dukanipātapāḷi 15a2..pāḷi tipiṭaka 18/86
TRANSCRIPT
8/14/2019 Dukanipātapāḷi 15A2..Pāḷi Tipiṭaka 18/86
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8/14/2019 Dukanipātapāḷi 15A2..Pāḷi Tipiṭaka 18/86
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8/14/2019 Dukanipātapāḷi 15A2..Pāḷi Tipiṭaka 18/86
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Mahāsaṅgīti TipiṭakaBuddhavasse 2500
The Buddhist Era 2500
Great International Council Pāḷi Tipiṭaka
40 Vols.
Bangkok Thailand
2553/2010
Dukanipātapāḷi 15A2
pāḷi 18/86
Aṅguttaranikāya
Suttantapiṭaka
8/14/2019 Dukanipātapāḷi 15A2..Pāḷi Tipiṭaka 18/86
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ANGUTTARANIKAYA 69
SUTTANTAPIT˙
AKA
A˙
NGUTTARANIK¯
AYA
DUKANIPATAPAL˙
I
1Namo tassa Bhagavato Arahato Sammasambuddhassa.
1. PAT˙
HAMAPAN˙
N˙
ASAKA5
1.1. KAMMAKARAN˙
AVAGGA
1.1.1. VAJJASUTTA
1.2
Evam˙| me sutam
˙— ekam
˙samayam
˙bhagava savatthiyam
˙viharati 18B96, 20C60,
15Ch149,15Ch249, 20D63,
16N46, 1P147,20S61, 35V63
jetavane anathapin˙
d˙
ikassa arame. Tatr<
a kho bhagava bhikkhu amantesi—
“bhikkhavo”ti. “Bhadante”ti te bhikkhu bhagavato paccassosum˙
. Bhagava10
etadavoca—
3 “Dvemani, bhikkhave, vajjani. Katamani dve?
Dit
˙
t
˙
hadhammikanca vajjam
˙
samparayikanca vajjam
˙
|. Katamanca, 35V64
bhikkhave, dit˙t˙hadhammikam
˙vajjam
˙? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco passati
coram˙
agucarim˙
ra jano gahetv<
a vividha kammakaran˙
a95 karente; kasahipi15
tal˙ente, vettehipi tal
˙ente, addhadan
˙d˙
akehipi tal˙ente, hatthampi chindante,
padampi chindante, hatthapadampi chindante, kan˙
n˙
ampi chindante,
nasampi chindante, kan˙
n˙
anasampi| chindante, bilangathalikampi karonte, 20C61
sankhamun˙
d˙
ikampi karonte, rahumukhampi karonte, jotimalikampi karonte,
hatthapajjotikampi karonte, erakavattikampi karonte, cırakavasikampi| 1P14820
karonte, en˙
eyyakampi| karonte, bal˙isamam
˙sikampi karonte, kahapan
˙ikampi 20D64
karonte, kharapatacchikampi|96
karonte, palighaparivattikampi karonte, 15Ch1
50, 15Ch2
50
palalapıt˙hakampi97 karonte, tattenapi telena osincante, sunakhehipi
khadapente, jıvantampi sule uttasente, asinapi sısam˙
chindante.
4 Tassa evam
˙| hoti— ‘yatharupanam
˙kho papakanam
˙kammanam
˙20S6225
hetu coram˙
agucarim˙
ra jano gahetv<
a vividha kammakaran˙
a karenti;
98kasahipi tal˙enti, vettehipi tal
˙enti, addhadan
˙d˙
akehipi tal˙enti, hatthampi
chindanti, padampi chindanti, hatthapadampi chindanti, kan˙
n˙
ampi
chindanti, nasampi chindanti, kan˙
n˙
anasampi chindanti, bilangathalikampi
karonti, sankhamun˙
d˙
ikampi karonti, rahumukhampi karonti, jotimalikampi30
karonti, hatthapajjotikampi karonti, erakavattikampi karonti,
Dhamma
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70 SUTTANTAPIT˙AKA
cırakavasikampi karonti, en˙
eyyakampi karonti, bal˙isamam
˙sikampi karonti,
kahapan˙
ikampi karonti, kharapatacchikampi karonti, palighaparivattikampi
karonti, palalapıt˙hakampi karonti, tattenapi telena osincanti, sunakhehipi
khadapenti|, jıvantampi sule uttasenti, asinapi sısam˙
chindanti. Ahanceva9916N47
kho pana evarupam˙
papakammam˙
kareyyam˙
, mampi ra jano gahetv<
a 5
evarupa vividha kammakaran˙
a kareyyum˙
; kasahipi tal˙eyyum
˙. . . p e . . .
asinapi sısam˙
chindeyyun’ti. So dit˙t˙hadhammikassa vajjassa bhıto na
paresam˙
pabhatam˙
vilumpanto carati. Idam˙
vuccati, bhikkhave,
dit˙t˙hadhammikam
˙vajjam
˙.
5 Katamanca, bhikkhave, samparayikam
˙vajjam
˙? Idha, bhikkhave, 10
ekacco iti pat˙isancikkhati— ‘kayaduccaritassa kho pana papako dukkho
vipako abhisamparayam
˙
, vacıduccaritassa papako dukkho vipako
abhisamparayam˙
, manoduccaritassa papako dukkho vipako
abhisamparayam˙
. Ahanceva kho pana kayena duccaritam˙
careyyam˙
, vacaya
duccaritam˙
careyyam˙|, manasa duccaritam
˙careyyam
˙. Kinca| tam
˙yaham
˙na35V65; 20C62 15
kayassa bheda param˙
maran˙
a apayam˙
duggatim˙
vinipatam˙
nirayam˙
upapajjeyyan’ti. So| samparayikassa vajjassa bhıto kayaduccaritam˙
pahaya1P149
kayasucaritam˙
bhaveti, vacıduccaritam˙
pahaya vacısucaritam˙
bhaveti,
manoduccaritam˙
pahaya manosucaritam˙
bhaveti, suddham˙
attanam˙
pariharati. Idam˙
vuccati, bhikkhave, samparayikam˙
vajjam˙
. Imani kho, 20
bhikkhave, dve vajjani. Tasm< atiha, bhikkhave, evam sikkhitabbam—‘dit
˙t˙hadhammikassa vajjassa bhayissama, samparayikassa vajjassa
bhayissama, vajjabhıruno| bhavissama| vajjabhayadassavino’ti. Evanh<
i vo,20D65; 15Ch151,15Ch251 bhikkhave, sikkhitabbam
˙. Vajjabhıruno, bhikkhave, vajjabhayadassavino
etam˙
pat˙ikankham
˙yam
˙parimuccissati| sabbavajjehı”ti.20S63 25
6 Pat
˙hamam
˙.
