peranan public relation dalam menigkatkan pelayanan pada pt. pln (persero) ws2jb area muara bungo

7/23/2019 Peranan Public Relation Dalam Menigkatkan Pelayanan Pada Pt. Pln (Persero) WS2JB Area Muara Bungo

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WO]BNBN W_MLK@ ]OLBQKJN ABLBH HONKEIBQIBN

WOLB[BNBN WBAB WQ.WLN #Wo}po}j+ UP=FM

@BMBNE H_B]B M_NEJ

LBWJ]BN

W]BIQOI IO]FB LBWBNEBN

Lbwj}bn knk Akbfuibn _nqui Hohonuck Pombebk Wo}p{b}bqbn Eunb Hohwo}jloc

Eolb} W}jdopkjnbl Bclk Hba{b Akwljhb KKK Mkpnkp

JLOC

NJTB AKBNB

7;2774;40122722

W]JE]BH PQ_AK KLH_ BAHKNKPQ]BPK MKPNKP

POIJLBC QKNEEK KLH_ BAHKNKPQ]BPK #PQKB+

POQKC POQKJ H_B]B M_NEJ

QBC_N =72=


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MBM K

WONABC_L_BN

2.2 Lbqb} Molbibne Wonulkpbn

Wbab uhuhn{b pohub wo}upbcbbn mo}qufubn unqui hon`b}k lbmb pomopb}(

mopb}n{b aonebn hohmo}kibn hbndbbq mbek j}bne(j}bne {bne hohmuqucibnn{b.

Akpbhwkne kqu wo}upbcbbn fueb mo}upbcb unqui hohmo}kibn wolb{bnbn {bne

qo}mbki mbek hbp{b}bibq. Ib}onbn{b poqkbw wo}upbcbbn mo}upbcb holoneibwk

j}ebnkpbpkn{b aonebn hohbpuiibn pubqu mkabne ioablbh pq}uiqu}n{b, {bne

mo}qufubn unqui honfbak pb}bnb wonecumune bnqb}b wo}upbcbbn aonebn

wumlkin{b.

Wumlk` ]olbqkjn fueb mkbpb akpomuq Wu}ol abn ablbh mbcbpb Knajnopkb akpomuq

Cuhbp, bablbc pubqu mkabne klhu {bne mb}u abn poabne mo}iohmbne ak

Knajnopkb. Wumlk` ]olbqkjn ho}uwbibn pubqu upbcb {bne aklbiuibn jloc

wo}upbcbbn unqui hon`kwqbibn woneo}qkbn wumlki abn cumunebn {bne cb}hjnkp

bnqb}b j}ebnkpbpk, hbnbfohon aonebn wumlkin{b holbluk pubqu w}je}bh io}fb

{bne wjpkqkd aonebn qufubn unqui hohwo}jloc auiunebn ab}k wumlki bqbp ioekbqbn

wo}upbcbbn.

Pubqu wo}upbcbbn ablbh honfblbnibn ioekbqbn{b qkabi abwbq mo}ak}k ponak}k,

qoqbwk cb}up mo}cumunebn mbki aonebn wkcbi(wkcbi ak lub} wo}upbcbbn, mbki

hbp{b}bibq lubp, bqbuwun wo}upbcbbn lbkn. _nqui kqu wo}upbcbbn cb}up mo}upbcb

hon`kwqbibn cumunebn mbki aonebn lkneiunebn aklub} wo}upbcbbn.

2


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Akpknk abwbq aklkcbq wonqknen{b ioekbqbn Wumlk` ]olbqkjn ablbh pubqu

wo}upbcbbn unqui houfuaibn cumunebn {bne cb}hjnkp bnqb}b wo}upbcbbn

aonebn wumlk`. Wumlk` ]olbqkjn mo}upbcb unqui hohmo}kibn iopbn {bne

hon{onbneibn pockneeb bibn qkhmul jwknk wumlki {bne honeunquneibn mbek

iolbnepunebn ckauw wo}upbcbbn.

Wolbipbnbbn ioekbqbn Wumlk` ]olbqkjn {bne aklbiuibn ablbh pubqu

wo}upbcbbn mo}qufubn unqui hohwo}ionblibn wo}upbcbbn iowbab hbp{b}bibq

lubp. Holbluk ioekbqbn Wumlk` ]olbqkjn, hbp{b}bibq bibn honeoqbcuk iomo}babbn

wo}upbcbbn abn akcb}bwibn hbp{b}bibq bibn hohklkik wbnabnebn {bne wjpkqkd

honeonbk wo}upbcbbn qo}pomuq, pockneeb ho}oib mo}poakb honauiune ioekbqbn

{bne aklbiuibn jloc wo}upbcbbn qo}pomuq. Polbkn kqu Wumlk` ]olbqkjn fueb cb}up

honeoqbcuk poeblb popubqu {bne qo}fbak akablbh hbp{b}bibq mbki kqu honeonbk

iolucbn hbp{b}bibq qo}cbabw wolb{bnbn ab}k wo}upbcbbn, pockneeb wo}upbcbbn

abwbq hohmo}kibn won{olopbkbn hbpblbc {bne bab bqbuwun hohmo}kibn mbnqubn

iowbab hbp{b}bibq pombebk qbnab iowoaulkbn wo}upbcbbn iowbab hbp{b}bibq.

_pbcb akbqbp abwbq aklbipbnbibn jloc Wumlk` ]olbqkjn aonebn honunfuiibn

cbl(cbl {bne wjpkqkd qonqbne bwb {bne aklbiuibn abn bwb {bne ak}on`bnbibn

wo}upbcbbn. Pblbc pbqu quebp Wumlk` ]olbqkjn bablbc hohmo}kibn ioqo}bnebn abn

wonfolbpbn iowbab wumlki aonebn honeeunbibn dbiqb abn }oblkqb pockneeb wumlki

hohwo}jloc kndj}hbpk {bne monb} abn ho}bpb akkiuqpo}qbibn ablbh upbcb(upbcb

wo}upbcbbn qo}pomuq. Polbkn kqu pkibw {bne pkhwbqki, }bhbc abn ibqb(ibqb {bne

pjwbn {bne honunfuiibn wo}cbqkbn qo}cbabw iopofbcqo}bbbn hbp{b}bibq.


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Ioekbqbn Wumlk` ]olbqkjn, polbkn akqufuibn iolub} fueb akb}bcibn ioablbh

wo}upbcbbn, aonebn hbipua unqui hohjqktbpk ib}{bbn beb} hohwun{bk

pohbnebq bqbu ebk}bc io}fb {bne qkneek. Cbl knk bibn abwbq ak`bwbk fkib wkhwknbn

abwbq hohwo}cbqkibn iowonqknebn ib}{bbnn{b, mbki akqknfbu ab}k poek oijnjhk,

pjpkbl hbuwun wpkijljek, {bne mo}qufubn unqui hohwo}ionblibn wo}upbcbbn

iowbab hbp{b}bibq lubp. Holbluk ioekbqbn Wumlk` ]olbqkjn, pubqu wo}upbcbbn

abwbq hohmo}kibn wono}bnebn honeonbk ioekbqbn {bne aklbipbnbibn abn

hohmo}kqbcuibn dbpklkqbp po}qb iokpqkhobbbn bwb pbfb {bne akhklkikn{b.

Iopofbcqo}bbn abn lkneiunebn qohwbq moio}fb ib}{bbn abwbq

hohwoneb}uck biqkdkqbp wo}upbcbbn, abn hon`kwqbibn cumunebn {bne mbki abn

pqbmklkqbp {bne mbki bnqb}b popbhb ib}{bbn pockneeb abwbq hon`kwqbibn }bpb

pblkne woneo}qkbn, honecb}ebk abn hohwo}`b{bk.

Honu}uq ]uplbn #=77? 6 ?+ Wumlk` ]olbqkjn ho}uwbibn blbq hbnbfohon

unqui hon`bwbk qb}eoq qo}qonqu {bne pomoluhn{b cb}up hohwun{bk w}je}bh {bne

folbp abn qo}wo}kn k, hon`b}k dbiqb, ho}on`bnbibn, honeijhunkibpkibn ckneeb

honeotblubpk cbpkl(cbpkl bwb {bne qolbc ak`bwbkn{b. Pofblbn aonebn wo}umbcbn

vbhbn abn wo}pbknebn {bne pohbikn qbfbh akbnqb}b mo}mbebk wo}upbcbbn,

iocbak}bn Wumlk` ]olbqkjn pohbikn ak}bpbibn wonqkne ablbh pubqu j}ebnkpbpk abn

cb}up aklbipbnbibn po`b}b dunepkjnbl jloc poqkbw j}bne ablbh j}ebnkpbpk qo}pomuq.

Holkcbq moekqu wonqknen{b Wumlk` ]olbqkjn wbab pubqu j}ebnkpbpk, hbib wonulkp

bibn ho}bneiuhn{b ablbh Lbwj}bn W}biqoi io}fb Lbwbnebn #LWIL+ {bne

mo}fuaul Wo}bnbn Wumlk` ]olbqkjn ablbh Honkeibqibn Wolb{bnbn Wbab

WQ.WLN #wo}po}j+ UP=FM @bmbne Hub}b Munej


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2.= Wo}uhupbn Hbpblbc

Holkcbq lbqb} molbibne akbqbp, hbib hbpblbc {bne bibn akqolkqk ablbh

Lbwj}bn knk bablbc

Mbebkhbnb wo}bnbn Wumlk` ]olbqkjn ablbh honkneibqibn wolb{bnbn wbabWQ. WLN #Wo}po}j+ UP=FM @bmbne Hub}b Munej.

2.0 Qufubn W}biqoi Io}fb Lbwbnebn

Babwun qufubn ab}k wonolkqkbn {bne aklbiuibn jloc wonulkp bablbc6

_nqui honeoqbcuk po`b}b lbnepune cumunebn qoj}k(qoj}k {bne qolbcakwolbfb}k polbhb wo}iulkbcbn aonebn wolbipbnbbn{b ak WQ.WLN

#WO]PO]J+ UP=FM Hub}b Munej

_nqui holkcbq pofbuc hbnb wo}bnbn Wumlki ]olbqkjn {bne bab wbabWQ.WLN #WO]PO]J+ UP=FM Hub}b Munej

_nqui honeoqbcuk abn hohbcbhk powo}qk bwb wono}bwbn abn dunepk Wumlki]olbqkjn {bne aklbiuibn wbab WQ.WLN #WO]PO]J+ UP=FM Hub}b Munej

2.1 Qufubn Wohmubqbn Lbwj}bn

2. Beb} hbcbpkpb abwbq honeoqbcuk khwlohonqbpk ab}k qoj}k {bne qolbcakabwbqibn akhbqb iulkbc aonebn iobabbn {bne bab aklbwbnebn.

=. Holbqkc hbcbpkpb beb} abwqb moio}fb ablbh ioljhwji *knpqbnpkwoho}knqbc,aunkb upbcb bqbu knpqbnpk {bne qo}ibkq akmkabne klhu woneoqbcubn


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abn poiblkeup hohmo}k b}bn woho`bcbn hbpblbc {bne akcbabwk aonebn

mo}abpb}ibn wjqonpk hbcbpkpb.

0.Hohwo}pkbwibn hbcbpkpb honfbak qonbeb io}fb {bne qo}bhwkl wono}up

wohmbneunbn {bne honecb{bqk wo}hbpblbcbn {bne akcbabwk hbp{b}bibq abn

molbfb} honbneeulbnek hbpblbc qo}pomuq po`b}b w}behbqkp abn qo}wbau.

1. Honaoibqibn wo}eu}ubn qkneek iowbab ioljhwji hbp{b}bibq * knpqbnpkwoho}knqbc bqbu aunkb upbcb abn knpqbnpk knpqbnpk {bne qo}ibkq aonebn

mkabne ioqoinkibn popubk aonebn qufubn wohmbneunbn.

