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e.s. 1440 ni> smymi> p>jibni ucm*lAYin a[Tl[ j m*ltin gim[ ~) emimSih mhirijni[ jm Yyi[ t[ vKt[ ai k*L dr[k r)t[ aigL pDt&> s&(S(xt an[ s>Akir) ht&>.vPi[ m&y kim ht&> t[ miT[ t[ai[ gim[gim frti rh[ti t[mni didini> smyY) t[ai[ m*ltin gim[ rh[vi liyi an[ pC) t[ BiySiL) p&$Pni G[r emimSih nim FirN ky& Xin an[ aiRmXin jmY) j ht&> cir[ v[di[n&> pN s>p*N. pr>t& li[kr)t) m&jb t[mni pilk(ptia[ t[mn[ (nSiLmi> BNvi mi[k9yi. e.s. 1448 siln) vit C[. a[k (dvs (ptipi b[qi hti Ryir[ t[mni (ptia[ ~) emimSih mhirijn[ b\MXinni[ upd[S g&jritni li[ki[n[ aipvi miT[ jvin) rji aip).m&sifr) miT[ a[k rY j[v) bLdgiD)n) svir) an[ s[vi miT[ pi[tini prm (Soy hijrv)rn[ pN t[mn) siY[ mi[k9yi.(ptin) aiXin&> piln krvi sd`g$ ~) emimSih mhirij pi[tin s[vk {hijrv)r} siY[ g&jrit jvi n)k9yi t[ vKt[ t[mn) u>mr mi#i aiq vPvt 1515 ni kirtk vd a[kmni> (dvs[ sd`g&$ emimSih mhirij hijrv)r siY[ Di>gp\d[Smi> jvi n)k9yi Di>g p\d[Smi> g)c j>gl an[ mi[Ti ki[tri[ hti t[Y) Ryi>Y) jv& ji[Km) ht&> emimSih mhirij[ hijrv)rn[ rY F)m[ clivvi khy&>. rY a[k ki[trmi> utrvi liyi[ rAti[ By>kr hti[ an[ d[Kiti[ pN n hti[ hijrv)r rAti[ Si[Fvi fi>fi> mirti hti a[Tlimi> a[k l*>Tiri[ nJk aivti[ d[Kiyi[ hijrv)r gBriyi sd`g&$a[ t[mn[ F)rj aip) sd`g$ni kpDi an[ pi[Pik ji[e l*Tirin[ l*Tvin&> mn Yy&> an[ Fn&OybiN cDiv) di[r)K[>c) sd`g&$a[ gBriyi vgr ay b>FnY) l*Tirini> hiYpg bi>F) d)Fi ai ji[e l*Tiri[ K*b gBriyi[ hv[ ji[ aiv) j dSi aiK) (jd>g) rh[S[ ti[ miri pr)virn&> BrNpi[PNn&> S&> YS[ ai (vcirY) j a[ YrYrvi liyi[ ai l*Tirin&> nim niyi[ ht&>.sd`g&$n[ dyi aiv) an[ b>Fn Q)li piDyi an[ niyi[ sd`g&$n) pis[ jen[ d>Dvt p\Nim krvi liyi[ Ryir[ sd`g&$ bi[9yi niyi ai pipn&> kim Si miT[ kr[ C[.niyi[ kh[ C[ k[ miri pr)virn&> BrNpi[PN krvi miT[ k$> C&> Ryir[ sd`g&$a[ khy&> k[ mh[nt mj&r) kr)n[ pN pr)virn&> BrNpi[PN kr) Skiy C[ ti[ ai pip km< Si miT[ kr[ C[.sd`g&$a[ khy&> k[ tiri pr)virn[ p*C) aiv k[ ai pipkm tm[ miri Big)dir YSi[ Kri>? Ryir[ mi>bip,Ci[kri,pRn)a[ pN ni piD) d)F). pC) niyi[ n)riS Ye sd`g&$ pis[ aiyi[ an[ kh[ C[. ai pipkm fL Bi[gv&> C&>.niyi[ hiYji[D) sd`g&$n[ kh[ C[ mn[ hv[ ai pip kmY Fm k[ hv[ gim[ gim fr)n[ ai stp>Y Fm kh) sd`g&$ aigL rvini Yyi an[ ci>Li[d Ye aviKl {J- vDidri} gim[ je aij&bij&ni> li[ki[n[ stp>Y Fm pC) gim[gim t[ai[ stp>YFm upd[S miT[ frvi liyi.frti frti t[ai[ cri[tr Jini> vsi[ gim[ jvi n)k9yi vsi[ gimmi> k[Svlil nimni> a[k ~)m>t an[ n)(tvin g\ZhAY rh[ti hti. a[mn[ Ryi> sd`g&N) an[ s>Akir) pi hti[ a[n&> nim BiBirim ht&>. Yi[Di smy pC) BiBirimni> miti(pti m&Ry&> piyi t[Y) bF) jvibdir) BiBirim pr aiv) pD) ht) t[ pi[tini (ptin) j[m j t)v\ b&(SiL) an[ Fi(m anx[#i S$ ky&.j[n) (nSin) aij[ pN C[.a[k (dvs BiBirim d[vi gim[ gyi Ryi>Y) vsi[ gim piCi frti hti rAtimi> niyikikini[ m[Lip Yyi[ s>tmhiRmi gm[ Ryi> an[ gm[ Ryir[ gm[ t[ v[S[ hi[y ti[ pN t[mni tpi[bLn) s&vis Cin) rh[t) nY).sd`g&$ni s>pktniyikiki prm pd[ phi[>c[li a[k mhin p&$P hi[viY) t[mni dSY) utr) niyikiki pis[ jiy C[. Ryir[ niyikikia[ BiBirimn[ kh[ C[ k[ h&> a[k prli[k p>Y) C&> smig< B*l) h&> aiD[ mig[< cQ) gyi[ hti[ pN sd`g&$ emimSih mhirijni> dSYni upd[SY) siri mig< upr aiyi[ C&> a[m s>t niyikikia[ khy&> pC) BiBirim mhirij niyikikin[ pi[tini Gr[ le gyi.FNi (dvs s&F) bn[ vc[ st`s>g an[ Fm< (vP[ cYFm trt Bkt BiBirimn[ pi[tini p*vti ni kri[ h&> pip krniri[ hi[vi Cti> k[vL t[mni dS tm[ ti[ FmBit,p>cmhil,pivigQ,ci>pin[r an[ vDi[dri Ye d[vi gim[ aiyi hti a[ vit niyikikia[ a>trXinY) jiN) t[mN[ Bkt BiBirimn[ khy&> tmir[ ji[ sdg&$ni> dS C[.ai si>BL) BiBirimn[ GNi[ ain>d Yyi[ b>[ jNi d[vigim[ jvi n)kyi sdg&$ni> m&kim[ p>hi[yi Ryi> ti[ a>tryim) sdg&$ mhirij sim[Y) mLvi aiyi niyikiki an[ BiBirim mhirij sdg&$n[ pg[ liyi sdg&$a[ t[mn[ Qai(l>gn aiy&>.sdg&$ emimSih mhirij[ Bkt BiBirimn[ mi[xmig< s>b>F) Xin aiy&> t[Y) t[mn&> mn (AYr Yy&> pC) t[ai[ sdg&$n) aiXi le tpVyi< krvi vnmi> gyi niyikiki pN stp>Yni[

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nmi[ (nOkl>k) niriyN nmi[ nm:upd[S aipvi miT[ d[Sd[sivr n)kL) gyi. ai trf sdg&$ emimSih mhirij frti frti g)rmYi gim[ aiv) phi[>yi ai gim amdividY) mi#i 15 miel d*r C[.g)rmYi gimmi> a[k s*kiBY tLivn) vci[vc pDiv ni>K) Ryi> t>b& bi>F) rhyi an[ hijrv)rn[ gimmi> pT[l pis[ bLd miT[ Gisciri[ l[vi mi[k9yi pT[l[ hijrv)rn[ khy&> k[ amiri p\d[Smi> sit vPg) C[ miT[ tmn[ Gisciri[ kyi>Y) aip)a[ ! ji[ sdg&$n) kZpiY) vrsid vrsiv) Skti hi[v ti[ Gis mLS[ a[v&> pT[l[ hijrv)r n[ khy&> ai pC) c*pcip hijrv)r sdg&$ pis[ jen[ b[s) gyi sdg&$ ai bF) p(r(AYt) jiN) gyi Cti> hijrv)rn[ p*Cy&> k[ Gis liyi ?. hijrv)r[ jvib aiyi[ sitvPh) d&kiL pD) rhyi[ C[ Gis kyi>Y) hi[y?. 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4

nmi[ (nOkl>k) niriyN nmi[ nm:snitn Fm(drni> vtY Fm a[ni mhRvni[ p\cir p\sir kyi[< C[.

