1

]›naL´ kwc£W

GtIm]\kanXnbpsS \btcJ]›naL´sØ kwc£n°pI; tIcfsØ c£n°pI

tIcfw C∂v \ne\nev]n\mbp≈ Hcp kacØnemWv; XnI®pw

AXnPoh\Øn\mbp≈ kacw. Hcn°¬ kkyiymafambncp∂ tIcfw

acp`qanhXv°cWØns‚ ]mXbnemWn∂v. tIhew 38,863 N. In.ao. amXw hnkvXo¿Æhpw

AXn¬ sNdpXpw hepXpamb 44 \ZnIIfpap≈ sIm®ptIcfw Imeh¿jw Ignbp∂tXmsS

hc≠pWßp∂p. `qK¿`Pe\nc∏v Xmgp∂Xns\m∏w InWdpIsfms°bpw

h‰nt∏mIp∂tXmsS P\߃ IpSnsh≈an√msX ZpcnXØnemhp∂p. an° \ZnIfpw

ag°meØp amXw \Znbmbncn°pIbpw ag Ignbp∂tXmsS hc≠pWßp∂ As√¶n¬

t\¿Ø \o¿®mepIfmbn Ahtijn°p∂p. th\¬ NqSv `bm\Iamb tXmXn¬ Db¿∂v

GXm≠v 40 UnKn sk‚ntKUn\v apIfnseØp∂p an° Pn√Ifnepw. apºv CXbpw

NqSp≠mIpambncp∂Xv ]me°mSv Pn√bn¬ amXambncp∂p!

Imemhÿbnep≠mbncn°p∂ am‰ßƒ tIcfØnse agbpsS XmfsØbpw

sX‰n®ncn°p∂p. agsb Bibn®v amXw Irjn \S°p∂ tIcfØn¬,

agbnep≠mbncn°p∂ Xmfw sX‰¬ Irjnsb kmcambn _m[n®p Ign™ncn°p∂p.

ImØncn°ptºmƒ ag s]ømXncn°pIbpw Hm¿°m∏pdØv s]øpIbpw sNøp∂Xv

tIcfØnse ]pXnb ag A\p`hambn amdnbncn°p∂p. Cu hyXnbm\߃ Irjnsb

amXa√ ]pgIfnsebpw ISensebpw a’ykºØnepw h≥ CSnhp≠mbncn°p∂p.

samØØn¬ Imemhÿbnep≠mbncn°p∂ am‰w \mw HmtcmcpØcpw ssZ\wZn\w

A\p`hn®psIm≠ncn°pIbmWv. Cßs\ t]mbm¬ mhnbn¬ F¥mhpw Ahÿsb∂v

F√mhcpw At\ym\yw ]cnX]n°p∂Xv Hcp km[mcWImcyambncn°p∂p

h¿Øam\tIcfØn¬.

Cu AhÿbpsS ]n∂mºpdtØ°v t\m°nbmtem -˛\ΩpsS ImSpIfpsS

`qcn`mKhpw sh´nshfp∏n®v tXm´ßtfm dntkm¿´pItfm B°nbncn°p∂p. aeIsf√mw

Hms∂m∂mbn Xpc∂v \nc∏m°nsIm≠ncn°p∂p. IpSnsh≈an√mXmIp∂ \m´n¬

`qK¿`Pew Du‰n hn‰ v Imim°p∂ sh≈Iº\nIƒ hym]Iambncn°p∂p.

hbepIsfms°bpw Xcnin´v \nIØnsbSpØv Ic`qanbm°n am‰ns°m≠ncn°p∂p.

\o¿NmepIfpw \ZoXSßfpsa√mw Itødn \nIØn Ic`qantbmSv tN¿ØpsIm≠ncn°p∂p...

\mw, aebmfnIƒ, Ign™ aq∂p \mep ]Xn‰m≠pIfmbn \ΩpsS ]IrXntbmSv

sNbvXpsIm≠ncn°p∂ ]mXIßfmWnXv. Cu sNbvXnIƒ°v ]IrXn AXnt‚Xmb

coXnbn¬ ]XnIcn®psIm≠ncn°p∂p F∂p amXa√ AXv \ap°v ap∂dnbn∏pw Xcp∂p-

˛ Cu coXnbn¬ Cu tZiØn\v A[nIImew apt∂m´p t]mIm\mhn√!

F√m kwkvImcßfpw PeØns‚ e`yXbpambn _‘s∏´mWv temIsØßpw

hnIkn®n´p≈Xv F∂Xv Hcp km[mcW NcnX]mTw. tIcfØns‚ kwkvImcØns‚bpw

X\nabpsSbpw ASnÿm\hpw ChnSpsØ Pe kºpjvSn Xs∂bmbncp∂p. AXv

\ap°mbn Dd∏m°nsIm≠ncn°p∂tXm, tIcfØns‚ Ing°v, sX°v ˛ hS°mbn

InS°p∂p, tIcfØns‚ \s´√v F∂v ]dbmhp∂ ]›naL´ ae\ncIfpw .

2

AXpsIm≠mWv tIcfØns‚ \ne\nev]v ]›naL´hpambn At`Zyambn _‘s∏´p

InS°p∂psh∂v `qhn⁄m\nIfpw ]IrXnimkvX⁄∑mcpw Bh¿Øn®v ]dbp∂Xv.

tIcfØns‚ anX iotXmjvW Imemhÿbpw hn`hkar≤nbpw, ip≤Pehpw

ip≤hmbphpsa√mw ]›naL´Øns‚ \ne\nev]psIm≠p amXw D≠mbn´p≈XmWv.

]›naL´Øns‚ \miw tIcf°cbpsS \miamhp∂Xpw AXpsIm≠mWv. AXn\m¬

]›naL´sØ AXns‚ kzm`mhnIXbn¬ Ignbp∂X hos≠SpØv kwc£nt°≠Xv

Hmtcm aebmfnbpsSbpw ISabmhp∂p.

F∂m¬, F¥mWv C∂v ]›naL´Øn¬ \S∂psIm≠ncn°p∂Xv? A[nIrXhpw

A\[nIrXhpambn 8000 tØmfw ]mdaSIfmWv ]›naL´sØ cm]Ien√msX

Xpc∂psIm≠ncn°p∂Xv. A[nIrXsa∂p ]dbp∂hbn¬ \n∂p t]mepw ]Jym]nX

Afhnt\°mƒ FXtbm IqSpXemWv A\[nIrXambn s]m´ns®SpØpsIm≠ncn°p∂Xv.

