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ಸ ೌಂದರ್ಯಶಾಲೆ ಶೆೈಕ್ಷಣಿಕ ವರ್ಯ ೨೦೨೦-೨೦೨೧
ವಿರ್ರ್ : ಪ್ರಥಮ ಭಾಷೆ ಕನ್ನಡ
ತರಗತಿ ಕಾರ್ಯ : ಗದಯ ೧ - ಮಗಗದಸಾಹೆೇಬ
ತರಗತಿ : ಎೌಂಟು
ಶಿಕ್ಷಕರು : ರಮಯ.ಕೆ
Note:
Copy notes in 200 pages notebook. Assignment in 100 pages notebook
ಸೂಚನೆ :
ಕವಿ ಪರಿಚಯ , ಪದಗಳ ಅರ್ಥ , ಒಂದು ವಾಕಯದ ಪರಶ್ನೆಗಳು ವಾಯಕರಣ ಸಂಬಂಧಿತ ಪರಶ್ನೆಗಳುಭಾಷಾ ಅಭಾಯಸ
ಹಾಗೂ ಬಿಟ್ಟ ಸಥಳ ಎಲ್ಾಾ ಒಂದು ಅಂಕದ ಪರಶ್ನೆಗಳಿಗನ ಸವತಃ ನೀವನೀ ಉತತರಿಸಿ.
I. ಎರಡು/ಮೂರುವಾಕಯಗಳಲಿ್ಲ ಉತತರಿಸಿ .
೧.ಹುಸೆೇನ್ ಸಾಹೆೇಬರ ವಯಕ್ತತತವವನ್ುನ ವಿವರಿಸಿ.
ಉತ್ತರ: ಅಬ್ದುಲ್ ರಹೀಮನ ಪೂರ್ವಜರಾದ ಮಗ್ಗದ ಹದಸ ೀನ್ ಸಾಹ ೀಬ್ರದ ಜನಪ್ರಿಯ ಮತ್ದತ ಧನರ್ಂತ್
ರ್ಯಕ್ತತಯಾಗಿದುರದ ಅರ್ರದ ಮಸೀದಿ ಮಾತ್ಿರ್ಲ್ಲದ ದ ೀರ್ಸಾಾನರ್ನದು ಕಟ್ಟಿಸದುರದ. ಇದರಂದ ಸಾಹ ೀಬ್ರಲ್ಲಲಎಂತ್ಹ
ಘನತ ಸದಾಚಾರ ಹಾಗ್ೂ ಸದಾಾರ್ನ ಗ್ಳು ಎಂಬ್ದದದ ಎಲ್ಲರಗ್ೂ ತಿಳಿಯದತ್ತದ
೨.ಲೆೇಖಕರ ಹುಟೂೂರಿನ್ಲಿ್ಲ ಮುಸಿಿೌಂ ಧಾರ್ಮಯಕ ಉತಸವದ ಸೌಂಪ್ರದಾರ್ವೆೇನ್ು?
ಲ ೀಖಕರ ಹದಟ್ೂಿರನ ಪಕಕದಲ್ಲಲದು ಮದಸಲಾಾನರ ರ್ಸತಿಯಲ್ಲಲ ಒಂದದ ಪವಿತ್ಿ ಸಾಾನವಿದ ಅಲ್ಲಲ ಮಹಮಾದಿೀಯ
ಸಾಧದಗ್ಳ ಪುಣ್ಯ ತಿಥಿಮತ್ದತ ಅಂದದ ನಡ ಯದರ್ ಉತ್ಸರ್. ಉರ್ಸವ ಎಂಬ್ ಉತ್ಸರ್ ನಡ ಯದತ್ತದ ಆ ಉತ್ಸರ್ದಲ್ಲಲ
ಲ ೀಖಕರ ಮನ ತ್ನದ ಒಬ್ಬ ಪಿತಿನಿಧಿ ಇರಲ ೀಬ ೀಕ ಂಬ್ ಸಂಪಿದಾಯವಿತ್ದತ.
೩.ರ್ಮಠಾಯಿ ಕೊಟ್ಟೂದದಕೆೆ ಅತಿಥಿಗಳ ಆಕ್ೆೇಪ್ವೆೇನ್ು?
ಮಿಠಾಯಿ ಕ ೂಟ್ಿದುಕ ಕ ಅತಿಥಿಗ್ಳಿಗ ತ್ದಂಬಾ ಸಟ್ದಿ ಬ್ಂತ್ದ ಏಕ ಂದರ ಹಬ್ಬದ ತಿನಿಸನದು ಪಿಸಾದವ ಂದದ
ಪಡ ಯದರ್ುದದ ಅಲ್ಲಲನ ಸಂಪಿದಾಯವಾಗಿತ್ದತ ಆದರ ಲ ೀಖಕರ ಮನ ಯಲ್ಲಲ ಕಾಯಿಲ ಇದು ಕಾರಣ್ ಅಂದದ
ಅಂಗ್ಡಿಯ ತಿಂಡಿಯನದು ತ್ಂದದಕ ೂಟ್ಟಿದುರದ ಇದಕ ಕ ಕ ೂೀಪಗ ೂಂಡಅತಿಥಿಗ್ಳು ಈ ರೀತಿ ಹ ೀಳುತಾತರ ರಾಯರ ೀ
ಅಂಗ್ಡಿಯಿಂದ ತ ಗ ದದಕ ೂಳಳಲ್ದ ನಮಾಲ್ಲಲ ಹಣ್ವಿಲ್ಲವ ೀ ಮನ ಯಲ್ಲಲ ಕಾಯಿಲ ಇದುರ ಒಂದದ ತ್ದಂಡದ ಬ ಲ್ಲರ್ನದು
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ಸಕಕರ ಹರಳನದು ಕ ೂಡಿ ನಿಮಾ ಹಬ್ಬದ ಪೂಜ ಯ ಪಿಸಾದರ್ನದು ನಾರ್ು ತ ಗ ದದಕ ೂಳುಳರ್ುದದ
ತ್ಲ್ತ್ಲಾಂತ್ರದಿಂದ ಬ್ಂದ ಹಳ ಯ ಸಂಪಿದಾಯ ಅಂಗ್ಡಿಯ ಮಿಠಾಯಿಯನದು ಪಿಸಾದವ ಂದದ ಕ ೂಡದರ್ುದದ
ಸರಯೀ ಎಂದದ ಕ ೀಳಿಯೀ ಬಿಟ್ಟಿದುರದ .
೪.ಕರಿೇಮನಿಗೆ ಶಾಲೆರ್ಲ್ಲ ಿಮಗಗ ಕಲ್ಲತದದರಿೌಂದ ಆದ ಪ್ರಯೇಜನ್ವೆೇನ್ು ?
ಕರೀಮ್ ಶಾಲ ಯ ಮಗ್ಗದಲ್ಲಲ ತ್ನುದ ೀ ಬ್ದದಿಿರ್ಂತಿಕ ಮತ್ದತ ಕೌಶಲ್ಯದಿಂದ ಪರರ್ತ್ವನ ಯನದು ಮಾಡಿದನದ
ಅದನದು ಶಿಕ್ಷಕರಾದ ಶಂಕರಪಪನರ್ರದ ಸಾಾಭಾವಿಕವಾಗಿ ಪಿಶಂಸ ಮಾಡಿ ಮೀಲ್ಧಿಕಾರಗ್ಳಿಗ ರ್ರದಿ ಮಾಡಿದರದ
ಅದರ ಫಲ್ವಾಗಿ ಸಕಾವರದಿಂದ ಕರ ಮನ ಗ ಒಂದದ ಬ ಳಿಳ ಪದಕರ್ೂ ಹಾಗ್ೂ ಒಂದದ ನೂರದ ರೂಪಾಯಿ
ಬ್ಹದಮಾನರ್ೂ ಬ್ಂದಿದುರ್ು.
೫.ಶಾಲಾ ವಾರ್ಷಯಕೊೇತಸವದೌಂದು ಕರಿೇಮ್ ಮಾಡಿದ ಕೆಲಸವೆೇನ್ು?
