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ebf} @! ut] bfª cfpg'ePsf g]tf v8\sfn] ljleGg sfo{qmd tyf e]63f6sf cj;/df lxGb" /fHosf] cleofgdf cfkm' cl3 al9/x]sf] sfo{stf{x?nfO{ hfgsf/L u/fp“b} To;df ;fy lbg clkn ug'{ePsf] xf] . o:t} wgf{sf ljleGg ufp“df

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v8\sfn] kf6L{ cJojl:yt ePs} sf/0f hgtfsf] ;dy{g /x] klg kf6L{ ;f]r]cg'?k alnof] x'g g;s]sf]df lrGtf JoQm ub}{ kf6L{nfO{ efjGffTds ?kdf Psl9Ssf agfpg kf6L{sf zLif{ g]t[Tjnufot ;a} sfo{stf{x? uDeL/ aGg'kg]{ atfpg'eof] . v8\sfn] wgf{ uflj;sf bnlhtk'/, e}+;fky|f, 8f“uLufp“nufotsf 7fp“df

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/fxbfgL x/fPsf] ;"rgf †d]/f] lgDg Joxf]/fsf] /fxbfgL ldlt @)&! ;fpg !% ut] u+ufk/:k'/af6 3f]/fxLtkm{ hf“b} ubf{ x/fPsf] x'“bf km]nf kfg'{x'g] dxfg'efjn] glhssf] k|x/Lrf}sL jf lgDg 7]ufgfdf a'emfOlbg'x'g cg'/f]w ub{5' .gfd M ;'/h Gof}kfg] /fxbfgL g+= !(@(*@!7]ufgf M u+ufk/:k'/–& dux/, bfª ;Dks{ M (*$&*(&*(!

An'a's x/fPsf] ;"rgf †@)&! efb| @) ut] 3f]f/xLaf6 gf/fo0fk'/tkm{ hf“b} ubf{ j]i6g{ 8]enkd]G6 a}+s ln= 3f]/fxL bfªsf] gfddf /x]sf] /f= ! k $#*@ g+= sf] df]6/;fOnsf] An'a's x/fPsf] x'“bf km]nf kfg'{x'g] dxfg'efjn] glhssf] k|x/Lrf}sL jf lgDg 7]ufgfdf a'emfOlbg'x'g cg'/f]w ub{5' .gfd M j]i6g{ 8]enkd]G6 a}+s ln=7]ufgf M 3f]/fxL, bfª

lqe'jg ljZjljBfno lj1fg tyf k|ljlw cWoog ;+:yfgcGtu{t o; dx]Gb| ax'd'vL SofDk;df ;~rflnt rf/ jif]{ B.Sc. k|yd jif{df egf{ x'g OR5's ljBfyL{x?sf nflu cfj]bg kmf/fd v'Nnf ul/Psf] 5 .

lqe'jg ljZjljBfno

dx]Gb| ax'd'vL SofDk;, bfªSofDk; k|d'vsf] sfof{no, e/tk'/ bfª

jif]{ B.Sc. @)&!÷&@ sf] gof“ egf{;DaGwL cToGt h?/L ;"rgf †

egf{;DaGwL sfo{qmd Mcfj]bg kmf/fd ljt/0f M @)&! efb| !* ut]b]lvcfj]bg kmf/fd kfOg] tyf a'emfpg] :yfg M

dx]Gb| ax'd'vL SofDk;, bfªcfj]bg kmf/fd a'emfpg] clGtd ldlt M @)&! sflt{s !^ ut];Dd . bf]Aa/ b:t'/ lt/L ldlt @)&! sflt{s @! ut];Dd .k|j]z k/LIff x'g] ldlt / ;do M @)&! sflt{s @( ut]Biological Group : laxfg !)M)) ah]b]lv !@M)) ah];DdPhysical Group : lbp“;f] @M)) ah]b]lv $M)) ah];Ddk/LIff s]Gb| M dx]Gb| ax'd'vL SofDk; 3f]/fxL, bfªk|j]z k/LIff z'Ns M ?= ^)).– dfq

SofDk; k|d'v

$

q bz/y l3ld/]

b]pv'/L, @# ebf} . c•f cbfnt wfp“bf Pp6f d'2fsf] km};nf x'“bf;Dd nfv a9L /sd l;l4G5 . jsLnnfO{ k};f a'emfp . cfpg] hfg] ef8f lt/ . ljjfb km};nf x'g klg ;do nfU5 . eg]sf] a]nfdf To:tf lgsfoaf6 Gofo kfpg ;lsb}g . t/ d]nldnfk s]Gb|af6 ljjfb ldnfp‘bf Ps ?k}o“F klg vr{ x'“b}g . 5f]6f] ;dodf g} ljjfb ldN5 . s;}n] klg yfxf kfp“b}gg\ . uf]Kodf ldnfkq x'g] ePsfn] ;d'bfo:t/df d]nldnfk sfo{qmdsf] nf]slk|otf a9\b} uPsf] 5 .

5f]/f a'xf/Ln] ;f;" ;;'/fnfO{ gx]/]sf], ;f;"n] a'xf/LnfO{ ufnLunf}h ug{] u/]sf] b]lv lnP/ hUufsf] cf“7f] ldlrPsf], ?k}of“ k};f ;fk6Lsf] ?kdf nu]/ gkmsf{Psf] ljjfb r}nfxL d]nldnfk s]Gb|df btf{ eP . btf{ ePsf ljjfbx?df 5nkmn z'? eof] . 5nkmndf cfPsf ljjfbx? dWo] $(

j6f ljjfb clxn] ldnfkqdf 6'+luPsf 5g\ . ljrf/fwLg b'O{j6f 5g\ eg] c;xdlt ePsf ljjfb !! j6f 5g\ . 5nkmndf ldNg grfxg]x?nfO{ c;xdltsf] zLif{sdf /fVg] ul/Psf] 5 .

;d'bfosf s'nf]kfgL, hUufsf] cf“7f], 3/fo;L ljjfb, 3/]n' lx+;f;DaGwLsf ljjfbx? klg c•f cbfnt;Dd k'Ug] u5{g\ . ljjfbx? c•f cbfnt, k|x/L sfof{nodf k'Ubf cfly{s gf]S;fgL / ;dosf] aaf{bL x'g] u/]sf] 5 . o:tf 36gfx?n] ;d'bfodf czflGt lglDtg ;Sg] ePsfn] klg ldnfkqjf6 ;dfwfg vf]Hg] ljlw pko'Qm /x]sf] r}nfxL d]nldnfk sfo{qmdsL ;+of]hs lgd{nf rf}w/Ln] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] .

…;d'bfodf x'g] ljjfbx? ;d'bfodf g} ;dfwfg ul/g'k5{ . ;/sf/L d'2f afx]s cGo ljjfbsf ljifox? ldnfkqaf6 6'+Uofpg ;lsg] sfg'gL cfwf/ /x]sfn]

cem} bfp/fs} e/M b}lgs u'hf/f rnfpg jg h+unsf] bfp/fsf] e/ kg{'kg{] afWotf 5 . jgglhs a:tL ePsfx?n] cem} klg bfp/fnfO{ cfkm\gf] hLjg ofkgsf] ;|f]t agfO/fv]sf 5g\ . ndxL jhf/df bfp/f a]Rg cfPsf dlxnfx? . tl:j/M bz/y l3ld/]÷gofF o'uaf]w

lagfvr{ x'G5 ldnfkq

cfjZostfo; lhNnf e"ld clwsf/ d~r bfªdf tkl;ncg';f/sf] sfo{stf{ cfjZostf k/]sf]n] b/vf:t cfx\jfg ul/G5 .;+Vof M ! kb M k"0f{sfnLg sfo{stf{z}lIfs of]Uotf M SLC kf; k/LIffsf] lsl;d M lnlvt / cGtjf{tf{cfj]bg lbg] clGtd ldlt M @)&!.)%.#) ut];Ddcfj]bg b:t'/ M ?= @)).–gf]6 M 3f]/fxL g=kf= /fdk'/ / nIdLk'/ uf=lj=;=df a;f]af; u/]sf blnt dlxnfn] dfq lgj]bg lbg ;Sg]5g\ .cfjZos sfuhft M gful/stfsf] k|ltlnlk, @ k|lt kmf]6f], z}lIfs of]Uotfsf] k|df0fkq / cg'ej u/]sf] k|df0fkq

;Dks{ sfof{no / kmf]g gDa/

lhNnf e"ld clwsf/ d~r, bfª3f]=g=kf=–# wf]Aa], bfª, df]= (*$&*^#$!(, (*$&*^#!##,

/fxbfgL x/fPsf] ;"rgf †d]/f] lgDg Joxf]/fsf] /fxbfgL ldlt @)&! ;fpg @% ut] lahf}/Laf6 3f]/fxLtkm{ hf“b} ubf{ x/fPsf] x'“bf km]nf kfg'{x'g] dxfg'efjn] glhssf] k|x/Lrf}sL jf lgDg 7]ufgfdf a'emfOlbg'x'g cg'/f]w ub{5' .gfd M lbnaxfb'/ g]kfnL /fxbfgL g+= $$#@$&*7]ufgf M lahf}/L–*, bfª ;Dks{ M (*$&*@#%&!

s'ssf] cfjZostft'n;Lk'/ gof“ a;kfs{l:yt xf]6n l;4fy{df Pshgf s'ssf] cfjZostf k/]sf]n] t'= ;Dks{ ug'{xf]nf . kl/sf/ M z'4 v;Lsf] df;', k|mfO, 8«fO, /f]i6, nnLkk, dMd, rfpldg cflbsf] kl/sf/ agfpg ;Sg] bIf, cg'ejLnfO{ ljz]if u|fx\otf lbOg]5 .

k|f] u'?k|;fb 3tL{;Dks{ M (*%&*@#%!@, (&$*%)@@!@

-sf7df8f}+ sfpG6/b]lv k"j{ ;NofgL ;'/]z df]afOn k;n ePsf] 3/df_

kz' tyf s[lif kmd{ ;~rfngsf nflu 3/ hUuf laqmLdf

bfª–b]pv'/Lsf] uf]a/l8xf uf=lj=;=–! h'/f}gLdf lgdf{0f ePsf] !%) yfg u|]l8ª afv|fkfngsf nflu lgdf{0f ePsf] ejg kmf/d rf/}lt/ cf/=l;=l;= l;d]G6sf] lkn/;lxt & nfOg sf“8]tf/sf] afp08«L kz'kG5L kmf/dsf nflu k|z:t hldg, pRr 7fp“df xfjfkfgL, jftfj/0fdf s'g} c;/ gkg]{, vfg]kfgLsf] /fd|f] Joj:yf ePsf], lghL s'jfsf] Joj:yf ePsf], tLg sf]7fsf] cfjf;sf] nflu a:g] 3/sf] l8=lk=l;=sf] Joj:yf ePsf], kz'kfngsf nflu cfk\mg} hldgdf k|z:t 8fn] 3f“; ePsf], xfOj]sf] leq %) ld6/df !! ld6/ rf}8f bfdf]b/ /f]8, u|fe]n af6f] ePsf], ;o s]=eL= 6«fG;km/d/af6 ;~rfng ug{sf nflu $ km]; nfOgsf] Joj:yf ePsf] 6«fG;km/d/sf] nf]8 vfnL ePsf], dx]Gb| /fhdfu{sf] glhsdf /x]sf], l/;f]6{ ;]G6/sf] nflu klg clt pQd, l;+rfO{sf] nflu klg e"ldut hn ljB't of]hgfaf6 lgdf{0f ePsf], :ofnf] 6\o'aj]nsf] Joj:yf ePsf], tLg j6f df5f kf]v/L ePsf], kz' kmf/d ;~rfngsf nflu, 8fn] 3f“;, e'O“ 3f“;sf] nflu dx]Gb| /fhdfu{b]lv blIf0ftkm{ 3gf h+un ePsf], r/gsf] nflu clt pko'Qm cfk\mg} Kn6sf] aLr efuaf6 % ld6/sf] leqL af6f];d]t ePsf] hUuf laqmLdf 5 . OR5's Joj;foLn] tkl;nsf] 7]ufgfdf ;Dks{ ug'{x'g of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 .

