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E-mail : chandraprakash.kaushik@akhilbharathindumahasabha.org E-mail : munna.sharma@akhilbharathindumahasabha.org

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fi Nys dqN o"kks± esa [ kki i apk; r ksa } kj k çsefookg] var j t kr h; l aca/k] vk/kqfud i ks’ kkd o t hou’ kSyhdks ysdj ft l r j g ds r qxydh Qj eku l quk, x, Amul s budh Nfo [ kkSQ i apk; r ksa dh cur h t k j gh FkhAdbZ n’ kdksa l s [ kki i apk; r ksa dk vfLr Ro Hkkj r esa cukgqvk gSA vkSj os i gys Hkh vi uh l adqfpr ekufl dr k vkSj cgqr gn r di q#"koknh l ksp dk i fj p; nsr h jgh gSaA ft l dk var r % vl j efgykvksa i j i M+r kgSA l wpuk Økafr ds ckn [ kki ds QSl yksa dh xwat nwj &nj kt ds bykdksa r dl qukbZ nsus yxh] ml ds i {k o foi {k esa ekgkSy cuus yxkA : f<+okfnr k [ kRe dj usds i {k/kj ] çxfr dkeh yksxksa us bTt r ds uke i j gR; k t Sl s çdj .kksa ds f[ kykQvkokt mBkus dk l kgl fn[ kk; kA vc l r j ksyk [ kki i apk; r us 650 l kyi qj kuh i j ai j k dks cnyr s gq, var j t kr h; fookg dks eat wj h nsus dk , sfr gkfl ddne mBk; k gSA [ kki i apk; r dk xBu xkao&dLcs ds vki l h fooknksa] >xM+ksa dksfey cSBdj l qy>kus] vki l h HkkbZpkj k c<+kus vkfn ds fy, fd; k x; k FkkAbl dh uhao esa O; fä ds Åi j l ekt dks r j t hg nsus dh l ksp FkhA bl oäl r j ksyk [ kki esa 42 xkao vkr s gSaA vc r d bu 42 xkaoksa esaa HkkbZ pkj s ds dkj .kxks=kksa esa vki l h fookg dh vuqefr ugha FkhA fyaxkuqi kr ds fcxM+s ds dkj .kfookg l aca/kksa esa vkSj vM+pusa vkus yxhaA dbZ ; qok ’ kknh dh mez fudy t kus dsckot wn dqaokj s j g x, gSaAbl chp cgqr l s ; qok i <svkSj j kst xkj ds fy, xkaoksa l sckgj fudy s u; h l ksp dksv i u k; k] nfd ; kuwl hckr ksa dks ekuus l s bUd kjd j us d k g kSl y kfn[ kk; kA yM+fd; ksa dh psr uk Hkh t kx‘r gqbZA fl j >qdkdj gj QSl ys dks ekuusl s i gys l oky mBk, t kus yxs] vi us Hkfo"; ds vPNs&cqj s i j os fopkj dj usyxha vkSj cgqr l s ekeyksa esa i fj t uksa us l kFk fn; kA l kekft d] xSj l kekft dl aLFkkvksa us [ kki dh l Ùkk i j ç’ u [ kM+s fd, A eukst &ccyh ds gR; kdkaM i jns’ kO; ki h fuank o foe’ kZ dk nkSj pykA vc [ kki i apk; r ksa us l e; ds l kFkdner ky dj us dh l ksp vi uk; h gS] t ks Lokxr s; gSA gfj ; k.kk ds ukj ukSan dLcsesa vk; ksft r egki apk; r esa [ kki pkS/kfj ; ksa us , d l qj esa , syku fd; k fd vcl r j ksy [ kki ds 42 xkaoksa ds yksx vi uh l ar kuksa ds fj ’ r s vki l esa dj l dsaxsAbl ds l kFk gh t kr h; t at hj ksa dks r ksM+r s gq, QSl yk fy; k x; k fd dksbZ Hkh; qod o ; qor h vi uh t kfr l s ckgj Hkh vi uh et hZ l s ’ kknh dj l dr s gSaA ’ kr Zdsoy ; g j [ kh xbZ gS fd , sl s var j t kr h; fookg [ kqn ds xkao] xks=k o i M+ksl hxkao dks NksM+dj gksa A bl ds ckn [ kki i apk; r dks dksbZ , sr j kt ugha gksxk cfYdvar j t kr h; fookg dk ; g [ kki t ksj nkj Lokxr dj sxhA egki apk; r dhv/; {kr k dj us okys l r j ksy [ kki ds vuql kj bl QSl ys dk edl n l r j ksyk[ kki ds HkkbZpkj s dks r ksMuk ugha cfYd fj ’ r s&ukr ksa ds ca/ku dks [ kksyuk gSAegki apk; r esa dgk x; k fd l e; dks ns[ kr s gq, fj ’ r s&ukr s ds ca/ku dks [ kksy nsukpkfg, A bl l s l r j ksyk [ kki dk HkkbZpkj k [ kRe ugha gksxk cfYd fj ’ r snkjh gksusds ckn [ kki dks vkSj T; knk et cwr h feysxh A ; g Hkh dgk x; k fd l e; dsvuql kj [ kki us vi us fu; eksa esa i gys Hkh cnyko fd, gSa vkSj vc Hkh l e; dhekax dks ns[ kr s gq, cnyus pkfg, A gkykafd egki apk; r ds bl , sfr gkfl d QSl ysdk foj ks/k Hkh gqvkA djhc 650 l ky i qj kuh i j i aj k dks r ksM+us ds foj ks/k esa i sVokM+r i k ds yksxksa us vi us fopkj j [ ks vkSj dgk fd [ kki dk er yc gh vki l h HkkbZpkjkgksr k gSA bl esa fj ’ r snkj h ugha gks l dr h gSA t c vki l esa fj ’ r snkj h gksus yxsxhr ks fQj HkkbZpkjk dgka cpr k gSA t c dksbZ cM+k i fj or Zu gksr k gS r ks FkksM+h gypyepuk LokHkkfod gSA bl fy, , sl s foj ks/k gksaxs] ; g ekudj pyuk pkfg, A ysfdubl oä vf/kd egRoi w.kZ ; g gS fd [ kki i apk; r ksa us t ks , sfr gkfl d] çxfr ’ khyo mnkj dne mBk; k gSA ml s et cwr h l s ykxw gksus fn; k t k, A

