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Nagarjuna Sagar Dam

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Nagarjuna Sagar Dam

NagarjunaSagarDam.JPGNagarjuna Sagar Dam

� నగ ఆనకట

Location of Nagarjuna Sagar Dam

Official name

� నగ ఆనకట

Nagarjuna Sagar

Dam

LocationNalgonda district,Telangana

Coordinates

16°34′32″N 79°18′42″E /

16.57556°N

79.31167°ECoordinates:

16°34′32″N 79°18′42″E /

16.57556°N 79.31167°E

Construction began 10 December 1955

Opening date 1967Construction cost 1300 crore rupees

Dam and spillways

Impounds Krishna River

Height124 metres (407 ft)from river level

Length1,550 metres(5,085 ft)

Reservoir

CreatesNagarjuna SagarReservoir

Total capacity 11,560,000,000 m3

(9,371,845 acre·ft)

Active capacity 5,440,000,000 m3

(4,410,280 acre·ft)[1]

Nagarjuna Sagar Dam islocated in India

NagarjunaSagarDam

arjuna Sagar Dam - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nagarjuna_Saga

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Catchment area

215,000 squarekilometres(83,000 sq mi)

Surface area 285 km2 (110 sq mi)

Power station

Commission date 1978-1985

Turbines

1 x 110 MW(150,000 hp) Francisturbines, 7 x100.8 MW(135,200 hp)reversible Francisturbines

Installed capacity 816 MW(1,094,000 hp)

Nagarjuna Sagar Dam is the world's largest masonry dam. It was built on theKrishna River at Nagarjuna Sagar in Nalgonda district of Telangana state, India. Theconstruction duration of the dam was between the years of 1955 and 1967. The damcreated a water reservoir whose capacity is 11,472,000,000 cubic metres

(4.051 ×1011 cu ft). The dam is 490 feet (150 m) tall and 0.99 miles (1.6 km) long

with 26 gates which are 42 feet (13 m) wide and 45 feet (14 m) tall.[2] NagarjunaSagar was the earliest in the series of large infrastructure projects initiated for theGreen Revolution in India; it also is one of the earliest multi-purpose irrigation andhydro-electric projects in India. The dam provides irrigation water to the Nalgonda,

Prakasam, Khammam, Krishna and Guntur districts along with electric power to thenational grid.

Contents

1 History2 Data3 Effect of the project4 Power generation5 Tapping dead storage potential

6 See also7 Notes8 References9 External links

History[edit]

The proposal to construct a dam to use the excess waters of the Krishna river wasplanned by the British Engineers in 1903 to irrigate Guntur. Since then, various




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competing sites in Siddeswaram, Hyderabad and Pulichintala were identified as themost suitable locations for the reservoirs. The perseverance of the Raja VasireddyRamagopala Krishna Maheswar Prasad (Raja of Muktyala) who donated 55000 acresof his land and fifty five million Brtish Pounds in wealth paved way for the site

identification, design and construction of the dam.[3][4][5] Nagarjunasagar was theearliest in the series of "modern temples" taken up to usher in the Green Revolution

in India.[4] The dam was built with local know how under the able engineering

leadership of K.L. Rao.

Project construction was officially inaugurated by Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehruon 10 December 1955 and proceeded for the next twelve years. The reservoir waterwas released into the left and right bank canals by Prime Minister Indira Gandhi in

1967.[6] Construction of the hydropower plant followed, with generation increasingbetween 1978 and 1985, as additional units came into service.

Foundation stone of Nagarjuna Sagar

The construction of the dam submerged an ancient Buddhist settlement,Nagarjunakonda, which was the capital of the Ikshvaku dynasty in the 1st and 2ndcenturies, the successors of the Satavahanas in the Eastern Deccan. Excavations herehad yielded 30 Buddhist monasteries, as well as art works and inscriptions of greathistorical importance. In advance of the reservoir's flooding, monuments were dug upand relocated. Some were moved to Nagarjuna's Hill, now an island in the middle of

the reservoir. Others were moved to the mainland.[7]

Data[edit]

Catchment Area : 215,000 km2 (83,000 sq mi)Location of dam : Nalgonda District and GunturReservoir

-+Water spread area at FRL of dam : 285 km2

Masonry damSpillway of dam : 471 mNon-over flow dam : 979 mLength of Masonry dam : 1450 m

Maximum height : 125 mCapacity in TMC's : 157.61Earth dam

Total Length of Earth dam : 3414 mMaximum height : 128 m

Power GenerationPower Units : 1 No. conventional (110 MW capacity), 7 nos Reversible (100MW capacity)

Canal power houseRight side : 3 units 30 MW (each)




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Left side : 2 units 30 MW (each)[8]

Effect of the project[edit]

Nagarjuna Left CanalNagarjuna Sagar right EarthDam

The project benefited farmers in the districts of Nalgonda, Guntur, Krishna, Prakasamand Khammam. The right canal (Jawahar canal) is 203 km (126 mi) long and irrigates

1.113 million acres (4,500 km2) of land. The left canal (Lalbahadur Shastri canal) is

295 km (183 mi) long and irrigates 0.32 million acres (1,300 km2) of land in Nalgondaand Khammam districts of Telangana region. The project transformed the economy of above districts. 52 villages were submersed in water and 24000 people were affected.

