water design competiion sakshi jain suruchi shah delhi 1217852243819833 9

7/29/2019 Water Design Competiion Sakshi Jain Suruchi Shah Delhi 1217852243819833 9

1/24

WATER-

Water: The Drop of Life

DEFINITION OF THEPROJECT:WATER MANAGEMENT SYSTEM IN DELHI

BY THE AUGMENTATION OF GROUND WATER BY RAINHARVESTING UNIT.

-GIVING A NEW LIFE TO RIVER YAMUNA, THUS TO DELHI

safe, sustainable

and for all


2/24

CASE

TRADITIONAL WATER MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS

The traditional water harvesting strategies had

effected an integration of storm and floodwater

regulation, wastewater collection, drinking

water supply and micro-irrigation. These wereLocation specific,

Slope efficient,

Gravitation based,

Inexpensive and non extractive methods of

harvesting the extremely limited fresh water

supply, accessible to human use.

Indian communities had perfected management

of the natural watersheds of forests, hills and

dales, using knowledge of the hydrological

regimes and rhythms, water veins and aquifers,

slope and lie of land, history and movement of

rivers.

Pushkarni at Loni

Bhapkar

Kunda with a well, Roti

Aside from archaeological examples, water harvesting structures continue to be

maintained by endogenous communities all over the country. Groundwater continues

to be drawn from aquifers or palaeo channels in Rajasthan through bardi (shallow wells

in depressions), tankas, khadin and johad (underground storage pits), kunds (cisternsin catchments), beris (wells on river beds).

CONTINUING TRADITIONS AND TECHNOLOGIES:


3/24

CASE

View of udaigiri caves showing a

tank

WATER SYSTEMS AT UDAIGIRI:

Udayagiri consists of two hills joined together with a low ridge or a saddle. The hills are aligned

northeast-southwest, forming a crescent-shaped pocket in the west with ancient

The western end of the passage leads to a high embankment of a tank, two sides of which are

formed by two sides of the northern hill divided by a valley. There are three other tanks and two

major channels apart from minor drains forming four independent water systems at Udayagiri


4/24

CONTEMPORARY WATER MANAGEMENT

SYSTEMS

CASE

Urban centers in India are facing an ironical

situation today. On one hand there is the

acute water scarcity and on the other, the

streets are often flooded during the

monsoons.

* In areas where there is inadequate

groundwater supply or surface resourcesare either lacking or insufficient, rainwater

harvesting offers an ideal

solution .

* Helps in utilizing the primary source of

water and prevent the runoff from going

into sewer or storm drains, thereby

reducing the load on treatment plants.

Reduces urban flooding.

* Recharging water into the aquifers help

in improving the quality of existing

groundwater through dilution

This system is practiced on a large scale incities like Chennai, and Bangalore where

rainwater harvesting is a part of the state

policy. Elsewhere, countries like Germany,

Japan, United States, and Singapore are also

adopting rainwater harvesting.

Rain water harvesting system

advantages


5/24

The system consists of a

collection tank, slow sand filtration,

and a living systems

componentwhich uses aquatic

plants and fish to purify the water.

The rainwater collection basin is

located on the roof of the Farm

Centre and integrated with the

existing roof structure and

drainage systems.An example of a Rainwater Harvesting

System. This one isintegrated into the design of a home and yard

Portland

Parapet wall has been given

corrugated profile to facilitate more

quantity of rain flow to the gutter

CASE


6/24

SITE

DELHIINDIA

CRITERIA FOR CHOOSING

SITE:

Proximity to river

Better geology conditions

HATHI SHALA,

ADJACENT TO VIKAS

MARG, NEAR ITO,

DELHI

SITE DETAILS:LOCATION: Hathi Shala, adjacent to Vikas Marg,

near ITO, Delhi

AREA: 1.2 sq km

LANDUSE: Agricultural

TOWARDS ITO


7/24

22 Km STRETCH OF

YAMUNA ALONG

DELHI

THE RIVER


8/24

NAME OF STATE

TOTAL CATCHMENT

AREA IN YAMUNA (IN

SQ. KM .)

%AGE

CONTRIBUTION TO

THE SUPPLY

Delhi 1485 0.4

STATE SEGMENT CATERED BY YAMUNA AREA COVERED

Delhi Wazirabad Barrage to

Okhla Barrage

(22 kms )

YAMUNA & DELHI-the relationship

The river bed area in Delhi is 97 sq km . The whole of it is

coarse sand up to a depth o f 40m . This feature is the key

to the r iverbed recharge capabi l i ty!!


