Blue-Brain

Presented by:Pallavi RanjanCse-3rd year

What do you mean by:BLUE-BRAIN??

The name of the world’s first virtual

Brain. That means a machine thatCan function as human brain.

Is it really possible to create aHuman Brain??

“YES”The IBM is now developing a

Virtual brain known asBLUE-BRAIN.

It would be world’s first virtual brain.

What all things a virtual brain would

Be able to perform??• A machine that can function

as Brain.• It can take decisions.• It can think.• It can response.• It can keep things in memory.

Why We Need Virtual Brain?

• To upload contents of the natural brain into it.

• To keep the intelligence, knowledge and skill of any person for ever.

• To remember things without any effort.

Functioning of Brain

NANOBOTS

Working• The research involves studying slices of living brain tissue

using microscopes and electrodes. • Data is collected about all the many different neuron

types. This data is used to build biologically realistic models of neurons and networks of neurons in the cerebral cortex.

• The simulations are carried out on a Blue Gene supercomputer built by IBM. Hence the name "Blue Brain".

• As of August 2012 the largest simulations are of meso circuits containing around 100 cortical columns.

• Such simulations involve approximately 1 million neurons and 1 billion synapses. This is about the same scale as that of a honey bee brain.

Cortical mesocircuits

3 main steps to building a Virtual brain

DATA ACQUISITIONSIMULATIONVISUALIZATION OF RESULTS

DATA AQUISITION

Patch-Clamp at Blue-Brain 3-D neuron morphology

Data acquisition involves taking brain slices, placing them under a microscope, and measuring the shape and electrical activity of individual neurons.

This is how the different types of neuron are studied and catalogued. The neurons are typed by morphology.

SIMULATION

Neuron

The primary software used by the BBP for neural simulations is a package called NEURON.

This was developed starting in the 1990s by Michael Hines at Yale University and John Moore at Duke University.

It is written in C, C++, and FORTRAN.

VISUALIZATION OF RESULTS

Visualization of Neuron

RT Neuron RT Neuron is the primary application used by

the BBP for visualization of neural simulations.

The software was developed internally by the BBP team. It is written in C++ and OpenGL.

RT Neuron is ad-hoc software written specifically for neural simulations, i.e. it is not generalizable to other types of simulation.

The animations can be stopped, started and zoomed, thus letting researchers interact with the model.

The visualizations are multi-scale, that is they can render individual neurons or a whole cortical column.

Hardware & SoftwareRequirement

A Super Computer. Memory with a large storing capacity. Processor with a high Processing power. A very wide network. A program to convert electrical impulse from

brain to input signal. Powerful Nanobots to act as an interface

between the natural brain and computer.

Graph Layout of Updates

GOAL

Henry MarkramTo Gain a complete understandingOf the brain and to enable better and faster development of brain disease treatments.

This Project will search for how human beings will think and remember.

Scientists think that it can help to cure the Parkinson’s Disease.

FUNDING & COLLABORATOR

The project is funded primarily by EPFL, which in turn is funded by the Swiss government.

EPFL is one of only two federally-funded universities in Switzerland, the other being ETH in Zurich.

IBM has not funded the project, but they sold their Blue Gene supercomputer to EPFL at a reduced cost.

This was because at the time the computer was a prototype and IBM was interested in testing the machine on different applications.

The Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM) and Instituto Cajal (IC) from Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) are involved in the Blue Brain Project (BBP) with an initiative named Cajal Blue Brain.

Different research groups and laboratories from Spanish institutions take part in this initiative, grouping together a large number of scientist, engineers and practitioners.

Where Can We Use This Technique

CONCLUSION

It is an attempt to create a synthetic brain by using the concept of Reverse Engineering. It is a good strategy of finding the disease and treatments for it. This technology will be soon accepted by the whole world. A virtual model will be able to make direct observation on the human brain.

Thank You !!

Any Questions??