ಸ ೌಂದರ್ಯಶಾಲೆ - soundarya school...heavenly parasol. 2)varuna, the lord of the...

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ಸ ೌಂದರ್ಯಶಾಲೆ ಶೆೈಕ್ಷಣಿಕ ವರ್ಯ ೨೦೨೦-೨೦೨೧

ವಿರ್ರ್ : ಪ್ರಥಮ ಭಾಷೆ ಕನ್ನಡ

ತರಗತಿ ಕಾರ್ಯ : ಗದಯ ೧ - ಮಗಗದಸಾಹೆೇಬ

ತರಗತಿ : ಎೌಂಟು

ಶಿಕ್ಷಕರು : ರಮಯ.ಕೆ

Note:

Copy notes in 200 pages notebook. Assignment in 100 pages notebook

ಸೂಚನೆ :

ಕವಿ ಪರಿಚಯ , ಪದಗಳ ಅರ್ಥ , ಒಂದು ವಾಕಯದ ಪರಶ್ನೆಗಳು ವಾಯಕರಣ ಸಂಬಂಧಿತ ಪರಶ್ನೆಗಳುಭಾಷಾ ಅಭಾಯಸ

ಹಾಗೂ ಬಿಟ್ಟ ಸಥಳ ಎಲ್ಾಾ ಒಂದು ಅಂಕದ ಪರಶ್ನೆಗಳಿಗನ ಸವತಃ ನೀವನೀ ಉತತರಿಸಿ.

I. ಎರಡು/ಮೂರುವಾಕಯಗಳಲಿ್ಲ ಉತತರಿಸಿ .

೧.ಹುಸೆೇನ್ ಸಾಹೆೇಬರ ವಯಕ್ತತತವವನ್ುನ ವಿವರಿಸಿ.

ಉತ್ತರ: ಅಬ್ದುಲ್ ರಹೀಮನ ಪೂರ್ವಜರಾದ ಮಗ್ಗದ ಹದಸ ೀನ್ ಸಾಹ ೀಬ್ರದ ಜನಪ್ರಿಯ ಮತ್ದತ ಧನರ್ಂತ್

ರ್ಯಕ್ತತಯಾಗಿದುರದ ಅರ್ರದ ಮಸೀದಿ ಮಾತ್ಿರ್ಲ್ಲದ ದ ೀರ್ಸಾಾನರ್ನದು ಕಟ್ಟಿಸದುರದ. ಇದರಂದ ಸಾಹ ೀಬ್ರಲ್ಲಲಎಂತ್ಹ

ಘನತ ಸದಾಚಾರ ಹಾಗ್ೂ ಸದಾಾರ್ನ ಗ್ಳು ಎಂಬ್ದದದ ಎಲ್ಲರಗ್ೂ ತಿಳಿಯದತ್ತದ

೨.ಲೆೇಖಕರ ಹುಟೂೂರಿನ್ಲಿ್ಲ ಮುಸಿಿೌಂ ಧಾರ್ಮಯಕ ಉತಸವದ ಸೌಂಪ್ರದಾರ್ವೆೇನ್ು?

ಲ ೀಖಕರ ಹದಟ್ೂಿರನ ಪಕಕದಲ್ಲಲದು ಮದಸಲಾಾನರ ರ್ಸತಿಯಲ್ಲಲ ಒಂದದ ಪವಿತ್ಿ ಸಾಾನವಿದ ಅಲ್ಲಲ ಮಹಮಾದಿೀಯ

ಸಾಧದಗ್ಳ ಪುಣ್ಯ ತಿಥಿಮತ್ದತ ಅಂದದ ನಡ ಯದರ್ ಉತ್ಸರ್. ಉರ್ಸವ ಎಂಬ್ ಉತ್ಸರ್ ನಡ ಯದತ್ತದ ಆ ಉತ್ಸರ್ದಲ್ಲಲ

ಲ ೀಖಕರ ಮನ ತ್ನದ ಒಬ್ಬ ಪಿತಿನಿಧಿ ಇರಲ ೀಬ ೀಕ ಂಬ್ ಸಂಪಿದಾಯವಿತ್ದತ.

೩.ರ್ಮಠಾಯಿ ಕೊಟ್ಟೂದದಕೆೆ ಅತಿಥಿಗಳ ಆಕ್ೆೇಪ್ವೆೇನ್ು?

ಮಿಠಾಯಿ ಕ ೂಟ್ಿದುಕ ಕ ಅತಿಥಿಗ್ಳಿಗ ತ್ದಂಬಾ ಸಟ್ದಿ ಬ್ಂತ್ದ ಏಕ ಂದರ ಹಬ್ಬದ ತಿನಿಸನದು ಪಿಸಾದವ ಂದದ

ಪಡ ಯದರ್ುದದ ಅಲ್ಲಲನ ಸಂಪಿದಾಯವಾಗಿತ್ದತ ಆದರ ಲ ೀಖಕರ ಮನ ಯಲ್ಲಲ ಕಾಯಿಲ ಇದು ಕಾರಣ್ ಅಂದದ

ಅಂಗ್ಡಿಯ ತಿಂಡಿಯನದು ತ್ಂದದಕ ೂಟ್ಟಿದುರದ ಇದಕ ಕ ಕ ೂೀಪಗ ೂಂಡಅತಿಥಿಗ್ಳು ಈ ರೀತಿ ಹ ೀಳುತಾತರ ರಾಯರ ೀ

ಅಂಗ್ಡಿಯಿಂದ ತ ಗ ದದಕ ೂಳಳಲ್ದ ನಮಾಲ್ಲಲ ಹಣ್ವಿಲ್ಲವ ೀ ಮನ ಯಲ್ಲಲ ಕಾಯಿಲ ಇದುರ ಒಂದದ ತ್ದಂಡದ ಬ ಲ್ಲರ್ನದು

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ಸಕಕರ ಹರಳನದು ಕ ೂಡಿ ನಿಮಾ ಹಬ್ಬದ ಪೂಜ ಯ ಪಿಸಾದರ್ನದು ನಾರ್ು ತ ಗ ದದಕ ೂಳುಳರ್ುದದ

ತ್ಲ್ತ್ಲಾಂತ್ರದಿಂದ ಬ್ಂದ ಹಳ ಯ ಸಂಪಿದಾಯ ಅಂಗ್ಡಿಯ ಮಿಠಾಯಿಯನದು ಪಿಸಾದವ ಂದದ ಕ ೂಡದರ್ುದದ

ಸರಯೀ ಎಂದದ ಕ ೀಳಿಯೀ ಬಿಟ್ಟಿದುರದ .

೪.ಕರಿೇಮನಿಗೆ ಶಾಲೆರ್ಲ್ಲ ಿಮಗಗ ಕಲ್ಲತದದರಿೌಂದ ಆದ ಪ್ರಯೇಜನ್ವೆೇನ್ು ?

ಕರೀಮ್ ಶಾಲ ಯ ಮಗ್ಗದಲ್ಲಲ ತ್ನುದ ೀ ಬ್ದದಿಿರ್ಂತಿಕ ಮತ್ದತ ಕೌಶಲ್ಯದಿಂದ ಪರರ್ತ್ವನ ಯನದು ಮಾಡಿದನದ

ಅದನದು ಶಿಕ್ಷಕರಾದ ಶಂಕರಪಪನರ್ರದ ಸಾಾಭಾವಿಕವಾಗಿ ಪಿಶಂಸ ಮಾಡಿ ಮೀಲ್ಧಿಕಾರಗ್ಳಿಗ ರ್ರದಿ ಮಾಡಿದರದ

ಅದರ ಫಲ್ವಾಗಿ ಸಕಾವರದಿಂದ ಕರ ಮನ ಗ ಒಂದದ ಬ ಳಿಳ ಪದಕರ್ೂ ಹಾಗ್ೂ ಒಂದದ ನೂರದ ರೂಪಾಯಿ

ಬ್ಹದಮಾನರ್ೂ ಬ್ಂದಿದುರ್ು.