?. Hohk`u hbcbpkpb unqui moio}fb wbab mkabne iobclkbn.4. Hohwo}pkbwibn ibao}ibao} hbp{b}bibq,icupun{b mkabne ioqoinkibn.5. Honfbakibn hbcbpkpb lomkc mo}iow}kmbakbn {bne lomkc aobpb abn

honbhmbc bbpbn {bne akhklkik.

3. Pombebk p{b}bq hon{olopbkibn Quebp Bick}.

2.? Hbndbbq W}biqoi Io}fb Lbwbnebn

Bab momo}bwb hbndbbq {bne abwbq akbhmkl ab}k wolbipbnbbn io}fb w}biqoi knk

mbki mbek hbcbpkpb wo}eu}ubn qkneek hbuwun wo}upbcbbn.

2.?.2. Mbek hbcbpkpb

b+ Holbqkc hbcbpkpb beb} abwbq moio}fb io}bp, mo}qbneeunefbbm abnmo}akpkwlkn.


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m+ Honabwbq klhu woneoqbcubn {bne mb}u, honeonbk wonejwo}bpkbnhopkn hopkn wbm}ki pq}uiqu} j}ebnkpbpk,wohbpb}bn abn pjpkbl

qo}cbabw lkneiunebn.

`+ Beb} hbcbpkpb abwbq honeoqbcuk lomkc lbnfuq qonqbne wo}hbpblbcbnwo}upbcbbn {bne qo}ibkq aonebn wonejwo}obpkpbn abn klhu klhu

wo}hopknbn pockneeb abwbq akfbakibn wklkcbn unqui wonebhmklbn fuaul

wbab quebp Bick} nbnqkn{b.

2.?.= Mbek wo}eu}ubn qkneek

b+ Honabwbqibn hbpuibn honeonbk klhu klhu {ne mb}u {bne abwbqakfbakibn lbnabpbn wo}mbkibn iu}kiuluh beb} hbqb iulkbc {bne

akbfb}ibn popubk aunkb io}fb.

m+ Honkneibqibn io}fb pbhb bnqb}b wo}eu}ubn qkneek aonebn wo}upbcbbn.

2.?.0 Mbek Knpqbnpk Qo}ibkq

b+ Wo}upbcbbn abwbq hohmo}kibn woneoqbcubn honeonbk pq}uiqu} io}fb{bne pqbnab}q pubqu wo}upbcbbn mbek hbcbpkpb pombebk eono}bpk

{bne bibn abqbne.

m+ Abwbq mo}wb}qkpkwbpk ablbh wohmbeunbn klhu woneoqbcubn.

2.4 Hoqjao Wonolkqkbn

Ablbh won{upunbn pi}kwpk hknj} knk wonulkp mo}upbcb hohmubq

Lbwj}bn Wonolkqkbn mo}pkdbq klhkbc aonebn honeeunbibn momo}bwb hoqjao.


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Hoqjao wonolkqkbn abwbq akb}qkibn pombebk pubqu ioekbqbn woneuhwulbn abqb

po`b}b klhkbc mo}abpb}ibn wonebhbqbn abn wonolkqkbn dbiqb. _nqui

hohwo}jloc abqb {bne akwo}luibn, ablbh pi}kwpk hknj} knk wonulkp

hono}bwibn hoqjao mo}abpb}ibn 6

2.4.2 Abqb

b. Abqb W}kho}

Abqb W}kho} ho}uwbibn abqb {bne akwo}jloc lbnepune ab}k puhmo}

wonolkqkbn {bne mo}cumunebn aonebn hbpblbc {bne akqolkqk.

m. Abqb Poiunao}

Abqb Poiunao} bablbc abqb {bne akwo}jloc aonebn `b}b pquak

iowupqbibbn, {bkqu aonebn `b}b wonolbbcbn muiu, b}pkw, `bqbqbn qo}qulkp

{bne mo}ionbbn aonebn hbpblbc(hbpblbc {bne akqoklqk {bne mo}bpbbl

ab}k wo}wupqbibbn abn ajiuhon {bne akwo}jloc ab}k qohwbq wonolkqkbn.

2.4.=. Qoicnki Woneuhwulbn Abqb

Qoicnki woneuhwulbn abqb qo}ak}k ab}k6

b. Wonolkqkbn Poqolbc #Lkm}b}{ ]opob}`c+

Wonolkqkbn {bne aklbiuibn aonebn hon`b}k qoj}k ab}k puhmo} lkqo}bqu}

#abdqb} mb`bbn*muiu(muiu qoip+, pu}bq ibmb}, hbfblbc, po}qb qulkppbn

lbkn{b {bne mo}cumunebn aonebn kpk pi}kwpk hknj} knk.

m. Wonolkqkbn Lbwbnebn #Dkola ]opob}`c+

Wonolkqkbn {bne aklbiuibn po`b}b lbnepune io jmfoi {bne akqolkqk.

Ablbh cbl knk WQ.WLN #WO]PO]J+ UP=FM @bmbne Hub}b Munej

ioekbqbn {bne aklbiuibn aonebn bbn`b}b aonebn wkhwknbn,


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ib}{bbn {bne mo}ijhwoqon unqui kqu, po}qb holbiuibn jmpo}tbpk

eunb hohmbnakneibn cbpkl {bne akwo}jloc ab}k jmpo}tbpk.

2.4.0. Hoqjao Bnblkpb

b. Hoqjao Aopi}kwqkd

[bkqu pubqu hoqjao wonolkqkbn {bne aklbiuibn unqui honebnblkpkp,

honbdpk}ibn, honeilbpkdkibpkibn abn honeknqo}w}opqbpkibn abqb

pockneeb abwbq hohmo}kibn ebhmb}bn uhuh honeonbk wo}upbcbbn

{bne akqolkqk.

m. Hoqjao Aoauiqkd

[bkqu pubqu hoqjao {bne aklbiuibn aonebn `b}b honebhmkl

iopkhwulbn ablbh u}bkbn bqbu cbl(cbl {bne uhuh honfbak u}bkbn {bne

mo}pkdbq icupup mo}uwb iopkhwulbn honeonbk abqb(abqb {bne akqolkqk

pockneeb hohmo}kibn pb}bn(pb}bn abn hbpuibn mbek WQ. WLN

#Wo}po}j+ UP=FM @bmbne Hub}b Munej


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MBM KK

EBHMB]BN _H_H WO]_PBCBBN

=.2 Pofb}bc Wo}upbcbbn

WQ. WLN #Wo}po}j+ @bmbne Hub}b Munej bablbc Mbabn _pbcb Hklki

Noeb}b {bne mo}eo}bi akmkabne fbpb ioqonbeblkpq}kibn {bne klb{bc io}fbn{b

holkwuqk Ibmuwbqon Hub}b Munej, Qomj, Ho}bnekn abn Pb}jlbneun.

Ioqonbeblkpq}kibn ak Knajnopkb akhulbk wbab bick} bmba io(2; wbab pbbq

momo}bwb wo}upbcbbn Molbnab bnqb}b lbkn 6 wbm}ki eulb abn wbm}ki qoc honak}kibn

wohmbneikq lkpq}ki unqui iowo}lubn ponak}k, ioqonbeblkpq}kibn unqui iohbndbbqbn

uhuh hulbk bab wbab pbbq wo}upbcbbn pbpqb Molbnab {bkqu NT. NKEN {bne

pohulb mo}eo}bi ak mkabne ebp hohwo}lubp upbcbn{b ak mkabne won{oakbbn

qonbeb lkpq}ki. Wbab qbcun 2;=5 Woho}knqbc Molbnab hohmonqui Lbnap

Ubqo}i}b`cq Moa}kfton #LUM+ {bkqu wo}upbcbbn lkpq}ki Noeb}b {bne honeoljlb

WLQB Wlonebn, WLQB Lbhbfbn, WLQB Moneiji Abej, WLQB _m}ue abn I}b`bi

ak Fbb Mb}bq, WLQB Ek}knebn ak Hbakun, WLQB Qop ak Moneiulu, WLQB Qjnpob

Lbhb ak Pulbopk _qb}b abn WLQ_ ak Fbib}qb, polbkn kqu ak momo}bwb Ijqbw}bfb

akmonqui wo}upbcbbn(wo}upbcbbn lkpq}ki Ijqbw}bfb.

Aonebn hon{o}bcn{b Woho}knqbc Molbnab iowbab Fowbne ablbh Wo}bne

Aunkb KK hbib Knajnopkb akiubpbk Fowbne, jloc ib}onb kqu wo}upbcbbn lkpq}ki abn

ebp {bne bab abn pohub wo}pjnkl ablbh wo}upbcbbn lkpq}ki qo}pomuq akbhmkl blkc

jloc j}bne(j}bne Fowbne, wbab wo}qonebcbn Beupqup 2;1? akqbnabk aonebn =

;


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iofbakbn wonqkne qo}cbabw pofb}bc mbnepb knk abn wo}upbcbbn lkq}ki, {bkqu wbab

qbneebl 21 Beupqup 2;1? Fowbne hon{o}bc qbnwb p{b}bq iowbab poiuqu abn wbab

qbneebl 25 Beupqup 2;1? Mbnepb Knajnopkb hohw}jilbhbpkibn ioho}aoibbn{b,

hjhonquh knk akhbndbbqibn aonebn mbki jloc wohuab abn mu}uc lkpq}ki abn ebp

unqui honebhmkl blkc wo}upbcbbn(wo}upbcbbn lkpq}ki abn ebp {bne akiubpbk jloc

Fowbne.

Poqolbc mo}cbpkl ho}omuq wo}upbcbbn lkpq}ki abn ebp ab}k qbnebn ioiubpbbn

Fowbne, iohuakbn wab Mulbn Powqohmo} 2;1? pubqu aoloebpk mu}uc* woebbk

lkpq}ki abn ebp honecbabw Wkhwknbn INK Wupbq {bne wbab biqu kqu akioqubk

jloc H}. Ibphbn Pknejakhoafj unqui holbwj}ibn cbpkl wo}fubnebn ho}oib,

polbnfuqn{b aoloebpk mo}pbhb(pbhb aonebn Wkhwknbn INK Wupbq honecbabw

W}opkaon Pjoib}nj unqui hon{o}bcibn wo}upbcbbn(wo}upbcbbn lkpq}ki abn ebp

iowbab Woho}knqbc ]owumlki Knajnopkb, won{o}bcbn qo}pomuq akqo}khb jloc

W}opkaon Pjoib}nj abn iohuakbn aonebn wonoqbwbn woho}knqbc Nj. 2 qbcun

2;1? qo}qbneebl =5 Jiqjmo} 2;1? akmonquilbc Fbbqbn Lkpq}ki abn Ebp akmbbc

Aowb}qohon Woio}fbbn _huh.

Pofb}bc ioqonbeblkpq}kibn honeblbhk wbpbne pu}uq pofblbn aonebn wbpbne

pu}uqn{b wo}fubnebn mbnepb, qbneebl =5 Jiqjmo} 2;1? iohuakbn akionbl pombebk

cb}k lkpq}ki abn ebp, cb}k qo}pomuq akwo}knebqk unqui wo}qbhb iblk wbab qbneebl =5

Jiqjmo} 2;14, mo}qohwbq ak eoaune Mbabn Woio}fb Ijhkqo Nbpkjnbl Knajnopkb

Wupbq #MWINKW+ [je{bib}qb.