1.1.2. PADHANASUTTA
2.7
100“Dvemani|, bhikkhave, padhanani durabhisambhavani18B98
lokasm<
im˙
. Katamani dve? Yanca gihınam˙
agaram˙
ajjhavasatam˙
cıvara-
pin˙
d˙
apatasenasanagilanapaccayabhesajjaparikkharanuppadanattham˙
30
padhanam˙
, yanca agarasm<
a anagariyam˙
pabbajitanam˙
sabbupadhipat˙inissaggattham
˙padhanam
˙. Imani kho, bhikkhave, dve
padhanani durabhisambhavani lokasm<
im˙
.
8 Etadaggam
˙, bhikkhave, imesam
˙dvinnam
˙padhananam
˙yadidam
˙sabbupadhipatinissaggattham padhanam. Tasm< atiha, bhikkhave, evam 35
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Mahasaagıti
Buddhavasse 2500
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SUTTANTAPIT˙AKA 71
sikkhitabbam˙
— ‘sabbupadhipat˙inissaggattham
˙padhanam
˙padahissama’ti.
Evanh<
i vo, bhikkhave, sikkhitabban”ti.
9 Dutiyam
˙.
1.1.3. TAPANIYASUTTA
3.10
“Dveme|, bhikkhave, dhamma tapanıya. Katame dve? Idha, 20C63, 16N485
bhikkhave, ekaccassa kayaduccaritam˙
katam˙
hoti, akatam˙
hoti
kayasucaritam˙
; vacıduccaritam˙
katam˙
hoti; akatam˙
hoti vacısucaritam˙
;
manoduccaritam˙
katam˙
hoti, akatam˙
hoti manosucaritam˙
. So
‘kayaduccaritam˙
me katan’ti tappati, ‘akatam˙
me kayasucaritan’ti tappati;
‘vacıduccaritam me katan’ti tappati, ‘akatam me vacısucaritan’ti tappati;10
‘manoduccaritam˙
me katan’ti tappati|, ‘akatam˙
me manosucaritan’ti 35V66
tappati. Ime kho, bhikkhave, dve dhamma tapanıya”ti.
11Tatiyam
˙.
1.1.4. ATAPANIYASUTTA
4.
12
“Dveme|, bhikkhave, dhamma atapanıya. Katame| dve? Idha, 20D66
;1P15015
bhikkhave, ekaccassa kayasucaritam˙
katam˙
hoti, akatam˙
hoti
kayaduccaritam˙
; vacısucaritam˙
katam˙
hoti, akatam˙
hoti vacıduccaritam˙
;
manosucaritam˙
katam˙
hoti, akatam˙
hoti manoduccaritam˙
. So
‘kayasucaritam˙
me katan’ti na tappati, ‘akatam˙| me kayaduccaritan’ti na 20S64
tappati; ‘vacısucaritam˙
me katan’ti na tappati, ‘akatam˙
me20
vacıduccaritan’ti na tappati; ‘manosucaritam˙
me katan’ti na tappati,
‘akatam˙
me manoduccaritan’ti na tappati. Ime kho, bhikkhave, dve
dhamma atapanıya”ti.
13 Catuttham
˙.
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PadAnukkamaN˙
ikA SUTTANTAPIT˙
AKA 15A1, 15A2, 15A3, 15A4 (TipiT˙
aka Studies) (549)
TIPIT
˙
AKA
SIKKHA
(Tipit˙aka Studies)
PADANUKKAMAN˙
IKA
(Word Index)
15A1 Ekakanipatapal˙i
15A2 Dukanipatapal˙i
15A3 Tikanipatapal˙i
15A4 Catukkanipatapal˙i
[a] a
akankhı [akaNkhi:] 2 15A4:1126 2
akaccho [akaccho:] 4 15A3:575-578
akacchoti [akaccho:t”i] 4 15A3:575-578
akanh<
aasukkavipakam
[akaïH<
aas”ukkaVipa:ka] 18 15A4:1425,
15A4:1427, 15A4:1431 2 , 15A4:1435,15A4:1439 2 , 15A4:1441, 15A4:1444 2 ,15A4:1446, 15A4:1450 2 , 15A4:1452,15A4:1456 2 , 15A4:1461 2
akan˙h<
aasukkam˙
[akaïH<
aas”ukka] 18
15A4:1425, 15A4:1427, 15A4:1431 2 ,15A4:1435, 15A4:1439 2 , 15A4:1441,15A4:1444 2 , 15A4:1446, 15A4:1450 2 ,15A4:1452, 15A4:1456 2 , 15A4:1461 2
akatakaly<
an˙a [akat”akal”j
<
a:ïa:] 4
15A3:314-315, 15A3:319-320
akatakaly<
an˙anam
˙[akat”akal”j
<
a:ïa:n”a]
1 15A4:1121akatakaly
<
an˙o [akat”akal”j
<
a:ïo:] 1
15A4:1121
akatakibbisanam˙
[akat”akibbis”a:n”a]1 15A4:1125
akatakibbiso [akat”akibbis”o:] 1
15A4:1125
akatakusala [akat”akus”al”a:] 4
15A3:314-315, 15A3:319-320
akatakusalanam˙
[akat”akus”al”a:n”a] 1
15A4:1121
akatakusalo [akat”akus”al”o:] 1
15A4:1121
akatannuta [akat”aññut”a:] 5 15A2:71
2 , 15A4:1379, 15A4:1399, 15A4:1405
akatannutasutta [akat”aññut”a:s”ut”t”a]2 15A4 (5.2.3), 15A4 (5.3.3)
akatannu [akat”aññu:] 2 15A2:71,15A4:1424
akatatta [akat”at”t”a:] 4 15A2:44 2 ,15A2:45 2
akatapapanam˙
[akat”apa:pa:n”a] 1
15A4:1125
akatapapo [akat”apa:po:] 1 15A4:1125
akatapubbam˙
[akat”apubba] 1
15A4:752
akatabhıruttan˙a [akat”abHi:õut”t”a:ïa:]
4 15A3:314-315, 15A3:319-320
akatabhıruttan˙anam
˙[akat”abHi:õut”t”a:ïa:n”a] 1 15A4:1121
akatabhıruttan˙o [akat”abHi:õut”t”a:ïo:]
1 15A4:1121
akataluddanam˙
[akat”al”ud”d”a:n”a] 1
15A4:1125
akataluddo [akat”al”ud”d”o:] 1
15A4:1125
akatavedita [akat”aVe:d”it”a:] 4
15A2:71 2 , 15A4:1379, 15A4:1405akatavedı [akat”aVe:d”i:] 1 15A2:71
akatam˙