9/24

Sources of Water in Delhi Delhi receives its water from 3 sources:

A. Surface Water: 86% of Delhi's total water supply comes from surface water, namelythe Yamuna River, which equals 4.6% of this resource through interstate agreements.

B. Sub-surface water: Rainey wells and tube wells. This source, which is met throughrainfall (approx. 611.8 mm in 27 rainy days), and unutilized rainwater runoff, is 193MCM (million cubic meters).

C. Graduated Resources: It is estimated at 292 MCM, however current withdrawalequals 312 MCM. Salinity and over exploitation has contributed to depletion anddrastically effected the availability of water in different parts of the city. However,

according to a report released by the Central Ground Water Board (GCWB), Delhi'sground-water level has gone down by about eight meters in the last 20 years at the rate ofabout a foot a year.

PRESET SITUATIONSource: Delhi Jal Board SITE


10/24

WATER REQUIREMENT OF DELHI

Delhi is experiencing increasing pressure to meet demand for its water

resources.

Growing urbanization, improvements in living standards, explodingpopulation are just some of the contributing factors.

Average water consumption in Delhi is estimated at being 274 liters per

capita per day (lpcd), the highest in the country.

The large-scale extraction of groundwater is a result of this widening gap

between the demand (830 mgd) and supply (650mgd) of water.

And still worse, serious doubts are also being raised about both the quality

and quantity of groundwater.

The population of Delhi is expected to cross 220 lakhs by the end of2021.

SITE

The requirement of water

conservat ion


11/24

HYDRO-GEOLOGY OF DELHI

GEOLOGY OF

DELHI

BEDROCK LEVELS OF VARIOUS

PARTS OF DELHIGEOLOGY OF SITE:

ALLUVIALBED ROCK LEVEL OF SITE :

35m SITENOTE : INDICATES THE SITE

MONTHLY AVERAGES ACROSS


12/24

GROUNDWATER QUALITY OF

VARIOUS BLOCKS OF DELHI.

THE QUALITY IN THE AREA OF THE

SITE IS CONSIDERED ALL RIGHT. SITE

MONTHLY AVERAGES ACROSS

CHOSEN YEARS FOR

PRECIPITATION [PERIOD:FROM

2001 TO

2002],[UNITS:INTEGER,MM ]Month Average across years

Jan 12.4

Feb 11.95

Mar 2.85

Apr 13.8

May 30.7

Jun 60.35

Jul 75.05

Aug 176.5

Sep 93.5

Oct 1.95

Nov 0.0

Dec 4.85

AVERAGE ANNUAL RAINFALL

OF DELHI: 611mm

PRESENT RUNOFF OF

RAINFALL IN DELHI : 50%


13/24

WATER TABLE FLUCTUATION IN DELHI

As can be compared from the data given above, the water fluctuation

levels of Delhi is highly alarming. The situation is worsening due to exploitation of groundwater at a rate

higher than the rate of its replenishment.

Rain water harvesting is a boon for us in the given scenario.

Recharging of groundwater from rain water harvesting can meet more

than half of the citys supply demands. SITE


14/24

CATCH THE RAINWHERE IT FALLS

THE CONCEPT


15/24

Financial

Sustainability &

AccountabilityOperational

Efficiency

Improved Services

To the Poor

Customer

Orientation & HRDContinuous

Supply

Vision

Environmental

Sustainability

THE CONCEPT

, I I I

The atharvaveda invokes mother earth to yield the life giving water to those of pure conduct andright means , and to punish water polluters in these words:

An ideal solution to water problems in areas having inadequate water resources.The ground water level will rise.Mitigates the effects of drought & achieves drought proofing.Will reduces the runoff which chokes the storm water drains.Flooding of roads and low land areas will reduceQuality of water will improve.Soil erosion will be reduced.

WHY RAINWATER??

Using natural cleansersof water like fine sand,

microbiotic culture.

Usage of natural materials for rainwater

filter chamber therefore cost of materials

reduced

Increase in ground water level.

The level of river Yamuna increases.

The system is devised to work on a

pressure knob,.i.e. When the level of waterincreases the defined limit, the discharge of

water into river stops


16/24

THE CONCEPT

RAIN WATER FILTER

CHAMBER

CONCEPTUAL SKETCH OF THE PROPOSED

RAIN WATER PIPES

COLLECTING RAIN

WATER FROM

RESIDENTIAL AREA

RIVER

CLEAN WATER GETTING

DISCHARGED INTO THE

GROUND

MAIN RAIN WATER

PIPES

SETTLEMEN

T

PRESENT

SITUATION

SITUATION AFTER

IMPOSITION OF PLANT

WATER RISING

THROUGHCAPILLARY ACTION

After saturation

of ground

MAININLET

PRIMARY

INLET

GROUND LEVEL

RAIN WATER

COLLECTINGPIPE

The pressure knobs get activated

when the levels of water rises the

defined limit and closes the valves

of the rain water filter chamber for

further flow of water.