;Dks{ df]afOn g+= M (*$$(#)*%#k|f]k|fO6/ M xf]t/fh cfrfo{

nfndl6of–# k'nrf]s, efn'afª

3f]/fxL, @# ebf} . ljkL lrGtg k|lti7fg bfª zfvfn] cfh 3f]/fxLdf ljkLsf] ;dfhjfb ljifos ljrf/ uf]i7L ug]{ ePsf] 5 . :j= ljkL sf]O/fnfsf] hGd ztfAbLsf] cj;/df laxfg ;f9] !! ah] 3f]/fxL gu/kflnsfsf] xndf sfo{qmd x'g] k|lti7fgsf ;lrj lgd{n uf}tdn] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . k|lti7fgn] ljrf/ uf]i7Ldf ;xefuL eOlbg ;a}nfO{ cfu|x u/]sf] 5 .

/fxt gkfPsf] u'gf;f]

ljkL ljrf/ uf]i7L cfh

o'uaf]w ;dfrf/bftf

t'n;Lk'/, @# ebf} . lzIff lbj; tyf cGt/f{li6«o ;fIf/tf lbj;sf] cj;/ kf/]/ kz'klt dflj xl/kf}/Ln] ;f]djf/ xflh/Lhjfkm k|ltof]lutf, s';L{bf}8 / jSt[Tjsnf;lxtsf sfo{qmd ;DkGg u/]sf] 5 .

ljBfnosf k|wfgfWofks ?b|axfb'/ 8f“uLsf] cWoIftfdf ePsf] sfo{qmddf lzIfsx? lzjk|;fb zdf{, /fdaxfb'/ s];L / l;df a'9fyf]sLn] ljBfyL{x?n] k9fOsf ;fy} v]ns"bdf klg cle?lr b]vfP o;n] ;a}nfO{ kmfObf x'g] atfpg' eof] .

sfo{qmddf xflh/Lhjfkmtkm{ /f]zg s];Lsf] ;d"x k|yd, k'ikf uf]}tdsf] ;d"x låtLo / z'ed kfw]{sf] ;d"x t[tLo ePsf lyP . s';L{ bf}8tkm{ /fwf rf}w/L k|yd, ;'/h kl/of/ låtLo / k|jL0f ldhf/ t[tLo x'g'ePsf] lyof] . ljh]tf v]nf8Lx?nfO{ k|wfgfWofks 8f“uLn] k'/:sf/ ljt/0f ug'{ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmdsf] ;~rfng o1axfb'/ clwsf/Ln] ug'{ePsf] lyof] .

To;}u/L dx]Gb| pRr dfWolds ljBfno t'n;Lk'/n] klg ljljw sfo{qmd u/L lzIff lbj; dgfPsf] 5 . 5f]/LnfO{ ;DklQ xf]Og lzIff lbg'k5{ eGg] zLif{ssf] afblajfbdf sIff ( sL 5fqf cl:dtf kGyL k|yd, sIff

!) sL 5fqf k"l0f{df /]UdL låtLo / sIff ( sL dlgiff 608g t[tLo x'g'ePsf] lyof] .

k|wfgfWofks lhtaxfb'/ yfkfsf] cWoIftfdf ePsf] sfo{qmddf ljBfno Aoj:ykg ;ldltsf ;b:o O{Zj/Lk|;fb e08f/L / lzIfs k|sfz kf]v|]nn] dGtAo JoQm ug{'ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmdsf] ;~rfng /fdaxfb'/ zfxLn] ug'{ePsf] lyof] ;fIf/tf lbj;df cIf/ n]vg k|ltof]lutf

To:t} ;f+}l8of/ uflj;:t/Lo ;fd'bflos cWoog s]Gb|n] cGt/f{li6«o ;fIf/tf lbj;sf]cj;/df ;f}+l8of/–& ;f}+l8of/df gj ;fIf/x?aLr cIf/ n]vg k|ltof]lutf ;DkGg u/]sf] 5 . cWoog s]Gb|sf cWoIf r]t' e08f/Lsf] cWoIftf Pj+ ;fd'bflos cWoog s]Gb|;~hfn bfªsf ;lrj lgzfgbfh' e§/fO{sf] k|d'v cfltYotf tyf ;f}l8of/pk:jf:Yo rf}sLsf O~rfh{ k|sfz cfrfo{sf] ljlzi6 cfltYotfdf ePsf] k|ltof]lutfdf ;f}l8of/–$ kSj}sL ;kgf rf}w/L k|yd, kSj}sL clgtf rf}w/L låtLo, ;f}l8of/–% 3';|fls clgtf rf}w/L t[tLo, ;f}+l8of/–& sL b'uf{ rf}w/L rt'y{ / 3';|fsL clgtfrf}w/Ln] ;fGTjgf :yfg xfl;n ug'{ePsf] lyof] .

o;}u/L a/fxIf]q dfWolds ljBfno

;]jf/ agufp‘n] lzIff lbj;sf] cj;/df ;f]djf/ ljleGg v]ns"b k|ltof]lutf ;DkGg u/]sf] 5 . lbj;sf] cj;/df ljBfnon] xfOhDk, ;6km'6, 3}+6fkmf]/, rSn]6 bf}8nufotsf v]ns"b k|ltof]lutf u/]sf] ljBfnosf ;xfos k|wfgfWofks lr/~hLjL a'9fyf]sLn] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . ;f] cj;/df k|ltof]lutfdf ljhoL ePsfx?nfO{ k'/:sf/ ljt/0f ul/Psf] lyof] .

;x k|c lr/~hLjL a'9fyf]sLsf] cWoIftf tyf afNdL s];Lsf] k|d'v cfltYodf ePsf] sfo{qmddf bLkf s];Ln] af]Ng'ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmdsf] ;~rfng nIdL of]uLn] ug'{ePsf] lyof] .

To;}u/L dfWolds ljBfno ;f}+l8of/ bfªn] lzIff lbj; Pj+ cGt/fli6«o ;fIf/tf lbj;sf] cj;/df …lzIffsf] dxTjÚ ljifos jSt[Tjsnf k|ltof]lutf ;DkGg u/]sf] 5 . k|ltof]lutfdf k'ikf ljs k|yd, df]ltsf lwtfn låtLo, d~h' dNn t[tLo / ld/f /fgf ;fGTjgf x'g'ePsf] lyof] .

;xfos k|wfgfWofks s]zjk|;fb zdf{sf] cWoIftfdf ePsf] sfo{qmddf lzIfsx? lji0f'/fh rf}w/L, gf/bk|;fb e08f/L, aAn' zdf{ nufotn] af]Ng'ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmdsf] ;~rfng z]/axfb'/ rf}w/Ln] ug'{ePsf] lyof] .

lzIff lbj;df ljljw sfo{qmd

kßf]bo klAns gd"gf pRr dfWolds ljBfnoe/tk'/, bfªsf]

lznaGbL af]nkq cfJxfg ;DjGwL ;"rgf †-k|yd k6s k|sflzt ldlt @)&!÷%÷@$_

o; laBfnodf Oe]G6 sfo{qmd cGtu{t o;} cf=j= )&!.)&@ df tkl;n adf]lhdsf] lgdf{0f sfo{ lznjGbL af]nkqåf/f u/fpg' kg]{ ePsf]n] g]kfn ;/sf/af6 Ohfht kq k|fKt …3Ú ju{sf OR5's lgdf{0f Aoa;foLaf6 lgDg zt{x?sf] clwgdf /xL of] lznjGbL af]nkq cfJxfg ul/G5 .zt{x? M!= lznjGbL af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhft of] ;"rgf k|yd k6s k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] #) lbg ;Dd ljBfno ;do

leq rfn' cf=j= sf] nflu gjLs/0f ePsf] Ohfht kq,cfos/ Pj+ d"=c=s/ btf{ k|df0f–kq, cf=j= )&!.)&@ sf] s/ r'Qmfsf] k|df0f—kq ;d]tsf] k|dfl0ft k|ltlnkL ;+nUg /fvL lznjGbL af]nkq b:t'/ jfkt ?= !))).— -lkmtf{ gx'g] u/L_ sf] gubL /l;b lnO{ o; laBfnoaf6 vl/b ug{ ;lsg] 5 .

@= vl/b ePsf lznjGbL af]nkq k|i6 ;+u e/L k|To]s kfgfdf ;xL5fk u/]/ vfdjGbL u/L vfd jflx/ 7]Ssf g+=, sfdsf] ljj/0f, lznjGbL af]nkq vl/bsf] gubL /l;b ;d]t ;+nUg u/L o; ljBfnodf btf{ u/fpg' kg]{5 .

#= ljBfnoaf6 laqmL ePsf] lznjGbL af]nkqsf] k'l:tsfdf eg'{ kg]{ ;Dk"0f{ kfgfx? e/L k]z ug'{ kg]{5, / Pp6f kmd{sf] gfddf vl/b ePsf] lznjGbL af]nkq csf]{ kmd{ jf JolQmsf] gfdaf6 bflvnf ug{ kfOg]5}g .

$= o;/L vl/b ul/Psf] lznjGbL af]nkqsf] ;"rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] #! cf}+ lbgsf] !@=)) ah];Dd o; sfof{nodf btf{ u/fO{ ;Sg'kg]{5, btf{ ePsf lznjGbL af]nkq ;f]xL lbgsf] !$=)) ah] o; sfof{ndf sfo{no k|ltlglw, lznjGbL af]nkqbftf jf lghsf] k|ltlglwx?sf] /f]xj/df ljBfnodf vf]lng] 5 . lznjGbL af]nkqbftf jf lghsf] k|ltlglw pkl:yt gePdf klg lznjGbL af]nkq vf]Ng s'g} jfwf kg]{ 5}g .

%= lznjGbL af]nkq bflvnf ug]{ Pj+ vf]Ng] clGtd lbg ;fj{hlgs ljbf k/]df pQm sfo{x? ljbfsf] nuQ} kl5 ljBfno v'n]sf] lbg ;f]xL ;dodf x'g]5 .