[akat”a] 24 15A2:10 6 , 15A2:12
6 , 15A2:45 6 , 15A4:1121 3 , 15A4:1125 3
akatham˙kathı [akat”hakat”hi:] 1
15A4:1276
akanit˙t˙hagamino [akan”iúú haga:min”o:]
1 15A4:840
akanit˙t˙hagamı [akan”iúú haga:mi:] 2
15A3:754, 15A3:759
akantaya [akan”t”a:ja] 2 15A1:394 2
akantena [akan”t”e:n”a] 4 15A4:1289 2 ,15A4:1290 2
akanto [akan”t”o:] 8 15A1:373-374,15A1:376-377, 15A4:1290 2 , 15A4:1291 2
akappiyampi [akappijampi] 4
15A4:792 4
akappiyasannı [akappijas”aññi:] 4
15A2:184-185, 15A2:194-195
akappiyam˙
[akappija] 4 15A4:792 4
akappiye [akappije:] 4 15A2:184-185,15A2:194-195
akampitthati [akampit”t”
h
a:t”i] 115A3:972
akammaniyavagga
[akamman”ijaVagga ] 1 15A1 (3)
akammaniyavaggo
[akamman”ijaVaggo:] 1 15A1:65
akammaniyam˙
[akamman”ija] 2
15A1:45 2
akammasakarı [akamma:s”aka:õi:] 3
15A4:1186, 15A4:1493-1494
akammasani [akamma:s”a:n”i] 1
15A3:626
akammasehi [akamma:s”e:Hi] 1
15A4:375
akayiramanam˙
[akajiõama:n”a] 2
15A
4:764-765akaran
˙a [akaõaïa:] 1 15A3:678
akaran˙ıyanti [akaõaïi:jan”t”i] 3
15A3:420, 15A3:422, 15A3:424
akaran˙ıyam
˙[akaõaïi:ja] 4 15A2:47 4
akaran˙ıye [akaõaïi:je:] 3 15A2:47 3
akarontam˙
[akaõo;n”t”a] 2 15A3:516,15A3:521
akasavatta [akas”a:Vat”t”a:] 3 15A3:63
3
akasava [akas”a:Va:] 3 15A3:63 3
akasiralabhı [akas”iõal”a:bHi:] 10
15A3:451, 15A3:453, 15A3:455, 15A3:457,15A4:147, 15A4:241-243, 15A4:593-594
akasiralabhıti [akas”iõal”a:bHi:t”i] 8
15A3:449, 15A3:451, 15A3:452 2 ,15A3:454 2 , 15A3:456 2
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NAnApAT˙
Ha SUTTANTAPIT˙
AKA 15A1, 15A2, 15A3, 15A4 (TipiT˙
aka Studies) (723)
TIPIT
˙
AKA
SIKKHA
(Tipit˙aka Studies Reference)
NANAPAT˙
HA
(Variant Readings & Reference)
15A1 Ekakanipatapal˙i
15A2 Dukanipatapal˙i
15A3 Tikanipatapal˙i
15A4 Catukkanipatapal˙i
2. 3 15A1:23 10. Rupadivaggo2 : vaggo (sı. sya1-3.)
4. 4 15A1:28 13. ..anuppannam˙
va thinamiddham˙
4 : thınamiddham˙
(sı. sya1-3. kam˙
. pa1.)
5. 4 15A1:28 13. ..bhikkhave, arati tandı5 : tandi (sya1-3. ka.-ma)
6. 4 15A1:28 13. ..tandı5 vijambhita6 : vijambhika (sı. sya1-3. kam˙
. pa1.)
7. 5 15A1:36 17. 7“Naham˙
, bhikkhave, annam˙
.. : 27Pe:384
9.
6 15A1:45 21. ..yathayidam, bhikkhave, cittam9
: yathayidam cittam (sı. pa1.)11. 11 15A1:87 41. ..padam
˙va bhecchati11 : bhejjati (ka.-sı), bhijjissati (sya1-3. kam
˙. ka.-ma)
moggallanaby<
akaran˙
am˙
12. 11 15A1:91 43. 12“Idhaham˙
13, bhikkhave.. : 18It:103; 27Ne:639
13. 11 15A1:91 43. 12“Idhaham˙
13 : idaham˙
(sı.)
14. 12 15A1:93 44. 14“Idhaham˙
15, bhikkhave.. : 18It:155; 27Ne:719
15. 12 15A1:93 44. 14“Idhaham˙
15 : idaham˙
(sı.)
16. 12 15A1:95 45. ..udakarahado avilo lul˙ito16 : lulito (sı. sya1-3.)
17. 12 15A1:95 45. ..na passeyya sippisambukampi17 : sippikasambukampi (ka.-ma)
19. 14 15A1:112 53. ..bhikkhave, bhikkhu mettacittam˙
19 : mettam˙
cittam˙
(sı.), mettacittam˙
(sya1-3. kam˙
. pa1.ka.-ma)
21. 16 15A1:129 61. ..yathayidam˙
, bhikkhave, vıriyarambho21 : viriyarambho (sı. sya1-3. kam˙
. pa1.)
23. 28 15A1:236130. ..bhikkhave, bhikkh
ubahujanaahit
aya
23
: bahujana
hita
ya (sı
. sya
1-3. pa
1.)24. 28 15A1:236 130. ..23 pat
˙ipanna bahujanaasukhaya24 : bahujanasukhaya (sı. sya1-3. pa1.)
25. 28 15A1:236 130. ..pasavanti, te cimam˙
25 : tepimam˙
(ka.-sı)
26. 29 15A1:238 131. “Ye te26 : yepi te (sya1-3.)
27. 29 15A1:243 140. ..saddhammam˙t˙hapentı”ti27 : thapentıti (ka.-ma)
28. 32 15A1:263 170. 28“Ekapuggalo, bhikkhave, loke.. : 28Mi:1072
29. 33 15A1:266 173. ..bahuno janassa anutappa29 : anutappa (ka.-sı)
30. 34 15A1:269 187. 30“Naham˙
, bhikkhave, annam˙
.. : 28Mi:1537
32. 34 15A1:271 188. ..rattannunam˙
yadidam˙
annasikon˙d˙
anno32 : annakon˙d˙
anno (sı. sya1-3. kam˙
. pa1.),annatakon
˙d˙
annoti (ka.-ma)
33. 34 15A1:273 190. 33. . . Iddhimantanam˙
yadidam˙
mahamoggallano : 28Mi:854 iddhikammavipakapanh<
e
34. 34 15A1:274 191. . . . Dhutavadanam˙
34 : dhutavadanam˙
(sya1-3.), dhutangadharanam˙
(katthaci)
35. 35 15A1:277194. . . . M a
n
jussara
nam˙ yadida
m˙ laku
n˙d˙aka
35
: lakun˙t˙aka (s
ı
. sya
1-3. kam˙ . p
a1.)