CØcw ]mdaSIfpsS ]cnkc]tZißfn¬ P\߃°pamXa√ a‰v PohnIƒ°p t]mepw

Pohn°m≥ ]‰mXmbncn°p∂p.

CØcw ]mdaSIƒs°Xnsc tIcfØnetßmfantßmfw ]mtZinI P\߃

kacØnemsW¶nepw i‡amb I£ncmjvSob -˛ `cWIqS ]n¥pWtbmsS

CsXms°bpw \n¿∫m[w \SØns°m≠ncn°p∂p. ]cnÿnXn hIp∏ns‚bpw _‘s∏´

a‰v hIp∏pIfpsSbpw IrXyamb A\paXnbn√msXbmWv CXn¬ an°hbpw

]h¿Øn°p∂Xv. AYhm Ds≠¶n¬ Xs∂, AhnsS bYm¿∞Øn¬

sNøp∂sXs¥∂p≈Xv ad®p h®v t\Snbn´p≈ ‘A\paXn’IfmWv AsXms°bpw.

]mdaSIfpsS am\ZWvU߃ t`Zn®v J\nIƒ F∂ XcØnemWv h≥InS

]mdaSIsfms°bpw ]h¿Øn°p∂Xv. ]mdaSIƒ°mbn \nPs∏SpØnbn´p≈ Bghpw

hnkvXo¿Æhpsam∂pa√ Ahbvs°ms°bpw. 6 ao‰¿ ]camh[n XmgvN A\phZn®nSpØv

60 ao‰dne[nIw BgØn¬ ]mds]m´ns®Sp°p∂p≠v tIcfØn¬. \nehnep≈ F√m

]mcnÿnXnI \nbaßsfbpw ewLn®psIm≠mWv Chsbms°bpw

]h¿Øn®psIm≠ncn°p∂Xv.

CXpt]mse Xs∂bmWv aetbmc taJebnse `qItø‰hpw. \ne\nev]n\mbn

aetbmctØ°v IpSntbdnb sNdpInS I¿jIcpsS Imcya√ CXv. adn®v I¿jI¿ F∂

hymtP\ Bbnc°W°n\v G°¿ `qan A\[nIrXambn Itødn, tXm´ßfpw

dntkm¿´pIfpw ]Wnbp∂ am^nbIfpsS ImcyamWv. sXmÆqdpIƒ°p tijw

cmPyØmIam\ap≠mb DZmchev°cW \bßsf XpS¿∂v hnIkn® SqdnkØns‚

km≤yXIfmWv CØcw Itø‰ßfpsS ]n∂nep≈Xv. F∂m¬, ]IrXnIqSn

Dƒs∏Sp∂XmWv Sqdnksa∂pw AXns\ c£n®psImt≠ SqdnkØn\p \ne\nev°m\mhq

F∂pw Xncn®dn™psIm≠p≈ \nb¥Wßsfm∂pw Xs∂ G¿s∏SpØm≥ cWIqSw

ian®n√ F∂p amXa√ Sqdnkw hnIk\Øn\mbn k¿°mcpIƒ h≥tXmXnep≈

klmbw \evIpIbpw sNbvXp, tIcfØnse ae\ncIfnte°pw ImbepIfnte°pw

Sqdnkw hym]n®Xns‚ Zpc¥ßfmWv \mw C∂v t\cn´psIm≠ncn°p∂Xv. aeIfnse√mw

A\[nIrX Itø‰ßfpw AXn¬ tIm¨Io‰v ku[ßfpw \nd™ncn°p∂p. tIcfØnse

ImbepIfpw Dƒ\mS≥ Pemibßfpsa√mw Sqdnkw aqew aen\am°s∏´ncn°p∂p.

]cnÿnXnsb Xosc AhKWn®psIm≠p≈ hn\miIcßfmb ]≤XnIfmWv tIcfØn¬

C∂v SqdnkØns‚ t]cn¬ \S∏nem°nsIm≠ncn°p∂Xv.

3

]›naL´ aetbmc taJeIfn¬ CXv h≥Zpc¥amWv hcpØnh®ncn°p∂Xv.

tIcfØn¬ G‰hpw IqSpX¬ XWp∏v A\p`hs∏Sp∂ aq∂m¿ taJebnse Dbcp∂

Xm]\ne Ghcpw BImw£tbmsS D∂bn°p∂ ImcyamWv. aq∂mdn¬ ]q°p∂

\oeIpdn™nIsf∏‰n Du‰wsIm≈p∂h¿ taen¬ AhnsS \oeIpdn™nIƒ

hfcmXncn°p∂Xn\p≈ kmlNcyamWv bYm¿∞Øn¬ krjvSn®psIm≠ncn°p∂Xv!

]›naL´ ae\ncIƒ CØcØnep≈ \misØ t\cnSp∂Xv tIcfØn¬ amXa√,.

I\ymIpamcn apX¬ KpPdmØnse Xm]vXn \ZoXocw hsc \o≠pInS°p∂ Cu ae\ncIƒ,

AXv \ne\n¬°p∂ F√m kwÿm\ßfnepw h≥ \ioIcWßsfbmWv

kln®psIm≠ncn°p∂Xv. ]›naL´sa∂Xv tIcfw, Xangv\mSv, I¿ÆmSIw, tKmh,

almcmjvS, KpPdmØv F∂o Bdp kwÿm\ßfnembn hym]n®pInS°p∂ GXm≠v 25

tImSntbmfw P\ßfpw a‰v At\Imbncw PohPmeßfpw Dƒs∏Sp∂ ae\ncIfptSXmb

Hcp BhmkhyhÿbmWv. CXnse hfsc ][m\s∏´ `mKamWv tIcfØnep≈Xv.

]›naL´ ae\ncIfpsS I¿ÆmSI, tKmh ]tZißfn¬ h≥tXmXnep≈ J\\amWv

C∂v \S∂psIm≠ncn°p∂Xv. CsX√mw hnIk\Øns‚ t]cnemWv \S°p∂Xpw.

