hoc exel co ban
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tài liệu học exelTRANSCRIPT
BAI 1 : CAC KHAI NIEM C BAN
Bai tap Tin Hoc Pho Thong
BAI 1 : CAC KHAI NIEM C BAN
I. Cong dung: Dung e x ly tnh toan cac loai bang tnh.II. Khi ong: Cho chay tap tin Excel.exeIII.Cau truc cua 1 tap tin bang tnh
Workbook la ten goi khac cua tap tin bang tnh.
Mot Workbook co nhieu sheet
Mot sheet co 256 cot x 65536 dong
O (cell) la giao cua cot va dong
Moi o co 1 a ch rieng
Vung la tap hp nhieu o lien tiep nhau
IV. a ch tng oi va a ch tuyet oi
a. /C tng oi la nhng a ch co the thay oi khi ta sao chep cong thc
VD: A1; A1:C5
b. /C tuyet oi la nhng a ch khong the thay oi khi ta sao chep cong thc
VD : $A$1; A$1; $A1; $A$1:$C$5
LU Y : Muon chuyen t a ch tng oi sang tuyet oi ta nhan phm F4
V. Cac kieu d lieu va phep toan- D lieu kieu so : co cac phep toan : ^ * / + - thc hien cac phep tnh tren nhng con so- D lieu kieu chuoi co phep toan : & e noi chuoi- D lieu kieu ngay co phep toan : + - Thc hien cac phep tnh oi vi cac d lieu kieu ngay- D lieu kieu logic co cac phep toan so sanh : Thc hien cac phep so sanh e tra ve gia tr TRUE (ung) hoac FALSE (Sai)
=
Bang
>=
Ln hn hoac bang
< >
Khac
Ln hn
=0)
V du : =SQRT(100)
3. INT(x)
Cong dung: Lay phan nguyen cua x (x ( R), phan nguyen cua x la so nguyen ln nhat va 0 va a (1)
V du: =log(2,2) ( 1
=log(1,2) ( 0
13. LN(x)
Cong dung: Tnh logarit nepe cua x
V du: =ln(2) ( 0.693147181
14. EXP(x)
Cong dung: Tnh ex
V du: =exp(1) ( 2.71828
15. POWER(x,y)
Cong dung: Tnh xy
V du: =power(2,3) ( 8
16. PRODUCT(x,y,z,)
Cong dung: Tnh x.y.z.
V du: =product(1,2,3,4,5) ( 120
BAI 3 : HAM LOGIC
1. NOT(Bieu thc logic)
Cong dung: Phu nh 1 menh e logic
V du: =NOT(3=10) ( TRUE
2. AND(Bieu thc Logic1,bieu thc Logic 2,)
Cong dung: Tra ve gia tr True khi tat ca cac BT logic eu co gia tr true, ngc lai tra ve gia tr false
V du:=AND(3=5,"TB",IF(H2>=3.5,"YEU","KEM"))))