36. 35 15A1:282 198. ..abhinimminantanam˙
yadidam˙
cul˙apanthako36 : cullapanthako (sı. sya1-3. kam
˙. pa1.)
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1
Quick Guide
The World Edition in Roman Script
and
Tipiṭaka Studies Reference
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3 Quick Guide to the World Tipiṭaka & Tipiṭaka Studies Reference
Fonts
Small Caps (in bold)title for printing, not to be recited
i.e. : MAHĀVAGGAPĀḶI
Normal
text of the Pāḷi Tipiṭaka in Roman Script, to be recited
i.e. : Tena samayena buddho bhagavā...
Bold
important phrases, etc., to facilitate translation
and for quick reference, specially in volumes
1V1-3V1, 6D1, see volume abbreviations page 5
i.e. : Yo panāti yo yādiso yathāyutto...
Capital Letter
rst Romanised alphabet of the Pāḷi text in a sentence
Numbers
Division Number reference to Division Number of the B.E. 2500
Great International Council Pāḷi Tipiṭaka Edition
Title Number
indicates book-format structure of the World Tipiṭaka,
see reference note, page 5
Cross-Reference Numberreference to Variant-Readings & notes in other editions,
see page 8 also 6 -7
Line Number
for quick, vertical identication of the text
Paragraph Number basic reference of the World Tipiṭaka for textual studies,
i.e. Tipiṭaka Quotation 3V1:2-3 (volume 3/1, paragraph no. 2-3)
Phrase-Variant-Reading Number & Referencereference to Phrase-Variant-Reading in other editions,
see reference note, page 6
Pronunciation & Recitation
‿ Linkage Markindicates Cluster Sound, see page 14
International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA Pāḷi) to facilitate Pāḷi recitation, see page 14-15
Symbols
o Right View Sign (32Kv)
to emphasise right-view passage in Kathāvatthupāḷi
x Wrong View Sign (32Kv)to emphasise content not to be mistaken as
right-view passage in in Kathāvatthupāḷi
— Em-Dash indicates that the following Pāḷi text is
a quotation, to facilitate Pāḷi recitation
, Comma
used to separate a text, specially in verse
- Hyphen
used to separate parts of compound words
>> Sequence Sign (33Y-35Y) text presented in sequential order in Yamapāḷi
<< Reverse Sign (33Y-35Y)
text presented in reverse order in Yamapāḷi
( ) Parenthesis indicates information of Dhamma numbers
(above Title) and summary of Dhamma numbers
(in Paṭṭhana) (39P-40P)
[ ] Bracket
indicates International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA Pāḷi)
see index at the end of volume, i.e. [tu‿mɦeː]
+ Plus Sign
indicates word components, in reference note
= Equal Sign
used in reference note
| Page Mark
indicates the rst word of the text appearing
on a page of other Tipiṭaka editions, a reference
of which is given in the margin, see page 6 -7
...pe Pe Sign
repetition passage omitted, to be recited
... Subsequent Repetition Omitted
subsequent omitted, to be recited
“ ” Double Quotation Mark
‘ ’ Single Quotation Mark “ ” Small Double Quotation Mark
‘ ’ Small Single Quotation Mark
all used to facilitate translation
; Semicolon
punctuation, used specially in verse
. Full Stop
punctuation, end of sentence
? Question Mark
indicates a question or a mark of attention,
to facilitate translation
A
B
C
F
G
H
D
E
I
K
L
M
N
O
P
Q
R
J
S
T
U
V
W
X
˙ ˙ ˙ ˙
[
[
[
[
[
[
[
[
[
[
[
[
[
[
[
[
[
[
[[
[
[
[
[
[
[
[
[
[
[
[
[
[
[t”umH<
e:]
[
[
[
[
[
[
[
[
[
[
[
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[
[
[
[
[
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Symbols
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4
1V1
2V2
3V3
4V4
5V5
6D1
7D2
8D3
9M1
10M2
11M3
12S1-2
13S3-4
14S5
15A1-4
16A5-7
17A8-11
18Kh, Dh,
Ud, It, Sn
19Vv, Pv,Th1, Th2,
20Ap1-2
21Bu
21Cp
22J
23J
24Mn
25Cn
26Ps
27Ne, Pe
28Mi
29Dhs
30Vbh
31Dht, Pu
32Kv
33Y1-5
34Y6-8
35Y9-10
36P1
37P1
38P2
39P3-6
40P7-24
V i n
a y a p i ṭ a 5 V o l s .
S u t t a n t a p i ṭ a 2 3 V o l s .
A b
h i d h a m m a p i ṭ a 1 2 V o l s .
Height : 31 cm.Width : 22.5 cm.