^= lznjGbL af]nkq;fy lgDg adf]lhdsf] hdfgt jfktsf] /sd glan a}s bfªsf] kb\df]bo klAns gd"gf pRr dfWolds ljBfnosf] gfddf /x]sf] rNtL vftf g= @^)!)!&%))%!* df /x]sf] w/f}6L gub hDdf u/]sf] ;Ssn ef}r/ k]z ug'{kg]{5 .

& 7]Ssf :jLs[t ePdf % k|ltztn] x'g] /sd j/fj/sf] gub ef}r/ jf ;f] j/fj/sf] k/km/d]G; j08 k]z ug'{ kg]{ 5 .*= lznjGbL af]nkqjfnfn] af]nkqdf b//]6 ebf{ d"No clea[l4 s/afx]ssf] b//]6 c+s / cIf/df pNn]v ug'{

kg]{5, ;fy}} c+s / cIf/df km/s k/]df cIf/df n]lvPsf] nfO{ dfGotf k|bfg ul/g]5 .(= lznjGbL af]nkqdf cfO6d jfOh b//]6 c+s cIf/ b'j}df :ki6 n]Vg' kg]{5 / sfl6Psf] jf s]/d]6 ePsf] :yfgdf ;DalGwt kmd{sf] clgjfo{ b:tvt x'g'kg]{5 .!)= lznjGbL af]nkq;DalGw cGo s'/f a'e\mg' k/]df o; ljBfnodf ;Dks{ ug{ ;lsg] 5 .!!= Dofb gf3L cfPsf], l/t gk'u]sf] / zt{ /flvPsf] af]nkq pk/ s'g} sf/jfxL ul/g] 5}g .!@= lznjGbL af]nkq :jLs[t ug]{, /2 ug]{ / cf+lzs ?kdf :jLs[t ug]{ jf gug]{ ;Dk"0f{ clwsf/ o; ljBfnodf

;'/lIft /xg]5 . !#= ;"rgfdf pNn]v gePsf cGo s'/fx?sf] xsdf ;fj{hlgs vl/b P]g @)^# / ;fj{hlgs vl/b lgodfjnL

@)^$ tyf k|rlnt g]kfn sfg"g adf]lhd x'g]5 .!$= lgdf{0f sfo{sf] ljj/0f tkl;n cg';f/ /x]sf]5 .

7]Ssf g+=

!÷)&!÷)&@

of]hgfsf] gfd

sfo{qmd xnsf]7f lgdf{0f

n=O{=/sd -d'=c=s/ slG6Gh]G;L

afx]s_@%,!),&(&.#^

w/f}6L /sd

^@,&&).))

lznaGbLaf]nkq b:t'/

!))).))

lznaGbLaf]nkq v/Lb

clGtd ldlt@)&!.)^.@@

lgdf{0f Joj;foLjuL{s/0f

3 ju{

lznaGbLaf]nkq

vf]Ng] ldlt/ ;do

@)&!.)^.@#lbgsf]

!$=)) ah]

kßf]bo klAns gd"gf pRr df=lj=e/tk'/, bfª kmf]g= )*@%^)@!@

k|frfo{

klg lgs} ;lhnf] ePsf] xf]Ú– rf}w/Ln] eGg'eof]– …;/sf/n] klg d]nldnfksf] gLltnfO{ kfl/t u/]/ sfof{Gjogdf NofPsfn] oxf“ ldnfOPsf ljjfbx?n] sfg'gL dfGotf ;d]t kfp“5 .Ú bfª lhNnfsf bz uflj;df d]nldnfk sfo{qmd nfu' ePsf] 5 . cGo uflj;df klg o; lsl;dsf] ;]jf k|bfg ug{ h?/L /x]sf] gful/s cu'jfn] atfpg] u5{g\ . b]pv'/Lsf] r}nfxL, uf]a/l8xf / u+ufk/:k'/ uflj;df d]nldnfk sfo{qmd nfu' 5 .

bz uflj;df /x]sf

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BCA

B.E. Civil Eligibility: +2 Science (Physics or Biology), Overseer

B.E. Electronics & Comm.Eligibility: +2 Science, Overseer

Computer Overseer

Amin (Basic Survey Engineering)

Civil Sub-Overseer

Electrical Sub-Overseer

(Bachelor of Computer Application)Eligibility: +2 Science, +2 Management with Maths or Computer Science, Overseer

Eligibility: SLC passed.

Eligibility: SLC passed.

Eligibility: SLC passed.

Eligibility: SLC passed.

Admission Open !

Rapti Engineering College(Af liation to Pokhara University & CTEVT)

Ghorahi-1, Saniambapur, Sarra DangCell :9857832329, 9857831684, 082-562601, 695271

For more details:

Last Date for form submission : 2071/5/27Entrance Date For BE & BCA : 2071/5/28

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l8u|Lsf] k|df0fkq afs;df /fv]/ s'g} JolQm cbIf hgzlQmsf] ?kdfsfd ug{ t];|f] d'n's hfg'kg]{ l:ylt 5 . ToxL k|df0fkq w/f}6L /fv]/ gp;n] b]zleq s'g} pBd ug]{ Joj:yf 5, g To;sf nflu bIf / ;IfdhgzlQm g} of] lzIff k|0ffnLn] lbg ;s]sf] 5 . a? pRr lzIff k9]sf]JolQm ;fgf] sfddf cNemg' x'Fb}g eGg] unt dfgl;stfsf] ljsf; u/fOlbPsf]5, xfd|f] lzIff k|0ffnLn] . x/]s jif{h:t} of] jif{ klg g]kfndf lzIff lbj;dgfOof] . of] jif{ æ;Ifd lzIfs, :t/Lo lzIffM ;d[l4sf nflu ;fIf/tf /k|ljlwo'Qm lzIffÆ eGg] gf/fsf ;fy lzIff lbj; dgfOPsf] 5 . of] lbj;sf]cj;/df b]zAofkL?kdf dxTjk"0f{ ljifod} 5nkmn eP . o; jif{sf] gf/fn];fGble{s ljifod} ax; cl3 a9fpg vf]h]sf] 5 . :t/Lo lzIffsf nflu;Ifd lzIfs rflxG5 eGg] lglj{jflbt dfGotf xf] . t/ o;nfO{ sfof{Gjogug{ lgs} sl7g 5 . clxn]sf] k|0ffnL / ;+/rgfn] o;nfO{ y]Ug ;s]sf]5}g . lzIf0f k]zf ;Ddflgt sd{ xf] t/ slt lzIfsn] of] ;Ddfg sfod/fVg ;s]sf 5g\ eGg] klg dxTjk"0f{ kIf xf] .

k|foM ufpFIf]qsf ljBfno / ltgsf] z}lIfs:t/ x]bf{ lzIfsx?sf] ;Ifdtfdfk|Zg p7fpg] k|z:t cfwf/ 5g\ . ;DejtM ToxL cfwf/df g} o; jif{ lzIfflbj; dgfpFbf lzIfsnfO{ cfkm\gf] Ifdtf / of]ubfgsf] ;dLIff ug{ cfx\jfgul/Psf] x'g'kb{5 . of] jif{sf] lzIff lbj;df lzIfssf] e"ldsfsf] vf]hL ul/Psf]5 . of] /fd|f] kIf xf], t/ oltn] dfq k'Ub}g . ;Ifd lzIfs;Fu} Jofjxfl/slzIff k|0ffnL clxn]sf] dxTjk"0f{ ;jfn xf] . hlt;'s} ;Ifd lzIfs eP klgjf p;n] hlt;'s} /fd|f];Fu lzIf0f u/]/ klg :ki6 lehg;lxtsf] lzIff k|0ffnLePg eg] kl/0ffdsf lx;fan] z}lIfs:t/ t dfly p7\g ;Snf t/ ;du| b]zsf]l:ylt dfly p7\g ;Sb}g . /fd|f] glhtf t cfpnf t/ Tof] glthfn] dfq lzIfflbj;sf] gf/fdf elgPh:tf] d'n'snfO{ ;d[l4sf] lbzfdf n}hfg ;Sb}g .

clxn]sf] lzIff k|0ffnLsf] uGtJo eg]sf] t];|f] d'n's 5 . ljBfyL{ ;kmneP klg ljb]z, c;kmn eP klg ljb]z . Pp6f ljBfyL{n] /fd|f];Fu k9\of] /s]xL ug{ vf]Hof] eg] pm klg cGttM ljb]z g} hfg'k5{ . Pp6f ljBfyL{ c;kmneof] / s]xL ug{ ;s]g eg] klg pm hLljsfsf nflu ljb]z g} hfg'k5{ . xfdLn]bIf gful/s pTkfbg u/] klg ljb]zLs} nflu, cbIf gful/s pTkfbg u/] klgljb]zLs} nflu . of] lzIff If]qsf] dfq xf]Og, /fHos} nflu uDeL/ r'gf}tL xf] .of] r'gf}tLnfO{ cGTo u/L b]zsf] df6f] ;'xfpFbf] b]zsf nflu rflxg] hgzlQmpTkfbg ug]{ lzIff k|0ffnL agfpg'k5{ . clxn] cfkm\gf] sfo{sfn k"/f u/Lkms]{sf hd{g /fhb"t ut df3df bfª cfPsf] a]nf Pp6f k|;++udf eg]sf lyP–d]/f] b]zdf cfwf/e"t txsf] k9fO ;s]/ @) k|ltzt pRr lzIfflt/ / *)k|ltzt ljBfyL{ k|fljlws ;Lk l;Sb} sfddf nfU5g\ t/ g]kfndf *) k|ltztpRrlzIff -pgs} zAbdf of] k|fl1s If]qsf nflu 7Ls} eP klg b]zsf] ;d[l4sfnflu sfdofjL 5}g_ lt/ / ;fgf] ;+Vof dfq} ;Lk l;Sg nfUbf/x]5g\ . of]df]8n gkm]l/bf;Dd g]kfnsf] ;d[l4 ;Dej 5}g . ljZjo'4af6 lynf]lynf]ePsf] hd{gLn] ;Lkd"ns lzIffdf hf]8 lbP/ ;d[l4sf] af6f] to ug{;Sof] t/u[xo'4af6 ylnPsf] g]kfndf of] ax; slxn] z'? xf]nf <