ಒಂದದ ದಿನ ಶಾಲ ಯ ವಾರ್ಷವಕ ೂೀತ್ಸರ್ದ ಸಮಾರಂಭದಲ್ಲಲ ಹಳ ಯ ವಿದಾಯಥಿವಗ್ಳ ಒಂದದ ನಾಟ್ಕ ವಿತ್ದತ
ಅದರಲ್ಲಲ ಕರೀಮನದದ ಸರೀಪಾತ್ಿ ಅದಕ ಕಂದದ ತಾಯಿಯಿಂದ ಗೌಪಯವಾಗಿ ಹಳ ೀ ಕಾಲ್ದ ಚಿನುದ ಸರರ್ನದು
ಅಲ್ಂಕಾರಕ ಕಂದದ ಎರರ್ಲ್ದ ತ ಗ ದದಕ ೂಂಡ ನಾಟ್ಕ ಮದಗಿದ ನಂತ್ರ ಕರೀಮನದ ಮನ ಗ ಬ್ರದ ಎಲ ೂಲೀ
ಮಾಯವಾಗಿ ಹ ೂೀದನದ .
II. ನಾಲುೆ ಐದು ವಾಕಯಗಳಲಿ್ಲ ಉತತರಿಸಿ.
೧.ನ್ವಿೇನ್ ಶಿಕ್ಷಣದ ವೆೈಶಿರ್ೂಯಗಳ ೇೆನ್ು ?
ಮಹಾತಾಾ ಗಾಂಧಿೀಜಿಯರ್ರ ಪ ಿೀರಣ ಯಿಂದ ಕ ಲ್ರ್ು ಶಾಲ ಗ್ಳಲ್ಲಲ ನವಿೀನ ಶಿಕ್ಷಣ್ ಪಾಿರಂಭವಾಯಿತ್ದ ಈ ಶಿಕ್ಷಣ್
ರ್ಯರ್ಸ ಾಯಲ್ಲಲ ವಿದಾಯಥಿವಗ್ಳಿಗ ಹಲ್ರ್ು ತ್ರಹದ ಔದ ೂಯೀಗಿಕ ಶಿಕ್ಷಣ್ರ್ನದು ಕ ೂಡದರ್ುದದ ಅರ್ರಲ್ಲಲ ಹಸತ ಕೌಶಲ್ಯರ್ನದು
ದ ೀಹ ಶಿಮದಲ್ಲಲ ಗೌರರ್ ಭಾರ್ರ್ನದು ಉಂಟ್ದ ಮಾಡದರ್ುದದ ಒಂದದ ಭಾಗ್ವಾಯಿತ್ದ ಕ ಲ್ರ್ರಗ ಬ್ಡಗಿಯ ಕ ಲ್ಸ
ಕ ಲ್ರ್ರಗ ಬ ತ್ತದ ಕದಚಿವ ಕ ಲ್ಸ ಇತಾಯದಿ ಸಾಮಗಿಿಗ್ಳನದು ಮಾಡದರ್ ಕ ಲ್ಸ ಕ ಲ್ರ್ರಗ ಕೃರ್ಷ ಕ ಲ್ರ್ರಗ ಮಗ್ಗದ
ಕ ಲ್ಸರ್ನದು ಕಲ್ಲಸದರ್ುದದ ನವಿೀನ ಶಿಕ್ಷಣ್ದ ವ ೈಶಿಷ್ಟಿಯವಾಗಿತ್ದತ .
೨.ಶೌಂಕರಪ್ಪ ಅವರು ರಹೇಮನ್ ಬಳಿಗೆ ಸೌಂಧಾನ್ಕಾೆಗಿ ಬೌಂದ ಪ್ರಸೌಂಗವನ್ುನ ತಿಳಿಸಿ
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ಮನ ಯಿಂದ ಚಿನುದ ಸರರ್ನದು ಕದ ೂುಯಿುದು ಕರೀಮ ಹಲ್ರ್ು ರ್ಷ್ಟವಗ್ಳ ನಂತ್ರ ಊರಗ ಬ್ಂದದ ತ್ನು ಶಿಕ್ಷಕರಾದ
ಶಂಕರಪಪನರ್ರ ಬ್ಳಿ ಹ ೂೀಗಿ ನನಗ್ೂ ಹಾಗ್ೂ ನನು ತ್ಂದ ಗ್ೂ ಸಂಧಾನ ಮಾಡಿಸರ ಎಂದದ ಬ ೀಡಿಕ ೂಂಡನದ.
ಶಿಷ್ಟಯನ ಮಾತ್ದಗ್ಳನದು ಕ ೀಳಿ ಶಂಕರಪಪನರ್ರದ ಕರೀಮನ ತ್ಂದ ಅಬ್ದುಲ್ ರಹೀಮನ ೂಡನ ಸದಮಾರದ ಒಂದದ
ಗ್ಂಟ ಗ್ಳ ಕಾಲ್ ಗ ೂೀಗ್ರ ದರೂ, ನಿವ ೀದಿಸದರದ,ತ್ಕ್ತವಸದರದ, ಚಚಿವಸದರದ ಆದರ ಸಂಧಾನರ್ು
ವಿಫಲ್ವಾಯಿತ್ದ. ರಹೀಮ ಯಾರ್ ಮಾತ್ನೂು ಕ ೀಳುರ್ ಸಾತಿಯಲ್ಲಲ ಇರಲ್ಲಲ್ಲ . ಕರೀಮನದ ತ್ಂದಿದು ಚಿನುದ ಸರ
ಮತ್ದತ ಹತ್ದತ ಸಾವಿರ ರೂಪಾಯಿಗ್ಳನದು ವಾಪಸದಸ ತ ಗ ದದಕ ೂಂಡದ ಹಂದಿರದಗಿದನದ.
III. ಎೌಂಟು ಹತುತ ವಾಕಯಗಳಲಿ್ಲ ಉತತರಿಸಿ.
೧. ಕರಿೇಮನ್ು ಧನ್ವೌಂತನಾದ ಬಗೆ ಹೆೇಗೆ ವಿವರಿಸಿ.
ಮಗ್ಗದ ಸಾಹ ೀಬ್ನ ಂದ ೀಹ ಸರಾದ ಅಬ್ದುಲ್ ರಹೀಮನ ಮಗ್ ಕರೀಮ್ ಮಗ್ಗದಲ್ಲಲ ಬ್ಹಳ ಆಸಕ್ತತ ಹ ೂಂದಿದದು
ಇದರಂದ ಕ ೂೀಪಗ ೂಂಡ ಆತ್ನ ತ್ಂದ ಆತ್ನನದು ಶಾಲ ಯಿಂದಲ ೀ ಬಿಡಿಸದುರದ. ಇದರಂದ ಬ ೀಸರವಾದ
ಕರೀಮನದಮನ ಬಿಟ್ದಿ ಹ ೂೀದ ನಂತ್ರ ಕರೀಮನದ ಸಣ್ಣ ಪಾಿಯದಲ ಲೀ ಮಗ್ಗದ ಸಹಕಾರ ಸಂಘವಂದನದು
ಸಾಾಪ್ರಸ ಅದರ ಅಧಯಕ್ಷನಾದ ಕರೀಮನಿಗ ಮಗ್ಗದ ಕ ಲ್ಸದಲ್ಲಲ ಸಾಕಷ್ಟದಿ ಆಸಕ್ತತ ಇದಿುದುರಂದ ಸಾಕಷ್ಟದಿಯಶಸಾಯೂ
ಧನರ್ಂತ್ನದ ಆದನದ. ಅಲ್ಲದ ಮಗ್ಗದ ಯಂತ್ಿದ ಪಿಯೀಗ್ದಲ್ಲಲ ಹ ೂಸ ಹ ೂಸ ಸದಧಾರಣ ಗ್ಳನದು ತ್ಂದದ
ಪರರ್ತ್ವನ ಗ್ಳನದು ಮಾಡಿದದು ಇದಕಾಕಗಿ ಕರೀಮನಿಗ ರಾಷ್ಟರಪತಿಯರ್ರಂದ ಪದಾಭೂಷ್ಟಣ್ ಪಿಶಸತಯೂ
ಲ್ಭಿಸತ್ದತ ಹೀಗ ಕರ ಮಾತ್ನದು ಸಾಂತ್ ಪರಶಿಮದಿಂದ ಧನರ್ಂತ್ನಾದನದ.