fgUnw l Hkk okr kZ LokLF; fnukad 07 ebZ l s 13 ebZ 2014 r d4

gekj s ’ kj hj esaokÙk]fi Ùk] dQ] ; s r hu nks"kvfuok; Z : i l s mi fLFkr j gr sgSaA bu nks"kksa ds fod‘r gks t kusi j ’ kj hj esa vusd i zdkj ds j ksxgks t kr s gSaA ’ kjhj dh t Sl h i zd‘frgks] ’ kj hj esa t Sl k fodkj gks&ml s è; ku esa j [ kdj gh Hkkst udj uk pkfg, A okr j ksx gS r ks[ kV~Vh pht ksa t Sl s] ngh] eB~Bk]d<+h vkSj pkoy] vj ch fHkaMh]mM+n dh nky] pus dh nky]j kt ek bR; kfn okr oèkZd i nkFkks±dk l sou ugha dj uk pkfg, A

vxj &fi Ùk j ksx gS] r ksxeZ i nkFkZ] pk; &d kWQh]fepZ&el kys] r yk gqvk o xfj "BHkkst u ugha [ kkuk pkfg, A vxjdQ dh vfèkdrk gS r ks BaMs i nkFkZ]pkoy] nwèk] ngh] vkbLØhe] fÝtesa j [ kh oLr q, a ugha [ kkuh pkfg, A

i F; vkSj v i F; %vkgkj nks i zdkj dk gksr k gSAi F;vkSj vi F; A t ks vkgkj ’ kj hjdks LoLFk cuk, j [ kr k gS] cycqf) vkSj nh?kkZ; q nsr k gS& ogi F; dgykr k gSA t ks vkgkj’ kj hj esa j ksx mRi é dj r k gS]ml s vi F; dgr s gSaA i F; &vi F; dh t kudkj h u gksus ds

i zd‘fr ds vuql kj dj sa Hkkst u l qHkk"k cqM+kou okyk

dkj .k gh dbZ ckj , sl k Hkkst udj fy; k t kr k gS] t ks ugha djukpkfg, A bl h dkj .k j ksx mRi égks t kr s gSaA vr % t kx: d gksdjHkkst u dj asA xhr k esa xq.k&Hksndh n‘f"V l s vkgkj ds r hu i zdkjksadk o.kZu feyr k gSA l kfRodvkgkj ] j kt fl d vkgkj vkSjr kefl d vkgkjA euq"; dks vi uhi zd‘fr ds vuql kj buesa l s dksbZvkgkj fi z; yxr k gSA

l kfRod vkgkj % vk; q]cqf) cy] vkj ksX; ] l q[ k vkSj i zhfrc<+kus okys gksr s gSaA , sl s vkgkjj l ; qDr ] fpdus vkSj nh?kZdkyr d ’ kj hj esa fLFkj j gus okysr Fkk LokHkkfod : i l s l kfRodyksxksa dks fi z; gksr s gSaA

j kt fl d v kgkj %dM+os] [ kV~Vs]yo.k; qä ] vfèkdxeZ] r h[ ks] : [ ks] t yu i Snk dj usokys vkSj nq%[ k o fpar k vkfnj ksxksa dks t Ue nsus okys vkgkjj kt fl d yksxksa dks fi z; gksr s gSaA

r kefl d vkgkj % t ksHkkst u vèki dk] j l ghu]nqx±èk; qDr ]ckl h vkSj vi fo=k gksr k gS] ogr kefl d yksxksa dks fi z; gksr k gSA

l ax&dql ax % dqN [ kk|i nkFkZ vdsys r ks ve‘r ds l eku

ykHk i gqapkr s gSaA] i j ar q vU; [ kk|i nkFkks± ds l kFk feydj fo"kr qY;gks t kr s gSaA ; gka ge , sl s gh dqNgkfudkj d ; k vfgr dkj h l a; ksxksadk o.kZu dj j gs gSaA

nwèk ds l kFk ngh] ued]beyh] [ kj cwt k] ukfj ; y ] ewyh]ewyh ds i Ùks] r ksj h] fr ydqV] r sy]dqYFkh] l Ùkw [ kV~Vs Qy] [ kVkbZvkfn dHkh ugha [ kkuk pkfg, Angh ds l kFk nwèk][ khj ] i uhj ] xeZ[ kkuk ; k xeZ oLr q] [ kj cwt k vkfnHkh gkfudkj d gksr s gSaA

’ kgn ds l kFk ewyh]vaxwj ] xeZ oLr q, vkfn u ysaA

[ khj ds l kFk f[ kpM+h[ kVkbZ] l Ùkw] dVgy vkfn dkl sou ughaa dj saA

pk; ds l kFk ddM+h&[ khj k u ysaA

[ kj cwt s ds l kFk ewyhds i Ùks] nwèk] ngh] ygl wu vkfnu ysaA

’ khr y t y ds l kFkewaxQyh] HkqV~Vk] ve: n] ddM+h[ khj k] t kewu] r j cwt ] ?kh] r sy]xeZ nwèk vkSj xeZ i nkFkZ u ysaAbl h r j g pkoy ds l kFk fl j dk]r j cwt ds l kFk i qnhuk vkSj BaMsi kuh dk l sou dHkh u dj saA

Msaxw dk l aØe.k dkQh [ kr j ukd gksr k gSA ft l fdl hO; fDr dks Msaxw dk cq[ kkj vkus dk ckn i hfM+r O; fDr cgqr ghdet ksj gks t kr k gSA gkFk i Sj es at ku ugha gksr h gSA br uk ’ kfDrfoghu gks t kr k gS fd ’ kj hj esa [ kwu dh deh o CyM ysV~l de t kst kr s gSaA Msaxw l aØe.k ds nkSj ku ’ kj hj dh i zfr j ksèkh {ker k ?kV t kr hgSA bl fy, l fCt ; ksa dks dPpk ysus ct k; mckydj ; k gYdki dkdj ysaA bl esa cpus ds fy, nokvksa ds l kFk l gh [ kqj kd dh Hkht : j r gksr h gSA