3
5
TB
4
8.2
GIOI
5
7.2
KHA
6
7
KHA
BAI 4 : HAM CHUOI
1. HAM LEFT(C,n) : C: la 1 chuoi; n la 1 so nguyen dng.
Cong dung: Lay ra n ky t ben trai cua chuoi C, neu n =1 th ta bo qua
V du: =LEFT("MICROSOFT EXCEL",5) ( MICRO
=LEFT("MICROSOFT EXCEL") ( M
2. HAM RIGHT(C,n) : C: la 1 chuoi; n la 1 so nguyen dng.
Cong dung: Lay ra n ky t ben phai cua chuoi C, neu n =1 th ta bo qua
V du: =RIGHT("MICROSOFT EXCEL",5) ( EXCEL
=RIGHT("MICROSOFT EXCEL") ( L
3. HAM MID(C,m,n) : C: la 1 chuoi; m, n la 2 so nguyen dng.
Cong dung: Lay ra n ky t t v tr th m trong chuoi C
V du:=MID("MICROSOFT EXCEL",6,4) ( SOFT
4. HAM LEN(C)
Cong dung: em so ky t co trong chuoi C
V du:=LEN("MICROSOFT EXCEL") ( 15
5. HAM LOWER(C)
Cong dung: oi chuoi C ra ch thng
V du:=LOWER("MICROSOFT EXCEL") ( microsoft excel
6. HAM UPPER(C)
Cong dung: oi chuoi C ra ch HOA
V du: =UPPER("microsoft excel") ( MICROSOFT EXCEL
7. HAM PROPER(C)
Cong dung: oi chuoi C ra dang viet hoa au moi t
V du: =PROPER("nguyen th anh ao") ( Nguyen Th Anh ao
8. HAM TRIM(C)
Cong dung: Cat bo nhng khoang trong tha trong chuoi C
V du:
=TRIM(" TRNG PTTH TRAN PHU")(TRNG PTTH TRAN PHU
9. HAM CONCATENATE(C1,C2,)
Cong dung: Noi cac chuoi C1, C2, . Thanh 1 chuoi
V du:=CONCATENATE("TRNG"," ","THPT"," ","TRAN PHU")(
TRNG PTTH TRAN PHU
10. HAM VALUE(C) : C la 1 chuoi so
Cong dung: oi chuoi so ra 1 so
V du: =VALUE("0315") ( 315
BAI 5 : HAM THONG KE
1. HAM SUM(VUNG 1, VUNG 2,)
Cong dung: Tnh tong cac o kieu so trong cac a ch vung, gap o trong hoac o co cha d lieu kieu chuoi no se bo qua.
V du: Cho bang d lieu sau :
A
B
C
1
1
A
1
2
2
A
2
3
A
4
3
4
3
5
5
4
6
5
6
G
7
F
8
G
3
6
9
6
6
K
=sum(A1:C9)( 57
2. HAM AVERAGE(VUNG 1, VUNG 2,)
Cong dung: Tnh trung bnh cac o kieu so trong cac a ch vung, gap o trong hoac o co cha d lieu kieu chuoi no se bo qua.
V du:
=AVERAGE(A1:C9) ( 3.8
3. HAM MIN(VUNG 1, VUNG 2,)
Cong dung: Tnh gia tr nho nhat cua cac o kieu so trong cac a ch vung, gap o trong hoac o co cha d lieu kieu chuoi no se bo qua.
V du: =MIN(A1:C9) ( 1
4. HAM MAX(VUNG 1, VUNG 2,)
Cong dung: Tnh gia tr ln nhat cua cac o kieu so trong cac a ch vung, gap o trong hoac o co cha d lieu kieu chuoi no se bo qua.
V du: =MAX(A1:C9) ( 6
5. HAM COUNT(VUNG 1, VUNG 2,)
Cong dung: em cac o kieu so trong cac a ch vung, gap o trong hoac o co cha d lieu kieu chuoi no se bo qua.
V du: =COUNT(A1:C9) ( 15
6. HAM COUNTA(VUNG 1, VUNG 2,)
Cong dung: em cac o khac rong trong cac a ch vung.
V du: =COUNTA(A1:C9) ( 22
7. HAM COUNTBLANK(VUNG)
Cong dung: em cac o trong trong vung.
V du: =COUNTBLANK(A1:C9) ( 5
8. HAM SUMIF(VUNG 1,"IEU KIEN",VUNG 2)
Cong dung: Tnh tong cac o kieu so trong vung 2 thoa man ieu kien trong vung 1
V du: Tnh tong tien cac mat hang M
A
B
1
GAO
100000
2
M
200000
3
GAO
300000
4
M
400000
=SUMIF(A1:A4,"M",B1:B4)
9. HAM COUNTIF(VUNG, "IEU KIEN")
Cong dung: em cac o trong vung theo ieu kien
V du: em so ch A trong v du tren
=COUNTIF(A1:C9,"A")
em so o co gia tr >=5
=COUNTIF(A1:C9,">=5")
10. HAM RANK(gia tr so,vung d lieu,kieu)
Cong dung: Xep hang theo qui tac xep hang thong thng, kieu =0 ta co the bo qua.
V du:
TR.BNH
XEP HANG
5.7
=RANK(H3,$H$3:$H$12,0)
6.8
6
5.3
8
7.2
4
7.3
1
5.2
10
7.2
4
5.3
8
7.3
1
7.3
1
BAI 6 : HAM NGAY
1. HAM NOW( )
Cong dung: Tra ve ngay thang nam va gi phut hien hanh
V du: =NOW( )
2. HAM TODAY( )
Cong dung: Tra ve ngay thang nam hien hanh
V du: =TODAY( )
3. HAM DATE(nam, thang, ngay)
Cong dung: Tra ve 1 bieu thc ngay.