;d[l4sf nflu ;Lkd"ns lzIff

OZj/ cb[Zo, c:k[Zo /cnf}lss zlQm xf] . dfG5]n] ;fIfftOZj/ b]v]sf] x'‘b}g tyflk OZj/sf]af; xf];\ eg]/ 7"nf–7"nf d7–dlGb/, rr{ / u'Dafx?sf] lgdf{0fu5{ . t/ OZj/ dfG5]x? ef]sef]s}v'nf cfsfzd'lg /f]Os/fO{cft{gfbo'Qm hLjg latfO/x]sf]b]v]/ klg 6'n'6'n' x]l/ dfq /xG5g\,s]xL ub{}gg\ . eGg t elgG5–…OZj/s} s[kfn] ;[li6 rn]s] xf] .dflg;x? OZj/s} ;Gtfg x'g\ .ltgsf] kfngfkf]if0f klg OZj/af6}eO/x]sf] x'G5 . OZj/sf] sfdeg]sf] dfgj hfltnfO{ b'Mvaf6d'lQm lbnfpg' xf] . t/jf:tljstfdf OZj/n] dflg;agfPsf x'g\ of dflg;n] OZj/agfPsf x'g\ < OZj/sf]cl:tTjdfly g} k|Zg t]:of{pg] of]s:tf] dfG5] xf] eGg' xf]nf t/ oLk|Zgx? d]/f] JolQmut ljrf/ dfqxf]Ogg\ cfw'lgstfjfbn] p7fgu/]sf oIf ;jfnx? x'g\ .

dflysf k|zgx?sf] ;jfndfwd{u|Gyx?nfO{ cfwf/ dfg]/ x]g{] xf]eg] of] ;Dk"0f{ ;[li6 g} OZj/Lo b]gxf] . uLtf, afOjn, s'/fg ;a}n]k9fpg] kf7 oxL xf] . lxGb' wd{ eG5of] ;+;f/ ;[li6 ug{], ;~rfng ug{] /;+xf/ ug{] OZj/ :jo+n] g} xf] .a|x\dfn] ;[li6 u5{g\, lji0f'n]kfgnkf]if0f u5{g\ / dx]Zj/n] ;+xf/u5{g\ . o;k|sf/ lxGb' wd{zf:qcg';f/ tLg cIf/n] ag]sf] GodeGg] zAbsf] tLg cy{ nufpg;lsG5 . G eg]sf] Generatorcyf{t ;[li6stf{ x'g\ . h:tf] lsa|x\df . O eg]sf] Operatorcyf{t kfngstf{ x'g\ . h:tf] lslji0f' . D eg]sf] Destroyercyf{t ;+xf/stf{ x'g\ h:tf] lseujfg dx]Zj/ . of] wd{k/sOZj/jfbL b[li6sf]0fcg';f/ k|fs[lts;+s6b]lv lnP/ ;Dk"0f{ dfgjLo;+s6x? dfG5] :jo+n] u/]sf] cwd{cyf{t s'sd{sf kl/0ffd x'g\ .

7Ls o:t} b[li6sf]0f 5kfZrfTo wd{zf:qsf] klg .afOjnsf cg';f/ OZj/n] dfG5]sf];[li6 u/] / p;nfO{ cfkm\g} :juL{oau}+rf …O8g uf8{]gÚ df af; lbP .t/ pgn] Tof] dfG5]nfO{ au}+rfdfkmNg] 1fgsf] kmn gvfg cfb]z

OZj/sf] cjzfg

kmnfd tft]sf] a]nf lk6\g'k5{ eG5g\, clxn] bnx? tft]sf5g\ . oxLa]nf ;lqmok"j{s nfu] ;xdlt x'G5 . ;+ljwfg klgaG5 .

– ;'jf; g]Djfª -;efd'v_

GofofwLz bnLo cfwf/df ljeflht eP rf]/, 8fFsf / xTof/fn]klg 5'6 kfpg] 5g\ . To;}n] h;/L eP klg GofokflnsfnfO{lgikIf agfpg'k5{ .

– z]/axfb'/ b]pjf -sf+u|]; jl/i7 g]tf_

;+ljwfgnfO{ aGws agfpg] / ;xdltsf gfddf c8\sfP//fVg] p2]Zosf nflu sfo{tflnsf km]g]{ s'/f ul/Psf] xf] eg] dfGox'g ;Sb}g .

– o1/fh ;'gf/ -;ef;b g]skf Pdfn]_

/fi6«jfb l6sfpg] cfwf/ eg]sf] Gofok"0f{, ultzLn, pbf/,Jofks, zf]if0f/lxt / kf/bzL{ zf;sLo k|0ffnLdf cfwfl/tk|hftflGqs zf;g dfq} xf] . hftLo /fHo lgdf{0f ljgfzsf] af6f]xf] . pTyfgsf] xf]Og .

– o'j/fh uf}td -n]vs_

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– sl/gf sk'/ -gflosf_

s;n] s] eg] <

u/] . dfG5]n] eujfgsf] cfb]zsf]cj1f ub}{}{ 1fgsf] kmn vfg] w[i6tfu¥of] . kmn:j?k OZj/ l/;fpgk'u] / ;hfo:j?k dfG5]nfO{ cfkm\gf]OZj/Lo au}+rfaf6 b'MvbfoLgf/sLo hLjgdf ws]lnlbP . o;cy{df OZj/sf] sfd dfG5]nfO{ bf;agfpg' / b'Mv lbg' klg xf] . xfd|fldysx?df y'k|} 7fp“ OZj/ /dfG5]aLrsf] s6'tfsf syfx? k9\gkfOG5 . :ju{af6 cfuf] rf]/]/Nofpg] k|ldy;n] dfgj hfltsf]lxtdf sfd ug{ vf]Hbf bl08t x'g'k/]sf] syfnfO{ Pp6f b[i6fGt dfGg;lsG5 . c?nfO{ pRrsf]6Lsf]l;+xf;gdf a;]sf] b]Vg grfxg]k|a[lQ OZj/df klg kfOG5 .

k/fk"j{ Oltxf;df ;dfh jf/fHox? klg wd{af6 g} lgb{]lztx'Gy] . Toxf“ zf;g ug{] /fhf of;d|f6x?n] cfkm"nfO{ OZj/ ;dfg7fGy] / OZj/n] }́+ dflg;nfO{ k"0f{tMcfkm\g} clwg / cfb]zaf6 rnfpgrfxGy] . To;nfO{ pgLx? lg/+s'ztf7fGb}gy] a? OZj/Lo rl/q;D´Gy] . ;j{;fw/0f hgtfn] rfxg]:jtGqtf ltgsf nflu xf“;f]sf]ljifo aGYof] . pgLx? rfxGy]hgtfn] xfdLNffO{ klg OZj/ }́+dfg"g\ / xfd|f] zlQmsf] k"hful//x"g\ . o; k|sf/ ;qf}+, c7f/f}+ztfAbL;Dd klg /fHox? k|foMb]jL–b]ptf / ldysdf cfwfl/teP . tL k|frLg /fHo /hf}+6fx?n]wd{sf] gfddf ;fdGtjfbL lg/+s'z/fHo ;+/rgf v8f u/] . wd{nfO{c? dfly zf]if0f ug{] dfWod agfP .cfkm\gf s'sd{x?nfO{ rf]Vofpg klgltgn] wd{nfO{ g} k|of]u u/] .hgtfsf] zf;g jf clxn]sf] cy{dfk|hftGq ltgnfO{ t;f{pg] z}tfg

aGof] . Tof] ;donfO{ elgGYof]k"j{cfw'lgssfn . To;sf] cGTockl/xfo{ eO;s]sf] lyof] .

cfkm"nfO{ OZj/sf] ;Gtfg;lDemg] / c?dfly ;fdGtjfbLzf;g nfbg] k|frLg jf k"j{–cfw'lgsljZj b[li6sf]0fnfO{ klxnf] r'gf}tLlbg] sfd u¥of] 8fla{gsf]ljsf;jfbL l;4fGt -Darwin'stheor of evolution_ n] . Tof]l;4fGtn] eGof]– dfG5] OZj/ xf]Og,af“b/sf] ;Gtfg xf] . aflx/–aflx/wd{sf] n]k nufpg] t/ leq af“b/Lok|a[lQ ePsf] dfG5]sf nflu Tof]clt g} j}1flgs / j:t'k/s JofVoflyof] . vf]h cg';Gwfgdf cfwfl/tTo:tf] ;To–tYo s'/fdf s;}n]ljdlt hgfpg] 7fp‘ g} /x]g . To;n]Pp6f cfw'lgs ljZj b[li6sf]0fsf]lgdf{0f u¥of] . dfG5]n]k/fk"j{sfnb]lv dfGb} cfPsf]OZj/df a'9\of}nL nfUg yfNof] .la;f}+ ztfAbL;Dd cfOk'Ubf OZj/g/fd|f];‘u ylng k'u] . Pshgfdxfg bfz{lgs k|m]8l/r lgT;]n] tLOZj/sf] cjzfg eO;s]sf] 3f]if0fful/lbP . …8]y ckm u8Ú -OZj/sf]cjzfg_ eGg] cjwf/0ffn] cfw'lgsljrf/s, lrGts, l;4fGtsf/;a}nfO{ k|efljt kf¥of] . pgLx?n]eGg yfn]– OZj/n] dfG5] agfPsf]xf]Og a? dfG5]n] g} OZj/ agfPsf]xf] . OZj/af6 dflg;x?sf]kfngkf]if0f x'g] xf]Og a? dfG5]af6OZj/sf] kfngkf]if0f eO/x]sf] x'G5 .of] ljrf/nfO{ dfGg] xf] eg] o:tf]nfU5– ;fob xfdLn] r9fPsf] hn,g}j]B, kmnkm"n cflbaf6 OZj/sf]u'hf/f rN5 .

OZj/dfly g} cl:tTjsf] k|Zgt]:of{pg] / OZj/Tj cj;fgsf]

laxfgsf] s/Lj # ah]sf] lyof] . cfkmGt la/fdL k/]sfn] /fKtL pkIf]qLo c:ktfndfk' 'Ug' 'kg{ ] cj:yf cfof] . xtf/xtf/ la/fdLnfO{ c:ktfn k¥ofOof] . ;'t]sf:jf:YosdL{x?nfO{ p7fP/ pkrf/sf] k|lqmof cl3 a9fOof] . la/fdLnfO{ %÷^ 306fc:ktfnd} /fVg''kg{] eof] . b''O{hgf ePsfn] lj/fdLnfO{ a]8df ;'tfPkl5 dnfO{ ;dolatfpg cln d'l:sn k¥of] .

d 3''Db} c:ktfnsf] cf‘ug j/k/ ug{ yfn+] . e/v/} ag]sf] gof‘ ejgdf k''u]+h''g ejgdf la/fdL /fVg] a]8x? lyPgg\ cyf{t la/fdL jf8{ Toxf‘ lyPg . t/ejgleq b''O{÷tLghgf JolQm dhfn] ;'lt/x]sf lyP . laxfg x'' ‘b} uof] pHofnf]5fp‘b} uof] . tL JolQmx? p7] . clg d}n] lh1f;f nfu]/ ;f]w]+ tkfO‘x? la/fdLxf] < Ps hgfn] hjfkm lbP xf]Og d]/f] 3/ /f}tx6 xf], ahf/df /fO;s''s/ l/k]l/ªub{} lx‘8\5'' . xf]6ndf a:bf k};f nfU5 To;}n] oxf‘ a;]sf] x‘' ' . cfh &÷* lbgeof] . cem} $÷% lbg a:5'' . clg csL{ ;'t]sL dlxnf t''n;Lk'/sL /}l5g\ . 3/dfemu8f k/]/ c:ktfndf a:g cfPsf] /] .

c:ktfndf o:tf dfG5] a;]sf] b]v]/ dnfO{ cem j/k/ 3'Dg dg nfUof] . clgj/k/ 3'Dbf sf]xL ahf/df dfgl;s ;Gt'ng u'dfPsf dHhfn] ;'t]sf lyP . pgLx?pHofnf] x''g] lalQs} p7]/ ahf/lt/ nfu] . /f}tx6sf tL JolQm klg ;f‘em k''g M ;'Tgcfpg] eGb} Od/h]G;L sIfsf] 5tdf hfg] l;‘9Ld'lg cfkm\gf la:t/f u''G6f] kf/]/ /fv]/emf]nfe/L /fO;s''s/sf ;dfg af]s]/ ahf/lt/ nfu] .

