sni kayu tahun 2013

7/24/2019 SNI Kayu Tahun 2013

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Standar Nasional Indonesia

Spesifikasi desain untuk konstruksi kayu

ICS Badan Standarisasi Nasional

SNI 7973-2013


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Daftar is i

Daftar isi ................................................................................................................................ i

Daftar Gambar .................................................................................................................. xxiv

Daftar Tabel ...................................................................................................................... xxvi

Prakata ............................................................................................................................. xxix

1 Persyaratan Umum untuk Desain Struktural .................... ......................................... ....... 1

1.1 Lingkup ......................................................................................................................... 1

1.1.1 Praktik yang didefinisikan .................... ......................................... .............................. 1

1.1.2 Supervisi yang Kompeten .................... ......................................... .............................. 1

1.2 Persyaratan Umum ............................... ......................................... .............................. 1

1.2.1 Pemenuhan Standar ................................ ............................... ................................... 1

1.2.2 Perangkaian dan Pembreisingan ............................... ......................................... ....... 11.3 Standar Sebagai Satu Kesatuan .............................. ......................................... ............ 2

1.4 Prosedur Desain ................................ ...................... ......................................... ............ 2

1.4.1 Asumsi Pembebanan ............................... ............................... ................................... 2

1.4.2 Ditentukan di Peraturan ...................... ......................................... .............................. 2

1.4.3 Beban yang Dimasukkan .................... ......................................... .............................. 2

1.4.4 Kombinasi Beban ................................ ......................................... .............................. 2

1.5 Spesifikasi dan Gambar Rencana .......... ......................................... .............................. 2

1.5.1 Ukuran ....................................................................................................................... 2

1.6 Notasi .. ......................................................................................................................... 3

2 Nilai Desain untuk Komponen Struktur ............................. ......................................... ....... 9

2.1 Umum ............................................................................................................................. 9

2.1.1 Persyaratan Umum .............................. ......................................... .............................. 9

2.1.2 Tanggungjawab Perencana untuk Mengoreksi terhadap Kondisi Penggunaan .......... 9

2.2 Nilai Desain Acuan .......... ......................................... ......................................... ............ 9

2.3 Koreksi terhadap Nilai Desain Acuan .......... ............................... ................................... 9

2.3.1 Keberlakuan Faktor Koreksi ........... ................................................... ......................... 9

2.3.2 Faktor Durasi Beban, CD (hanya DTI) ........................................................................ 9

2.3.3 Faktor Temperatur, Ct .............................................................................................. 10

2.3.4 Perlakuan Hambat Api ............................. ............................... ................................. 11

2.3.5 Faktor Konversi Format, KF(hanya DFBK) ............................................................... 11

2.3.6 Faktor Ketahanan, (hanya DFBK) ..................... ......................................... .......... 11

2.3.7 Faktor Efek Waktu, (hanya DFBK)......................................................................... 11


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3 Ketentuan dan Persamaan Desain................. ......................................... ....................... 12

3.1 Umum ......................................................................................................................... 12

3.1.2 Luas Penampang Neto ......................................... ......................................... .......... 12

3.1.3 Sambungan.............................................................................................................. 13

3.1.4 Deformasi yang Bergantung pada Waktu ................... ......................................... ..... 13

3.1.5 Konstruksi Komposit ................................ ............................... ................................. 13

3.2 Komponen Struktur Lentur ..................... ......................................... ............................ 13

3.2.1 Bentang Komponen Struktur Lentur ...................... ......................................... .......... 13

3.2.2 Distribusi Lateral Beban Terpusat .............................. ......................................... ..... 13

3.2.3 Takikan .................................................................................................................... 14

3.3 Komponen Struktur Lentur Lentur .............................. ......................................... ..... 14

3.3.1 Kekuatan Lentur ......................................................................................................... 14

3.3.2 Persamaan Desain Lentur.......................................................................................... 14

3.3.3 Faktor Stabilitas Balok, CL ........................................................................................ 14

3.4 Komponen Struktur Lentur Geser ............................... ......................................... ..... 16

3.4.1 Kekuatan Geser Sejajar Serat (Geser Horizontal) ..................... ................................. 16

3.4.2 Persamaan Desain Geser .......................................................................................... 16

3.4.3 Desain Geser ............................................................................................................. 17

3.5 Komponen Struktur Lentur Defleksi .......... ............................... ................................. 19

3.5.1 Perhitungan Defleksi ................................ ............................... ................................. 19

3.5.2 Pembebanan Jangka Panjang .............................. ......................................... .......... 20

3.6 Komponen Struktur Tekan Umum .............................. ......................................... ..... 203.6.1 Terminologi .............................................................................................................. 20

3.6.2 Klasifikasi Kolom ...................................................................................................... 20

3.6.3 Kekuatan Tekan Sejajar Serat.................................... ......................................... ..... 20

3.6.4 Tumpu Komponen struktur Tekan Ujung ke Ujung ......................................... .......... 21

3.6.5 Pembebanan Eksentris atau Tegangan Kombinasi ...................... ............................ 21

3.6.6 Breising Kolom ................................ ...................... ......................................... .......... 21

3.6.7 Tumpuan Lateral Pelengkung, Stad, dan Batang Tekan pada Rangka Batang ........ 21

3.7 Kolom Masif ................................................................................................................ 21

3.7.1 Faktor Stabilitas Kolom, CP ...................................................................................... 21

3.7.2 Kolom Tirus ................................................................................................................ 22

3.7.3 Kolom Bundar .......................................................................................................... 23

3.8 Komponen struktur Tarik ............................. ............................... ................................. 23

3.8.1 Tarik Sejajar Serat .............................. ......................................... ............................ 23

3.8.2 Tarik Tegak Lurus Serat ...................... ......................................... ............................ 23


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3.9 Kombinasi Pembebanan Lentur dan Aksial ............................... ................................. 23

3.9.1 Lentur dan Tarik Aksial ......................................... ......................................... .......... 23

3.9.2 Lentur dan Tekan Aksial............................................. ......................................... ..... 24

3.9.3 Pembebanan Tekan Eksentris .............................. ......................................... .......... 24

3.10 Desain Tumpu .................... ......................................... ......................................... ..... 25

3.10.1 Tumpu Sejajar Serat .............................. ............................... ................................. 25

3.10.2 Tumpu Tegak Lurus Serat ........................................ ......................................... ..... 25