Height : 31 cm.Total length : 165 cm. (approx. with references)
Tipiṭaka Studies References by Dhamma Society 2010
Plate 1 : 40-Volume Set Edition (Visual Details)Showing Piṭaka Volume Sequences and Title Abbreviations, image from the rst edition 2003
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5
Plate 2 : Volume Titles of the Pāḷi TipiṭakaShowing Tipiṭaka Volume Abbreviations, Paragraph Number References, Volume Titles and Pāḷi Numbers
i.e. 1V1 indicates Vinayapiṭaka Volume 1/40 (318 pages), book 1/5, containing 2438 paragraphs, from Pāḷi Book No. 1/86
for new reference, i.e. Pāḷi 1:2438 indicates Pāḷi Book No. 1 or Pārājikapāḷi and Paragraph No. 2438
Abbr. Paragraph No. Volume Title Pāḷi Pages
(volume 6-28) Suttantapiṭaka Sutta (Pāḷi 6-47)
(vol. 27-28) Khuddakanikāya Khu (Pāḷi 45-47)
27Ne 27Ne: 1- 1143 Nett ipāḷ i 45290
27Pe 27Pe :1 -1 003 Peṭakopadesapāḷi 46
Mi 28Mi :1-2032 Mil indapañhapāḷ i 47 329
(volume 29-40) Abhidhammapiṭaka Abhi (Pāḷi 48-86)
29Dhs 29Dhs:1-2329 Dhammasaṅgaṇīpāḷ i 48 286
30Vbh 30Vbh:1-3258 Vibhaṅgapāḷ i 49 414
31Dht 31Dht:1-643 Dhātukathāpāḷ i 50155
31Pu 31Pu: 1- 550 Puggal apañña tti pā ḷi 51
32Kv 32Kv:1-2805 Kathāvatthupā ḷi 52 376
(vol. 33-35) Yamaka Y (Pāḷi 53-62)
33Y1-5
33Y1: 1- 262 Mūlayamakapāḷ i 53
326
33Y2: 1- 994 Khandhayamakapāḷ i 54
33Y3:1-1941 Āyatanayamakapāḷi 55
33Y4: 1- 244 Dhā tuyamakapāḷ i 56
33Y5: 1- 824 Saccayamakapāḷ i 57
34Y6-8
34Y6: 1- 686 Saṅkhārayamakapā ḷi 58
31934Y7:1-2331 Anusayayamakapāḷi 59
34Y8: 1- 563 Cit tayamakapāḷ i 60
35Y9-1035Y9: 1- 959 Dhammayamakapāḷ i 61
38935Y10:1-4405 Indriyayamakapāḷi 62
(volume 36-40) Paṭṭhāna P (Pāḷi 63-86)
(vol. 36-39) Dhammānuloma (Pāḷi 63-68)
36P1 36P1:1-2938 Tikapaṭṭhānapā ḷi63
457
37P1 37P1:1-3102 Tikapaṭṭhānapā ḷi 475
38P2 38P2:1-4841 Dukapaṭṭhānapā ḷi 64 800
39P3-6
39P3:1-2767 Dukatikapaṭṭhānapāḷi 65
48239P4:1-1925 Tikadukapaṭṭhānapāḷ i 66
39P5:1-450 Tikatikapaṭṭhānapā ḷi 67
39P6: 1- 304 Dukadukapa ṭṭhānapā ḷi 68
(vol. 40) Dhammapaccanīya (Pāḷi 69-74)
40P7-24
40P7 :1-86 Tikapaṭṭhānapāḷi 69
437
40P8: 1- 313 Dukapa ṭṭhānapāḷ i 70
40P9:1-227 Dukatikapaṭṭhānapā ḷi 71
40P10:1-209 Tikadukapaṭṭhānapāḷ i 7240P11:1-195 Tikatikapaṭṭhānapāḷ i 73
40P12:1-212 Dukadukapaṭṭhānapāḷi 74
(vol. 40) Dhammānulomapaccanīya (Pāḷi 75-80)
40P13:1-140 Tikapaṭṭhānapā ḷi 75
40P14:1-186 Dukapaṭṭhānapā ḷi 76
40P15:1-291 Dukatikapaṭṭhānapāḷi 77
40P16:1-351 Tikadukapaṭṭhānapāḷ i 78
40P17:1-142 Tikatikapaṭṭhānapāḷ i 79
40P18:1-230 Dukadukapaṭṭhānapāḷi 80
(vol. 40) Dhammapaccanīyānuloma (Pāḷi 81-86)
40P19:1-108 Tikapaṭṭhānapā ḷi 81
40P20:1-167 Dukapaṭṭhānapā ḷi 82
40P21:1-360 Dukatikapaṭṭhānapāḷi 83
40P22:1-262 Tikadukapaṭṭhānapāḷ i 84
40P23:1-212 Tikatikapaṭṭhānapāḷ i 85
40P24:1-203 Dukadukapaṭṭhānapāḷi 86
Ti pi ṭ ak
a S t u d i e
s R ef er en
c e s b yDh
amm
a S o ci e
t y2
0 1
0
V ol um
e i nf or m
a t i oni s
b a s e d on
t h e I n
t e r n
a t i on
al Ti pi ṭ ak
a C ol l e
c t i on
d on
a t e d i n2
0 0 0 b yDh
amm
a S o c i e
t y t o t h e I n
t e r n
a t i on
al Ti pi ṭ ak
aH
al l ,
C h
ul al on
gk
or n
Uni v
er s i t y
Abbr. Paragraph No. Volume Title Pāḷi Pages
(volume 1-5) Vinayapiṭaka V (Pāḷi 1-5)
1V1 1V1 :1 -2 438 Pārāj ikapāḷi 1 318
2V2 2V2 :1 -3 585 Pācittiyapāḷi 2 403
3V3 3V3 :1 -2 044 Mahāvaggapāḷi 3 444
4V4 4V4 :1 -2 303 Cūḷavaggapāḷi 4 430
5V5 5V5 :1 -2 479 Parivārapāḷi 5 340
(volume 6-28) Suttantapiṭaka Sutta (Pāḷi 6-47)
(vol. 6-8) Dīkhanikāya D (Pāḷi 6-8)
6D1 6D1:1 -961 S īl akkhandhavaggapā ḷi 6 196
7D2 7D2 :1 -1 150 Mahāvaggapāḷi 7 236
8D3 8D3:1 -1376 Pāth ikavaggapāḷi 8 219
(vol. 9-11) Majjhimanikāya M (Pāḷi 9-11)
9M1 9M1:1 -1781 Mūlapaṇṇā sapāḷ i 9 345
10M2 10M2:1-1552 Majjhimapaṇṇāsapāḷ i 10 359
11M3 11M3:1-1296 Uparipaṇṇāsapāḷ i 11 289
(vol. 12-14) Saṃyuttanikāya S (Pāḷi 12-16)
12S1-212S1:1-1706 Sagāthāvaggasaṃyuttapāḷ i 12
42812S2:1-1320 Nidānavaggasaṃyuttapāḷ i 13
13S3-413S3:1-1358 Khandhavaggasaṃyuttapāḷ i 14
53413S4:1-1837 Saḷāyatanavaggasaṃyuttapāḷ i 15
14S5 14S5:1-2557 Mahāvaggasaṃyuttapāḷ i 16 392
(vol. 15-17) Aṅguttaranikāya A (Pāḷi 17-27)
15A1-4