೫.ಶಾಲಾ ವಾರ್ಷಯಕೊೇತಸವದೌಂದು ಕರಿೇಮ್ ಮಾಡಿದ ಕೆಲಸವೆೇನ್ು?

ಒಂದದ ದಿನ ಶಾಲ ಯ ವಾರ್ಷವಕ ೂೀತ್ಸರ್ದ ಸಮಾರಂಭದಲ್ಲಲ ಹಳ ಯ ವಿದಾಯಥಿವಗ್ಳ ಒಂದದ ನಾಟ್ಕ ವಿತ್ದತ

ಅದರಲ್ಲಲ ಕರೀಮನದದ ಸರೀಪಾತ್ಿ ಅದಕ ಕಂದದ ತಾಯಿಯಿಂದ ಗೌಪಯವಾಗಿ ಹಳ ೀ ಕಾಲ್ದ ಚಿನುದ ಸರರ್ನದು

ಅಲ್ಂಕಾರಕ ಕಂದದ ಎರರ್ಲ್ದ ತ ಗ ದದಕ ೂಂಡ ನಾಟ್ಕ ಮದಗಿದ ನಂತ್ರ ಕರೀಮನದ ಮನ ಗ ಬ್ರದ ಎಲ ೂಲೀ

ಮಾಯವಾಗಿ ಹ ೂೀದನದ .

II. ನಾಲುೆ ಐದು ವಾಕಯಗಳಲಿ್ಲ ಉತತರಿಸಿ.

೧.ನ್ವಿೇನ್ ಶಿಕ್ಷಣದ ವೆೈಶಿರ್ೂಯಗಳ ೇೆನ್ು ?

ಮಹಾತಾಾ ಗಾಂಧಿೀಜಿಯರ್ರ ಪ ಿೀರಣ ಯಿಂದ ಕ ಲ್ರ್ು ಶಾಲ ಗ್ಳಲ್ಲಲ ನವಿೀನ ಶಿಕ್ಷಣ್ ಪಾಿರಂಭವಾಯಿತ್ದ ಈ ಶಿಕ್ಷಣ್

ರ್ಯರ್ಸ ಾಯಲ್ಲಲ ವಿದಾಯಥಿವಗ್ಳಿಗ ಹಲ್ರ್ು ತ್ರಹದ ಔದ ೂಯೀಗಿಕ ಶಿಕ್ಷಣ್ರ್ನದು ಕ ೂಡದರ್ುದದ ಅರ್ರಲ್ಲಲ ಹಸತ ಕೌಶಲ್ಯರ್ನದು

ದ ೀಹ ಶಿಮದಲ್ಲಲ ಗೌರರ್ ಭಾರ್ರ್ನದು ಉಂಟ್ದ ಮಾಡದರ್ುದದ ಒಂದದ ಭಾಗ್ವಾಯಿತ್ದ ಕ ಲ್ರ್ರಗ ಬ್ಡಗಿಯ ಕ ಲ್ಸ

ಕ ಲ್ರ್ರಗ ಬ ತ್ತದ ಕದಚಿವ ಕ ಲ್ಸ ಇತಾಯದಿ ಸಾಮಗಿಿಗ್ಳನದು ಮಾಡದರ್ ಕ ಲ್ಸ ಕ ಲ್ರ್ರಗ ಕೃರ್ಷ ಕ ಲ್ರ್ರಗ ಮಗ್ಗದ

ಕ ಲ್ಸರ್ನದು ಕಲ್ಲಸದರ್ುದದ ನವಿೀನ ಶಿಕ್ಷಣ್ದ ವ ೈಶಿಷ್ಟಿಯವಾಗಿತ್ದತ .

೨.ಶೌಂಕರಪ್ಪ ಅವರು ರಹೇಮನ್ ಬಳಿಗೆ ಸೌಂಧಾನ್ಕಾೆಗಿ ಬೌಂದ ಪ್ರಸೌಂಗವನ್ುನ ತಿಳಿಸಿ

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ಮನ ಯಿಂದ ಚಿನುದ ಸರರ್ನದು ಕದ ೂುಯಿುದು ಕರೀಮ ಹಲ್ರ್ು ರ್ಷ್ಟವಗ್ಳ ನಂತ್ರ ಊರಗ ಬ್ಂದದ ತ್ನು ಶಿಕ್ಷಕರಾದ

ಶಂಕರಪಪನರ್ರ ಬ್ಳಿ ಹ ೂೀಗಿ ನನಗ್ೂ ಹಾಗ್ೂ ನನು ತ್ಂದ ಗ್ೂ ಸಂಧಾನ ಮಾಡಿಸರ ಎಂದದ ಬ ೀಡಿಕ ೂಂಡನದ.

ಶಿಷ್ಟಯನ ಮಾತ್ದಗ್ಳನದು ಕ ೀಳಿ ಶಂಕರಪಪನರ್ರದ ಕರೀಮನ ತ್ಂದ ಅಬ್ದುಲ್ ರಹೀಮನ ೂಡನ ಸದಮಾರದ ಒಂದದ

ಗ್ಂಟ ಗ್ಳ ಕಾಲ್ ಗ ೂೀಗ್ರ ದರೂ, ನಿವ ೀದಿಸದರದ,ತ್ಕ್ತವಸದರದ, ಚಚಿವಸದರದ ಆದರ ಸಂಧಾನರ್ು

ವಿಫಲ್ವಾಯಿತ್ದ. ರಹೀಮ ಯಾರ್ ಮಾತ್ನೂು ಕ ೀಳುರ್ ಸಾತಿಯಲ್ಲಲ ಇರಲ್ಲಲ್ಲ . ಕರೀಮನದ ತ್ಂದಿದು ಚಿನುದ ಸರ

ಮತ್ದತ ಹತ್ದತ ಸಾವಿರ ರೂಪಾಯಿಗ್ಳನದು ವಾಪಸದಸ ತ ಗ ದದಕ ೂಂಡದ ಹಂದಿರದಗಿದನದ.

III. ಎೌಂಟು ಹತುತ ವಾಕಯಗಳಲಿ್ಲ ಉತತರಿಸಿ.

೧. ಕರಿೇಮನ್ು ಧನ್ವೌಂತನಾದ ಬಗೆ ಹೆೇಗೆ ವಿವರಿಸಿ.

ಮಗ್ಗದ ಸಾಹ ೀಬ್ನ ಂದ ೀಹ ಸರಾದ ಅಬ್ದುಲ್ ರಹೀಮನ ಮಗ್ ಕರೀಮ್ ಮಗ್ಗದಲ್ಲಲ ಬ್ಹಳ ಆಸಕ್ತತ ಹ ೂಂದಿದದು

ಇದರಂದ ಕ ೂೀಪಗ ೂಂಡ ಆತ್ನ ತ್ಂದ ಆತ್ನನದು ಶಾಲ ಯಿಂದಲ ೀ ಬಿಡಿಸದುರದ. ಇದರಂದ ಬ ೀಸರವಾದ

ಕರೀಮನದಮನ ಬಿಟ್ದಿ ಹ ೂೀದ ನಂತ್ರ ಕರೀಮನದ ಸಣ್ಣ ಪಾಿಯದಲ ಲೀ ಮಗ್ಗದ ಸಹಕಾರ ಸಂಘವಂದನದು

ಸಾಾಪ್ರಸ ಅದರ ಅಧಯಕ್ಷನಾದ ಕರೀಮನಿಗ ಮಗ್ಗದ ಕ ಲ್ಸದಲ್ಲಲ ಸಾಕಷ್ಟದಿ ಆಸಕ್ತತ ಇದಿುದುರಂದ ಸಾಕಷ್ಟದಿಯಶಸಾಯೂ

ಧನರ್ಂತ್ನದ ಆದನದ. ಅಲ್ಲದ ಮಗ್ಗದ ಯಂತ್ಿದ ಪಿಯೀಗ್ದಲ್ಲಲ ಹ ೂಸ ಹ ೂಸ ಸದಧಾರಣ ಗ್ಳನದು ತ್ಂದದ

ಪರರ್ತ್ವನ ಗ್ಳನದು ಮಾಡಿದದು ಇದಕಾಕಗಿ ಕರೀಮನಿಗ ರಾಷ್ಟರಪತಿಯರ್ರಂದ ಪದಾಭೂಷ್ಟಣ್ ಪಿಶಸತಯೂ

ಲ್ಭಿಸತ್ದತ ಹೀಗ ಕರ ಮಾತ್ನದು ಸಾಂತ್ ಪರಶಿಮದಿಂದ ಧನರ್ಂತ್ನಾದನದ.