೨.ರಹೇಮನಿಗೆ ಮಗಗದ ಬಗೆಗ ದೆವೇರ್ ಉೌಂಟಾಗಲು ಕಾರಣವೆೇನ್ು?
ರಹೀಮನಿಗ ಮಗ್ಗದ ಸಾಹ ೀಬ್ ಎಂದರ ಬ್ಹಳ ಸಟ್ದಿ ಬ್ರದತಿತತ್ದತ ಏಕ ಂದರ ಅರ್ರ ಅಜಜನ ಕಾಲ್ದಲ್ಲಲ ಬಿಿಟ್ಟಷ್ಟರದ
ಅಗ್ಗದ ವಿಲಾಯತಿ ಮಿಲ್ಲಲನ ಬ್ಟ ಿಗ್ಳನದು ನಮಾ ದ ೀಶದಲ್ಲಲ ಹ ೀರಬಿಟ್ಿರದ. ಅವ ೀನದ ನಿಜಕೂಕ ನಿಕೃಷ್ಟಿ ರ್ಸದತಗ್ಳು
ಒಂದದ ರ್ಷ್ಟವದ ೂಳಗ ಕಳ ೀಬ್ರಗ್ಳಾಗಿ ಹರಕದ ಚಿಂದಿಯಾಗ್ದರ್ರ್ು.ಅರ್ುಗ್ಳ ಬ್ಣ್ಣರ್ೂ ಒಂದ ೀ
ತಿಂಗ್ಳಲ್ಲಲವಿರ್ಣ್ವವಾಗಿ ಎರಡ ೀ ತಿಂಗ್ಳಲ್ಲಲ ಮಾಯವಾಗ್ದರ್ರ್ು ಆದರ ೀನದ ಬ್ಹದ ಅಗ್ಗ ಜನರಗ ಬ ೀಕಾದದದದ
ಅಗ್ಗದ ರ್ಸದತಗ್ಳು,ಗ್ದಣ್ರ್ನದು ಯಾರದ ಕ ೀಳುತಾತರ ? ಅಗ್ಗದ ರ್ಸದತಗ್ಳದ ುೀ ಆಧಿಪತ್ಯವಾಯಿತ್ದ ಮಗ್ಗದರ್ರದ
ಭಿಕಾರಗ್ಳಾದರದ ಅರ್ರ ಅನುಕ ಕ ಸಂಚಕಾರ ಉಂಟಾಯಿತ್ದ ಇದರಂದ ರಹೀಮನಿಗ ಮಗ್ಗದ ಮೀಲ ದ ಾೀಷ್ಟ
ಉಂಟಾಯಿತ್ದ .
lV. ಸೌಂದರ್ಯ ಸಹತ ಸಾವರಸಯವನ್ುನ ಬರೆಯಿರಿ.
೧. ಅಗಗವಲಿ ಕೊರಳಿಗೆ ಹಗಗ
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ಈ ವಾಕಯರ್ನದು ಬಾಗ್ಲ ೂೀಡಿ ದ ೀರ್ರಾಯ ಅರ್ರ ಸಮಗ್ಿ ಕಥ ಗ್ಳು ಕಥಾ ಸಂಕಲ್ನದಿಂದ ಆಯದು ಮಗ್ಗದ
ಸಾಹ ೀಬ್ ಗ್ದಯದಿಂದ ಆರಸಕ ೂಳಳಲಾಗಿದ .
ಈ ಮಾತ್ನದು ಮಗ್ಗದ ಸಾಹ ೀಬ್ರ ಂದ ೀ ಹ ಸರಾದ ಅಬ್ದುಲ್ ರಹೀಂ ಹ ೀಳಿದಾುನ . ಜನರ ಲ್ಲ ರಹೀಮನನದು ಮಗ್ಗದ
ಸಾಹ ೀಬ್ ಎಂದದ ಕರ ಯದತಿತದುರದ. ಆದರ ರಹೀಂನಿಗ ಮಗ್ಗದ ಬ್ಗ ಗ ದ ಾೀಷ್ಟ ಇದು ಕಾರಣ್ ಆ ಮಾತ್ದ ಕ ೀಳಿದಾಗ್
ಬ್ಹಳ ಸಟ್ದಿ ಬ್ರದತಿತತ್ದತ. ಆ ಕ್ಷಣ್ದಲ್ಲಲ ರಹೀಮನದಕ ೂೀಪದಿಂದ ಜನರಗ ಅನಿಷ್ಟಿ ಮಗ್ಗದ ಹ ಸರ ತ್ತಬ ೀಡಿ
ಮಗ್ಗರ್ಲ್ಲಕ ೂರಳಿಗ ಹಗ್ಗ ಎಂದದ ರ ೂೀಷ್ಟದಿಂದ ಹ ೀಳುತಿತದುನದ.
೨.ಕಳಳನಾದವನ್ು ಮನೆ ಬಿಟುೂ ಓಡಿ ಹೊೇದವನ್ು ಮಗನೆೇ ಅಲಿ.
ಈ ಮಾತ್ನದು ರಹೀಮನ ಹ ೀಳಿದನದ ಶಾಲ ಯ ವಾರ್ಷವಕ ೂೀತ್ಸರ್ದಂದದ ಕರೀಮನದ ತ್ನು ತಾಯಿಯಿಂದ
ಅಲ್ಂಕಾರಕ ಕಂದದಪಡ ದ ಚಿನುದ ಸರರ್ನದು ತ ಗ ದದಕ ೂಂಡದಹ ೂೀದರ್ನದ ಪುನಃ ಹಂದಿರದಗಿ ಬ್ರಲ ೀ ಇಲ್ಲ ಈ
ವಿಷ್ಟಯ ತಿಳಿದ ರಹೀಮನ ಕ ೂೀಪದಿಂದ ಮಗ್ನನದು ಶಪ್ರಸದತಾತ ಈ ಮೀಲ್ಲನಂತ ಹ ೀಳುತಾತನ .
೩.ನಿಮಮ ಹಳೆರ್ ಶಿರ್ಯನಿಗೆ ಇದೊೌಂದು ಉಪ್ಕಾರ ಮಾಡಿ
ಈ ಮಾತ್ನದು ಕರೀಮನದ ತ್ನು ಗ್ದರದಗ್ಳಾದ ಶಂಕರಪಪನರ್ರ ಬ್ಳಿ ಕ ೀಳಿದನದ ಮಗ್ಗದ ಮೀಲ್ಲನ ಪ್ರಿೀತಿಯಿಂದ
ಮನ ಬಿಟ್ದಿ ಓಡಿ ಹ ೂೀದ ಕರೀಮನದಕ ಲ್ರ್ು ರ್ಷ್ಟವಗ್ಳ ನಂತ್ರ ಮನ ಗ ಬ್ಂದಾಗ್ ಆತ್ನ ತ್ಂದ ಮನ ಗ
ಸ ೀರಸಲ್ಲಲ್ಲ ಆಗ್ ಕರೀಮನದ ತ್ನು ಗ್ದರದಗ್ಳಾದ ಶಂಕರಪಪನರ್ರ ಬ್ಳಿ ಹ ೂೀಗಿ ಸಂಧಾನ ಮಾಡಿಸರ ಎಂದದ
ಕ ೀಳುರ್ ಸಂದಭವದಲ್ಲಲ ಈ ಮಾತ್ದ ಬ್ಂದಿದ .