Aonebn babn{b Be}opk Molbnab K abn KK, pombekbn mopb} wo}upbcbbn(

wo}upbcbbn lkpq}ki akiubpbk iohmblk jloc Woho}knqbc Molbnab bqbu wohklkin{b


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pohulb, woebbk(woebbk {bne qkabi hbu moio}fbpbhb iohuakbn honeunepk abn

honeebmuneibn ak}k wbab ibqj}(ibnqj} Fbbqbn Lkpq}ki abn Ebp ak abo}bc(abo}bc

]owumlki Knajnopkb {bne muibn abo}bc wonauauibn Molbnab unqui hono}upibn

wo}fubnebn. Polbnfuqn{b, akiolub}ibn akiolub}ibn Iowuqupbn W}opkaon ]K njhj}

240 qbneebl 70 Jiqjmo} 2;?0 qonqbne Nbpkjnblkpbpk Wo}upbcbbn Lkpq}ki hklki

mbnepb bpkne ak Knajnopkb fkib biqu ijnpopkn{b cbmkp.

Pofblbn aonebn honkneibqn{b wo}fubnebn Mbnepb Knajnopkb unqui

hohmombpibn K}kbn Mb}bq ab}k `onei}bhbn wonfbfbc Molbnab, hbib akiolub}ibn

_nabne(_nabne Njhj} 34 Qbcun 2;?3 qo}qbneebl =5 Aopohmo} 2;?3 qonqbne

nbpkjnblkpbpk pohub wo}upbcbbn Molbnab abn Wo}bqu}bn Woho}knqbc Njhj} 23

Qbcun 2;?3 qonqbne Nbpkjnblkpbpk polu}uc bppoq(bpoq wonkneeblbn `jljnkbl,

Woneupbcb Wo}upbcbbn(Wo}upbcbbn Lkpq}ki abn Ebp #W0LE+ mo}umbc monqui

iowohklkibnn{b. Abn mo}abpb}ibn unabne(unabne woho}knqbc nj.2; qbcun 2;47

po}qb unabne(unabne nj.45 qbcun 2;42, W0LE knk mo}umbc honfbak Mbabn

Wkhwknbn _huh Wo}upbcbbn Lkpq}ki Noeb}b #MW_(WLN+ {bne honeoljlb pohub

wo}upbcbbn lkpq}ki abn ebp. MW_(WLN bick}n{b ak}umbc honfbak Wo}upbcbbn

Lkpq}ki Noeb}b abn Wo}upbcbbn Ebp Noeb}b.

Mo}abpb}ibn Iowuqupbn Honqo}k Woio}fbbn _huh abn Qonbeb Lkpq}ki

njhj} =0?*IWQP*2;5? qbneebl 07 Powqohmo} 2;5? Wo}knebqbn Cb}k Lkpq}ki abn

Ebp akebmune aonebn Cb}k Iombiqkbn Woio}fbbn _huh abn Qonbeb Lkpq}ki {bne

fbquc wbab qbneebl 70 Aopohmo}, honeknebq wonqknen{b pohbnebq abn nklbk(nklbk

cb}k lkpq}ki, hbib mo}abpb}ibn Iowuqupbn Honqo}k Wo}qbhmbnebn abn Ono}ek


13/48

2=

njhj} 2201.I*10.WO*2;;= qbneebl 02 Beupqup 2;;= akqoqbwibnlbc qbneebl =5

Jiqjmo} pombebk Cb}k Lkpq}ki Nbpkjnbl.

_nqui honecbabwk qbnqbnebn {bne akblbhk, WLN {bne qbakn{b mo}monqui

Wo}upbcbbn _huh wbab qbcun 2;;1,mo}abpb}ibn wo}bqu}bn woho}knqbc nj.=0

mo}umbc honfbak Wo}upbcbbn Wo}po}jbn WQ.WLN #Wo}po}j+ abn fueb pombebk

WI_I #Wohoebne Iubpb _pbcb Ioqonbeblkpq}kibn+ ablbh hon{oakbibn lkpq}ki

mbek iowonqknebn uhuh ckneeb poib}bne.

WQ.WLN #Wo}po}j+ @bmbne Hub}b Munej akak}kibn wbab qbcun =77;, {bne

ho}uwbibn wohkpbcbn 1 unkq ]bnqkne ab}k @bmbne Fbhmk {bkqu ]bnqkne Hub}b

Munej, ]bnqkne Mbneij, ]bnqkne Pb}jlbneun abn ]bnqkne Qomj {bne

mo}blbhbqibn ak Fl.Pulqbn Qcbcb Hub}b Munej. Wbab wo}qonebcbn qbcun =77;

akmonqui ]bnqkne ]khmj Mufbne, pockneeb WQ. WLN #Wo}po}j+ @bmbne Munej

hohklkik ? unkq ]bnqkne bpucbn.

=.= Pq}uiqu} J}ebnkpbpk WQ. WLN #Wo}po}j+ UP=FM @bmbne Hub}b

Munej

J}ebnkpbpk ho}uwbibn babc*iuhwulbn j}bne(j}bne {bne moio}fb pbhb

unqui hon`bwbk qufubn. _nqui hon`kwqbibn io}fb pbhb {bne mbki, hbib

akwo}luibn pubqu pqu}iqu} j}ebnkpbpk {bne mbki. Honu}uq Ibab}hbn #=772 6 =?+,

wonej}ebnkpbpkbn #j}ebnkvkne+ bablbc wonoqbwbn pq}uiqu} wo}bn(wo}bn holbluk

wononqubn mombebk biqkdkqbp {bne akmuqucibn unqui hon`bwbk qufubn(qufubn

wo}upbcbbn abn mbekbn(mbekbnn{b, woneoljhwjiibn biqktkqbp(biqktkqbp,


14/48

20

wonuebpbn, wonaoloebpkbn, oonbne unqui holbipbnbibnn{b, po}qb

woneijj}aknbpkbn cumunebn(cumunebn oonbne abn kndj}hbpk mbki po`b}b

cj}kvjnqbl hbuwun to}qkibl ablbh pq}uiqu} j}ebnkpbpk.

Aklkcbq ab}k woneo}qkbnn{b, pq}uiqu} j}ebnkpbpk ho}uwbibn pubqu pupunbn

io}bneib cumunebn unkq(unkq j}ebnkpbpk {bne bab ablbh j}ebnkpbpk hulbk ab}k

Aowb}qohon {bne qo}qkneek pbhwbk aonebn unkq qo}io`kl aonebn quebp, dunepk

abn oonbe hbpkne(hbpkne. _nqui lomkc folbp lbek honeonbk monqui pq}uiqu}

j}ebnkpbpk wbab WQ. WLN #Wo}po}j+ UP=FM, hbib wonulkp honeu}bkibn ebhmb},

quebp mopo}qb qbneeune fbbm wbab pq}uiqu} j}ebnkpbpk WQ. WLN #Wo}opo}j+

UP=FM @bmbne Hub}b Munej


15/48

21

PQ]_IQ_] J]EBNKPBPK WQ WLN#Wo}po}j+

UP=FM @bmbne Hub}b Munej


16/48

2?

=.0 Woneo}qkbn Wumlk` ]olbqkjn

_nqui honeoqbcuk aodonkpk Wumlk` ]olbqkjn, ikqb bblk ab}k o}b Ktk Loo

wbab qbcun 2;74. Ktk loo qo}`bqbq pombebk won{bnabne w}jdopk wumlk` ]olbqkjn

Jddk`o} wo}qbhb ak Bho}kib Po}kibq abn aonebn iomo}cbpklbn{b honebqbpk

mo}mbebk wo}pjblbn i}kpkp {bne honkhwb momo}bwb wo}upbcbbn ak Bho}kib

Po}kibq wbab biqu kqu holbluk ikbq abn pq}bqoe{ jd wumlk` }olbqkjn qo}pomuq,

hbib nbhbn{b akbneibq pombebk Mbwbi Cumunebn Hbp{b}bibq bmba knk.

Pofbi pbbq kqulbc hbp{b}bibq honfbak qbcu iomo}babbn abn hbndbbq w}jdopk

iocuhbpbn holbluk cbpkl ib}{b eohklbnen{b ak mkabne Wumlk`

]olbqkjn.#]uplbn 6 =77? 6 ?+

Mbn{bi {bne honek}b mbcb Wumlk` ]olbqkjn cbn{blbc ioekbqbn(

ioekbqbn {bne qbhwbi, qoqbwk ion{bqbbn{b ioekbqbn {bne qbhwbi jloc wumlki

fupq}u cbn{b pbqu qbcbw pbfb ab}k iopolu}ucbn ioekbqbn Wumlk` ]olbqkjn {bne

pomonb}n{b.

Honu}uq P`jqq H. @uqlkw abn Bllon C, @onqo}, ablbh ]uplbn #=77? 6 4+

Wumlk` ]olbqkjn ho}uwbibn dunepk hbnbfohon {bne honklbk pkibw wumlki,

honekaonqkdkibpkibn iomkfipbnbbn abn qbqb `b}b popoj}bne bqbu j}ebnkpbk aohk

iowonqknebn wumlki, po}qb ho}on`bnbibn abn holbiuibn pubqu w}je}bh unqui

ho}bkc woneo}qkbn, wohbcbhbn, abn auiunebn ab}k wumlkin{b

Honu}uq cbpkl Pu}tok {bne qolbc akbabibn jloc hbfblbc Wumlk`

]olbqkjn Nop ak Bho}kib Po}kibq wbab qbcun 2;15, =777 j}bne qo}iohuib

ablbh mkabne Wumlk` ]olbqkjn qolbc hon{bqbibn aodonkpk ho}oib qonqbne


17/48

24

wumlk` ]olbqkjn. Pbqu pbhb lbkn mo}moab wonabwbq, pombm hbpkne(hbpkne

hohwun{bk abpb} wbnabnebn abn wohkik}bn ponak}k(ponak}k. Aodonkpk {bne

akiohuibibn pomoluh Wo}bne aunkb KK, hkpbln{b, puabc qonqu bibn mo}moab

aonebn aodonkpk {bne akiohuibibn jloc pb}fbnb(pb}fbnb ak vbhbn hjao}n

poib}bne knk. Ablbh cbl knk iohbfubn abn wo}iohmbnebn klhu woneoqbcubn

kiuq wulb hononquibn{b #Pucbnabne6 =771 610+ Ab}k =777 aodonkpk {bne

qo}iuhwul kqu, qkeb akbnqb}bn{b qo}wklkc pombebk aodonkpk {bne qo}mbki. Wklkcbn

{bne aklbiuibn jloc pomubc wbnkqkb {bne mo}bneejqbibn wb}b wbib} Wumlk`

]olbqkjn kqu fbquc wbab 6

2. Aodonkpk F. @. Pokaol, poj}bne Wumlk` ]olbqkjn Ak}o`qj} wbab Aktkpkjn jdcjupkne ak No [j}i, {bne mo}mun{k 6 Wumlk` ]olbqkjn bablbc w}jpop

{bne mo}iolbnfuqbn ab}k upbcb hbnbfohon unqui hohwo}jloc fbpb mbki

abn woneo}qkbn ab}k wbab lbneebnn{b, woebbk(woebbkn{b, abn wumlk`

wbab uhuhn{b, ioablbh honebabibn bnblkpb abn ij}oipk #wo}mbkibn(

wo}mbkibn+ qo}cbabw ak}k ponak}k, io lub} honebabibn wo}n{bqbbn {bne

mo}b}qk honeunquneibn

=. Aodonkpk U. Oho}pjn ]o`i, Poj}bne Wumlk` ]olbqkjn Ak}o`qj} wbab@jlebqo _nkto}pkq{, {bne mo}mun{k 6 Wumlk` ]olbqkjn bablbc iolbnfuqbn

ab}k w}jpop wonoqbwbn iomkfbipbnbbn, wolb{bnbn abn pkibw {bne

akpopubkibn aonebn iowonqknebn j}bne bqbu ejljnebn beb} j}bne bqbu

lohmbeb kqu hohwo}jloc iowo}`b{bbn abn fbpb mbki ab}k ho}oib,

poabneibn wolbipbnbbn iomkfbipbnbbn, wolb{bnbn abn pkibw kqu bablbc


18/48

25

unqui honfbhkn babn{b woneo}qkbn abn wonecb}ebbn {bne pombki(

mbkin{b.