yky Qy vkSj l fCt ; kaVekVj ] Iye] r j cwt ] psj h vkfn Qy vksj l fCt ; ksa esa

Qy vkSj l fCt ; ksa l sIysVysV~l c<+kuk

t c fny dk j ksxyxkuk Fkk r c yxk; k ugha] vcD; ksa yxk fy; k\ vc vki dksl cl s vfèkd t : j r gS t houl kFkh ds : gkuh i zse dhA eq¡g uyVdk; sa D; ksafd ; g fuj k’ kk dk| ksr d gS t ks vki ds eukscy dksd e d j sxkA nwl j k l kFkpkfg, &bZ"V nso dk i zseHkko l si wt k dj ksA ÞJhen~Hkkxor i qj k.kß[ kj hn ykvks vkSj ml esa Þj kei apkè; k; hß gS ml dk pkgs i kBdj ks ; k vkj ke dj r s l e; i <+ksAbl s mi pkj cr k; k x; k gSA vcdqN ?kj syw mi pkj i f<+, %&

ykSdh ¼?kh; k½ % bl s èkks djdl yas fQj fl yoV~Vs i j i hlysaA i hl r s l e; 6 i Rr s i qnhuk]esa 8 i Rr s r qyl h ds Mky ysaAdi M+s l s Nku dj 150 xzke j lcuk; sa bl esa br uk gh t y feyknsaA r hu l kS xzke esa 4 dkyha fepZds cj kcj pw.kZ r Fkk 1 xzke l saèkk

foVkfeu v kSjfeuj Yl d sl kFk& l kFk, aVhv kWDl hMsaV~lHkj i wj ek=kk esa gksr sgSaA ; s ’ kj hj es CyMIysVysV~l c<+kus esaenn dj r s gSaA

pqd anj v kSjxkt j

pqdanj ds j l esaa vPNh ek=kk esa , aVh vkWDl hMsaV~l gksr s gSa]t ks ’ kj hj dh i zfr j ksèkh {ker k c<+kr s gSaA vxj nks l s r hu pEep pqdanjds j l dks , d xykl xkt j ds j l esa feykdj fi , a r ks CyM IyslysV~l r st h l s c<+r h gSaAi i hr k vkSj ml ds i Rr s dk j l

’ kj hj dh i zfr j ksèkh {ker k c<+kus vkSj CyM IysVysV~l dhfj doj h ds fy, i i hr k ; k bl ds i Rr ksa dk t wl Hkh cgqr Qk; nsa eangksr k gSA vki pkgsa r ks i i hr s dh i fRr ; ksa dks pk; dh r j g Hkh i kuhesa mckydj i h l dr s gSaA vuks[ khyky dksBkj h

gkVZ dks ckbZi kl l t Zj h l s cpk; saued feyk nsaA bl j l dks uk’ rk]Hkkst u] j kf=k Hkkst u ds 30 feuVckn 100-100 fe- yh- ysaA i zkj EHkds 4-5 fnu j l dh ek=kk 100dh t xg 60 fe- yh- ys l dr sgaSA j l j kst r kt k cuk; sa , oar kt k fi ; saA ’ kq: esa i sV esaxM+xM+kgV gks l dr h gS] D; ksafdj l ds fodkj u"V gksr s gaSA ; gfofèk 5 fnu yxkr kj dj ds 25fnu dk vr aj ky ¼xSi ½ nsaA fQj 5fnu j l ysaA , sl k de l s depkj ekg dj asA uhcwa] VekVj ]l ar j k] vke] bR; kfn ¼[ kV~Vh pht sa½u [ kk; saA ek¡l ] efnj k] èkwezi ku]vkfn l s gkVZvVSd ds j ksfx; ksa dkscpuk pkfg, A budks dr bZ ughaysuk pkfg, A budk i w.kZ i fjR; kxdj sa vkSj , d ?kUVk [ kqyh , oaLoPN gok esa ?kwesaA

j l % , d pEep i ku dk j l ], d pEep vnj d dk j l ], dpEep ygl qu dk j l vkSj , d

pEep ’ kgn feykdj l qcg ’ kkeysa , oa MkWDVj nok, a Hkh l kFk esaysr s j gsaA ; g j l i zfr fnu l qcg’ kke ysus l s gkVZ vVSd l s cpkt k l dr k gSA

ySi % , d r ksyk dkyh l kcqrmM+n j kr dks xeZ i kuh esa fHkxksnsaA l qcg mM+n dks fNyds l fgrfl ycV~Vs i j i hl ysaA bl fi B~Vhdks , d r ksyk ’ kq+} xqXxqy ds pw.kZesa feyk nsaA vc bl l cdks[ kycV~Vs esa Mkydj ml esa , dr ksyk vj .Mh dk r sy] xk; dsnwèk l s cuk , d r ksyk eD[ kufeykdj [ kj y dj j xM+saA Lukudj ’ kjhj Bhd l s i ksNdj Nkr hl s i sV r d bl dk ysi eysaA fQjpkj ?kUVs vkj ke t ud fLFkfr esajgasA t c ysi l w[ k t k; s r c Lukudj ysaA , sl k i ¡kp fnu j kst i zkr %dj sa fQj , d ekg dk xSi¼var j ky½ nsdj i k¡p fnu dj saA, sl k r hu pkj ckj dj saA

egku ohj l i wr ksa dh l Ur kusa gSa gexq: xksfoUn] f’ kokt h t Sl s egki q: "kksa dh l Ur kuas gSa gej k"Vª /keZ ds fy , t hou ns t ks vi uk mu j k"Vª HkDr ksa

dh l Ur kusa gSa geAvkn’ kZ ft udks fo’ o ekur k , sl s vkn’ kZ okfn; ksa dh

l Ur kuas gSa geAegku ohj l i wr ksa dh l Ur kuas gSa ge

dU; kdqekj h] d’ ehj i j D; k ckr dj sa geykgkSj ] dj kph] bLykekckn i j Qgj k; s fr j axk i j fopkj

dj sa gei kfdLr ku l s vQxkfuLr ku r d ygj k; s gekj k fr j axk

dh ckr dj sa gel Ei w.kZ fo’ o dks vi uk yksgk euok; s dh ckr dj sa geA

egku ohj l i wr ksa dh l Ur kusa gSa ge

b±V dk t okc i RFkj ugh xksyh l s nsa geAfut LokFkZ dks R; kx dj j k"Vª&/keZ i j pyas geAdFkuh o dj uh dks , d l eku dj fn[ kyk; sa geAi qu% v[ k.M Hkkj r cus gekj k dj fn[ kyk; sa geA