೪.ದೆೇವರು ದೊಡಡವನ್ು ದೆೇವರು ದಯಾಳು
ಈ ಮಾತ್ನದು ಮಗ್ಗದ ಸಾಹ ೀಬ್ನಾದ ರಹೀಮನದ ಹ ೀಳಿದಾುನ ಕರೀಮನಿಗ ಪದಾಭೂಷ್ಟಣ್ ಪಿಶಸತಯನದು
ರಾಷ್ಟರಪತಿಗ್ಳು ನಿೀಡಿರದರ್ ವಿಷ್ಟಯರ್ನದು ವಾತಾವ ಪತಿಿಕ ಯ ಮೂಲ್ಕ ನ ೂೀಡಿದ ಶಂಕರಪಪನರ್ರದ ರಹೀಮನ
ಮನ ಗ ಬ್ಂದದ ತಿಳಿಸದಾಗ್ ಕರೀಂ! ನನು ಕರೀಂ! ಸಾಹ ೀಬ್ ಬ್ಹಾದೂುಗಿವಂತ್ಲ್ೂ ಮೀಲಾದನ ಎಂದದ
ಹ ೂಗ್ಳುರ್ ಸಂದಭವದಲ್ಲಲ ಈ ಮೀಲ್ಲನಂತ ಹ ೀಳುತಾತನ .
Download your textbook from www.ktbs.kar.nic.in
http://www.ktbs.kar.nic.in/
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Soundarya School Academic year 2020-21
I Language - English
Chapter 1: The Heavenly Parasol
Class: VIII
Teacher’s name: Mrs. Mahadevamma
Instructions:
Books to be maintaind
1) King size 200 pages-(1) for class work
2) King size 200 pages (1) for home work
3) King size 100 pages(1) for UT
4) King size 100 pages(1) for Grammar
5) King size 100 pages unruled(1)for activity.
Students please note that your class work must be updated regularly. Start each lesson with the date name of the lesson and the lesson number. First write the glossary then continue the question and answers All the new type questions must be written along with the answers Closure lines must be drawn after each question and answer
COMPREHENSION:
A. ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS:
1) Amritaprabha was the beautiful Princess of Pragjyotisha
2) When Amruthaprabha came of age, her father held a swayam varato
enable her to choose her husband.
3) Meghavahana was the great grandson of a former king of Kashmir.
4) As the couple moved forward to seek the King’s blessings, the priest of
the court cried out in surprise that the Parasol of Varuna had cast its
shadow over the Prince.
5) The Parasol belonged to Varuna, The Lord of the Seas.
It was a beautiful, dazzling white parasol with exquisite decorations.It
castits shadow on none else but a sovereign of the whole world. The person
was destined for glory and brilliance. The parasol had the powers to quell
the calamities in the land.
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6) Meghavahana returned to Kashmir with his bride and the divine
Parasol. Upon his return the ministers of Kashmir sought him out and
offered the throne to him. They told him that they were dissatisfied with
their present ruler as he had devoted himself to a life of prayer and had
neglected the affairs of the kingdom. The people of the kingdom were
suffering because of this. Hence they wanted Meghavahana who was brave
and noble to be their king.
7) When Meghavahana became the king of Kashmir he proclaimed the law
against killing of living beings.
8) The island of Lanka was a land of demons and they had to be taught the
ways of peace. Hence he wanted to conquer Lanka.
9) When Meghavahana ran towards the woods he came to a clearing.
Before him was a temple of Chandika.
Some sought of human sacrifice was in progress on the steps of a temple.
A man lay on the ground, his arms raised for mercy, and a menacing-
looking Barbarian stood over him, brandishing his sword.
10) The Barbarian was a leader of the troops that lived in the woods. His
little son had fallen prey to some disease and was on his deathbed. He felt
that if he sacrificed the man the gods would be pleased with him and save
his son’s life.
11) Meghavahana had imposed a law against killing of living beings in his
kingdom. When he saw a sacrifice in progress and also heard about the
barbarian’ sailing son’s plight he decided to save both their lives. He did so
by offering his body in sacrifice to Chandika. He ordered the barbarian to
kill him so that the two people would be saved.
12) When Meghavahana decided to offer his body in sacrifice to Chandika.
He ordered the barbarian to kill him, but the barbarian stepped back in
fear refused to so. The king used his own sword and was about to strike
himself, when to his surprise his head was covered with divine flowers of
exquisite colors and perfume , someone held back his arm. When he
turned around in surprise he saw a person of heavenly appearance. It
wasVaruna, the lord of the seas how had come to reclaim his parasol.
II) READ THE EXTRACTS AND ANSWER THE QUESTIONS GIVEN.
1) a) The king said this.
b) it was said toMeghavahana
c) When Meghavahana and his bride moved forward to seek the
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blessings of the king,the priest of the court cried out that the Parasol
of Varunahad cast its shadow over the prince.Meghavahana look up
in surprise wondering at the meaning of these words. The king
explained the uniqueness of the parasol.
2) a. This was a by Meghavahana
b. This was said to the barbarian.
c. Thebarbarian was ready to sacrifice the life of a man in order to save
his son's life.Meghavahana was very angry with the Barbarian for going
against the law he had passed.The law was against the killing of living
beings.
3) a. This was said by Meghavahana.
b. The listener here is the barbarian.
c. In order to save the life of the victim and the barbarian’s son.
Meghavahana was ready to sacrifice his own life. He ordered the
barbarian to kill him but, the barbarian refused to do so. Hence
Meghavahana decided to strike himself.
III. Prepositions
1) down, under.
2) Over
3) For
4) From
5) Up, on
6) At
7) Into
8) From, to
9) At, in
10) Through
VI. Dictionary use.
1) Dermatologist
2) Ophthalmologist
3) Pediatrician
4) Orthopaedician
5) Psychologist
6) Cardiologist
7) Psychiatrist
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8) Physiotherapist
9) Obstetrician
10) Gynecologist
VII.Homophones
1) Hear, here
2) Some, sum
3) Lakhs , lacks
4) Seized, ceased
5) Know, no
X. Adjectives
1) composed
2) selfish
3) cunning
4) meticulous
5) passionate
I) B) COMPREHENSION
Paragraph answers.
1)Meghavahanawas the great grandson of the former king of Kashmir.
Amrita Prabha was the beautiful princess of Pragjyotisha. Meghavahana
attended her swayamvara like many other suitors who had heard the tales
of the Amritaprabha's beauty. Amrita Prabha chose Meghavahana as her
husband. The couple moved forward to seek the blessings of the king. As
the king step down to bless the couple, the priest of the court cried out
that the Parasol of Varuna had cast its shadow over the
prince.Meghavahana looked up in surprise to see a beautiful dazzling
white parasol with exquisite decorations casting its shadow over him. The
king explained that the heavenly parasol had chosen Meghavahana and he
was destined to become the sovereign of the whole world and also for glory
and brilliance. Thus Meghavahana won over the princess and also the
heavenly parasol.
2)Varuna, The Lord of the seas had come to reclaim his parasol that was
carried away by Bhauma(AmruthaPrabha’s grandfather). He created an
illusion to test Meghavahana’s nobility of mind. Once while on an
expedition near the sea Meghavahana was resting in the shade of some
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Palm trees near the sea. All of a sudden, he heard a cry from the nearby
woods. In agitation, he ran towards the woods plunging through the
undergrowth, he fought his way till he came to clearing. He saw a temple of
Chandika with some sort of human sacrifice in progress on the steps.A
man was lying on the ground his arms raised for mercy and abarbarian
stood over him brandishing his sword. When Meghavahana tried to stop
the Barbarian he was told that he was killing the man in order to save his
son's life. The Barbarian further went on to explain that his son had fallen
prey to some disease and was on his deathbed. He felt that if he sacrificed
the man the Gods would be pleased with him and save his son's life.
Meghavahana who had imposed a law against killing of living beings in his
kingdom wanted to save the lives of the victim and the barbarian’s son. He
decided to sacrifice his own life and asked the Barbarian to strike him with
his sword, but the Barbarian stepped back in fear refusing to do
so.Meghavahana decided to strike himself ,when he was about to do so, he
was covered with divine flowers of exquisitecolours and perfume, and
someone held back his arm. It was lord Varuna who had created the
illusion and had come to reclaim his parasol and test Meghavahana’s
nobility of mind.
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Poem 1: BENJAMIN JONES GOES SWIMMING
By- Aileeen Fischer
Class: VIII
Teacher’s name: Mrs. Mahadevamma
Instructions:
Books to be maintaind
1) King size 200 pages-(1) for class work
2) King size 200 pages (1) for home work
3) King size 100 pages(1) for UT
4) King size 100 pages(1) for Grammar
5) King size 100 pages unruled(1)for activity.