aipNi p*v a[kti t[mj (dy aidSi[ ht&>.t[ai[ smijn[ a[k p(rvirni $pmi> ji[ti hti.pr>t* vt smij k[Tl)k kl)y&g) ghn smAyiai[ni[ simni[ kr) rhyi[ C[.smijni k[Tlik mig< B*l[li Bieai[ pirAp(rk W[P Bivnin[ kirN[ a[k b)jini S#i*ai[ bn) smijmi> Ki[Ti[ klh utp kr) rhyi C[. an[ simiJk a[ktimi> biFi$p bn) rhyi C[ an[ j[mn&> c(r#y d[v j[v&> C[ t[ai[ vt nh)> bi>Fvimi> aiv[ ti[ smijn) a[ktin[ hi(n YS[.j[ smijn) p\g(tmi> biFi$p bnS[ an[ Biv)p[Q) mif nh) kr[ smijni aivi S&B(c>tk vD)li[ smijmi> hyit C[ j[ai[ vt Si>(t t[mj s>vi(dti p\AYi(pt krvi dr[k p\kir[ smt& aivi vD)li[n[ m>c pr nY) aivvi d[viti.j[Y) aivi d[vp&$Pi[n) viN) smijn) jnti s&F) phi[>c) Skt) nY).jyir[ smijni kh[viti p\BivSiL) n[tiai[ k[ j[ai[ AviY)kirn) Bivniai[Y) r>giy[li hi[y C[.an[ t[mnimi> algtividn) Bivni j svi[ji[gi[mi> smijmi> p\vti[ t[mj smijni aig[vini[n) p(v#i frj bn[ C[ k[ smijn[ ai>t(rk r)t[ jgiDvi[.aijn) dr[k y(ktn[ pi[tpi[tin) smiJk Fi(m(bk p(r(AYt) p\Ry[ sc[tn bniv) smijmi> jigZ(t livv) an[ smijmi> s>vi(dti AYi(pt krvi stt p\yRnS)l rh[v&> pDS[.smiJk a[kti miT[ b)jin[ smjvi[ a[ j utm mig< C[.j[m j>glmi> vZxi[ a[kqi> Yiy ti[ vn bn[ C[.bLvi j[vi> likDi> a[>kqi Yiy ti[ hvn bn[ C[.t[m smijmi> minv minv a[k bn[ ti[ smij upvn bn[ C[.

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5

nmi[ (nOkl>k) niriyN nmi[ nm:j[ ai p\miN[ C[.

a[mi ly&> C[ k[ j[mi> pi>c qrivi[ p]k) cir qrivi[mi> s>ti[Pkirk CNivT Yy[l.fkt a[k qriv p&rti ki[T< k[Si[ Yyi C[ t[ni[ s&Kd smiFin Yiy t[vi s(hyiri p\yRni[ krvi t[v&> nkk) krvimi> aiy&>.

hv[ aipN[ stp>Y)Bieai[ Wiri j[ k[S krvimi> aiyi t[n) cci< kr)a[.n)t) SiA#ikir kh[ C[ k[ :- kirN(vni kiy a(n j$r hi[vi[ j ji[ea[ aipNi smijni b>FirNn) ji[give m&jb kyi>y pn snitn Sd aivti[ nY) b>FirNn) p[Ti klm n> 2 Xi(t :- Xi(t a[Tl[ kC kDvi pi(Tdir an[ t[ni v>Sji[.1997 mi> aiw jgtg&$ ~) krsndisJ mhirij[ nK#iiNimi> a(Kl Birt)y s>t s>m[lnn&> aiyi[jn ky&< ht&> t[mi> BirtBrni> an[k siF&s>ti[ an[ S>kricigmi> j[ kC kDvi pi(Tdirni Bieai[ gyi hti t[ai[n[ smijY) bhir krvimi> aiyi hti.smijni b>FirNn) ki[e pN klmn&> ul>Gn Yy&> n ht&> Cti>y j[ Bieai[ ai p\s>gmi> gyi hti t[ai[n[ smijY) bhir krvimi> aiyi hti.

jyir[ smijni> aig[vin Bieai[ Wiri stp>Y Fm aiv) Ryir[ smijn[ jiN hi[vi Cti>y smij Wiri uc)t pgl&> n l[ti (nriFirn) j[m ki[y shiri[ n hi[viY) ki[TYn) upr T)ki kr[ C[.j&vi[ piT)dir s>d[S 10m) ji. 2010 p[j {37}.ti 07-082009ni ri[j smijn) simiy sBimi> am&k snitn) Bieai[ Wiri p#in&> vi>cvini[ aig\h krvimi> aiyi[.p#ini> vi>cn pC) snitn) Bieai[ trfY) ug\ rjaiti[ krvimi> aiv) j[mi>Y) k[Tlik Bieai[ trfY) aSi[Bn)y BiPi viprvimi> aiv) ai upri>t smijni aig[vini[a[ smiFinn) Ki#i) aipvi Cti> t[ai[ ~)ni trfY) BirtBrni> smijn[ Tpili[ tYi m[g[z)ni[ Wiri ah[vil mirft[ aipNi smijmi> g[rsmjN uB) krvin&> kim

6

nmi[ (nOkl>k) niriyN nmi[ nm:ky& aiyi[ hi[t.snitn) Bieai[ Wiri stp>Y upr j[ T)ki krvimi> aiv[ C[ an[ a[k stp>Y) hi[viY) a[mn) bF) j S>kiai[ni[ k\mvir (vgtsr jvib aipvi miT[ m[> klmni[ shiri[ len[ lKvin&> kiy< cil& ky&< C[.

(1) stp>Y Fm< S&> C[. ?

sv m*L sRy pr aiFi(rt C[, ai a(ot)y sRy C[. j[ r)t[ a[k nin& b)j mi[Ti vZxni[ aiFir C[ t[j p\kir[ s&m mhin sRy{aiRmi}n[ ai[LKvini> migt emimSih mhirija[ stp>Y nim aiy& C[. {ai[m} p\Nv b\Mn&> AmrN krvin) siY[ jyi[(t Av$p prb\Mn&> yin krvin&> stp>Y Fm btiy&> C[.s*f) s>t emimSih mhirija[ minv Jvnni[ a>(tm y[y mi[x p\i(t btiyi[ C[.mi[xn) yiyi s*f) s>ta[ Bkti[n[ mi#i si[L srL Sdi[ k(ltirk m>#i tr)k[ n)c[ m&jb kr) C[. ~) (nOkl>k)niriyNiy nmi[ nm: upri[kt m>#ini[ jip an[ (c>tn krviY) JviRmin[ s>sirn) mi[hmiyiY) C*Tkiri[ aip) prb\Mn) p\i(t Yiy C[. s*f) s>t emimSih mhirija[ m*Lb>F g\>Y mi> tRv dSBkLS, vi(ryXn&> tRvXin tYi aiRmXinni[ smiv[S kyi[< C[.s*f) s>ta[ vi(ryXmi> nv avtiri[n[ v>dn tYi dSmi avtir ~) (nOkl>k) niriyNn) p*ji krvini[ aid[S aiyi[ C[. j[mi pi>c d[v, b\Mi,(vON&,mh[S,S(ktmiti tYi ai(d niriyNn&> p*jn krvimi> aiv[ C[. (Sxip#i) mi> si[ (k\yiai[n&> piln krvin&> btiy& C[. j[mi B*yin[ a,trAyin[ piN) vh)nn[ v aipv&>,l)l& ziD n kipv&>,pS& lEn[ n v[cv&>,prgmn n krv&>,Jvmi#i pr dyi riKv),avg&N krviviLi pr dyi krv).xmi mi>gi[ tYi xmi aipi[ vg[r[.s*f) s>t emimSih mhirija[ pi[t[ pi[tin&> km(tm smy[ pi[tini pi>c Kis (SOyi[n[ bi[liyi j[mi {1} hijrb[g {p)riNi} {2} niyikiki mhirij {k&ks} {3} BiBirim mhirij {d[vigim} {4} siv) k)k)biE {Ngim} {5} SiNikiki {p)riNi}. Ai (SOyi[n[ aid[S aiyi[ k[ tm[ bFi jyi[(tpi#imi> jyi[t riKi[ j[ t[mN[ pi[tin) yi[g S(ktY) jit[ p\jv(t kr) ht) t[ aK>D (dy jyi[t nimY) ai[LKiy C[.s*f) s>tEmimSiha[ pi[tin) bF) j (dy S(kt jyi[(t Av$p[ p\jv(t kr) pi[t[ smi(FOT Yyi. ai aK>D jyi[tni> dSD jyi[t sim[ yin Fr)n[ prb\Mmi> l)n Yiy C[. Ryi> b[D) ph[rvin) pN a[k miyti cil) aiv[ C[. j[n) mni[kimnip*N< Yvin) hi[y ti[ b[D) aipi[aip b[ Dgli> cilti K*l) jiy C[>.s*f) s>t EmimSih mhirija[ vcn aiy& C[ k[ sf[d Fji,(nOkl>k)niriyN Bgvinn&> (shisn,ci>d)n) pid&ki,k&>BkLS,vi(ryX,aK>D jyi[t an>tkiL s&F) rh[S[.s*f) s>t[ cir v[dn) giy#i) tYi pi>cm) mi[x mig piln Q (nyY) krv&>. {a} sRy : bi[lvi an[ aicrNmi> h>m[Si sRy an[ (nOkpT b&( an[ mZd&viN)n&> avl>bn krv&>.{ai} p&r&PiY< : Fm. Ai si(Rvk s>p(t kh[viy, pN ayiy,j&lm k[ Ki[Ti mig[< m[Lv[l) s>p(tni[

upBi[g l[nir miNs h)n bn[ C[. t[Y) yiy an[ n)t)ni mig[< j Fn m[Lvv&>.{3} kim : (vPy s[vn k[ E>(Wyi[ni x(Nk upyi[gmi> B[rviE n rh[v&>. visniai[ Jt) E>(Wyi[ upr kib* m[Lvvi[.{4} mi[x : v[d (v(ht m&(kt mig(tm y[y p\it krvi p\yRnS)l rh[v&>. a[m krvimi>

aivS[ ti[ j minvjm siY frk nh)> rh[.{E} p\[m : ki[Eni p\Ry[ W[P, (trAkir k[ ad[KiE n riKti, a[kb)ji p\Ry[ p\[mBivY) rh[v&>. di[Pi[ trf n ji[ti> g&N

g\hN kr) p\[mY) rh[v&>.{u} smin Biv : aipNimi> an[ b)jimi> rh[li[ aiRmi a[k j C[ a[v) aiRmi]pjy b&( riKv). aipN[ bFi a[k j EVrni

biLki[ C)a[. ki[E nin&> mi[T&> nY) a[ W(OTY) bFi siY[ b>F&Rv BivY) rh[v&>.{a[} a(h>si : sRp>Y mig a(h>si a[ a[k mhin tRv C[. pS& px) k[ ay p\iN)n[ mirviY) j (h>si Yiy C[ t[m j mir !