egku ohj l i wr ksa dh l Ur kuas gSa gei h; w"k v j ksM+k

ohj l i wr ksa dh l Ur kusa*

5 fgUnw l Hkk okr kZ l cj ax fnukad 07 ebZ l s 13 ebZ 2014 r d

egkj kt mÙkkui kn dhnks j kfu; ka FkhA mudh cM+h j kuhdk uke l quhfr vkSj NksVh dkl q#fp FkkA l quhfr l s de r Fkkl q#fp l s vfèkd i zse dj r s FksAl quhfr i zk; % mi sf{kr FkhA bl fy; sog l kal kfj dr k l s foj ä gksdjvi uk vfèkd l s vfèkd l e;Hkxoku ds Hkt u i wt u esa O; r hrdj r h FkhA , d fnu cM+h j kuhds i q=k èkqzo vi us fi r k egkj ktmÙkkui kn dh xksn esa cSB x; sAl q#fp us mUgsa [ khapdj cykrogka l s mr kj fn; k vkSj QVdkj r sgq, dgk& ; g xksn vkSj j kt kdk fl agkl u esj s i q=k uke dk gSAr qEgsa ; g i n i zkIr dj us ds fy,Hkxoku dh vkj kèkuk dj ds esj ssxHkZ l s mRi Uu gksuk i M+sxkA

èkqo l q#fp ds blnqoZ~; ogkj l s vR; Ur nq[ kh gksdjj ksr s gq, vi uh eka l quhfr ds i klvk; sA vi uh l kSr ds O; ogkj dsfo"k; esa t kudkj l quhfr ds euesa Hkh vR; fèkd i hM+k gqbZA mUgksausèkqzo dks l e>kr s gq, dgk& i q=k!r qEgkj h foekr k us Øksèk ds vkos’ k

r qe oSfnd /keZ fuHkkvksa] Hkkj r dh nsfo; ksa! t kxks j hAnqfu; k¡ dks LoxZ cukvksa] Hkkj r dh nsfo; ksa! t kxks j hAA

I; kj k vk; Z gekj k] Hkwe.My dk Lokeh FkkAj .k dkS’ ky esa] fo| ky; esa] l dy fo’ o esa ukeh FkkAAfQj Å¡pk bl s mBkvks] Hkkj r dh nsfo; ksa! t kxks j hAnqfu; k dks LoxZ cukvksa] Hkkj r dh nsfo; ksa! t kxks j hA

xkSr e] dfi y] d.kkn] i r at fy l s Fks _ f"k egku~ ; gk¡Afo’ okfe=k] of’ k"B vxLR; l s Fks Å¡ps fo} ku~ ; gk¡A

r qe vuql qb; k cu t kvksa] Hkkj r dh nsfo; ksa! t kxks j hAnqfu; k¡ dks LoxZ cukvksa] Hkkj r dh nsfo; ksa! t kxks j hAAj ke] Hkj r ] y{e.k] guqer dks r qeus ohj cuk; k FkkA

vt qZu] Hkhe] Ñ".k] vfHkeU; q dks] t x esa pedk; k FkkAAohj ksa dh ekr k dgkvks] Hkkj r dh nsfo; ksa! t kxks j hA

nqfu; k¡ dks LoxZ cukvksa] Hkkj r dh nsfo; ksa! t kxks j hAAt xr ~ xq: _ f"k n; kuUn dks] r qeus xksn f[ kyk; k FkkAfcfLey] ’ ks[ kj ] enuyky dks] r qeus ykM+ yxk; k FkkAHkkj r dh ’ kku c<+kvksa] Hkkj r dh nsfo; ksa! t kxks j hA

nqfu; k¡ dks LoxZ cukvksa] Hkkj r dh nsfo; ksa! t kxks j hAAfr yd] xks[ kys] ukSj kst h dh r qe gh ekr k I; kj h gksAj kt xq: ] l q[ knso] Hkxr fl ag dh r qe r ks egr kj h gksAohj kaxuk cu l q[ k i kvks] Hkkj r dh nsfo; ksa! t kxks j hAnqfu; k¡ dks LoxZ cukvksa] Hkkj r dh nsfo; ks! t kxks j hAQS’ ku dh nks gksM+ NksM+] r qe cuks fonw"kh&{k=kk.khAmPp fopkj cukvksa vi us] t x esa t kvksxh ekuhAA

t xnh’ oj ds xq.k xkvks] Hkkj r dh nsfo; ksa! t kxks j hAnqfu; k¡ dks LoxZ cukvks] Hkkj r dh nsfo; ksa! t kxks j hAA

ns’ k&ns’ k esa nqfu; k¡ Hkj esa osnksa dk i zpkj dj ksAuUnyky* i k[ k.M feVkvksa] vfo| k : i h fr fej dksAnqfu; k¡ esa uke dekvks] Hkkr j dh nsfo; ksa! t kxks j hA

nqfu; k¡ dks LoxZ cukvks] Hkkj r dh nsfo; ksa! t kxks j hAAi a0 uUnyky fuHkZ;

Hkkj r dh nsfo; ksa! t kxks j h

Hkä ksa esa Js"B dgykr s gS èkqzqoesa Bhd gh dgk gSA Hkxoku ghr qEgsa fi r k dk fl agkl u vFkokml l s Hkh Js"B i n nsus esa l eFkZgSaA vr % r qEgsa mudh gh vkj kèkukdj uh pkfg, A ekr k ds opuksai j fo’ okl dj ds i kap o"kZ dkckyd èkqzo ou dh vksj py i M+kAekxZ esa ml s nso£"k ukj n feysAmUgksaus èkqzo dks vusd i zdkj l sl e>kdj ?kj ykSVkus dk i z; klfd; k] fdar q os ml s ykSVkus esavl Qy j gsA var esa mUgksaus èkqzodks } kn’ k{kj ea=k vkse ueksHkxor s okl qnsok; * dh nh{kk nsdj; ewuk r V i j vofLFkr eèkqou esat kdj r i djus dk funszZ’ k fn; kA

èkqzo nso£"k dks i z.kkedj ds eèkqou i gqapsA mUgksaus i gyseghus esa dSFk vkSj csj ] nwl j s eghusesa l w[ ks i Ùks] r hl j s eghus esa t yvkSj pkSFks eghus esa dsoy ok; qxzg.k dj ds r i L; k dhA i kaposeghus esa mUgksaus , d pj .k l s

[ kM+s gksdj ’ okal ysuk Hkh candj fn; kA ea=k ds vfèk"Bkr kHkxoku okl qnso esa èkqzo dk fpÙk, dkxz gks x; kA l al kj ds , dek=kvkèkkj Hkxoku esa , dkxz gksdjèkqzo ds ’ okal voj ksèk dj nsus l s

nsor kvksa dk ’ okal koj ksèk Lor %gks x; kA muds i zk.k l adV esai M+ x; sA nsor kvksa us Hkxoku dsi kl t kdj mul s èkqzo dks r i l sfuo‘Ùk dj us dh i zkFkZuk dhA

