bhagavad gita - chapter 10

8/12/2019 Bhagavad Gita - Chapter 10

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- CHAPTER 10 -The Opulence of the Absolute

Chapter 10Text 1

r-bhagavn uvcabhya eva mah-bho

u me parama vacayat te ha pryamyavakymi hita-kmyay

SYNONYMS

r-bhagavn uvcathe Supreme Personality of Godhead said; bhyaagain; evacertainly; mah-bhoO mighty-armed; ujust hear; meMy;paramamsupreme;vacainstruction; yatthat which; teto you; ahamI;pryamyathinking youdear to Me; vakymisay; hita-kmyayfor your benefit.

TRANSLATION

The Supreme Personality of Godhead said: Listen again, O mighty-armed Arjuna. Because

you are My dear friend, for your benefit I shall speak to you further, giving knowledge thatis better than what I have already explained.

PURPORT

The word bhagavnis explained thus by Parara Muni: one who is full in six opulences,who has full strength, full fame, wealth, knowledge, beauty and renunciation, is Bhagavn,or the Supreme Personality of Godhead. While Ka was present on this earth, Hedisplayed all six opulences. Therefore great sages like Parara Muni have all accepted

Ka as the Supreme Personality of Godhead. Now Ka is instructing Arjuna in moreconfidential knowledge of His opulences and His work. Previously, beginning with theSeventh Chapter, the Lord has already explained His different energies and how they areacting. Now in this chapter He explains His specific opulences to Arjuna. In the previouschapter He has clearly explained His different energies to establish devotion in firmconviction. Again in this chapter He tells Arjuna about His manifestations and variousopulences.The more one hears about the Supreme God, the more one becomes fixed in devotionalservice. One should always hear about the Lord in the association of devotees; that will

enhance ones devotional service. Discourses in the society of devotees can take place only


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among those who are really anxious to be in Ka consciousness. Others cannot take partin such discourses. The Lord clearly tells Arjuna that because Arjuna is very dear to Him,for his benefit such discourses are taking place.


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Chapter 10Text 2

na me vidu sura-gaprabhava na maharaya

aham dir hi devnmahar ca sarvaa

SYNONYMSnanever; meMy; viduknow; sura-gathe demigods;prabhavamorigin,opulences; nanever; mah-ayagreat sages; ahamI am; dithe origin; hicertainly; devnmof the demigods; mah-mof the great sages; caalso;sarvaain all respects.

TRANSLATION

Neither the hosts of demigods nor the great sages know My origin or opulences, for, in

every respect, I am the source of the demigods and sages.

PURPORT

As stated in the Brahma-sahit,Lord Ka is the Supreme Lord. No one is greater thanHim; He is the cause of all causes. Here it is also stated by the Lord personally that He isthe cause of all the demigods and sages. Even the demigods and great sages cannotunderstand Ka; they can understand neither His name nor His personality, so what isthe position of the so-called scholars of this tiny planet? No one can understand why this

Supreme God comes to earth as an ordinary human being and executes such wonderful,uncommon activities. One should know, then, that scholarship is not the qualificationnecessary to understand Ka. Even the demigods and the great sages have tried tounderstand Ka by their mental speculation, and they have failed to do so. In thermad-Bhgavatamalso it is clearly said that even the great demigods are not able tounderstand the Supreme Personality of Godhead. They can speculate to the limits of theirimperfect senses and can reach the opposite conclusion of impersonalism, of something notmanifested by the three qualities of material nature, or they can imagine something bymental speculation, but it is not possible to understand Ka by such foolish speculation.Here the Lord indirectly says that if anyone wants to know the Absolute Truth, Here Iam present as the Supreme Personality of Godhead. I am the Supreme. One should knowthis. Although one cannot understand the inconceivable Lord who is personally present,He nonetheless exists. We can actually understand Ka, who is eternal, full of bliss andknowledge, simply by studying His words in Bhagavad-gtand rmad-Bhgavatam.Theconception of God as some ruling power or as the impersonal Brahman can be reached bypersons who are in the inferior energy of the Lord, but the Personality of Godhead cannotbe conceived unless one is in the transcendental position.

Because most men cannot understand Ka in His actual situation, out of His causeless


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mercy He descends to show favor to such speculators. Yet despite the Supreme Lordsuncommon activities, these speculators, due to contamination in the material energy, stillthink that the impersonal Brahman is the Supreme. Only the devotees who are fullysurrendered unto the Supreme Lord can understand, by the grace of the SupremePersonality, that He is Ka. The devotees of the Lord do not bother about theimpersonal Brahman conception of God; their faith and devotion bring them to surrenderimmediately unto the Supreme Lord, and out of the causeless mercy of Ka they can

understand Ka. No one else can understand Him. So even great sages agree: What istm,what is the Supreme? It is He whom we have to worship.


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Chapter 10Text 3

yo mm ajam andi cavetti loka-mahevaram

asammha sa martyeusarva-ppai pramucyate

SYNONYMSyaanyone who; mmMe; ajamunborn; andimwithout beginning; caalso;vettiknows; lokaof the planets; mah-varamthe supreme master; asammhaundeluded; sahe; martyeuamong those subject to death; sarva-ppaifrom allsinful reactions;pramucyateis delivered.

TRANSLATION

He who knows Me as the unborn, as the beginningless, as the Supreme Lord of all the

worldshe only, undeluded among men, is freed from all sins.

PURPORT

As stated in the Seventh Chapter (7.3), manuy sahasreu kacid yatati siddhaye:those who are trying to elevate themselves to the platform of spiritual realization are notordinary men; they are superior to millions and millions of ordinary men who have noknowledge of spiritual realization. But out of those actually trying to understand theirspiritual situation, one who can come to the understanding that Ka is the Supreme

Personality of Godhead, the proprietor of everything, the unborn, is the most successfulspiritually realized person. In that stage only, when one has fully understood Kassupreme position, can one be free completely from all sinful reactions.Here the Lord is described by the word aja,meaning unborn, but He is distinct from theliving entities who are described in the Second Chapter as aja.The Lord is different fromthe living entities who are taking birth and dying due to material attachment. Theconditioned souls are changing their bodies, but His body is not changeable. Even whenHe comes to this material world, He comes as the same unborn; therefore in the FourthChapter it is said that the Lord, by His internal potency, is not under the inferior, materialenergy, but is always in the superior energy.In this verse the words vetti loka-mahevaramindicate that one should know that LordKa is the supreme proprietor of the planetary systems of the universe. He was existingbefore the creation, and He is different from His creation. All the demigods were createdwithin this material world, but as far as Ka is concerned, it is said that He is notcreated; therefore Ka is different even from the great demigods like Brahm and iva.And because He is the creator of Brahm, iva and all the other demigods, He is theSupreme Person of all planets.

r Ka is therefore different from everything that is created, and anyone who knows


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Him as such immediately becomes liberated from all sinful reactions. One must beliberated from all sinful activities to be in the knowledge of the Supreme Lord. Only bydevotional service can He be known and not by any other means, as stated in Bhagavad-gt.One should not try to understand Ka as a human being. As stated previously, only afoolish person thinks Him to be a human being. This is again expressed here in a differentway. A man who is not foolish, who is intelligent enough to understand the constitutional

position of the Godhead, is always free from all sinful reactions.If Ka is known as the son of Devak, then how can He be unborn? That is alsoexplained in rmad-Bhgavatam:When He appeared before Devak and Vasudeva, Hewas not born as an ordinary child; He appeared in His original form, and then Hetransformed Himself into an ordinary child.Anything done under the direction of Ka is transcendental. It cannot be contaminatedby material reactions, which may be auspicious or inauspicious. The conception that thereare things auspicious and inauspicious in the material world is more or less a mentalconcoction because there is nothing auspicious in the material world. Everything is

inauspicious because the very material nature is inauspicious. We simply imagine it to beauspicious. Real auspiciousness depends on activities in Ka consciousness in fulldevotion and service. Therefore if we at all want our activities to be auspicious, then weshould work under the directions of the Supreme Lord. Such directions are given inauthoritative scriptures such as rmad-Bhgavatamand Bhagavad-gt,or from a bona fidespiritual master. Because the spiritual master is the representative of the Supreme Lord, hisdirection is directly the direction of the Supreme Lord. The spiritual master, saintlypersons and scriptures direct in the same way. There is no contradiction in these three

sources. All actions done under such direction are free from the reactions of pious orimpious activities of this material world. The transcendental attitude of the devotee in theperformance of activities is actually that of renunciation, and this is called sannysa.Asstated in the first verse of the Sixth Chapter of Bhagavad-gt,one who acts as a matter ofduty because he has been ordered to do so by the Supreme Lord, and who does not seekshelter in the fruits of his activities (anrita karma-phalam), is a true renouncer. Anyoneacting under the direction of the Supreme Lord is actually a sannysand a yog,and notthe man who has simply taken the dress of the sannys,or a pseudo yog.


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Chapter 10Texts 45

buddhir jnam asammohakam satya dama ama

sukha dukha bhavo bhvobhaya cbhayam eva ca

ahis samat tuis

tapo dna yao yaabhavanti bhv bhtnmatta eva pthag-vidh

SYNONYMS

buddhiintelligence;jnamknowledge; asammohafreedom from doubt; kamforgiveness; satyamtruthfulness; damacontrol of the senses; amacontrol of themind; sukhamhappiness; dukhamdistress; bhavabirth; abhvadeath; bhayam

fear; caalso; abhayamfearlessness; evaalso; caand; ahisnonviolence;samatequilibrium; tuisatisfaction; tapapenance; dnamcharity; yaafame; ayaainfamy; bhavanticome about; bhvnatures; bhtnmof livingentities; mattafrom Me; evacertainly;pthak-vidhvariously arranged.