V du: =DATE(1998,12,25) ( 25/12/1998
4. HAM DATEVALUE("bieu thc ngay")
Cong dung: oi 1 ngay ra 1 so vi quy c la ngay 1/1/1900 la so 1
V du: =DATEVALUE("31/12/1900") ( 366
5. HAM DAY("bieu thc ngay") hoac DAY(So)
Cong dung: Tra ve ngay trong thang
V du: =DAY(366) ( 31
=DAY("31/12/1900") ( 31
6. HAM MONTH("bieu thc ngay") hoac MONTH (So)
Cong dung: Tra ve thang trong nam
V du: =MONTH(366) ( 12
=MONTH("31/12/1900") ( 12
7. HAM YEAR("bieu thc ngay") hoac YEAR(So)
Cong dung: Tra ve nam
V du: =YEAR(366) ( 1900
=YEAR("31/12/1900") ( 1900
8. HAM WEEKDAY("bieu thc ngay") hoac WEEKDAY(So)
Cong dung: Tra ve th trong tuan, vi so 1 la Chu Nhat, 2 la th Hai,
V du: =WEEKDAY("2/9/2001") ( 1
BAI 7 : HAM DO TM
1. HAM VLOOKUP(Tr do,bang do, cot n, kieu)
Cong dung: Do tm 1 tr do trong bang do theo kieu ch ra, neu tm thay th tra ve gia tr tng ng cot n neu khong tm thay th tra ve thong bao loi #N/A. Neu kieu =0 th do tm chnh xac, neu kieu =1 th do tm gan ung. Trong trng hp kieu =1 th bang do phai c sap th t tang dan. Bang do sap doc theo cot
V du: Cho bang d lieu sau :
A
B
1
MA HANG
TEN HANG
2
C
CA PHE
3
T
TRA
4
G
GAO
5
NG
=VLOOKUP("T",$A$1:$B$5,2,0) ( TRA
2. HAM HLOOKUP(Tr do,bang do, dong n, kieu)
Cong dung: Do tm 1 tr do trong bang do theo kieu ch ra, neu tm thay th tra ve gia tr tng ng dong n neu khong tm thay th tra ve thong bao loi #N/A. Neu kieu =0 th do tm chnh xac, neu kieu =1 th do tm gan ung. Trong trng hp kieu =1 th bang do phai c sap th t tang dan. Bang do sap theo dong.
V du: Cho bang d lieu sau :
A
B
C
D
E
5
MA HANG
C
T
G
D
6
TEN HANG
CA PHE
TRA
GAO
NG
=VLOOKUP("G",$A$5:$E$6,2,0)
3. HAM MATCH(Tr do,bang do, kieu)
Cong dung : Do tm 1 tr do trong bang do theo kieu c ch ra. Neu tm thay se tra ve v tr cua tr do trong bang do. Neu khong tm thay tr do th se tra ve #N/A
Kieu = 1 : Do tm gia tr ln nhat va nho hn hoac bang gia tr can tm. Bang do phai sap th t tang dan.
Kieu = 0 : Do tm chnh xac gia tr can tm. Bang do khong can sap th t
Kieu = -1 : Do tm gia tr nho nhat va ln hn hoac bang gia tr can tm. Bang do phai sap th t giam dan.
V du 1: Dung kieu =0
A
B
C
D
E
1
6
7
9
3
10
=MATCH(7,$A$1:$E$1,0) ( 2
V du 2: Dung kieu =1
A
B
C
D
E
1
3
6
7
9
10
=MATCH(7.6,$A$1:$E$1,1) ( 3
V du 3: Dung kieu =-1
A
B
C
D
E
1
10
9
7
6
3
=MATCH(7.6, $A$1:$E$1,-1) ( 2
4. HAM INDEX(bang do, dong n, cot m)
Cong dung: Tra ve gia tr nam dong th n va cot th m trong bang do. Neu khong tm thay tr do th se tra ve #N/A
V du:
A
B
C
D
E
F
1
CQ
CB
CN
KD
NN
2
A
50
40
20
60
30
3
B
60
40
50
80
60
4
C
70
55
70
95
85
5
D
75
65
95
120
90
6
E
85
70
110
150
95
=INDEX($A$1:$F$6,3,5) ( 80
BAI 8: C S D LIEU VA CAC THAO TAC TREN C S D LIEU
I. KHAI NIEM VE C S D LIEU TREN EXCCEL
Tren 1 d lieu dang bang cua Excel ta co the : Trch loc (Filter), Xoa (Delete), Rut trch (Extract) nhng dong d lieu thoa man mot tieu chuan nao o. e thc hien nhng thao tac nay ta can tao ra nhng vung sau:
1. Vung d lieu (Database)
La vung c s d lieu gom co t nhat 2 dong (rows). Dong au tien cha cac tieu e cot (Field Name), cac dong con lai cha d lieu goi la mau tin (Record)
2. Vung tieu chuan (Criteria)
la vung tieu chuan cha ieu kien e tm kiem, xoa, rut trch hay trch loc. Vung nay gom t nhat 2 dong: Dong au cha tieu e (Field Name), cac dong con lai cha ieu kien.