èkqzo Hkxoku ds è; ku esa

yhu FksA vpkud muds ân;dh T; ksfr var £gr gks x; hA èkqzous ?kcj kdj vi uh vka[ ksa [ kksyhAl keus ’ ka[ k pdz] xnk] i n~eèkkj hHkxoku Lo; a [ kM+s FksA èkzqo vKkuckyd FksA

mUgksaus gkFk t ksM+djHkxoku dks HkkoHkhuh Lr qfr dhAHkxoku us i zl Uu gksdj mUgsavfopy i n dk oj nku fn; kAi j ykSVus i j egkj kt mÙkkui knus /kqzo dks vHkwr i woZ Lokxr fd; kvkSj mudk j kT; kfHk"ksd dj dsr i ds fy; s ou xeu fd; kA /kqzouj s’ k gq, A l al kj esa i zkj C/k ’ ks"kgks t kus i j foeku vk; kA /kqzoe‘R; q ds eLr d i j i Sj j [ kdjfoeku esa vk: ) gksdj LoxZi /kkj sA mUgsa vfopy /kke i zkIrgqvkA mÙkj fn’ kk esa fLFkr /kqzor kj k vkt Hkh mudh vi woZ r i L; kdk l k{kh gSA

fp=kdwV dk i kSj kf.kd egRo gSaA Hkxoku Jhj ke us ; gka i j vi us ouokl ds 11 o"kZ O; r hrfd, Fks vkSj l hr k t h us vfXu i j h{kk nh FkhA i zkphu Hkkj r ds dfo; ksa&dkfynkl ] osnO; kl ] r qyl hnkl ]dchj vkSj j ghe us Hkh bl /kj r h ds l kSUn; Z dh i z’ kal k dh gSA fp=kdwV dk dqN Hkkx mÙkj i zns’ k esa dqNHkkx eè; i zns’ k esa l fEefyr gSA dgk t kr k gS fd cgqr l e; i gys t c t axyksa us fp=kdwV dh Hkwfe dks

fp=kdwV esa Hkxoku j ke us fcr k, 11 o"kZ

<dk gqvk Fkk r c ufn; ksa ds fdukjs l qanj deyf[ kyk dj r s Fks r c J) kyqvksa dk fo’ okl Fkkfd os bl i fo=k t y esa Luku dj ds fpar kvksa oi ki ksa l s eqDr gks t kr s FksA j kek; .k esa HkxokuJhj ke us t xg&t xg cr k; k gS fd ; gka j gr sgq, mUgsa dksbZ d"V ugha gqvkA bl LFkku ds ckj sesa i gys Lo.kZ ; qx ds l ar Jh okYehfd us fy[ kkAml l e; ; g LFkku i zkÑfr d l qanj r k l s Hkj i wjFkkA ; gka i fo=k o Kkuh vkRek, a eks{k ds fy,okl dj r h FkhA ml l e; dsoy i f{k; ksa ds Lojdh xwat gh ; gka l qukbZ t kr h FkhA 18oha ’ kr kCnh

ds var esa ; gk¡ eafnj o eB cuk, x, A fp=kdwV esa i w.kZekl h] nhokyh r Fkk j keuoeh o n’ kgjs vkfn mRl oeuk, t kr s gSaA ; s mRl o dsoy [ kqyh o mYykl ds fy, ugha gS cfYd bu mRl oksa dh i zR; sd i ‘"BHkwfe esa/keZxkFkk, a fNi h gSaA ; s xkFkk, a l kgl cfynku R; kx] Lusg o /kS; Z dk i zr hd gSA ; g cqj kbZ i j vPNkbZ dh>wB i j l p dh vkSj l gh i j xyr dh fot ; gSA ; gka vkus okys HkDr x.k dkenkefxjh dh i fj Øek dj ukugha Hkwyr sA bl l s mUgsa vkfRed ’ kkafr i zkIr gksr h gSA fp=kdwV ds nf{k.k esa yxHkx 16 fdyksehVj nwj , di fo=k LFkku gS t gka i j eg£"k vk=ks t Sl s i wT; l ar ksa ds vkJe gSA ; gka i j fHk{kqd] l k/kq y; esa xkr s gq,feyr s gaSA bl , dkar esa r i fLo; ksa dks vl he l q[ k&’ kkafr i zkIr gksr h gSA l al kj dh t fVyr kvksa o HkkSfr dr kl s dqN nsj ds fy, NqVdkj k feyr k gSA ; gka xqIr xksnkojh uked i fo=k xqQk gS t gka t kudh dqaM* ukedi zkÑfr d dqaM gSA xqQk esa l s i kuh dqaM esa fxj r k gS fQj vn‘’ ; gks t kr k gSA bl fy, bl s xqIr xksnkojh dgkt kr k gSA xqQk ds vanj dh dykRedr k fdl h dq’ ky dkjhxj ds gkFkksa dk deky i zr hr gksr h gSA j ke?kkVl s fcYdqy i gys , d NksVh i gkM+h i j guqeku t h dk eafnj gSA ; gka eaxyokj dks J) kyqvksa dh dkQh HkhM+yxr h gSA i kuh dh /kkj k i gkM+ esa guqeku t h dks ck; ha Hkqt k dk fxj r h gS ysfdu ; gka i gqapus ds fy, yxHkx360 l hf<+; ka p<+uh gksr h gSA ml ds ckn eqxy l aLÑfr dks >ydkr k gqvk Jhckykt h dk eafnj gSA fp=kdwVr d vkus ds fy, fudVr e gokbZ vM~Mk [ kt qj kgks gSA j sy ekxZ l s fp=kdwV >kal h l s 261 fdl h vkSjekfudi qj l s 31 fdeh nwj gSA t cyi qj ] okj k.kl h] gt j r fut keqíhu o gkoM+k l s Hkh fp=kdwV /kke ds fy,j sy l sok, a mi yC/k gSA mÙkj o eè; Hkkj r ds fofHkUu LFkkuksa l s Hkh fp=kdwV ds fy, cl sa vkr h gSA