TRANSLATION

Intelligence, knowledge, freedom from doubt and delusion, forgiveness, truthfulness, controlof the senses, control of the mind, happiness and distress, birth, death, fear, fearlessness,

nonviolence, equanimity, satisfaction, austerity, charity, fame and infamyall these variousqualities of living beings are created by Me alone.

PURPORT

The different qualities of living entities, be they good or bad, are all created by Ka, andthey are described here.Intelligence refers to the power to analyze things in their proper perspective, andknowledge refers to understanding what is spirit and what is matter. Ordinary knowledge

obtained by a university education pertains only to matter, and it is not accepted here asknowledge. Knowledge means knowing the distinction between spirit and matter. Inmodern education there is no knowledge about spirit; they are simply taking care of thematerial elements and bodily needs. Therefore academic knowledge is not complete.Asammoha,freedom from doubt and delusion, can be achieved when one is not hesitantand when he understands the transcendental philosophy. Slowly but surely he becomesfree from bewilderment. Nothing should be accepted blindly; everything should beaccepted with care and with caution. Kam,tolerance and forgiveness, should be

practiced; one should be tolerant and excuse the minor offenses of others. Satyam,


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truthfulness, means that facts should be presented as they are, for the benefit of others.Facts should not be misrepresented. According to social conventions, it is said that onecan speak the truth only when it is palatable to others. But that is not truthfulness. Thetruth should be spoken in a straightforward way, so that others will understand actuallywhat the facts are. If a man is a thief and if people are warned that he is a thief, that istruth. Although sometimes the truth is unpalatable, one should not refrain from speakingit. Truthfulness demands that the facts be presented as they are for the benefit of others.

That is the definition of truth.Control of the senses means that the senses should not be used for unnecessary personalenjoyment. There is no prohibition against meeting the proper needs of the senses, butunnecessary sense enjoyment is detrimental for spiritual advancement. Therefore thesenses should be restrained from unnecessary use. Similarly, one should restrain the mindfrom unnecessary thoughts; that is called ama.One should not spend ones timepondering over earning money. That is a misuse of the thinking power. The mind shouldbe used to understand the prime necessity of human beings, and that should be presentedauthoritatively. The power of thought should be developed in association with persons

who are authorities in the scriptures, saintly persons and spiritual masters and those whosethinking is highly developed. Sukham,pleasure or happiness, should always be in thatwhich is favorable for the cultivation of the spiritual knowledge of Ka consciousness.And similarly, that which is painful or which causes distress is that which is unfavorablefor the cultivation of Ka consciousness. Anything favorable for the development ofKa consciousness should be accepted, and anything unfavorable should be rejected.Bhava,birth, should be understood to refer to the body. As far as the soul is concerned,there is neither birth nor death; that we have discussed in the beginning of Bhagavad-gt.

Birth and death apply to ones embodiment in the material world. Fear is due to worryingabout the future. A person in Ka consciousness has no fear because by his activities heis sure to go back to the spiritual sky, back home, back to Godhead. Therefore his future isvery bright. Others, however, do not know what their future holds; they have noknowledge of what the next life holds. So they are therefore in constant anxiety. If wewant to get free from anxiety, then the best course is to understand Ka and be situatedalways in Ka consciousness. In that way we will be free from all fear. In the rmad-Bhgavatam(11.2.37) it is stated, bhaya dvitybhiniveata syt:fear is caused by ourabsorption in the illusory energy. But those who are free from the illusory energy, those

who are confident that they are not the material body, that they are spiritual parts of theSupreme Personality of Godhead, and who are therefore engaged in the transcendentalservice of the Supreme Godhead, have nothing to fear. Their future is very bright. Thisfear is a condition of persons who are not in Ka consciousness. Abhayam,fearlessness, ispossible only for one in Ka consciousness.Ahis,nonviolence, means that one should not do anything which will put others intomisery or confusion. Material activities that are promised by so many politicians,sociologists, philanthropists, etc., do not produce very good results because the politicians

and philanthropists have no transcendental vision; they do not know what is actually


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beneficial for human society. Ahismeans that people should be trained in such a waythat the full utilization of the human body can be achieved. The human body is meant forspiritual realization, so any movement or any commissions which do not further that endcommit violence on the human body. That which furthers the future spiritual happiness ofthe people in general is called nonviolence.Samat,equanimity, refers to freedom from attachment and aversion. To be very muchattached or to be very much detached is not the best. This material world should be

accepted without attachment or aversion. That which is favorable for prosecuting Kaconsciousness should be accepted; that which is unfavorable should be rejected. That iscalled samat,equanimity. A person in Ka consciousness has nothing to reject andnothing to accept save in terms of its usefulness in the prosecution of Ka consciousness.Tui,satisfaction, means that one should not be eager to gather more and more materialgoods by unnecessary activity. One should be satisfied with whatever is obtained by thegrace of the Supreme Lord; that is called satisfaction. Tapasmeans austerity or penance.There are many rules and regulations in the Vedaswhich apply here, like rising early inthe morning and taking a bath. Sometimes it is very troublesome to rise early in the

morning, but whatever voluntary trouble one may suffer in this way is called penance.Similarly, there are prescriptions for fasting on certain days of the month. One may not beinclined to practice such fasting, but because of his determination to make advancementin the science of Ka consciousness, he should accept such bodily troubles when they arerecommended. However, one should not fast unnecessarily or against Vedic injunctions.One should not fast for some political purpose; that is described in Bhagavad-gtas fastingin ignorance, and anything done in ignorance or passion does not lead to spiritualadvancement. Everything done in the mode of goodness does advance one, however, and

fasting done in terms of the Vedic injunctions enriches one in spiritual knowledge.As far as charity is concerned, one should give fifty percent of his earnings to some goodcause. And what is a good cause? It is that which is conducted in terms of Kaconsciousness. That is not only a good cause, but the best cause. Because Ka is good, Hiscause is also good. Thus charity should be given to a person who is engaged in Kaconsciousness. According to Vedic literature, it is enjoined that charity should be given tothe brhmaas.This practice is still followed, although not very nicely in terms of theVedic injunction. But still the injunction is that charity should be given to the brhmaas.Why? Because they are engaged in higher cultivation of spiritual knowledge. A brhmaa

is supposed to devote his whole life to understanding Brahman. Brahma jnttibrhmaa:one who knows Brahman is called a brhmaa.Thus charity is offered to thebrhmaasbecause they are always engaged in higher spiritual service and have no time toearn their livelihood. In the Vedic literature, charity is also to be awarded to one in therenounced order of life, the sannys.The sannyssbeg from door to door, not for moneybut for missionary purposes. The system is that they go from door to door to awaken thehouseholders from the slumber of ignorance. Because the householders are engaged infamily affairs and have forgotten their actual purpose in lifeawakening their Ka

consciousnessit is the business of the sannyssto go as beggars to the householders and


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encourage them to be Ka conscious. As it is said in the Vedas,one should awake andachieve what is due him in this human form of life. This knowledge and method isdistributed by the sannyss;hence charity is to be given to the renouncer of life, to thebrhmaas,and similar good causes, not to any whimsical cause.Yaas,fame, should be according to Lord Caitanya, who said that a man is famous when heis known as a great devotee. That is real fame. If one has become a great man in Kaconsciousness and it is known, then he is truly famous. One who does not have such fame

is infamous.All these qualities are manifest throughout the universe in human society and in thesociety of the demigods. There are many forms of humanity on other planets, and thesequalities are there. Now, for one who wants to advance in Ka consciousness, Kacreates all these qualities, but the person develops them himself from within. One whoengages in the devotional service of the Supreme Lord develops all the good qualities, asarranged by the Supreme Lord.Of whatever we find, good or bad, the origin is Ka. Nothing can manifest itself in thismaterial world which is not in Ka. That is knowledge; although we know that things are

differently situated, we should realize that everything flows from Ka.


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Chapter 10Text 6

maharaya sapta prvecatvro manavas tath

mad-bhv mnas jtye loka im praj

SYNONYMSmah-ayathe great sages; saptaseven;prvebefore; catvrafour; manavaManus; tathalso; mat-bhvborn of Me; mnasfrom the mind;jtborn;yemof them; lokein the world; imall this;prajpopulation.

TRANSLATION

The seven great sages and before them the four other great sages and the Manus[progenitors of mankind] come from Me, born from My mind, and all the living beings

populating the various planets descend from them.

PURPORT

The Lord is giving a genealogical synopsis of the universal population. Brahm is theoriginal creature born out of the energy of the Supreme Lord, who is known asHirayagarbha. And from Brahm all the seven great sages, and before them four othergreat sages, named Sanaka, Sananda, Santana and Sanat-kumra, and the Manus, aremanifested. All these twenty-five great sages are known as the patriarchs of the living

entities all over the universe. There are innumerable universes and innumerable planetswithin each universe, and each planet is full of population of different varieties. All ofthem are born of these twenty-five patriarchs. Brahm underwent penance for onethousand years of the demigods before he realized by the grace of Ka how to create.Then from Brahm came Sanaka, Sananda, Santana and Sanat-kumra, then Rudra, andthen the seven sages, and in this way all the brhmaasand katriyasare born out of theenergy of the Supreme Personality of Godhead. Brahm is known as Pitmaha, thegrandfather, and Ka is known as Prapitmaha, the father of the grandfather. That isstated in the Eleventh Chapter of the Bhagavad-gt(11.39).


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Chapter 10Text 7

et vibhti yoga camama yo vetti tattvata

so vikalpena yogenayujyate ntra saaya

SYNONYMSetmall this; vibhtimopulence; yogammystic power; caalso; mamaof Mine;yaanyone who; vettiknows; tattvatafactually; sahe; avikalpenawithoutdivision; yogenain devotional service; yujyateis engaged; nanever; atrahere;saayadoubt.

TRANSLATION

One who is factually convinced of this opulence and mystic power of Mine engages in

unalloyed devotional service; of this there is no doubt.