;fob dnfO nfU5 c:ktfn eGg] lalQs} ;+j]bgzLn 7fp‘ xf] . ahf/df lbge/;dfg a]Rb} lx‘8\g] JolQm / dfgl;s ;Gt'ng u'dfPsf JolQm a:g] 7fp‘ xf]Og . t/clxn] /fKtLs} 7"nf] c:ktfn o:t} JolQmsf] /fltsf] cf>o:yn ag]sf] 5 . of] lsgag]sf] 5 < o;sf] lgoGq0f ug{] lgsfo sxf‘ 5 <

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yyffgg]]ZZjj// ssffnnffyyff]]ssLL MM klxn] t s'g 7fpFdf slt oftfoft rflxG5 Tof]s'/fsf] ljrf/ ug'{ cfjZos 5 . ;fy} ofqf ubf{ ofq'x? klg ;hu x'gh?/L 5 . clg ofq'afxs ;fwgx? a9fpg cfjZos 5 tf ls pleP// 5tdf ofqf ug{ gk/f];\ .

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ccllggnn uu''KKttff MM of] t oftfoft ;ldltn] a'em\g' kg]{ xf] . xfdLn] eg]/s] x'G5 / Û rf8kj{sf] a]nf t b'3{6gf x'g] u5{ . r]lsª s8f eof] eg]t s]xL g s]xL xf]nf .

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gjf}+ dxflwj]zgdf gLltut ;jfndf;xdlt eP klg g]t[Tjsf] ljifodf tLa|k|lt:kwf{ eof] . dxflwj]zgsf] dtkqd}b'O{j6f Kofgnsf] lni6 cg';f/ dtbfgdfhfg' uDeL/ uNtL lyof] . t/ g]skf -Pdfn]_ sf sfo{stf{x?sf] kf6L{, b]z /hgtfk|ltsf] lhDd]jf/Laf]w / kl/kSjtfsf]sf/0fn] g]t[Tj lgdf{0fdf ldl>t kl/0ffdcfof] . s'g} klg dxflwj]zg ofclwj]zgx?df g]t[Tj 5gf]6sf] ljifocToGt dxTjk"0f{ / hl6n sfd xf] . gLlthlt;'s} /fd|f] kfl/t u/] klg g]t[Tj5gf]6df uNtL eof] eg] /fd|f] gLltb:tfj]hsf kfgfx?df ;Lldt x'G5 . ;xLgLltnfO{ hgtfsf] hLjgdf nfu' ug{] d'Vo;+oGq g]t[Tj g} xf] . dxflwj]zgdf s'g}klg AolQmnfO{ cfu|x, k"jf{u|x / xNnfsf]e/df dtbfg ug{ k'luof] eg] cGttMTo;n] kf6L{nfO{ dfq xf]Og ;du| d'n'snfO{g} uDeL/ Iflt k'¥ofp‘5 . ;DalGwtAolQmsf] af/]df /fd|f] hfgsf/L k|fKt gu/Ls]jn k|rf/jfhLnfO{ dfq cfwf/ agfOof]eg] 7"nf] gf]S;fg x'G5 .

g]skf -Pdfn]_ ;xL ljrf/, Aojl:yt/ Aofks ;+u7gfTds cfwf/ ePsf] kf6L{x'g'sf] sf/0fn] of] kf6L{sf ;fd' la/f6;Defjgfx? ljBdfg 5g\ . g]kfnsf]/fhgLltdf g]kfnL sf +u| ]; a 'h' {jf;'wf/jfbsf] 3]/faf6 dfly p7\g g;s]sf]/ Pg]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ j}rfl/s?kdfcToGt cGof]nsf] cj:yfdf /x]sfn]g]kfnL ljz]iftfsf] nf]stflGqs k|0ffnLnfO{cl3 a9fpg] ;jfndf g]skf -Pdfn]_n]g]t[TjbfoL e"ldsf lgaf{x ug{ ;Sg] alnof]cfwf/ b]lvG5 . hgtfsf] ax'bnLo hgjfb,g]kfnL ljz]iftfsf] nf]stGq xf] . oxf‘,;+;f/sf s'g} klg d'n'ssf] nf]stGqsf]gSsn ug{ ;Sg] cj:yf 5}g . olb g]skf-Pdfn]_ sf] g]t[Tjn] uDeL/ Wofg k'¥ofpg;Sg] xf] eg] xfd|f] b]z g]kfn cfw'lgso'usf] nf]stGqsf] pGgt gd"gf aGg ;Sg]cfwf/x? 5g\ . ljutdf s'g} a]nf hgtfsf]ax'bnLo hgjfb k|rf/fTds gf/f lyof]t/ olta]nf of] sf/jfxLsf] ljifo ag]sf]5 . hahn] g]kfnL ljz]iftf cg';f/hgjfbL sfo{qmdsf] r/0fnfO{ tLgj6f

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x/]s ;f‘em lrNnfpg] u5{g\,a'9fa'9Ln] g} lkPsf x'G5g\ . dfq} sxf‘uP/ vfO;\ eGg] z+sf x'G5 . em08};f7L k'u]h:tf nfUg] pgLx? b'a}nfO{k/k'?if / k/:qL;‘u a;]/ lkPsf]z+sfdf s'6fs'6 k5{ . pgLx?;‘u ;fgL5f]/L 5] pgLx?sf] n8fO‘ x]5]{, emu8f;'G5] dfq} .

a'9L klxNo} lkP/ cfPkl5 a'9fnfO{aflx/} /fv]/ sf]7f aGb x'G5 . …olt/flt;Dd lsg cfOg;\ . htf;'s} hf,h];'s} vf .Ú clg a'9f klxNo} cfP eg]…3/ pHofnf] ug]{ cfOdfO sf‘ uP/sf]l;t d:tL u/]/ x/fO;\Ú h:tf ;'Gg}g;lsg] zAbx? dfq}sf] wf/fk|jfx . s;}n]pgLx?sf] ljifodf rf;f] lnP csf{ 3/sf]tnfO‘ s] dtna 5 eG5g\ . a6'jfn]gkrfpg] Jojxf/ k|bz{g u5{g\ . Pscsf{ la?4sf] k|df0f h'6fpglt/nflu/xG5g\ . c? eGbf pgLx?nfO{

efjgfsf] ckdfg u/]sf] 7x5{ . nfdf] ;dosf]s7f]/ ;+3if{ / tdfd zxLbx?sf] alnbfgsf]hudf lgdf{0f ePsf] of] zlQmnfO{ b]z /hgtfsf] ;]jfsf] nflu k|of]u ug{] ls cfkm\gf]AolQmut :jfy{, u'6ut :jfy{ / dxTjfsf+Iffk"/f ug{] xltof/sf] ?kdf pkof]u ug{] < oLb'O{ laNs'n} ljk/Lt k|a [lQx? x'g\ . klxnf]k|a[lQn] of] d'n'snfO{ ;dfhjfbsf] lbzfdfcl3 a9fp‘5 eg] bf];|f] k|a[lQn] of] kf6L{nfO{cGttM k"‘hLjfbL kf6L{sf] ?kdf ktg u/fpg]5 .

;kmn g]tf Tof] xf] h;n] kf6L{leqsf]cGt/la/f]wnfO{ 7Ls lsl;dn] ;dfwfg ug{;S5 . dxfg g]tf Tof] xf] h;n] cfkm\gf]kf6L{sf] ;fy} l;+uf] g]kfnL ;dfhsf cGtla{/f]w;dfwfg u/]/ d'n'snfO{ cl3 a9fpg ;S5 .kf6L{ rnfpg' eg]sf] ;f/df Toxf‘leqsf;d:ofnfO{ xn ub{} hfg' xf] . lxhf] sf]xLu'6sf] g]tf lyof] eg] klg p;n] cfkm"nfO{?kfGt/0f ug{ ;Sg'k5{ . hf] oyfl:yltdf/xG5 p;n] k|ult ug{ ;Sb}g, ?kfGt/0fx'g ;Sg]n] dfq cfkm\gf] / d'n'ssf] ljsf;

u[xsfo{ / g]t[Tjsf] aLrdf ;xdltsfod u/]/ s]Gb|Lo sld6Lsf] a}7sdfk|:t't x'g ;s] To;n] tnsf] kª\ltnfO{;d]t Pstfa4 kfg{] 5 . s]Gb|Losld6Lsf ;b:ox?sf] plrt lsl;dsf]sfo{ ljefhg, :yfoL sld6L /kf]ln6Ao"/f]sf] u7g, s]Gb|Lo ;Nnfxsf/kl/ifbsf], /fli6«o k|ltlglw kl/ifbsf],c~rn ;dGjo sld6L / s]Gb|Loljefux?sf] u7g ubf{ plrt lsl;dsf]lg0f{o ug{ ;lsof] eg] kf6L{ Pstfa4x'g]5 . k"jf{u|xsf] cfwf/df Pp6f dxTjk"0f{kª\ltnfO{ kfvf kfl/of] eg] tL ;a}cfk;df cnUu} ;+ul7t x'g] / lab|f]xsf]em08f p7fpg yfNg] 5g\ . To;}n] cToGta'l4dfgLk"0f{ t/Lsfn] of] ;d:ofsf];dfwfg vf]Hg'k5{ .

kf6L{leq b]z / hgtfsf] lrGtflnP/ To;sf] nflu ;dlk{t Pp6fdxTjk"0f{ kª\lt lqmofzLn 5 eg] csf{]lt/kf6L{sf] zlQmnfO{ cfkm\gf] :jfy{sf] nfluk|of]u ug{]x?sf] ;+Vof a9\b} uPsf] 5 .bf];|f] kª\lt a9\b} hfg' eg]sf] kf6L{ cGttMla36g eP/ ;dfKt x'g' xf] . klxnf]kª\lt a9\b} uof] eg] dfq of] kf6L{n] b]z/ hgtfsf] ;]jfdf of]ubfg k'¥ofpg;S5 .