3. Vung rut trch (Extract)
La vung trch d lieu cha cac mau tin cua vung d lieu (Database) va thoa man ieu kien cua vung tieu chuan. Vung rut trch cung co dong au tien cha cac tieu e muon rut trch.
V du : Xem hnh
II. THAO TAC NHAP, SA, XOA CAC MAU TIN DUNG FORM
M hop thoai Form :
Bc 1: Quet khoi vung database
Bc 2: Chon Data\ chon Form
Hop thoai sau ay se hien ra:
1. Nhap mau tin mi: Click vao nut New
2. Xem /sa mau tin : Click vao textbox cha d lieu ma ta muon sa. xoa d lieu cu va nhap d lieu mi.
3. Xoa mot mau tin Click vao nut Delete
4. Tm kiem 1 mau tin : Click vao nut Find Prev : Tm lui. Click vao nut Find Next : Tm ti
III. THAO TAC SAP XEP, LOC MAU TIN
1. Sap xep cac mau tin :
Bc 1 : Quet khoi vung Database
Bc 2 : Chon menu Data\Chon Sort
Hop thoai Sort hien ra
Bc 3 : Chon cot can sap xep trong o Sort by.
Bc 4: Chon Ascending la sap xep tang dan, chon Descending la sap xep giam dan.
Neu co s trung lap d lieu trong cot th nhat ma ta muon sap xep them 1 cot th hai th ta chon cot can sap trong o Then by va cung chon Ascending hoac Descending
Tng t nh vay ta cung co the sap them 1 cot th 3 trong o Then by di.
Toi a ta ch co the sap xep c 3 cot.
V du : Sap theo Ten, Trung ten th sap theo ho, trung ho th sap theo ngay sinh t ln tuoi en t tuoi.
Lu y : Neu khi quet khoi vung Database ma ta chon luon dong tieu e cot (Field Name row) th ta nh chon trong muc My list has la Header row
Con neu ta khong quet khoi dong tieu e th ta chon muc No header row
Neu khong th Excel se sap xep luon dong tieu e.
2. Loc cac mau tin:
Khi muon tm kiem hay liet ke cac mau tin (record) theo 1 yeu cau nao o. Trong trng hp nay ta dung phng phap trch loc. Co 2 phng phap e trch loc.
a. Phng phap loc t ong (Auto Filter)
a o hoat ong vao vung can trch loc (hoac quet khoi chon vung can trch loc).
Chon menu Data\ Filter\ AutoFilter
Khi o cac nut mui ten se xuat hien cac cot trong vung c s d lieu
Click vao nut mui ten e chon cac gia tr cua cot can xac nh ieu kien e trch loc. Khi o cac mau tin thoa ieu kien se c hien th, con cac mau tin khong thoa ieu kien se b dau i. V du : Trch loc nhng sinh vien co cot u tien la A.
Muon hien th lai cac mau tin ta chon Data\Filter\Show All
Muon bo trch loc ta chon Data\Filter\AutoFilter 1 lan na
b. Phng phap loc chi tiet (Advance Filter)
Trong phng phap nay ta can xac nh vung d lieu va tao trc vung tieu chuan (Criteria)
Di chuyen o hoat ong vao o bat ky trong vung d lieu
Vao menu Data \ chon Filter\ chon Advanced Filter. Xuat hien hop thoai Advanced Filter nh sau :
Chon Filter the list in place trong muc action (cac mau tin a trch loc se xuat hien trong vung d lieu nay)
Nhap vung d lieu can trch loc trong khung List range. Nhap vung ieu kien trong khung Criteria Range.
Neu chon Unique Record Only, d lieu loc ra neu co nhng dong trung nhau th ch trnh bay 1 dong ai dien.