Students please note that your class work must be updated regularly. Start each lesson with the date name of the lesson and the lesson number. First write the glossary then continue the question and answers All the new type questions must be written along with the answers Closure lines must be drawn after each question and answer
COMPREHENSION
I ) Answer the following questions in two or three sentences each.
1) One day Benjamin Jones told his wife that he would like to
participate (compete) in the free-for- all -meet that was to be held on
the 4th of July .He told her that he would surely win the competition
if he tries.
2) When Benjamin Jones announced that he would compete in the free-
for- all -meet swimming competition, his wife was shocked .She tried
to discourage him by saying that it was a foolish decision because he
had not gone swimming for many years. She told him that the other
competitors were expert swimmers, he would surely be the last in the
race and that would embarrass her.
3) Benjamin participated in the swimming competition on the 4th of
July. When the contest began the other swimmers who were experts
tossed Benjamin from right to left as his pace was very slow. The poet
very humorously narrates that his pace was so slow that a crab saw
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his toe and wanted to venture a bite. Benjamin noticed the crab
trying to catch hold of his toe, he couldn’t bear the thought of his toe
in the claws of his foe. He started to swim like a swimmer possessed.
Benjamin took a lead in the race and won the competition.
4) “Where there is a will there is a way”. This poem teaches us that if
you make up our mind for something nothing can stop us. We can
overcome all the obstacles only with strong determination.
Luck favours the Brave/foolish
Appreciation
1) The poem is in style of a satire
Note-Satire is used in many works of literature to show foolishness or
vice in humans, organizations or even governments. It uses sarcasm,
ridicule or irony.
II) Appreciate the following expressions in three or four sentences
each.
a) This line is taken from the poem ‘Benjamin Jones goes swimming' by
Aileen Fischer. This line was told by Benjamin’s wife when he
announced that he would compete in the free for all meet. His wife was
not happy with the announcement and discouraged him by telling that
he would surely lose the race because he hadn’t gone swimming for
years and there were other experts in the competition. She also told him
that she would be embarrassed if he lost the race.
b) This line is taken from the poem ‘Benjamin Jones goes swimming ‘by
Aileen Fischer.
This line was told by the poetess who describes the incident in a
humorous manner. She tells us that Benjamin swam so slowly that all
the other swimmers tossed him fromfrom their left to right. She tells us
that his pace was so slow that even a crab could see his toe and catch
hold of it. The poetess uses the above line to describe Benjamin’s slow
pace.
c) This line is taken from the poem ‘Benjamin Jones goes swimming' by
Aileen Fischer.
In the beginning of the competition Benjamin’s pace was very slow that
even a crab wanted to get hold of his toe. When he noticed the crab
trying to catch hold of his toe, he was very scared .The very thought of
his toe in the claws of his foe, made him swim like a possessed man.
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Benjamin swam so fast that he took the lead in the race and won the
race. His wife, who was watching the competition was so shocked that
she fell into the lake with a splash.
III) FILL IN THE BLANKS
1) He would compete in the free for all meet.
2) Swimming
3) He had not gone swimming for years.
4) The start of the race
5) The 4th of july
6) The other swimmers, his pace was very slow
7) His pace was very slow
8) He swam like a swimmer possessed
9) She was shocked to see Benjamin win the race.
B. Rhyming words
1) John ,Tones
2)compete, meet
3) word, absurd
4) July , try
5) fast , last
6) came , acclaim
7) Galore, shore
8) pace, race
9) right , bite
10) slow, toe
11) crab , grab
12) dash, splash.
C. Write the summary of the poem in about 20 sentences.
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Soundarya School
Academic year 2020-21
II Language English
Prose:1 - A Day in the Ashram (-C.F. Andrews)
Class: VIII
Teacher’s name: Mrs. Jayashree C
Note:
Maintain a 200 pages ruled notebook for class work and 100 pages ruled
notebook for the assignments/Homework Write legibly.
I. Answer the following questions:
1) Who named the School Shantiniketan?
Ans: Gurudev, (Rabindranath Tagore) named the School Shantiniketan.
2) When does the day in Shantiniketan begin?
Ans: The day in Shantiniketan begins long before the sunrise.
3) What istermed byGurudev as,‘the darling of our hearts’?
Ans: Shantinikethan is termed as darling of our hearts by Gurudev, (Rabindranath
Tagore)
4) Which phrase is used in paragraph 1 means‘both the old the young people’?
Ans: The Phrase ‘old and young alike’ is the phrase used to mean both young and
old people.
5) The boys in Shantiniketan get up early in the morning. Who else are the early risers?
Ans: The Choristers and the birds on the amloki groves are early risers.
II. Answer the following questions:
1) What kind ofwork do the boys practice in the afternoon?
Ans: In the afternoon boys practice the work chiefly with hands as well as with the
mind. Handwork is practiced.
2) What are Shantinikethan boys famous for?
Ans: Shantinikethan boys are famous everywhere for their sports and games.
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Page 14 of 34
3) How do the boys spend their evenings before they go to bed?
Ans: Before they go to bed some fairy tales are told, short dramas are recited
Gurudeva's songs are sung and different school gatherings are held.
4) Read the second Paragraph carefully. What it describes?
Ans: (b) the song of the choristers.
III. Answer the following in 4 to 5 sentences:
1) What is the effect of the song of the choristers on the listeners?
Ans:The Choristers are the first to rise and they go round the Ashram singing their
morning and evening hymn, we can hear the voices in distance drawing nearer and
nearer and then the sound dies away as choir passes on to another part of the Ashram
and then again it comes nearer and near. The beauty of the sound in the silent
morning air and the sense of joy and reverence which it brings give peace to the soul.
2) How are the classes held in the afternoon in Shantiniketan?
Ans: In the afternoon classes begin again at 2 O’ Clock but at this time the work is
chiefly with hands as well as mind. Handiwork is practiced and the boys own natural
tastes are very soon discovered. Some prefer carpentry others prefer mechanical work
others enjoy spinning and weaving others become skilled in draftsman or painter’s
other are musicians.
3) How do the boys spend their eveningsin Shantiniketan?
Ans:School is over at about 4 o’clock and then there is a rush to get into the field to
play Football. Shantiniketan boys are famous for their sports and games. In the
evening at sunset they return from the field and sit down once more for a short time
to meditate, in silence.
4) How are the classes at Shantiniketan different from the classes in other schools?
Ans:Shantiniketan is a school which imparts living education.There are no larger
classes and the boys sit with their teachers under the tress.The classes consist of only
8 to 10 boys, who sit around their teacher asking questions. Very few books are used
and learning is carried on through conversation. The boys interact with their teachers
in an easy and in interesting way.
5) How does Shantiniketan prepare the boys for life?
Ans:The boys at Shantiniketan follow their own natural tastes along with education
they learn now to open out their difficulties through interaction session. The teachers
answer to their questions eagerly and thus the boys of Shantiniketan lead a life of
happiness in the Ashram they learn through living education and are prepared to face
a good life outside the school.
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The writer has used the phrase ‘living education’ to describethe experience in
Shantiniketan. Some features ofeducation are given below. Classify them into the
categoriesof ‘living education’ and ‘unimaginative instruction’.
Living Education Unimaginative instruction
e.g. Open discussion e.g. Punishing learners
Meditating Memorizing,
Learning outside in nature dictating notes,
students asking questions to teacher students passively listening
experimenting bookish learning
creative thinking
identifying students’ natural taste
Memorizing, meditating, punishing learners, learning outside in nature, dictating notes,
open discussion, students asking questions toteachers, students passively listening,
experimenting, creative thinking, identifying students’ natural taste, bookish learning.
Vocabulary:
V1: Observe the use of nearer and nearer in the following example:
Eg: You can hear the voices in the distance, drawing nearer and nearer [near]
Fill in the blanks in each of the following sentence with the help of the clues given in
brackets.