PURPORT

The highest summit of spiritual perfection is knowledge of the Supreme Personality ofGodhead. Unless one is firmly convinced of the different opulences of the Supreme Lord,he cannot engage in devotional service. Generally people know that God is great, but theydo not know in detail how God is great. Here are the details. If one knows factually howGod is great, then naturally he becomes a surrendered soul and engages himself in the

devotional service of the Lord. When one factually knows the opulences of the Supreme,there is no alternative but to surrender to Him. This factual knowledge can be known fromthe descriptions in rmad-Bhgavatamand Bhagavad-gtand similar literatures.In the administration of this universe there are many demigods distributed throughout theplanetary system, and the chief of them are Brahm, Lord iva and the four great Kumrasand the other patriarchs. There are many forefathers of the population of the universe,and all of them are born of the Supreme Lord, Ka. The Supreme Personality ofGodhead, Ka, is the original forefather of all forefathers.These are some of the opulences of the Supreme Lord. When one is firmly convinced ofthem, he accepts Ka with great faith and without any doubt, and he engages indevotional service. All this particular knowledge is required in order to increase onesinterest in the loving devotional service of the Lord. One should not neglect to understandfully how great Ka is, for by knowing the greatness of Ka one will be able to be fixedin sincere devotional service.


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Chapter 10Text 8

aha sarvasya prabhavomatta sarva pravartateiti matv bhajante m

budh bhva-samanvit

SYNONYMSahamI; sarvasyaof all;prabhavathe source of generation; mattafrom Me;sarvameverything;pravartateemanates; itithus; matvknowing; bhajantebecome devoted; mmunto Me; budhthe learned; bhva-samanvitwith greatattention.

TRANSLATION

I am the source of all spiritual and material worlds. Everything emanates from Me. The wise

who perfectly know this engage in My devotional service and worship Me with all theirhearts.

PURPORT

A learned scholar who has studied the Vedasperfectly and has information fromauthorities like Lord Caitanya and who knows how to apply these teachings canunderstand that Ka is the origin of everything in both the material and spiritual worlds,and because he knows this perfectly he becomes firmly fixed in the devotional service of

the Supreme Lord. He can never be deviated by any amount of nonsensical commentariesor by fools. All Vedic literature agrees that Ka is the source of Brahm, iva and allother demigods. In the Atharva Veda(Gopla-tpan Upaniad1.24) it is said, yobrahma vidadhti prva yo vai ved ca gpayati sma ka:It was Ka who inthe beginning instructed Brahm in Vedic knowledge and who disseminated Vedicknowledge in the past. Then again the Nryaa Upaniad(1) says, atha puruo ha vainryao kmayata praj sjeyeti:Then the Supreme Personality Nryaa desired tocreate living entities. The Upaniadcontinues, nryad brahm jyate, nryad

prajpati prajyate, nryad indro jyate, nryad aau vasavo jyante, nryadekdaa rudr jyante, nryad dvdadity:From Nryaa, Brahm is born, andfrom Nryaa the patriarchs are also born. From Nryaa, Indra is born, from Nryaathe eight Vasus are born, from Nryaa the eleven Rudras are born, from Nryaa thetwelve dityas are born. This Nryaa is an expansion of Ka.It is said in the same Vedas,brahmayo devak-putra:The son of Devak, Ka, is theSupreme Personality. (Nryaa Upaniad4) Then it is said, eko vai nryaa sn nabrahm na no npo ngni-samau neme dyv-pthiv na nakatri na srya: In thebeginning of the creation there was only the Supreme Personality Nryaa. There was no

Brahm, no iva, no water, no fire, no moon, no stars in the sky, no sun. (Mah Upaniad


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1) In the Mah Upaniadit is also said that Lord iva was born from the forehead of theSupreme Lord. Thus the Vedassay that it is the Supreme Lord, the creator of Brahm andiva, who is to be worshiped.In the Moka-dharmaKa also says,

prajpati ca rudra cpyaham eva sjmi vai

tau hi m na vijntomama my-vimohitau

The patriarchs, iva and others are created by Me, though they do not know that they arecreated by Me because they are deluded by My illusory energy. In the Varha Purait isalso said,

nryaa paro devastasmj jta caturmukha

tasmd rudro bhavad deva

sa ca sarva-jat gataNryaa is the Supreme Personality of Godhead, and from Him Brahm was born, fromwhom iva was born.Lord Ka is the source of all generations, and He is called the most efficient cause ofeverything. He says, Because everything is born of Me, I am the original source of all.Everything is under Me; no one is above Me. There is no supreme controller other thanKa. One who understands Ka in such a way from a bona fide spiritual master, withreferences from Vedic literature, engages all his energy in Ka consciousness and

becomes a truly learned man. In comparison to him, all others, who do not know Kaproperly, are but fools. Only a fool would consider Ka to be an ordinary man. A Kaconscious person should not be bewildered by fools; he should avoid all unauthorizedcommentaries and interpretations on Bhagavad-gtand proceed in Ka consciousnesswith determination and firmness.


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Chapter 10Text 9

mac-citt mad-gata-prbodhayanta parasparam

kathayanta ca m nityatuyanti ca ramanti ca

SYNONYMSmat-citttheir minds fully engaged in Me; mat-gata-prtheir lives devoted to Me;bodhayantapreaching;parasparamamong themselves; kathayantatalking; caalso; mmabout Me; nityamperpetually; tuyantibecome pleased; caalso;ramantienjoy transcendental bliss; caalso.

TRANSLATION

The thoughts of My pure devotees dwell in Me, their lives are fully devoted to My service,

and they derive great satisfaction and bliss from always enlightening one another andconversing about Me.

PURPORT

Pure devotees, whose characteristics are mentioned here, engage themselves fully in thetranscendental loving service of the Lord. Their minds cannot be diverted from the lotusfeet of Ka. Their talks are solely on the transcendental subjects. The symptoms of thepure devotees are described in this verse specifically. Devotees of the Supreme Lord are

twenty-four hours daily engaged in glorifying the qualities and pastimes of the SupremeLord. Their hearts and souls are constantly submerged in Ka, and they take pleasure indiscussing Him with other devotees.In the preliminary stage of devotional service they relish the transcendental pleasure fromthe service itself, and in the mature stage they are actually situated in love of God. Oncesituated in that transcendental position, they can relish the highest perfection which isexhibited by the Lord in His abode. Lord Caitanya likens transcendental devotionalservice to the sowing of a seed in the heart of the living entity. There are innumerableliving entities traveling throughout the different planets of the universe, and out of themthere are a few who are fortunate enough to meet a pure devotee and get the chance tounderstand devotional service. This devotional service is just like a seed, and if it is sownin the heart of a living entity, and if he goes on hearing and chanting Hare Ka, HareKa, Ka Ka, Hare Hare/ Hare Rma, Hare Rma, Rma Rma, Hare Hare, thatseed fructifies, just as the seed of a tree fructifies with regular watering. The spiritual plantof devotional service gradually grows and grows until it penetrates the covering of thematerial universe and enters into the brahmajyotieffulgence in the spiritual sky. In thespiritual sky also that plant grows more and more until it reaches the highest planet, which

is called Goloka Vndvana, the supreme planet of Ka. Ultimately, the plant takes


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shelter under the lotus feet of Ka and rests there. Gradually, as a plant grows fruits andflowers, that plant of devotional service also produces fruits, and the watering process inthe form of chanting and hearing goes on. This plant of devotional service is fullydescribed in the Caitanya-caritmta(Madhya-ll,Chapter Nineteen). It is explainedthere that when the complete plant takes shelter under the lotus feet of the Supreme Lord,one becomes fully absorbed in love of God; then he cannot live even for a moment withoutbeing in contact with the Supreme Lord, just as a fish cannot live without water. In such a

state, the devotee actually attains the transcendental qualities in contact with theSupreme Lord.The rmad-Bhgavatamis also full of such narrations about the relationship between theSupreme Lord and His devotees; therefore the rmad-Bhgavatamis very dear to thedevotees, as stated in the Bhgavatamitself (12.13.18). rmad-bhgavata puramamala yad vaiavn priyam.In this narration there is nothing about materialactivities, economic development, sense gratification or liberation. rmad-Bhgavatamisthe only narration in which the transcendental nature of the Supreme Lord and Hisdevotees is fully described. Thus the realized souls in Ka consciousness take continual

pleasure in hearing such transcendental literatures, just as a young boy and girl takepleasure in association.


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Chapter 10Text 10

te satata-yuktnbhajat prti-prvakam

dadmi buddhi-yoga tayena mm upaynti te

SYNONYMStemunto them; satata-yuktnmalways engaged; bhajatmin rendering devotionalservice;prti-prvakamin loving ecstasy; dadmiI give; buddhi-yogamrealintelligence; tamthat; yenaby which; mmunto Me; upaynticome; tethey.

TRANSLATION

To those who are constantly devoted to serving Me with love, I give the understanding bywhich they can come to Me.

PURPORT

In this verse the word buddhi-yogamis very significant. We may remember that in theSecond Chapter the Lord, instructing Arjuna, said that He had spoken to him of manythings and that He would instruct him in the way of buddhi-yoga.Now buddhi-yogaisexplained. Buddhi-yogaitself is action in Ka consciousness; that is the highestintelligence. Buddhimeans intelligence, and yogameans mystic activities or mysticelevation. When one tries to go back home, back to Godhead, and takes fully to Ka

consciousness in devotional service, his action is called buddhi yoga.In other words,buddhi-yogais the process by which one gets out of the entanglement of this materialworld. The ultimate goal of progress is Ka. People do not know this; therefore theassociation of devotees and a bona fide spiritual master are important. One should knowthat the goal is Ka, and when the goal is assigned, then the path is slowly butprogressively traversed, and the ultimate goal is achieved.When a person knows the goal of life but is addicted to the fruits of activities, he is actingin karma-yoga.When he knows that the goal is Ka but he takes pleasure in mentalspeculations to understand Ka, he is acting injna-yoga.And when he knows the goaland seeks Ka completely in Ka consciousness and devotional service, he is acting inbhakti-yoga,or buddhi-yoga,which is the complete yoga.This complete yogais the highestperfectional stage of life.A person may have a bona fide spiritual master and may be attached to a spiritualorganization, but still, if he is not intelligent enough to make progress, then Ka fromwithin gives him instructions so that he may ultimately come to Him without difficulty.The qualification is that a person always engage himself in Ka consciousness and withlove and devotion render all kinds of services. He should perform some sort of work for

Ka, and that work should be with love. If a devotee is not intelligent enough to make


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progress on the path of self-realization but is sincere and devoted to the activities ofdevotional service, the Lord gives him a chance to make progress and ultimately attain toHim.