೨.ರಹೇಮನಿಗೆ ಮಗಗದ ಬಗೆಗ ದೆವೇರ್ ಉೌಂಟಾಗಲು ಕಾರಣವೆೇನ್ು?

ರಹೀಮನಿಗ ಮಗ್ಗದ ಸಾಹ ೀಬ್ ಎಂದರ ಬ್ಹಳ ಸಟ್ದಿ ಬ್ರದತಿತತ್ದತ ಏಕ ಂದರ ಅರ್ರ ಅಜಜನ ಕಾಲ್ದಲ್ಲಲ ಬಿಿಟ್ಟಷ್ಟರದ

ಅಗ್ಗದ ವಿಲಾಯತಿ ಮಿಲ್ಲಲನ ಬ್ಟ ಿಗ್ಳನದು ನಮಾ ದ ೀಶದಲ್ಲಲ ಹ ೀರಬಿಟ್ಿರದ. ಅವ ೀನದ ನಿಜಕೂಕ ನಿಕೃಷ್ಟಿ ರ್ಸದತಗ್ಳು

ಒಂದದ ರ್ಷ್ಟವದ ೂಳಗ ಕಳ ೀಬ್ರಗ್ಳಾಗಿ ಹರಕದ ಚಿಂದಿಯಾಗ್ದರ್ರ್ು.ಅರ್ುಗ್ಳ ಬ್ಣ್ಣರ್ೂ ಒಂದ ೀ

ತಿಂಗ್ಳಲ್ಲಲವಿರ್ಣ್ವವಾಗಿ ಎರಡ ೀ ತಿಂಗ್ಳಲ್ಲಲ ಮಾಯವಾಗ್ದರ್ರ್ು ಆದರ ೀನದ ಬ್ಹದ ಅಗ್ಗ ಜನರಗ ಬ ೀಕಾದದದದ

ಅಗ್ಗದ ರ್ಸದತಗ್ಳು,ಗ್ದಣ್ರ್ನದು ಯಾರದ ಕ ೀಳುತಾತರ ? ಅಗ್ಗದ ರ್ಸದತಗ್ಳದ ುೀ ಆಧಿಪತ್ಯವಾಯಿತ್ದ ಮಗ್ಗದರ್ರದ

ಭಿಕಾರಗ್ಳಾದರದ ಅರ್ರ ಅನುಕ ಕ ಸಂಚಕಾರ ಉಂಟಾಯಿತ್ದ ಇದರಂದ ರಹೀಮನಿಗ ಮಗ್ಗದ ಮೀಲ ದ ಾೀಷ್ಟ

ಉಂಟಾಯಿತ್ದ .

lV. ಸೌಂದರ್ಯ ಸಹತ ಸಾವರಸಯವನ್ುನ ಬರೆಯಿರಿ.

೧. ಅಗಗವಲಿ ಕೊರಳಿಗೆ ಹಗಗ

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ಈ ವಾಕಯರ್ನದು ಬಾಗ್ಲ ೂೀಡಿ ದ ೀರ್ರಾಯ ಅರ್ರ ಸಮಗ್ಿ ಕಥ ಗ್ಳು ಕಥಾ ಸಂಕಲ್ನದಿಂದ ಆಯದು ಮಗ್ಗದ

ಸಾಹ ೀಬ್ ಗ್ದಯದಿಂದ ಆರಸಕ ೂಳಳಲಾಗಿದ .

ಈ ಮಾತ್ನದು ಮಗ್ಗದ ಸಾಹ ೀಬ್ರ ಂದ ೀ ಹ ಸರಾದ ಅಬ್ದುಲ್ ರಹೀಂ ಹ ೀಳಿದಾುನ . ಜನರ ಲ್ಲ ರಹೀಮನನದು ಮಗ್ಗದ

ಸಾಹ ೀಬ್ ಎಂದದ ಕರ ಯದತಿತದುರದ. ಆದರ ರಹೀಂನಿಗ ಮಗ್ಗದ ಬ್ಗ ಗ ದ ಾೀಷ್ಟ ಇದು ಕಾರಣ್ ಆ ಮಾತ್ದ ಕ ೀಳಿದಾಗ್

ಬ್ಹಳ ಸಟ್ದಿ ಬ್ರದತಿತತ್ದತ. ಆ ಕ್ಷಣ್ದಲ್ಲಲ ರಹೀಮನದಕ ೂೀಪದಿಂದ ಜನರಗ ಅನಿಷ್ಟಿ ಮಗ್ಗದ ಹ ಸರ ತ್ತಬ ೀಡಿ

ಮಗ್ಗರ್ಲ್ಲಕ ೂರಳಿಗ ಹಗ್ಗ ಎಂದದ ರ ೂೀಷ್ಟದಿಂದ ಹ ೀಳುತಿತದುನದ.

೨.ಕಳಳನಾದವನ್ು ಮನೆ ಬಿಟುೂ ಓಡಿ ಹೊೇದವನ್ು ಮಗನೆೇ ಅಲಿ.

ಈ ಮಾತ್ನದು ರಹೀಮನ ಹ ೀಳಿದನದ ಶಾಲ ಯ ವಾರ್ಷವಕ ೂೀತ್ಸರ್ದಂದದ ಕರೀಮನದ ತ್ನು ತಾಯಿಯಿಂದ

ಅಲ್ಂಕಾರಕ ಕಂದದಪಡ ದ ಚಿನುದ ಸರರ್ನದು ತ ಗ ದದಕ ೂಂಡದಹ ೂೀದರ್ನದ ಪುನಃ ಹಂದಿರದಗಿ ಬ್ರಲ ೀ ಇಲ್ಲ ಈ

ವಿಷ್ಟಯ ತಿಳಿದ ರಹೀಮನ ಕ ೂೀಪದಿಂದ ಮಗ್ನನದು ಶಪ್ರಸದತಾತ ಈ ಮೀಲ್ಲನಂತ ಹ ೀಳುತಾತನ .

೩.ನಿಮಮ ಹಳೆರ್ ಶಿರ್ಯನಿಗೆ ಇದೊೌಂದು ಉಪ್ಕಾರ ಮಾಡಿ

ಈ ಮಾತ್ನದು ಕರೀಮನದ ತ್ನು ಗ್ದರದಗ್ಳಾದ ಶಂಕರಪಪನರ್ರ ಬ್ಳಿ ಕ ೀಳಿದನದ ಮಗ್ಗದ ಮೀಲ್ಲನ ಪ್ರಿೀತಿಯಿಂದ

ಮನ ಬಿಟ್ದಿ ಓಡಿ ಹ ೂೀದ ಕರೀಮನದಕ ಲ್ರ್ು ರ್ಷ್ಟವಗ್ಳ ನಂತ್ರ ಮನ ಗ ಬ್ಂದಾಗ್ ಆತ್ನ ತ್ಂದ ಮನ ಗ

ಸ ೀರಸಲ್ಲಲ್ಲ ಆಗ್ ಕರೀಮನದ ತ್ನು ಗ್ದರದಗ್ಳಾದ ಶಂಕರಪಪನರ್ರ ಬ್ಳಿ ಹ ೂೀಗಿ ಸಂಧಾನ ಮಾಡಿಸರ ಎಂದದ

ಕ ೀಳುರ್ ಸಂದಭವದಲ್ಲಲ ಈ ಮಾತ್ದ ಬ್ಂದಿದ .