1. When you blow air into a balloon it becomes bigger and bigger [big]
2. As the train approaches the station, the sound of its whistle becomes louder and
louder [loud]
3. If you practice harder and harder, you will feel more and more [much] confident to
solve the problems.
4. Man has been constructing taller and taller [tall] buildings in the cities.
5. As you move away from a tree it looks smaller and smaller [small]
V2: Fill in the blanks using some and others.
e.g. Some prefer carpentry, others prefer mechanical work.
1. You can see shining objects in the sky at night. Some of them are planets, others are
stars.
2. There are many fruits in the basket. Some of them are mangoes others are bananas.
3. After the bell, some boys went out to play, others went home.
4. There are a few books on the table. Some of them are textbooks, others are not.
5. Some of the apples in the basket are good. Others are bad.
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Page 16 of 34
V3: Fill in the blanks choosing the appropriate words from the words given in
brackets.
Last week [week, weak] I went to a shop to buy [by, buy] a pair of trousers. I bought
one and returned home. When I tried to wear [wear, ware] it, I found that it was rather
loose [loose, lose]. So I went to the shop in fury. But the shopkeeper was out. So I had
to wait [wait, weight] for half an hour. When he returned. I shouted at him, “See, how
big it is. It fits an elephant”. He replied coolly looking at my potbelly, “Therefore we
offered it to you, Sir”.
V4: Fill in the blanks using the antonyms of the words underlined.
1. Krishna was a rich king, while his friend was a poor man.
2. Madanika is tall but her brother is short .
3. Radhika is strong but her sister is weak .
4. Silk is soft iron is hard .
5. I can remember stories but forget lessons.
V5: Classify the following into prefixes and suffixes:
re, less, ful, mis, non, anti, ment, able, ish, in, ex, ion, ship, multi,
sub, ive. One example for each is given.
V6: Fill in the blanks with the appropriate prefixes choosing from theones given
above:
1. The school re-opens on June 1.
2. Manish eats meat. He is a non-vegetarian.
3. Terrorists are anti-social.
4. Bakra Nangal is a multi-purpose project.
5. Plastic chairs are in-expensive.
V7. Fill in the blanks with appropriate suffixes choosing from the ones given above
[V5]:
1. He was comfortable in his seat on the train.
2. He was acting in a very childishway.
3. She looked at her reflection in the mirror.
4. India has won the Championship at Sharjah.
5. The rate of employment in India has been rising steadily.
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ಸ ೌಂದರ್ಯಶಾಲೆ ಶೆೈಕ್ಷಣಿಕ ವರ್ಯ ೨೦೨೦-೨೦೨೧
ವಿರ್ರ್ : ತೃತಿೇರ್ ಭಾಷೆ ಕನ್ನಡ
ತರಗತಿ ಕಾರ್ಯ : Poem 1- ಕಾಮನ್ಬಿಲುಿ ಕಮಾನ್ು ಕಟ್ಟೂದೆ
ತರಗತಿ : ಎೌಂಟು
ಶಿಕ್ಷಕರು : Mrs. Gowramma
Note:
Copy notes in 200 pages notebook. Assignment in 100 pages notebook
ಸೂಚನೆ :
ಕವಿ ಪರಿಚಯ , ಪದಗಳ ಅರ್ಥ , ಒಂದು ವಾಕಯದ ಪರಶ್ನೆಗಳು ವಾಯಕರಣ ಸಂಬಂಧಿತ
ಪರಶ್ನೆಗಳುಭಾಷಾ ಅಭಾಯಸ ಹಾಗೂ ಬಿಟ್ಟ ಸಥಳ ಎಲ್ಾಾ ಒಂದು ಅಂಕದ ಪರಶ್ನೆಗಳಿಗನ ಸವತಃ ನೀವನೀ
ಉತತರಿಸಿ.
I. ಈ ಕ ಳಗಿನ ಪಿಶ ುಗ್ಳಿಗ ಮೂರದ ನಾಲ್ದಕ ವಾಕಯಗ್ಳಲ್ಲಲ ಉತ್ತರಸ .
1. ಕಾಮನಬಿಲ್ದಲ ಕಂದಮಾಗ್ಳಿಗ ಹ ೀಗ ಸಂತ್ಸರ್ನದು ಉಂಟ್ದ ಮಾಡಿದ ?
ಉತ್ತರ: ಕಾಮನಬಿಲ್ದಲ ಮಳ ಗಾಲ್ದಲ್ಲಲ ಆಕಾಶದಲ್ಲಲ ಕಂಡದ ಬ್ರದರ್ ಒಂದದ ಸದಂದರವಾದ
ದೃಶಯ.ಅಧವ ಚಂದಾಿಕೃತಿಯಲ್ಲಲ ಮೂಡಿಬ್ರದರ್ ಕಾಮನಬಿಲ್ದಲ ಏಳು ಬ್ಣ್ಣಗ್ಳಿಂದ ಕೂಡಿದದು ಎಲ್ಲರನದು
ಆಕರ್ಷವಸದತ್ತದ .ಮಕಕಳು ಈ ಸದಂದರವಾದ ದೃಶಯರ್ನದು ನ ೂೀಡಿ ತ್ಮಾ ಅಳುರ್ನದು ನಿಲ್ಲಲಸ ಅತ್ಯಂತ್
ಸಂತ ೂೀಷ್ಟ ಪಡದರ್ರ್ರದ.
2. ಕದವ ಂಪುರರ್ರದ ಕಾಮನಬಿಲ್ಲಲನ ಸ ೂಬ್ಗ್ನದು ಹ ೀಗ ರ್ರ್ಣವಸದಾುರ ?
ಉತ್ತರ: ಕಾಮನಬಿಲ್ದಲ ಏಳು ಬ್ಣ್ಣಗ್ಳಿಂದ ತ ೂೀರಣ್ರ್ನದು ಕಟ್ಟಿದ , ಭೂಮಿಗ ಬಾನಿಗ
ಸ ೀತ್ದವ ಯಾಗಿದ . ತ ಂಗಿನ ತ ೂೀಟ್ದ ಬ್ದಡದಿಂದ ಮೂಡಿ ಬ್ಂದಿರದರ್ಂತ ಕಾಣ್ದರ್ ಕಾಮನಬಿಲ್ದಲ
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ಆಕಾಶದ ತ್ತರಕ ಕ ಬ ಳ ದದಕ ೂಂಡಿದ .ಕಾಮನ ಬಿಲ್ದಲ ಮಕಕಳಿಗ ಓಕದಳಿ ಯಾಟ್ರ್ನದು ಆಡಿಸದ . ಹೀಗ
ಕದವ ಂಪು ರರ್ರದ ಕಾಮನಬಿಲ್ಲಲನ ಸ ೂಬ್ಗ್ನದು ರ್ರ್ಣವಸದಾುರ .
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Soundarya School Academic year 2020-21
III Language - Hindi
Class: VIII
Teacher’s name: Mrs. Soniya Singh
Note:
Maintain a 200 pages ruled notebook for class work and 100 pages ruled
notebook for the assignments/Homework. Write legibly.
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Soundarya School Academic year 2020-21
General Science – Biology
Chapter 1: Crop Production and Management
Class: VIII
Teacher’s name: Mrs. Bharthi Suhas
Note:
Maintain a 200 pages ruled notebook for (chemistry/biology) class work
and 100 pages ruled notebook for the assignments/Homework
(chemistry/biology). Write legibly.
I. Select the correct word from the following list and fill in the blanks
with the correct word: (float, water, crop, nutrients, preparation)
1. The same kind of plants grown and cultivated on a large scale at a place
is called _____________.
2. The first step before growing crops is _____________ of the soil.
3. Damaged seeds would _____________ on top of water.
4. For growing a crop, sufficient sunlight and _____________ and
_____________ from the soil are essential.
Answer:
1. Crop 2. Preparation 3. Float 4.water and
nutrients
II. Match items in column A with those in column B.
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Answer: i-e, ii- d, iii- b, iv- c
Question3: Give two examples of kharif crop and rabi crop
Answer:
Kharif crop includes paddy, maize, soybeans, groundnut, cotton, etc. Rabi
crops include Wheat, gram, pea, mustard, etc.