a[Tl&> kh[viY) k[ ligN) d&BivviY) pN (h>si Yiy C[. a[Y) n](tk aF:ptn Yiy C[.{a]} pri[pkir : smig[< jniri p\Ry[kn[ mdd aipvi h>m[Si t]yir rh[v&> S& b&(Y) an[ (nOkimBivY) d&:K)jni[n) s[vi krv)

an[ dr[kni kyiNn) Bivni riKv) t[mj sRp&$Pi[n) s[vi krv).{ai]} xmi : aipNn[ d&:K k[ kOT aipnirn[ xmi aipv) a[ aipN) frj C[.{2} p\(tXi :{a} sRp>Yn) dr[k p\(tXin&> piln krv&>.sd`gi[r EmimSih[ yvhir ktbF[

kr[li (nymi[n&> piln krv&>.{ai} biLki[n[ sRp>Yn) (SKimN aipv) : pi[tini> s>tini[n[ biLpNY) j Fm< (SxN pN aipvimi> aivS[ ti[ j s>AkZ(t TkS[>.{E} a>F~ini[ Ryig an[ Xin W(OTn&> avl>bn : aXin k[ a>F~iY) rh[vimi> Ktri[ C[. t[Y) v[d, up(nPdi[ vg[r[ st`Sii[

upr t[mj sd`g&$vcn upr Q~i an[ (nOqi riKv).{3} (nym : {a} Sr)r S&( {ai} Hdy S&( {E} v\t {E} upisni {u} y[y{a} Sr)r S&( : liEs&tk {v&(-jnn Si]c} ),p\s&t Yyi pC) t[N)a[ svi m(hni[ a[Tl[ 40 (dvs an[ gi[#iji[a[ 11 (dvs

s&F) s*tk piLv&>. mrN s*tk, mrN p\s>g[ gi[#iji[a[ 11 (dvs s&F) s*tk piLv&>. mi(sk Fm< vKt[ )a[ 4

7

nmi[ (nOkl>k) niriyN nmi[ nm:(dvs s&F) ki[En[ ApS< krvi[ n(h>. Anin Si]ci(d bibti[mi> Si m&jb vt an[ sd`g&$ vcn m&jb t)Y#ii[ pciri(dY) S& Yv&>.

{ai} Hdy S&( : aml) {k[f)} pdiYi[< a[Tl[ lsN,D&>gL),(h>g,tmik&>,af)N,gi>ji[,Bi>g,tiD),mi>s-m(dri vg[r[ (nP[ vAt&ai[ni[ Ryig krvi[. kirN k[ ai pdiYi[tnY) pN mn&Oyn[ h)nti aiv[ C[. miNs aiRm(c>tnY) d*r rh[ C[. an[ ais&r) s>p(t vF[ C[. ai mhipipY) mn&Oyn&> aF:ptn Yiy C[, t[Y) v[dmi> (nP[F kr[l vAt&ai[ni[ Ryig kr) si(Rvk a pdiYi[ s[vn krv&> aiY) Hdy S&( Yiy C[. mn p\B& B(ktmi> t)n Yiy C[. d](v s>p(t vF[ C[.

{e} v\t : y&g Fm< m&jb dr[k m(hnin) s&d) b)jn&> v\t krv&>, t[mj Yivr b)jn&> mhiv\t krv&>. t[mj dsv>t s*(kZt,p&Ny(tY), ~i,utr kiyD ~i (vg[r[ bibti[ stp>Y p*ji(v(F p\miN[ krv). mhi(Svri#i),rimnvm),gi[k*L aOTm),g&$p*(N.

{E} upisni : (nRy (dnmi> ct&OT s>yi krv).{1} p\Bit[ - s*yi[{2} bpi[r[ - bir viy[{3} si>j[ - s*yi#in&> yin (c>tn krv&> an[ stp>Yni vcnin&sir v$Nd[v vi(ryX GTpiT p*ji krv).{u} y[y : aij k(Ly&gni a>(tm dSmi avtir aiw (vON& ~) (nOkl>k) niriyN t[mj aiwS(kt mitin[ t[mj p\Nv m>#i

n[ y[y p&$P minvi.

. y&g Fm< an[ y&g g&$

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ai k(Ly&gmi> aFm< S) r)t[ f[liS[ t[ s>bFn&> vNsi,(vVisGit, vg[r[ bFi anYi[< d&(nyimi> ci[m[r f[liS[.b\iMNx#i)y v]y S*W a[ cir vNi[ a[kikir YS[ an[ li[ki[ d&:K) YS[.pi[tini k&Lni aiciri[ Ci[D) aicirB\OT an[ S)lB\OT YS[.mn&Oyn) minvti,S& aicir(vcir vg[r[ nOT YS[ an[ li[ki[ (k\yiB\OT YS[.kmD) kh[vDivniri li[ki[ Fmi a[k>kir YS[ (vvih (vg[r[ni m>gl(v(Fmi> B>giN pDS[ an[ t[ niS pimS[.st),p(tv\ti,k&Lvin an[ S)lvin (yi[(k\yi B\OT an[ S)lB\OT YS[.rijiai[ p\jin[ r>jiDS[.p\ji pN t[v) j YS[.y(t siF& (vg[r[ pN pi[tini kmi[< Ci[D) aFm) (vpr)tpN[ YS[ an[ d&(nyimi> sv f[rfir YE kiLc\k bdliS[ a[Tl[ akiL[ vPi< YS[.agr d&kiL pDS[, anij ai[C&> pikS[.vZxn[ siri fLi[ aivS[ nh)>,t[ fLf&l (vhi[Ni YS[.anij an[ fLmini rsks (nkL) jS[,an[ sRv vgrn&> anij Kivi mLS[,t[Y) li[ki[ mi>sihir),ysn),d&OT,ayiy),(nbB) jS[.sm&W,nd),tLivni piN) s&kiE jS[.s*yp YS[,aigi[ ligS[,c[p)ri[gi[ fiT) n)kLS[.ai r)t[ kiLck\mi> f[rfir YS[.a[mi pN Birt d[Sni utr[ aiv[l c)n d[Smi ki(l>gi nimni[ rixs avtrS[.tpyig) an[ b[Emin YS[.a[mni pi[tin hiY n)c[ni m&y m&y (SOyi[n[ t[ d[S (vd[S mi[kl) pi[tin&> mhRv vN kh[S[.a[ (SOyi[ an[k KTpTi[ kr),cmRkir kr) btivS[.li[ki[n[ t[ kh[S[ k[ ami[ t)Y G) kr) btivS[.likDini Gi[Din[ Gi>s cKiDS[.kil)>gi[> d]Ry pi[t[ a#i>g) aisn upr b[sS[.sit p[Q)ni mi bip d[KiDS[.li[ki[n) mni[kimniai[ p*r) krS[,nd)mi> k[nili[ Ki[d) piN) vh[vDivS[.nd)ni pi#i plTivS[.dinvi[n[ d[v gNS[.aRyicir) bn) sjjni[n&> pi(v#y bgiDS[. ai r)t[ li[ki[n[ pi[tin) miyijiLmi> fsiv) pi[tin) sti p\AYi(pt krS[. sici Bkti[ miT[ ai ksi[T)$p C[. pi[tin&> Emin kiym riK) j[ Q (nyY) prm[Vrn&> (nkl>k) niriyNn&> Bjn S$ krS[,nimAmrN Ci[DS[ nh) t[j rixsi[Y) a(lt rh[S[ an[ sici[ Bkt kh[vDivS[ aivi Bkti[n[ d&OT li[ki[ pjyi vgr rh[S[ nh) (vg[r[ aigmXin sd`g&$ EmimSih[ vN C[.pZ v) upr pipni[ Bir vFS[ t[ utirvi miT[ k[ hlki[ krvi miT[ EVrn[ avtir l[vi[ pDS[.p>cnd) m*LAYin upr d[v dinvn) a[Tl[ (nkl>k niriyN an[ kil)>gi* rixs vc[ lDiE YE EVr dinvn[ mir) ni>K) pZ v) uprni[ pipni[ Bir d*r krS[ an[ c)n d[Sni[ jlp\ly Yvi miT[ sm&Wmi> D&biDS[. aigmviN)nimni g\>Ymi> sd`g&$a[ ai p\miN[ jNiy& C[.ai uprY) aipNn[ t[mni agiF aigm Xinni[ yil aiv) SkS[.