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Chapter 10Text 11

tem evnukamprthamaham ajna-ja tama

naymy tma-bhva-sthojna-dpena bhsvat

SYNONYMStemfor them; evacertainly; anukamp-arthamto show special mercy; ahamI;ajna-jamdue to ignorance; tamadarkness; naymidispel; tma-bhvawithintheir hearts; sthasituated;jnaof knowledge; dpenawith the lamp; bhsvatglowing.

TRANSLATION

To show them special mercy, I, dwelling in their hearts, destroy with the shining lamp of

knowledge the darkness born of ignorance.

PURPORT

When Lord Caitanya was in Benares promulgating the chanting of Hare Ka, HareKa, Ka Ka, Hare Hare/ Hare Rma, Hare Rma, Rma Rma, Hare Hare,thousands of people were following Him. Praknanda Sarasvat, a very influential andlearned scholar in Benares at that time, derided Lord Caitanya for being a sentimentalist.Sometimes philosophers criticize the devotees because they think that most of the devotees

are in the darkness of ignorance and are philosophically naive sentimentalists. Actuallythat is not the fact. There are very, very learned scholars who have put forward thephilosophy of devotion. But even if a devotee does not take advantage of their literaturesor of his spiritual master, if he is sincere in his devotional service he is helped by KaHimself within his heart. So the sincere devotee engaged in Ka consciousness cannot bewithout knowledge. The only qualification is that one carry out devotional service in fullKa consciousness.The modern philosophers think that without discriminating one cannot have pureknowledge. For them this answer is given by the Supreme Lord: those who are engaged inpure devotional service, even though they be without sufficient education and evenwithout sufficient knowledge of the Vedic principles, are still helped by the Supreme God,as stated in this verse.The Lord tells Arjuna that basically there is no possibility of understanding the SupremeTruth, the Absolute Truth, the Supreme Personality of Godhead, simply by speculating,for the Supreme Truth is so great that it is not possible to understand Him or to achieveHim simply by making a mental effort. Man can go on speculating for several millions ofyears, and if he is not devoted, if he is not a lover of the Supreme Truth, he will never

understand Ka, or the Supreme Truth. Only by devotional service is the Supreme


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Truth, Ka, pleased, and by His inconceivable energy He can reveal Himself to the heartof the pure devotee. The pure devotee always has Ka within his heart; and with thepresence of Ka, who is just like the sun, the darkness of ignorance is at once dissipated.This is the special mercy rendered to the pure devotee by Ka.Due to the contamination of material association, through many, many millions of births,ones heart is always covered with the dust of materialism, but when one engages indevotional service and constantly chants Hare Ka, the dust quickly clears, and one is

elevated to the platform of pure knowledge. The ultimate goal, Viu, can be attained onlyby this chant and by devotional service, and not by mental speculation or argument. Thepure devotee does not have to worry about the material necessities of life; he need not beanxious, because when he removes the darkness from his heart, everything is providedautomatically by the Supreme Lord, who is pleased by the loving devotional service of thedevotee. This is the essence of the teachings of Bhagavad-gt.By studying Bhagavad-gt,one can become a soul completely surrendered to the Supreme Lord and engage himself inpure devotional service. As the Lord takes charge, one becomes completely free from allkinds of materialistic endeavors.


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Chapter 10Texts 1213

arjuna uvcapara brahma para dhmapavitra parama bhavnpurua vata divyam

di-devam aja vibhum

hus tvm aya sarvedevarir nradas tath

asito devalo vysasvaya caiva bravi me

SYNONYMS

arjuna uvcaArjuna said;paramsupreme; brahmatruth;paramsupreme;dhmasustenance;pavitrampure;paramamsupreme; bhavnYou;puruam

personality; vatamoriginal; divyamtranscendental; di-devamthe original Lord;ajamunborn; vibhumgreatest; husay; tvmof You; ayasages; sarveall;deva-ithe sage among the demigods; nradaNrada; tathalso; asitaAsita;devalaDevala; vysaVysa; svayampersonally; caalso; evacertainly; bravYou are explaining; meunto me.

TRANSLATION

Arjuna said: You are the Supreme Personality of Godhead, the ultimate abode, the purest,

the Absolute Truth. You are the eternal, transcendental, original person, the unborn, thegreatest. All the great sages such as Nrada, Asita, Devala and Vysa confirm this truthabout You, and now You Yourself are declaring it to me.

PURPORT

In these two verses the Supreme Lord gives a chance to the modern philosopher, for here itis clear that the Supreme is different from the individual soul. Arjuna, after hearing theessential four verses of Bhagavad-gt [BG. 10.8-11]in this chapter, became completely free

from all doubts and accepted Ka as the Supreme Personality of Godhead. He at onceboldly declares, You arepara brahma,the Supreme Personality of Godhead. Andpreviously Ka stated that He is the originator of everything and everyone. Everydemigod and every human being is dependent on Him. Men and demigods, out ofignorance, think that they are absolute and independent of the Supreme Personality ofGodhead. That ignorance is removed perfectly by the discharge of devotional service. Thishas already been explained in the previous verse by the Lord. Now, by His grace, Arjuna isaccepting Him as the Supreme Truth, in concordance with the Vedic injunction. It is not

that because Ka is Arjunas intimate friend Arjuna is flattering Him by calling Him the


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Supreme Personality of Godhead, the Absolute Truth. Whatever Arjuna says in these twoverses is confirmed by Vedic truth. Vedic injunctions affirm that only one who takes todevotional service to the Supreme Lord can understand Him, whereas others cannot. Eachand every word of this verse spoken by Arjuna is confirmed by Vedic injunction.In the Kena Upaniadit is stated that the Supreme Brahman is the rest for everything,and Ka has already explained that everything is resting on Him. The MuakaUpaniadconfirms that the Supreme Lord, in whom everything is resting, can be realized

only by those who engage constantly in thinking of Him. This constant thinking of Kais smaraam,one of the methods of devotional service. It is only by devotional service toKa that one can understand his position and get rid of this material body.In the Vedasthe Supreme Lord is accepted as the purest of the pure. One who understandsthat Ka is the purest of the pure can become purified from all sinful activities. Onecannot be disinfected from sinful activities unless he surrenders unto the Supreme Lord.Arjunas acceptance of Ka as the supreme pure complies with the injunctions of Vedicliterature. This is also confirmed by great personalities, of whom Nrada is the chief.Ka is the Supreme Personality of Godhead, and one should always meditate upon Him

and enjoy ones transcendental relationship with Him. He is the supreme existence. He isfree from bodily needs, birth and death. Not only does Arjuna confirm this, but all theVedic literatures, the Purasand histories. In all Vedic literatures Ka is thusdescribed, and the Supreme Lord Himself also says in the Fourth Chapter, Although I amunborn, I appear on this earth to establish religious principles. He is the supreme origin;He has no cause, for He is the cause of all causes, and everything is emanating from Him.This perfect knowledge can be had by the grace of the Supreme Lord.Here Arjuna expresses himself through the grace of Ka. If we want to understand

Bhagavad-gt,we should accept the statements in these two verses. This is called theparamparsystem, acceptance of the disciplic succession. Unless one is in the disciplicsuccession, he cannot understand Bhagavad-gt.It is not possible by so-called academiceducation. Unfortunately those proud of their academic education, despite so muchevidence in Vedic literatures, stick to their obstinate conviction that Ka is an ordinaryperson.


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Chapter 10Text 14

sarvam etad ta manyeyan m vadasi keava

na hi te bhagavan vyaktividur dev na dnav

SYNONYMSsarvamall; etatthis; tamtruth; manyeI accept; yatwhich; mmunto me;vadasiYou tell; keavaO Ka; nanever; hicertainly; teYour; bhagavanOPersonality of Godhead; vyaktimrevelation; viducan know; devthe demigods;nanor; dnavthe demons.

TRANSLATION

O Ka, I totally accept as truth all that You have told me. Neither the demigods nor the

demons, O Lord, can understand Your personality.

PURPORT

Arjuna herein confirms that persons of faithless and demonic nature cannot understandKa. He is not known even by the demigods, so what to speak of the so-called scholars ofthis modern world? By the grace of the Supreme Lord, Arjuna has understood that theSupreme Truth is Ka and that He is the perfect one. One should therefore follow thepath of Arjuna. He received the authority of Bhagavad-gt.As described in the Fourth

Chapter, theparamparsystem of disciplic succession for the understanding of Bhagavad-gtwas lost, and therefore Ka reestablished that disciplic succession with Arjunabecause He considered Arjuna His intimate friend and a great devotee. Therefore, asstated in our Introduction to Gtopaniad, Bhagavad-gtshould be understood in the

paramparsystem. When theparamparsystem was lost, Arjuna was selected to rejuvenateit. The acceptance by Arjuna of all that Ka says should be emulated; then we canunderstand the essence of Bhagavad-gt,and then only can we understand that Ka isthe Supreme Personality of Godhead.