3.10.3 Tumpu Bersudut Terhadap Serat ............................. ......................................... ..... 25

3.10.4 Faktor Luas Tumpu, Cb .......................................................................................... 25

4 Kayu Gergajian ......................................... ......................................... ............................ 27

4.1 Umum ......................................................................................................................... 27

4.1.1 Ruang Lingkup ................................ ...................... ......................................... .......... 27

4.1.2 Identifikasi Kayu ........... ......................................... ......................................... .......... 27

4.1.3 Definisi ..................................................................................................................... 27

4.1.4 Kondisi Layan Kadar Air Kayu ............................... ......................................... .......... 28

4.1.5 Ukuran Kayu ............................................................................................................ 28

4.1.6 Kayu yang Disambung di Ujung atau Dilem Di tepi .................................................... 28

4.1.7 Kayu Gergaji Ulang atau Produk Ulang ................... ......................................... .......... 28

4.2 Desain Acuan ............................................................................................................... 28

4.2.1 Nilai Desain Acuan ..................................................................................................... 28

4.2.2 Species dan Mutu lain .............................. ............................... ................................. 29

4.2.3 Basis untuk Nilai Desain Acuan................ ............................... ................................. 304.2.4 Modulus elastisitas, E ................................................................................................ 30

4.2.5 Lentur, Fb ................................................................................................................... 30

4.2.6 Tekan Tegak Lurus Serat, Fc .................................................................................... 31

4.3 Koreksi pada Nilai Desain Acuan ........... ......................................... ............................ 31

4.3.1 Umum ...................................................................................................................... 31

4.3.2 Faktor Durasi Beban, CD(DTI) ................................................................................. 32

4.3.3 Faktor Layan Basah, CM ........................................................................................... 32



4.3.6 Faktor Ukuran, CF .................................................................................................... 33

4.3.7 Faktor Penggunaan Rebah, Cfu ................................................................................ 33

4.3.8 Faktor Tusukan, Ci ................................................................................................... 33

4.3.9 Faktor Komponen Struktur Berulang, Cr................................................................... 34

4.3.10 Faktor Stabilitas Kolom, CP .................................................................................... 34


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4.3.11 Faktor Kekakuan Tekuk, CT................................................................................... 34


4.3.13 Perlakuan Pengawetan dengan Vakum Tekan ................................ ....................... 34

4.3.14 Faktor Konversi Format, KF(hanya DFBK) ............................................................. 34

4.3.15 Faktor Ketahanan, (hanya DFBK) ....................................................................... 35

4.3.16 Faktor Efek Waktu, (hanya DFBK) ...................................................................... 35

4.4 Tinjauan Desain Khusus ............................. ............................... ................................. 35

4.4.1 Stabilitas Komponen Struktur Lentur ..................... ......................................... .......... 35

4.4.2 Rangka Batang Kayu ............................... ............................... ................................. 35

4.4.3 Takikan ..................................................................................................................... 36

5 Kayu Glulam Struktural ............................. ......................................... ............................ 38

5.1 Umum ......................................................................................................................... 38

5.1.1 Lingkup .................................................................................................................... 38

5.1.2 Definisi ..................................................................................................................... 38

5.1.3 Dimensi Standar .......... ......................................... ......................................... .......... 38

5.1.4 Kondisi Layan ................... ......................................... ......................................... ..... 38

5.2 Nilai Desain Acuan .......... ......................................... ......................................... .......... 39

5.2.1 Nilai Desain Acuan .............................. ......................................... ............................ 39

5.2.2 Orientasi Komponen Struktur ................................ ......................................... .......... 42

5.2.3 Susunan Lapisan Seimbang dan Tidak Seimbang ......................................... .......... 42

5.2.4 Lentur, Fbx+, Fbx

-, Fby ................................................................................................. 42

5.2.5 Tekan Tegak Lurus Serat, Fcx, Fcy ......................................................................... 425.2.6 Geser Sejajar Serat, Fvx, Fvy ..................................................................................... 43

5.2.7 Modulus Elastisitas, Ex, Ex min, Ey, Ey min.................................................................... 43

5.2.8 Tarik Radial, Frt ........................................................................................................ 43

5.2.9 Tekan Radial, Frc ...................................................................................................... 43

5.2.10 Jenis dan Kelas Kayu lainnya................. ......................................... ....................... 44

5.3 Nilai Desain Acuan Terkoreksi .................... ............................... ................................. 44

5.3.1 Umum ...................................................................................................................... 44

5.3.2 Faktor Durasi Beban, CD(hanya untuk DTI) ............................................................. 44


5.3.4 Faktor Temperatur, Ct ............................................................................................. 45


5.3.6 Faktor Volume, Cv .................................................................................................... 45

5.3.7 Faktor penggunaan rebah, Cfu .................................................................................. 46

5.3.8 Faktor Kelengkungan, Cc ......................................................................................... 46


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5.3.9 Faktor Interaksi Tegangan, CI .................................................................................. 46

5.3.10 Faktor Reduksi Geser, Cvr...................................................................................... 47

5.3.11 Faktor Stabilitas Kolom, Cp..................................................................................... 47

5.3.12 Faktor Bidang Tumpu, Cb ....................................................................................... 47

5.3.13 Pengawetan Dengan Tekanan .......... ......................................... ............................ 47

5.3.14 Faktor Konversi Format , KF(hanya untuk DFBK) .................................................. 47

5.3.15 Faktor Ketahanan, (hanya untuk DFBK) .............................................................. 47

5.3.16 Faktor Efek Waktu, , (hanya untuk DFBK) ............................................................ 48

5.4 Tinjauan Desain Khusus ............................. ............................... ................................. 48

5.4.2 Komponen Struktur Lentur Lengkung Tirus-Ganda ..................... ............................ 48

5.4.3 Stabilitas Lateral untuk Pelengkung Tudor .............................. ................................. 50

5.4.4 Komponen Struktur Lentur Lurus Tirus............................................. ........................ 50

5.4.5 Takikan .................................................................................................................... 52

6 Tiang dan Pancang Kayu Bundar ............................... ......................................... .......... 53

6.1 Umum ......................................................................................................................... 53

6.1.1 Lingkup .................................................................................................................... 53

6.1.2 Spesifikasi ................................................................................................................ 53

6.1.3 Ukuran standar .......................................................................................................... 53