೪.ದೆೇವರು ದೊಡಡವನ್ು ದೆೇವರು ದಯಾಳು

ಈ ಮಾತ್ನದು ಮಗ್ಗದ ಸಾಹ ೀಬ್ನಾದ ರಹೀಮನದ ಹ ೀಳಿದಾುನ ಕರೀಮನಿಗ ಪದಾಭೂಷ್ಟಣ್ ಪಿಶಸತಯನದು

ರಾಷ್ಟರಪತಿಗ್ಳು ನಿೀಡಿರದರ್ ವಿಷ್ಟಯರ್ನದು ವಾತಾವ ಪತಿಿಕ ಯ ಮೂಲ್ಕ ನ ೂೀಡಿದ ಶಂಕರಪಪನರ್ರದ ರಹೀಮನ

ಮನ ಗ ಬ್ಂದದ ತಿಳಿಸದಾಗ್ ಕರೀಂ! ನನು ಕರೀಂ! ಸಾಹ ೀಬ್ ಬ್ಹಾದೂುಗಿವಂತ್ಲ್ೂ ಮೀಲಾದನ ಎಂದದ

ಹ ೂಗ್ಳುರ್ ಸಂದಭವದಲ್ಲಲ ಈ ಮೀಲ್ಲನಂತ ಹ ೀಳುತಾತನ .

Download your textbook from www.ktbs.kar.nic.in

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Soundarya School Academic year 2020-21

I Language - English

Chapter 1: The Heavenly Parasol

Class: VIII

Teacher’s name: Mrs. Mahadevamma

Instructions:

Books to be maintaind

1) King size 200 pages-(1) for class work

2) King size 200 pages (1) for home work

3) King size 100 pages(1) for UT

4) King size 100 pages(1) for Grammar

5) King size 100 pages unruled(1)for activity.

Students please note that your class work must be updated regularly. Start each lesson with the date name of the lesson and the lesson number. First write the glossary then continue the question and answers All the new type questions must be written along with the answers Closure lines must be drawn after each question and answer

COMPREHENSION:

A. ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS:

1) Amritaprabha was the beautiful Princess of Pragjyotisha

2) When Amruthaprabha came of age, her father held a swayam varato

enable her to choose her husband.

3) Meghavahana was the great grandson of a former king of Kashmir.

4) As the couple moved forward to seek the King’s blessings, the priest of

the court cried out in surprise that the Parasol of Varuna had cast its

shadow over the Prince.

5) The Parasol belonged to Varuna, The Lord of the Seas.

It was a beautiful, dazzling white parasol with exquisite decorations.It

castits shadow on none else but a sovereign of the whole world. The person

was destined for glory and brilliance. The parasol had the powers to quell

the calamities in the land.

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6) Meghavahana returned to Kashmir with his bride and the divine

Parasol. Upon his return the ministers of Kashmir sought him out and

offered the throne to him. They told him that they were dissatisfied with

their present ruler as he had devoted himself to a life of prayer and had

neglected the affairs of the kingdom. The people of the kingdom were

suffering because of this. Hence they wanted Meghavahana who was brave

and noble to be their king.

7) When Meghavahana became the king of Kashmir he proclaimed the law

against killing of living beings.

8) The island of Lanka was a land of demons and they had to be taught the

ways of peace. Hence he wanted to conquer Lanka.

9) When Meghavahana ran towards the woods he came to a clearing.

Before him was a temple of Chandika.

Some sought of human sacrifice was in progress on the steps of a temple.

A man lay on the ground, his arms raised for mercy, and a menacing-

looking Barbarian stood over him, brandishing his sword.

10) The Barbarian was a leader of the troops that lived in the woods. His

little son had fallen prey to some disease and was on his deathbed. He felt

that if he sacrificed the man the gods would be pleased with him and save

his son’s life.

11) Meghavahana had imposed a law against killing of living beings in his

kingdom. When he saw a sacrifice in progress and also heard about the

barbarian’ sailing son’s plight he decided to save both their lives. He did so

by offering his body in sacrifice to Chandika. He ordered the barbarian to

kill him so that the two people would be saved.

12) When Meghavahana decided to offer his body in sacrifice to Chandika.

He ordered the barbarian to kill him, but the barbarian stepped back in

fear refused to so. The king used his own sword and was about to strike

himself, when to his surprise his head was covered with divine flowers of

exquisite colors and perfume , someone held back his arm. When he

turned around in surprise he saw a person of heavenly appearance. It

wasVaruna, the lord of the seas how had come to reclaim his parasol.

II) READ THE EXTRACTS AND ANSWER THE QUESTIONS GIVEN.

1) a) The king said this.

b) it was said toMeghavahana

c) When Meghavahana and his bride moved forward to seek the

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blessings of the king,the priest of the court cried out that the Parasol

of Varunahad cast its shadow over the prince.Meghavahana look up

in surprise wondering at the meaning of these words. The king

explained the uniqueness of the parasol.

2) a. This was a by Meghavahana

b. This was said to the barbarian.

c. Thebarbarian was ready to sacrifice the life of a man in order to save

his son's life.Meghavahana was very angry with the Barbarian for going

against the law he had passed.The law was against the killing of living

beings.

3) a. This was said by Meghavahana.

b. The listener here is the barbarian.

c. In order to save the life of the victim and the barbarian’s son.

Meghavahana was ready to sacrifice his own life. He ordered the

barbarian to kill him but, the barbarian refused to do so. Hence

Meghavahana decided to strike himself.

III. Prepositions

1) down, under.

2) Over

3) For

4) From

5) Up, on

6) At

7) Into

8) From, to

9) At, in

10) Through

VI. Dictionary use.

1) Dermatologist

2) Ophthalmologist

3) Pediatrician

4) Orthopaedician

5) Psychologist

6) Cardiologist

7) Psychiatrist

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8) Physiotherapist

9) Obstetrician

10) Gynecologist

VII.Homophones

1) Hear, here

2) Some, sum

3) Lakhs , lacks

4) Seized, ceased

5) Know, no

X. Adjectives

1) composed

2) selfish

3) cunning

4) meticulous

5) passionate

I) B) COMPREHENSION

Paragraph answers.

1)Meghavahanawas the great grandson of the former king of Kashmir.

Amrita Prabha was the beautiful princess of Pragjyotisha. Meghavahana

attended her swayamvara like many other suitors who had heard the tales

of the Amritaprabha's beauty. Amrita Prabha chose Meghavahana as her

husband. The couple moved forward to seek the blessings of the king. As

the king step down to bless the couple, the priest of the court cried out

that the Parasol of Varuna had cast its shadow over the

prince.Meghavahana looked up in surprise to see a beautiful dazzling

white parasol with exquisite decorations casting its shadow over him. The

king explained that the heavenly parasol had chosen Meghavahana and he

was destined to become the sovereign of the whole world and also for glory

and brilliance. Thus Meghavahana won over the princess and also the

heavenly parasol.

2)Varuna, The Lord of the seas had come to reclaim his parasol that was

carried away by Bhauma(AmruthaPrabha’s grandfather). He created an

illusion to test Meghavahana’s nobility of mind. Once while on an

expedition near the sea Meghavahana was resting in the shade of some

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Palm trees near the sea. All of a sudden, he heard a cry from the nearby

woods. In agitation, he ran towards the woods plunging through the

undergrowth, he fought his way till he came to clearing. He saw a temple of

Chandika with some sort of human sacrifice in progress on the steps.A

man was lying on the ground his arms raised for mercy and abarbarian

stood over him brandishing his sword. When Meghavahana tried to stop

the Barbarian he was told that he was killing the man in order to save his

son's life. The Barbarian further went on to explain that his son had fallen

prey to some disease and was on his deathbed. He felt that if he sacrificed

the man the Gods would be pleased with him and save his son's life.

Meghavahana who had imposed a law against killing of living beings in his

kingdom wanted to save the lives of the victim and the barbarian’s son. He

decided to sacrifice his own life and asked the Barbarian to strike him with

his sword, but the Barbarian stepped back in fear refusing to do

so.Meghavahana decided to strike himself ,when he was about to do so, he

was covered with divine flowers of exquisitecolours and perfume, and

someone held back his arm. It was lord Varuna who had created the

illusion and had come to reclaim his parasol and test Meghavahana’s

nobility of mind.