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Chapter 10Text 15

svayam evtmantmnavettha tva puruottamabhta-bhvana bhtea

deva-deva jagat-pate

SYNONYMSsvayampersonally; evacertainly; tmanby Yourself; tmnamYourself; vetthaknow; tvamYou;purua-uttamaO greatest of all persons; bhta-bhvanaO origin ofeverything; bhta-aO Lord of everything; deva-devaO Lord of all demigods;jagat-

pateO Lord of the entire universe.

TRANSLATION

Indeed, You alone know Yourself by Your own internal potency, O Supreme Person, origin

of all, Lord of all beings, God of gods, Lord of the universe!

PURPORT

The Supreme Lord, Ka, can be known by persons who are in a relationship with Himthrough the discharge of devotional service, like Arjuna and his followers. Persons ofdemonic or atheistic mentality cannot know Ka. Mental speculation that leads oneaway from the Supreme Lord is a serious sin, and one who does not know Ka should nottry to comment on Bhagavad-gt.Bhagavad-gtis the statement of Ka, and since it is

the science of Ka, it should be understood from Ka as Arjuna understood it. Itshould not be received from atheistic persons.As stated in rmad-Bhgavatam(1.2.11):

vadanti tat tattva-vidastattva yaj jnam advayam

brahmeti paramtmetibhagavn iti abdyate

The Supreme Truth is realized in three aspects: as impersonal Brahman, localizedParamtm and at last as the Supreme Personality of Godhead. So at the last stage ofunderstanding the Absolute Truth, one comes to the Supreme Personality of Godhead. Acommon man or even a liberated man who has realized impersonal Brahman or localizedParamtm may not understand Gods personality. Such men, therefore, may endeavor tounderstand the Supreme Person from the verses of Bhagavad-gt,which are being spokenby this person, Ka. Sometimes the impersonalists accept Ka as Bhagavn, or theyaccept His authority. Yet many liberated persons cannot understand Ka asPuruottama, the Supreme Person. Therefore Arjuna addresses Him as Puruottama. Yet

one still may not understand that Ka is the father of all living entities. Therefore


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Arjuna addresses Him as Bhta-bhvana. And if one comes to know Him as the father ofall the living entities, still one may not know Him as the supreme controller; therefore Heis addressed here as Bhtea, the supreme controller of everyone. And even if one knowsKa as the supreme controller of all living entities, still one may not know that He is theorigin of all the demigods; therefore He is addressed herein as Devadeva, the worshipfulGod of all demigods. And even if one knows Him as the worshipful God of all demigods,one may not know that He is the supreme proprietor of everything; therefore He is

addressed as Jagatpati. Thus the truth about Ka is established in this verse by therealization of Arjuna, and we should follow in the footsteps of Arjuna to understand Kaas He is.


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Chapter 10Text 16

vaktum arhasy aeeadivy hy tma-vibhtayaybhir vibhtibhir lokn

ims tva vypya tihasi

SYNONYMSvaktumto say; arhasiYou deserve; aeeain detail; divydivine; hicertainly;tmaYour own; vibhtayaopulences; ybhiby which; vibhtibhiopulences;loknall the planets; imnthese; tvamYou; vypyapervading; tihasiremain.

TRANSLATION

Please tell me in detail of Your divine opulences by which You pervade all these worlds.

PURPORTIn this verse it appears that Arjuna is already satisfied with his understanding of theSupreme Personality of Godhead, Ka. By Kas grace, Arjuna has personalexperience, intelligence and knowledge and whatever else a person may have through allthese agencies, and he has understood Ka to be the Supreme Personality of Godhead.For him there is no doubt, yet he is asking Ka to explain His all-pervading nature.People in general and the impersonalists in particular concern themselves mainly with theall-pervading nature of the Supreme. So Arjuna is asking Ka how He exists in His all-

pervading aspect through His different energies. One should know that this is being askedby Arjuna on behalf of the common people.


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Chapter 10Text 17

katha vidym aha yogistv sad paricintayan

keu keu ca bhveucintyo si bhagavan may

SYNONYMSkathamhow; vidym ahamshall I know; yoginO supreme mystic; tvmYou; sadalways;paricintayanthinking of; keuin which; keuin which; caalso; bhveunatures; cintya asiYou are to be remembered; bhagavanO Supreme; mayby me.

TRANSLATION

O Ka, O supreme mystic, how shall I constantly think of You, and how shall I knowYou? In what various forms are You to be remembered, O Supreme Personality of Godhead?

PURPORT

As it is stated in the previous chapter, the Supreme Personality of Godhead is covered byHis yoga-my.Only surrendered souls and devotees can see Him. Now Arjuna isconvinced that His friend, Ka, is the Supreme Godhead, but he wants to know thegeneral process by which the all-pervading Lord can be understood by the common man.Common men, including the demons and atheists, cannot know Ka, because He isguarded by His yoga-myenergy. Again, these questions are asked by Arjuna for their

benefit. The superior devotee is concerned not only for his own understanding but for theunderstanding of all mankind. So Arjuna, out of his mercy, because he is a Vaiava, adevotee, is opening for the common man the understanding of the all-pervasiveness of theSupreme Lord. He addresses Ka specifically as yoginbecause r Ka is the master ofthe yoga-myenergy, by which He is covered and uncovered to the common man. Thecommon man who has no love for Ka cannot always think of Ka; therefore he has tothink materially. Arjuna is considering the mode of thinking of the materialistic persons ofthis world. The words keu keu ca bhveurefer to material nature (the word bhvameansphysical things). Because materialists cannot understand Ka spiritually, they areadvised to concentrate the mind on physical things and try to see how Ka is manifestedby physical representations.


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Chapter 10Text 18

vistaretmano yogavibhti ca janrdana

bhya kathaya tptir hivato nsti me mtam

SYNONYMSvistareain detail; tmanaYour; yogammystic power; vibhtimopulences; caalso;jana-ardanaO killer of the atheists; bhyaagain; kathayadescribe; tptisatisfaction; hicertainly; vatahearing; na astithere is not; memy; amtamnectar.

TRANSLATION

O Janrdana, again please describe in detail the mystic power of Your opulences. I am never

satiated in hearing about You, for the more I hear the more I want to taste the nectar ofYour words.

PURPORT

A similar statement was made to Sta Gosvm by the isof Naimiraya, headed byaunaka. That statement is:

vaya tu na vitpyma

uttama-loka-vikrameyac chvat rasa-jnsvdu svdu pade pade

One can never be satiated even though one continuously hears the transcendentalpastimes of Ka, who is glorified by excellent prayers. Those who have entered into atranscendental relationship with Ka relish at every step the descriptions of the pastimesof the Lord. (rmad-Bhgavatam1.1.19) Thus Arjuna is interested in hearing aboutKa, and specifically how He remains as the all-pervading Supreme Lord.

Now as far as amtam,nectar, is concerned, any narration or statement concerning Kais just like nectar. And this nectar can be perceived by practical experience. Modernstories, fiction and histories are different from the transcendental pastimes of the Lord inthat one will tire of hearing mundane stories but one never tires of hearing about Ka. Itis for this reason only that the history of the whole universe is replete with references tothe pastimes of the incarnations of Godhead. The Purasare histories of bygone ages thatrelate the pastimes of the various incarnations of the Lord. In this way the reading matterremains forever fresh, despite repeated readings.


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Chapter 10Text 19

r-bhagavn uvcahanta te kathayiymi

divy hy tma-vibhtayaprdhnyata kuru-reha

nsty anto vistarasya me

SYNONYMS

r-bhagavn uvcathe Supreme Personality of Godhead said; hantayes; teunto you;kathayiymiI shall speak; divydivine; hicertainly; tma-vibhtayapersonalopulences;prdhnyatawhich are principal; kuru-rehaO best of the Kurus; naastithere is not; antalimit; vistarasyato the extent; meMy.

TRANSLATION

The Supreme Personality of Godhead said: Yes, I will tell you of My splendorousmanifestations, but only of those which are prominent, O Arjuna, for My opulence islimitless.

PURPORT

It is not possible to comprehend the greatness of Ka and His opulences. The senses ofthe individual soul are limited and do not permit him to understand the totality of Kasaffairs. Still the devotees try to understand Ka, but not on the principle that they will

be able to understand Ka fully at any specific time or in any state of life. Rather, thevery topics of Ka are so relishable that they appear to the devotees as nectar. Thus thedevotees enjoy them. In discussing Kas opulences and His diverse energies, the puredevotees take transcendental pleasure. Therefore they want to hear and discuss them.Ka knows that living entities do not understand the extent of His opulences; Hetherefore agrees to state only the principal manifestations of His different energies. Thewordprdhnyata(principal) is very important because we can understand only a fewof the principal details of the Supreme Lord, for His features are unlimited. It is notpossible to understand them all. And vibhti,as used in this verse, refers to the opulencesby which He controls the whole manifestation. In the Amara-koadictionary it is statedthat vibhtiindicates an exceptional opulence.The impersonalist or pantheist cannot understand the exceptional opulences of theSupreme Lord nor the manifestations of His divine energies. Both in the material worldand in the spiritual world His energies are distributed in every variety of manifestation.Now Ka is describing what can be directly perceived by the common man; thus part ofHis variegated energy is described in this way.


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Chapter 10Text 20

aham tm gukeasarva-bhtaya-sthita

aham di ca madhya cabhtnm anta eva ca

SYNONYMSahamI; tmthe soul; gukeaO Arjuna; sarva-bhtaof all living entities; aya-sthitasituated within the heart; ahamI am; dithe origin; caalso; madhyammiddle; caalso; bhtnmof all living entities; antaend; evacertainly; caand.

TRANSLATION

I am the Supersoul, O Arjuna, seated in the hearts of all living entities. I am the beginning,the middle and the end of all beings.

PURPORT

In this verse Arjuna is addressed as Gukea, which means one who has conquered thedarkness of sleep. For those who are sleeping in the darkness of ignorance, it is notpossible to understand how the Supreme Personality of Godhead manifests Himself invarious ways in the material and spiritual worlds. Thus this address by Ka to Arjuna issignificant. Because Arjuna is above such darkness, the Personality of Godhead agrees todescribe His various opulences.