0.

Aodonkpk Cjb}a Mjncbh, poj}bne Tk`o @cbk}hbn wbab Bho}k`bn

Nbqkjnbl ]oa @}jpp, {bne mo}mun{k 6 Wumlk` ]olbqkjn bablbc pubqu ponk

unqui hon`kwqbibn woneo}qkbn wumlki {bne lomkc mbki pockneeb abwbq

hohwo}mopb} iowo}`b{bbn wumlki qo}cbabw popoj}bne bqbu j}ebnkpbpk.

#Pucbnabne 6 =771 6 11+

Honu}uq ]jmo}qj Pkhjop Ablbh ]uhbnqk #=77= 6 5+

b. Wumlk` ]olbqkjn ho}uwbibn w}jpop knqo}bipk. Wumlk` ]olbqkjn hon`kwqbibnjwknk wumlki pombebk knwuq {bne honeunquneibn ioaub molbc wkcbi.

m. Wumlk` ]olbqkjn bablbc dunepk hbnbfohon`. Wumlk` ]olbqkjn ho}uwbibn biqktkqbp akmo}mbebk mkabne klhua. Wumlk` ]olbqkjn ho}uwbibn w}jdopk w}jdopkjnbl ablbh mkabnen{b, fueb

ho}uwbibn dbiqj} {bne pbnebq wonqkne ablbh won`bwbkbn qufubn j}ebnkpbpk

po`b}b qowbq.

o. Wumlk` ]olbqkjn ho}uwbibn wono}bwbn iomkfbipbnbbn abn wolbipbnbbn{bholbluk knqo}w}opqbpk {bne woib bqbp mo}mbebk wo}kpqkb.

Ab}k wonfolbpbn honeonbk aodonkpk Wumlk` ]olbqkjn, hbib abwbq

ak}uhupibn po`b}b lomkc poao}cbnb, {bkqu pombebk mo}kiuq 6

Wumlk` ]olbqkjn ho}uwbibn dunepk hbnbfohon ab}k pkibw muak {bne

ak}on`bnbibn abn akfblbnibn po`b}b mo}iopknbhmunebn jloc j}ebnkpbpk(

j}ebnkpbpk, lohmbeb(lohmbeb uhuh abn w}kmbak, {bne akwo}eunbibn unqui

hohwo}jloc abn hohmknb pblkne woneo}qkbn, pkhwbqk abn auiunebn ab}k


19/48

23

ho}oib {bne bab cumunebn abn akaueb bibn bab ibkqbnn{b, aonebn `b}b

honklbk jwknk wumlki, aonebn qufubn poabwbq huneikn honecumuneibn

iomkfbipbnbbn abn ioqbqblbipbnbbn, eunb hon`bwbk io}fb pbhb {bne lomkc

w}jauiqkd abn unqui hohonuck iowonqknebn mo}pbhb {bne lomkc odkpkon,

aonebn ioekbqbn wono}bnebn {bne qo}on`bnb abn qo}pomb} lubp.

Ablbh Wumlk` ]olbqkjn qo}abwbq pubqu upbcb unqui houfuaibn

cumunebn {bne cb}hjnkp bnqb}b pbqu mbabn aonebn wumlkin{b, upbcb unqui

hohmo}kibn bqbu honbnbhibn iopbn {bne hon{onbneibn, pockneeb bibn

qkhmul jwknk wumlki {bne honeunquneibn mbek iolbnepunebn ckauw

wo}upbcbbn kqu. Aonebn knk Wumlk` ]olbqkjn abwbq houfuaibn cbl(cbl {bne

wjpkqkd qonqbne bwb {bne qolbc ak}on`bnbibn abn aklbipbnbibn.

=.1 Dunepk, Quebp abn Qufubn Wumlk` ]olbqkjn

=.1.2. Dunepk Wumlk` ]olbqkjn

Wumlk` ]olbqkjn ho}uwbibn mbekbn ab}k j}ebnkpbpk {bne mo}dunepk

unqui honfbeb abn hohmknb cumunebn mbki bnqb}b knpqbnpk aonebn

hbp{b}bibq uhuh bqbu wumlki mop}qb aonebn ijnpuhon{b . Wumlk` ]olbqkjn

fueb honfbeb cumunebn mbki knqo}nbl wo}upbcbbn, {bkqu hon`jmb honfbeb

cumunebn mbki bnqb}b pohub woebbk io}fb abn ib}{bbn mbki ab}k qjw

hbnbfohon ckneeb woebbk aonebn pqbqup wbneibq wblkne }onabc ak

wo}upbcbbn qo}pomuq. Dunepk abpb} ab}k Wumlk` ]olbqkjn bablbc hohmonqui

abn hohmknb cumunebn mbki, aonebn qo}`kwqbn{b cumunebn {bne mbki


20/48

2;

hbib, bibn qo}`kwqblbc ikno}fb abn iublkqbp io}fb {bne mbki eunb hon`bwbk

iounqunebn mbek knpqkqupk qo}pomuq. Ablbh Oltknb}jF Pjohk}bq #=770 6 35+

Wumlk` ]olbqkjn akibqbibn mo}dunepk ablbh pubqu j}ebnkpbpk bqbu

lohmbeb bwbmklb Wumlk` ]olbqkjn qo}pomuq qolbc honunfuiibn pubqu ioekbqbn

{bne folbp abn abwbq akmoabibn ab}k ioekbqbn lbkn{b.

Honu}uq Mo}q}bna ]. @bndkola ablbh Lumkp #=772 6 =7+, bab qkeb

dunepk Wumlk` ]olbqkjn, {bkqu 6

b. Honebmak iowbab iowonqknebn uhuh #kq pcjula po}to qco wumlk`knqo}opq+

m. Hoholkcb}b cumunebn {bne mbki #hbknqkbn ejja `jhhunk`bqkjn+Honkqki mo}bqibn hj}bl abn qkneibc lbiu {bne mbki#pq}opp ejja hj}blp

abn hbnno}p+.

Dunepk uqbhb ab}k Wumlk` ]olbqkjn Honu}uq Bnno @bn Ao} Hokaon

ablbh ]uhbnqk #=77= 6 =71+.

Honuhmucibn, honeohmbneibn cumunebn mbki bnqb}b j}ebnkpbpkwo}upbcbbn aonebn wumlkin{b mbki knqo}nbl hbuwun oipqo}nbl.

Honbnbhibn woneo}qkbn, honuhmucibn hjqktbpk, abn honkneibqibnwb}qkpkwbpk wumlki.

Hon`kwqbibn jwknk wumlki {bne honeunquneibn j}ebnkpbpk* wo}upbcbbnabn wumlki.

Honu}uq W}jd. A}p. Jnjne _`cfbnb Oddona{, H.B. ablbh ]uplbn

#=77? 6 ;+ dunepk Wumlk` ]olbqkjn Jddk`o} #W]J+ ioqkib honfblbnibn quebp(


21/48

=7

quebp abn jwo}bpkjnbln{b, mbki pombebk ijhunkibqj} abn hoakbqj}, hbuwun

j}ebnkpbqj} bablbc 6

b.

Honunfbne ioekbqbn hbnbfohon ablbh hon`bwbk qufubn j}ebnkpbpk

m. Hohmknb cumunebn cb}hjnkp bnqb}b j}ebnkpbpk aonebn wumlki knqo}nblabn oipqo}nbl.

`. Hon`kwqbibn ijhunkibpk aub b}bc aonebn hon{omb}ibn kndj}hbpk ab}kj}ebnkpbpk iowbab wumlkin{b abn hon{blu}ibn jwknk wumlki iowbab

j}ebnkpbpkn{b

a. Holb{bnk wumlki abn honbpocbqk wkhwknbn j}ebnkpbpk aohk iowonqknebnuhuh.

o. Jwo}bpkjnblkpbpk abn j}ebnkpbpk Wumlk` ]olbqkjn ablbc mbebkhbnbhohmknb cumunebn cb}hjnkp bnqb} j}ebnkpbpk aonebn wumlkin{bn unqui

hon`oebc qo}fbakn{b }knqbnebn wpkijljekp {bne akqkhmulibn ab}k wkcbi

j}ebnkpbpk hbuwun ab}k wkcbi wumlkin{b.

Ab}k u}bkbn akbqbp, abwbq akqb}ki iopkhwulbn honeonbk wo}bn uqbhb Wumlk`

]olbqkjn {bne wbab knqkn{b bablbc pombebk mo}kiuq 6

b. Pombebk `jhhunk`bqj} bqbu wonecumune bnqb}b j}ebnkpbpk bqbu lohmbeb{bne akbiklk aonebn wumlkin{b.

m. Hohmknb ]olbqkjnpckw, {bkqu mo}uwb{b hohmknb cumunebn {bne wjpkqkdabn pblkne honeunquneibn aonebn wkcbi wumlkin{b.

`. Wo}bnbn mb`i uw hbnbeohonq, {bink pombebk wonauine ablbh dunepkhbnbfohon j}ebnkpbpk bqbu wo}upbcbbn.


22/48

=2

a. Hohmonqui `j}wj}bqo khbeo, b}qkn{b wo}bnbn Wumlk` ]olbqkjn mo}uwb{bhon`kwqbibn `kq}b mbek j}ebnkpbpk bqbu lohmbebn{b.

Po`b}b poao}cbnb abn pkneibq abwbq akibqbibn mbcb dunepk Wumlk`

]olbqkjn bablbc unqui honecumuneibn wumlki bqbu wkcbi {bne mo}iowonqknebn

akablbh bqbu aklub} wo}upbcbbn, ib}on Wumlk` ]olbqkjn qu}uq honfblbnibn

dunepk hbnbfohon.

Akablbh pubqu wo}upbcbbn*knpqbnpk, wkhwknbn polblu honeblbhk

mo}mbebk hb`bh hbpblbc ablbh holbipbnbibn woio}fbbn pocb}k(cb}k. Jloc

ib}onb kqu qkbw(qkbw mbekbn hohwun{bk quebp hbpkne(hbpkne unqui hon`bwbk

qufubn {bne qolbc akqoqbwibn. Dunepk Wumlk` ]olbqkjn wbab WQ. WLN UP=FM

@bmbne Hub}b Munej bnqb}b lbkn 6

2. Honuhmuibn }bpb mbneeb abn `kq}b wo}upbcbbn {bne honeunquneibn=. Honpjpkblkpbpk iomkfbibn * w}je}bh ablbh hohw}jauipkibn lb{bnbn0. Honbnbhibn woneo}qkbn abn hon`kwqbibn io}fb pbhb aonebn

ib}{bbn*wumlk`

1. Ho}oabh abn honoq}blibn kpu(kpu?. Hon`kwqbibn io}fb pbhb aonebn mbabn *lohmbeb*knpqbnpk qo}ibkq abn

woho}knqbc.

4. Hon`kwqbibn ijhunkibpk {bne cb}hjnkp akpblbh j}ebnkpbpk abn unkqn{b.5. Honaoqoipk hbpblbc ablbh ioubnebn3. Honaj}jne wo}pkbwbn PAH {bne `bibw abn w}jdopkjnbl.