6.1.4 Perawatan dengan Pengawetan ................................................................................ 53


6.2.1 Nilai Desain Acuan .............................. ......................................... ............................ 53

6.2.2 Kelas Mutu atau Jenis kayu lainnya ...................... ......................................... .......... 546.3 Nilai Desain Acuan Terkoreksi .................... ............................... ................................. 54

6.3.1 Umum ...................................................................................................................... 54

6.3.2 Faktor Durasi Beban, CD (hanya DTI) ...................................................................... 54



6.3.5 Faktor Kondisi Perlakuan Cct .................................................................................... 55


6.3.7 Faktor Ukuran, CF .................................................................................................... 55

6.3.8 Faktor Stabilitas Kolom, Cp....................................................................................... 56

6.3.9 Faktor Penampang Kritis, Ccs ................................................................................... 56


6.3.11 Faktor Berbagi Beban ( Faktor Kelompok Pancang), Cls........................................ 56

6.3.12 Faktor Konversi Format, Kf, (hanya DFBK)............................................................. 56

6.3.13 Faktor Ketahanan, (hanya DFBK) ....................................................................... 57


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6.3.14 Faktor Efek Waktu, (hanya DFBK)...................................................................... 57

7 I-JoistKayu Prapabrikasi ............................................................................................... 58

7.1 Umum ......................................................................................................................... 58

7.1.1 Ruang Lingkup ................................ ...................... ......................................... .......... 58

7.1.2 Definisi ..................................................................................................................... 58

7.1.3 Identifikasi ................................................................................................................ 58

7.1.4 Kondisi Layan ................... ......................................... ......................................... ..... 58


7.3 Nilai Desain Acuan Terkoreksi .................... ............................... ................................. 58

7.3.1 Umum ...................................................................................................................... 58

7.3.2 Faktor Durasi Beban, CD (hanya DTI) ...................................................................... 58




7.3.6 Faktor komponen struktur berulang, Cr.................................................................... 59

7.3.7 Perlakuan pengawetan dengan vakum tekan ............................... ............................ 60


7.3.9 Faktor Ketahanan, (hanya DFBK) ......................................................................... 60

7.3.10 Faktor Efek waktu, (hanya untuk DFBK).............................................................. 60

7.4 Ketentuan Desain Khusus ...................... ......................................... ............................ 60

7.4.1 Tumpu...................................................................................................................... 60

7.4.2 Aplikasi Beban ................................ ...................... ......................................... .......... 607.4.3 Lubang pada Badan .......... ......................................... ......................................... ..... 60

7.4.4 Takikan .................................................................................................................... 61

7.4.5 Defleksi .................................................................................................................... 61

7.4.6 Transfer Beban Vertikal ...................... ......................................... ............................ 61

7.4.7 Geser ....................................................................................................................... 61

8 Kayu Komposit Struktural ............................... ............................... ................................. 62

8.1 Umum ......................................................................................................................... 62

8.1.1 Ruang Lingkup ................................ ...................... ......................................... .......... 62

8.1.2 Definisi ..................................................................................................................... 62

8.1.3 Identifikasi ................................................................................................................ 62

8.1.4 Kondisi Layan ................... ......................................... ......................................... ..... 62


8.3 Koreksi dari Nilai Desain Acuan ............................... ......................................... .......... 62

8.3.1 Umum ...................................................................................................................... 62


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8.3.4 Faktor Temperatur, Ct ............................................................................................. 63


8.3.6 Volume Factor, Cv .................................................................................................... 64

8.3.7 Faktor Komponen Struktur Berulang, Cr................................................................... 64

8.3.8 Faktor Stabilitas Kolom, Cp....................................................................................... 64

8.3.9 Faktor Luas Tumpu, Cb ............................................................................................ 64

8.3.10 Perlakuan Pengawetan Dengan Vakum Tekan ..................... ................................. 64

8.3.11 Faktor Konversi Format (hanya DFBK) .................... ......................................... ..... 64

8.3.12 Faktor Ketahanan, (hanya DFBK) ...................................................................... 64

8.3.13 Faktor Efek waktu, (hanya DFBK) ........................................................................ 64

8.4 Pertimbangan Desain Khusus ........... ................................................... ....................... 65

9 Panel Kayu Struktural ............................... ......................................... ............................ 66

9.1 Umum ......................................................................................................................... 66

9.1.1 Lingkup .................................................................................................................... 66

9.1.2 Identifikasi ................................................................................................................ 66

9.1.3 Definisi ..................................................................................................................... 66

9.1.4 Kondisi Layan ............................................................................................................ 66

9.2 Nilai Desain Acuan ........... ......................................... ......................................... .......... 66

9.2.1 Kekakuan dan Kekuatan Panel .................................................................................. 66

9.2.2 Properti Kekuatan dan Elastis ............................... ......................................... .......... 679.2.3 Desain Ketebalan ................................ ......................................... ............................ 67

9.2.4 Properti Desain Penampang .................... ............................... ................................. 67

9.3 Koreksi pada Nilai Desain Acuan ........... ......................................... ............................ 67

9.3.1 Umum ........................................................................................................................ 67


9.3.3 Faktor Layan Basah, CMdan Faktor Temperatur, Ct................................................ 67

9.3.4 Faktor Ukuran Panel, CS .......................................................................................... 68


9.3.6 Faktor Ketahanan, (hanya DFBK) ......................................................................... 68

9.3.7 Faktor Efek waktu, (hanya DFBK) ......................................................................... 68

9.4 Tinjauan Desain ................... ......................................... ......................................... ..... 69

9.4.1 Lentur Rebah ........................................................................................................... 69

9.4.2 Tarik pada Bidang Panel ..................... ......................................... ............................ 69

9.4.3 Tekan pada Bidang Panel ................... ......................................... ............................ 69


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9.4.4 Geser Planar (Gelinding)..................... ......................................... ............................ 69

9.4.5 Geser pada sisi tebal ............................... ............................... ................................. 69

9.4.6 Tumpu...................................................................................................................... 69

10 Sambungan Mekanik .............................. ......................................... ............................ 70

10.1 Umum ....................................................................................................................... 70

10.1.1 Lingkup .................................................................................................................. 70

10.1.2 Tegangan pada komponen sambungan ................... ......................................... ..... 70

10.1.3 Sambungan eksentris ......................................... ......................................... .......... 70