Ka first informs Arjuna that He is the soul of the entire cosmic manifestation by dintof His primary expansion. Before the material creation, the Supreme Lord, by His plenaryexpansion, accepts thepuruaincarnations, and from Him everything begins. ThereforeHe is tm,the soul of the mahat-tattva,the universal elements. The total material energyis not the cause of the creation; actually the Mah-Viu enters into the mahat-tattva,thetotal material energy. He is the soul. When Mah-Viu enters into the manifesteduniverses, He again manifests Himself as the Supersoul in each and every entity. We haveexperience that the personal body of the living entity exists due to the presence of thespiritual spark. Without the existence of the spiritual spark, the body cannot develop.Similarly, the material manifestation cannot develop unless the Supreme Soul, Ka,enters. As stated in the Subala Upaniad,prakty-di-sarva-bhtntar-ym sarva-e canryaa:The Supreme Personality of Godhead is existing as the Supersoul in allmanifested universes.The threepurua-avatrasare described in rmad-Bhgavatam.They are also described inthe Stvata-tantra.Vios tu tri rpi purukhyny atho vidu:the Supreme Personalityof Godhead manifests three featuresas Kraodakay Viu, Garbhodakay Viuand Krodakay Viuin this material manifestation. The Mah-Viu, or

Kraodakay Viu, is described in the Brahma-sahit(5.47). Ya krarava-jale


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bhajati sma yoga-nidrm:the Supreme Lord, Ka, the cause of all causes, lies down in thecosmic ocean as Mah-Viu. Therefore the Supreme Personality of Godhead is thebeginning of this universe, the maintainer of the universal manifestations, and the end ofall energy.


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Chapter 10Text 21

ditynm aha viurjyoti ravir aumn

marcir marutm asminakatrm aha a

SYNONYMSditynmof the dityas; ahamI am; viuthe Supreme Lord;jyotimof allluminaries; ravithe sun; au-mnradiant; marciMarci; marutmof theMaruts; asmiI am; nakatrmof the stars; ahamI am; athe moon.

TRANSLATION

Of the dityas I am Viu, of lights I am the radiant sun, of the Maruts I am Marci, andamong the stars I am the moon.

PURPORT

There are twelve dityas, of which Ka is the principal. Among all the luminariestwinkling in the sky, the sun is the chief, and in the Brahma-sahitthe sun is accepted asthe glowing eye of the Supreme Lord. There are fifty varieties of wind blowing in space,and of these winds the controlling deity, Marci, represents Ka.Among the stars, the moon is the most prominent at night, and thus the moon representsKa. It appears from this verse that the moon is one of the stars; therefore the stars that

twinkle in the sky also reflect the light of the sun. The theory that there are many sunswithin the universe is not accepted by Vedic literature. The sun is one, and as by thereflection of the sun the moon illuminates, so also do the stars. Since Bhagavad-gtindicates herein that the moon is one of the stars, the twinkling stars are not suns but aresimilar to the moon.


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Chapter 10Text 22

vedn sma-vedo smidevnm asmi vsava

indriy mana csmibhtnm asmi cetan

SYNONYMSvednmof all the Vedas;sma-vedathe Sma Veda;asmiI am; devnmof all thedemigods; asmiI am; vsavathe heavenly king; indriymof all the senses;manathe mind; caalso; asmiI am; bhtnmof all living entities; asmiI am;cetanthe living force.

TRANSLATION

Of the Vedas I am the Sma Veda; of the demigods I am Indra, the king of heaven; of the

senses I am the mind; and in living beings I am the living force [consciousness].

PURPORT

The difference between matter and spirit is that matter has no consciousness like theliving entity; therefore this consciousness is supreme and eternal. Consciousness cannot beproduced by a combination of matter.


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Chapter 10Text 23

rudr akara csmivitteo yaka-rakasmvasn pvaka csmimeru ikharim aham

SYNONYMSrudrmof all the Rudras; akaraLord iva; caalso; asmiI am; vitta-athelord of the treasury of the demigods; yaka-rakasmof the Yakas and Rkasas;vasnmof the Vasus;pvakafire; caalso; asmiI am; meruMeru; ikharimof all mountains; ahamI am.

TRANSLATION

Of all the Rudras I am Lord iva, of the Yakas and Rkasas I am the Lord of wealth

[Kuvera], of the Vasus I am fire [Agni], and of mountains I am Meru.

PURPORT

There are eleven Rudras, of whom akara, Lord iva, is predominant. He is theincarnation of the Supreme Lord in charge of the mode of ignorance in the universe. Theleader of the Yakas and Rkasas is Kuvera, the master treasurer of the demigods, and heis a representation of the Supreme Lord. Meru is a mountain famed for its rich naturalresources.


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Chapter 10Text 24

purodhas ca mukhya mviddhi prtha bhaspatimsennnm aha skanda

sarasm asmi sgara

SYNONYMSpurodhasmof all priests; caalso; mukhyamthe chief; mmMe; viddhiunderstand;prthaO son of Pth; bhaspatimBhaspati; sennnmof allcommanders; ahamI am; skandaKrtikeya; sarasmof all reservoirs of water;asmiI am; sgarathe ocean.

TRANSLATION

Of priests, O Arjuna, know Me to be the chief, Bhaspati. Of generals I am Krtikeya, and

of bodies of water I am the ocean.

PURPORT

Indra is the chief demigod of the heavenly planets and is known as the king of theheavens. The planet on which he reigns is called Indraloka. Bhaspati is Indras priest, andsince Indra is the chief of all kings, Bhaspati is the chief of all priests. And as Indra is thechief of all kings, similarly Skanda, or Krtikeya, the son of Prvat and Lord iva, is thechief of all military commanders. And of all bodies of water, the ocean is the greatest.

These representations of Ka only give hints of His greatness.


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Chapter 10Text 25

mahar bhgur ahagirm asmy ekam akaramyajn japa-yajo smisthvar himlaya

SYNONYMSmah-mamong the great sages; bhguBhgu; ahamI am; girmof vibrations;asmiI am; ekam akarampraava;yajnmof sacrifices;japa-yajachanting;asmiI am; sthvarmof immovable things; himlayathe Himlayan mountains.

TRANSLATION

Of the great sages I am Bhgu; of vibrations I am the transcendental o. Of sacrifices I amthe chanting of the holy names [japa], and of immovable things I am the Himlayas.

PURPORT

Brahm, the first living creature within the universe, created several sons for thepropagation of various kinds of species. Among these sons, Bhgu is the most powerfulsage. Of all the transcendental vibrations, the o(okra) represents Ka. Of allsacrifices, the chanting of Hare Ka, Hare Ka, Ka Ka, Hare Hare/ Hare Rma,Hare Rma, Rma Rma, Hare Hare is the purest representation of Ka. Sometimesanimal sacrifices are recommended, but in the sacrifice of Hare Ka, Hare Ka, there is

no question of violence. It is the simplest and the purest. Whatever is sublime in theworlds is a representation of Ka. Therefore the Himlayas, the greatest mountains inthe world, also represent Him. The mountain named Meru was mentioned in a previousverse, but Meru is sometimes movable, whereas the Himlayas are never movable. Thus theHimlayas are greater than Meru.


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Chapter 10Text 26

avattha sarva-vkdevar ca nrada

gandharv citrarathasiddhn kapilo muni

SYNONYMSavatthathe banyan tree; sarva-vkmof all trees; deva-mof all the sagesamongst the demigods; caand; nradaNrada; gandharvmof the citizens of theGandharva planet; citrarathaCitraratha; siddhnmof all those who are perfected;kapila muniKapila Muni.

TRANSLATION

Of all trees I am the banyan tree, and of the sages among the demigods I am Nrada. Of the

Gandharvas I am Citraratha, and among perfected beings I am the sage Kapila.

PURPORT

The banyan tree (avattha) is one of the highest and most beautiful trees, and people inIndia often worship it as one of their daily morning rituals. Amongst the demigods theyalso worship Nrada, who is considered the greatest devotee in the universe. Thus he is therepresentation of Ka as a devotee. The Gandharva planet is filled with entities who singbeautifully, and among them the best singer is Citraratha. Amongst the perfect living

entities, Kapila, the son of Devahti, is a representative of Ka. He is considered anincarnation of Ka, and His philosophy is mentioned in the rmad-Bhgavatam.Lateron another Kapila became famous, but his philosophy was atheistic. Thus there is a gulf ofdifference between them.


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Chapter 10Text 27

uccairavasam avnviddhi mm amtodbhavam

airvata gajendrnar ca nardhipam

SYNONYMSuccairavasamUccairav; avnmamong horses; viddhiknow; mmMe; amta-udbhavamproduced from the churning of the ocean; airvatamAirvata; gaja-indrmof lordly elephants; narmamong human beings; caand; nara-adhipamthe king.

TRANSLATION

Of horses know Me to be Uccairav, produced during the churning of the ocean for

nectar. Of lordly elephants I am Airvata, and among men I am the monarch.

PURPORT

The devotee demigods and the demons (asuras) once took part in churning the sea. Fromthis churning, nectar and poison were produced, and Lord iva drank the poison. From thenectar were produced many entities, of which there was a horse named Uccairav.Another animal produced from the nectar was an elephant named Airvata. Because thesetwo animals were produced from nectar, they have special significance, and they are

representatives of Ka.Amongst the human beings, the king is the representative of Ka because Ka is themaintainer of the universe, and the kings, who are appointed on account of their godlyqualifications, are maintainers of their kingdoms. Kings like Mahrja Yudhihira,Mahrja Parkit and Lord Rma were all highly righteous kings who always thought ofthe citizens welfare. In Vedic literature, the king is considered to be the representative ofGod. In this age, however, with the corruption of the principles of religion, monarchydecayed and is now finally abolished. It is to be understood that in the past, however,people were more happy under righteous kings.