15A1: 1- 483 Ekakanipā tapā ḷi 17
54815A2: 1-2 97 Dukanipātapāḷi 18
15A3:1-1150 Tikanipātapā ḷi 19
15A4:1-1611 Catukkanipātapā ḷi 20
16A5-7
16A5:1-1419 Pañcakanipātapā ḷi 21
45616A6: 1- 781 Chakkanipā tapāḷ i 22
16A7:1-1132 Sattakanipātapā ḷi 23
17A8-11
17A8: 1- 863 Aṭṭhakanipā tapāḷ i 24
48917A9: 1- 493 Navakanipā tapā ḷi 25
17A10:1-1534 Dasakanipātapāḷ i 26
17A11:1-233 Ekādasakanipātapāḷi 27
(vol. 18-26) Khuddakanikāya Khu (Pāḷi 28-44)
18Kh 18Kh:1- 106 Khuddakapā ṭhapāḷ i 28
41818Dh 18Dh:1 -4 68 Dhammapadapāḷi 2918Ud 18Ud :1-7 66 Udānapāḷi 30
18It 18 It:1-85 8 Itivuttakapāḷi 31
18Sn 18Sn:1-1383 Suttanipātapā ḷi 32
19Vv 19Vv:1-1148 Vimānavatthupā ḷi 33
41219Pv 19Pv: 1- 885 Petava tthupā ḷi 34
19Th1 19Th1:1-1164 Theragāthāpāḷ i 35
19Th2 19Th2:1-617 Therīgāthāpāḷ i 36
20Ap1-220Ap1:1-7892
20Ap2:1-1465
Therāpadānapāḷi
Therīapadānapāḷi
37695
38
21Bu 21Bu:1-1099 Buddhavaṃsapāḷ i 39120
21Cp 21Cp:1- 419 Car iyāp iṭ akapāḷ i 40
22J 22 J:1 -3 63 8 Jātakapāḷi41
358
23J 23 J:1 -3 80 3 Jātakapāḷi 340
24Mn 24Mn:1-2070 Mahāniddesapā ḷi 42 350
25Cn 25Cn:1-1575 Cūḷaniddesapā ḷi 43 260
26Ps 26Ps:1-1947 Paṭisambhidāmaggapāḷ i 44 365
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Plate 4 : Reference to the Pāḷi Tipiṭaka Editions in Various ScriptsShowing Abbreviations in Pāḷi-Language Alphabetically Order with Titles
PhratraitipiṭakapāḷiPāḷi Tipiṭaka in Mūla (Khmer) Script
พระไตรปฎกปา ฉบบเขมร อกษรมละ (เขมร)
Chulachomklao Pāḷi TipiṭakaPāḷi Tipiṭaka of King Chulachomklao the Great of Siam in Siam Scriptพระไตรปฎกปา ฉบบจลจอมเกลาบรมธมมกมหาราช ร.ศ. 112 อกษรสยาม
Chaṭṭhasaṅgīti Piṭakaṃ Pāḷi Tipiṭaka of the Sixth Council in Burmese Script, B.E. 2496-2499
พระไตรปฎกปา ฉบบฉฏฐสงคต อกษรพมา
Chaṭṭhasaṅgīti PiṭakaṃPāḷi Tipiṭaka of the Sixth Council in Burmese Script, B.E. 2500-2506
พระไตรปฎกปา ฉบบฉฏฐสงคต อกษรพมา
Dayyaraṭṭhassa Saṅgītitepiṭakaṃ Pāḷi Tipiṭaka of Thailand Council in Thai Script
พระไตรปฎกปา ฉบบไทยร ฐ อกษรไทย
Nālandā-Devanāgarī-Pāli-Series TipiṭakaThe Pāḷi Tipiṭaka of Nālandā in Devanāgarī Script
พระไตรปฎกปา ฉบบนาลนทา อกษรเทวนาคร
Pali Text Society
The Pali Text in Roman Script หนงสอบาล ฉบบบาลปกรณ อกษรโรมน
BuddhajayantītripiṭakagranthamālāBuddhajayanti Tripitaka Series in Sinhala Script
พระไตรปฎกปา ฉบบพทธชยนต อกษรสงหล
Mahasaṅgīti Tipiṭaka Buddhavasse 2500 The Buddhist Era 2500 Great International Council Pāḷi Tipiṭaka in Roman Script
พระไตรปฎกปา ฉบบมหาสงคายนาสากลนานาชาต พ.ศ. 2500 อกษรโรมน
MahāchuḷātepiṭakaṃPāḷi Tipiṭaka of Mahachulalongkorn in Thai Script
พระไตรปฎกปา ฉบบมหาจฬาลงกรณราชวทยาลย อกษรไทย
Lāvaraṭṭhassa TepiṭakapāḷiPāḷi Tipiṭaka of Laos in Laotian Script
พระไตรปฎกปา ฉบบลาวร ฐ อกษรธมมลาว
Vipassanā Research Institute Tipiṭaka Pāḷi Tipiṭaka of Vipassanā Research Institute in Devanāgarī Script
พระไตรปฎกปา ฉบบสถาบนวจยวปสสนา อกษรเทวนาคร
Syāmaraṭṭhassa TepiṭakaṃPāḷi Tipiṭaka of Siam in Thai Script
พระไตรปฎกปา ฉบบสยามร ฐ อกษรไทย
Kh
Ch1
Ch2
D
N
P1-2
B
M
Mc
L
V
S
C
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8
Plate 5 : Reference to the Pāḷi Tipiṭaka Editions in Various Scripts (Details)Showing Abbreviations of Various Edition and Corresponding Reference Notes (in order of years printed)
No. Script Vols.* Abbr. Note Tipiṭaka in PāḷiTitle in English
B.E.
(C.E.)Printed in
1Siam
(Thai)39 C syā1.
Chulachomklao of Siam Pāḷi Tipiṭaka
Pāḷi Tipiṭaka of King Chulachomklao the Great of Siam
2436
1893
Bangkok, Siam
(Thailand)
2
Thai
45 — syā2.Syāmaraṭṭhassa Tepiṭakaṃ
Pāḷi Tipiṭaka of Siam (Siam Script)
2469-2471
1926-1928
Bangkok, Thailand
3 45 S syā3.Syāmaraṭṭhassa Tepiṭakaṃ
Pāḷi Tipiṭaka of Siam (Thai Script)
2538
1995
4 — syā3. Syāmaraṭṭhassa Tepiṭakaṃ since 1893 (in Reference Notes)2436-2538
1893–1995
5 45 Mc —Mahācūḷātepiṭakaṃ
Pāḷi Tipiṭaka of Mahachulalongkorn
2503-2533
1960-1990
6 45 D —Dayyaraṭṭhassa Saṅgītitepiṭakaṃ
Pāḷi Tipiṭaka Thailand of Council
2530
1987
7
Burmese
40 Ch1 cha1.*Chaṭṭhasaṅgīti PiṭakaṃPāḷi Tipiṭaka of the Sixth Council (1st ed.)
2496-24991952-1955
Yangon, Burma
(Myanmar)
8 40 Ch2 cha2.*Chaṭṭhasaṅgīti Piṭakaṃ
Pāḷi Tipiṭaka of the Sixth Council (2nd ed.)