10.1.4 Sambungan dengan pengencang campuran .............................. ............................ 70

10.1.5 Pembuatan Sambungan.................... ......................................... ............................ 70

10.2 Nilai Desain Acuan ............................... ......................................... ............................ 71

10.2.1 Sambungan Pengencang Tunggal ...................... ......................................... .......... 71

10.2.2 Sambungan Pengencang Banyak ............................................................................ 71

10.2.3 Desain bagian metal .............................. ............................... ................................. 71

10.2.4 Desain bagian beton atau pasangan bata ........... ......................................... .......... 72

10.3 Koreksi pada Nilai Desain Acuan ................................ ......................................... ..... 72

10.3.1 Keberlakuan Faktor Koreksi ................................ ......................................... .......... 72

10.3.2 Faktor Durasi Beban, CD(hanya untuk DTI) ........................................................... 73

10.3.3 Faktor Layan Basah, CM ......................................................................................... 73

10.3.4 Faktor Temperatur, Ct ............................................................................................ 74

10.3.5 Perlakuan Tahan Api .............................. ............................... ................................. 74

10.3.6 Faktor Aksi Kelompok, Cg....................................................................................... 7410.3.7 Faktor Konversi Format, KF(hanya untuk DFBK) ................................................... 76

10.3.8 Faktor Ketahanan,(hanya DFBK)........................................................................ 76

10.3.9 Faktor Efek waktu, (hanya DFBK) ....................................................................... 76

11 Pengencang Tipe-Pasak (Baut, Sekrup kunci, Sekrup kayu, Paku/Pantek, Baut dorong,dan Pin dorong) .................................................................................................................. 80

11.1 Umum ....................................................................................................................... 80

11.1.1 Lingkup .................................................................................................................. 80

11.1.2 Istilah ..................................................................................................................... 80

11.1.3 Baut ....................................................................................................................... 8011.1.4 Sekrup Kunci.......................................................................................................... 81

11.1.5 Sekrup kayu ........................................................................................................... 81

11.1.6 Paku dan Pantek ...................................................................................................... 82

11.1.7 Baut Dorong dan Pin Dorong .............................. ......................................... .......... 83

11.1.8 Pengencang tipe-pasak lainnya ............................... ......................................... ..... 83


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11.2 Nilai Desain Cabut Acuan .................... ......................................... ............................ 84

11.2.1 Sekrup Kunci.......................................................................................................... 84

11.2.2 Sekrup Kayu .......................................................................................................... 85

11.2.3 Paku dan Pantek ............................... ......................................... ............................ 85

11.2.4 Baut Dorong dan Pin Dorong ................................................................................... 86

11.3 Nilai desain lateral acuan ..................... ......................................... ............................ 89

11.3.1 Persamaan Batas Leleh .................... ......................................... ............................ 89

11.3.2 Kondisi Umum Sambungan .................... ............................... ................................. 89

11.3.3 Kuat tumpu pasak ............................. ......................................... ............................ 92

11.3.4 Kuat tumpu pasak dengan sudut pada serat .............................. ............................ 95

11.3.5 Panjang tumpu pasak ......................................... ......................................... .......... 95

11.3.6 Kuat lentur leleh pasak ...................... ......................................... ............................ 95

11.3.7 Diameter Pasak ....................................................................................................... 96

11.3.8 Sambungan tiga komponen struktur tidak simetrik, geser ganda ............................ 96

11.3.9 Sambungan bidang geser banyak .......... ............................... ................................. 96

11.3.10 Beban dengan sudut pada sumbu pengencang ......................................... .......... 96

11.3.11 Baut dorong dan Pin dorong................. ......................................... ....................... 97

11.4 Kombinasi beban lateral dan cabut ............................. ......................................... ..... 97

11.4.1 Sekrup kunci dan sekrup kayu .......... ......................................... ............................ 97

11.4.2 Paku dan pantek ............................... ......................................... ............................ 97

11.5 Koreksi terhadap nilai desain acuan .......... ............................... ................................. 98

11.5.1 Faktor geometrik, C .............................................................................................. 9811.5.2 Faktor serat ujung, Ceg ......................................................................................... 101

11.5.3 Faktor diafragma, Cdi ............................................................................................ 101

11.5.4 Faktor paku-miring, Ctn ......................................................................................... 101

11.6 Pengencang Majemuk .............................. ............................... ............................... 102

11.6.1 Pengencang zig-zagsimetrik ............................................................................... 102

11.6.2 Alat pengencang yang dibebani dengan sudut terhadap arah serat ..................... 102

11.6.3 Tegangan lokal pada sambungan .......... ............................... ............................... 102

12 Konektor Cincin Belah Dan Pelat Geser...................................... ............................... 103

12.1 Umum ..................................................................................................................... 103

12.1.1 Ruang lingkup .............................. ......................................... ............................... 103

12.1.2 Istilah ................................................................................................................... 103

12.1.3 Kualitas Konektor Cincin Belah dan Pelat Geser ................... ............................... 103

12.1.4 Pabrikasi dan Perakitan .................... ......................................... .......................... 104

12.2 Nilai Desain Acuan ............................... ......................................... .......................... 105


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12.2.1 Nilai Desain Acuan .......... ......................................... ......................................... ... 105

12.2.2 Ketebalan dari Komponen Struktur Kayu .............................. ............................... 108

12.2.3 Faktor Kedalaman Penetrasi, Cd .......................................................................... 108

12.2.4 Faktor Pelat Sisi Metal, Cst ................................................................................... 108

12.2.5 Beban Bersudut terhadap Serat ............................... ......................................... ... 109

12.2.6 Konektor Cincin Belah dan Pelat Geser pada Ujung Serat ................................ ... 109

12.3 Penempatan Konektor Cincin Belah dan Pelat Geser ................... .......................... 112

12.3.1 Istilah ................................................................................................................... 112

12.3.2 Faktor Geometri, Cuntuk Konektor Cincin Belah dan Pelat Geser pada Serat Sisi114

12.3.3 Faktor Geometri, C, untuk Konektor Cincin Belah dan Pelat Geser pada SeratUjung ............................................................................................................................... 115

12.3.4 Konektor Majemuk Cincin Belah dan Pelat Geser ...................... .......................... 118

13 Paku Keling Kayu ................................ ...................... ......................................... ........ 120

13.1 Umum ..................................................................................................................... 120

13.1.1 Ruang lingkup .............................. ......................................... ............................... 120