6 fgUnw l Hkk okr kZ j k"VªfpUr u fnukad 07 ebZ l s 13 ebZ 2014 r d

’ ks"k i ‘"B 11 i j

¼fi Nys vad dk ’ ks"k½cywfpLr ku esa i kfdLrku

ds t Ue l s gh j k"Vªoknh vkUnksyudk vk/kkj gh Hkk"kk; h j gk gSvkSj os bLykekckn dh i at kchvkSj i Lr wu ukSdj ’ kkgh ds ?kksj’ kks"k.k l s =kLr gSA cywfpLr kui f’ peh i kfdLr ku dk ogl qyxr k i zkUr gS t ks nf{k.k esav j c l kxj ] mÙkj esavQxkfuLr ku o i f’ peh l heki j bZj ku dks Nwr k gSA bl dkfoLr ‘r {ks=kQy 3]47]190 oxZfdyksehy gSA bl dh j kt /kkuhDosVk vkSj dyky vkfn {ks=k 1947l s gh l qyxr s j gs gSaA cywph yksxv i us j k"Vª d s bZj ku]vQxkfuLr ku o i kfdLr ku esacaVs gksus ds dkj .k mnwZ ds opZLol s Hkh ?k‘.kk dj r s gaSA cywfp; ksa usi at kch eql yekuksa o mnwZHkkf"k; ksadks nf{k.k&i f’ peh cywfpLr kul s r qj Ur t kus dk vYVhesVe nsj [ kk gSA cywph vkf.od l a; a=kksads paxkbZ i gkM+h {ks=k o Loknkjcanj xkg ds fodkl esa phuhl g; ksx ds Hkh fo: ) gSA

i kfdLr ku ewy ds , dfczfV’ k pkVZMZ , dkmUVsUV l S; n

t ekyqíhu us r hu o"kZ i gys , dxzaFk fy[ kk Fkk ft l dk ’ kh"kZdFkk fMokbM i kfd Lr kuV~, fr feusV Vsj sfj Te* vkSj ; gl q>ko Hkh fn; k Fkk fdi kfdLr ku dks Ng vyx&vyxHkk"kk; h VqdM+ksa esa foHkkft r djfn; k t kuk pkfg, A mudsvuql kj caxyk Hkkf"k; ksa dksi kfdLr ku Lks i ‘Fkd gksuk mr ukgh LokHkkfod Fkk ft r ukcywfpLr ku dks i ‘Fkd Lor a=k ns’ kcuus dh i zfØ; k esa ml ds i gysn’ kkvksa l s py j gh gSA os i f’ pel s bl ds fy, gLr {ksi dk Hkhvkxzg dj j gs FksA

i kfd Lr ku oLr qr %t kr h; vkSj Hkk"kk; h foj ks/kkHkkl ksa

i j fdl r j g fVdk j gk gS bli j Hkh vusd Hkk"kk’ kkL=kh vk’ p; Zdj r s gaSA i at kch] i Bku] fl a/kh]d’ ehj h] i jUnwj ] cywph vkSj i wohZi kfdLr ku ds caxkyh dHkh HkhFkksi h l j dkj h Hkk"kk mnwZ l s ughacka/ks t k l dr s FksA mnwZ pkgs caxkygks ; k vQxkfuLr ku l s HkkbZj lyxs l hekUr gks fdl h {ks=k esaugha l e>h t kr h FkhA

fl U/kh j k"Vªokn dk mn;cywfpLr ku ds dsUnzh; paxqy l sckgj fudy us dh y xkr kjdksf’ k’ k vkSj /kekZU/k cgql a[ ; dl qfUu; ksa ds f’ k; k&vgefn; k]

bLekbyh] gkt j k] xwcj , oa vusdvYi l a[ ; dksa dks dkfQ+j ?kksf"krdj ogka vc fo?kVu u, chtQSyk pqds gSaA

mnwZ ek=k Hkkj r l s x,eql yeku ft Ugsa gseekudn O; aX;

gfj d‘".k fuxe

vkt Toyu’ khy] foLQksVd dj kphLe‘fr ; ksa esa fl eVdj j gus okys vfHk’ kIr fl af/k; ksa dh ekr ‘Hkwfe

l s eksgkft j gh dgk t kr k j gkgS mUgha dh cksyh gSA eè; , f’ k; kvkSj vj c ds vusd dêkjh l qUuhbLykeh ns’ k mUgsa fgUnoh eqfLyehdh l aKk nsdj vl yh eqfLyehHkh ugha ekur s gSa ; k nks; e nt sZds vuq; kbZ dgr s gSaA i kfdLr kuds l t Zd ft Uuk [ kqn vaxj st h;xqt j kr h cksy r s FksA mnwZi kfdLr kuh ewy t ul a[ ; k dhi gyh Hkk"kk ; k i gpku dHkh ughaj gh gS vkSj ogka vj kr ksy yhosuds vuql kj bl s fnYyh] y[ kuÅ]Hkksi ky] i Vuk] vkxj k o Hkksi kydh Hkk"kk dgdj O; ax fd; k t kr kgSA yhosus us t ks mi ; qDr xzaFkfy[ kk Fkk ml dk ’ kh"kZd os j [ kukpkgr s FksA fj Dohu QkWj , dUVªh*

vFkkZr ~ e‘r d ns’ k dh vkRek dh’ kkfUr ds fy, i zkFkZuk ; k e‘r ns’ kdk Jk) xhr A mUgksaus i gys dh1983 esa yanu l s i zdkf’ kr , dxzaFk dh Hkh ppkZ dh gSA dsui kfdLr ku l j okbZu\ n Msi vkWQn LVsV!* os i kfdLr ku ds Hkfo";ds i zfr ?kksj fuj k’ kkoknh gSA

t gka r d mi fyf[ kri kfdLr ku ewy ds fczfV’ k pkVZMZ, d kmUVsUV y s[ kd l S; nt eky qí hu d s p£pr xzaFkvkr adokn esa mUewyu ds fy,i kfdLr ku dk foHkkt u vi sf{kr’ kh"kZd p£pr xzaFk dk l anHkZ gS

ml us d e l s d e Ngvyx&vyx VqdM+ksa esa ckaVus dhckr dh gSa ml us mudk ukedj .kHkh fd; k gS t Sl s fl U/kq ns’ k]ft Uuki zn] cywfpLr ku vkSji kfdLr ku! vkbZ- ; wuhol Z