F∂m¬, Cu hnIk\ ]≤XnIfn¬ Hcp A`n]mbhpw ]dbm\mImØ AhÿbnemWv

P\߃. F√m Xocpam\ßfpw P\ßfpsS t]cn¬ Ahsc _enbmSm°pw hn[amWv

D≠mhp∂Xv. ]mcnÿnXnIamb \ne\nev]ns\ F∂tØ°pambn AhXmfØnemIp∂

CØcw hnIk\ k¶ev]߃ ]›naL´sØ ]q¿Æambn \in∏n°psa∂pw AXv

]›naL´sØ Bibn®v Ignbp∂ 25 tImSntbmfw hcp∂ P\ßfpsS amXa√ AhcpsS

`mhnXeapdbv°pw ChnsS Pohn°m\mhmØ kmlNcyambncn°pw D≠m°pI F∂pap≈

sshInh∂ Xncn®dnhmWv, ]›naL´sØ∏‰n ]Tn°m\mbn Hcp kanXnsb

\ntbmKn°p∂Xnte°v k¿°mcns\ sIms≠Øn®Xv. ]›naL´sØ∏‰n kkq£vahpw

imkXobhpambn ]Tn°m\pw AXns‚ ASnÿm\Øn¬ ]›naL´Øns‚

kwc£Wm¿∞w \S∏nemt°≠ Imcyßsf∏‰n \n¿t±i߃ ka¿∏n°m\pambmWv

C∂v hnhmZØnembncn°p∂, am[hv KmUvKn¬ sNb¿am\mbp≈, kanXnsb

\ntbmKn°p∂Xv. ]cnÿnXn kwc£Wm¿∞w [mcmfw \nba߃ C¥ybn¬

\nehneps≠¶nepw Ahsbm∂pw Xs∂ ]men°s∏SmsXbmWv hnIk\Øns‚ adhn¬

F√mØcØnepap≈ ]mcnÿnXnI sIm≈ \S°p∂Xv. C∂v CØcw ]IrXn sIm≈

\SØp∂h¿ h≥ am^nbIfmbn hf¿∂ncn°p∂p. I£n cmjvSob ]m¿´nIfpsSbpw

amdnamdn hcp∂ k¿°mcpIfpsSbpw HØmib√msX as‰m∂pa√ Ch¿°v Cu IcpØv

\evInbXv. \nenhnep≈ \nbaßsfsbms° adnIS∂v ]IrXnsb tIhesamcp

hn`hsat∂mWw A\nb¥nXambn sIm≈bSn°m≥ tijnbp≈ aqe[\i‡nIƒ

IS∂ph∂tXmsS AhcpsS Xm¬]cy߃°v kuIcysamcp°nsImSp°p∂ Hcp GP≥kn

amXambn k¿°mcpIƒ amdnØo¿∂p. Cu kXyw Xncn®dn™n´mWv, KmUvKn¬ IΩn‰n,

hnIk\Øn¬ P\ßfpsS P\m[n]Xy AhImiw Dd∏m°p∂ hn[Øn¬, ]›naL´sØ

Bibn°p∂ P\ßfpsSbpw AhcpsS `mhnXeapdbpsSbpw \ne\nev] v

Dd∏m°m\pXIp∂ dnt∏m¿´n\v cq]w \¬Ip∂Xv. ]›naL´w F∂Xv Iptd Ip∂pIfpw

ImSpIfpw amXas√∂pw a\pjy\pw a‰v At\Imbncw PohPmeßfpw k¥penXambn

\ne\nev°p∂ Hcp BhmkhyhÿbmsW∂pw AXnse Hmtcm∂ns‚bpw \ne\nev]v

a‰p≈hbpsS \ne\nev]pambn At`Zyambn _‘s∏´ncn°p∂XmsW∂pw,

4

AhbpsSsb√mw \ne\nev]v ]›naL´Øns‚ samØØnep≈ \ne\nev]ns\

Bibn®mWncn°p∂sX∂pw imkvXob hy‡XtbmsS \sΩ t_m[ys∏SpØp∂XmWv

am[hv KmUvKn¬ kanXn apt∂m´v h® dnt∏m¿´v. AXv \mtim∑pJamb ]›naL´sØ

]p\cp÷ohn∏n°p∂Xn\pw kwc£n°p∂Xn\pw Bhiyamb \S]SnIaßsf∏‰nbp≈

Dƒ°mgvN Xcp∂ dnt∏m¿´mWv. a\pjys‚ A\¥amb B¿Ønsb ap≥\n¿Øn Hcn°epw

]IrXnsb kwc£n°m\mIns√∂pw adn®v ]IrXnsb kwc£n®psImt≠ a\pjys‚

Bhiy߃ \ndth‰m\mIq F∂pw KmUvKn¬ \sΩ Hm¿Ωn∏n°p∂p. a\pjycns√¶nepw

\ZnIƒ°pw ImSpIƒ°pw Ip∂pIƒ°pw a‰v PohPme߃°pw \ne\nev°m\mIpw

F∂m¬ \ZnIfpw ImSpIfpw Ip∂pIfpw a‰ v PohPmeßfpan√msX

a\pjy¿°pamXambn \ne\nev°m\mhn√. CXmWv \mw C\nsb¶nepw

a\nemt°≠ ]IrXn kXyw!

bYm¿∞Øn¬ a\pjycpsS \ne\nev]ns\ Dd∏m°p∂Xn¬ Du∂nXs∂bmWv

KmUvKn¬ dnt∏m¿ v Xømdm°s∏´n´p≈Xv. ]›naL´Øns‚ kwc£WsØ ap≥\n¿Øn,

]m[m\yØns‚ ASnÿm\Øn¬, AXns\ H∂pw c≠pw aq∂pw tkmWpIfmbn Xncn®v,

AXntemtcm∂nepw \mw sNømhp∂Xpw sNøm≥ ]mSn√mØXpamb Imcy߃

Hs∂m∂mbn AXn¬ hy‡am°nbncn°p∂p. ASnb¥ncambn \n¿Øn ht°≠

Imcyßfpw, ItaW \S∏nemt°≠ Imcyßfpw ]tXyIw ]tXyIambn ]dbp∂p.

CsX√mw B ]tZißfn¬ Pohn°p∂hcpsS PohnXmhiyßsfbpw IqSn

]cnKWn®psIm≠mWv ]d™ncn°p∂Xv. Xs∂bpa√, Cu \n¿t±ißsf√mw P\߃

AhcpsS G‰hpw ]mYanIamb P\m[nImckanXnIfmb Kmak`Ifn¬ N¿® sNbvXv

thWw dnt∏m¿´n\v A¥na cq]ap≠m°m≥ F∂pw AXn¬ hy‡am°nbncn°p∂p.