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Poem 1: BENJAMIN JONES GOES SWIMMING

By- Aileeen Fischer

Class: VIII

Teacher’s name: Mrs. Mahadevamma

Instructions:

Books to be maintaind

1) King size 200 pages-(1) for class work

2) King size 200 pages (1) for home work

3) King size 100 pages(1) for UT

4) King size 100 pages(1) for Grammar

5) King size 100 pages unruled(1)for activity.

Students please note that your class work must be updated regularly. Start each lesson with the date name of the lesson and the lesson number. First write the glossary then continue the question and answers All the new type questions must be written along with the answers Closure lines must be drawn after each question and answer

COMPREHENSION

I ) Answer the following questions in two or three sentences each.

1) One day Benjamin Jones told his wife that he would like to

participate (compete) in the free-for- all -meet that was to be held on

the 4th of July .He told her that he would surely win the competition

if he tries.

2) When Benjamin Jones announced that he would compete in the free-

for- all -meet swimming competition, his wife was shocked .She tried

to discourage him by saying that it was a foolish decision because he

had not gone swimming for many years. She told him that the other

competitors were expert swimmers, he would surely be the last in the

race and that would embarrass her.

3) Benjamin participated in the swimming competition on the 4th of

July. When the contest began the other swimmers who were experts

tossed Benjamin from right to left as his pace was very slow. The poet

very humorously narrates that his pace was so slow that a crab saw

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his toe and wanted to venture a bite. Benjamin noticed the crab

trying to catch hold of his toe, he couldn’t bear the thought of his toe

in the claws of his foe. He started to swim like a swimmer possessed.

Benjamin took a lead in the race and won the competition.

4) “Where there is a will there is a way”. This poem teaches us that if

you make up our mind for something nothing can stop us. We can

overcome all the obstacles only with strong determination.

Luck favours the Brave/foolish

Appreciation

1) The poem is in style of a satire

Note-Satire is used in many works of literature to show foolishness or

vice in humans, organizations or even governments. It uses sarcasm,

ridicule or irony.

II) Appreciate the following expressions in three or four sentences

each.

a) This line is taken from the poem ‘Benjamin Jones goes swimming' by

Aileen Fischer. This line was told by Benjamin’s wife when he

announced that he would compete in the free for all meet. His wife was

not happy with the announcement and discouraged him by telling that

he would surely lose the race because he hadn’t gone swimming for

years and there were other experts in the competition. She also told him

that she would be embarrassed if he lost the race.

b) This line is taken from the poem ‘Benjamin Jones goes swimming ‘by

Aileen Fischer.

This line was told by the poetess who describes the incident in a

humorous manner. She tells us that Benjamin swam so slowly that all

the other swimmers tossed him fromfrom their left to right. She tells us

that his pace was so slow that even a crab could see his toe and catch

hold of it. The poetess uses the above line to describe Benjamin’s slow

pace.

c) This line is taken from the poem ‘Benjamin Jones goes swimming' by

Aileen Fischer.

In the beginning of the competition Benjamin’s pace was very slow that

even a crab wanted to get hold of his toe. When he noticed the crab

trying to catch hold of his toe, he was very scared .The very thought of

his toe in the claws of his foe, made him swim like a possessed man.

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Benjamin swam so fast that he took the lead in the race and won the

race. His wife, who was watching the competition was so shocked that

she fell into the lake with a splash.

III) FILL IN THE BLANKS

1) He would compete in the free for all meet.

2) Swimming

3) He had not gone swimming for years.

4) The start of the race

5) The 4th of july

6) The other swimmers, his pace was very slow

7) His pace was very slow

8) He swam like a swimmer possessed

9) She was shocked to see Benjamin win the race.

B. Rhyming words

1) John ,Tones

2)compete, meet

3) word, absurd

4) July , try

5) fast , last

6) came , acclaim

7) Galore, shore

8) pace, race

9) right , bite

10) slow, toe

11) crab , grab

12) dash, splash.

C. Write the summary of the poem in about 20 sentences.

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Soundarya School

Academic year 2020-21

II Language English

Prose:1 - A Day in the Ashram (-C.F. Andrews)

Class: VIII

Teacher’s name: Mrs. Jayashree C

Note:

Maintain a 200 pages ruled notebook for class work and 100 pages ruled

notebook for the assignments/Homework Write legibly.

I. Answer the following questions:

1) Who named the School Shantiniketan?

Ans: Gurudev, (Rabindranath Tagore) named the School Shantiniketan.

2) When does the day in Shantiniketan begin?

Ans: The day in Shantiniketan begins long before the sunrise.

3) What istermed byGurudev as,‘the darling of our hearts’?

Ans: Shantinikethan is termed as darling of our hearts by Gurudev, (Rabindranath

Tagore)

4) Which phrase is used in paragraph 1 means‘both the old the young people’?

Ans: The Phrase ‘old and young alike’ is the phrase used to mean both young and

old people.

5) The boys in Shantiniketan get up early in the morning. Who else are the early risers?

Ans: The Choristers and the birds on the amloki groves are early risers.

II. Answer the following questions:

1) What kind ofwork do the boys practice in the afternoon?

Ans: In the afternoon boys practice the work chiefly with hands as well as with the

mind. Handwork is practiced.

2) What are Shantinikethan boys famous for?

Ans: Shantinikethan boys are famous everywhere for their sports and games.

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3) How do the boys spend their evenings before they go to bed?

Ans: Before they go to bed some fairy tales are told, short dramas are recited

Gurudeva's songs are sung and different school gatherings are held.

4) Read the second Paragraph carefully. What it describes?

Ans: (b) the song of the choristers.

III. Answer the following in 4 to 5 sentences:

1) What is the effect of the song of the choristers on the listeners?

Ans:The Choristers are the first to rise and they go round the Ashram singing their

morning and evening hymn, we can hear the voices in distance drawing nearer and

nearer and then the sound dies away as choir passes on to another part of the Ashram

and then again it comes nearer and near. The beauty of the sound in the silent

morning air and the sense of joy and reverence which it brings give peace to the soul.

2) How are the classes held in the afternoon in Shantiniketan?

Ans: In the afternoon classes begin again at 2 O’ Clock but at this time the work is

chiefly with hands as well as mind. Handiwork is practiced and the boys own natural

tastes are very soon discovered. Some prefer carpentry others prefer mechanical work

others enjoy spinning and weaving others become skilled in draftsman or painter’s

other are musicians.

3) How do the boys spend their eveningsin Shantiniketan?

Ans:School is over at about 4 o’clock and then there is a rush to get into the field to

play Football. Shantiniketan boys are famous for their sports and games. In the

evening at sunset they return from the field and sit down once more for a short time

to meditate, in silence.

4) How are the classes at Shantiniketan different from the classes in other schools?

Ans:Shantiniketan is a school which imparts living education.There are no larger

classes and the boys sit with their teachers under the tress.The classes consist of only

8 to 10 boys, who sit around their teacher asking questions. Very few books are used

and learning is carried on through conversation. The boys interact with their teachers

in an easy and in interesting way.

5) How does Shantiniketan prepare the boys for life?

Ans:The boys at Shantiniketan follow their own natural tastes along with education

they learn now to open out their difficulties through interaction session. The teachers

answer to their questions eagerly and thus the boys of Shantiniketan lead a life of

happiness in the Ashram they learn through living education and are prepared to face

a good life outside the school.

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The writer has used the phrase ‘living education’ to describethe experience in

Shantiniketan. Some features ofeducation are given below. Classify them into the

categoriesof ‘living education’ and ‘unimaginative instruction’.

Living Education Unimaginative instruction

e.g. Open discussion e.g. Punishing learners

Meditating Memorizing,

Learning outside in nature dictating notes,

students asking questions to teacher students passively listening

experimenting bookish learning

creative thinking

identifying students’ natural taste

Memorizing, meditating, punishing learners, learning outside in nature, dictating notes,

open discussion, students asking questions toteachers, students passively listening,

experimenting, creative thinking, identifying students’ natural taste, bookish learning.