Question 4: Write a paragraph in your own words on each of the
following:
(i) Preparation of soil (ii) Sowing (iii) Weeding (iv)
Threshing
Answer:
(i) Preparation of soil
For good crops, soil preparation is a very necessary step which includes
ploughing and levelling. Ploughing of soil is very necessary for
germination of seeds and growth of crops.
It is important because:
(a) loose soil helps roots to penetrate deep into the soil. It helps the
plants to fix strongly.
(b) loose soil particles have more space that helps the roots to breathe
easily.
(c) loose soil mixes with manures and fertilizers more easily.
(d) loose soil promotes the growth of useful soil microbes, which helps
to add humus to the soil.
(e) loose soil can hold water for a longer period.
(f) It helps to uproot weeds from the soil easily.
Levelling is important because:
(a) In a field, small mud pieces called crumbs are left after ploughing.
They should be levelled by using leveller.
(b) It prevents soil erosion and prevents soil from being blown away
easily by the wind.
(c) Levelling also helps the soil to take water easily.
Sowing
Sowing is the most important part of crop production. When the soil is
ready, the farmers sow the seeds. It is the process of putting the seeds in
proper depth in the soil. Good quality seeds are clean and healthy seeds of
a good variety. Seeds can be sown by seed drill or manually.
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Weeding
Weed is any plant that grows wild and forcefully, especially among
cultivated plants. Weeds are unwanted plants. These unwanted plants
compete with the main crop plants for nutrients and space. For example:
Amaranthus (Chaulai), Chenopodium (Bathua) with the main crop plants.
Weeds can be removed by using weedicides. The process of removing the
weeds from the crop field is called weeding.
Threshing
After harvesting, threshing is done. It is the process of loosening the seeds
from the husk and straw. In olden times, this was done by beating the
grains with sticks or some other objects.
Question5: Explain how fertilizers are different from manures.
Answer:
Fertilizes are different from manure in the following aspects. They are
• Fertilizers are manmade inorganic salt prepared in factories.
• Fertilizers do not provide any humus to the soil.
• Fertilizers are very rich plant nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus
and potassium
• Example: Urea, Ammonium sulphate, Super phosphate, Potash,
NPK(Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium)
• Manure on the other hand is:
• A natural substance obtained by the decomposition of cattle dung
and plant residues
• It is prepared in the field and provides lot of humus to the soil.
• Manure is relatively less rich in plant nutrients
• Example: Natural organic manure, Biofertilizers, Vermi compost.
Question 6: What is Irrigation? Describe two methods of irrigation
which conserve water.
Answer:
The process of watering the crops is called irrigation.
The two methods of irrigation that conserves water include:
i. Sprinkler irrigation system:
• This system is used in uneven land where less water is available.
• It consists of perpendicular pipes with rotating nozzlesat the top.
• These pipes are joined to the main pipeline at regular intervals.
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• Water is allowed to flow through the main pipe under pressure which
escapes from the rotating nozzles.
• In this way water gets sprinkled on the crops.
ii. Drip irrigation system
• This system is used in order to save water as it allows the water to
flow drop by drop at the roots of the crop plants
• It is the best technique for watering fruit plants, gardens and trees.
• In this system water is not wasted at all.
Question 7: If wheat is sown in the kharif season, what would happen?
Discuss
Answer:
Wheat is a rabi crop, grown in winter season. Hence, it requires cold
climatic conditions to be grown properly. It does not require too much
water for its growth. If wheat is sown in kharif season, the crop may wilt as
it cannot tolerate excess water. Therefore, wheat should not be sown in the
kharif season
Question 8 : Explain how soil gets affected by the continuous
plantation of crops in a field.
Answer:
If there is a continuous plantation of crops in the field the soil will lack
nutrients and the soil will become poor in nutrients and minerals. As we
know plant require nutrients for their growth and development. When there is
continuous plantation the nutrients in the soil will reduce and the crop yield
will also reduce.
Question 9: What are weeds? How cam we control them?
Answer:
Undesirable plants that grow naturally along with the crop are
called weeds. Removal of weeds is called Weeding.
We can control weeds by:
• Tilling before sowing of crops (to uproot and kill weeds),
• Manually removing them using khurpi to uproot them or cut them close
to the ground,
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• Spraying weedicides (chemicals that kill weeds but do not damage
crops), such as 2, 4 Dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2, 4-D), Naphthalene
acetic acid, and Atrazine.
Question 10:Arrange the following boxes in proper order to make a
flow chart of
sugarcane crop production.
ANSWER
1. Preparation of soil.
2. Ploughing the field.
3. Sowing.
4. Irrigation.
5. Manuring.
6. Harvesting
Question 11.Complete the following word puzzle with the help of clues
given below.
Down:
1. Providing water to the crops.
2. Keeping crop grains for a long time under proper conditions.
5. Certain plants of the same kind grown on a large scale.
Across
3. A machine used for cutting the matured crop.
4. A rabi crop that is also one of the pulses.
6. A process of separating the grain from chaff.
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Answer:
Down
1. IRRIGATION
2. STORAGE
5. CROP
Across
3. HARVESTER
5. GRAM
6. WINNOWING
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Soundarya School Academic year 2020-21
Social Science - History
Chapter -1: Sources
Class: VIII
Teacher’s name: Mrs. Seema Devi
Note:
Maintain a 200 pages ruled notebook for class work and 100 pages ruled
notebook for the assignments/Homework. Write legibly.
Answer the following questions:
1. What is History?
Ans: History is the systematic study of the past.
2. What is the basis on which the history is written?
Ans: History is written on the basis of sources
3.How do historians write history?
Ans: Historians collect the sources, subject them to critical examination,
analysis and then write the history.
4. Why do historians make assumptions while writing history?
Ans:Historians need to make assumptions on the available sources if they
don't
get primary sources while writing history.
5. What are the types of literary sources?
Ans:Written literature and Oral Literature.
6. What are the 2 types of written literature?
Ans: Native literature and Foreign Literature.
7.What is Native literature? Give examples.
Ans: Literature created by Indian writers in Indian languages is known as
native literature.
Examples:
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Kautilya: Arthashastra
Vishakadatta: Mudrarakshasa
Hala: Gathasapthasathi
Kalhana: Rajatharangini
Banabhatta: Harshacharitha
Chand Bardayi: PrithvirajaRaso
Pampa: Vikramarjunavijaya
Ashwagosha: Buddha charita
Tamil poetry: Sangam literature
8. What does the native literary sources help us to know?
Ans: The native literary sources help us to know the contemporary social,
economic, political & religious life.
9. What is Foreign Literature? Give examples
Ans: The foreign travellers/ ambassadors who visited India and recorded
their observations in their works and it is called Foreign Literature
Examples:
Megasthanes: Indica
Fa-heins: Gho- kho- ki
Hieun Tsang: Si- yu- ki
Ptolemy: Geography
Ferishta: Tarikh-i-Ferishta
Babur: Tuzk-e-Babari
10. What are the drawbacks of literary sources?
Ans: Native literature: Exaggeration
Hyperbole
Loyalty to one’smaster
Foreign literature: Many misgivings are recorded due to lack of
knowledge
11. What is Oral Literature? Give examples
Ans: Human beings are passing on their experiences in the form of story,
songs, ballads orally from generation to generation
Ex: Ballads on SangoliRayanna, Kittur Rani Chennamma ,Kumararamathe
Nayakas of Chitradurga,Kempegowda, SindhooraLaxamana
12. What are Legends? Give examples
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Ans: Local mythological stories related to the name of a particular
village/town/ place. Ex: Bengaluru,Shravanabelagola,Gokarna
13. What are Archaeological Sources?
Ans: It is basically the material evidences like historical buildings
(monuments),coins,inscription and other remains that gives
information of past.
14. What is Excavation?
Ans: The hidden things in the depth of the earth are dug out by the
Archaeologist by using scientific method is known as Excavation
15.What is Inscription?
Ans:Inscription means engraved writing on rock,stone, metal,terracotta or
ivory.