AXmbXv, P\Iobamb N¿®bneqsS, ]›naL´Øns‚ kwc£WØn\mbn, P\߃°v

kzoImcyhpw AkzoImcyhpamb Imcy߃ Is≠Øp∂Xn\pw \S∏nem°p∂Xn\pap≈

km≤yXIfmWv KmUvKn¬ dnt∏m¿´v apt∂m´ph°p∂Xv. AXn\mbn Cu dnt∏m¿´v N¿®

sNøs∏tS≠Xv A\nhmcyambncp∂p.

F∂m¬, AØcw Hcp iaw tIµKh¨sa‚ ns‚tbm kwÿm\

Kh¨sa‚pIfpsStbm `mKØp \n∂p≠mbn√. dnt∏m¿´v ka¿∏n°s∏´t∏mƒ AXv

]ckyam°p∂Xn\v ]Icw ]qgvØnsh°m\mWv tIµKh¨sa‚ v BZyw ian®Xv.

hnhcmhImi \nba]Imcw Bhiyap∂bn°s∏´t∏mƒ amXamWv dnt∏m¿´v ]pdØp

h∂Xv. B¿°pth≠nbmbncp∂ncn°Ww tIµ Kh¨sa‚ v KmUvKn¬ dnt∏m¿´v

]qgvØnbXv? dnt∏m¿ v Xømdm°ns°m≠ncp∂ L´Øn¬ FXnc`n]mbw h∂Xp apgph\pw

J\\ ˛ ]mdaS ˛ dntkm¿´v ˛ `qam^nbIfpsS `mKØp\n∂mbncp∂p F∂dnbptºmƒ

Xs∂ \ap°v Cu tNmZyØn\pØcw e`n°p∂p≠v. P\ßfpsS Xmev]cya√ adn®v Cu

am^nbIfpsS Xmev]cyambncp∂p tIµKh¨sa‚n\v apJysa∂¿∞w.

dnt∏m¿´v ]pdØph∂tXmsS AXns\Xncmbn tIcfØnse an°hmdpw F√mw

]apJ cmjvSob ]m¿´nIfpw DSt\Xs∂ cwKØp hcnIbp≠mbn. ta¬]d™

am^nbIfpsS ]Ww ]‰n AhcpsS Xmev]cy kwc£Icmbn A[:]Xn®n´p≈ ChnSpsØ

cmjvSob ]m¿´nIƒ, AhcpsS am^nbm Xmev]cy߃ ad®ph®v, aetbmc taJebn¬

IpSntbdnb P\ßfpsSbpw AhcpsS IrjnbpsSbpw PohnXØns‚bpw t]cpw ]d™mWv

cwKØp h∂Xv. dnt∏m¿´ns‚ A¥:kØsb ad®p h®v, AXns‚ D≈S°sØ sX‰mbn

5

hymJym\n®pw C√mØhsbms°bpw Iq´nt®¿Øpsams°bmWv Ah¿

aetbmctaJebnse P\ßsf Cf°nhn´Xv. ]´bØns‚bpw a‰pw ]ivvv\߃ CXnt\m

Sv Iq´nt®¿Øp. XpS¿∂v tIcfw I≠Xv cmjvSob ]m¿´nIfpsS HØmitbmsSbp≈

J\\ ˛ ]mdaS ˛ dntkm¿´v ˛ `qam^nbIfpsS Agn™m´ambncp∂p. HSphn¬

BbncØne[nIw G°¿ h\w Xobn´p \in∏n®Xn¬ hsc FØn\n¬°p∂p Cu

kmaqlyhncp≤ ]h¿Ø\w. tIcfØnse a‰v ]tZißfnse P\߃ aqew hwi\miw

t\cnSp∂hcmbn aetbmc P\߃ hymJym\n°s∏´p! bYm¿∞Øn¬ ]›naL´sØ

kwc£°p∂ns√¶nemWv Ah¿ hwi\miw t\cnSm≥ t]mIp∂Xv F∂ kXyamWv

CXneqsS ad®ph°s∏´Xv. I¿jI¿s°Xncmbn H∂pw ]dbp∂ns√∂v amXa√

sa®s∏´Xpw imkvXobhpw ]cnÿnXn kulm¿±]chpamb Irjn°pth≠n

]dbp∂Xpamb KmUvKn¬ dnt∏m¿´v, I¿jIsc \in∏n°m≥ e£yw h®p≈XmWv F∂v

]Ncn∏n®psIm≠v ChnSpsØ cmjvSob ]m¿´nIfpw Ah¿ t]m‰n hf¿Øp∂ am^nbIfpw

aetbmcI¿jIscbpw P\ßsfbpw h©n°pIbmbncp∂p. Bbnc°W°n\v G°¿ qan

A\[nIrXambn ssIhiw h®ncn°p∂h¿s°Xnsc Hc£cw t]mepw ]dbmØ Nne

sshZnI¿ IqSn aetbmc P\ßfpsS c£Icmbn cwKØp h∂tXmsS, Hcp hn`mKw

aetbmc P\Xsb sX‰n≤cn∏n®psIm≠msW¶nepw, KmUvKn¬ dnt∏m¿´ns\Xnsc

cwKØpsIm≠phcm≥ Ah¿°p Ign™p. ]›naL´ kwcIjWw a\pjyhntcm[nIfmb

Ipsd ]cnÿnXnhmZnIfpsS ]iv\amsW∂pw CXn\mbn h≥tXmXn¬ hntZi^≠v

\¬Is∏Sp∂psh∂pw Ah¿ ]Ncn∏n®p. KmUvKn¬ dnt∏m¿´v P\߃ N¿®

sNøp∂Xns\ Ah¿ A£cm¿∞Øn¬ `bs∏Sp∂p; AXpsIm≠v Xs∂ Cu dnt∏m¿´v

P\߃°p apºmsI N¿®bv°v hcmXncn°m\mWv Ah¿ e£yan´Xpw.

