poster plea rynning

ReducingGreenhouseGasEmissionsfromUrbanMobility:ChangingTravelBehaviour

ThroughanInformedDesignProcessContext:Exploringtherela=onshipbetweentravelbehaviourandneighbourhooddesign

Designworkshopstoobserveprac==onersinac=on

Ahypothe=caldesignproject

MobilitywithinthedesignprocessMobilityobjec=vesandsolu=ons

Usingtheprac;cesandinsightsofurbandesignprofessionalstoexpandontheexis;ngresearch,weexplorethereciprocalrela;onshipbetweenthebuiltenvironmentandtravelbehaviourattheneighbourhoodlevel.However,thereisanimportantgapbetweenresearchandprac;ce.

CapaCity, a French research project, inves;gated theknowledge of urban professionals and the use of scien;ficresearch in their design prac;ces through a series ofworkshops.CapaCity’saimistostrengthenknowledge-transferbetween research and prac;ce. These workshops alsogeneratedinsightsinto:i)  How urban professionals consider and solve mobility

withinadesignprocessii)  Howthescien=ficevidencerelatestotheirknowledgeand

prac=ces

Howcanthedesignofaneighbourhoodencouragemodesofsustainablemobility?

?

Openthesitetoitssurroundingcontext,andinvitenon-inhabitantstocrossthesitetogettotransitstops§  Establishvisualandphysicalconnec;ons§  Createaproperandinvi;ngurbanfaçade§  Improvethepublicimageoftheneighbourhood

Priori=zepedestriansandcyclistsReducedistances§  Anintricatenetworkallowingdifferentroutes§  Publiclyaccessiblepathsbetweenbuildings§  Avoidbig,closed-offbuildinglots§  Avoidcon;nuousbuildingfacadesforeasysiteaccess

Enhancethefeelingofsafety§  Createinvi;ngstreetsandpublicplaces§  Placecommunitygardensanddwellingsalongstreetswith

car-trafficinordertocalmspeed§  Collec;veparkingatthesite’sentrancestoreduce

internaldriving

Accordingtotheliterature,internalandexternalconstraintsareelementsthatstructureadesignprocessandprovideadesignframework.Inaddi;on,thedesigner’sskills–theirsavoir-faire–playanimportantroleinthedirec;onaprojecttakes,andthefinaldecisionstheymake.

InternalConstraints§  Imposed,primarilyfromtheclient’sdemands

andobjec;ves.§  I.e.restrictednumberofparkingplaces

(0,5perdwellingfor400dwellings)

ExternalConstraints§  Theproject’scontext(physical,social,cultural,etc.)§  Establishedthroughspecificdesignchoices§  I.e.prioriAzingpedestrians,reducingcaruse

(establishedbythedesigners)

TheDesigners’Savoir-Faire§  Thesumofpreviousexperiences,acquiredknowledge,values,beliefs,anddesignprinciples§  Thedesigners’primarysourceofknowledgeandpoten;alsolu;ons,their”intellectualluggage”

(Lawson,2006)§  I.e.encouragingpeopletocrossthesiteinordertoincreasemetrousebyenhancingthepercievedsafety;

enhancinginternalcirculaAontostrengthensocialcohesion

Conclusion:Urbandesignprofessionalsholdvaluableinsightandknowledgetobefurtherexplored

§  Furtherexploringdesigners’savoir-fairemightenhanceourunderstandingofpeople’smobilitybehaviourattheneighbourhoodlevel,thusstrengtheningtheeffectofmeasuresandsolu;ons.Surveysandinterviewsareon-going.

§  Thefindings underline the importanceof a dialoguebetweenprac;ce and

researchinordertofacilitateatwo-wayknowledgetransfer.BeYerinsightsintodesignprac;ceswillalsobeasteptowardsthis.

§  The designers recognized interdependencies between elements,andconstantlyconsideredhowmobilitysolu;onsmightaffecttheoverallproject.

§  Several design solu;ons corresponded to the literature, butwererarelyiden;fiedassuch.

§  Mobilitywasseenasanindependentobjec;veandasameanstoenhanceliveabilityinaholis;capproachtothedesignproblem.

Mobilitywasbothaninternalandanexternalconstraint

Mobilityprovidedini=alstructuretothesiteandguidedtheprocess.

§  The designers seemingly knew how to use both physical and qualita;vemeasurestoencouragepar;cularmodesofmobility(i.e.walking)

§  They u;lized their exis;ng knowledge and land use strategies to affectmobilityonaneighbourhoodscale.

§  Thisindicatesthatthereciprocalrela;onshipbetweenlanduseandtravelbehaviour at the neighbourhood level can be a strategy for changingmobilitybehaviours

ReferencesMAJAKAROLINERYNNING1.  DARKE,J.,(1979).Theprimarygeneratorandthedesignprocess.DesignStudies,1:p.36-44.

2.  LAWSON,B.(2006).Howdesignersthink:thedesignprocessde@mysAfied,4thed.,ArchitecturalPress,Amsterdam.3.  KIRKEBY,I.M.,(2012).Omatskapearkitekfagligviten.NordicJournalofArchitectureResearch,24:p.70-90.4.  ELIASSON,I.,(2000).Theuseofclimateknowledgeinurbanplanning.LandscapeandUrbanPlanning,48:p.31-44.

UniversitédeToulouse,Toulouse,France

Two cohorts of Architects, Urban Designers and Planners, all without explicitmobilityexper;se,par;cipatedinworkshopsfocusingonclimateadapta;on.

Observa=onofmethods,approaches,useofknowledge

Addi=onalanalysisfocusingonmobilityanddesignprac=ces

Qualita=veanalysisofrecordingsandfindings

On-going urban renewal in Toulouse provided a case study that allowed CapaCity toobservedesignprac;cesandtheapplica;onofscien;ficknowledgeinadesignprocess.

Twohalf-days,18par=cipants