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Chapter 10Text 28

yudhnm aha vajradhennm asmi kmadhukprajana csmi kandarpa

sarpm asmi vsuki

SYNONYMSyudhnmof all weapons; ahamI am; vajramthe thunderbolt; dhennmof cows;asmiI am; kma-dhukthe surabhicow;prajanathe cause for begetting children;caand; asmiI am; kandarpaCupid; sarpmof serpents; asmiI am; vsukiVsuki.

TRANSLATION

Of weapons I am the thunderbolt; among cows I am the surabhi. Of causes for procreation I

am Kandarpa, the god of love, and of serpents I am Vsuki.

PURPORT

The thunderbolt, indeed a mighty weapon, represents Kas power. In Kaloka in thespiritual sky there are cows which can be milked at any time, and they give as much milk asone likes. Of course such cows do not exist in this material world, but there is mention ofthem in Kaloka. The Lord keeps many such cows, which are called surabhi.It is statedthat the Lord is engaged in herding the surabhicows. Kandarpa is the sex desire for

presenting good sons; therefore Kandarpa is the representative of Ka. Sometimes sex isengaged in only for sense gratification; such sex does not represent Ka. But sex for thegeneration of good children is called Kandarpa and represents Ka.


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Chapter 10Text 29

ananta csmi ngnvaruo ydasm ahampitm aryam csmi

yama sayamatm aham

SYNONYMSanantaAnanta; caalso; asmiI am; ngnmof the many-hooded serpents;varuathe demigod controlling the water; ydasmof all aquatics; ahamI am;

pitmof the ancestors; aryamAryam; caalso; asmiI am; yamathecontroller of death; sayamatmof all regulators; ahamI am.

TRANSLATION

Of the many-hooded Ngas I am Ananta, and among the aquatics I am the demigod Varua.

Of departed ancestors I am Aryam, and among the dispensers of law I am Yama, the lord ofdeath.

PURPORT

Among the many-hooded Nga serpents, Ananta is the greatest, as is the demigod Varuaamong the aquatics. They both represent Ka. There is also a planet of Pits, ancestors,presided over by Aryam, who represents Ka. There are many living entities who givepunishment to the miscreants, and among them Yama is the chief. Yama is situated in a

planet near this earthly planet. After death those who are very sinful are taken there, andYama arranges different kinds of punishments for them.


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Chapter 10Text 30

prahlda csmi daitynkla kalayatm aham

mg ca mgendro havainateya ca pakim

SYNONYMSprahldaPrahlda; caalso; asmiI am; daitynmof the demons; klatime;kalayatmof subduers; ahamI am; mgmof animals; caand; mga-indrathelion; ahamI am; vainateyaGarua; caalso;pakimof birds.

TRANSLATION

Among the Daitya demons I am the devoted Prahlda, among subduers I am time, amongbeasts I am the lion, and among birds I am Garua.

PURPORT

Diti and Aditi are two sisters. The sons of Aditi are called dityas, and the sons of Diti arecalled Daityas. All the dityas are devotees of the Lord, and all the Daityas are atheistic.Although Prahlda was born in the family of the Daityas, he was a great devotee from hischildhood. Because of his devotional service and godly nature, he is considered to be arepresentative of Ka.There are many subduing principles, but time wears down all things in the material

universe and so represents Ka. Of the many animals, the lion is the most powerful andferocious, and of the million varieties of birds, Garua, the bearer of Lord Viu, is thegreatest.


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Chapter 10Text 31

pavana pavatm asmirma astra-bhtm ahamjha makara csmi

srotasm asmi jhnav

SYNONYMSpavanathe wind;pavatmof all that purifies; asmiI am; rmaRma; astra-bhtmof the carriers of weapons; ahamI am;jhamof all fish; makaratheshark; caalso; asmiI am; srotasmof flowing rivers; asmiI am;jhnavthe RiverGanges.

TRANSLATION

Of purifiers I am the wind, of the wielders of weapons I am Rma, of fishes I am the shark,

and of flowing rivers I am the Ganges.

PURPORT

Of all the aquatics the shark is one of the biggest and is certainly the most dangerous toman. Thus the shark represents Ka.


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Chapter 10Text 32

sargm dir anta camadhya caivham arjunaadhytma-vidy vidynvda pravadatm aham

SYNONYMSsargmof all creations; dithe beginning; antaend; caand; madhyammiddle; caalso; evacertainly; ahamI am; arjunaO Arjuna; adhytma-vidyspiritual knowledge; vidynmof all education; vdathe natural conclusion;

pravadatmof arguments; ahamI am.

TRANSLATION

Of all creations I am the beginning and the end and also the middle, O Arjuna. Of all

sciences I am the spiritual science of the self, and among logicians I am the conclusive truth.

PURPORT

Among the created manifestations, the first is the creation of the total material elements.As explained before, the cosmic manifestation is created and conducted by Mah-Viu,Garbhodakay Viu and Krodakay Viu, and then again it is annihilated by Lordiva. Brahm is a secondary creator. All these agents of creation, maintenance andannihilation are incarnations of the material qualities of the Supreme Lord. Therefore He

is the beginning, the middle and the end of all creation.For advanced education there are various kinds of books of knowledge, such as the fourVedas,their six supplements, the Vednta-stra,books of logic, books of religiosity and thePuras.So all together there are fourteen divisions of books of education. Of these, thebook which presents adhytma-vidy,spiritual knowledgein particular, the Vednta-strarepresents Ka.Among logicians there are different kinds of argument. Supporting ones argument withevidence that also supports the opposing side is called jalpa.Merely trying to defeat onesopponent is called vita.But the actual conclusion is called vda.This conclusive truthis a representation of Ka.


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Chapter 10Text 33

akarm a-kro smidvandva smsikasya ca

aham evkaya klodhtha vivato-mukha

SYNONYMSakarmof letters; a-krathe first letter; asmiI am; dvandvathe dual;smsikasyaof compounds; caand; ahamI am; evacertainly; akayaeternal;klatime; dhtthe creator; ahamI am; vivata-mukhaBrahm.

TRANSLATION

Of letters I am the letter A, and among compound words I am the dual compound. I am alsoinexhaustible time, and of creators I am Brahm.

PURPORT

A-kra,the first letter of the Sanskrit alphabet, is the beginning of the Vedic literature.Without a-kra,nothing can be sounded; therefore it is the beginning of sound. InSanskrit there are also many compound words, of which the dual word, like rma-ka,iscalled dvandva.In this compound, the words rmaand kahave the same form, andtherefore the compound is called dual.Among all kinds of killers, time is the ultimate because time kills everything. Time is the

representative of Ka because in due course of time there will be a great fire andeverything will be annihilated.Among the living entities who are creators, Brahm, who has four heads, is the chief.Therefore he is a representative of the Supreme Lord, Ka.


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Chapter 10Text 34

mtyu sarva-hara chamudbhava ca bhaviyatmkrti rr vk ca nrsmtir medh dhti kam

SYNONYMSmtyudeath; sarva-haraall-devouring; caalso; ahamI am; udbhavageneration; caalso; bhaviyatmof future manifestations; krtifame; ropulenceor beauty; vkfine speech; caalso; nrmof women; smtimemory; medhintelligence; dhtifirmness; kampatience.

TRANSLATION

I am all-devouring death, and I am the generating principle of all that is yet to be. Among

women I am fame, fortune, fine speech, memory, intelligence, steadfastness and patience.

PURPORT

As soon as a man is born, he dies at every moment. Thus death is devouring every livingentity at every moment, but the last stroke is called death itself. That death is Ka. Asfor future development, all living entities undergo six basic changes. They are born, theygrow, they remain for some time, they reproduce, they dwindle, and finally they vanish. Ofthese changes, the first is deliverance from the womb, and that is Ka. The first

generation is the beginning of all future activities.The seven opulences listedfame, fortune, fine speech, memory, intelligence,steadfastness and patienceare considered feminine. If a person possesses all of them orsome of them he becomes glorious. If a man is famous as a righteous man, that makes himglorious. Sanskrit is a perfect language and is therefore very glorious. If after studying onecan remember a subject matter, he is gifted with a good memory, or smti.And the abilitynot only to read many books on different subject matters but to understand them andapply them when necessary is intelligence (medh), another opulence. The ability toovercome unsteadiness is called firmness or steadfastness (dhti). And when one is fullyqualified yet is humble and gentle, and when one is able to keep his balance both in sorrowand in the ecstasy of joy, he has the opulence called patience (kam).


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Chapter 10Text 35

bhat-sma tath smngyatr chandasm aham

msn mrga-ro hamtn kusumkara

SYNONYMSbhat-smathe Bhat-sma;tathalso; smnmof the Sma Vedasongs; gyatrtheGyatr hymns; chandasmof all poetry; ahamI am; msnmof months; mrga-rathe month of November-December; ahamI am; tnmof all seasons; kusuma-karaspring.

TRANSLATION

Of the hymns in the Sma Veda I am the Bhat-sma, and of poetry I am the Gyatr. Of

months I am Mrgara [November-December], and of seasons I am flower-bearing spring.