Vocabulary:

V1: Observe the use of nearer and nearer in the following example:

Eg: You can hear the voices in the distance, drawing nearer and nearer [near]

Fill in the blanks in each of the following sentence with the help of the clues given in

brackets.

1. When you blow air into a balloon it becomes bigger and bigger [big]

2. As the train approaches the station, the sound of its whistle becomes louder and

louder [loud]

3. If you practice harder and harder, you will feel more and more [much] confident to

solve the problems.

4. Man has been constructing taller and taller [tall] buildings in the cities.

5. As you move away from a tree it looks smaller and smaller [small]

V2: Fill in the blanks using some and others.

e.g. Some prefer carpentry, others prefer mechanical work.

1. You can see shining objects in the sky at night. Some of them are planets, others are

stars.

2. There are many fruits in the basket. Some of them are mangoes others are bananas.

3. After the bell, some boys went out to play, others went home.

4. There are a few books on the table. Some of them are textbooks, others are not.

5. Some of the apples in the basket are good. Others are bad.

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V3: Fill in the blanks choosing the appropriate words from the words given in

brackets.

Last week [week, weak] I went to a shop to buy [by, buy] a pair of trousers. I bought

one and returned home. When I tried to wear [wear, ware] it, I found that it was rather

loose [loose, lose]. So I went to the shop in fury. But the shopkeeper was out. So I had

to wait [wait, weight] for half an hour. When he returned. I shouted at him, “See, how

big it is. It fits an elephant”. He replied coolly looking at my potbelly, “Therefore we

offered it to you, Sir”.

V4: Fill in the blanks using the antonyms of the words underlined.

1. Krishna was a rich king, while his friend was a poor man.

2. Madanika is tall but her brother is short .

3. Radhika is strong but her sister is weak .

4. Silk is soft iron is hard .

5. I can remember stories but forget lessons.

V5: Classify the following into prefixes and suffixes:

re, less, ful, mis, non, anti, ment, able, ish, in, ex, ion, ship, multi,

sub, ive. One example for each is given.

V6: Fill in the blanks with the appropriate prefixes choosing from theones given

above:

1. The school re-opens on June 1.

2. Manish eats meat. He is a non-vegetarian.

3. Terrorists are anti-social.

4. Bakra Nangal is a multi-purpose project.

5. Plastic chairs are in-expensive.

V7. Fill in the blanks with appropriate suffixes choosing from the ones given above

[V5]:

1. He was comfortable in his seat on the train.

2. He was acting in a very childishway.

3. She looked at her reflection in the mirror.

4. India has won the Championship at Sharjah.

5. The rate of employment in India has been rising steadily.

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ಸ ೌಂದರ್ಯಶಾಲೆ ಶೆೈಕ್ಷಣಿಕ ವರ್ಯ ೨೦೨೦-೨೦೨೧

ವಿರ್ರ್ : ತೃತಿೇರ್ ಭಾಷೆ ಕನ್ನಡ

ತರಗತಿ ಕಾರ್ಯ : Poem 1- ಕಾಮನ್ಬಿಲುಿ ಕಮಾನ್ು ಕಟ್ಟೂದೆ

ತರಗತಿ : ಎೌಂಟು

ಶಿಕ್ಷಕರು : Mrs. Gowramma

Note:

Copy notes in 200 pages notebook. Assignment in 100 pages notebook

ಸೂಚನೆ :

ಕವಿ ಪರಿಚಯ , ಪದಗಳ ಅರ್ಥ , ಒಂದು ವಾಕಯದ ಪರಶ್ನೆಗಳು ವಾಯಕರಣ ಸಂಬಂಧಿತ

ಪರಶ್ನೆಗಳುಭಾಷಾ ಅಭಾಯಸ ಹಾಗೂ ಬಿಟ್ಟ ಸಥಳ ಎಲ್ಾಾ ಒಂದು ಅಂಕದ ಪರಶ್ನೆಗಳಿಗನ ಸವತಃ ನೀವನೀ

ಉತತರಿಸಿ.

I. ಈ ಕ ಳಗಿನ ಪಿಶ ುಗ್ಳಿಗ ಮೂರದ ನಾಲ್ದಕ ವಾಕಯಗ್ಳಲ್ಲಲ ಉತ್ತರಸ .

1. ಕಾಮನಬಿಲ್ದಲ ಕಂದಮಾಗ್ಳಿಗ ಹ ೀಗ ಸಂತ್ಸರ್ನದು ಉಂಟ್ದ ಮಾಡಿದ ?

ಉತ್ತರ: ಕಾಮನಬಿಲ್ದಲ ಮಳ ಗಾಲ್ದಲ್ಲಲ ಆಕಾಶದಲ್ಲಲ ಕಂಡದ ಬ್ರದರ್ ಒಂದದ ಸದಂದರವಾದ

ದೃಶಯ.ಅಧವ ಚಂದಾಿಕೃತಿಯಲ್ಲಲ ಮೂಡಿಬ್ರದರ್ ಕಾಮನಬಿಲ್ದಲ ಏಳು ಬ್ಣ್ಣಗ್ಳಿಂದ ಕೂಡಿದದು ಎಲ್ಲರನದು

ಆಕರ್ಷವಸದತ್ತದ .ಮಕಕಳು ಈ ಸದಂದರವಾದ ದೃಶಯರ್ನದು ನ ೂೀಡಿ ತ್ಮಾ ಅಳುರ್ನದು ನಿಲ್ಲಲಸ ಅತ್ಯಂತ್

ಸಂತ ೂೀಷ್ಟ ಪಡದರ್ರ್ರದ.

2. ಕದವ ಂಪುರರ್ರದ ಕಾಮನಬಿಲ್ಲಲನ ಸ ೂಬ್ಗ್ನದು ಹ ೀಗ ರ್ರ್ಣವಸದಾುರ ?

ಉತ್ತರ: ಕಾಮನಬಿಲ್ದಲ ಏಳು ಬ್ಣ್ಣಗ್ಳಿಂದ ತ ೂೀರಣ್ರ್ನದು ಕಟ್ಟಿದ , ಭೂಮಿಗ ಬಾನಿಗ

ಸ ೀತ್ದವ ಯಾಗಿದ . ತ ಂಗಿನ ತ ೂೀಟ್ದ ಬ್ದಡದಿಂದ ಮೂಡಿ ಬ್ಂದಿರದರ್ಂತ ಕಾಣ್ದರ್ ಕಾಮನಬಿಲ್ದಲ

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ಆಕಾಶದ ತ್ತರಕ ಕ ಬ ಳ ದದಕ ೂಂಡಿದ .ಕಾಮನ ಬಿಲ್ದಲ ಮಕಕಳಿಗ ಓಕದಳಿ ಯಾಟ್ರ್ನದು ಆಡಿಸದ . ಹೀಗ

ಕದವ ಂಪು ರರ್ರದ ಕಾಮನಬಿಲ್ಲಲನ ಸ ೂಬ್ಗ್ನದು ರ್ರ್ಣವಸದಾುರ .

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III Language - Hindi

Class: VIII

Teacher’s name: Mrs. Soniya Singh

Note:


notebook for the assignments/Homework. Write legibly.

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General Science – Biology

Chapter 1: Crop Production and Management

Class: VIII

Teacher’s name: Mrs. Bharthi Suhas

Note:

Maintain a 200 pages ruled notebook for (chemistry/biology) class work

and 100 pages ruled notebook for the assignments/Homework

(chemistry/biology). Write legibly.

I. Select the correct word from the following list and fill in the blanks

with the correct word: (float, water, crop, nutrients, preparation)

1. The same kind of plants grown and cultivated on a large scale at a place

is called _____________.

2. The first step before growing crops is _____________ of the soil.

3. Damaged seeds would _____________ on top of water.

4. For growing a crop, sufficient sunlight and _____________ and

_____________ from the soil are essential.

Answer:

1. Crop 2. Preparation 3. Float 4.water and

nutrients

II. Match items in column A with those in column B.

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Answer: i-e, ii- d, iii- b, iv- c

Question3: Give two examples of kharif crop and rabi crop

Answer:

Kharif crop includes paddy, maize, soybeans, groundnut, cotton, etc. Rabi

crops include Wheat, gram, pea, mustard, etc.

