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    IRIS RECOGNITIONTECHNOLOGY

    SRI PRAKASH COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY

    R.SURESH III-IT

    T.K.CHAITANYA III-IT

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    THE IRIS

    Iris is the area of the eye where the pigmentedor colored circle, usually brown, blue, rings the

    dark pupil of the eye.

    Normal Eye Example of iris

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    The IRIS

    Iris is the thin membrane on the interior of the eyeball.

    Iris pattern remains unchanged after the age of two and

    does not degrade overtime or with the environment.

    Iris patterns are extremely complex than other biometricpatterns.

    The details of each iris are phenotypically unique, that is,

    no two are exactly alike, not even among twins, not even in

    your own two eyes.

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    Individuality of Iris

    Left and right eye irises have distinctive pattern.

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    Techniques used

    Iris Localization

    Iris Normalization

    Image Enhancement

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    Iris Localization

    Both the inner boundary and the outer boundary of a typical iris

    can be taken as circles. But the two circles are usually not co-

    centric. Compared with the other part of the eye, the pupil is

    much darker.

    First we detect the inner boundary between the pupil and the iris.

    The outer boundary of the iris is more difficult to detect because

    of the low contrast between the two sides of the boundary.

    So we detect the outer boundary by maximizing changes of the

    perimeter- normalized along the circle. The technique is found to

    be efficient and effective.

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    Iris Normalization

    The size of the pupil may change due to the variationof the illumination and the associated elasticdeformations in the iris texture may interface with theresults of pattern matching.

    For the purpose of accurate texture analysis, it isnecessary to compensate this deformation.

    Since both the inner and outer boundaries of the iris

    have been detected, it is easy to map the iris ring to arectangular block of texture of a fixed size.

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    Image Enhancement

    Theoriginal image has low contrast and may

    have non-uniform illumination caused by the

    position of the light source. These may impair

    the result of the texture analysis. We enhance

    the iris image reduce the effect of non-uniform

    illumination.

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    Iris preprocessing: (a) original eye (b) iris localization

    ( c ) iris normalization (d) image enhancement

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    10

    Iris Recognition System

    LocalizationAcquisition

    IrisCode Gabor Filters Polar Representation

    Image

    Demarcated Zones

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    Iris Recognition systems

    The iris-scan process begins with a photograph.A specialized camera, typically very close to thesubject, not more than three feet, uses an

    infrared imager to illuminate the eye andcapture a very high-resolution photograph.This process takes 1 to 2 seconds.

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    Creating an Iris code The picture of the eye is first processed by a

    software that localizes the inner and outer

    boundaries of the iris. Then it is encoded by some image-

    processing technologies.

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    Iris recognition

    In less than few seconds, even on a database of

    millions of records, the iris code templategenerated from a live image is compared to

    previously enrolled ones to see if it matches to

    any of them.

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    Advantages:

    Comparison Of Iris Recognition With Other Biometrics:

    Accurate

    Stability

    Fast

    Scalable

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    Comparison between biometrics..

    Method Coded Pattern

    Mis-

    Identification

    rateSecurity

    Applications

    Iris Iris pattern1/1,200,00

    0High high-security

    Fingerprint fingerprints

    1/1,000Medium

    Universal

    voice

    Signature

    Face

    Palm

    Voice

    characteristics 1/30Low

    Low

    Low

    Low

    Telephone service

    Low-security

    Low-security

    Low-security

    1/100

    1/100

    1/700

    Shape of letters, writing

    Order, pen pressure

    Outline, shape &

    distribution of eyes, nose

    size, length, & thickness

    hands

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    Advantages..

    Does not require intimate contact with the reader.

    High accuracy in identifying users. Chances of a false positive are very

    low.

    Low data storage requirements for template.

    Convenient for people who wear glasses.

    Left and right iris patterns of a certain person are different, including

    those of identical twins.

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    Disadvantages..

    The position of the eye can be problematic

    some times.

    Requires specialized devices, so it can be

    expensive.

    When the person expires or looses his or

    her eyes the accessing of accounts {banks,

    emails etc.} will be impossible.

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    Applications

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    March 10, 2004 19

    Imaging Systems

    http://www.iridiantech.com/

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    QUERIES..?