13.1.2 Kualitas Paku Keling dan Pelat Sisi Baja ............................... ............................... 120

13.1.3 Pabrikasi dan Perakitan .................... ......................................... .......................... 120

13.2 Nilai Desain Acuan ............................... ......................................... .......................... 121

13.2.1 Pembebanan Sejajar Serat .................... ............................... ............................... 121

13.2.2 Pembebanan Tegak lurus Serat ............................... ......................................... ... 121

13.2.3 Faktor Pelat Sisi Logam, Cst ................................................................................. 122

13.2.4 Beban Bersudut Terhadap Serat .............................. ......................................... ... 122

13.2.5 Paku Keling Kayu pada Serat Ujung ................... ......................................... ........ 122

13.2.6 Desain Bagian Logam ......................................... ......................................... ........ 122

13.3 Penempatan Paku Keling kayu .............................. ......................................... ........ 122

13.3.1 Spasi Antar Paku Keling............... .................................................. ...................... 122

13.3.2 Jarak Ujung dan Tepi ............................. ............................... ............................... 122

14 Dinding Geser dan Diafragma ........................................ ......................................... ... 132

14.1 Umum ..................................................................................................................... 132

14.1.1 Penggunaan.................... ......................................... ......................................... ... 132

14.1.2 Definisi .......... ............................... ................................................... ..................... 132

14.1.3 Komponen struktur rangka ........... ................................................... ..................... 132

14.1.4 Pengencang .................... ......................................... ......................................... ... 132

14.1.5 Penutup ..................... ......................................... ......................................... ........ 132

14.2 Prinsip Desain .................... ......................................... ......................................... ... 132

14.3 Dinding Geser .................... ......................................... ......................................... ... 132


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14.3.1 Definisi .......... ............................... ................................................... ..................... 132

14.3.2 Pengangkuran Dinding Geser ........... ......................................... .......................... 133

14.3.3 Gaya geser ..................... ......................................... ......................................... ... 133

14.3.4 Ketahanan Geser .............................. ......................................... .......................... 133

14.3.5 Defleksi Dinding Geser................. ......................................... ............................... 133

14.4 Diafragma ..................... ......................................... ......................................... ........ 133

14.4.1 Definisi .......... ............................... ................................................... ..................... 133

14.4.2 Gaya Geser................ ......................................... ................................................. 134

14.4.3 Ketahanan Geser .............................. ......................................... .......................... 134

14.4.4 Defleksi Diafragma .......... ......................................... ......................................... ... 134

15 Kondisi Pembebanan Khusus ........................................ ......................................... ... 135

15.1 Distribusi Lateral Akibat Beban Terpusat ................... ......................................... ... 135

15.1.1 Distribusi Lateral Beban Terpusat untuk Momen ................... ............................... 135

15.1.2 Distribusi Lateral Beban Terpusat untuk Geser ..................... ............................... 135

15.2 Kolom Berspasi ................................ ...................... ......................................... ........ 135

15.2.1 Umum .................................................................................................................. 135

15.2.2 Ketentuan kelos dan kelos ujung .............................. ......................................... ... 136

15.2.3 Faktor Stabilitas Kolom, Cp................................................................................... 137

15.3 Kolom Tersusun .............................. ......................................... ............................... 138

15.3.1 Umum .................................................................................................................. 138

15.3.2 Faktor Stabilitas Kolom, Cp................................................................................... 139

15.3.3 Kolom Tersusun Berpaku ......................................... ......................................... ... 14015.3.4 Kolom Tersusun Berbaut ................... ......................................... .......................... 141

15.4 Kolom Kayu dengan Beban Samping dan Eksentrisitas ........... ............................... 142

15.4.1 Persamaan Umum .......... ......................................... ......................................... ... 142

15.4.2 Kolom dengan Braket Sisi ........................................ ......................................... ... 144

16 Desain Ketahanan Api Komponen Struktur Kayu ........... ......................................... ... 145

16.1 Umum ..................................................................................................................... 145

16.2 Prosedur Desain untuk Komponen Struktur Kayu yang Diekspose ...................... ... 145

16.2.1 Laju Pembentukan Arang ......................................... ......................................... ... 145

16.2.2 Kekuatan Komponen Struktur ........... ......................................... .......................... 146

16.2.3 Desain Komponen Struktur .................... ............................... ............................... 146

16.2.4 Ketentuan Khusus untuk Balok Kayu Glulam Struktural ............................... ........ 146

16.2.5 Ketentuan Untuk Dek kayu ........... ................................................... ..................... 146

16.3 Sambungan Kayu ................................ ......................................... .......................... 146

Lampiran APraktik Desain dan Pelaksanaan ................................................................... 148


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A.1 Penanganan Material.......................... ................................................... ..................... 148

A.2 Pondasi .......... ......................................... ......................................... .......................... 148

A.3 Desain Struktural ................... ......................................... ......................................... ... 148

A.4 Drainase ................................ ......................................... ......................................... ... 148

A.5 Lawan Lendut ................... ......................................... ......................................... ........ 148

A.6 Ereksi ............................... ......................................... ......................................... ........ 149

A.7 Inspeksi .......... ......................................... ......................................... .......................... 149

A.8 Perawatan ............................. ......................................... ......................................... ... 149

A.9 Breising Kolom Kayu ................. ................................ ......................................... ........ 149

A.10 Breising Rangka Batang ............................. ............................... ............................... 149

A.11 Tumpuan Lateral pada Pelengkung, Batang Tekan pada Rangka Batang, dan Stud150

Lampiran B (Informatif)Durasi Beban (Hanya DTI) ........................................................... 151

B.1 Koreksi Pada Nilai Desain Acuan Untuk Durasi Beban ..................... .......................... 151

B.2 Kombinasi Beban-beban dengan Durasi Berbeda ..................... ............................... 151

B.3 Sambungan Mekanis ............................. ......................................... .......................... 153

B.4 Faktor Reduksi Kombinasi Beban .......... ......................................... .......................... 153

Lampiran C (Informatif)Efek Temperatur .......................................................................... 154

C.1 ............................................................................................................................... 154

C.2 ............................................................................................................................... 154

Lampiran D (Informatif)Stabilitas Lateral Balok ................................................................ 155

D.1 ............................................................................................................................... 155

D.2 ............................................................................................................................... 155D.3 ............................................................................................................................... 155

D.4 ............................................................................................................................... 155

D.5 ............................................................................................................................... 156