Question 4: Write a paragraph in your own words on each of the

following:

(i) Preparation of soil (ii) Sowing (iii) Weeding (iv)

Threshing

Answer:

(i) Preparation of soil

For good crops, soil preparation is a very necessary step which includes

ploughing and levelling. Ploughing of soil is very necessary for

germination of seeds and growth of crops.

It is important because:

(a) loose soil helps roots to penetrate deep into the soil. It helps the

plants to fix strongly.

(b) loose soil particles have more space that helps the roots to breathe

easily.

(c) loose soil mixes with manures and fertilizers more easily.

(d) loose soil promotes the growth of useful soil microbes, which helps

to add humus to the soil.

(e) loose soil can hold water for a longer period.

(f) It helps to uproot weeds from the soil easily.

Levelling is important because:

(a) In a field, small mud pieces called crumbs are left after ploughing.

They should be levelled by using leveller.

(b) It prevents soil erosion and prevents soil from being blown away

easily by the wind.

(c) Levelling also helps the soil to take water easily.

Sowing

Sowing is the most important part of crop production. When the soil is

ready, the farmers sow the seeds. It is the process of putting the seeds in

proper depth in the soil. Good quality seeds are clean and healthy seeds of

a good variety. Seeds can be sown by seed drill or manually.

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Weeding

Weed is any plant that grows wild and forcefully, especially among

cultivated plants. Weeds are unwanted plants. These unwanted plants

compete with the main crop plants for nutrients and space. For example:

Amaranthus (Chaulai), Chenopodium (Bathua) with the main crop plants.

Weeds can be removed by using weedicides. The process of removing the

weeds from the crop field is called weeding.

Threshing

After harvesting, threshing is done. It is the process of loosening the seeds

from the husk and straw. In olden times, this was done by beating the

grains with sticks or some other objects.

Question5: Explain how fertilizers are different from manures.

Answer:

Fertilizes are different from manure in the following aspects. They are

• Fertilizers are manmade inorganic salt prepared in factories.

• Fertilizers do not provide any humus to the soil.

• Fertilizers are very rich plant nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus

and potassium

• Example: Urea, Ammonium sulphate, Super phosphate, Potash,

NPK(Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium)

• Manure on the other hand is:

• A natural substance obtained by the decomposition of cattle dung

and plant residues

• It is prepared in the field and provides lot of humus to the soil.

• Manure is relatively less rich in plant nutrients

• Example: Natural organic manure, Biofertilizers, Vermi compost.

Question 6: What is Irrigation? Describe two methods of irrigation

which conserve water.

Answer:

The process of watering the crops is called irrigation.

The two methods of irrigation that conserves water include:

i. Sprinkler irrigation system:

• This system is used in uneven land where less water is available.

• It consists of perpendicular pipes with rotating nozzlesat the top.

• These pipes are joined to the main pipeline at regular intervals.

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• Water is allowed to flow through the main pipe under pressure which

escapes from the rotating nozzles.

• In this way water gets sprinkled on the crops.

ii. Drip irrigation system

• This system is used in order to save water as it allows the water to

flow drop by drop at the roots of the crop plants

• It is the best technique for watering fruit plants, gardens and trees.

• In this system water is not wasted at all.

Question 7: If wheat is sown in the kharif season, what would happen?

Discuss

Answer:

Wheat is a rabi crop, grown in winter season. Hence, it requires cold

climatic conditions to be grown properly. It does not require too much

water for its growth. If wheat is sown in kharif season, the crop may wilt as

it cannot tolerate excess water. Therefore, wheat should not be sown in the

kharif season

Question 8 : Explain how soil gets affected by the continuous

plantation of crops in a field.

Answer:

If there is a continuous plantation of crops in the field the soil will lack

nutrients and the soil will become poor in nutrients and minerals. As we

know plant require nutrients for their growth and development. When there is

continuous plantation the nutrients in the soil will reduce and the crop yield

will also reduce.

Question 9: What are weeds? How cam we control them?

Answer:

Undesirable plants that grow naturally along with the crop are

called weeds. Removal of weeds is called Weeding.

We can control weeds by:

• Tilling before sowing of crops (to uproot and kill weeds),

• Manually removing them using khurpi to uproot them or cut them close

to the ground,

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• Spraying weedicides (chemicals that kill weeds but do not damage

crops), such as 2, 4 Dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2, 4-D), Naphthalene

acetic acid, and Atrazine.

Question 10:Arrange the following boxes in proper order to make a

flow chart of

sugarcane crop production.

ANSWER

1. Preparation of soil.

2. Ploughing the field.

3. Sowing.

4. Irrigation.

5. Manuring.

6. Harvesting

Question 11.Complete the following word puzzle with the help of clues

given below.

Down:

1. Providing water to the crops.

2. Keeping crop grains for a long time under proper conditions.

5. Certain plants of the same kind grown on a large scale.

Across

3. A machine used for cutting the matured crop.

4. A rabi crop that is also one of the pulses.

6. A process of separating the grain from chaff.

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Answer:

Down

1. IRRIGATION

2. STORAGE

5. CROP

Across

3. HARVESTER

5. GRAM

6. WINNOWING

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Social Science - History

Chapter -1: Sources

Class: VIII

Teacher’s name: Mrs. Seema Devi

Note:



Answer the following questions:

1. What is History?

Ans: History is the systematic study of the past.

2. What is the basis on which the history is written?

Ans: History is written on the basis of sources

3.How do historians write history?

Ans: Historians collect the sources, subject them to critical examination,

analysis and then write the history.

4. Why do historians make assumptions while writing history?

Ans:Historians need to make assumptions on the available sources if they

don't

get primary sources while writing history.

5. What are the types of literary sources?

Ans:Written literature and Oral Literature.

6. What are the 2 types of written literature?

Ans: Native literature and Foreign Literature.

7.What is Native literature? Give examples.

Ans: Literature created by Indian writers in Indian languages is known as

native literature.

Examples:

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Kautilya: Arthashastra

Vishakadatta: Mudrarakshasa

Hala: Gathasapthasathi

Kalhana: Rajatharangini

Banabhatta: Harshacharitha

Chand Bardayi: PrithvirajaRaso

Pampa: Vikramarjunavijaya

Ashwagosha: Buddha charita

Tamil poetry: Sangam literature

8. What does the native literary sources help us to know?

Ans: The native literary sources help us to know the contemporary social,

economic, political & religious life.

9. What is Foreign Literature? Give examples

Ans: The foreign travellers/ ambassadors who visited India and recorded

their observations in their works and it is called Foreign Literature

Examples:

Megasthanes: Indica

Fa-heins: Gho- kho- ki

Hieun Tsang: Si- yu- ki

Ptolemy: Geography

Ferishta: Tarikh-i-Ferishta

Babur: Tuzk-e-Babari

10. What are the drawbacks of literary sources?

Ans: Native literature: Exaggeration

Hyperbole

Loyalty to one’smaster

Foreign literature: Many misgivings are recorded due to lack of

knowledge

11. What is Oral Literature? Give examples

Ans: Human beings are passing on their experiences in the form of story,

songs, ballads orally from generation to generation

Ex: Ballads on SangoliRayanna, Kittur Rani Chennamma ,Kumararamathe

Nayakas of Chitradurga,Kempegowda, SindhooraLaxamana

12. What are Legends? Give examples

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Ans: Local mythological stories related to the name of a particular

village/town/ place. Ex: Bengaluru,Shravanabelagola,Gokarna

13. What are Archaeological Sources?

Ans: It is basically the material evidences like historical buildings

(monuments),coins,inscription and other remains that gives

information of past.

14. What is Excavation?

Ans: The hidden things in the depth of the earth are dug out by the

Archaeologist by using scientific method is known as Excavation

15.What is Inscription?

Ans:Inscription means engraved writing on rock,stone, metal,terracotta or

ivory.

16. Which is the most reliable source to write history?

Ans: Inscription is the most reliable source, as they have direct relation

with the events.