Cu kµ¿`ØnemWv KmUvKn¬ dnt∏m¿´ns\ N¿®bv°p hbv°msX Xs∂

tIcfØns‚ ‘kmlNcy߃°nWßp∂’ ]pXnsbmcp dnt∏m¿´ns‚ Bhiyhpambn

k¿°m¿ cwKØph∂Xv. XpS¿∂v am^nbIfpsS Xmev]cyßsf IqSn kwc£n°p∂

XcØn¬ IkvXqcn cwK≥ dnt∏m¿ v Xømdm°s∏´p. AXnepw, ]mcnÿnXnI Aht_m[w

]Xn^en°p∂ Aßnßmbns´¶nepw \SØnbn´p≈ \nco£Wßsf t]mepw \o°w

sNøWsa∂ Bhiyhpambn´mWv I£n cmjvSob ]m¿´nIfpsS ap≥Iøn¬ am^nbIƒ

cwKØp h∂n´p≈Xv. KmUvKn¬ dnt∏m¿´v Xakv°cn°s∏SpIbpw IkvXqcn cwK≥

dnt∏m¿´ v N¿®bmhpIbpw sNbvXp. C°mcyØn¬ CSXp ˛ heXp

hyXymksam∂pap≠mbncp∂n√. ]›naL´sØ ap®qSpw \in∏n°m≥ Ah¿ F∂pw

Hcpan®p Xs∂bmWv F∂v ho≠pw sXfnbn®p. CXns‚ XpS¿®bmbmWv ]q¿Æambpw

am^nbIƒ°pth≠nbp≈, cmjvSob ]m¿´nIƒ ]n¥pW \evInb, DΩ≥ IΩn‰n

dnt∏m¿´p≠mhp∂Xv. ]›naL´Ønse F∂p amXa√, tIcfØnse samØw

P\߃°psaXnscbpw am^nbIfpw cmjvSob ]m¿´nIfpw tN¿∂v Xømdm°nb

dnt∏m¿´mWv AXv. ioam≥ DΩ≥ hn DΩ≥ AXv AhXcn∏n®p F∂p amXw.

sXmÆqdpIƒ°p tijamWv ]IrXnsIm≈sb t]m’mln∏n°p∂ hnIk\

]≤XnIƒ cmPyØv hym]Iambn \S∏nem°nØpSßnbXv. AXphsc

s]mXpthbp≠mbncp∂ k¥penXamb kmaqly]ptcmKXnbpsS

k¶ev]ßsfsbms°bpw am‰n adn®v, ]m›mXycmPyßfpsS amXrIbnep≈ hnIk\

k¶ev]߃ P\ßfpsS ta¬ ASnt®ev]n°s∏SpIbmbncp∂p. PohPmeßfpsS

6

\ne\nev]n\mbn ]IrXn Hcp°nbncn°p∂ ImSpIfpw Ip∂pIfpw \ZnIfpsams° tIhew

NqjWØn\p≈ hn`hßfm°n am‰s∏´p. aqe[\i‡nIfpsS kzm[o\Øn¬s∏ v Ipsd

BfpIsf¶nepw Cu ]IrXnsIm≈bv°v Iq´p\nev°p∂hcmbn´p≠v. ImSpIfpw

Ip∂pIfpw kwc£n®v \ne\n¿Øn t]m∂ BZnhmknIsfbpw a‰pw, AhcpsS

BhmktaJebn¬ \n∂pw IpSnbnd°n Ahsc `qclnXcm°nbmWv tIcfØnse an°

Itø‰ßfpw \S∂ph∂Xpw C∂pw \S∂psIm≠ncn°p∂Xpw. Cu `qanbmWv C∂v

h≥InStXm´ßfpw dntkm¿´pIfpsams°bmbn amdnbn´p≈Xv. ]›naL´hpambn

_‘s∏´v `qanbpsS P\m[n]Xy]camb hnXcWØns‚ ]iv\hpw Db¿∂p hcp∂Xpw

AXpsIm≠mWv.

Npcp°Øn¬, \ΩpsS apºn¬ aq∂p dnt∏m¿´pIfmWv C∂p≈Xv. ]›naL´Øns‚

kwc£WØn\pw ]p\:cp÷oh\Øn\pw th≠n, AhnsS hkn°p∂ a\pjy\pw a‰v

PohPme߃°pw th≠n, XnI®pw imkvXobambn Xømdm°s∏´ KmUvKn¬ IΩn‰n

dnt∏m¿ v; AXn¬ sh≈w tN¿Øv, ]IrXn sIm≈ \SØp∂ am^nbIfpsSbpw Ah¿°v

hnSp]Wn sNøp∂ cm„ob ]m¿´nIfpsSbpw Xmev]cym¿∞w Xømdm°s∏´

IkvXqcncwK≥ dnt∏m¿´v; IkvXqcn cwK≥ dnt∏m¿´nepw Ahtijn°p∂ ]mcnÿnXnI

\nco£WßsfIqSn Hgnhm°n, ]›naL´Øns‚ sIm≈sb \n¿∫m[w XpScm≥

am^nbIƒ°v Ahkcsamcp°p∂ DΩ≥ dnt∏m¿´.v C\n \mw Xocpam\n°Ww CXn¬

GXp dnt∏m¿´v kzoIcn°Wsa∂Xv.

\ΩpsS \ne\nev] v BKln°p∂psh¶n¬, tIcfØn¬ a\pjy¿°v

Pohn°Wsa∂mKlaps≠¶n¬, \ap°v ASnÿm\am°mhp∂ dnt∏m¿´v KmUvKn¬

dnt∏m¿ v Xs∂bmWv sshInbmsW¶nepw P\߃ CXv Xncn®dn™v XpSßnbncn°p∂p.

hnIk\Øns‚ ImcyØn¬ P\߃°v P\m[n]Xy AhImiw Dd∏v hcpØp∂p

F∂XmWv AXns‚ khntijX. P\߃°v th≠Xv \S∏nem°m\pw Ah¿°v

th≠mØXv \S∏nem°mXncn°m\pap≈ AhImiamWXv. AØcØnep≈ Cu

dnt∏m¿´ns\ P\ka£w N¿® sNøpIbpw P\߃°v t_m[yw hcp∂Xns‚

ASnÿm\Øn¬ dnt∏m¿´n¬ th≠ am‰ßƒ hcpØpIbpw thWw. I¿jI¿°pw a‰v

aetbmc P\߃°pap≈ Bi¶Iƒ Xpd∂ N¿®bv°v hnt[bam°Ww. P\ßsf

dnt∏m¿´ns‚ N¿®bn¬ kPoh ]¶mfnIfm°ns°m≠p≈ Xpd∂ kwhmZßfp≠mhWw.