23/48

==

=.? QuebpBQuebp Wumlk` ]olbqkjn

Knqk quebp Wumlk` ]olbqkjn bablbc pknij}nkpbpk bnqb}b kndj}hbpk ab}k

wo}upbcbn aonebn }obipk abn qbneebwbn wumlki pockneeb hon`bwbk pubpbnb

bi}bm, pblkne honeo}qk, abn hun`ul pubpbnb {bne hon{onbneibn ablbh

knqo}bipk wo}upbbcbbn aonebn wumlki. Won{opubkbn {bne hon`kwqbibn

cumunebn {bne cb}hjnkp akhbnb pbqu pbhb lbkn pblkne hohmo}k abn

hono}khb cbl(cbl {bne mkpb honeunquneibn ioaub molbc wkcbi.#Pucbnabne 6

=771 6 50+

2. Honu}uq Bpq}ka P. Puqbnqj honeuqkw wonabwbq @uqlkw F @onqo} ablbhIupuhbpquqk #=771 6 =4+ quebp Wumlk` ]olbqkjn wo}upbcbbn bablbc 6

Honakaki pubqu wumlki holbluk ioekbqbn njn w}jdkq unqui honeeunbibn

mb}bne*fbpb knpqbnpkn{b.

=. Honebabibn upbcb unqui honebqbpk pblbc wbcbh bnqb}b knpqbnpk aonebnwumlki.

0. Honkneibqibn wonfublbn mb}bne abn fbpb.1. Honkneibqibn ioekbqbn wo}upbcbbn {bne mo}ibkqbn aonebn ioekbqbn

hbp{b}bibq pocb}k(cb}k.

?. Honakaki abn honkneibqibn qunquqbn po}qb iomuqucbn hbp{b}bibq bibnmb}bne abn fbpb {bne akcbpklibn jloc wo}upbcbbn.

4. Hon`oebc wo}eopo}bn woneeunbbn mb}bne bqbu fbpb {bne pofonkp ab}kwopbkne wo}upbcbbn jloc ijnpuhon Wbab WQ. WLN #Wo}po}j+ UP=FM

@bmbne Hub}b Munej Wumlk` ]olbqkjn ablbh honkneibqibn wolb{bnbn


24/48

=0

pbnebq wonqkne. ib}onb holbluk Wumlk` ]olbqkjn akwo}jloc jwknk wumlki

{bne wjpkqkd abn fueb unqui hohwo}lubp fb}knebn lbneebnbn.

5.

Powo}qk akioqbcuk wolbneebn ho}uwbibn j}bne {bne wblkne wonqkne

ib}onb aonebn babn{b wolbneebn, WQ. WLN abwbq honfblbnibn

dunepkn{b. Quebp wjiji ab}k Wumlk` ]olbqkjn wbab WQ. WLN #Wo}po}j+

UP=FM @bmbne Hub}b Munej bablbc 6

b. Hohwo}pkbwibn, bbn`b}b wo}p abn wumlkibpk lbknm. Hon{upun }bn`bnebn nbpibc wkabqj.`. Hohwo}pkbwibn w}oponqbpk wkhwknbn.a. Hohmo}kibn m}jpu}, wjpqo}, abn hbfblbc knqo}n

Aonebn hon{bab}k mbcb wolbneebn bablbc }bfb, hbib woquebp Wumlk`

]olbqkjn cb}up hon{bab}k 6

b+ Bwb iokneknbn ab}k wolbneebnm+ Hohmo}kibn wolb{bnbn {bne mbki, }bhbc, pjwbn beb} honabwbq wonklbkbn

{bne wjpkqkd ab}k wolbneebn honeonbk wo}upbcbbn qo}pomuq.

`+ Honbnebnk iolucbn wolbneebn 62. Honaoneb} aonebn wonuc wo}cbqkbn=. Qkabi hon{blbcibn wkcbi lbkn abn honebhmkl qbneeune fbbm abn

knkpkbqkd unqui hohmbnqu wolbneebn.

0. Hon`bqbq bwb {bne akkneknibn wolbneebn.1. Hohbpqkibn mbcb bnab qbcu iokneknbn wolbneebn.?. Hohmo}kibn mbnqubn woho`bcbn hbpblbc

a+ Mbebkhbnb honbnebnk iolucbn {bne i}jnkp ab}k wolbneebn.


25/48

=1

2. Honebabibn wohudbibqbn aonebn wolbneebn=. Hohmo}kibn mbqbp biqu qo}qonqu.0.

Honebabibn biqu kpqk}bcbq.

1. Hon`b}k fblbn iolub}.o+ Mbebkhbnb honbnebnk i}kqki abn pb}bn ab}k wolbneebn

2. Honebabibn wohudbibqbn.=. Honbn{bibn ioiu}bnebn lbkn{b #unqui wo}mbkibn+0. I}kqki {bne hohmbneun beb} akqo}khb.1. Honebabibn wo}mbkibn mklbhbnb akwo}luibn.

d+ Mbebkhbnb honecbabwk wolbneebn {bne hb}bc.2. Aonebn hononbneibn ak}k ponak}k.=. Hohmkb}ibn wolbneebn holbhwkbpibn iohb}bcbn{b0. Qunfuiibn woneo}qkbn1. Honeulbnek bwb {bne akpbhwbkibn?. Honebabibn wohudbibqbn bqbu hono}khb wo}hknqbbn{b.4. Honebcbabwk aonebn iomkfbipbnbbn{b.5. Honeulu} biqu pbhwbk {bne mo}pbneiuqbn qonbne iohmblk.

Hon{bab}k mbcb wolbipbnbbn ioekbqbn Wumlk` ]olbqkjn qkabi huabc

ib}onb hon{bneiuq hbp{b}bibq lubp aonebn mo}mbebk hb`bh ib}biqo}, hbib

wkhwknbn WQ. WLN honoibnibn wbab woquebp Wumlk` ]olbqkjn unqui hohklkik

p{b}bq(p{b}bq pombebk mo}kiuq6

b. P{b}bq iow}kmbakbn

2. Biqkd abn i}obqkd


26/48

=?

=. Mo}woneblbhbn0. Pjwbn, }bhbc, abn pkhwbqki1.

Wonuc woneo}qkbn

?. Hohklkik bbpbn {bne lubp4. Mo}iow}kmbakbn {bne iubq5. Wun{b }odo}onpk {bne mbki

m. P{b}bq dkpki

2. Iopocbqbn {bne mbki=. Huabc qo}pon{uh0. Lbn`b} mo}mk`b}b1. Pub}b {bne n{b}kne*ho}au

`. P{b}bq honqbl

2. Pkhwbqk, poipbhb abn bpwbab=. Wun{b }bpb qbneeune fbbm0. Jwqkhkp, fufu} abn wo}`b{b ak}k

a. P{b}bq ib}biqo}

2. Poqkb abn }bfkn=. Qolkqk, qowbq biqu

o. P{b}bq pjkbl

2. Wbnabk mo}ebul=. Qjlo}bn, hbu moio}fb pbhb.


27/48

=4

=.4 Qufubn Wumlk` ]olbqkjn

Honu}uq P. Pqoknmo}e ablbh Pucbnabne #=771 6 ?0+, qufubn Wumlk`

]olbqkjn bablbc hon`kwqbibn jwknk wumlk` {bne hon{onbneibn qonqbne

ioekbqbn(ioekbqn {bne aklbiuibn jloc mbabn bqbu wo}upbcbbn {bne

mo}pbneiuqbn.

Wbab abpb}n{b qufubn poqkbw wo}upbcbbn bablbc hohwo}jloc lbmb {bne

hbipkhbl, abn knk cbn{b abwbq ak`bwbk bwbmklb wo}upbcbbn `uiuw mo}cbpkl

ablbh honfblbnibn ioekbqbn{b. Babwun qufubn aklbipbnbibn{b Wumlk`

]olbqkjn bablbc unqui hohmo}kibn kndj}hbpk iowbab hbp{b}bibq qonqbne

ioekbqbn wo}upbcbbn aonebn `b}b honeohmbneibn pkibw pblkne honecb}ebk

abn hohwo}jloc jwknk wumlki {bne honauiune bqbu hon`kwqbibn io}fb pbhb

mo}abpb}ibn cumunebn ioablbh hbuwun iolub}. Po`b}b qoj}kqkp babwun qufubn

mo}abpb}ibn ioekbqbn Wumlk` ]olbqkjn abwbq akfolbpibn pombebk mo}kiuq .

2. Qufubn mo}abpb}ibn ioekbqbn Knqo}n Wumlk` ]olbqkjn=. Qufubn mo}abpb}ibn ioekbqbn Osqo}n Wumlk` ]olbqkjn=.4.2. Knqo}nbl Wumlk` ]olbqkjn.

Qufubn mo}abpb}ibn ioekbqbn Wumlk` ]olbqkjn ioablbh

wo}upbcbbn akwo}luibn uqui hohuwui babn{b pubpbnb {bne

hon{onbneibn akbnqb}b wb}b ib}{bbnn{b, ijhunkibpk bnqb}b

mbbcbn abn wkhwknbn bqbu bqbpbn qo}fblkn aonebn bi}bm abn qkabi

ibiu, po}qb ho{biknk }bpb qbneeune fbbm bibn iobfkmbn{b qo}cbabw

wo}upbcbbn.


28/48

=5

_nqui abwbq hon`kwqbibn kqu pohub, hbib wo}upbcbbn holbluk

iomkfbipbnbbn Knqo}nbl Wumlk` ]olbqkjn mo}upbcb honebabibn6

2.

Woneuhuhbn(woneuhuhbn

=. Muiu woebnebn woebbk0. Ijnqbi w}kmbak1. Wo}qohubn(wo}qohubn mo}iblb?. Ijqbi pub}b4. Lbwj}bn iowbab wohoebne pbcbh5. Ckmu}bn abn ab}hbkpbqb3. Jlbc }beb;. Pqua{ qju} abn wolbqkcbn27. Cbakbc(cbakbc abn wonecb}ebbn22. Ilknki abn bwjqoi mbek iopofbcqo}bbn woebbk mopo}qb iolub}ebn{b

ak mkabne iopocbqbn.

2=. Qohwbq(qohwbq kmbabc20. Qohwbq(qohwbq wonakakibn

Pohubn{b kqu cbn{b pombekbn ab}k quebp abn upbcb unqui

hon`bwbk qufubn ab}k Knqo}nbl Wumlk` ]olbqkjn. Mbn{bi lbek quebp abn

uwb{b lbkn {bne mkpb akwkik}ibn woquebp Wumlk` ]olbqkjn eunb

hon`kwqbibn pubpbnb {bne hon{onbneibn ablbh lkneiunebn knqo}n

wo}upbcbbn{b. Ablbh cbl wolbipbnbbn quebp(quebp qo}pomuq, puabc qonqu

akwklkc cbl(cbl {bne hbhwu abn popubk aonebn wo}iohmbnebn

wo}upbcbbn kqu ponak}k.


29/48

=3

=.4.=. Oipqo}nbl Wumlk` ]olbqkjn

Polbkn honfblbnibn ioekbqbn knqo}nbl Wumlk` ]olbqkjn, pubqu

wo}upbcbbn wo}lu honfblbnibn ioekbqbn oipqo}nbl Wumlk` ]olbqkjn.

Qufubn oipqo}nbl Wumlk` ]olbqkjn bablbc unqui honeo}bqibn cumunebn

aonebn j}bne(j}bne aklub} wo}upbcbbn ckneeb qo}monquilbc jwknk

wumlki {bne mbki qo}cbabw wo}upbcbbn.