17. Name the earliest inscription available in India.

Ans:Ashoka’s Inscription is the earliest inscription available in India and is

written in Brahmi script, Prakrit language

18. Mention the Important Inscriptions and the rulers who had made it

Ans:

Allahabad pillar- Samudragupta

Aihole inscription- Pulakeshi II

Hathigumpa- Kharavela

Uttarameruru- Cholas

19. What is Numismatics?

Ans: Scientific study of origin,nature and development of coin is

Numismatics.

20. How does coins help us in the study of past?

Ans:Coins are helpful in understanding

• The geographical extent of the kingdom of the ruler.

• Language of administration

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• Titles of the king

• Religion and economic conditions of that time.

• Metal technology in vogue of the kingdom at that time.

20. What aspect does monuments throw light on? Explain with

examples.

Ans: Monuments like Palaces, temples, forts and pillars throw light on the

Contemporary religious aspects, technology, scientific knowledge,

economic growth and creativity of that period.

• Mehruli iron pillar&Golgumbus shows Maturity of science

and technical knowledge

• Tajmahal tells Shajahan’s love

• Chittorvijayashambh commemorates victory of Ranakumbh

• Elephanta, Ellora, Ajantha narrate the mastery over painting &

sculpture

• Aihole & Pattadakkalu explains the evolution of Indian temple

architecture

• Nalanda & Madrasa built byGawan narrate importance given to

education

• Srirangapatna fort explains the accomplishment in defence

technology

21. Where do we find Buddhist stupas in Karnataka

Ans: Buddhist stupas in Karnataka were found in Sannathi – Yadagiri

and Rajaghatta Doddaballapur

22. For what purpose does Carbon -14 dating procedure is used?

Ans: Carbon -14 dating procedure is used to estimate the age of biological

fossils.

23. How do we find the age of fossils using Carbon -14 dating procedure?

Ans: At the time of death of a living being C-12 &C-14 will be present in

equal amount

• After death C-12 remain constant and C-14 starts losing its volume.

• C-14 loses half of its volume by 5700 years

• so, by estimating the levels of C-12 & C-14 we can estimate the ageof

fossil.

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Social Science - History

Chapter -2: Geographical features and pre-Historic India

Class: VIII

Teacher’s name: Mrs. Seema Devi

Note:



Answer the following questions:

1. Where is India located?

Ans: India is a sub-continent which lies in the southern part of

Asiancontinent.

2. What is a peninsula?

Ans:Peninsula is a land form, three sides surrounded by water and one

side land.

3. Which are the neighbouring countries that shares its land boundaries

with India?

Ans: The neighbouring countries that shares its land boundaries

With India are Pakistan, Afghanistan, China, Bhutan, Bangladesh,

Myanmar, Nepal.

4. How many states and union territories are there in India at present? &

Name the capital city.

Ans: India consists of 28 states and 9 union territories

Delhi is the national capital of India.

5. Describe the geographical features of India.

Ans: India’s geographical features comprise of

• The Himalayan mountains,

• The Indo-Gangetic plain in the North,

• The Peninsular Plateau (Deccan &Malwa),

• The Coastal region in the South.

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6. Explain the role of Himalayas in Indian History.

Ans: The snow-capped mountains in the North include some of the tallest

mountain peaks in the world.

• They help to preserve the safety and security of India.

• There have been very few intrusions on ancient India from the

northern Himalayan region.

• The attacks have been mainly from the north- western side through

the valleys of Bolan and Khyber passes.

7. Write a short note on Indo-Gangetic plain.

Ans: The flat Indo-Gangetic plains are extremely fertile.

• The ancient civilizations of Indus Valley and Vedic period flourished

here.

• Many battles have been fought from time to time to establish control

over this area.

• The dynasties that established control over this fertile Gangetic plain

also established empires.

8. Name the river that separates India into two plateaus.

Ans: The Narmada river separates India into two - Malwa plateauor Central

Highlands and the Deccan Plateau, in the south.

9. Which are the dynasties that ruled the plateaus of ancient India.?

Ans: The Mauryas and the Guptas ruled these two areas of ancient India.

10. Write a short note on The Indian coastline

Ans: The Indian coastline is vast and stretches over 6,100 km.

• The eastern coastline is called the Coromandel Coast,

• The western coastline is referred as Konkan and Malabar coast.

• The numerous ports on this coastline had attracted the Romans from

time immemorial for trade.

11. What is meant by the Pre- Historic age?

Ans: The period before the discovery of the art of writing is calledthe

Prehistoric age.We do not find evidence of the linguistic development

or the use of script.

12. Who is an Archaeologist?

Ans: The scholars who study the Prehistoric period are

calledArchaeologists.

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13. What are the purpose for which stone tools were used?

Ans: Human beings in the pre-historic age used stone tools

• To peel the skin and separate the flesh and bones of animals.

• To scrape the bark of trees.

• To cut fruits and roots.

• To create handles out of bones and wood, and using them like spears

and arrows, hunted animals.

• They used stones as axes to chop down trees and cut them up into

logs

14. How did human beings live in the pre-historic age?

Ans: In the pre-historic age, man was a nomad

• They indulged in hunting and food-gathering.

• Probably they used tools made of stone, wood and bones.

15. Where did the Pre-historic man live in India?

Ans: The relics of the hunting and food-gathering humans are available in

Bimbetka, Hunasagi and Kurnool in India.

16. What is an Industrial or Residential site?

Ans: Heaps of broken rock or stone-chips obtained during the creation of

implements are found in some areas.

• It is assumed that people lived for a long time in these places.

• Such places are called by archaeologists as industrial

sites/residential sites.

17. From where did we get the sign of ashes?

Ans: Signs of ashes have been obtained in the caves of Kurnool.

18. How did pre historic man use fire?

Ans: Fire was used for various purposes.

• To cook food.

• To light and heat.

• To frighten/scare away animals.

19. What was the theme of drawings found in caves?

Ans: The theme of drawings found in caves were beautiful drawings ofwild

animals and hunting.

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20. Where can we find the cave drawings in India?

Ans: Cave-drawings can be seen in Madhya Pradesh,Uttar Pradesh and

Karnataka.

21. How did animal husbandry and dairying start?

Ans: 12,000 years ago a major change took place in the Earth’s

environment.

• The Earth’s temperature began to gradually increase

• This led to the development of grasslands in many places.

• Birds and animals began to multiply in unprecedented numbers.

• Animals like deer, elks, goats, sheep and others prospered in these

grasslands.

• Human began to observe their nature, food habits and the way these

animals multiplied.

• They captured some of these animals and brought them up.

• Like this animal husbandry and dairying started.

22. How did farming start?

Ans: Human beings noticed in the meantime that some grass bearing

grains had grown naturally.

• They learnt to use them as food.

• Gradually they learnt to grow cereals like rice, Wheat and Barley

obtained from such plants.

• Thus, the farming started.

23. What do you mean by Stone Age?

Ans: Theage that prevailed 2 million years ago is the oldest age and is

called the Old Stone Age

24. The different periods of pre-history have been given various names by

archaeologists. What are they?

Ans: Stone age is divided into 3 -

Old stone age (12,000 years ago)

Middle stone age (12,000 to 10,000) years

New stone age (began after 10,000) years

and

The old stone age has 3 sub division-

Early old stone age

Middle old stone age

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Late old stone age

25. What are the features of middle stone age?

Ans: The tools of Middle stone age period are generally very small and

hence they are called delicate stone tools.

• They used to fix these stone tools with handles made out of wood and

bones.

• They used those tools as axes and saws.

26. Write a short note on New stone age

Ans: New Stone Age began after 10,000 years.

• These tools were bright and had sharp edges.

• People of this age used grinding stones for grinding leaves and herbs

and grains and cereals.

• Pots were used for storing grains.

• They were also used for cooking rice, wheat and other grains and

cereals.

• People of this age had learnt to weave cloth.

ಸ ೌಂದರ್ಯಶಾಲೆ - soundarya school...heavenly parasol. 2)varuna, the lord of the...

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