls) 19.6 22.0 27.1 30.1 30.4 29.9 28.9 28.7 28.9 27.6 23.4 19.7dksydkrk 2234'm 6

o"kkZ(lseh) 1.2 2.8 3.4 5.1 13.4 29.0 33.1 33.4 25.3 12.7 2.7 0.4 162.5

rkieku (ls) 14.4 16.7 23.3 30.0 33.3 33.3 30.0 29.4 28.9 25.6 19.4 15.6fnYyh 29m 219

o"kkZ(lseh) 2.5 1.5 1.3 1.0 1.8 7.4 19.3 17.8 11.9 1.3 0 .2 1.0 67.0

rkieku (ls) 16.8 19.2 26.6 29.8 33.3 33.9 31.3 29.0 20.1 27.0 20.1 14.9tks/iqj 2618'm 224

o"kkZ(lseh) 0.5 0.6 0.3 0.3 1.0 3.1 10.8 13.1 5.7 0.8 0 .2 0.2 36.6

rkieku (ls) 24.5 25.7 27.7 30.4 33.0 32.5 31.0 30.2 29.8 28.0 25.9 24.7pSUubZ 134'm 7

o"kkZ(lseh) 4.6 1.3 1.3 1.8 3.8 4.5 8.7 11.3 11.9 30.6 35.0 13.9 128.6

rkieku (ls) 21.5 23.9 28.3 32.7 35.5 32.0 27.7 27.3 27.9 26.7 23.1 20.7ukxiqj 219'm 312

o"kkZ(lseh) 1.1 2 .3 1 .7 1 .6 2 .1 22.2 37.6 28.6 18.5 5.5 2.0 1.0 124.2

rkieku (ls) 9.8 11.3 15.9 18.5 19.2 20.5 21.1 20.9 20.0 17.2 13.3 10.4f'kykax 2434'm 1461

o"kkZ(lseh) 1.4 2.9 5.6 14.6 29.5 47.6 35.9 34.3 30.2 18.8 3.8 0.6 225.3

rkieku (ls) 26.7 27.3 28.3 28.7 28.6 26.6 26.2 2.6.2 26.5 26.7 26.6 26.5fFk#ouaFkiqje~ 829'm 61

o"kkZ(lseh) 2.3 2.1 3.7 10.6 20.8 35.6 22.3 14.6 13.8 27.3 20.6 7.5 181.2

rkieku (ls) 8.5 7.2 0.6 6.1 10.0 14.4 17.2 16.1 12.2 6.1 0.0 5.6ysg 34m 3506

o"kkZ(lseh) 1.0 0.8 0.8 0.5 0.5 0.5 1.3 1.3 0.8 0.5 0.5 8.5
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