]›naL´ kwc£Ww tIhew aetbmc taJebpsS amXw ]iv\as√∂pw

CS\mSns‚bpw Xoc]tZiØns‚bpw \ne\nev]pIqSn Dƒt®¿∂ Hcp kaK ]mcnÿnXnI

kwc£WØns‚ ]iv\amWv AXv F∂pIqSn Xncn®dnbWw. CXns‚sb√mw

ASnÿm\Øn¬ ]mtbmKnIambpw \S∏nem°mhp∂ Hcp dnt∏m¿´m°n KmUvKn¬

dnt∏m¿´ns\ am‰Ww.

AtXmsSm∏w Xs∂ tIcfØns‚ kaK]ptcmKXn°mbpff

ImgvN∏mSpIsf∏‰nbpw kwhmZ߃ sI´gn®p hnSp∂p. C∂v \S∏nem°ns°m≠ncn°p∂

hnIk\w ]›naL´sØ F∂pamXa√, e`qbnjvSamb Irjn`qantbbpw \ZnItfbpw

XÆo¿ØSßsfbpsams° Fs∂t∂°pambn \in∏n°p∂ XcØnep≈XmWv.

\n¿ΩmW taJesbNp‰n∏‰nbmWv \ΩpsS \mSns‚ hnIk\ k¶ev]߃ C∂v

\ne\n¬°p∂Xv. Cu taJebnse km[yXIsf apXseSpØp sIm≠mWv F√mØcw

7

am^nbIfpw AhcpsS cmjvSob Iq´psI´pIfpw hnIkn®n´p≈Xv. aW¬ am^nb, Izmdn

am^nb, `qam^nb, h\w am^nbm........! tIcfØnse hoSp\n¿ΩmWw t]mepw XnI™

]IrXn hncp≤ ]h¿Ø\ambn amdnbn´p≠v. ]›naL´Ønse aeIfpw ImSpIfpw

\ZnIfpsams° \in∏n°s∏Sp∂Xv CS\m´nsebpw XoctZisØbpw hnIk\ambn amdp∂

XcØnemWv C∂v tIcfØn¬ C∂v G‰hpw IqSpX¬ sXmgn¬ e`n°p∂Xpw \n¿ΩmW

taJebnemWv F∂Xv Imcyßsf IqSpX¬ k¶o¿Wam°p∂p. Npcp°Øn¬ \n¿ΩmW

taJebn√msX tIcfØn\v \ne\nev°m\mImØ AhÿbmWv C∂p≈Xv. CXv

\ne\n¿Ømhp∂ XcØnep≈ Hcp hnIk\ Img vN∏mS√. tIcfØns‚

B`y¥chcpam\Øn¬ \n¿ÆmbI ]¶phln°p∂ \n¿ΩmW taJebv°pw hy‡amb

\nb¥W߃ G¿s∏SptØ≠Xp≠v. CXv km[yamIWsa¶n¬, kpÿncamb

kmaqly]ptcmKXnsb e£yw sh°p∂ XcØn¬, ]pXnb hnIk\ ImgvN∏mSp≠mhWw.

AXn¬ Irjn°p≈ ÿm\w \n¿ÆmbIamhWw. hyhkmbsØ Irjnsb

Akv]Zam°nbp≈Xpw B°Ww. CØcØn¬, tIcfØns‚ kpÿnchpw kaKhpamb

]ptcmKXn°mbp≈ Hcp ]pXnb hnIk\ ImgvN∏mSpw \ΩpsS ]h¿Ø\ØneqsS

apt∂m´p sht°≠Xp≠v.

F∂m¬, KmUvKn¬ dnt∏m¿´ns\ Hcp hn[Ønepw P\߃°nSbn¬ N¿®

sNøs∏SmXncn°m\mWv am^nbIfpw AhcpsS kwc£Icmb cmjvSob ]m¿´nIfpw

Hcp hn`mKw aXta[mhnIfpw ian®psIm≠ncn°p∂Xv. CØcsamcp kµ¿`ØnemWv

tIcfØns‚bpw aebmfnIfpsSbpw \ne\nev∏n¬ Bi¶bp≈hscsbms° HØpIqSn

]›naL´ kwc£W GtIm]\kanXn cq]oIcn®n´p≠v. GsX¶nepw Hcp cmjvSob

]m¿´nbpsStbm kwLS\bpsStbm Xm¬]cym¿∞a√ Cu GtIm]\kanXn

]h¿Øn°p∂Xv. XnI®pw imkvXobambn Xømdm°s∏´ KmUvKn¬ dnt∏m¿´ns\

ASnÿm\am°n, ]›naL´ kwc£WØn\p th≠n tIcfw F¥p sNøWw F∂p

Is≠Øp∂Xn\mbn P\߃°nSbn¬ dnt∏m¿´ns‚ N¿® km[yam°p∂Xn\pw

Ahiyamhp∂ t`ZKXnItfmsS dnt∏m¿´v \S∏nem°nsbSp°p∂Xn\pw e£yw

h®psIm≠mWvCu GtIm]\kanXn ]h¿Øn°pI. AXn\mbn, _‘s∏´ F√m

hnjbßfpw P\m[n]Xy]camb N¿®bv°p hnt[bam°nsIm≠v P\ßsf hym]Iambn

AWn\ncØphm\pw ]t£m`߃ kwLSn∏n°m\pw kanXn e£yanSp∂p.

8

]›naL´ kwc£W kanXnbpsSkwLS\mXXz߃

]›naL´ kwc£W GtIm]\ kanXn ]›naL´ kwc£Ww F∂

GIe£yØn¬ Du∂nb hnhn[ cmjvSob ]ÿm\ßfpsSbpw, ]m¿´nIfpsSbpw

kwLS\IfpsSbpw Kq∏pIfpsSbpw kanXnIfpsSbpw hy‡nIfpsSbpw hnimeamb

sFIythZnbmbn´mWv hn`mh\w sNbvXn´p≈Xv. ]›naL´ kwc£Ww F∂ e£ysØ

ap≥\n¿Øptºmƒ ]›naL´kwc£WsØ Ct∏mƒ \ninXamb cmjvSob

hniIe\߃°pw N¿®Iƒ°pw ImcWam°nb, \nehnep≈ Ahÿbn¬

]ptcmKa\]camb KmUvKn¬ IΩ‰n dnt∏m¿´ns\ ASnÿm\s∏SpØnb ]h¿Ø\amWv

GtIm]\kanXn apt∂m´v sh°p∂Xv.