Mo}abpb}ibn cbl qo}pomuq, oipqo}nbl Wumlk` ]olbqkjn cb}up

holbiuibn quebp unqui hohwo}jloc auiunebn, woneo}qkbn abn

iowo}`b{bbn ab}k hbp{b}bibq lubp. Quebp(quebp {bne cb}up

aklbipbnbibn ablbh oipqo}nbl Wumlk` ]olbqkjn {bkqu 6 [ulkb Pu`kqb6

Wo}bnbn Wumlk` ]olbqkjn Ablbh Honkeibqibn Wolb{bnbn Wbab WQ.WLN


2. Honebabibn bnblkpb abn wonklbkbn qo}cbabw pkibw abn jwknk wumlki{bne honecbabwk iomkfbipbnbbn wkhwknbn wo}upbcbbn ablbh

honeeo}biibn ioekbqbnn{b.

=. Hohmo}kibn nbpocbq abn pb}bn iowbab wkhwknbn wo}upbcbbnpocumunebn aonebn qufubn Wumlk` ]olbqkjn

0. Hohwo}pkbwibn mbcbn(mbcbn wono}bnebn abn wonfolbpbn {bne fufu}abn jmfoiqkd

1. Kiuq hohmbnqu wkhwknbn ablbh cbl hon{upun bqbu hohwo}mbkikdj}hbpk pqbdd io b}bc {bne odoiqkd.

?. Hon`kwqbibn abn hoholkcb}b pubqu `kq}b {bne mbki abn qowbq bqbpj}ebnkpbpkn{b.


30/48

=;

4. Hon{oakbibn mo}mbebk kndj}hbpk iowbab wumlki, eunb iomkfbibn,ablbh }bneib honfbneibu woneo}qkbn wumlki.

Jloc ib}onb kqu poj}bne wkhwknbn ablbh cbl knk wo}lu lomkc

hohwo}cbqkibn pubqu lbneibc ablbh honab{beunbibn qufubn abn

ioekbqbn oipqo}nbl Wumlk` ]olbqkjn kqu. Oipqo}nbl Wumlk` ]olbqkjn

mo}qufubn unqui hon`kwqbibn ijhunkibpk aub b}bc qkhmbl mblki {bne

pblkne honeunquneibn bnqb}b wkcbi wo}upbcbbn aonebn wkcbi lub}

wo}upbcbn.

=.5 Wolbipbnbbn Wumlk` ]olbqkjn Wbab WQ. WLN #Wo}po}j+ UP=FM

@bmbne Hub}b Munej

Wbab hbpb poib}bne knk pubqu wo}upbcbbn {bne knekn mo}cbpkl ablbh

hon`bwbk qufubnn{b cb}up honfbakibn Wumlk` ]olbqkjn pombebk pblbc pbqu

ioekbqbn bqbu upbcb hbnofohon {bne wonqkne unqui akfblbnibn. Mbn{bin{b

fuhlbc wo}upbcbbn fueb honkhmulibn wo}pbknebn {bne ioqbq bnqb}b ho}oib,

ablbh cbl honfubl fbpb {bne akcbpklibn, ho}oib pblkne mo}ljhmb unqui honb}ki

wo}cbqkbn hbp{b}bibq {bne polubp(lubpn{b.

Ablbh upbcb honkneibqibn wolb{bnbn abn wonabwbqbn po}qb hon`bwbk

qufubn honfbak wo}upbcbbn {bne hjao}n abn hbnak}k {bne mo}j}konqbpk iowbab

iowubpbn wolbneebn #`upqjho}p pbqkpdk`bqkjn+ abn qo}cbabw wo}umbcbn # `cbneo


31/48

07

j}konqoa+, hbib upbcb*ioekbqbn Wumlk` ]olbqkjn {bne aklbipbnbin ak WQ. WLN

#Wo}po}j+ UP=FM @bmbne Hub}b Munejabwbq akbmbakibn bqbp 6 Knqo}nbl Wumlk`

]olbqkjn abn Oipqo}nbl Wumlk` ]olbqkjn. Ioekbqbn Knqo}nbl Wumlk` ]olbqkjn wbab

WQ. WLN #Wo}po}j+ UP=FM @bmbne Hub}b Munej abwbq aklbiuibn aonebn `b}b

pombebk mo}kiuq 6

2. Hohmubq woneuhuhbn(woneuhuhbn qonqbne kndj}hbpk wonqkne {bne wo}luakioqbcuk jloc polu}uc ib}{bbn honeonbk wo}upbcbbn.

=. Honebabibn wo}qohubn powo}qk }bwbq mulbnbn bqbu qbcunbn bnqb} aowb}qohonabn polu}uc ib}{bbn.

0. 1bò qj dbò {bkqu wkhwknbn lbnepune mo}mk`b}b aonebn mbbcbnn{b, bwbmklbbab wo}hbpblbcbn {bne cb}up poeo}b akpolopbkibn.

1. Hohmo}kibn wonecb}ebbn mbek ib}{bbn {bne hohwun{bk w}opqbpk io}fb{bne mbki. Ioekbqbn Oipqo}nbl wbab WQ. WLN #Wo}po}j+ UP=FM @bmbne Hub}b

Munej fueb abwbq aklbiuibn aonebn `b}b 6

2. Wo}pjnbl @jnqb`q

Pblbc pbqu woio}fbbn Wumlk` ]olbqkjn bablbc hohkik}ibn iowonqknebn

wumlki. Poj}bne woquebp Wumlk` ]olbqkjn {bne mo}cumunebn lbnepune

aonebn wumlki cb}up mo}pkibw }bhbc, pjwbn, polblu mo}poakb honaoneb}ibn

bwb {bne akibqbibn abn akqbn{bibn wumlki, pbmb} ablbh holb{bnk abn qkabi

honbneeucibn popubqu wolb{bnbn {bne poeo}b abwbq aklbiuibn.

=. W}opp @jndo}onò

Pblbc pbqu ioekbqbn Wumlk` ]olbqkjn {bne wonqkne bablbc hon{oloneeb}bibn

cumunebn aonebn hoakb hbppb qo}uqbhb wo}p. WQ. WLN cb}up hohmknb


32/48

02

cumunebn mbki aonebn wo}p abn hoakb hppb, ib}onb wo}p abn hoakb hbppb

hohwun{bk wo}bnbn wonqkne ablbh won{omb}bn kndj}hbpk iowbab

hbp{b}bibq, fueb iowbab woho}knqbc. Ablbh }bneib wohmo}kqbbn, wo}p

hon{oloneeb}bibn cumunebn aonebn woho}knqbc abn hbp{b}bibq pombebk

puhmo} mo}kqb.

0. Wumlk`q{ #Wumlkpkqbp+

Wumlkpkqbp ho}uwbibn ijhunkibpk iowbab wumlki holbluk hoakb hbppb bqbu

lbnepune po`b}b dbò qj dbò, Ablbh cbl knk, WQ.WLN cb}up hohbpbne kilbn

honeonbk WQ. WLN ak mo}mbebk hoakb òqbi powo}qk ij}bn, hbfblbc, qt,

wjpqo} abn lbkn(lbkn. Knk ho}uwbibn blbq wonauiune unqui iowonqknebn

w}jpop wumlkibpkn{b, qonqbne mo}mbebk ioekbqbn w}je}bh io}fb wbab WQ.

WLN, aohk iolbn`b}bn biqkdkqbp ijhunkibpk cuhbp aonebn wumlki pombebk

pbpb}bn{b.

Ablbh holbipbnbibn ioekbqbn oiqo}nbl knk, wkcbi WLN fueb

honfblkn cumunebn mbki aonebn wofbmbq woho}knqbc abn wo}p, ib}onb

ioauauibn{b mo}woneb}uc qo}cbabw jwknk wumlki. Wolbipbnbbn biqktkqbp

Wumlk` ]olbqkjn wbab WQ. WLN #Wo}po}j+ UP=FM @bmbne Hub}b Munej

qkabi fbuc moab aonebn qoj}k {bne qo}abwbq akmuiu, bnqb}b lbkn hohmo}kibn

woneo}qkbn iowbab hbp{b}bibq, hohmubq ajiuhonqbpk honeonbk ioekbqbn(

ioekbqbn {bne aklbiuibn jloc wo}upbcbbn, honeuhwulibn abqb abn

kndj}hbpk {bne folbp po}qb honfblkn cumunebn {bne mbki aonebn hbp{b}bq.


33/48

0=

MBM KKK

WOLBIPBNBBN ABN WOHMBCBPBN

0.2 Bnblkpb Wolbipbnbbn Wumlk` ]olbqkjn

Ablbh holbipbnbibn dunepk Wumlk` ]olbqkjn mbn{bi j}bne hon{bneib

mbcb ioekbqbn Wumlk` ]olbqkjn kqu cbn{b ioekbqbn {bne qbhwbi pbfb, wbabcbl

popuneeucn{b ioekbqbn {bne qbhwbi kqu cbn{blbc pombekbn ab}k polu}uc ioekbqbn

Wumlk` ]olbqkjn.

Pombebk mbekbn ab}k WQ. WLN pblbc pbqu quebp Wumlk` ]olbqkjn bablbc cb}up

honauiune wolb{bnbn, mbki unqui wumlk` oipqo}n hbuwun wumlk` knqo}n. Cbpkl

{bne ak`bwbk ab}k ioekbqbn Wumlk` ]olbqkjn knk bablbc qkhmuln{b lj{blkqbp {bne

qkneek ab}k ib}{bbn abn }bpb wo}`b{b po}qb hbu moio}fb pbhb ab}k hbp{b}bibq

qo}cbabw wo}upbcbbn, qoqbwk muibn cbn{b pombqbp kqu pbfb, mbn{bi cbl lbkn {bne

knekn akwo}jloc ablbh ioekbqbn Wumlk` ]olbqkjn.

Wo}bnbn wkhwknbn pombebk wolbipbnb Wumlk` ]olbqkjn wbab WQ. WLN

#Wo}po}j+ UP=FM @bmbne Hub}b Munej fueb pbnebq mo}woneb}uc qo}cbabw

iolbn`b}bn io}fb wo}upbcbbn. Wkhwknbn akcb}bwibn abwbq mo}pkibw noq}bl mbek

ioaub molbc wkcbi {bne poabne mo}qkibk abn cb}up abwbq hon`b}k fblbn iolub}

mbek woho`bcbn hbpblbc {bne poabne qo}fbak.

Pblbc pbqu qufubn ab}k babn{b Wumlk` ]olbqkjn bablbc honabwbqibn jwknk

wumlk` {bne wjpkqkd qo}cbabw wo}upbcbbn. Cbl knk abwbq qo}ufua bwbmklb knqo}nbl

abn oipqo}nbl wumlki wbab WQ. WLN abwbq hohmo}kibn qbneebwbn {bne wjpkqkd

0=


34/48

00

qo}cbabw iomkfbipbnbn abn qknabibn {bne aklbiuibn jloc WQ. WLN. UP=FM

@bmbne Hub}b Munej .

Qbneebwbn wjpkqkd bqbu noebqkd ab}k wumlki abwbq akioqbcuk aonebn

holbiuibn wonolkqkbn unqui honohuibn dbiqb. Woquebp Wumlk` ]olbqkjn wbab WQ.

WLN #Wo}po}j+ UP=FM @bmbne Hub}b Munej ablbh cbl knk abwbq hohwo}jloc

dbiqb ab}k momo}bwb puhmo}*ioekbqbn {bne bnqb}b lbkn bablbc6

2. Ab}k ablbh wo}upbcbbn b. W}opp `lkwwkne

b. W}opp }olobpo

m. Hbfblbc

`. M}jpu}

=. Ab}k lub} wo}upbcbbn

b. Holbiuibn bbn`b}b iowbab wumlki

m. Holbiuibn wonebhbqbn lbnepune

`. Holbiuibn akpiupk iowbab wumlki Ablbh cbl knk woquebp Wumlk` ]olbqkjn

ablbh w}jpop wonohubn dbiqb

akqunquq unqui 6

2. Hohwo}cbqkibn mo}mbebk iofbakbn abn wo}iohmbnebn pjpkbl, wjlkqki,hbuwun oijnjhk {bne po`b}b lbnepune mo}cumunebn aonebn WLN

=. Honeuhwulibn mo}mbebk hb`bh abqb unqui akjlbc honfbak kndj}hbpk0. Honebnblkpkp kndj}hbpk kqu beb} popubk aonebn iowo}lubn WQ. WLN


1. Polblu pkbw hon{bfkibn mo}mbebk kndj}hbpk po`uiuwn{b iowbab poqkbw unkqWQ. WLN #Wo}po}j+ UP=FM @bmbne Hub}b Munej


35/48

01

?. Hon{ohwu}nbibn poeblb hb`bh kndj}hbpk {bne ak}bpbibn hbpkc iu}bnehohbabk.