kf6L{leq cfkm\gf cfnf]rsx?nfO{lgif]w ug{ ] t/Lsf ckgfpg] ls pgLx?nfO{klg ;d]6]/ cl3 a9\g] < lgif]w ug{] t/Lsf…dfcf]jfbLÚ t/Lsf xf] eg] ;xdltsf ;fycl3 a9\g] t/Lsf hgtfsf] ax'bnLohgjfbL t/Lsf xf] . kf6L{df PSn} lg0f{ou/]/ cl3 a9\g] ls ;fd"lxs lg0f{osfcfwf/df cl3 a9\g] < PSn} cl3 a9'g]t/Lsf k~rfotL t/Lsf xf] eg] ;fd"lxslg0f{osf cfwf/df cl3 a9\g] sDo'lg:6t/Lsf xf] . g]t[Tj s:tf] t/Lsfaf6 cl3a9\g rfxG5, To;}df kf6L{sf] eljio lge{/5 . s]xL lbgcl3 ljleGg lhNnfdf;'s'Daf;L ;d:of ;dfwfg cfof]uagfOof] . ;+;bsf ;ldltsf ;efkltx?agfOof] . cf7hgf ;ef;bsf] l;kmfl/;ul/of] . oL sfdx? ubf{ ;xdlt /;fd"lxs lg0f{onfO{ 7f8} nTofpg] uDeL/uNtL eof] . lgo'lQm kfPsf JolQmx?sfaf/]df s]xL eGg' 5}g t/ kl/kf6L s:tf]a;fpg] < of] cToGt uDeL/ ljifo xf] .pko{'Qm 36gfn] kf6L{ kª\ltleq kf6L{g]t[Tjsf] sfo{z}nLaf/] Jofks cfz+sfpTkGg ePsf] 5 . ljutdf /fhf /dfcf]jfbLsf] 808faf6 g8/fPsfsfo{stf{x? g]t[Tjsf] 808faf6 lsdfy{8/fp‘b}gg\ . of] s'/f ;a}n] a'em\g' h?/L5 . u'6ut :jfy{ 5f8f}+ . kf6L{ alnof]agfcf}+ . ;dod} ;+lawfg agfcf}+ / b]zagfcf}+ . tadfq oltsf jif{ sDo'lgi6kf6L{df nfu]sf] ;fy{stf l;4 x'g]5 .

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g]skf -Pdfn]_ / d'n'ss} ;fd' clxn]tLgj6f dxTjk"0f{ sfo{ef/x? b]vfk/]sf 5g\ .klxnf], gof‘ ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fsf] sfd, bf];|f]:yfgLo lgsfosf] lgjf{rg / t];|f] cfufdL;+;bsf] lgjf{rg . pko'{Qm tLgj6f dxTjk"0f{sfddf g]skf -Pdfn]_sf] e"ldsf s:tf] x'G5< To;}df of] kf6L{sf] eljio lgwf{/0f x'g]5 .;+ljwfg lgdf{0fsf] sfd Pdfn]sf] dfq geP/cGo k|d'v /fhgLlts kf6L{sf] klg plQs}

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vf]Hg] / Jojl:yt u/] ;|f]t k|z:t 5g\ . bªfnLnfO{ vfg]kfgL k|z:t k'U5 . To;sf nflu d'xfgx?sf] ;+/If0f ug{ hfGg'k¥of] . ;Defjgf k|z:t ePsf d'xfgdf ;/sf/n] nufgL ug{ ;Sg'k¥of] . kfgLsf] cj:yf, To;n] wfGg ;Sg] Ifdtf, k'Ug ;Sg] e"uf]nsf] cWoog u/L j}1flgs of]hgf agfpg ;s] ;|f]tsf] sdL 5}g . o; ;DjGwdf s;}nfO{ rf;} 5}g .dxf;+3df lhNnfsf sltj6f pkef]Qmf ;ldltx? /x]sf 5g lg <

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Tof] ;ldltleq pgLx?sf] s'/f gldn]sf] klg 5 . sltko 7fp“df ;ldltnfO{ pkef]Qmfn] g6]/]sf] klg xf] . bftfx?n] of]hgf ;DkGg u5{g\ . ;ldlt agfOlbG5g\ . To;nfO{ kms]{/ x]b}{gg\ . klxnf–klxnf Pglhcf] cfO{Pglhcf]n] of]hgf ;DkGg ulb{g], ;ldlt agfOlbg] kms]{{/ gx]g]{ u/] . c?n] agfOlbPsf] of]hgf pkef]Qmfn] cfkm\gf] nflu xf] eGg] g;Demg] r]tgfsf] sdL b]lvof] . 6'6 km'6 / lau|] eTs]kl5 xfd|f] eGg] efjgfn] dd{t / ;+/If0f ePg . kl5Nnf r/0fsf of]hgfdf hg;xeflutf 5 . ca dxf;++3n] cfj4 ;ldltx?nfO{ a]jfl/;] 5f]8\b}g . ;Dks{df /x]/ lqmofzLn agfO/xG5 . ;“u;“u} /x]/ sfd u5{ . pgLx?sf ;d:ofx? ;DalGwt lgsfo;Dd n}hfG5 . kfgL vfg gkfpg] cj:yf /xg lbGg .kfgL k|z:t eP/ klg ;lhnf] u/L z'4 vfg gkfpg'sf] sf/0f s] b]Vg'ePsf] 5 <

w]/} 5g\ . ;ldlt ;lqmo gx'g', pkef]Qmfdf xfd|f] d'xfg ;kmf x'g'k5{ eGg] r]tgf gx'g' b]v]sf] 5' . vfg]kfgL dxf;+3 :jR5 vfg]kfgL vfg kfpg\ eGgsf nflu :yfkgf ePsf] xf] . 3/ 3/df z'4 / ;kmf vfg]kfgL vfpg\ eGgsf nflu lg/Gt/ cufl8 a9]sf] 5 . d'xfgsf] ;/;kmfO 5}g . b'u{Gw 5 . a:tL k'5f/df /x]sf] d'xfg j/k/ lb;f lk;fj u5{g\ . ljBfno jf

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cfpg'k¥of] . ;fgf] 7"nf] ;a} of]hgfx? dxf;+3df cfpg'k5{ . xfd|f] dxf;+3 8n/ / 8f]n/d'vL xf]Og . o;nfO{ To;/L x]lb{g' ePg . s'g} z+sf u/]/ ;dfj]z gx'g' ePg . of] pkef]Qmf ;ldltsf] 5ftf ;+u7g xf] . ef]ln h'g ;ldltsf] JolQm klg dxf;+3df cfpg;S5 . pkef]Qmf ;ldltdfkm{t kfgL vf“bf;Dd of] /xG5 . ;ldltdf cfpg klg wf} 5}g . 5ftf ;+u7gn] ;+/If0f u5{ . ;ldltx?df cfpg]nfO{ cfkbljkb kbf{ ;xof]u u5{ . s'g 7fp“sf] s'g lgsfodf k'u]kl5 ;ldlt ;'/lIft x'G5g\ Tof] 7fp“df k'U5f}+ . kfOk gk'u] sxf“af6 kfOG5 < dd{t ug'{kg]{, ah]6 ck'u ePsf], Tof] ;a} sfd cfa4 ePkl5 k}/jL u5f}{+ .v'nf lb;fd'Qm lhNnf 3f]if0ff ul/of], ;/;kmfOsf] cj:yf s] 5 lg <

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xfdLn] w]/} ljBfnodf k'u]/ wf/f, rkL{, ljBfno kl/;/ x]/]sf lyof}+ . To; a]nf bogLo cj:yf b]Vof}+ . s]xL ljBfno b'u{lGwt b]Vof}+ . st} kfgL cefj st} 5n5n au]sf] . rkL{df 9'+uf O“6f sfuh kf]sf e]l6of] . slt 7fp“df ;o hgf ljBfyL{sf] Pp6} zf}rfno b]lvof] . st} lzIfs lzlIfsfsf] / ljBfyL{sf] km/s blvof] . hxf“ lzIfs / ljBfyL{sf km/s zf}rfno e]l6P Tof] ljBfno w]/} kmf]x/ e]l6P . ;/ d]8d cfpg] 8/n] klg rkL{ ;kmf u/]sf e]6fof}+ . dlxgfaf/L ePsf] a]nfdf 5fqfn] ljBfno 5f]8]sf b]lvP . Kof8 km]g]{ 7fp“ 5}g . ;kmf ug]{ kfgL 5}g .

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kmf]g M )*@–%^@(*#, df]= (*$&*&&!!$

;d:of cg]s † pkrf/ s]Gb| Ps †

8f= åf/f lbOg] ;]jfx? M of}g M zL3| ktg, wft' v:g], of}g ;Gt'li6df sdL, pd]/ cg';f/sf] of}g c+usf] ljsf; gePsf], ln+u pQ]hgf gx'g], ;]tf] kfgL aUg], of}gL lrnfpg], tNnf] k]6 b'Vg], dlxgfjf/L u8a8L, :tg ;fgf] 7"nf] ePsf], of}g c+usf] ljsf; gePsf], l;kmln;, ugf]l/of tyf cGo of}ghGo /f]ux? / xdf]{gn ;d:ofsf] ;kmn pkrf/ . 5fnf M cg'xf/df ePsf sf]7L, bfu, rfof“, sfnf]kf]tf], 8l08kmf]/, ;]tf] b'aL, df;' knfPsf], d';f, skfn emg]{, rfof“ kg]{, PnhL{nufot cGo 5fnfhGo /f]ux?sf] ;kmn pkrf/ . lgM;Gtfgkg M dlxnf tyf k'?ifdf x'g] lgM;Gtfgkg -af“emf]kg_ sf] ljz]if k/fdz{ tyf pkrf/ ;]jf . cGo M Uofli6«s, cN;/, lk;fa kf]Ng], kfoN;, ;'u/, dfgl;s 8/, eo, lbdfusf] af]wf]kg, lg/fzf lvGgtf, s'nt -hf“8, /S;L, r'/f]6 cflb_ ;d:ofsf] pkrf/ .

o'uaf]w ;dfrf/bftf

3f]/fxL, @# ebf} . /fKtL c~rn ;fj{hlgs oftfoft Joj;foL ;ldlt bfªn] xfn} ;DkGg g]kfn oftfoft Joj;foL /fli6«o dxf;+3sf] lgjf{rgaf6 dxf;+3sf] pkdxf;lrjdf lgjf{lrt ;'/]z xdfn / /fKtL c~rn ;+of]hsdf lgjf{lrt e/tgfy of]uLnfO{ :jfut tyf awfO 1fkg u/]sf] 5 . ;ldltn] ;f]djf/ k|wfg sfof{no t'n;Lk'/df sfo{qmd cfof]hgf u/L :jfut tyf awfO 1fkg

u/]sf] xf] . ;ldltsf sfof{no k|d'v 8f=

nf]s/fh k/fh'nLsf] cWoIftfdf ePsf] sfo{qmddf ;ldltsf k|zf;sLo clws[t ;Ltf/fd zdf{ cfrfo{, ljdf clws[t nId0f v8\sf, sDo'6/ clws[t ljdns'df/ u'Ktf / n]vf clws[t r"0f{axfb'/ s];Ln] af]Ng'ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf ;ldltsf k|zf;lgs ;lrj xdfn / jl/i7 pkfWoIf of]uLnfO{ clj/ / km"ndfnfn] :jfut ul/Psf] lyof] .

o;}aLr 3f]/fxL–t'n;Lk'/ nf]sn

oftfoft Joj:yfkg / lg/LIf0f ug{ /fKtL ;ldlt, clDas]Zj/L ;ldlt / t'n;Lk'/ 6]S;L ;ldltaLr lqkIfLo a}7s ;DkGg ePsf] 5 .