*( ( ))

9

nmi[ (nOkl>k) niriyN nmi[ nm:ai stp>Y y&g[y&gY) cilti[ aiv[li[ C[ t[ aij kilni[ nY) pN ani(d kilY) cilti[ aiyi[ C[.snitn C[ an[ t[j sRmig< sd`g&$a[ aipNn[ btiyi[ C[.EmimSih[ btiv[li st`p>Ymi> mi[T[ Big[ sRyni[ j smiv[S C[.prb\Mni ai sRyAv$pn[ j EmimSih[ st` nim aiy&> C[. ai st`n[ ai[LKvini[ j[ mig< t[j st`p>Y C[.

kLSp*ji an[ y&gFm Fm Av$p j[ t[ y&g Fm< p\miN[ j&d& j&d& hi[y C[. ai u(ktm&jb sd`g&$ EmimSih[ ct&y&kmi> n)c[ p\miN[ C[.

kZty&gmi> v[d p\Fin hi[viY) tmim Fmi aivt) ht) t[Y) li[ki[ utr trf mi[Q&> riK) v[d) giy#i) m>#ini[ jip krti.kZt y&gmi> sd`g&$ b\Md[v sZ(OTg&$ hti an[ Bkt p\hid hti[.s&vN aivti[ an[ v[d) m>#im&jb GTpiT p*ji an[ yX(v(F krti.stp`>Ymi> ai GTpiT p*ji (vF)ni[ Kis kr)n[ smv[S C[.kirN GTn[ q[kiN[ bFi d[v)d[vtiai[ni[ vis C[.klS AYipnni m>#imi> khy&> C[ k[ klSni m&KAYin[ (vON&,k>qAYin[ (Sv,m*lAYin[ b\Md[v C[.myBig[ mitZgN rh[li C[.t[mn) k&kmi> a[Tl[ a>dr ssm&W spZ(Wpi[sh pZ v),v[d,yj&v[ Si>(t an[ p&(OTdiyk giy#i) si(v#i) t[ pipniSk d[vti p*ji miT[ aiv[ C[.g>gi,ym&ni,gi[divr),srAv(t,nmF&,kiv[r) ai jLmi> aiv) (AYt rh[.v$Nn[ nmAkir hi[.g>Fixti s&>gF) f*li[ a[mn[ ap C&> a[m kh) f*li[ klSn[ cDivvi.a>drn&> jL t&Ls)p#iY) aYvi aicmn)Y) p*ji si(hRy upr CiTv&>.ai p\miN[ klSp*ji a[Tl[ v$Nd[vn) AYipni kr) li[ki[ jyi[(t Av$pn&> yin krti an[ t[ vKt[ Sr)rmi> viy&tRvni[ Big vF& p\miNmi> hi[viY) li[ki[ mZtd[hn[ j>glmi> Ci[D) d[ti t[Y) a[ viy&tRvmy d[h viy&mi> (vl)n Yti[.a[ Sr)rn) jripN d&gt[(OT s>Akirn[ vndig kh[ C[.ai r)tni[ y&gFm< kZty&gmi> piLvimi> aivti[.Ryir bid #i[tiy&gmi> mh(P< v(sOq a[ sd`g&$ y&gg&$ hti. t[mN[ btiv[li[ y&gFm< T>*kmi> ai p\miN[ C[.yj&v[d)ni klSn) AYipni krti.yj&v[#i p\miN[ jip krti.t[ vKt[ rimivtir p\m&K hi[viY) ~)rimn&> nimAmrN Yt&.mh(P< v(sOq y&gg&$ an[ Bkt riji h(rc>W hti[.r(vvirni (dvs[ ci]ds hi[y ti[ an>t ct&d v\t mhRvn&> minvimi> aivt&>.#i[tiy&gmi> Sr)rmi> jltRv vFir[ hi[viY) mZtd[hn&> piN)mi> (vsj (vl)n Yti[.ai a>t[(OT (vF)n[ jldig kh[ti #i[tiy&gmi> aivi[ y&gFm< aicrNmi> hti[.

pC) Wipry&gmi> v[dm*(t< yis a[ y&gg&$ hti.t[mN[ Wipry&gni[ j[ y&gFm< btiyi[ tp ai p\miN[ hti[. simv[dn[ d(xN (dSi mhRvn) hi[viY) d(xN trf hi[> riK) li[k simv[d) giy#i) m>#ini[ jip krti. ti>bini> (shisn upr ti>bini[ kLS AYip) simv[d) m>#i m&jb GTpiT p*ji(vF)Y) jyi[(tAv$p yin kr) kZON avtirn&> nimAmrN krti.sdg`&$ yis a[ y&gg&$ an[ pi>Dv a[ Bkt hti. si[mvt) amisni v\tn&> piln krv&> ~[Oq mnit&>.Sr)rmi> a(ntRv vFir[ hi[viY) mZtd[hn[ c>dnni likDiY) a(ndih krti.bLt) vKt[ a[ d&gF) rh[t) n(h.ai a>t[(OT (v(Fn[ a(ndih kh[ C[. aim Wipr y&gni[ y&gFm< hti[.kZty&gmi> b\Md[v[ j[ y&gFm< khyi[ t[mi> p(r(AYt) m&jb Yi[Di[ f[rfir kr) y&gg&$ v(sOq[ #i[tiy&gni[ Fm< khyi[ an[ Ryir pC) t[mi> pN smy m&jb f[rfir kr) Wipry&gmi> v[dm*(t< yisJa[ khyi[ an[ t[mi> p(r(AYt)n&sir f[rfir kr) kl)y&gmi> sd`g&$ EmimSih mhirija[ y&gFm< khyi[ t[ n)c[ p\miN[ C[.kl)y&gmi> aYv gL&> an[ B&ji vc[n&> a>g C[. simv[dY) yXp&$Pn&> Hdy an[ piCli[ Big (nmiN< Yy[l C[.ai pC) bik) rh[li[ Big yj&v[ p[T t[ uprni[ Big k(Tp\d[S,j>Gi an[ crN (vg[r[ S[P Sr)rn) k9pni krvimi> aiv) C[. t[ (dy$p an[ miyiy&kt p&$P agr a(vniS) t&r)y pd[Y) p\gT Yy[l C[.aiY) yXp&$Pn&> mAtk j[niY) by&> C[, j[mi> (v(SOT p\kirni[ yinyi[g kh[li[ C[ t[ ai aYvcL hi[y C[ pN t[niY) pN mn a(t c>cL hi[y C[. ai c>cL mnn[ (nL bnivvin) an[ dymi> aiRmini[ Si[F l[vin) (vwi j[mi> kh) C[ t[ j aYv aiyi[ C[. an[ t[Y) j sd`g&$ EmimSih mhirij[ ai aYv j[ m>#i bi[liy C[ t[ bFiym>#i aYv#iY) AmrN kr) mnmi> #iN[ jyi[(t a[k siY[ ji[v).ai p\miN[ a[k$p YviY) sRv,rj,tm a[ #iN g&Nni bdl[ a[k j S& sRvi>S g&N rh[ C[ t[j p\Nv$p[ p*N< prb\M C[. an[ t[n& j dS k[ j[Y) t[n[ hjiri[ s*y< j[vi t[jAv) prms&Kdiy) a[vi prm[Vrn&> dS t[n) aiRmijyi[t a[k$p YE miNs lxci[yiY) m&kt YS[.ai p\miN[ prmiRmi siY[ tWp Yv&> a[ Jvnn&> aiwkt#iY) p*jini AYL[ a>t(rxni an>t kri[D) d[v)d[vtiai[n&> aivihn krvimi> aiv[ C[.

aiw niriyN[ sJ< m&rt cir,ct&v[Y,Fr) avtirn[ bi>yi b>F,Avim) ! aYv aiv)n[ viskri[,piTn) p&jia[ rhi[,kLS mih[ kLi Fri[, GTGTmi> aiv) prvri[,aiwb\Mia[ GTpiT AYiyi ci[ (dS f[rv) d&hie,an>t$p[ c(r#i (kFi ktigi tYi aiXi>(kt s[vki[ni aim>#iN Av)kiri[,kLS mih[ tmir) kLi Fri[ Avim) ! tm[ n&r Av$p[ {t[ j amZt Av$p[} f*lvis,jl axtimih[ prvri[. ai p\miN[ uprn) bFi d[vtiai[n[ (vn>t) kr) aivihn krvimi> aiv[ C[, an[ p&ji Big Av)kirvi miT[ p&jini AYL[ bi[livimi> aiv[ C[. ai r)t[ a[ tmim GTpiT p&ji-yX(vF)ni AYL[ aiv[ C[.p(v#i nd)ai[ an[ t)Y< AYLi[ni[ (nvis Ryi> hi[y C[ t[Y) ain[ GTg>gi agr gtg>gi

10

nmi[ (nOkl>k) niriyN nmi[ nm:t)Y< kh[ C[.a[ni[ m(hmi agiF C[.tmim pivn t)Yi[< krti prm~[Oq an[ mhin fldiyk aiv&> ai g>git)Y< C[.a[ni[ m(hmi a(nv aYv riK) aYv#ini[ jip krvi[ an[ g&$ trfY) mL[li m>#in&> pN AmrN krv&>.aYvg hi[viY) sf[d v p(rFin krv&>. Ai y&gmi> Sr)rmi> mhiB*ti[ p]k) pZ v) a[Tl[ miT)tRv (vS[P p\miNmi> hi[viY) mZt miNsni[ d[h miT)mi> diTvi[ k[ j[Y) t[ miT)mi> (vl)n YS[.kL)y&gmi> pipn&> p\miN pN (vS[P hi[E p&y ai[C&> hi[y C[.t[Y) kL)y&gmi> stFm piln krnir p&$P Biy[ j d[Kiy C[.sd`g&$ kh[ C[ - kly&g kirN f>d rcis[ i t[ ti[ f>dmi> si] ki[E pDS[ ii a[k kN nim[ Avim)Jn[ (dJa[ i ti[ fl>#i sviliK (lJa[ ii.k(ly&g (sviy b)ji y&gi[mi> hjiri[ vP< s&F) tp kyi< pC) Yi[D&> fL mLt&> pN k(ly&gmi> Yi[Di smy miT[ Bgvinn&> nimAmrN krvimi> aiv[ ti[ hjirgN&> fL mL[ C[. vAt&ni[ a[kid kN pN dinmi> aipvimi> aiv[ ti[ pN t[n&> sviliKgN&> fL mL[ C[. t[Y) st`siFk miT[ ai aNmi[l tp C[.dr[k y&gmi> j[ t[ y&g (tY)n&> mhRv hi[y C[.sRy&gmi> a(gyirs,#i[tiy&gmi> ci]ds,oipry&gmi> amis t[m hil k(ly&gmi> s&d) b)j a[Tl[ c>WdS v\t minvimi> aiy&> C[.dr[k m(hnin) s&d) b)jn&> v\t krviY) Fm aiv[ C[ kirN b&Fvirn) amisni (dvs[ k(ly&gn&> m>DiN m>Diy&> C[.an[ S&k\virn) b)jni (dvs[ k(ly&gn) S$ait YE C[ {a[Tli miT[ j dr[k Fm< k[ jit)mi> S&k\vir d[vni[ (dvs mniy C[.ai p\miN[ S&k\virni ri[j c>WdS v\t k(Ly&gmi> ~[Oq minvimi> aiv[ C[.