PURPORT

It has already been explained by the Lord that amongst all the Vedas,He is the Sma Veda.The Sma Vedais rich with beautiful songs played by the various demigods. One of thesesongs is the Bhat-sma,which has an exquisite melody and is sung at midnight.In Sanskrit, there are definite rules that regulate poetry; rhyme and meter are not writtenwhimsically, as in much modern poetry. Amongst the regulated poetry, the Gyatr

mantra,which is chanted by the duly qualified brhmaas,is the most prominent. TheGyatr mantrais mentioned in the rmad-Bhgavatam.Because the Gyatr mantraisespecially meant for God realization, it represents the Supreme Lord. This mantrais meantfor spiritually advanced people, and when one attains success in chanting it, he can enterinto the transcendental position of the Lord. One must first acquire the qualities of theperfectly situated person, the qualities of goodness according to the laws of materialnature, in order to chant the Gyatr mantra.The Gyatr mantrais very important inVedic civilization and is considered to be the sound incarnation of Brahman. Brahm is itsinitiator, and it is passed down from him in disciplic succession.The month of November-December is considered the best of all months because in Indiagrains are collected from the fields at this time and the people become very happy. Ofcourse spring is a season universally liked because it is neither too hot nor too cold and theflowers and trees blossom and flourish. In spring there are also many ceremoniescommemorating Kas pastimes; therefore this is considered to be the most joyful of allseasons, and it is the representative of the Supreme Lord, Ka.


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Chapter 10Text 36

dyta chalayatm asmitejas tejasvinm aham

jayo smi vyavasyo smisattva sattvavatm aham

SYNONYMSdytamgambling; chalayatmof all cheats; asmiI am; tejathe splendor;tejasvinmof everything splendid; ahamI am;jayavictory; asmiI am;vyavasyaenterprise or adventure; asmiI am; sattvamthe strength; sattva-vatmof the strong; ahamI am.

TRANSLATION

I am also the gambling of cheats, and of the splendid I am the splendor. I am victory, I am

adventure, and I am the strength of the strong.

PURPORT

There are many kinds of cheaters all over the universe. Of all cheating processes, gamblingstands supreme and therefore represents Ka. As the Supreme, Ka can be moredeceitful than any mere man. If Ka chooses to deceive a person, no one can surpass Himin His deceit. His greatness is not simply one-sidedit is all-sided.Among the victorious, He is victory. He is the splendor of the splendid. Among the

enterprising and industrious, He is the most enterprising, the most industrious. Amongadventurers He is the most adventurous, and among the strong He is the strongest. WhenKa was present on earth, no one could surpass Him in strength. Even in His childhoodHe lifted Govardhana Hill. No one can surpass Him in cheating, no one can surpass Himin splendor, no one can surpass Him in victory, no one can surpass Him in enterprise, andno one can surpass Him in strength.


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Chapter 10Text 37

vn vsudevo smipavn dhanajayamunnm apy aha vysa

kavnm uan kavi

SYNONYMSvnmof the descendants of Vi; vsudevaKa in Dvrak; asmiI am;

pavnmof the Pavas; dhanajayaArjuna; munnmof the sages; apialso;ahamI am; vysaVysa, the compiler of all Vedic literature; kavnmof all greatthinkers; uanUan; kavithe thinker.

TRANSLATION

Of the descendants of Vi I am Vsudeva, and of the Pavas I am Arjuna. Of the sages

I am Vysa, and among great thinkers I am Uan.

PURPORT

Ka is the original Supreme Personality of Godhead, and Baladeva is Kas immediateexpansion. Both Lord Ka and Baladeva appeared as sons of Vasudeva, so both of Themmay be called Vsudeva. From another point of view, because Ka never leavesVndvana, all the forms of Ka that appear elsewhere are His expansions. Vsudeva isKas immediate expansion, so Vsudeva is not different from Ka. It is to be

understood that the Vsudeva referred to in this verse of Bhagavad-gtis Baladeva, orBalarma, because He is the original source of all incarnations and thus He is the solesource of Vsudeva. The immediate expansions of the Lord are called sva(personalexpansions), and there are also expansions called vibhinna(separated expansions).Amongst the sons of Pu, Arjuna is famous as Dhanajaya. He is the best of men andtherefore represents Ka. Among the munis,or learned men conversant in Vedicknowledge, Vysa is the greatest because he explained Vedic knowledge in many differentways for the understanding of the common mass of people in this Age of Kali. And Vysais also known as an incarnation of Ka; therefore Vysa also represents Ka. Kavisarethose who are capable of thinking thoroughly on any subject matter. Among the kavis,Uan, ukrcrya, was the spiritual master of the demons; he was an extremely intelligentand far-seeing politician. Thus ukrcrya is another representative of the opulence ofKa.


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Chapter 10Text 38

dao damayatm asmintir asmi jigatm

mauna caivsmi guhynjna jnavatm aham

SYNONYMSdaapunishment; damayatmof all means of suppression; asmiI am; ntimorality; asmiI am;jigatmof those who seek victory; maunamsilence; caand;evaalso; asmiI am; guhynmof secrets;jnamknowledge;jna-vatmof thewise; ahamI am.

TRANSLATION

Among all means of suppressing lawlessness I am punishment, and of those who seek victory

I am morality. Of secret things I am silence, and of the wise I am the wisdom.

PURPORT

There are many suppressing agents, of which the most important are those that cut downmiscreants. When miscreants are punished, the agency of chastisement represents Ka.Among those who are trying to be victorious in some field of activity, the most victoriouselement is morality. Among the confidential activities of hearing, thinking andmeditating, silence is most important because by silence one can make progress very

quickly. The wise man is he who can discriminate between matter and spirit, betweenGods superior and inferior natures. Such knowledge is Ka Himself.


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Chapter 10Text 39

yac cpi sarva-bhtnbja tad aham arjuna

na tad asti vin yat synmay bhta carcaram

SYNONYMSyatwhatever; caalso; apimay be; sarva-bhtnmof all creations; bjamseed;tatthat; ahamI am; arjunaO Arjuna; nanot; tatthat; astithere is; vinwithout; yatwhich; sytexists; mayMe; bhtamcreated being; cara-acarammoving and nonmoving.

TRANSLATION

Furthermore, O Arjuna, I am the generating seed of all existences. There is no being

moving or nonmovingthat can exist without Me.

PURPORT

Everything has a cause, and that cause or seed of manifestation is Ka. Without Kasenergy, nothing can exist; therefore He is called omnipotent. Without His potency,neither the movable nor the immovable can exist. Whatever existence is not founded onthe energy of Ka is called my,that which is not.


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Chapter 10Text 40

nnto sti mama divynvibhtn parantapaea tddeata proktovibhter vistaro may

SYNONYMSnanor; antaa limit; astithere is; mamaMy; divynmof the divine;vibhtnmopulences;parantapaO conqueror of the enemies; eaall this; tubut;uddeataas examples;proktaspoken; vibhteof opulences; vistarathe expanse;mayby Me.

TRANSLATION

O mighty conqueror of enemies, there is no end to My divine manifestations. What I have

spoken to you is but a mere indication of My infinite opulences.

PURPORT

As stated in the Vedic literature, although the opulences and energies of the Supreme areunderstood in various ways, there is no limit to such opulences; therefore not all theopulences and energies can be explained. Simply a few examples are being described toArjuna to pacify his inquisitiveness.


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Chapter 10Text 41

yad yad vibhtimat sattvarmad rjitam eva v

tat tad evvagaccha tvamama tejo-a-sambhavam

SYNONYMSyat yatwhatever; vibhtiopulences; mathaving; sattvamexistence; r-matbeautiful; rjitamglorious; evacertainly; vor; tat tatall those; evacertainly;avagacchamust know; tvamyou; mamaMy; tejaof the splendor; aaa part;sambhavamborn of.

TRANSLATION

Know that all opulent, beautiful and glorious creations spring from but a spark of My

splendor.

PURPORT

Any glorious or beautiful existence should be understood to be but a fragmentalmanifestation of Kas opulence, whether it be in the spiritual or material world.Anything extraordinarily opulent should be considered to represent Kas opulence.


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Chapter 10Text 42

atha v bahunaitenaki jtena tavrjuna

viabhyham ida ktsnamekena sthito jagat

SYNONYMSatha vor; bahunmany; etenaby this kind; kimwhat;jtenaby knowing;tavayour; arjunaO Arjuna; viabhyapervading; ahamI; idamthis; ktsnamentire; ekaby one; aenapart; sthitaam situated;jagatuniverse.

TRANSLATION

But what need is there, Arjuna, for all this detailed knowledge? With a single fragment ofMyself I pervade and support this entire universe.

PURPORT

The Supreme Lord is represented throughout the entire material universes by His enteringinto all things as the Supersoul. The Lord here tells Arjuna that there is no point inunderstanding how things exist in their separate opulence and grandeur. He should knowthat all things are existing due to Kas entering them as Supersoul. From Brahm, themost gigantic entity, on down to the smallest ant, all are existing because the Lord hasentered each and all and is sustaining them.

There is a Mission that regularly propounds that worship of any demigod will lead one tothe Supreme Personality of Godhead, or the supreme goal. But worship of demigods isthoroughly discouraged herein because even the greatest demigods like Brahm and ivarepresent only part of the opulence of the Supreme Lord. He is the origin of everyoneborn, and no one is greater than Him. He is asamaurdhva,which means that no one issuperior to Him and that no one is equal to Him. In the Padma Purait is said that onewho considers the Supreme Lord Ka in the same category with demigodsbe they evenBrahm or ivabecomes at once an atheist. If, however, one thoroughly studies thedifferent descriptions of the opulences and expansions of Kas energy, then one canunderstand without any doubt the position of Lord r Ka and can fix his mind in theworship of Ka without deviation. The Lord is all-pervading by the expansion of Hispartial representation, the Supersoul, who enters into everything that is. Pure devotees,therefore, concentrate their minds in Ka consciousness in full devotional service;therefore they are always situated in the transcendental position. Devotional service andworship of Ka are very clearly indicated in this chapter in verses eight through eleven.That is the way of pure devotional service. How one can attain the highest devotionalperfection of association with the Supreme Personality of Godhead has been thoroughly

explained in this chapter. rla Baladeva Vidybhaa, a great cryain disciplic


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succession from Ka, concludes his commentary on this chapter by saying,

yac-chakti-let surydybhavanty aty-ugra-tejasa

yad-aena dhta vivasa ko daame rcyate

From Lord Kas potent energy even the powerful sun gets i

bhagavad gita - chapter 10

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