2500-2506
1956-1962
9 — cha3.Chaṭṭhasaṅgīti Piṭakaṃ
Pāḷi Tipiṭaka of the Sixth Council (Latest ed. in 1997)
after 2541
1997
10 — ka.-ma.* Maramma Tipiṭaka (in reference note)2541
1997
11
Sinhala
52 B sī Buddhajayantītripiṭakagranthamālā
Buddhajayanti Tripitaka Series
2501-2531
1957-1989 Colombo,
Sri Lanka12 ka.-sī.* Sinhala Tipiṭaka (in reference note)
before 2501
1957
13Mūla
(Khmer)112 Kh kaṃ.
Phratraipiṭakapāḷi
Pāḷi Tipiṭaka of Cambodia
2501-2512
1958-1969
Phnom Penh,
Cambodia
14 Laotian 3 L —LāvaraṭṭhassaPāḷi Tipiṭaka of Laos
2500
1957-1989
Vientiane,
Laos
15
Devanāgarī
41 N —Nālandā-Devanāgarī-Pāḷi-Series
Pāḷi Tipiṭaka of Nālandā
2500-2505
1956-1961
Varanasi,
India
16 55 V —Vipassanā Research Institute
Pāḷi Tipiṭaka of Vipassanā Research Institute
2537-2542
1993-1998
Igatpuri, India
Taipei, Taiwan
17 Roman 40 M —Mahāsaṅgīti Tipiṭaka Buddhavasse 2500
The B.E. 2500 Great International Council Pāḷi Tipiṭaka
2545, 2548
2002, 2005
Bangkok,
Thailand
No. Script Vols. Abbr. NoteTipiṭaka in Pāḷi
Title in English
B.E.
(C.E.)Printed in
1
Roman
56 P1 pā1. Pali Text Society (1st ed.)2424-2535
(1881-1992)
London, Oxford,
England2 5 P2 pā2. Pali Text Society (2nd ed.)
2517-2541
(1974-1998)
3 56 — pā1-2. pā1., pā2.2424-2541
(1881-1998)
4 Thai 1 Mk maku.Mahāmakurājāvidyālai
Mahamakut University (Only in 28Mi)
2466
(1923)
Bangkok,
Thailand
Vols.* Volume information is based on the International Tipiṭaka Collection, researched and presented as a donation in 2000 by Dhamma Society
Fund to be preserved at the International Tipiṭaka Hall, Chulalongkorn University in Bangkok.
cha1.*, cha2.* The B.E. 2500 Great International Pāḷi Tipiṭaka in Roman Script (M) is based on two editions of the International Council Manuscript,
namely, the early edition printed in B.E. 2496-2499 (1954-1956) (Ch1) and the later edition printed in B.E. 2500-2506 (1958-1964) (Ch2) both
of which are indicated in a pagination reference in the margin of the text, Volumes No. 1-38, as (Ch1-2).
As for the remaining Volumes No. 39-40, the Roman-script Edition ( M) is based on Volumes No. 39-40 of the early edition printed in B.E.
2496-2499 (1954-1956) which is indicated in a pagination reference in the romanised text, Volumes No. 39-40, as (Ch1).
Also see the Introduction of the Roman-script Tipiṭaka on page [12] for the reason and the authenticity of the two manuscripts selected.
ka.-ma.* refers to other Burmese Tipiṭaka reference in reference notes, mostly Pañcamasaṅgīti Edition.
ka.-sī.* refers to other Sinhalese Tipiṭaka reference in reference notes, excluding the Buddhajayanti Tripitaka Series.
Pali Text Edition References
Ti pi ṭ ak
a S t u d i e
s R ef er
en c e s b yDh
amm
a S o ci e
t y2
0 1
0
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9
Plate 6 (1/5) : Comparative Pāḷi Tipiṭaka Volumes in Various ScriptsShowing Abbreviations and Total Pages of Each Tipiṭaka Edition in Various National Scripts
Mahāsaṅgīti Tipiṭaka Buddhavasse 2500 (M) M Ch1-2 V N B C S D Mc L P1-2
Volume Description (pāḷi le) Volume Number & Total Pages in Italic
V i n a y a p i ṭ a k a
Pārājikapāḷi (pāḷi 1) 1V1 1 87 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3P1
Mahāvibhaṅga
Verañjakaṇḍa
1. Pārājikakaṇḍa 415
2. Saṅghādisesakaṇḍa
3. Aniyatakaṇḍa 434 444 388 341
4. Nissaggiyakaṇḍa 318 381 395 375 640 2 2 2 2 266
Pācittiyapāḷi (pāḷi 2) 2V2 2 88 2 2.1 4P1
5. Pācittiyakaṇḍa
6. Pāṭidesanīyakaṇḍa
7. Sekhiyakaṇḍa
8. Adhikaraṇasamatha 558 485 571 466 427
Bhikkhunivibhaṅga 2.2 3 3 3 3
1. Pārājikakaṇḍa (Bhikkhuni. . . )
2. Saṅghādisesakaṇḍa (Bhikkhuni. . . )
3. Nissaggiyakaṇḍa (Bhikkhuni. . . )
4. Pācittiyakaṇḍa (Bhikkhuni. . . )
5. Pāṭidesanīyakaṇḍa (Bhikkhuni. . . )
6. Sekhiyakaṇḍa (Bhikkhuni. . . )
7. Adhikaraṇasamatha (Bhikkhuni. . . ) 403 470 448 490 382 267 267 247 231 351
Mahāvaggapāḷi (pāḷi 3) 3V3 3 89 3 3 4 4 4 4 1P1
1. Mahākhandhaka
2. Uposathakkhandhaka
3. Vassūpanāyikakkhandhaka
4. Pavāraṇākkhandhaka 516 372 362 316 278
5. Cammakkhandhaka 4 5 5 5 5
6. Bhesajjakkhandhaka
7. Kathinakkhandhaka
8. Cīvarakkhandhaka
9. Campeyyakkhandhaka
10. Kosambakakkhandhaka 444 511 485 392 894 321 356 299 262 360
Cūḷavaggapāḷi (pāḷi 4) 4V4 4 4 4 5.1 6 6 6 6 2P1
1. Kammakkhandhaka
2. Pārivāsikakkhandhaka
3. Samuccayakkhandhaka
4. Samathakkhandhaka 434 340 374 301 273
5. Khuddakavatthukkhandhaka 5.2 7 7 7 7
6. Senāsanakkhandhaka
7. Saṅghabhedakakkhandhaka
8. Vattakkhandhaka
9. Pātimokkhaṭṭhapanakkhandhaka
10. Bhikkhunikkhandhaka
11. Pañcasatikakkhandhaka
12. Sattasatikakkhandhaka 430 508 479 431 598 387 423 348 304 308
Parivārapāḷi (pāḷi 5) 5V5 5 91 5 6.1 8 8 8 8 5P1
1. Katthapaññattivāra
. . .