The water saturates

the soil and thus

recharges the river

by capillary action

PRESSURE

KNOB SYSTEM

River


17/24

THE CONCEPT

ANALYSING THE NUMBER OF CISTERNS

A suitable size of cistern was taken as 6 m diameter and 25 m depth.

The size is considered suitable keeping in mind the bedrock levels of the area,i.e., 50 m deep.

The number of cisterns has been calculated keeping the projected population in

2021 in mind.

Estimated population of Delhi in 2021 = 220 lakhs

Present per capita per day water demand= 274 lcpd

Total demand in 2021= 220,0,000 X 274= 6.02 X 109 litres.

Volume of 1 cistern= 2826 X 103 litres

Ideal no. of cisterns required = 6.02 X 109 / 2826 X 103 = 2130

No. of cisterns in our site= 97

GROUND LVL


18/24

RAIN WATER FILTER CISTERN

25m

Dia: 6m

MAIN

INLET

Dia : 1m WATER

GRAVEL

(5m thick

layer)

FINE SAND ( 8 m

thick layer)

WATER

PERCOLATIN

G

OUTLET

PORES

MATERIAL :

GI

THE DESIGN

MICROBIOTIC

CULTURE is

added to naturally

clean the water and

the tank , thereby

reducing the cost

of maintenance

GROUND LVL

5m


19/24

THE DESIGN

THE DESIGN

THE DESIGN HAS TRIED TO INCORPORATE BOTH THE PRINCIPLES OF

RAINWATER HARVESTING AND WASTE WATER MANAGEMENT.

THE CISTERNS ARE CONNECTED TO THE RAINWATER HARVESTING

UNITS OF THE BUILT UP AREAS IN VICINITY THROUGH A NETWORK OF

PIPES. THE WATER PERCOLATED BY THE CISTERN (EQUAL TO THE

VOLUME OF THE CISTERN) ADDS TO THE GROUNDWATER. TYHIS

SATURATES THE SOIL AND THUS RECHARGES THE RIVER THROUGH

UPWARD CAPILLARY ACTION.

THE PARKING AREA IS SLOPED TOWARD THE RIVER. TREES WITH

CRESCENT SHAPED LANDSCAPE HOLDING AREA.


20/24

A LANDSCAPED AREA HAS BEEN

DEVELOPED IN THE AREA WHICH UTILIZES

THE WASTE WATER FROM THE BUILT UP

AREA. THE WASTE WATER IS FILTEREDTHROUGH A FILTER TANK ABOVE GROUND.

THE WATER CHANNEL THUS FLOWS AND ADDS TO THE LANDSCAPE

AESTHETICS, ULTIMATELY FLOWING INTO THE RIVER.

THE DESIGN

THE PLAN OF THE SITE IS ENCLOSED IN A DRAWING


21/24

THE DESIGN

THE CENTRAL O.A.T.


22/24

EFFICIENCY OF THE DESIGN

WITH RESPECT TO WATER SUPPLY:

1. QUALITYOFTHEWATERSUPPLYWILLIMPROVE

2. THEREISSCOPEOFEQUALDISTRIBUTIONANDALSOBULKSUPPLYISA

BOON

3. ITWILLADDTOTHEEXISTINGWATERTRANSMISSIONSYSTEM4. THEREAREREDUCEDHEALTHRISKSDUETOBETTERQUALITY

MONITORING.

5. ITISCOSTEFFICIENTASTRADITIONALMETHODSOFPURIFICATION

HAVEBEENINCULCATED. THISWOULDENSURETHATTHESYSTEMIS

POCKET- FRIENDLYFORTHEPOOR.

WITH RESPECT TO ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT:

1. REDUCED POLLUTION AND CONTAMINATION OF RIVER YAMUNA

2. BETTER CONTROL AND MANAGEMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES DUE

TO EFFECTIVE MONITORING THE DESIGN


23/24

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

1. CASE STUDIES:

a. Traditional Water Management Systems of IndiaEdited by:

Kalyan Kumar Chakravarty

Gyani Lal Badam

Vijay Paranjpye

b. www.rainharvesting.org

2. DELHI JAL BOARD

3. INTERNET BASED SEARCH:

a.www.indiawaterportal.orgb.www.rainharvesting.org

c.Google search


24/24

THANK YOU

-BY

SAKSH I JAIN , SURUCHI SHAH

water design competiion sakshi jain suruchi shah delhi 1217852243819833 9

Documents