/fKtL ;ldltsf k|zf;lgs ;lrj ;'/]z xdfnsf] cWoIftfdf a;]sf] a}7sn] tLg ;b:oLo sld6L u7g u/]sf] 5 . sld6Ldf /fKtL ;ldltsf lbjfs/ Gof}kfg], clDas]Zj/L ;ldltsf k|jL0f e08f/L / t'n;Lk'/ 6]S;L ;ldltsf kjg a'9fyf]sL /xg'ePsf] 5 . ;ldltn] cfh d+unjf/b]lv sfd yfNg] 5 .

xdfn / of]uLnfO{ :jfut o'uaf]w ;dfrf/bftf

3f]/fxL, @# ebf} . cgf}krfl/s If]q ;]jf s]Gb| -OG;]s_ sf] kxndf pRr dflj lg3'jf/df afnclwsf/ r]tgf ;d"x u7g ul/Psf] 5 .

pRr dflj xfk'/ lg3'jf/sf ljBfno Joj:yfkg ;ldltsf cWoIf /fhg uf}td tyf

ljBfnosf k|frfo{ s[i0fk|;fb uf}tdsf] k|d'v cfltYotfdf ePsf] cGtlqm{ofdf sIff ^ b]lv ( ;Ddsf ljBfyL{x?sf] ;xeflutf lyof] . ;f] cj;/df cf:yf nD;fnsf] cWoIftfdf !! ;b:oLo afnclwsf/ r]tgf ;d"x u7g ul/Psf] 5 . ;d"xsf] k|wfg ;+/Ifsdf s[i0fk|;fb uf}td, ;+/Ifs lzIfsdf ljdn

afnclwsf/ r]tgf ;d"x u7gGof}kfg] /xg'ePsf] 5 .

sfo{qmddf ljBfno Joj:yfkg ;ldltsf cWoIf /fhg uf}td, k|frfo{, s[i0fk|;fb uf}td, ;xfos k|frfo{ l8NnL axfb'/ 8f“uL, ljBfno Joj:yfkg ;ldltsf ;b:o eLdjxfb'/ las nufotn] af]Ng'ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmdsf] ;xhLs/0f OG;]ssL lzjf rf}w/Ln] ug'{ePsf] lyof] .

To;}u/L pRr dflj xfk'/ ljhf}/Ldf klg afnclwsf/

r]tgf ;d"x u7g ul/Psf] 5 .

pRr dflj xfk'/ ljhf}/Lsf] ljBfno Joj:yfkg ;ldltsf ;b:o b]jf s];Lsf] cWoIftf tyf ljBfnosf k|frfo{ dfwjk|;fb Gof}kfg]sf] k|d'v cfltYotfdf ePsf] sfo{qmddf sIff ^ b]lv ( ;Ddsf ljBfyL{x?sf] ;xeflutf lyof] . ;f] cj;/df ;kgf ljssf] cWoIftfdf !! ;b:oLo afnclwsf/ r]tgf ;d"x u7g ul/Psf] lyof] .

& ;dfrf/d+unjf/, @$ ebf} @)&!

bfª lhNnf vf;u/L gf/fo0fk'/ ahf/ Pj+ :yfgLo ljBfnosf ;fy} lg3'jf/

ljBfnosf] ;d]t :yfkgf sfnb]lv xfn;Ddsf ljleGg r/0fdf ef}lts k"jf{wf/ ljsf;

/ z}lIfs :t/ a[l4sf sfdx?df ;lqmo?kdf ;xof]uL /xL a[4 ;]jf ;ldlt g]kfn,

gf/fo0fk'/sf] :yfkgf ug'{sf ;fy} sltko wfld{s Pj+ ;fdflhs sfo{x?df ;w} ;lqmo

/xg] lgM:jfy{ ;dfh;]jL, bfª xfk'/ lg3'jf/ lgjf;L xfd|f cfb/0fLo dfdf >Lnf]rg nfld5fg]sf] oxL >fj0f @& ut] d+unjf/ tyf pxf“sL wd{;+lugL clDasfb]jL nfld5fg]sf] klg oxL efb| !& ut] d+unjf/sf lbg b'Mvb lgwg ePsf]n] xfdL cToGt

ddf{xt / zf]s;GtKt 5f}+ . :ju{af;L b'a} cfTdfsf] lr/zflGtsf] sfdgf ub}{ bf]xf]/f] zf]sdf

8'a]sf xfd|f ;Dk"0f{ dfjnLx?k|lt xflb{s ;dj]bgf k|s6 ub{5f}+ .

efGh–a'xf/L M 6+s]Zj/ /hf}/]–lzjf /hf}/]

3f]/fxL g=kf=–!!, bfª8f= b|f]0fk|;fb /hf}/]–zf]ef /hf}/]

;fg]kf, sf7df8f}+

hGdM!(*# ;fn a}zfv

:juf{/f]x0f M@)&!.)$.@&

xflb{s ;dj]bgf

hGdM!((& ;fn kf}if

:juf{/f]x0f M@)&!.)%.!&

:j= >Lnf]rg nfld5fg] :j= clDasfb]jL nfld5fg]

efGhL–h'jfO“ M 3gfb]jL /]UdL -sflnsf_t'n;Lk'/ g=kf=–^, bfª

;Ltfb]jL cfrfo{–b]jLk|;fb cfrfo{dfgk'/–$ nxnf}/f, bfª

ljBf nD;fn–s[i0fk|;fb nD;fn3f]/fxL–!! e/tk'/, bfª

cfof] 6Kk l6Kof] nUof] ldlt k'Uof] 6f/]/ 6b}{g Tof] .OGb|} ljGtL u?g\ em's]/ kbdf Tof] ljGtL dfGb}g Tof] ..

o; ;dfhsf sf]iffWoIf df]xg lai6sf k'hgLo lktf Pj+ lai6 ;dfhsf jof]a[4 Ho]i7

;b:o 3f]/fxL–!! cfbz{ 6f]n lgjf;L u~haxfb'/ lai6sf] @)&! efb| !^ ut] ($ jif{sf]

pd]/df ePsf] lgwgn] ;dfhnfO{ Ho]i7 ;b:o u'dfpg' kbf{ ck"/0fLo Iflt ePsf] dx;';

u/]sf 5f}+ . b'Mvsf] o; 38Ldf pxf“sf] cfTdfsf] a}s'07af;sf] sfdgf ub}{ zf]sfs"n

kl/jf/hgdf zf]s ;xg] zlQm ldnf];\ egL xflb{s ;dj]bgf k|s6 ub{5f}+ .

u~haxfb'/ lai6 -cWoIf_df]tL/fd lai6 -;lrj_

Pj+lai6 j+zfjnL ;dfh kl/jf/, bfª

d[To' M

@)&!.)%.!^

hGdM

!(&& ;fn

xflb{s ;dj]bgf

s'naxfb'/ lai6 -pkfWoIf_o1axfb'/ lai6 -;x–;lrj_

;b:ox?/Tgaxfb'/ lai6 v8\saxfb'/ lai6 uf]kfn lai6bf]dfsfGt lai6 zf]kaxfb'/ lai6 x's'daxfb'/ lai6ltnsaxfb'/ lai6 lzjnfn lai6 s[i0faxfb'/ lai66+saxfb'/ lai6;Nnfxsf/x? M t'sdfg lai6, 8Da/axfb'/ lai6, eQmaxfb'/ lai6, ?b|axfb'/ lai6

lgdGq0ff M ldlt @)&! efb| @$ ut] bzf}+ lbgsf] k'0oltlydf pxf“sf] lgjf;df pkl:yt eOlbg'x'g ;Dk"0f{ lai6 bfh'efO, lbbLalxgLx?df lgdGq0ff ub{5f}+ .

;dj]bgfo; gf/L ljsf; ;d"xsL ;b:o dLgf

lai6sf ;;'/f u~haxfb'/ lai6sf] @)&! ebf} !^ ut] ($ jif{sf] pd]/df ePsf] c;fdlos lgwgn] xfdL ddf{xt Pj+ :tAw ePsf 5f}+ . b'Mvsf] o; 38Ldf lbj+ut cfTdfsf] lr/zflGtsf] sfdgf ub}{ zf]s;GtKt kl/jf/hgk|lt ulx/f] ;dj]bgf k|s6 ub{5f}+ .

Pj+ gf/L ljsf; ;d"x kl/jf/lvdf kf}8]n -cWoIf_

/tgk'/, bfª

o'uaf]w ;dfrf/bftf

Ko'7fg, @# ebf} . t?0f bn Ko'7fgsf lhNnf ;b:o ;gt >]i7dfly v's'/L k|xf/ ug]{ Pdfn] sfo{stf{dfly sf/jfxLsf] dfu ub}{ t?0fbn Ko'7fgn] clglZrtsfnLg lhNnf aGb u/]sf] 5 .

bfvfSjf8L–r]/g]6f ;8s v08df o'ykmf];{sf sfo{stf{x?n] >]i7dfly v's'/L k|xf/ ubf{ >]i7 uDeL/ 3fOt] x'g' ePsf] 5 . xft tyf v'§fdf u/L rf/ 7fp“df uDeL/ rf]6 nfu]sf >]i7sf] lhNnf c:ktfn Ko'7fgdf pkrf/ ;Dea gePkl5 sf7df8f}+ l/km/ ul/Psf] sf+u|]; lhNnf ;efklt ;'jf; s];Ln] atfpg' eof] .