5. Samathabheda 382
6. Khandakapucchāvāra 6.2
...
Pañcavagga 340 390 417 396 318 487 554 470 460 226
Total Volumes 40 40 55 41 52 39 45 45 45 3 52
Ti pi ṭ ak
a S t u d i e
s R ef er en
c e s b yDh
amm
a S o ci
e t y2
0 1
0
V ol um
e i nf or m
a t i oni s
b a s e d on
t h e I n
t e r n
a t i on
al Ti pi ṭ ak
a C ol l e
c t i on
d on
a t e d i n2
0 0 0 b yDh
amm
a S o c i e
t y t o t h e I n
t e r n
a t i on
al Ti pi ṭ ak
aH
al l ,
C h
ul al on
gk
or n
Uni v
er s i t y
8/14/2019 Dukanipātapāḷi 15A2..Pāḷi Tipiṭaka 18/86
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Plate 7 : Guide to Pāḷi Pronunciation (8 Vowels) and Cluster SoundsShowing Siam - Roman Script Transliteration & Pāḷi Transcription in International Phonetic Alphabet
Audio of Pāḷi Tipiṭaka Recitation by Siri Petchai, the informant for IPA Pāḷi, is available at www.tipitakaquotation.net
Front Central Back
High i อ ī อ u อ ū อ
[i] [iː] [u] [uː]
Low a อะ ā อา
[a] [aː]
Mid e เอ o โอ
[eː/eˑ] [oː/oˑ]
Cluster Sounds
Siam Roman IPA
กลยา ka‿
lyā [ka‿
l jaː]
อทมพรว idama‿br avī [idama
‿
b ɻ aʋiː]
อปลว u‿
plava [u ‿
pl aʋa]
จตตกเลเสห citta‿
klesehi [cit ta‿
kl eːseːɦi]
กตวา ka‿tvā [ka
‿
t ʋaː ]
ตส มา ta‿smā [ ta
‿
smaː ]
พ ย คฆ by‿ aggha [ bj
‿ aɡɡʱa ]
To facilitate the Pāḷi pronunciation, a linkage mark ( ‿ ) is printed both in the Roman script and theInternational Phonetic Alphabet Pāḷi (IPA Pāḷi), to indicate the continuation of the preceding vowel of
the cluster with the cluster itself. The rst consonant of the cluster functions both as the nal of the rstsyllable and as the beginning of the initial cluster (in bold) in the next syllable.
Cluster Sounds with /h/
Siam Roman IPA
ป หา pa‿ñh ā [pa
‿
ɲɦ aː]
ตณหา ta‿
ṇh ā [ ta‿
ɳɦ aː]
ตเม ห tu‿mhe [tu
‿mɦ eː ]
มย หเต mu‿
yhate [mu‿
jɦateː]
วลหเต vu‿lh ate [ʋu
‿lɦateː]
อวห โต a‿vh ito [a
‿ʋɦitoː ]
รฬ ห rū‿
ḷhi [ɻu‿ː
ɭɦi] V i c h i n P a n u p o n g , W o r l d T i p i ṭ a k a 2 0 1 0
Siam script Roman script IPA
เอต etaṃ [ etã]
นพพ ต nibbutiṃ [nibbut ĩ ]
พาห bāhuṃ [baːɦũ ]
Nasalised Vowel Sounds
8/14/2019 Dukanipātapāḷi 15A2..Pāḷi Tipiṭaka 18/86
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15
Plate 8 : Guide to Pāḷi Pronunciation (33 Consonants)Showing Siam - Roman Script Transliteration & Pāḷi Transcription in International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)
1 Siam-script vs Roman-script Tipiṭaka from the transliteration chart of Chulachomklao of Siam Pāḷi Tipiṭaka, 18932 See Saddanīti by Aggavaṃsa, 1154
ก 1ขคฆง
จฉชฌ
ฏฑฒ
ณ
ตถทธน
ปผ
พภม
ย ร ล ว ส ห ฬ
อ
kkh
ggh
ṅ
c
ch j
jh
ñ
ṭṭh
ḍḍh
ṇ
t
thd
dh
n
p
ph
bbh
m
y
rl
v
s
h
ḷ
aṃNote : Audio of Pāḷi Tipiṭaka Recitation by Master Siri Petchai, the informant for IPA Pāḷi, is available at tipitakaquotation.net
a ā i ī u ū e o
[a] [aː] [i] [iː] [u] [uː] [eː] [oː]
V
i c h i n P a n u p o n g , W o r l d T i p i ṭ a k a 2 0 1 0
Places of
Articulation
(Ṭhāna )2
Manner of Articulation(Karaṇa )2
Stops Approximant
F r i c a t i v e
Voiceless
(Aghosa )2
Voiced
(Ghosa )2
N o n - l a t e r a l
L a t e r a l
U n a s p i r a t e d
( S i t h i l a ) 2
A s p i r a t e d
( D h a n i t a ) 2
U n a s p i r a t e d
( S i t h i l a ) 2
A s p i r a t e d
( D h a n i t a ) 2
N a s a l
( N ā s i k ā ) 2
Glottal(Kaṇṭha )2
h
[ɦ]
Velar(Kaṇṭha )2
k kh g gh ṅ
[k] [kʰ] [ɡ] [ɡʱ] [ŋ]
Palatal(Tālu )2
c ch j jh ñ y [c] [cʰ] [ ɟ ] [ ɟʱ] [ ɲ] [ j]
Retroex(Muddha )2
ṭ ṭh ḍ ḍh ṇ r ḷ
[ʈ] [ʈʰ] [ɖ ] [ɖʱ] [ɳ ] [ɻ ] [ɭ ]
Dental(Danta )2
t th d dh n l s
[t ] [t h ] [d] [dʱ] [n] [l ] [s]
Bilabial(Oṭṭha )2
p ph b bh m
[p] [pʰ] [b] [bʱ] [m]
Labio-dental(Dantoṭṭha )2
v
[ʋ]
Nasal Cavity(N ā sik ā )2
(a)ṃ
[ã]
(i)ṃ
[ĩ ]
(u)ṃ
[ũ]