Lampiran E (Informatif) Tegangan Lokal pada Kelompok Pengencang ..................... ........ 157

E.1 Umum ....................................................................................................................... 157

E.2 Kapasitas Tarik Penampang Neto ................................ ......................................... ... 157

E.3 Kapasitas Sobek Baris ................................ ............................... ............................... 157

E.4 Kapasitas Sobek Kelompok ................... ......................................... .......................... 158

E.5 Efek Penempatan Pengencang ............................... ......................................... ........ 159

E.6 Solusi Contoh Baut Berseling ........... ................................................... ..................... 159

E.7 Solusi Contoh Baris Baut ......................................... ......................................... ........ 160

Lampiran F Desain terhadap Aplikasi Defleksi Kritis dan Rangkak ................................... 164

F.1 Rangkak ..................................................................................................................... 164

Lampiran G (informatif) Panjang Kolom Efektif ................................................................. 166


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G.1 ............................................................................................................................... 166

G.2 ............................................................................................................................... 166

G.3 ............................................................................................................................... 166

G.4 ............................................................................................................................... 166

Lampiran H (Informatif) Stabilitas Lateral Kolom ............................................................... 168

H.1 ............................................................................................................................... 168

H-2 ............................................................................................................................... 168

H-3 ............................................................................................................................... 168

H-4 ............................................................................................................................... 168

H.5 ............................................................................................................................... 169

H.6 ............................................................................................................................... 169

Lampiran I (Informatif) Persamaan-persamaan Batas Leleh untuk Sambungan ................ 170

I.1 Ragam-ragam Leleh ............................... ......................................... .......................... 170

I.2 Kekuatan Tumpu Pasak untuk Komponen struktur Baja ......................................... ... 170

I.3 Kekuatan Tumpu Pasak untuk Komponen Struktur Kayu ...................... ..................... 170

I.4 Kekuatan Leleh Lentur Pengencang, Fyb .................................................................... 170

I.5 Pengencang Berulir ................................ ......................................... .......................... 172

Lampiran J (Informatif) Solusi Rumus Hankinson ............................................................. 174

J.1 ............................................................................................................................... 174

J.2 ............................................................................................................................... 174

J.3 ............................................................................................................................... 174

J.4 ............................................................................................................................... 174J.5 ............................................................................................................................... 174

Lampiran L (Informatif) Dimensi tipikal untuk Pengencang Tipe Pasak1............................ 178

Lampiran M (Informatif) Toleransi pembuatan untuk Paku Keling dan Pelat Samping Bajauntuk Sambungan Paku Keling Kayu ................................................................................ 184

Lampiran N (Wajib) Desain Faktor Beban dan Ketahanan (DFBK) ................................... 185

N.1 Umum ........................................................................................................................ 185

N.1.1 Aplikasi .................................................................................................................... 185

N.1.2 Beban dan Kombinasi Beban .................................................................................. 185

N.2 Nilai Desain ................................................................................................................ 185

N.2.1 Nilai Desain ............................................................................................................. 185

N.2.2 Nilai Desain Komponen struktur .............................................................................. 185

N.2.3 Nilai Desain Sambungan ......................................................................................... 185

N.3 Koreksi Terhadap Nilai Desain Acuan ........................................................................ 186

N.3.1 Faktor Konversi Format, Kr(Hanya DFBK) .............................................................. 186


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N.3.2 Faktor Ketahanan, (Hanya DFBK) ........................................................................ 186

Referensi .......................................................................................................................... 188

C1 Persyaratan Umum untuk Desain Struktural ............................... ............................... 192

C1.1 Lingkup..................................................................................................................... 192

C1.1.1 Praktik yang Didefinisikan ................... ......................................... .......................... 192

C1.1.2 Supervisi Kompeten .............................. ............................... ............................... 192

C1.2 Persyaratan Umum................................... ........................................ ...................... 192

C1.2.1 Kesesuaian dengan Standar .............................. ......................................... ........ 192

C1.2.2 Perangkaian dan Penopangan ................................ ......................................... ... 192

C.1.3 Standar Sebagai Satu Kesatuan.............. ............................... ............................... 193

C.1.4 Prosedur Desain .......... ......................................... ......................................... ........ 193

C1.4.1 Asumsi Pembebanan ......................................... ......................................... ........ 193

C1.4.2 Ditentukan oleh Peraturan ........... ................................................... ..................... 193

C1.4.3 Beban-beban Yang Dimasukkan ............................. ......................................... ... 193

C1.5 Spesifikasi dan Gambar................... ...................... ......................................... ........ 193

C1.6 Notasi ..................................................................................................................... 194

C2 Nilai Desain untuk Komponen Struktur ..................... ......................................... ........ 195

C2.1 Umum....................................................................................................................... 195

C2.1.2 Tanggung Jawab Desainer untuk Mengoreksi sesuai Kondisi Penggunaan .......... 195

C2.2 Nilai Desain Acuan ................................................................................................. 195

C2.3 Koreksi pada Nilai Desain Acuan ............................................................................ 195

C2.3.1 Keberlakuan Faktor Koreksi .................................................................................. 195C2.3.2 Faktor Durasi Beban, CD(DTI saja) ....................................................................... 195

C2.3.3 Faktor Temperatur, Ct .......................................................................................... 197

C2.3.4 Perlakuan Tahan Api ............................. ............................... ............................... 198

C2.3.5 Faktor Konversi Format, KF(hanya DFBK) .......................................................... 198

C2.3.6 Faktor ketahanan, (hanya DFBK) ...................... ......................................... ........ 199

C2.3.7 Faktor Efek Waktu, (hanya DFBK) ...................................................................... 199

C3 Persamaan dan Ketentuan Desain ................................ ......................................... ... 200

C3.1 Umum ..................................................................................................................... 200

C3.1.1 Lingkup .................................................................................................................. 200

C3.1.2 Luas Penampang Neto .......................................................................................... 200

C3.1.3 Sambungan .................... ......................................... ......................................... ... 200

C3.1.4 Deformasi yang Bergantung pada Waktu ........... ......................................... ........ 200

C3.1.5 Struktur Komposit ............................. ......................................... .......................... 201

C3.2 Komponen Struktur Lentur Umum ...................... ......................................... ........ 201


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C3.2.1 Bentang Komponen Struktur Lentur...................................... ............................... 201

C3.2.2 Distribusi Lateral Beban Terpusat .............................. ......................................... ... 201