bUdkj i ksj sVsM } kj k i zdkf’ kryxHkx 120 i ‘"Bksa dh ; g i qLr dl kj s fo’ o esa vest u MkV dke} kj k 15-95 Mk; j csph xbZ FkhvkSj Lo; a vesfj dh i f=kdk Vkbeus foKki uksa } kj k fo’ oHkj esa bl dsfoi .ku esa l g; ksx fn; k FkkAbl esa i kd dh vkr adoknhxfr fo/k; ksa dks vfyf[ kr dj usds l kFk l kFk ml i j vkj ksiyxk; k x; k Fkk fd og nqfu; kds gj vkr adoknh l kft ’ kksa dkfdl h u fdl h : i esa vkr s gSaAdj kph Hkh nqfu; ka dk l cl s[ kr jukd LFkku vkSj O; k?kz i ’ kqvksadk egkuxj cuk gqvk gksAi kfdLr ku t Sl s v j kt d oÑf=ke j kT; ds fp=kRd o.kZ l s

ml s vkr adokn dk i kj axr fcUnqng’ kr okn d s fu; kZr d kIy sVQkeZ] v y d k; nk d s

fo’ oO; ki h edM+t ky dk dsUnzfcUnq Hkh dgk x; k gSaA fl a/k dsi ‘Fkdr koknh i qj kus vkUnksyu dsdkj .k fofHkUu {ks=kksa dks cka/kusoky k dksbZ l w=k ugha gSaAvydk; nk o r kfycku i j vadq’ kyxkus ds i z; kl ksa dk nkok ek=kNykok gS ; gka r d fd nwl j sdqN ys[ kdksa t Sl s cwzl j hMu dsMsMr h , Eczsl % i kfdLr ku] vesfjdk, .M n i zU; wod vkQ Xykscyft gkn dh r j g bl esa Hkh vesjhdkdks psr kouh nh xbZ gS fd ml dsvkSj i kfdLr ku ds n’ kdksa ds?kfu"B l EcU/k , d ?kkr dvkfyaxu dh r j g gS D; ksafd ogl gh vFkksZa esa Vsj sfj Lr ku ; kft gkfnLr ku cu pqdk gSA

l suk o i z’ kkl u esai at kc ds opZLo ds foj kV fl a/kh]i [ r wuksa o cywfp; ksa dk [ kqydjl keus vkuk i kfdLr ku dkst ksM+dj j [ kus okyk vdsyki qj kuk r Ro gSA Hkkj r vkSj fgUnqvksads fo: ) ?k‘.kk t ks ogka l nSoi zkl afxd j gk gS dj kph bl dsfy, , d dk; Z’ kkyk ds : i esaj gk gSA vc d’ ehj dkMZ Hkhi qj kuk gks pqdk gS vkSj ek=kvkr adokn ds fuekZ.k ds fy, , dcgkuk cuk gqvk gSA

fl U/kh i ‘Fkdr kokni kfdLr ku ds xys dh vxyh Qkalgks l dr h gS D; ksafd ; g i zkUrHkk"kkvksa dh f[ kpM+h gSA fl U/khi zeq[ k Hkk"kk r ks gS i j ; gk dPphxqt j kr h vkSj ekj okM+h Hkh pyr hgSA nkml h cksgjk l ekt dh Hkk"kk

xqt j kr h gS] fl U/k ds Fkkj dkl gkj k vkSj Hkkj r ds t Sl yesjdk l gkj k] , d nwl j s l s t qM+k

gSA i kfdLr ku ds gSnj kckn dsi kl fLFkr [ kksdj ki kj ] j kt LFkkuds i k[ k.M esa fLFkr ckM+esj l sds eqUukcko xkao l s yxk gSAi k.kk j keokus vusd eqfLye vi usi woZt ksa dks j k.kk {kf=k; dgr s gSAl u~ 1947 esa i kfdLr ku cuus dsckn gt kj ksa mnwZ Hkk"kh fcgkj ] mÙkji zns’ k vkSj vl e ds {ks=kksa esadj kph ’ kgj ds fgUnqvksa dsi yk; u fd, eq¶r ?kj ksa esa j gusyxs vkSj bl r j g eqgkft j ksa l sHkj k Fkk ; g ’ kgj A i kfdLr ku odj kph esa mnwZ dk t ks cksyckykgS og bl r j g ds eqgkft j ksa dhot g l s gSA fgUnqLr ku ds fo: )t gj mxyus ds fy, ; g eqgkft jgh vxqokbZ dj r s gSaA dj kph dhLor a=kr k ds i gys Hkkj r esa Nfoogka ds fo’ ofo| ky; l s l cl si qj kus n; kj ke t sBey fl a/kegkfo| ky; _ f"ki q#"k l k/kq Vh-, y- okl okuh] Mh-, -oh- dkyksyhdh J‘a[ kyk vkSj l cl s cM+k oi qj kuk Ldwy , u-t s- xouZesUVLdwy ds dkj .k Hkh ft l dsl aLFkki d ukj k; .k t xUukFk FksAvkt yxHkx , d dj ksM+ dht ul a[ ; k okys ’ kgj esa l s Fkhek=k 30&35 l ky gh dj kphegkuxj ea i k, t k, axsA

D; k vkt dy fo’ okldj saxs fd o"kZ 1839 esa pkYl Zusfi ; j ds usr ‘Ro esa vaxzst hc[ r j can l suk l eqnz ekxZ l sfl a/kq unh l s gksdj ogksa dsvfr fj Dr fgLl s esa ?kql h FkhApkYl Z

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9 fgUnw l Hkk okr kZ INTERNATIONAL fnukad 07 ebZ l s 13 ebZ 2014 r d

Nothing is avail-able free of cost in busi-ness. One has to pay theprice for everything. Thefact that Indian governmenthas been offering red car-pet treatment to multina-tional companies (MNCs)with the expectation thatthey will contribute capital,will bring in technology andexpertise, will enhance pro-duction capacities, willgenerate employment op-portunities, will increaseexports, and will satisfy themarket demand and whatnot, has not had as goodimpact on Indian economyas was expected.

It was in 1991 afterwe accepted the Liberal-ization, Polarization, andGlobalization (LPG) policyin 1991 that the MNCsmade its way to India toutilize its untapped Indianmarket, when it was beingclaimed that inviting MNCsin India will create a win-win situation for the both.But twenty years threeyears down the line, theMNCs have scripted a dif-ferent story that is weigh-ing heavy on the Indianeconomy.