KmUvKn¬ dnt∏m¿´ns\ ASnÿm\s∏SpØn ]›naL´ kwc£Ww F∂ e£yw

apt∂m´psh°ptºmƒ KmUvKn¬ IΩ‰n dnt∏m¿´ns‚ A¥:kØ°v A\ptbmPyamb

kwLmS\ambncn°Ww GtIm]\kanXnbptSXv. ]cnÿnXn tIµnXamb hnIk\w

XpS¿®bmbp≈ P\m[n]Xyw `cWIqS ]h¿Ø\ßfn¬ P\Iob ]¶mfnØw

F∂nhbmWv KmUvKn¬ IΩ‰n dnt∏m¿´ns‚ XmXznIamb ASnØdsb∂v GtIm]\kanXn

hnebncpØp∂p. Cu ASnØdbn¬ Du∂n \n∂psIm≠v GtIm]\kanXn

sI´∏Sp°phm\pw ]h¿Ø\߃ kwLSn∏n°m\pw \mw ]Xn⁄m_≤cmWv.

Xocpam\߃ FSp°p∂Xnepw \S∏nem°p∂Xnepw Xo¿Øpw P\m[n]Xy]camb

coXnIfpw kao]\ßfpambncn°pw kanXn kzoIcn°pI. kwÿm\XeØnepw

Pn√mXeØnepw F√mw Xs∂ Xo¿Øpw P\m[n]Xy]camb Cu

kao]\Ønembncn°Ww kanXn sI´n∏Sp°m≥.

]›naL´kwc£WØn\mbn ]camh[n cmjvSob ]ÿm\ßsf, ]m¿´nIsf,

kwLS\Isf, Kq∏pIsf, kanXnIsf, hy‡nIsf sFIys∏SpØpI F∂ \ne]mSmWv

GtIm]\kanXnbptSXv. F∂m¬ Cu sFIys∏S¬ Xo¿Øpw AhkchmZ]cambtXm,

Xev°menI cmjvSob t\´Øntem ASnÿm\s∏SpØnbX√. adn®v

]›naL´kwc£Wsa∂ XXzm[njvTnX \ne]mSn¬ Du∂nbp≈XmWv. \nehn¬

kanXnbn¬ AwKßfmbn´p≈hcpw C\n kanXnbpambn sFIys∏´v

]h¿Øn°p∂hcpamb hnhn[ cmjvSob ]ÿm\߃, kwLS\Iƒ, ]m¿´nIƒ,

Kq∏pIƒ, kanXnIƒ F∂nhsb√mw Xs∂ ]›naL´ kwc£WsØ°pdn®pw,

KmUvKn¬ dnt∏m¿´ns\°pdn®pw, GtIm]\kanXnbpambp≈ sFIys∏Sens\

°pdn®pap≈ ]tab߃ Xømdm°pIbpw AXXv kwLS\IfpsS ]m¿´nIfpsS,

kanXnIfpsS, Kq∏pIfpsS AIØv Ignbp∂X P\m[n]Xy]camb N¿®Iƒ

kwLSn∏n®v sIm≠v AwKoIcn°Wsa∂v kanXn A`y¿∞n°p∂p. CXv ]ckv]cap≈

cmjvSob [mcWIƒs°m∏w, AXmXv kwLS\Iƒ°IØpw, ]›naL´

kwc£WsØ°pdn®pw KmUvKn¬ dnt∏m¿´ns\°pdn®pw. GtIm]\kanXnbpambp≈

9

sFIysØ°pdn®pw hn]peamb cmjvSob[mcWIƒ cq]s∏Sm≥ klmbIamIpIbpw

kanXnbpsS ]h¿Ø\߃°v apX¬°q´mIpIbpw sNøpw.

hyhÿm]nX cmjvSob ]m¿´nIfpambn´p≈ tbmPn® ]h¿Ø\w

tkm]m[nIamWv. tIµXeØn¬ Xs∂ KmUvKn¬ IΩn‰n dnt∏m¿´ns\

AwKoIcn°pIbpw, AXns\ ASnÿm\s∏SpØn ]›naL´ kwc£Ww cmjvSobambn

Xocpam\n®n´p≈ hyhÿm]nX cmjvSob ]m¿´nIsf amXsa kanXnbn¬

AwKIfm°pItbm kanXnbpsS ]h¿Ø\ßfn¬ ]¶mfnIfm°pItbm sNøpIbp≈q.

AtX kabw B ]m¿´nIfn¬ AwKßfmb F∂m¬ t\Xr]ZhnIƒ H∂pw Xs∂

hln°mØ km[mcW°mcmb ]h¿ØI¿ ]›naL´ kwc£Ww, KmUvKn¬ IΩ‰n

dnt∏m¿ v XpSßnbhbn¬ AXmXv cmjvSob ]m¿´nIfn¬ \n∂pw hyXykvXamb \ne]mSv

kzoIcn®v kanXnbpambn tbmPn®v ]h¿Øn°m≥ Xømdmhp∂p≠v. Ahsc kanXnbpsS

]h¿Ø\ßfn¬ ]¶mfnIfm°m≥ GtIm]\kanXn XpS¿∂pw ian°p∂XmWv.