C3.3 Komponen Struktur Lentur Lentur ........................................................................ 201

C3.3.3 Faktor Stabilitas Balok, CL ..................................................................................... 201

C3.4 Komponen Struktur Lentur Geser .......... ............................... ............................... 203

C3.4.1 Kekuatan Sejajar Serat (Geser Horizontal) ................................ .......................... 203

C3.4.2 Persamaan Desain Geser ........... ................................................... ..................... 203

C3.4.3 Desain Geser .............................. ......................................... ............................... 204

C3.5 Komponen Struktur Lentur Defleksi .................... ......................................... ........ 205

C3.5.1 Perhitungan Defleksi .............................. ............................... ............................... 205

C3.5.2 Pembebanan Jangka Panjang .......... ......................................... .......................... 205

C3.6 Komponen struktur Tekan Umum .......................................................................... 206

C3.6.2 Klasifikasi Kolom .............................. ......................................... .......................... 206

C3.6.3 Kekuatan Tekan Sejajar Serat .......... ......................................... .......................... 206

C3.6.4 Tumpu Komponen struktur Tekan Ujung ke Ujung .................... .......................... 206

C3.6.5 Pembebanan Eksentrisitas atau Tegangan Gabungan ................................ ........ 206

C3.6.6 Pengaku Kolom ..................................................................................................... 206

C3.6.7 Tumpuan Lateral Pelengkung, Penopang, dan Batang Tekan di Rangka Batang .. 206

C3.7 Kolom Masif ............................................................................................................. 207

C3.7.1 Faktor Stabilitas Kolom, CP .................................................................................... 207

C3.7.2 Kolom Tirus .................... ......................................... ......................................... ... 208

C3.7.3 Kolom Bundar........................................................................................................ 209C3.8 Komponen struktur Tarik .......................................................................................... 209

C3.8.2 Tarik Tegak Lurus Serat ........................................................................................ 209

C3.9 Gabungan Pembebanan Aksial dan Lentur .............................. ............................... 210

C3.9.1 Lentur dan Tarik Aksial .......................................................................................... 210

C3.9.2 Lentur dan Tekan Aksial ........................................................................................ 210

C3.10 Desain untuk Tumpu .............................................................................................. 210

C3.10.1 Tumpu Sejajar Serat .............................. ............................... ............................... 210

C3.10.2 Tumpu Tegak lurus serat ..................................................................................... 211

C3.10.3 Tumpu Bersudut Terhadap Serat ........................................................................ 211

C3.10.4 Faktor Luas Tumpu, Cb ........................................................................................ 211

C4 Kayu Gergajian..................... ......................................... ......................................... ... 212

C4.1 Umum....................................................................................................................... 212

C4.1.1 Penggunaan .......................................................................................................... 212

C4.1.2 Identifikasi Kayu .................................................................................................... 212


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C4.1.3 Definisi .................................................................................................................. 212

C4.1.4 Kondisi Layan Basah Kayu .................... ............................... ............................... 213

C4.1.5 Ukuran Kayu........................................................................................................ 213

C4.1.6 Kayu yang Disambung di Ujung atau Dilem di Tepi ............................................... 214

C4.1.7 Kayu yang Digergaji Ulang dan Dimanufaktor Ulang ............................................. 214

C4.2 Nilai Desain Acuan ................................................................................................... 214

C4.2.1 Nilai Desain Acuan ................................................................................................ 214

C4.2.2 Mutu dan Spesies Lain .......................................................................................... 214

C4.2.3 Basis untuk Nilai Desain Acuan ............................................................................. 215

C4.2.3.2 Kayu yang Dipilah Secara Visual ........................................................................ 215

C4.2.3.3 Kayu yang Dinilai Tegangan dengan Mesin (DTM) dan Kayu yang Dievaluasidengan Mesin (KDM) ........................................................................................................ 215

C4.2.4 Modulus elastisitas, E ............................................................................................ 216

C4.2.5 Lentur, Fb ............................................................................................................... 216

C4.2.6 Tekan Tegak Lurus Serat, Fc............................................................................... 217

C4.3 Koreksi Nilai Desain Acuan ...................................................................................... 218

C4.3.1 Umum.................................................................................................................... 218

C4.3.2 Faktor Durasi Beban, CD(hanya DTI) .................................................................... 218

C4.3.3 Faktor Layan Basah, CM ........................................................................................ 218

C4.3.4 Faktor Temperatur, Ct ............................................................................................ 218


C4.3.6 Faktor Ukuran, CF .................................................................................................. 218

C4.3.7 Faktor Penggunaan Rebah, Cfu ............................................................................. 219

C4.3.8 Faktor Tusukan, Ci ................................................................................................ 219

C4.3.9 Faktor Komponen Struktur Berulang, Cr................................................................ 220

C4.3.10 Faktor Stabilitas Kolom, CP .................................................................................. 220

C4.3.11 Faktor Kekakuan Tekuk, CT ................................................................................. 220

C4.3.12 Faktor Luas Tumpu, Cb ........................................................................................ 220

C4.3.13 Perlakuan Pengawetan Bertekanan..................................................................... 221


C4.3.15 Faktor ketahanan, (hanya DFBK) .................... ......................................... ........ 221C4.4 Tinjauan Desain Khusus ........................................................................................... 221

C4.4.2 Rangka Batang Kayu ............................. ............................... ............................... 222

C4.4.3 Takikan ................................................................................................................ 222

C5 Kayu Glulam Struktural ................................ ............................... ............................... 224

C5.1 Umum....................................................................................................................... 224


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C5.1.1 Ruang Lingkup ...................................................................................................... 225

C5.1.2 Definisi .................................................................................................................. 226

C5.1.3 Ukuran Standar ..................................................................................................... 226

C5.1.4 Spesifikasi ............................................................................................................. 226

C5.1.5 Kondisi Layan .............................. ......................................... ............................... 227

C5.2. Nilai Desain Acuan .................................................................................................. 227


C5.2.2 Tarik Radial,Frt ....................................................................................................... 228

C5.2.3 Jenis Kayu dan Kelas Kuat Kayu lainnya............................................................... 228

C5.3 Koreksi dari Nilai Desain Acuan................................................................................ 228

C5.3.1 Umum.................................................................................................................... 228

C5.3.2 Faktor Durasi Beban, CD( hanya DTI ) .................................................................. 228