sd`g&$ emimSiha[ khy& C[ p\Ryx aicrNmi> utiy&< C[ t[ a[ k[ S& G)n) jyi[t lgiDv) t[ni l)F[ (ctvZ(t si(Rvk an[ Si>t Yiy C[.t[v) jyi[(t kr) g&$trfY) mL[li m>#in&> aK>D AmrN kr) t[ jyi[(t siY[ to*p Yvi p\yRn krvi[.p\Ym pi[tin& mn Si>t (AYr an[ vS riKv&> ji[Ea[.ah>kir an[ mmRvni[ Ryig krvi[ ji[ea[ an[ E(Wy(ng\hY) mn kib&mi> riKv&> ji[Ea[ mn aWy hi[vi Cti t[ni[ Sr)r siY[ Qsb>F hi[viY) t[n[ vS krvini bFi p\yRn p\Ym Sr)r uprj krvi pD[ C[.v\t,tp,b\Mcydi an[ aiRmAt&t)ni[ Ryig,s&K-d&K shn krvin) T[v,dyiBiv vg[r[ (nymi[ (nyY) piLvi> ai bF& mni[ (ng\hmiT[ C[.ai (ng\hmiT[ sd`g&$ Xin$p a>k&S ji[Ea[.s>k9p (vk9pni[ Ryig kr) EVrn) upisni p*N< ~iY) krv) ji[ea[.t[jAv) prmjyi[t)n&> yin rit(dvs krv&> a[v) v[di[n) mn&Oymi#in[ aiXi C[ kirN k[ t[j prb\M C[.yin krvini[ h[t& a[ C[ k[ siFn$p j[ Sdp\Nv kir t[j v[d,a[n[ Sdb\M kh[ C[,aimi>Y) j v[d (vAtir piyi,kirj giy#i) C[,giy#i)ni kirn& t[mj g&$m>#in&> AmrN kr) EVr) t[jn&> yin krvimi> aiv[ ti[ mn&Oy (nOpip an[ (AYr (ctviLi[ Yiy C[ an[ p(rNim[ prb\Mni t[ji[vlymi> (vrim pim[ C[.

upr btiv[li[ yinni[ p\kir mi#i a[k b[ vKt krviY) sfL YS[ nh).a[ stt krvi[ ji[Ea[.(ctvZt)ni[ (nri[F a[Tl[ miyi mmtini[ Ryig.aini miT[ s>sir Ci[Dvin) j$r nY).s>sirmi> rh)n[ j mi[h mmti vg[r[ni[ Ryig krvi,p\p>c Ci[Dvi[ a[Tl[ v]riy nY) pN t[n) ais(kt Ci[Dv) a[n&> nim v]riy. aim miyimi[h c>clti (vg[r[ Ci[D) s>sirmi> rh)n[ j prmiY< krvi[ ji[Ea[.sd`g&$ EmimSih kh[ C[ k[ miri vhili BiE ai C[l) j tk C[,C[li[ j yi[g C[ s>ji[gi[vSt tn[ ai minv jm p*v EVrn) B(kt kr) nY) t[Y) ci[yi ai nrd[h piyi[ C[ ti[ ai aNmi[l d[h s>si(rk kim kijmi> v[Df) ni>K)S ti[ ai amZtsmi[ liB g&miv) b[s)S. tiri k[Tli minvjm Yyi t[n) tn[ Kbr nY) t[Y) hv[ ai C[9li[ j nrd[h C[ a[m min) aijs&F) sdg&$ vcn p\miN[ vRyi[< nh). EVrn) B(kt kr) nh) j[Y) Xin m9y&> nh). miT[ hv[ jigZt Yi an[ prmiY< mig[< jvin) S$ait kr.C[9l) j tk min) st`mig aicrN kr.

sd`g&$ kh[ C[ v[dSi kh[ t[ krv&> r[ BiEv[dSini (nymi[n&> piln kri[ pN a>F~i riKti nh) yi[y an[ sRy hi[y t[v&> aicrN kri[.a>tbiY Bjnivl) nimni g\>Ymi> stp>Yni tRvi[ (nymi[ mYiLi tL[ C[.stp>Y) BiEbh[ni[a[ t[ r)t[ vt.Xin mi#i ~vN k[ mnn miT[ nY) pN p\Ryx aicrvi miT[ C[.

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11

nmi[ (nOkl>k) niriyN nmi[ nm:C&>.d[viyt p>(Dtni Jvnc(r#imi> aiv[ C[ k[ d[viyt p>(Dt jyir[ GTpiT p*ji krti Ryir[ p*ji mi> kiym alKFN) m&Slmin p(rv[Smi> aivti an[ ai pqiN j[vi[ C[lbTiu Gi[Di pr kiym aivti[ {ai l[K rimd[v rimiyN p[j n> 37mi> btiy&> C[ j[ ~) h(rhr p&Atkily s&rtmi> Cpiyi[ C[}

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GD)ni[ 1 (dvsn[ rit Yiy ain[ g&Nikir kr)a[ ti[ 21600 Yiy an[ mNs 1 (dvsmi> 21600 Vis uVis l[ C[.hv[ ai 21600 ni[ dSmi[ Big dSi]d kh[viy.ai dSi]d (dFi vgr Jv pivn n Yiy prmiRmin[ m[Lv) n Sk[ 21600ni[ dSmi[ Big 2160 Yiy tmiri g&$a[ j[ m>#i aiyi[ hi[y a[n) 10 miLi svir an[ 10 miLi si>j[ Bgvinni nimn) krv) ji[ea[.a[k miLimi> 108 mLki hi[y 10 miLi kr)a[ ti[ 1080 Yiy aimiY) 80 nim tmn[ mif kr[ an[ 1000 nim ji[ g&$n) Cb)n[ Hdymi> le a[n[ Vis uVis[ AmrN kr) miLini[ mLki[ m*ki[ ti[ aiyiRm$p[ ri[jn&> Xin g\hN kr) Skiy an[ drri[jn&> Xin n kr)a[ ti[ Hdy m[l&> Yiy aipN[ ai B*m) upr Bir$p bn)a[.{4} smi(Fn) (k\yi :stp>Y Fm mZRy&bid mn&Oyni> Sr)rn[ B&(mdig {smi(F} aipvimi> aiv[ C[ j[ni[ siri>S n)c[ dSiY)ai[n[ apiy C[ a[v&> nY).stp>Y)ai[ (sviy s>yis),siF&gN,rbir),kb)rp>Y),hr)jni[ td`upri>t b\Mv[tiai[n[ bhi[L) s>yimi> B*(mdig apiy C[.y&g p\miN[ ni> dig SiA#ii[mi> s*cv[li C[.ph[li kti viy&dig hti[,b)ji #i[tiy&gmi> jLdig hti[,#i)ji Wipry&gmi> a(ndig hti[ an[ aij[ k(Ly&gmi> B*(mdigni[ ApOT u9l[K C[ j[ n)c[ni s>AkZt li[k prY) p*rvir Yiy C[.

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jyir[ GTpiT p*ji(vF) Yiy C[ Ryir[ p*jimi> b\M Av$p[ axtn[ piN)mi> trivimi> aiv[ C[ pC) ~) h(r (vON&n&> kLSmi> aihvin krvimi> aiv[ C[ Ryir[ e miT)n) gi[L)n[ kpDimi> dbiv) Bgvinni nv avtirn&> nim l[vimi> aiv[ C[ an[ jyir[ 10 avtirn&> nim aiv[ Ryir[ e gi[L)n[ kLSmi> ni>Kvimi> aiv[ C[.hv[ gi[L)n[ kpDimi> dbivvimi. aiv[ C[ a[n&> kirN e C[ k[ aipN[ j[m ki[e m>(drmi> m*(t aiv[ C[ an[ a[ni[ p\iNp\(tOqi kr)n[ Ki[l) m&kvimi> aiv[ C[ t[m crNimZt bnivti smy gi[L)n[ kpDimi> Qikvimi> aiv[ C[ an[ jyir[ dSmi avtirn&> nim l[vimi> aiv[ Ryir[ a[n[ K&9l) kr)n[ kLSmi> m*kiy C[ ai crNimZtn[ pivD jL kh[viy C[ an[ ai pivDmi> Bgvinni> dSmi> avtirni[ viS hi[y C[.{7} g&$ (dxi :-

13

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d[vimi> aiv[ C[.Wipry&gmi> aij p\miN[ g&$(dxi d[vimi> aiv) ht) pi>Dvi[ni g&$ (P mi>kD hti an[ gt g>gin) hijr)mi> kinmi> mhim>#i (dFi[ hti[ ai mhiFmy nY).