KmUvKn¬ IΩ‰n dnt∏m¿´ns\ ASnÿm\s∏SpØn ]›naL´kwc£Ww F∂

e£yØn¬ sFIys∏Sp∂ F√m cmjvSob ]ÿm\ßfpw ]m¿´nIfpw kwLS\Ifpw

Kq∏pIfpw kanXnIfpw hy‡nIfpw ASßnb hnimeamb sFIythZnbmWv ]›naL´

kwc£W GtIm]\kanXn. hnhn[ cmjvSob kwLmS\IfpsSbpw a‰pw ]¶mfnØw

Iq´mbvabpsS Cu sshhn[y]q¿Æamb kwLmS\Øns‚ A¥:kØ°v tbmPn®

coXnbnembncn°Ww. \nehn¬ GtIm]\kanXnbn¬ AwKßfmbn´p≈ cmjvSob

]m¿´nIƒ°pw AhbpsS h¿§ _lpP\ kwLS\Iƒ°pw IqSn ]camh[n c≠v

AwKßsf kanXnbpsS ]h¿Ø\߃°mbn \ntbmKn°mw. Cu

cmjvSob]m¿´nIfpsSbpw AhbpsS h¿§ _lpP\kwLS\IfpsSbpw ]mXn\n[yw Cu

c≠v AwKßfn¬ \nPs∏SptØ≠Xp≠v. kanXnbpsS ]h¿Ø\߃ ]camh[n

P\m[n]Xy]camhm\pw, hnimeamb sFIythZnsb∂ kanXnbpsS AkvXnXzhpw,

Iq´mbva kz`mhhpw \ne\n¿Øm\pw GsX¶nepw cmjvSob ]m¿´nIfpsS I£n cmjvSob

Xm¬]cy߃°v kanXnbn¬ ap≥Xq°w e`n°mXncn°p∂Xn\pw AXy¥mt]£nXamWv

Cu \S]Sn. AtX kabw kanXnbnse AwKßsf∂ \nebn¬ XßfpsS cmjvSob

Bibßsf ap≥\n¿Øn kanXntbmKßfnepw ]h¿Ø\ßfnepw P\m[n]Xy]cambpw

kwhmZmflIambpw CSs]Sm\pw AXneqsS kanXnsb Hcp icnbmb cmjvSob

Znibnte°v Db¿Øm\pw F√m AwK߃°pw kzmX¥yap≠mbncn°p∂XpamWv.

]cnÿnXn ]iv\߃ Db¿Øns°m≠v \nch[n P\Iob kac߃ \ΩpsS \m´n¬

\S∂phcp∂p≠v. CØcw kacßtfmSv GtIm]\kanXn sFIys∏SpIbpw, \ncp]m[nI

]n¥pW \¬IpIbpw sNøp∂p. CØcw kacßsf AhbpsS AkvXnXzhpw,

kzX¥kz`mhhpw \ne\n¿Øns°m≠pw kacßsf°pdn®v Xocpam\saSp°m\p≈

P\Iob kackanXnIfpsS AhImiØn\v wKw hcmØ XcØnembncn°Ww GtIm]\

kanXnbpsS ]n¥pW. GtIm]\ kanXnbn¬ AwKßfmbh¿ t\XrXzw \¬Ip∂

kacßfpsS GtIm]\ kanXnbnse ]¶mfnØhpw ]mXn\n[yhpw AXmXv cmjvSob

]m¿´nIfpw, kwLS\Ifpw Kq∏pIfpw, hy‡nIfpw apJm¥ncambncn°pw. cmjvSob

10

]m¿´nIfpsSbpw Ah t\XrXzw \¬Ip∂ h¿§ _lpP\kwLS\IfpsSbpw P\Iob

kacßfpsSbpw ]mXn\n[yw t\csØ ]d™ c≠v AwKßfneqsSbmbncn°Ww.

BZnhmknIfpw ZfnXcpw kaqlØnse G‰hpw ]nt∂m° hn`mKßsf∂ \nebn¬

]›naL´Øns‚ ]cnÿnXn hn\miØns‚ G‰hpw ASpØ CcIfmWv. AXpsIm≠v

Xs∂ AhcpsS kmaqly\oXn°pw `qan°pw, cmjvSob kmºØnI ˛

kmaqlymhImi߃°pth≠nbp≈ AhImi t]mcm´ßsf ]tXyIn®pw

GtIm]\kanXn ]n¥pWbv°pIbpw sFIys∏SpIbpw sNøp∂p. AtXmsSm∏w B

hn`mKßfpsS ]mXn\n[yhpw ]¶mfnØhpw GtIm]\kanXnbn¬ Dd∏phcpØm≥ th≠n

]cnian°pIbpw sNøp∂Xmbncn°pw.

]›naL´ kwc£WØn\pth≠n GtIm]\kanXn N¿® sNbvXp

Xocpam\n°p∂ F√m ]cn]mSnIfpw \S∏nem°m≥ AwK߃°v

DØchmZnØap≠mbncn°pw. hnhn[ XcØnepw XeØnepap≈ ]h¿Ø\߃

CXn\mbn BkqXWhpw sNtø≠Xp≠v. KmUvKn¬ IΩ‰n dnt∏m¿ v ASnÿm\s∏SpØn

]›naL´kwc£WØn\mbn N¿®Iƒ, kwhmZ߃, ]T\¢mpIƒ, inev]imeIƒ

F∂nh kwLSn∏n°pIbpw, P\ßsf AWn\ncØns°m≠v kac߃

kwLSn∏n°pIbpw sNøpI F∂XmWv GtIm]\kanXnbpsS ]h¿Ø\ ]≤Xn.

Zo¿LImemSnÿm\Øn¬ CØcw ]≤Xn apt∂m´v sh°ptºmƒ Xs∂ ]›naL´

kwc£WØn\v Ct∏mƒ ASnb¥nc `ojWnbmbn Xo¿∂n´p≈, bmsXmcp

XXzZo£bpan√msX \S°p∂ IzmdnbnwKns\ khntij ]iv\ambn A`nkwt_m[\

sNtø≠XmWv. Izmdn ]h¿Ø\߃ aqew ZpcnXa\p`hn°p∂ P\߃ \SØp∂

kacßsf ASnb¥nc ]m[m\ytØmsS ImWm\pw CØcw kacßsf ]›naL´

kwc£W ]h¿Ø\ßfpambn sFIys∏SpØm\pw DS\Sn ia߃ Bcw`nt°≠Xp≠v.

CØcw kacßsf ]›naL´ kwc£WØn\p≈ t\cn´p≈ kacßfm°n

hnIkn∏n°m≥ Ignbpw.

]NcW ˛ kac ˛ Iymºbn≥ ]h¿Ø\ßsf GtIm]n∏n°p∂Xn\pw

hnIkn∏n°p∂Xn\pw sI´pd∏p≈ Hcp Iq´mbva cq]oIcnt°≠Xp≠v. Xo¿Øpw

P\m[n]Xy]camb ASnØdbn¬ ]SpØpb¿Ønb Hcp Iq´mbvabv°v amXsa

CØcØn¬ `mcn® Hcp DØchmZnØw Gs‰Sp°m\pw \S∏n¬ hcpØm\pw Ignbpw.

Cu DØchmZnØw Gs‰Sp°m≥ Ignbpw hn[w GtIm]\kanXnsb hnIkn∏n°m≥

\ap°v Igntb≠Xp≠v. P\m[n]Xy]chpw, kwhmZmflIhpamb Hcp kao]\w

kzoIcn®psIm≠v amXta AwK߃ XΩnep≈ ]ckv]c hnizmkw

Du´nbpd∏n°p∂Xn\pw sFIyw \ne\n¿Øm\pw IgnbnIbp≈q. AXn\pth≠n

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