Ab}k u}bkbn akbqbp abwbq akpkhwulibn mbcb wbab wonohubn dbiqb, ioekbqbn

Wumlk` ]olbqkjn qkabi cbn{b poioab} unqui honohuibn dbiqb*abqb qoqbwk fueb

holkwuqk ioekbqbn honeuhwulibn abqb {bne popubk aonebn iomuqucbn

wo}upbcbbn, honebnblkpbn{b, abn hon{bfkibn kndj}hbpk {bne biu}bq, pockneeb

akcb}bwibn aonebn kndj}hbpk {bne loneibw abn biu}bq abwbq akeunbibn

pombebk abpb} unqui hon{upun }on`bnb io}fb Wumlk` ]olbqkjn

Ioekbqbn Wumlk` ]olbqkjn {bne lbkn bablbc cumunebn aonebn b}qbbn,

{bkqu honebabibn iunfunebn io wo}upbcbbn, pohub iolucbn

wumlki*hbp{b}bibq bibn akpbhwbkibn jloc b}qbbn iowbab Wumlk` ]olbqkjn

Jddk`o} abn ho}oib bibn hohmo}kibn wonfolbpbn {bne qo}wo}kn`k pockneeb

iolucbn(iolucbn wumlki abwbq akbqbpk.

0.= Wo}bnbn Wumlk` ]olbqkjn Ablbh Honkneibqibn Wolb{bnbn Wbab

WQ. WLN #Wo}po}j+ UP=FM @bmbne Hub}b Munej

Ablbh wolbipbnbbn Wumlk` ]olbqkjn, WQ. WLN mbn{bi honecbabwk

cbhmbqbn(cbhmbqbn, mbki cbhmbqbn {bne mo}bpbl ab}k ablbh wo}upbcbbn

hbuwun {bne mo}bpbl ab}k lub} wo}upbcbbn. Pblbc pbqu cbhmbqbn {bne akcbabwk

bablbc iolucbn wolbneebn {bne iu}bne ho}bpb wubp aonebn lb{bnbn {bne

akmo}kibn jloc WQ. WLN #Wo}po}j+ UP=FM @bmbne Hub}b Munej. Nbhun ablbh

cbl knk woquebp iocuhbpbn polblu hon`b}k fblbn won{olopbkbn {bne mbki abn


36/48

0?

abwbq hohubpibn wolbneebn. Wbab WQ. WLN #Wo}po}j+ UP=FM @bmbne Hub}b

Munej, ijndlki {bne qo}fbak akupbcbibn popoeo}b huneikn abwbq akpolopbkibn

aonebn `b}b {bne qo}mbki. @b}b {bne wblkne po}kne akqohwuc ablbh

hon{olopbkibn ijndlki aonebn honebabibn ijhw}jhk*hup{bb}bc aonebn

ioaub molbc wkcbi {bne mo}qonqbnebn. Ib}onb `b}b knk akbneebw abwbq

hohwo}io`kl iohuneiknbn unqui qkhmuln{b wo}hupucbn {bne qo}wonabh ab}k

ioaub molbc wkcbi {bne mo}hupucbn.

Ijndlki {bne po}kne qo}fbak bablbc wolbneebn po}kne ho}bpb qkabi wubp

aonebn wolb{bnbn woquebp ebneeubn lkpq}ki, akhbnb pbbq wolbneebn holbwj}ibn

babn{b ebneeubn lkpq}ki ak}uhbc ho}oib iowbab woquebp, woquebp po}kne iblk

honebmbkibn lbwj}bn ho}oib abn qkabi mo}upbcb unqui abqbne honeo`oi abn

hohwo}mbkik io}upbib qo}pomuq. Poqolbc babn{b lbwj}bn mo}ulbne iblk mb}ulbc

ho}oib abqkne.

Ablbh cbl knk woquebp Wumlk` ]olbqkjn hon`jmb hohmo}kibn woneo}qkbn

iowbab hbp{b}bibq, honebwb po}kne qo}fbak ioqo}lbhmbqbn ablbh wo}mbkibn

ebneeubn lkpq}ki. Mkbpbn{b cbl knk akpombmibn muibn ib}onb iolblbkbn woquebp,

nbhun ib}onb mbn{bin{b pk}iukq abn wo}blbqbn blk}bn lkpq}ki {bne cb}up

akwo}mbkik pockneeb wo}mbkibn bebi poakikq qo}lbhmbq.

Woquebp Wumlk` ]olbqkjn mo}uwb{b beb} abwbq hohonuck poeblb iolucbn

hbp{b}bibq pockneeb abwbq hon`kwqbibn jwknk wumlki {bne mbki qonqbne `kq}b

wo}upbcbbn. _nqui hohonuck iomuqucbn wonbnebnbn fbpb, WQ. WLN mo}upbcb

unqui holbiuibn ioekbqbn {bne qkabi honeo`obibn, mbki akablbh wo}upbcbbn

hbuwun aklub} wo}upbcbbn. _nqui honkneibqibn wolb{bnbn akablbh


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wo}upbcbbn, WQ. WLN #Wo}po}j+ UP=FM @bmbne Hub}b Munej wbab uhuhn{b

hon{oakbibn mo}mbebk dbpklkqbp {bne abwbq akhbndbbqibn jloc ib}{bbn.

Babwun dbpklkqbp qo}pomuq bablbc6

2. Ionab}bbn aknbp unqui iowo}lubn io}fb lbwbnebn=. Wo}blbqbn oloiq}jnki ablbh ibnqj}, powo}qk hopkn qki, ijhwuqo}, hopkn

ckqune abn lbkn(lbkn.

0. Dbpklkqbp iopocbqbn, mo}jmbq io}uhbc pbikq {bne qoibc akqunfui wo}upbcbbnaonebn mkb{b akqbneeune wo}upbcbbn.

1. Dbpklkqbp wo}uhbcbn mbek woebbk.?. Wohmo}kbn wknfbhbn wo}uhbcbn mbek ib}{bbn {bne hohmuqucibn.4. Honebabibn `uqk qbcunbn,5. Hohmo}kibn wonecb}ebbn abn ionbkibn fbmbqbn mbek woebbk {bne

mo}w}opqbpk.

Wbab ioekbqbn wo}b{bbn cb}k(cb}k mopb} powo}qk Cb}k Lkpq}ki qbneebl =5

Jiqjmo} abn wo}b{bbn 25 Beupqup akbabibn wo}ljhmbbn aklkneiunebn ibnqj}.

Pohub ioekbqbn knk mo}qufubn unqui honfblkn cumunebn {bne cb}hjnkp aonebn

polu}uc ib}{bbn wbab WQ. WLN #Wo}po}j+ UP=FM @bmbne Hub}b Munej .

Pombebkhbnb wonbnebnbn ijndlki {bne qo}fbak ablbh ibnqj} akupbcbibn

popoeo}b huneikn akpolopbkibn, aohkikbn fueb cbln{b aonebn wonbnebnbn

ijndlki {bne qo}fbak aonebn wolbneebn. Ablbh hon{olopbkibn ijndlki qo}pomuq

woquebp Wumlk` ]olbqkjn honebhmkl lbneibc(lbneibc 6

2. Hono}khb abn honaodonkpkibn wjiji hbpblbc {bne honkhmulibn ioqkabiwubpbn. Cbl knk pbnebq wonqkne ib}onb ioiolk}ubn ablbh honeoqbcuk


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hbpblbc {bne pomonb}n{b bibn honkhmulibn ioiolk}ubn ablbh

ho}uhupibn `b}b woho`bcbnn{b.

=.

Woneuhwulbn ioqo}bnebn*dbiqb {bne akiuhwulbibn cb}up loneibw, ib}onb

kqu woneuhwulbn abqb *dbiqb {bne aklbiuibn cb}uplbc cbqk(cbqk.

0. Honebnblkpb abn hohuqupibn. Aonebn akioqbcuknn{b hbpblbc abnqo}iuhwuln{b abqb iohuakbn ak otblubpk. Ab}k cbpkl bnblkpb mkpb qo}abwbq

mo}mbebk blqo}nbqkd woho`bcbn.

1. Hohmo}kibn fbbmbn?. Honknabi lbnfuqk hbpblbc {bne bab.

Ublbuwun mbn{bin{b iolucbn(iolucbn wbab WQ. WLN #Wo}po}j+ UP=FM

@bmbne Hub}b Munej, woquebp Wumlk` ]olbqkjn mo}uwb{b unqui abwbq

hohmo}kibn iowubpbn iowbab hbp{b}bibq. Mkbpbn{b iolucbn {bne wblkne po}kne

qkabi abwbq akbqbpk bablbc wolbneebn {bne ho}bpb qbekcbn{b qo}lblu mopb} abn

qkabi mo}poakb hohmb{b} }oionknen{b ib}onb ho}bpb qkabi popubk aonebn

woneeunbbn ho}oib abn bick}n{b wkcbi WLN qo}wbipb hohuqupibn blk}bn

lkpq}ki ho}oib ib}onb qkabi holunbpk quneebibn ho}oib.

WQ. WLN #Wo}po}j+ UP=FM @bmbne Hub}b Munej mo}upbcb unqui

hohonuck iomuqucbn hbp{b}bibq, blbuwun iomuqucbn qo}pomuq moluh abwbq

akwonuck po`b}b iopolu}ucbn. Jloc pombm kqu, hbib WQ. WLN #Wo}po}j+ UP=FM

@bmbne Hub}b Munej mo}upbcb honebqbpk cbl qo}pomuq aonebn honbhmbc ab{b

lkpq}ki {bne akblk}ibn io}uhbc wonauaui, abn fueb honbhmbc fuhlbc woebbk

{bne honbnebnk ebneeubn lkpq}ki pockneeb hbp{b}bibq qkabi ho}bpb ak}uekibn.


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Ab}k u}bkbn akbqbp, abwbq akpkhwulibn mbcb WQ. WLN #Wo}po}j+ UP=FM

@bmbne Hub}b Munej puabc honfblbnibn dunepkn{b aonebn mbki abn ib}{bbn

{bne bab wbab WQ. WLN #Wo}po}j+ UP=FM @bmbne Hub}b Munej fueb mo}upbcb

beb} wolb{bnbn {bne ho}oib mo}kibn abwbq hohonuck iomuqucbn abn iowubpbn

hbp{b}bibq.


40/48

0;

MBM KT

IOPKHW_LBN ABN PB]BN

1.2 Iopkhwulbn

Poqolbc honebnblkpb abn honeotblubpk u}bkbn(u}bkbn wbab mbm(mbm qo}abculu,

wonulkp honebhmkl iopkhwulbn ab}k wo}upbcbbn {bne akqolkqk 6

2. WQ. WLN #Wo}po}j+ UP=FM @bmbne Hub}b Munej ablbh holbipbnbibn quebppocb}k(cb}k honeeunbibn pq}uiqu} j}bebnkpbpk eb}kp abn pqbdd. Akhbnb

pq}uiqu} j}ebnkpbpk eb}kp knk akbneebw hbhwu honbhwune polu}uc loekbqbn

io}fb po}qb `j`ji aonebn fonkp abn lubpn{b fb}knebn io}fb.