FmkD kh[ C[ si>BLi[ y&(Oq)rriy sRyn) vit& (vri h& kh&> C&>.sRyn) bi>F) miti pZ v),sRyni bi>Fi $Di S[Pnig,sRyni bi>Fyi miri hr)jn stvid)a[ stFm< cliyi[ h]. aqyis) hjir (P mN),EWn[ EWiN) mN) alK vFiyi sicimi[t) b\Min[ b\MiN) mN) alK vFiyi sici mi[t) kri[D,#i[(ts mN)n[ p&jini[ jgn rciyi[ t[ji[mi> alK FN) aiyi.jyi[(t Av$p[ nr piT[ pFiryi.Ryi> nr nk>Lk bivi[ aiyi,a[ni jgnmi> g>giJ pFiryi a[ni jgn mi> s(t Wi[pd) pFiryi a[n[ ki[N)n[ p\sid v[>cti aiy< FmD s&Ni[ riji y&(FOqr ai Fm< ti[ mrJvini[ C[ an&Bv vgr Fm)< n(h Yviy.y&(FOqr kh[ si>BLi[ mi[Ti (Pvr (njyi Fm< ami[n[ d)Ja[.mik>D (P kh[.a[k r[ a>gni kri[ nv T&kDi (SP utir) FrN) Fri[ ti[ h[ riji Fm< tm[ mhiFm a[k a>gni nv T&kDi k$ ti[ miriY) Fm piln k[m Yiy.(P mik>D bi[9yi e vit miti k&>t) jiN[ kh) riji utivDi pg[ ci9yi mitini m>(dr[ aiyi p(rk\mi kr) hiY ji[D) UBi rhyi an[ bi[9yi h[ mitiJ n)jyi Fm< ami[n[ (dJa[ jmmrNni[ amn[ By C[ Bir),te miti bi[9yi st vcn C[ mik>D emi (myi jriy nY) Fm< F&Ni[ (njir b>F sp*N< jiN[ st) Wi[pd) umi jivi[ miriY) a[n[ vF& Kbr h] ti[ riji utivD[ pg[ ci9yi Wi[pd)ni m>(dr[ aiyi umt Yen[ hiY ji[D) uBi rhyi.te st) k[ri nvti[ a>gn) nvwi B(kt g&Di Ki[(Dn[ pg[ ligv&> a[mi> nv a>gni nv T&kDi Yiy.(SPni siY[ ~)fL g&$n[ crN[ m&ki[ ti[ (njyi FmkD (Pn[ m>(dr[ aiyi an[ shA#i aqyis) mL) kri[D 33 mN) y&(FOqrni> kik>L Byi aij (rt btiv) C[.e j (v(F an&sir stp>Y)ai[n[ kikL Briy C[.(8)stp>Y v](dk Fm< C[.stp>Y v[d ni aiFir viLi[ Fm< C[ k[mk[ ai bFi SiA#i[i a[ni p&rivi kr[ C[ aipNi niriyN prmiRmin[ jyir[ sZ(OTn) rcni krvin) eCi Ye Ryir[ niriyN Av$p[ jLmi> uRp Yyi C[ niriyN a[Tl[ jL.a[n&> p\miN up(nPdi[mi> btiy&> C[. k[ aipNi prmiRmia[ $p l)Fi C[.(nl,an)l,S&n,Sin,nin,Xin,myin,n&r,t[j,jl,kml,k[dm,aid,b&>d,nid b&d gj tRv,p\[m tRv an[ aid p&$P aid p&$PY) ai[mkir ai[mkir mi>Y) cirv[dni[ p\kiS,aid p&$Pn) ni(Bmi>Y) sd`gi[r B\Mi uRpn Yyi an[ b\MiJni cir m&K hti.cir[ m&KY) cir[ v[dn&> p(rpiqn ky& C[.an[ e kmLmi>Y) uRtp Yyi a[Tl[ b\Mi (vON&> an[ mh[Sni (c#i aRyir[ kmL upr btiyi C[.Ryir[ ai pZ v)mi> jL ht&>, p\Ym prm[Vr p\vih[ jL[ sigri t e h>sn&> $p FirN ky& h>si avtir niriyN[ ph[li l)Fi[ hti[.a[ni miT[ aYsnid up(nPd kyi[< C[.nid a[Tl[ aivij ph[l&> j m&K Ki[9y&> Ryir[ Sd n)k9yi[ hti[ an[ cir v[dn&> p\kiSn b\MiJa[ ky&< C[. an[ b\MiJa[ Fmcvini an[ v[dni n)m piL[ ti[ kir s&F) phi[>c) jiy an[ kirmi smiv[S Yyi[ a[Tl[ niriyNn[ mL) jiy a[Tl[ v[d Fmsnid upn)Pd aYkr bi[9yi C[.Bgvin S>kr gi]r) piv le gyi an[ amr kYi s>BLiv) amr m>#i d)Fi[ C[.an[ j[ m>#i bi[9yi hti e h>snid up(nPd C[.S&kd[vJ mhirijni> (SOy[ ai vNkr gi]r) piv le gyi an[ (hmilymi> jen[ #iN vKt tiL) piD)n[ S>K vgiDyi[ a[Tl[ (hmilymi> jm)n upr Jv n hi[y aikiSmi> px) hi[y bFi j px) uD) gyi Ryir[ pi[pTn&> E>D& rh) gy&> an[ ai jyi> amr m>#i t[N[ si>BLyi[ Ryir[ pivWiF)n YviY) hi[>kiri[ aipvimi> pD[l Kim)Y),pi[pTn&> e>D& s[vie rhy&> an[ t[ bcia[ ai (Svni> mhim>#iY) amrti p\it kr) hi[ki>ri[ d)Fi[ an[ jyir[ ai mhim>#i upd[S ai eDj KiNni[ awm JviRmi c[t) jvini kirN[ (SvJ t[n) piCL gy[l an[ p*ri $p[ jLmi> p\v[S kr)n[ Bgvin v[dyisni> pRn)ni> gB diKl Yyi an[ si[L vP< gB rhyi a[j S&kd[vJ ai mhim>#ini p\BivY) (Svni[ a>S gNie gyi t[ ai mhin (Sv mhim>#ini[ p\bi[F aRyir[ pN cil& C[ t[ ai (Sv mhim>#i ai piT p*jimi> {GTpiTp*ji}mi> p\AYin pim[l C[.j[ sdi s&kin[ l)l&> an[ mr[ln[ sJvn kr[ C[.ai piT p*ji st`FmY} aYvi mhiFm< aYvi (njyiFm< aYvi (njir Fm< aYvi snitn Fm< j[ a[k$p C[.ai p*jimi> jyi[(t Av$p[ niriyNn) p*ji Yiy C[ an[ ai p*jimi> mi> vS&>Fri{pZ v)} t[#i)S kri[D d[vti {b\Mi,(vON&> an[ mh[S} aiv[ C[ a[m sdg&$ ~) emimSih mhirij a[ khy&> C[. an[ ai vit Bgvin (vON&>ni> 24mi> avtirmi>ni a[k rimd[vp)ra[ pN kh) C[. {j&ai[ rimd[v rimiyN p[j n> 48,49}{rimd[vp)rn&> frmin dr[k misn) s&d b)j[ j[ AYL[ piT p*ji m>DiS[ Ryi> h&> hijr rh)S ai mir&> (sF vcn C[.{rimd[v rimiyN p[j 91 an[ 197}.

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14

nmi[ (nOkl>k) niriyN nmi[ nm: , . $ $, & $. . & ,$ $ $ & . &,$ $ &. &,$ & &. & , . Y , & &, : &. $ $ & ,& & $ Y ]$ ,Y . , $. & $, & $. $ ,(Pvr & & . & ,$ , & . $ $, $. : $ ,& & . && &$ & & , . ,& $ . $ $ Y, Y. (Pvr & ,$ & . $, & $. $ &, & &. $ , & &.

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15

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16

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prm p*jy ai(d jgd`g&$ ~) krsndisJ mhirijni si>(nymi> {stp>Y p\[rNip)q p)riNi} ni[ Yy[l (vkis {p\g(t}p.p* krsndisJ mhirij[ p)riNi gid)p(tni[ vh)vT s>BiLyi[ Ryir[ s>AYin) (mlkti[ aAtyAt ht).aip[l (mlkti[ni smysr BiDi pN aivti n hti.K[t URpidn ai[C&> Yt& ht&>.j[ k>e Yt&> t[n) yi[y jiLvN) Yt) n ht).sgvg[ Ye jt&> ht&> p.p*. krsndisJ mhirijn&> si ht&> ki[en&> hrimn&> l[v&> nh) an[ hkkn&> ki[en[ le jvi d[v&> nh)>. jm)ni[mi>ni> dbiNi[ d*r kr) frt[ kpiuD (dvili[ bnivDiv).gi]SiLin) (mlkti[ kiydik)y g*>cmi> fsiy[l) ht) t[ pN gi]SiLin[ nvJvn kr) hAtgt kr).