;fd"lxs cfqmd0fdf ;+nUg o'ykmf];{ sfo{stf{

kqmfp gk/];Dd cfkm\gf] aGb sfo{qmd lg/Gt/ rNg] t?0f bn Ko'7fgsf sfo{jfxs cWoIf dfwj e08f/Ln] atfpg'eof] . k|f/lDes cg';Gwfgsf qmddf /DbL–! ltu|fsf Pdfn] sfo{stf{ bLks ;fksf]6fsf] 6f]nLn] >]i7dfly cfqmd0f u/]sf] v'Ng cfPsf] >]i7sf cfkm\Gt ljho >]i7n] 3fOt]nfO{ pw[t ub}{ atfpg' ePsf] 5 . lhNnf k|x/L sfof{noaf6 vl6Psf] k|x/L 6fnLn] clxn];Dd 36gfdf ;+nUg ePsf] cfz+sfdf b'O{j6f df]6/;fOsn / s]xL o'jfnfO{ lgoGq0fdf lnO{ ;f]wk'5 u/]sf] 5 . cfkmd0f ug]{sf] vf]hL sfo{ tLa| kfl/Psf] k|x/L k|d'v bLks /]UdLn] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . rf8kj{ glhlsP;“u} ePsf] clgZrtsfnLg aGbsf] df/df ;a{;fwf/0f k/]sf 5g\ .

af“s], @# ebf} -o';_– pgLx? cfkm} ;/sf/n] lbPsf] …l;bfÚ af6 af“lr/x]sf 5g\ . cfkm} …k/lge{/tfÚ df af“r]sf ltg} AolQmx?n] af9L kLl8tnfO{ ;xof]u u/]/ pbfx/0fLo sfd u/]sf 5g\ .

g]kfnu~h sf/fuf/df /x]sf s}bLx?n] uf; sf6]/ af9L kLl8tnfO{ ;xof]u u/]sf x'g\ . ;/sf/af6 b}lgs ;ft ;o u|fd rfdn kfpg] s}bLx?n] k|ltAolQm Ps lsnf] ^ ;o u|fd p7fp/ ;f9] ;ft SjLG6n rfdn af9L kLl8tnfO{ lbPsf 5g\ . s}bLx?n] ;xfos k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L s[i0fk|;fb cfrfo{dfkm{t lhNnf b}jL k|sf]k p4f/ ;ldltdf rfdn k7fPsf 5g\ .

h]n/ Zofdk|;fb nfld5fg]sf cg';f/ s}bLx?n] b}lgs ;o u||fdsf b/n] !^ lbg;Dd rfdn ;+sng u/]/ ;xof]u u/]sf x'g\ . g]kfnu~h sf/fuf/df afnaflnsf;lxt rf/ ;o &@ hgf s}bL÷aGbL /x]sf 5g\ .

o'uaf]w ;dfrf/bftf

3f]/fxL, @@ ebf} . bfª o'jf d~rsf] cfof]hgfdf cfp“bf] c;f]h ^ ut]b]lv !@ ut];Dd 3f]/fxL If]qdf ljz]if ;fdflhs cleofg ;~rfng x'g] ePsf] 5 .

bfªdf lqmofzLn ;a}h;f] ;fdflhs ;+3;+:yf / ;+3;+u7gx?sf] ;xeflutfdf ;~rfng ug{ nfluPsf] ljz]if ;fdflhs cleofgsf qmddf 3f]/fxL ahf/, c:ktfn, d7dlGb/sf] ;/;kmfO, vf]nfx?sf] shj]sf] ;/;kmfO, ljleGg v]ns"b k|ltof]lutf, ljkGg afnaflnsfnfO{ z}lIfs ;fdu|L ljt/0f, c;xfo a[\4a[4fx?nfO{ ;xof]u ;fdu|L ljt/0f, cGtlqm{of / z'esfdgf cfbfgk|bfg sfo{qmd ;~rfng ul/g]5 .

o;sf nflu sfo{qmdnfO{ Jojl:yt agfpg gu/kflnsf, pBf]u jfl0fHo ;+3, g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3, lhNnf af/, lqe'jggu/ h];Lh / lhNnfsf /fhgLlts bnx?sf o'jf, ljBfyL{ ;+u7gx?, ;fdflhs ;+3;+:yfx?, lzIf0f ;+:yf Pj+ ljleGg pBf]uL, Jofj;flos kmd{x?nfO{ ;d]t cleofgsf] ;xofqL agfpgsf nflu o'jf d~rn] d+unaf/ laxfg * ah] 3f]/fxL :ju{åf/L PkmPd /f]8l:yt P6 j Sns /]i6'/]G6df 5nkmn sfo{qmd cfof]hgf u/]sf] 5 . 5nkmn sfo{qmddf ;/f]sf/jfnf lgsfosf k|ltlglwx?sf] ;Nnfx / ;'emfjsf cfwf/df ;fdflhs cleofg sfo{qmdsf] sfo{tflnsf agfOg] bfª o'jf d~rsf ;~rf/ ;+of]hs ;'jf; l8;Ln] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] .

o'jfx?n] ;fdflhs cleofg rnfpg] cfqmd0fsf] la/f]wdf Ko'7fg aGb

s}bLn] klg lbP af9L kLl8tnfO{ ;xof]u

;dj]bgfP=g]=s=kf= dfcf]jfbL ;}3f ufp“ sld6Lsf

;b:o z]/axfb'/ 3tL{ -;'gLn_, kf6L{ ;b:o dfgaxfb'/ 3tL{, 8Da/axfb'/ 3tL{sf k'hgLo lktf uf]s'n 3tL{sf] @)&! ebf} !% ut] &% jif{sf] pd]/df ePsf] c;fdlos lgwgn] xfdL :tAw ePsf 5f}+ . b'Mvsf] o; 38Ldf lbj+ut cfTdfsf] lr/zflGtsf] sfdgf ub}{ xflb{s >4f~hnL ck{0f ub{5f}+ ;fy} zf]s;GtKt kl/jf/hgk|lt ulx/f] ;dj]bgf k|s6 ub{5f}+ .

Pj+ P=g]=s=kf= dfcf]jfbL ;}3f ufp“ sld6L kl/jf/, bfª

pbo lj=s= -cWoIf_h+uaxfb'/ /f]sf -;lrj_

hGd M !((^ ;fnd[To' M @)&!.)%.!%

cGt/f{li6«o

j]Olhª, @# ebf} . cufdL gf]e]Da/df x'g uO/x]sf] cd]l/sL /fi6«klt af/fs cf]afdfsf] rLg e|d0fsf] tof/Lsf nflu x\jfO6 xfp;sL /fli6«o ;'/Iff ;Nnfxsf/ j]Olhª k'Ug'ePsf] 5 .

cd]l/sfsf] x\jfO6 xfp;sf ;'/Iff ;Nnfxsf/ ;';fg /fO;nfO{ rLgsf ;dsIfL /fli6«o ;'/Iff kl/ifb\ k|d'v ofª\u lhPrLn] klZrdL j]Olhªl:yt lbofcf]tfO{ /fli6«o cltlyu[xdf eJo :jfut ug'{ePsf] 5 .

/fO; tLglbg] e|d0fsf] l;nl;nfdf a]Olhª cfOk'Ug'ePsf] 5 . s]xL lbgcl3 dfq blIf0fL rLg ;fu/dflysf] cfsfzdf

cd]l/sL / lrlgof“ jfo';]gfsf ljdfg Ps cfk;df 7Ss/ vfgaf6 ar]sf] lyof] .

;f] 36gfnfO{ lnP/ b'O{ d''n'saLr vnjn dlRrPsf] dfldnfnfO{ ;Daf]wg u/L Go"gLs/0f ug{ ;d]t /fO;sf] dg;fo ePsf] atfOPsf] 5 .

/fi6«klt cf]afdf / lrlgof“ ;dsIfL l; lhglkª\uaLr cfufdL gf]e]Da/df åLkIfLo cfk;L lxtnufot cGo cf}Bf]lus Jofkfl/s, ;fdl/s OTofbL ljifodf uEfL/ 5nkmn x'g] atfOG5 .

/fO;n] rLgsf /Iff / ljb]z dGqL:t/Lo jftf{ ;d]t ug{'x'g] hgfOPsf] 5 .

–/f;;÷PkL

/fi6«klt e|d0fsf] tof/L

o'uaf]w ;dfr/fbftf

3f]/fxL, @# ebf} . clDas]Zj/L lhNnf ;xsf/L ;+3sf] cfof]hgf / hLcfOh]8 g]kfnu~hsf] ;xof]udf ;f]djf/ 3f]/fxLdf cGtlqm{of ul/Psf] 5 .

;xsf/L ;+:yfx?sf] cfjZostf / ;+:yf ;~rfngsf ;d:ofx?sf af/]df ;d"xut ?kdf 5nkmn u/L cfjZostf klxrfg ul/Psf] lyof] sfo{qmddf 3f]/fxL gu/kflnsf / ;f]] cf;kf;sf #* j6f ;xsf/L ;+3÷;+:yfx?sf] ;xeflutf lyof] .

clDas]Zj/L lhNnf ;xsf/L ;+3sf cWoIf l8NnLaxfb'/

v8\sfsf] cWoIftfdf ePsf] sfo{qmdsf] ;xhLs/0f c~hgs'df/ kf}8]nn] ug'{ePsf] lyof] . :jfut dGtJo ;+3sf pkfWoIf b|f]kbf Gof}kfg]n] JoQm ug'{ePsf] lyof] .

;d"xut 5nkmndf ;fem]bf/L art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yfsf cWoIf s[i0fk|;fb zdf{, ;f}efUo dlxnf art tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yfsf Joj:yfks ;'ifdf l3ld/] / pkef]Qmf ;xsf/L ;+3sf ;lrj z]if'/fd e08f/Ln] efu lng'ePsf] lyof] . 5nkmnaf6 cfPsf a'“bfx?sf] lgrf]8 s[lif ;xsf/L ;+3sf cWoIf uf]ljGbk|;fb zdf{n] k|:t't ug'{ePsf] lyof] .

;xsf/Lsf] cfjZostf klxrfg ug{ 5nkmn

3f]/fxL, @# ebf} -o';_– If]qL ;dfh bfªn] ljleGg dfu /fv]/ k|wfgdGqLnfO{ 1fkgkq k7fPsf] 5 . lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no bfªdfkm{t ;f]djf/ 1fkgkq k|wfgdGqLnfO{ k7fOPsf] xf] .

;dfhsf cWoIf odfgGb lh;Ln] k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L lbg]z e§/fO{nfO{ 1fkgkq x:tfGt/0f ug'{ePsf] lyof] eg] k|lhc e§/fO{n] 1fkgkq k|wfgdGqL sfof{nodf k7fOlbg] k|lta4tf hgfpg' ePsf] lyof] .

1fkgkqdf klxrfgsf] gfddf wd{, efiff / hfltsf] uGw cfpg] s'g} klg k|sf/sf] /fHo k'gM;+/rgf u/fpg gx'g], /fHo k'gM;+/rgf ef}uf]lns lgs6tf, k|zf;lgs cg's"ntf, ;|f]t / ;fwgsf] pknAwtf, cfly{s ;DefJotfsf] cfwf/df ul/g'kg]{, If]qL hfltnfO{ cflbjf;L hghfltdf ;"rLs[t ug'{kg]{ nufotsf !^ a'‘b] dfux? pNn]v ul/Psf 5g\ .

If]qL ;dfhåf/f k|dnfO{ 1fkgkq

o'uaf]w ;dfrf/bftf

ndxL, @# ebf} . ;fd'bflos cWoogs]Gb| ;'g8j/L ;f]gk'/sf] cfof]hgfdf cGt/f{li6«o lzIff lbj;sf] cj;/df cIf/ n]vg k|ltof]lutf Pj+ k':ts ljt/0f sfo{qmd ;DkGg ePsf] 5 .

cWoog s]Gb|sf cWoIf nId0f kjgsf] cWoIFtfdf ePsf] sfo{qmddf k|d'v cltly uflj; ;lrj d+unk|;fb rf}w/L, ljlzi6 cltly :yfgLo ;dfh;]jL ;f]dgfy zdf{, g]qk|;fb zdf{, dbgs'df/ dhu}+of / ;'lgtf rf}w/Ln] af]Ng'ePsf] lyof] .

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