The relocation of the people was completed by 2007.[5]

Power generation[edit]

The hydroelectric plant has a power generation capacity of 815.6 MW with 8 units(1x110 MW+7x100.8 MW). First unit was commissioned on 7 March 1978 and 8thunit on 24 December 1985. The right canal plant has a power generation capacity of 90 megawatts (120,000 hp)with 3 units of30 megawatts (40,000 hp) each. The leftcanal plant has a power generation capacity of 60 megawatts (80,000 hp) with 2 units

of 30 MW each.[9] The tail pond is under advanced stage of construction to put to usethe pumped storage features of 7x100.8 MW units.

Many times, it happens that power generation from the 150 MW canal based units isnot optimised when the Nagarjunasagar reservoir is overflowing on its spillway and very less water is required for irrigation from the canals during the monsoon floods.Power generation from canal based hydro units can be optimised by running theseunits during the flooding period by releasing the water fully in to the canals. Theunwanted canal water can be released in to the natural stream when it is crossing themajor stream. Thus run off power can be generated from the water going downunutilised in to the river by the canal based power units also.

Also, the water level in the Nagarjunasagar reservoir shall be maintained above the

minimum level required for these units in most of the time by releasing water fromthe upstream Srisailam reservoir to optimise the power generation from the canalbased units during dry season.

Tapping dead storage potential[edit]

The left and right bank canals sill level is fixed at 490 feet (150 m) MSL to supplyirrigation water to two million acres. The unutilized storage capacity is nearly 180TMC below the canals sill/bed level. Nagarjuna Sagar reservoir also meets the




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Krishna delta water requirements to the extent of 100 TMC by letting water down

stream into the river. Nearly 1.3 million acres (5,300 km2) is irrigated under KrishnaDelta Canals. There is a possibility to utilize most of this idle dead storage capacity tostore the river flood water further and use as carry over storage. Nearly 150 TMC idlestorage up to 380 ft MSL, can be used leaving 30 TMC for silt settlement. This is

possible by installing Water Powered Pump[10] (WPP) units at the base of the dam.

WPP units are to be located at the toe of the Nagarjuna Sagar dam with tail waterlevel of 240 ft MSL on either side of the river. The WPP units can be connected below380 ft MSL level to the reservoir with the technique called under water reservoir /

lake tapping.[11] Under water lake tapping method was implemented successfully inKoyna Hydroelectric Project to install additional hydroelectric units without emptyingthe Koyna reservoir. The cost would be Rs 15 billion for utilizing 150 TMC storageadditionally. If the same storage is created under a new reservoir, it would cost notless than Rs 50 billion. Water can be supplied to high level canals at sill 580 ft MSL onboth right and left banks without consuming electricity with WPP units to irrigate drylands further in Nalgonda, Warangal, Khammam, and Guntur districts

See also[edit]

Krishna Water Disputes TribunalList of reservoirs and dams in India

Notes[edit]

^ "India: National Register of Large Dams 2009". Central Water Commission.Retrieved 7 August 2011.1.

^ "Nagarjunasagar". Archived from the original on 2007-01-24. Retrieved2007-01-25.

2.

^ "Rao, K.L., Cusecs Candidate: Memoirs of an Engineers hi, 1978, Metropolitan,p. 31"

3.

^ a b The Hindu : Magazine / Focus : Taming the Krishna4.

^ a b Welcome to APGENCO5.^ "Taming the Krishna". The Hindu (Chennai, India). 2005-12-18. Retrieved2007-01-24.

6.

^ "Nagarjunakonda". Retrieved 2007-01-25.7.^ Brief Profile of Nagarjuna Sagar Dam8.^ Andhra Pradesh Hydel Power plants9.^ Nagarjuna Sagar Water Powered pump (WPP) Units10.^ Lake tap11.