p.p* ~) krsndisJ mhirij d)G< W(OTv>ti hti.e.s. 1993 mi> a(Kl Birt)y s>t s(m(tn&> nvm&> a(Fv[Sn jyp&r rijAYin Kit[ yi[jiy&> t[mi> p.p* aiciy< a(vcldisJ mhirij siY[ up(AYt rh) smg\ siF& smij sh Fm< cci< kr) stp>Y s>p\diyn[ p\ki(St kr) smg\ siF&ai[n[ p\Bi(vt kyi S>kriciyi[Dl[Vri[ t[mj siF& s>ti[ smx stp>Y s>p\diyn&> v]ci(rk BiY& p)rAy&> j[ si]ni Hdyn[ ApS)< gy&>.j[Y) p.p* krSndisJ mhirij[ a(Kl Birt)y s>t s(m(tn&> dSm&> a(Fv[Sn p\[rNip)q Kit[ yi[jvi aim>#iN aiy&> t[n[ smg\ siF& s>ti[a[ shP< Av)kir) l)F&>.a(Kl Birt)y s>t s(m(tn&> dSm&> a(Fv[Sn fkt myiti[n&> j a(Fv[Sn bn) n rh[ti smg\ BirtBrni> s>ti[ t[mj an&yiy)ai[,Bkti[jni[n&> An[h (mln bn) rh[ an[ si]n&> s>BirN&> bn) rh[ t[vi[ By mhi[Rsv yi[jvi p\yRni[ t[mN[ kyi dSm&> a(Fv[Sn p\[rNip)q Kit[ ye rhy&> ht&>.a[ smy[ p\[rNip)qn&> nim si] p\Ymvir siF& smij tYi BirtvP jih[r Ye rhy&> ht&>.p.p* h>sdisJ mhirij tYi p.p*. a(vcldisJ mhirij tYi p\Bir) sti[n) rihbr) h[qL s[>kDi[ kirs[vki[n) tnti[D mh[ntY) s.t s>m[lnn) smg\ t]yir)ai[ p*N< Ye ht) an[ p\[rNi p)q si] s>ti[n&> Avigt krvi Yngn) rhy&> ht&>.pr>t&> k(ly&gmi> hm[>Si sici kiyi[ji[gi[ p.p* krsndiJ mhirijn) S(ktn) ksi[T) krti hi[y t[m s>t s(m(tni dSmi> a(Fv[Sn-mhi[Rsvni sBim>Dp,rsi[Di,pik)

nmi[ (nOkl>k) niriyN nmi[ nm:ge ht),p*v< t]yir) Ye gE ht),si] kirs[vki[ t]yir)ai[ p*N< kr) (nri>tni[ Vis le rhyi hti Ryi> j (vns>ti[P)ai[Y) p\[rNip)qn) p\g(t shn n Yti> j[ AYL[ ai mhi[Rsv Ye rhyi[ hti[ t[ AYL[ n Yiy t[vi[ ki[TY) mnie h&km le aiyi.ai smy[ mhi[Rsv S$ Yvin[ aDtil)s klik j bik) hti an[ aim>(#it s>ti[ t[mj Bktjni[ni[ p\vih aivvini[ S$ Ye gyi[ hti[.ai s>ji[gi[mi> aiyi[jki[ tYi kirs[vki[ asm>jsmi> hti.si]mi> (nriSi yip) ge ht).pr>t& p.p*.krsndisJ mhirj mkkm hti.t[mn[ sdg&$mi> p*N< (vVis hti[.aivi p.p* krsndiJ mhirij[ tiRki(lk aiyi[jki[ t[mj kirs[vki[n) m)T)>g kr) jNiy&> k[ Fm rxN krvimi> m&k[l)ai[ an[ pDkiri[ aivti j rh[S[.pr>t& t[niY) nis)pis n Yviy.sdg&$mi> acL ~Fi riK) kyir[y hir n Av)kir[ an[ nmt&> n aip[ t[v&> uRsihp*N< bL k[Lvv&> pDS[.ti[ j EOT mig[< p\yiN kr) SkiS[ an[ p\g(t kr) SkiS[.an&yiy)ai[n) s&P&t S(ktai[n[ Q>Qi[L) smir>B AYL bdlvini[ p\Ativ m*kyi[.t[mni[ aid[S Yti> j kirs[vki[mi> nv&> ji[m,(h>mt aiv) an[ aij[ jyi> g&$k*L C[ t[ jyia[ (dv[lini[ pik UBi[ hti[ t[ riti[ rit l[vie gyi[ an[ jm)n smYL Ye ge an[ zizi hiY r(LyimNi> an[ sd`g&$n) kZpiY) riti[rit C#i)s klikmi> nvi AYL[ SBim>Dp t]yir Ye gyi[ an[ aim sd`g&$n) p\[rNiY) aim mhis>kTn[ jikiri[ aip)n[ a(Fv[Sn miT[n) nvi> AYLn) t]yir) mi#i 36 klikmi> p*N krvimi> aiv) ht).

a(Kl Birt)y s.t s(m(tni dSmi> a(Fv[Snmi> k&l #iN (dvs dr(myin cir s#ii[ yi[jiyi>.j[mi> j&di j&di (vPy pr S>kriciyi[Dl[Vri[ni mnn)y p\vcnn[ aij[ pN h(rBkti[ yid kr[ C[.a(Kl Birt)y s>t s(m(tn&> ai pDkir $p DSm&> a(Fv[Sn j[ p&ySiL) mhiRmiai[ s>ti[ t[mj Bktjni[ni p&(nt pivn pgli> pDyi> hti>.t[ pivnB*(m p.p*. krsndisJ mhirij[ dSmi> a(Fv[Snn) AmZ(t$p[ s>p kr) an[ t[ AYL[ Byi(tBy (nOkl>k) Fim tYi g&$k&Lni (nmik9p kyi[< an[ pi[tin) Fi(md(S a(Fv[Snn) yvAYi tYi p.p*. krsndisJ mhirijni k\i>(tkir) pgli>Y) p\Bi(vt Ye t[mni j n[tZRv h[qL mi[hmy) m&>be ngr)mi> a(Kl Birt)y v](dk Fm< s>m[ln p\Ym a(Fv[Snn&> aiyi[jn Yy&>.j[mi> up(AYt BirtBrni s>ti[a[ stp>Y s>p\diy an[ p.p*. krsndiJ mhirijn[ (brdivti> jNiy&> k[ stp>Y s>p\diy s>p*N< aYvp\diy C[.stp>Y s>p\diy a[kli[ nY) pr>t& (vSiL vTvZxn) a[k SiKi C[ an[ a(Kl Birt)y s>t s(m(tn&> pi(rvir)k a>g C[.t[ni gid)p(t aiciy< krsndiJ mhirij fkt stp>Yni aiciy< nY) pr>t& aipNi si]ni aiciy< C[.mi[hmy) m&>be ngr)mi> jyi> ri[Tli[ mL[ pN ai[Tli[ n mL[ t[vi AYL[ hjiri[ siF&s>ti[ t[mj Bktjni[ni uteri-sBi m>Dpn) yvAYi kr) j[ a(Kl Birt)y v](dk s>m[lnn[ sfL bnivvi miT[ j[ Bg)rY kiy< ky&< t[ miT[ hm[Si stp>Y smij miT[ a[k s>BirN&> bn) rh[S[.p.p* krsndisJ mhirij p\[rNip)qni gid)p(t byi pC) t[mni si>(nymi> t[mni sfL n[tZRv h[qL smg\ BirtBrni s>ti[ - mh>ti[ni p\[rNip)q Kit[ (v(vF s>m[lni[ Wiri pivn pgli> kriv) p\rNip)qn[ pivn bniv) an&yiy)ai[ni uRsihmi>,B(ktBivmi> an[ri[ uRsih p\gTiv)yi[ a[vi p.p*. krsndiJ mhirijn[ gid)p(t Yyi t[n[ dS vP< p*N< Yti> e.s. 1997mi> t[mni vtn kCmi> nK#iiNi Kit[ By dSi(d mhi[Rsvn) ujvN) krvimi> aiv).ai ujvN)n) siY[ siY[ a(Kl Birt)y s>t s(m(ta[ pi[tin&> t[rm&> a(Fv[Sn kCn) pivn Fri pr krvi ECi dSi si] s>ti[n&> ai(ty miNvi tRpr a[vi p.p*. krsndisJ mhirij nK#iiNi Kit[ni dSi(d mhi[Rsvn[ By bnivvi a(Kl Birt)y s>t s(m(tni t[rmi a(Fv[Snni yjmin byi.an[ agiuni s>t s>m[lnn) j[m j kCn) F)>g) Fri j[ yjmin g(tmi> sdiy utm gNiy t[n[ siY Byi(tBy Si[Biyi#ii s(ht smg\ a(Fv[Snni aiyi[jnn[ By bniy&> an[ kCni ai(tyn[ miN) stp>Y s>p\diyni an&yiy)ai[n) BivniY) p\Bi(vt Ye a(Kl Birt)y s.t s(m(t Wiri p.p*. jgd`g&$ S>kriciy< Avim) ~) (dyin>dt)Yt tr)k[ni[ a[vi[D< a[niyt Yyi[ t[mj aij sBir>Bmi> p\K>D kmD) Stiy& SiA#iX p.p*. ~) k[.ki.SiA#i)Jni vrd hAt[ a(Bn>dn p\S(Atp#i ap a(Bvidn krvimi> aiy&>. ai smy[ p.p*. krsndisJ mhirijni gid)p(t smyni dS vP (vmi[cn krvimi> aiy&>,

kC nK#iiNi Kit[ j[ AYL[ ai By smir>B s>p Yyi[ t[ pivnB*(mn[ pN p.p*. krsndisJ mhirij[ s>p kr) By (nOkl>k)Fimni (nmik9p kyi[< hti[. an[ t[mni virsdir p.p*. jgd`g&$ ~) ninkdisJ mhirij[ siY aij[ a[ pivn AYL[ By (nOkl>k)Fim (nmi C[ j[ si]n[ p\[rNi aipt&> smg\ kCn&> aji[D,any a(W(ty,By t)Y C[.