C5.3.3 Faktor Masa Layan Basah, CM.............................................................................. 228

C5.3.4 Faktor Suhu, Ct ...................................................................................................... 228


C5.3.6 Faktor Volume, Cv ................................................................................................. 228

C5.3.7 Faktor Penggunaan Rebah, Cfu ............................................................................. 229

C5.3.8 Faktor Kelengkungan, Cc ....................................................................................... 229

C5.3.9 Faktor Stabilitas Kolom, CP .................................................................................... 229

C5.3.10 Faktor Luas Tumpuan, Cb .................................................................................... 230

C5.3.11 Pengawetan Dengan Vakum Tekan .................................................................... 230

C5.3.12 Faktor Terkoreksi Format, KF(hanya DFBK) ....................................................... 230C5.3.13 Faktor Ketahanan, (hanya DFBK) ................... ......................................... ........ 230

C5.3.14 Faktor Pengaruh Waktu, (hanya DFBK) ............................................................ 230

C5.4 Pertimbangan Desain Khusus .................................................................................. 230

C5.4.1 Tegangan Radial ................................................................................................... 230

C5.4.2 Stabilitas Lateral untuk Kayu glulam Struktural ...................................................... 231

C5.4.3 Defleksi ................................................................................................................. 231

C5.4.4 Takikan .................................................................................................................. 231

C6 Tiang dan Pancang Kayu Bundar ........... ......................................... .......................... 232

C6.1 Umum....................................................................................................................... 232

C6.1.1 Lingkup .................................................................................................................. 233

C6.1.2 Spesifikasi ............................................................................................................. 233

C6.1.3 Ukuran Standar ................................ ......................................... .......................... 234

C6.1.4 Pengawetan .......................................................................................................... 234



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C6.2.2 Jenis Kayu dan Kelas Kuat Lainnya ...................................................................... 236


C6.3.1 Aplikasi Faktor koreksi ........................................................................................... 236


C6.3.4 Faktor Suhu, Ct ...................................................................................................... 236

C6.3.5 Faktor Tanpa Perlakuan, Cu.................................................................................. 236


C6.3.7 Faktor Ukuran , CF ................................................................................................. 237

C6.3.8 Faktor Stabilitas Kolom .......................................................................................... 237

C6.3.9 Faktor Penampang Kritis, Ccs................................................................................ 237

C6.3.10 Faktor Luas Tumpuan, Cb .................................................................................... 237

C6.3.11 Faktor Pancang Tunggal, Csp............................................................................... 237

C6.3.12 Faktor Konversi Format, Kf(hanya DFBK) ........................................................... 238

C6.3.13 Faktor Ketahanan , ( hanya DFBK) ...................... ......................................... ... 238

C6.3.14 Faktor Pengaruh Waktu , (hanya DFBK ) .......................................................... 238

C7 I-joistKayu Prapabrikasi ............................................................................................ 239

C7.1 Umum....................................................................................................................... 239

C7.1.1 Penggunaan .......................................................................................................... 239

C7.1.2 Definisi .................................................................................................................. 239

C7.1.3 Identifikasi ............................................................................................................. 239

C7.1.4 Kondisi Layan ........................................................................................................ 239C7.2 Nilai Desain Acuan ................................................................................................... 240

C7.3 Koreksi Nilai Desain Acuan ...................................................................................... 240

C7.3.1 Umum.................................................................................................................... 240




C7.3.5 Faktor stabilitas balok, CL ...................................................................................... 240

C7.3.6. Faktor komponen struktur berulang, Cr................................................................. 241

C7.3.7 Perlakuan pengawetan dengan vakum tekan ........................................................ 241

C7.3.8 Faktor Konversi Format, KF(hanya DFBK) ............................................................ 241

C7.3.9 Faktor Kekuatan, (hanya DFBK) .......... ............................... ............................... 241

C7.3.10 Faktor Efek waktu, (hanya untuk DFBK) ........................................................... 241

C7.4 Ketentuan Desain Khusus ........................................................................................ 241

C7.4.1 Tumpu ................................................................................................................... 241


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C7.4.2 Aplikasi Beban ....................................................................................................... 242

C7.4.3 Lubang pada Badan .............................................................................................. 242

C7.4.4 Takikan .................................................................................................................. 242

C7.4.5 defleksi .................................................................................................................. 242

C7.4.6 Transfer Beban Vertikal ......................................................................................... 242

C7.4.7 Geser .................................................................................................................... 242

C8 Kayu Komposit Struktural ......................................... ......................................... ........ 243

C8.1 Umum....................................................................................................................... 243

C8.1.1 Ruang Lingkup ...................................................................................................... 243

C8.1.2 Definisi .................................................................................................................. 243

C8.1.3 Identifikasi ............................................................................................................. 243

C8.1.4 Kondisi Layan ........................................................................................................ 243



C8.3.1 Umum.................................................................................................................... 244




C8.3.5 Stabilitas Balok, CL ................................................................................................ 244

C8.3.6 Faktor Volume, Cv ................................................................................................. 244

C8.3.7 Faktor Komponen Struktur Berulang, Cr................................................................ 244

C8.3.8 Faktor Stabilitas Kolom, CP .................................................................................... 244C8.3.9 Faktor Luas Tumpuan, Cb ...................................................................................... 244

C8.3.10 Pengawetan dengan Vakum Tekan ..................................................................... 244


C8.3.12 Faktor Ketahanan, (hanya DFBK) ................... ......................................... ........ 245

C8.3.13 Faktor Pengaruh waku, (hanya DFBK).............................................................. 245

C8.4 Pertimbangan Desain Khusus .................................................................................. 245

C8.4.1 Takikan .................................................................................................................. 245

C9 Panel Kayu Struktural ............................. ......................................... .......................... 246

C9.1 Umum....................................................................................................................... 246

C9.1.1 Aplikasi .................................................................................................................. 246

C9.1.2 Identifikasi ............................................................................................................. 246

C9.1.3 Definisi .................................................................................................................. 247

C9.1.4 Kondisi Layan ........................................................................................................ 248

C9.2 Nilai Desain Acuan ............................... ......................................... .......................... 248


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C9.2.1 Kekakuan dan Kekuatan Panel.............................................................................. 248

C9.2.2 Sifat Kekuatan dan Elastis ..................................................................................... 248

C9.2.3 Desain Ketebalan .................................................................................................. 249

C9.2

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