The MNCs eitherform their subsidiaries inIndia or enter into joint ven-tures with Indian compa-nies. These subsidiaries orjoint ventures have to payroyalty for the technicalknow-how and also for theuse of their internationalbrands. And this has beenperfectly acceptable oncommercial as well as le-gal fronts. The CommerceMinister Mr. Anand Sharmain a letter to Finance Min-istry, said on 23rd Dec2013 that given the currenteconomic situation and ahigh quantum of outflowson this account, there is aneed to take a view onwhether the ceiling on roy-alty payments and fee fortechnical services shouldbe reintroduced in the FDIpolicy to check the largeoutflows and prevent pos-sible misuse of this win-dow. "It is a great con-cern.... We are assessingthe situation. It needs aclose watch especially in

MNCs have increasingly begun to usethe royalty route to extract dispropor-tionate returns from their Indian arms,especially since the government re-laxed the curbs on remittances a fewyears ago.?cases where there is notransfer of technology," asenior DIPP official toldpress.

These state-ments are more relevantin the backdrop of twokey decisions taken bythe government-1. Before 2009, roy-alty was regulated by theIndian government andwas capped at 8% of ex-ports and 5% of domestic

sales in case of technologi-cal transfer, and fixed at 2%of exports and 1% of do-mestic sales for use oftrademark and brandname. Commerce Ministryhad, in 2009, successfullypressed for lifting restric-tions on royalty paymentsby Indian company to an

MNC to make India look in-vestor friendly.2. To discouragehigher royalty payments,the government had in the

C.A. Dr. V.M.Govilkar

MNCs’ Presence inIndia: At What Cost?

budget 2013, raised the taxrate on royalty and fee fortechnical services paid tooverseas entities to 25%from the earlier 10%.

How big are thefigures of royalty andother payments? Data isavailable from threesources1. In the special re-

tions on royalty and otherpayments.

The follow ingdata is revealed bythese sources

Increase in theamount of royalty and otherpayments: The five highestroyalty paying companiesMaruti Suzuki, HindustanUnilever, Nestle India,Bosch and ABB India, re-mitted Rs.3979 Cr in FY13,

up from Rs.3124 Cr inFY12 (a jump of 27.4%).

For the listed 25companies that pay high-est royalties (excluding GulfOil and P&G), royalty andrelated payments in-creased by 23.8% toRs.4952 Cr in FY13 fromRs.3999 Cr in FY12.

A study of 20 suchcompanies showed that

23.8% n FY13. This wasnot in-line with growth inearnings as net profitsgrew only at 13.1%. InFY13, companies such asABB and Maruti Suzukipaid over 300% and 100%of their PAT as royalty andrelated payments. This in-dicates that the paymentto their parent companiesis more than the profitavailable to shareholders

of the companies. Royaltypayments alone

contribute to 1.5%of Suzuki Motor Corp’s netsales and 47.0% of its PATfor 2012-13. Does it not in-dicate the intentions ofMNCs to earn as much aspossible from their subsid-iaries or joint ventures?

In principle it is truethat royalt ies are acompany’s decision andare approved by the boardand shareholders. How-ever, despite localinvestor’s protests, com-panies continue to pressfor increase in royalty, andminority shareholders bearthe brunt of these pay-ments as royalties crimpprofits available with thecompany for distribution inthe form of dividends. Onthe other hand, foreign pro-moters get a disproportion-ate share of the incomecompared to theirshareholding. Hindustan UnileverLimited (HUL) proposed toincrease royalty from1.40% to 3.15% of turn-over, in a phased mannerfrom February 2013 toMarch 2018. Nestle proposed toincrease such costs from3.5% to 4.5% of sales overa five years, starting 2014. Outflow of foreigncurrency compared withFDI. The removal of re-strictions on royalty pay-ments has now led to asharp increase in royalty

The flurry to in-crease royalty ratesmay look inconse-quential in percent-age terms but theyresult in-1. Huge outflow ofmoney from the countryevery year.2. MNCs have in-creasingly begun to usethe royalty route to ex-tract disproportionatereturns from their Indianarms, especially sincethe government relaxedthe curbs on remit-tances a few years ago.3. The interests ofthe minority sharehold-ers are not properlytaken care of.4. Royalties haveresulted in no improve-ment in technical know-how of a foreigncompany's Indian part-ner and hence are adrain on the economy.

Will the FinanceMinistry take the letter ofCommerce Ministry inright spirit and act in theinterest of the nation? Ifthe present FinanceMinister does not, thenew one will have to.

conitnued on page no. 11

port titled ‘Paying the price:Multinationals, RoyaltyPayments and MinorityShareholders’, InstitutionalInvestor Advisory Services(IiAS) analyzed royalty re-lated data of 25 companiesand developed the “IiASRoyalty Signal,” whichclassifies companies onthe basis of how increasedroyalty payments have im-pacted companyfinancials.2. The study of 15MNCs conducted by AmbitCapital.3. The letter of Com-merce Ministry to the Fi-nance Ministry asking forre-imposition of restric-

royalty payments to foreignparents tripled to Rs.3, 601crore in 2011-12 comparedwith Rs.1, 196 crore in theyear ended March 2008 i.e.a rise of almost threetimes.

No relationship ofincreased royalty with vol-ume of sales: For 25 com-panies referred above, theincrease in sales was only13.1% while the royalty pay-ment went up by 23.8%.

Is increase in roy-alty payment in tune withincrease in profits? For 25companies referred above,the increase in sales wasonly 13.1% while the roy-alty payment went up by

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conitnued from page no. 9 MNCs' presence in....... payments - 18% of FDI inflows in 2012-13 from 13% in 2009-10 .About $4.4 billion went out of India as royalty payments in2012-13, nearly 20% of the $22.4 billion in foreign direct in-vestment received by the country in the year. The outflows onaccount of royalty and fee for technical services, taken to-gether, are in the range of 16-33 per cent of the foreign directinvestment (FDI) inflows over the period 2009-10 and 2012-13. Minority shareholders bear the brunt of these pay-ments as royalties crimp profits available with the companyfor distribution in the form of dividends. Foreign promotersget a disproportionate share of the income compared to theirshareholding. Companies such as 3M India, Timken India,Whirlpool of India and Asahi India Glass have paid royaltyin the range of 1.2 per cent to 2.6 per cent of net sales totheir foreign partners but have not paid any dividends toshareholders since 2008 (excluding one-off dividend pay-ments). Had these companies paid dividends in lieu of roy-alty to foreign partners, shareholders could have enjoyedthe monetary benefits.

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