a(Kl Birt)y s>t s(m(tni a9hibid Kit[ mL[li s>m[lnmi> svit s(m(tni p(milyni ayx tr)k[ (nmN*>k krvimi> aiv) an[ p(icl p\d[Smi> t[mni n[tZRvmi> a(Kl Birt)y s>t s(m(ta[ k\i>(tkir) (nNcF(dpn) (vwi(nk[tn T^OT s>AYin pi[rb>dr smg\ g&jrit Birt j nh) smg\ d&(nyimi> Birt)y si>AkZ(tk virsin&> jtn kr) miNs ugiDvin&> kim krt&> p\yit (vwiFim C[.ai s>AYi Wiri dr vP[< b\M(P aiv[ C[.aivi[ j p\s>g ti 10 ai[kTi[br e.s. 1997ni ri[j yi[jiyi[.j[mi. p.p*. krsndisJ mhirijn) an[k(vF s[vin[ (brdivvi kYikir (c>tk a[vi p*. Bie~) ~) rm[SBie ai[zit Yi k\i>(tkir) s>t Avim) ~) s(cdin>dJ mhirij d>tiL) viLini vrd hAt[ gi]rvpd a[vi[ d[v(P< a[vi[D stp>Y,p.p*. krsndisJ mhirij tYi Birt vP vsti stp>Y)ai[n) ain-bin-Sinn&> gi]rv vy&> ht&>. {ti. 27-28-29-nv[br-1998} p.p*. krsndisJ mhirijni si>(nymi> stp>Y s>p\diy t[n) (x(tji[ (vAtir) rhyi[ hti[ an[ Birtni K*N[ K*N[ t[n) s&vis p\sr) rh) ht).p.p*. sd`g&$ ~) emimSih mhirijni p(v#i crNi[Y) pivn bn[l d(xN g&jritn) s&rt ngr)mi> s[>kDi[ riNi p(rviri[ nini nini F>Fi kr) stp>Y s>p\diyn) jyi[tn[ p\jv(lt riK) rhyi C[. s&rtn&> jmN an[ kiS)n&> mrN kh[vt p\c(lt bn) C[ a[vi s&rt Sh[rmi> stp>Y s>p\diyni ~) (nOkl>k) niriyNni> aiq m>(dri[ aiv[li C[ pr>t&> vc[ni smymi> aimi>Y) k[Tli>k m>(dri[mi> s[vi p*ji Yt) ti[ k[Tlikmi> n Yt).si] an&yiy)ai[ stp>YY) (vm&K Ye rhyi hti.an[ y&vini[ ysn) bn) kh[vi p*rti stp>Y)ai[ rhyi hti t[vi s>ji[gi[mi> stp>Y s>p\diymi> nvi p\iN p*rvi miT[ p.p*. krsndisJ mhirij[ gid)p(t Yyi pC) B)mpi[r s&rt Kit[ p)qivili (k\k[T AT[D)ymmi> d(xN g&jrit stp>Y snitn p(rvirni> si>(nymi> p\m&K ~) nT&Bie pT[l,~)k[PBie t[mj Ryi>ni aig[vini[ni shyi[gY) ti 9 Y) 15 m[ 1996 mi> jih[r dSivtirn) kYi kr) t[mn) p\[m tYi B(ktY) Brp*r ji[S)l) viN) si] an&yiy)ai[ni Hdymi> utr) ge an[ s&rtni an&yiy)ai[ k)D)yirin) j[m UBriyi an[ sRs>gni[ liB l)Fi[.dSivtirn) kYin) siY[ siY[ ri[j si>j[ s&rtni dr[k m>(dri[mi> jih[rmi> pi[tin) aigv) S]l)mi> p*ji kr) si] an&yiy)ai[n[ rxNiRmk,(vkisiRmk tYi k9yiNkir) aiS)vi stp>Y p\Ry[ni[ uRsih vFiyi[Y a[ aYvp\diy C[.t[n) p&(OT aipti BirtBrni s>ti[ mh>ti[ni n[ji h[qLni a(Kl Birt)y v](dk Fmm[lnn&> (Wt)y a(Fv[Sn ti. 27-28-29 nv[br 1998 ni ri[j s&rt Kit[ p.p*. ai(d jgd`g&$ ~) krsndisJ mhirijni si>(nymi> yi[jiy&>.j[mi> BirtBrni an[k s>ti[ni dSYn) jyi[t jvl>t riK) rhyi C[.pd p\(tOqi mhi[Rsv ti. 23-24-25 nv[br 2001 :

18

nmi[ (nOkl>k) niriyN nmi[ nm:p.p*. aiciy< ~) krsndisJ mhirijni gid)p(t smygiLimi> an[k smir>Bi[,Fm< s>m[lni[,Fi(mkriciyi[< s(ht an[ s>ti[ mh>ti[a[ p\[rNip)qn) m&likiti[ l)F),dS nim gim[ gim an[ s>ti[ mh>ti[ni mqi[mi> g*>J rhy&>.an[k a[vi[D aiyi hti. si] an&yiy)ai[ pN s>ti[P min) rhyi hti an[ mi[Ti FmBi[ hv[ bs a[v) Bivni an&Bv) rhyi hti.pr>t& aiciy< ~) krsndisJ mhirij k>ek alg j (vcir) rhyi hti k[ p\[rNip)qn[ a[k a[vi Ti[cni m&kim pr m*k) dea[ jyi> stp>Y s>p\diyn) gNni ay Ti[cni s>p\diyi[ siY[ Yt) rh[.hm[Si> d&(nyiBrni s>ti[ mh>ti[ siY[ p\[rNip)qni an[ mhirij ~)ni myAY) an[ (vVis& a[vi ki>(tBie svgNBie m&>be t[mj t[mn) T&kD) sdiy tn mn FnY) ki[epN jitn) ap[xi vgr s>AYini nini mi[Ti (vkisni kiyi[< uRsihp*vk9p kyi[< hti[ k[ p)riNin) gid)n[ jgd`g&$n) gid) bnivv) C[. mhirij~) tYi s[vki[ni s>k9pn[ t[mn) v]ci(rk k\i>(tn&> p(rNim jiN[ Rv(rt mL) rhy&> hi[y a[m sd`g&$a[ t[mni[ s>k9p si>BL) l)Fi[ hi[y an[ p(rp*N< Ye rhyi[ hi[y t[m a(Kl Birt)y s.t s(m(ta[ p)riNin[ p\[rNip)q an[ t[ni aiciyp\diyni uvl B(vOy miT[ xNni y (vl>b (vni ai (nNti[,mh>ti[,S>kriciyi[Dl[Vri[ t[mj hjiri[ s>ti[ t[mj an&yiy)ai[n) up(AY(tmi> a(tBy FmB yi[jiyi[ j[mi> p)riNin[ p\[rNip)q an[ t[ni aiciy< p.p*. ~) krsndisJ mhirijn[ v](dk snitn stp>Y s>p\diyiciy< jgd`g&$ni pdY) Bir[ jyGi[P siY[ p\(tOqt krvimi> aiyi an[ p\[rNip)qn) (dy jyi[tni[ p\kiS smg\ (vVn[ p\ki(St kr) gyi[ an[ aij[ pN p\ki(St kr) rhyi[ C[.

upri[kt p\s>g[ s>AYimi> s(k\y s[viBiv) kiygirimBie lilJBien[ Bgv) piGD) ph[riv) g>g[VrdisJ mhirij nim aip) siF& tr)k[ (nmN*>k kr).j[ai[ aij[ ~) (nOkl>k)Fim nK#iiNi Kit[ s[vi aip) rhyi C[.

dSavtirn) airt)

jyd[v jyd[v i jy sd`g&$Avim) ! p\B& jy sd`g&$Avim)airt) k)j[ nkl>k d[vn) axy pd Fim) ii jyd[v.p\Ym mC avtir[ miyi[< S>Kis&r pip) ii p\B& miyi[cm[ mhi b(lriy, d[K) s&rnr ki>yi i p\B& d[K)vimn $p Fr) bl)n[, pitiL[ ci>yi ii jyd[v 5Cq[ prS&rim avtir[, frS) hiYi[mi> l)F) p\B& frS)Shj&d ki]Syi pim) i p\B& ain>ddSm&K rivN miyi, s)tini Avim) ii jyd[v 7aiqm[ kZON avtir[, gi[(v>d gi[k&L gi] cir) p\B& gi[k&L.mimi k>sn[ miyi[k) krS[ i p\B& pZ v).d]Ryn[ mir)n[ h(r s&F s[vkn) l[S[ ii jyd[v 10dS avtirn) airt), j[ ki[E Biv[ giS[ i p\B& j[ Biv[airt) bi[yi sd`g&$ b\Mi, mi[xg(t YS[ ii jyd[v 11

~) (nOkl>k) niriyN Bgvin k) jy. ~) sd`g&$ EmimSih mhirij k) jy. ~) stp>Y snitn Fm< k) jy. apn[ apn[ g&$ mhirij k) jy.

~) (nOkl>k) niriyN jnid nim~) p\hlidJ~) h(rSc>~) y&(F(Oqr~) kmLik&>vr4dinvn&> nim(hryk>SrivNd&yi[ nimhAt)m]yiavm[Ggi[ m[Gvi(r yX6aisn GTpiTsi[nini$pini#ii>bimi(Tni7jip~) nr(s>h~) rim~) kZON~) (nOkl>k)niriyN jnid mhiRmys&d 11n[ r(vvirs&d 14n[ m>gLvirsi[mvt) amiss&d 2 n[ S&k\vir9y&gni[ p*jy r>grkt vN