References[edit]




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www.aponline.gov.in[1]

External links[edit]

Media related to Nagarjuna Sagar Dam at Wikimedia Commons

Nagarjuna Sagar - Community Website & Photo Gallery Article on the dam in The HinduTale of Nagarjuna Sagar

v

t

e

Krishna basin

Rivers

BhadraBhimaGhataprabhaKoynaMalaprabhaMusiPaleruMunneruTungaTungabhadra

Vedavathi

GodavariRiver.png

Dams,barrages

Almatti DamBhadra damDhom DamGhataprabha JooralaKoyna DamMalaprabha

Nagarjuna Sagar DamNagarjuna Sagar tail pondNarayanpur DamOsman SagarPrakasam BarragePulichintalaRajolibanda DamSrisailam DamSunkesulaTungabhadra Dam




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Warna

Hydro power

stations

Almatti DamBhadra JooralaKanher DamKoynaMunirabadNagarjuna Sagar Dam

Nagarjuna Sagar tail pondPulichintalaRadhanagari damSrisailam DamTungabhadra Dam

Geographical

features/

regions

Marathwada

KarnatakaTelanganaCoastal AndhraKonkanDeccan PlateauWestern GhatsEastern Ghats

Riparian

districts

Maharashtra

Sangli

PuneBeedOsmanabadSolapurLaturSindhudurgRatnagiriKolhapur

Karnataka

Haveri

RaichurGulbargaBijapurBagalkotBidarUttara KannadaDharwadBellaryDakshina KannadaUdupi




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DavanagereShimogaHaveriGadagChikmagalurChitradurgaKoppal

TumkurBelgaum

Telangana

Medak WarangalKhammamNalgondaRanga ReddyMahboobnagarHyderabadKarimnagar

Andhra

Pradesh

KrishnaGunturKurnool AnanthapurPrakasam

Cities

HyderabadPune VijayawadaBagalkotKaradBallaryHubli

Ores andMinerals

Iron oreDolamite

Lime stoneGraniteGoldCoal

Oil/ gas

fieldsKrishna Godavari Basin




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Industries

Vijayawada Thermal Power StationRaichur Thermal Power Station Yeramarus Thermal Power StationSolapur Super Thermal Power StationBellary Thermal Power stationKudgi Super Thermal Power Project

Jindal steel, BellaryKudremukh IronCement plants

Transport

NH 4NH4A NH5NH 13NH14NH7

NH 18NH9NH48NH63NH 202NH204NH218NH206NH221NH234

Pollution

concerns,

River basin's

sustainable

productivity

& ecology

Algal bloom in reservoirsHigh-alkalinity of river waterCyanide pollution from gold minesNo effective flood control plan Alkali salts / high pH ash water run off from coal firedpower stationsInadequate salt export to sea leading to formation of saline/ alkali soilsExcessive exploitation of river water causinginsufficient environmental flowsCoastal land erosion due to inadequate water reachingthe Sea.Excessive silting of reservoirs due to deforestation andmining activities.Poor reservoirs management in terms of irrigationwater supply, power generation & flood control.




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Related

topicsKrishna Water Disputes Tribunal

Other river

basins

GodavariPenna

v t

e

Hydrography of Andhra Pradesh

Rivers

ChampavathiCheyyeruChitravathiGodavari

GosthaniGundlakammaKoringaKrishnaMaldeviNadariNagavaliPapagniPennerSabari

SwarnamukhiTammileruTungabhadra Vamsadhara Vedavathi

Waterfalls

Duduma WaterfallsEthipothalaKailasakonaMallela Theertham

TalakonaUbbalamadugu

LakesPulicat LakeKolleru Lake

Dams Dowleswaram Jalaput


f 15 Monday 20 October 2014 05


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Nagarjuna

PrakashamSrisailam

Ports,proposed

ports

GangavaramKakinadaKrishnapatnamRamayapatnam Visakhapatnam

Relatedtopics

Godavari basinKrishna basinPenna basin

Hydrography of

surroundingareas

Odisha

ChhattisgarhMaharashtraKarnatakaTamil NaduTelangana

v

t

e

Hydrography of Telangana

Rivers

GodavariKrishnaManerPranhitaMunneruManjiraMusiPalar

TungabhadraBhimaPengangaWardhaDindiTaliperu

Waterfalls KuntalaKaigal




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Pochera

Lakes

Himayat SagarHussain SagarLotus PondOsman SagarPakhalPalairShamirpetSaroornagarLaknavaram

Dams

Nagarjuna Sagar

SrisailamSriram SagarNizam Sagar

Singur JuralaLower Manair Dam

LMDPulichinthala YellampalliRajolibanda DamIcchampallyMajira

Relatedtopics

Godavari basinKrishna basin

Hydrography of

surroundingareas

OdishaChhattisgarhMaharashtraKarnatakaTamil Nadu Andhra Pradesh

Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nagarjuna_Sagar_Dam&oldid=629107598"Categories:

Dams completed in 1967Energy infrastructure completed in 1985 Visitor attractions in Guntur district Visitor attractions in NalgondaHydroelectric power stations in Andhra Pradesh




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Hydroelectric power stations in TelanganaDams in TelanganaNalgonda districtPumped-storage hydroelectric power stationsDams on the Krishna RiverMasonry dams1985 establishments in India

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