16. Which is the most reliable source to write history?
Ans: Inscription is the most reliable source, as they have direct relation
with the events.
17. Name the earliest inscription available in India.
Ans:Ashoka’s Inscription is the earliest inscription available in India and is
written in Brahmi script, Prakrit language
18. Mention the Important Inscriptions and the rulers who had made it
Ans:
Allahabad pillar- Samudragupta
Aihole inscription- Pulakeshi II
Hathigumpa- Kharavela
Uttarameruru- Cholas
19. What is Numismatics?
Ans: Scientific study of origin,nature and development of coin is
Numismatics.
20. How does coins help us in the study of past?
Ans:Coins are helpful in understanding
• The geographical extent of the kingdom of the ruler.
• Language of administration
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• Titles of the king
• Religion and economic conditions of that time.
• Metal technology in vogue of the kingdom at that time.
20. What aspect does monuments throw light on? Explain with
examples.
Ans: Monuments like Palaces, temples, forts and pillars throw light on the
Contemporary religious aspects, technology, scientific knowledge,
economic growth and creativity of that period.
• Mehruli iron pillar&Golgumbus shows Maturity of science
and technical knowledge
• Tajmahal tells Shajahan’s love
• Chittorvijayashambh commemorates victory of Ranakumbh
• Elephanta, Ellora, Ajantha narrate the mastery over painting &
sculpture
• Aihole & Pattadakkalu explains the evolution of Indian temple
architecture
• Nalanda & Madrasa built byGawan narrate importance given to
education
• Srirangapatna fort explains the accomplishment in defence
technology
21. Where do we find Buddhist stupas in Karnataka
Ans: Buddhist stupas in Karnataka were found in Sannathi – Yadagiri
and Rajaghatta Doddaballapur
22. For what purpose does Carbon -14 dating procedure is used?
Ans: Carbon -14 dating procedure is used to estimate the age of biological
fossils.
23. How do we find the age of fossils using Carbon -14 dating procedure?
Ans: At the time of death of a living being C-12 &C-14 will be present in
equal amount
• After death C-12 remain constant and C-14 starts losing its volume.
• C-14 loses half of its volume by 5700 years
• so, by estimating the levels of C-12 & C-14 we can estimate the ageof
fossil.
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Soundarya School Academic year 2020-21
Social Science - History
Chapter -2: Geographical features and pre-Historic India
Class: VIII
Teacher’s name: Mrs. Seema Devi
Note:
Maintain a 200 pages ruled notebook for class work and 100 pages ruled
notebook for the assignments/Homework. Write legibly.
Answer the following questions:
1. Where is India located?
Ans: India is a sub-continent which lies in the southern part of
Asiancontinent.
2. What is a peninsula?
Ans:Peninsula is a land form, three sides surrounded by water and one
side land.
3. Which are the neighbouring countries that shares its land boundaries
with India?
Ans: The neighbouring countries that shares its land boundaries
With India are Pakistan, Afghanistan, China, Bhutan, Bangladesh,
Myanmar, Nepal.
4. How many states and union territories are there in India at present? &
Name the capital city.
Ans: India consists of 28 states and 9 union territories
Delhi is the national capital of India.
5. Describe the geographical features of India.
Ans: India’s geographical features comprise of
• The Himalayan mountains,
• The Indo-Gangetic plain in the North,
• The Peninsular Plateau (Deccan &Malwa),
• The Coastal region in the South.
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6. Explain the role of Himalayas in Indian History.
Ans: The snow-capped mountains in the North include some of the tallest
mountain peaks in the world.
• They help to preserve the safety and security of India.
• There have been very few intrusions on ancient India from the
northern Himalayan region.
• The attacks have been mainly from the north- western side through
the valleys of Bolan and Khyber passes.
7. Write a short note on Indo-Gangetic plain.
Ans: The flat Indo-Gangetic plains are extremely fertile.
• The ancient civilizations of Indus Valley and Vedic period flourished
here.
• Many battles have been fought from time to time to establish control
over this area.
• The dynasties that established control over this fertile Gangetic plain
also established empires.
8. Name the river that separates India into two plateaus.
Ans: The Narmada river separates India into two - Malwa plateauor Central
Highlands and the Deccan Plateau, in the south.
9. Which are the dynasties that ruled the plateaus of ancient India.?
Ans: The Mauryas and the Guptas ruled these two areas of ancient India.
10. Write a short note on The Indian coastline
Ans: The Indian coastline is vast and stretches over 6,100 km.
• The eastern coastline is called the Coromandel Coast,
• The western coastline is referred as Konkan and Malabar coast.
• The numerous ports on this coastline had attracted the Romans from
time immemorial for trade.
11. What is meant by the Pre- Historic age?
Ans: The period before the discovery of the art of writing is calledthe
Prehistoric age.We do not find evidence of the linguistic development
or the use of script.
12. Who is an Archaeologist?
Ans: The scholars who study the Prehistoric period are
calledArchaeologists.
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13. What are the purpose for which stone tools were used?
Ans: Human beings in the pre-historic age used stone tools
• To peel the skin and separate the flesh and bones of animals.
• To scrape the bark of trees.
• To cut fruits and roots.
• To create handles out of bones and wood, and using them like spears
and arrows, hunted animals.
• They used stones as axes to chop down trees and cut them up into
logs
14. How did human beings live in the pre-historic age?
Ans: In the pre-historic age, man was a nomad
• They indulged in hunting and food-gathering.
• Probably they used tools made of stone, wood and bones.
15. Where did the Pre-historic man live in India?
Ans: The relics of the hunting and food-gathering humans are available in
Bimbetka, Hunasagi and Kurnool in India.
16. What is an Industrial or Residential site?
Ans: Heaps of broken rock or stone-chips obtained during the creation of
implements are found in some areas.
• It is assumed that people lived for a long time in these places.
• Such places are called by archaeologists as industrial
sites/residential sites.
17. From where did we get the sign of ashes?
Ans: Signs of ashes have been obtained in the caves of Kurnool.
18. How did pre historic man use fire?
Ans: Fire was used for various purposes.
• To cook food.
• To light and heat.
• To frighten/scare away animals.
19. What was the theme of drawings found in caves?
Ans: The theme of drawings found in caves were beautiful drawings ofwild
animals and hunting.
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20. Where can we find the cave drawings in India?
Ans: Cave-drawings can be seen in Madhya Pradesh,Uttar Pradesh and
Karnataka.
21. How did animal husbandry and dairying start?
Ans: 12,000 years ago a major change took place in the Earth’s
environment.
• The Earth’s temperature began to gradually increase
• This led to the development of grasslands in many places.
• Birds and animals began to multiply in unprecedented numbers.
• Animals like deer, elks, goats, sheep and others prospered in these
grasslands.
• Human began to observe their nature, food habits and the way these
animals multiplied.
• They captured some of these animals and brought them up.
• Like this animal husbandry and dairying started.
22. How did farming start?
Ans: Human beings noticed in the meantime that some grass bearing
grains had grown naturally.
• They learnt to use them as food.
• Gradually they learnt to grow cereals like rice, Wheat and Barley
obtained from such plants.
• Thus, the farming started.
23. What do you mean by Stone Age?
Ans: Theage that prevailed 2 million years ago is the oldest age and is
called the Old Stone Age
24. The different periods of pre-history have been given various names by
archaeologists. What are they?
Ans: Stone age is divided into 3 -
Old stone age (12,000 years ago)
Middle stone age (12,000 to 10,000) years
New stone age (began after 10,000) years
and
The old stone age has 3 sub division-
Early old stone age
Middle old stone age
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Late old stone age
25. What are the features of middle stone age?
Ans: The tools of Middle stone age period are generally very small and
hence they are called delicate stone tools.
• They used to fix these stone tools with handles made out of wood and
bones.
• They used those tools as axes and saws.
26. Write a short note on New stone age
Ans: New Stone Age began after 10,000 years.
• These tools were bright and had sharp edges.
• People of this age used grinding stones for grinding leaves and herbs
and grains and cereals.
• Pots were used for storing grains.
• They were also used for cooking rice, wheat and other grains and
cereals.
• People of this age had learnt to weave cloth.