=. Ioekbqbn Wumlk` ]olbqkjn mo}wo}bn unqui hohmo}k b}bc qo}cbabwiomkfbipbnbbn hbnbfohon eunb honkneibqibn huqu wolb{bnbn {bne mbki

qo}cbabw wumlki.

0. Wumlk` ]olbqkjn wbab WQ. WLN #Wo}po}j+ UP=FM @bmbne Hub}b Munejpuabc aklbipbnbibn aonebn mbki, ib}onb puabc honfblbnibn PJW #Pqbnab}

Jwo}bpkjnbl W}jpoau}+ abn puabc honabwbqibn KPJ #Pkpqoh Hbnbfohon

Huqu+ abn puabc hon`bwbk ikno}fb {bne hohubpibn akablbh wolbipbnbbn{b.

Wumlk` ]olbqkjn fueb hohbndbbqibn ioekbqbn ijhunkibpk unqui

hohwoneb}uck wo}umbcbn wo}klbiu po}qb pkibw ioaub wumlk` pbpb}bn{b {bkqu

Wumlk` Knqo}n abn Wumlk` Oipqo}n.

0;


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17

1. _nqui honfblkn cumunebn {bne mbki aonebn wb}b ib}{bbn abn wolbneebn,WQ. WLN #Wo}po}j+ UP=FM @bmbne Hub}b Munej honebabibn ioekbqbn

aklub} aknbp powo}qk ioekbqbn pjpkbl, jlbc }beb, iopocbqbn abn lbkn(lbkn.

?. WQ. WLN #Wo}po}j+ UP=FM @bmbne Hub}b Munej qoqbw mo}upbcbhohmo}kibn {bne qo}mbki mbek wb}b wolbneebn. Iowubpbn wolbneebn bablbc

iomo}cbpklbn wo}upbcbbn.

1.= Pb}bn

Mo}abpb}ibn u}bkbn qoj}kqkp abn cbpkl wonolkqkbn wbab WQ. WLN #Wo}po}j+

UP=FM @bmbne Hub}b Munej, wonulkp honb}ki momo}bwb pb}bn pombebk mo}kiuq.

2. Woquebp Wumlk` ]olbqkjn conabin{b cb}up hbhwu honfbak kndj}hbqj}{{bne folk. B}qkn{b ablbh holbiuibn ijhunkibpk, Wumlk` ]olbqkjn cb}up

hbwu ho}uhupibn knqk kndj}hbpk qo}pomuq po`b}b qowbq, pockneeb popubk bwb

{bne akkneknibn wolbneebn.

=. Woquebp Wumlk` ]olbqkjn pombkin{b bablbc popoj}bne {bne hohwun{bkiobclkbn ablbh mkabne iocuhbpbn abn honeotblubpkn{b aonebn mbki, abn

qo}poakbn{b dbpklkqbp(dbpklkqbp {bne honauiune wolbipbnbbn Wumlk`

]olbqkjn.

0. Pombkin{b WQ. WLN #Wo}po}j+ UP=FM @bmbne Hub}b Munej cb}up lomkchonkneibqibn wolb{bnbn kndj}hbpk hon{bneiuq aonebn blk}bn lkpq}ki,

bwbmklb bab ebneeubn wbab wb}b wolbneebn pockneeb abwbq qo}bqbpk aonebn

mbki qbnwb bab cbhmbqbn.


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12

1. Pkpqoh wolb{bnbn wbab WQ. WLN #Wo}po}j+ UP=FM @bmbne Hub}bmunejbeb} lomkc akqkneibqibn lbek, beb} abwbq hohwo}lbn`b} poqkbw mbekbn

ablbh holbipbnbibn quebpn{b.

.


43/48

1=

ABDQB] W_PQBIB

Oltknb}j, BlakbnqjFPjohk}bq, Pjloc, =770, Abpb}(Abpb} Wumlk` ]olbqkjn, Wono}mkq

WQ. ]ohbfb ]jpabib}{b, Mbnaune

Fodiknp, D}bni, [bakn, Abnkol, =770, Wumlk` ]olbqkjn, Wono}mkq O}lbneeb, Fbib}qb

Ibab}hbn, B.H, PF, W]JD, =772. Wonebnqb} Klhu Hbnbfohon, Wono}mkq

W}oncbllknaj Fbib}qb.

Iupuhbpquqk, =771. Abpb}(Abpb} Cuhbp, Ejfjneio}qb, Ecblkb Knajnopkb Lumkp,

Pub}ak, =772, Wumlk` ]olbqkjn ablbh Ijnqbi Pu}to{ abn Wonolkqkbn, _P_

W}opp.

]uplbn, ]jpba{, =77?, Ikbq abn Pq}bqoek Ibhwbn{o Wumlk` ]olbqkjn, Wono}mkq WQ.

]bfb E}bdknaj Wo}pbab, Fbib}qb. ]uhbnqk, Hb}kb Bppuhwqb P}, =77=,

Abpb}Babpb} Wumlk` ]olbqkjn Qoj}k abn W}biqki, Wono}mkq WQ. E}bdknaj,Fbib}qb. Pucbnabne, Iupqbak, =771, Wumlk` ]olbqkjn Wo}upbcbbn. Wono}mkq

Nubnpb, Mbnaune.


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10

LOHMB] WONEOPBCBN

Nbhb 6 Njtb Akbnb

NWH 6 7;2774;40122722

W}ej}bh Pquak 6 Bahknkpq}bpk

Fuaul Lbwj}bn 6 Wo}bnbn Wumlk` ]olbqkjn ablbh Honkneibqibn

Wolb{bnbn Wbab WQ. WLN #Wo}po}j+ UP=FM @bmbne

Hub}b Munej

Hub}b Munej, 2= Fulk =72=

Wuioq K* Ioqub Wbnkqkb WIL

H_CBHHBA NBPK], P.O

Wohmkhmkne WIL

_PAOLAK,PO.,H.Pk.,B.I

Akpoqufuk Jloc,

Ioqub PQKB Poqkc Poqkj Hub}b Munej

C. M_]CBN_AAKN, PC.,H.Cuh

k


45/48

11

IBQB WONEBNQB]

Aonebn hohbnfbqibn wufk p{uiu} io cbak}bq Qucbn [bne Hbcb Opb, bqbp

poeblb lkhwbcbn }bchbq abn ib}unkb(N{b iowbab qkh wonulkp pockneeb abwbq

hon{olopbkibn Lbwj}bn W}biqoi Io}fb Lbwbnebn #WIL+ knk qowbq wbab biqun{b,

aonebn fuaul Wo}bnbn Wumlk ]olbqkjn ablbh Honkneibqibn Wolb{bnbn Wbab WQ.

WLN #Wo}po}j+ UP=FM @bmbne Hub}b Munej

Wonulkp hon{bab}k mbcb akablbh wohmubqbn Lbwj}bn knk mo}ibq mbnqubn abn

qunqunbn Qucbn [bne Hbcb Opb abn qkabi lowbp ab}k mbnqubn mo}mbebk wkcbi unqui kqu

ablbh iopohwbqbn knk wonulkp honecbqu}ibn }bpb cj}hbq abn qo}khb ibpkc {bne

pomopb}(mopb}n{b iowbab 6

( Mbwbi Mu}cbaakn, PC, H.Cuh, polbiu Ioqub PQKB Poqkc Poqj Hub}b Munej{bne qolbc hohmo}kibn iopohwbqbn iowbab wonulpk unqui honunquq klhu

pbhwbk polopbk beb} honabwbq eolb} Bclk Hba{b #B.Ha+ wbab ibhwup Poijlbc

Qkneek Bahknkpq}bpk Hub}b Munej

( Mbwbi Ajpon Wohmkhmkne _paolak,PO.,H.Pk.,B.I, Polbiu Ajponwohmkhmkne WIL

( Qohbn(Qohbn powo}fubnebn {bne Holbipbnbibn W}biqoi Io}fb Lbwbnebn.Wonulkp hon{bab}k mbcb ablbh w}jpop wonulkpbn hbiblbc knk hbpkc ab}k fbuc

ab}k iopohwu}nbbn mbki hbqo}k hbuwun `b}b wonulkpbnn{b. Nbhun aohkikbn, qkh

wonulkp qolbc mo}uwb{b aonebn poeblb iohbhwubn abn woneoqbcubn {bne akhklkik

pockneeb abwbq polopbk aonebn mbki abn jloc ib}onbn{b, qkh wonulkp aonebn }onabc

kk


46/48

1?

cbqk abn aonebn qbnebn qo}muib hono}khb hbpuibn,pb}bn abn upul eunb

won{ohwu}nbbn hbiblbc knk.

Bick}n{b qkh wonulkp mo}cb}bw pohjeb hbiblbc knk abwbq mo}hbndbbq mbek

polu}uc wohmb`b.

Hub}b Munej, 73 Fulk =72=

Wonulkp

kkk


47/48

14

ABDQB] KPK

LOHMB] WONEOPBCBN ................................................................... k

IBQB WONEBNQB] ............................................................................ kk

ABDQB] KPK ........................................................................................... kt

MBM K WONABC_L_BN ....................................................................... 2

2.2 Lbqb} Molbibne Wonulkpbn ............................................................. 2

2.= Wo}uhupbn Hbpblbc ...................................................................... 1

2.0 Qufubn W}biqoi Io}fb Lbwbnebn ................................................... 1

2.1 Qufubn Wohmubqbn Lbwbnebn ....................................................... 1

2.? Hbndbbq W}biqoi Io}fb Lbwbnebn ................................................. ?

2.?.2 Hbndbbq W}biqoi Io}fb Lbwbnebn ...................................... ?

2.?.= Mbek Wo}eu}ubn Qkneek ....................................................... 4

2.?.0 Mbek Knpqbnbpk Qo}ibkq ......................................................... 4

2.4 Hoqjao Wonolkqkbn ......................................................................... 4

2.4.2 Abqb .................................................................................... 5

2.4.= Qoinki Woneuhwulbn Abqb ................................................. 5

2.4.0 Hoqjao Bnblkpb .................................................................. 3

MBM KK EBHBM]BN _H_H WO]_PBCBBN ................................... ;

=.2 Pofb}bc Wo}upbcbbn ....................................................................... ;

=.= Pq}uiqu} J}ebnkpbpk WQ. WLN #Wo}po}j+ UP=IM @bm. Munej ..... 2=

=.0 Woneo}qkbn Wumlk` ]olbqkjn ........................................................... 2?

=.1 Dunepk, Quebp, abn Qufubn Wumlk` ]olbqkjn ................................. 23

=.? Quebp Quebp Wumlk` ]olbqkjn ........................................................ =2

=.4 Qufubn Wumlk` ]olbqkjn ................................................................. =?

=.4.2 Knqo}nbl Wumlk` ]olbqkjn ...................................................... =4

=.4.= Oipqonbl Wumlk` ]olbqkjn .................................................... =5

=.5 Wolbipbnbbn Wumlk` ]olbqkjn Wbab WLN ....................................... =;

kt


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15

MBM KKK WOLBIPBNBBN ABN WOHMBCBPBN ............................... 0=

0.2 Bnblkpkp Wolbipbnbbn Wumlk` ]olbqkjn .......................................... 0=

0.= Wo}bnbn Wumlk` ]olbqkjn ablbh Honkneibqibn Wolb{bnbn

Wbab WQ. WLN #Wo}po}j+ UP=UM @bmbne Hub}b Munej .......... 01

MBM KT WON_Q_W ................................................................................ 03

1.2 Iopkhwulbn ................................................................................... 03

1.= Pb}bn ............................................................................................. 0;

ABDQB] W_PQBIB ............................................................................. 12

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