Click OK e thc hien trch loc
V du : Trch loc nhng sinh vien co vung u tien la B
th vung d lieu la A2:F8 con vung tieu chuan la : E12:E13
Ket qua trch loc :
3. Thao tac xoa
Trong thao tac nay ta can xac nh vung d lieu va tao trc vung tieu chuan
Thc hien lai cac bc a trnh bay trong thao tac trch loc
Sau khi cac mau tin thoa ieu kien c trnh bay, anh dau chon cac dong can xoa
Chon menu Edit\ Delate row
4. Thao tac rut trch :
Trong thao tac nay ta can xac nh vung d lieu va tao trc vung tieu chuan va vung rut trch
Bc 1 : Di chuyen o hoat ong vao o bat ky trong vung d lieu
Bc 2 : Chon menu Data\Filter\Advanced filter
Bc 3 : Trong hop thoai Advanced Filter ta chon copy to another location (chep cac mau tin a trch loc sang vung khac)
Bc 4 : Nhap vung d lieu trong khung list range, nhap vung ieu kien trong khung criteria range, nhap a ch o au trong vung rut trch trong khung copy to
Neu chon Unique record only, D lieu loc ra neu co nhng dong trung nhau th ch trnh bay 1 dong.
Bc 5 : Click OK
v du : Tao danh sach sinh vien co vung u tien la B
Vung d lieu A2:F8; vung tieu chuan E10:E11; Vung rut trch A12
Ket qua la :
Cac dang tieu chuan vung ieu kien:
a. Tieu chuan so: O ieu kien co kieu so
b. Tieu chuan chuoi: O ieu kien co kieu chuoi. Trong o ieu kien co the cha cac ky t gop:
Dau * : ai dien cho nhom ky t
Dau ? : ai dien cho 1 ky t bat ky
V du T* la loc ra nhng sinh vien co ten van T
c. Tieu chuan so sanh: O ieu kien cha toan t so sanh kem vi gia tr so sanh.
Cac toan t so sanh :
>
=
6
d. Tieu chuan cong thc: O ieu kien co kieu cong thc. Trong trng hp dung tieu chuan nay can lu y 2 ieu sau:
O tieu e cua vung tieu chuan phai khac vi tat ca cac tieu e cua vung d lieu
Trong o ieu kien phai lay a ch cua o trong mau tin au tien (sau dong tieu e hay dong th 2 trong vung d lieu) e so sanh.
Cho v du :
e. Lien ket tieu chuan
Co the loc, xoa, hay rut trch cac o trong vung d lieu bang phep giao (And) hay hoi (OR) cua nhieu ieu kien khac nhau.
Phep And : neu cac o ieu kien khac cot
Phep Or : Neu cac o ieu kien khac dong.
Vd1 : Trch loc cac o co iem van >5 va iem a >5
Th vung ieu kien c xac lap nh sau :
Van
a
>5
>5
Vd2: Trch loc cac o co iem van ln hn hay bang 6
Th vung ieu kien c xac lap nh sau :
Van
>6
6
Hoac
Van
>=6
BAI 9 : HAM C S D LIEU
Cho bang d lieu nh sau e lam c s cho cac ham database
A
B
C
D
E
1
Mt hng
Tn hng
S lng
n gi
Tr gi
2
T001
Ti vi
100
10
1000
3
T002
T lnh
200
15
3000
4
F001
Fax
50
20
1000
5
A001
Vi tnh
500
10
5000
6
P002
Photocopy
1000
100
100000
7
A001
Vi tnh
100
20
2000
8
T003
in thoi
50
10
500
1. HAM DSUM(Vung c s d lieu, cot can tnh tong, vung ieu kien)
Cong dung: tnh tong cac o kieu so theo ieu kien
V du: Tnh tong tr gia cua mat hang Tivi
B
10
Tn hng
11
Ti vi
=DSUM(A1:E8,5,B10:B11) ( 1000
2. HAM DAVERAGE(Vung c s d lieu, cot can tnh trung bnh, vung ieu kien)
Cong dung: tnh trung bnh cac o kieu so theo ieu kien
V du: Tnh trung bnh cot tr gia cua mat hang Vi tnh
B
10
Tn hng
11
Vi tnh
=DAVERAGE(A1:E8,5,B10:B11) ( 3500
3. HAM DMAX(Vung c s d lieu, cot can tnh gia tr ln nhat, vung ieu kien)
Cong dung: tnh gia tr ln nhat theo ieu kien
V du: Tnh gia tr ln nhat cua cot tr gia cua mat hang Vi tnh
=DMAX(A1:E8,5,B10:B11) ( 5000
4. HAM DMIN(Vung c s d lieu, cot can tnh gia tr nho nhat, vung ieu kien)
Cong dung: tnh gia tr nho nhat theo ieu kien
V du: Tnh gia tr nho nhat cua cot tr gia cua mat hang Vi tnh
=DMIN(A1:E8,5,B10:B11) ( 2000
5. HAM DCOUNT(Vung c s d lieu, cot can em, vung ieu kien)
Cong dung: em cac o kieu so theo ieu kien
V du: em xem co bao nhieu lan ban may vi tnh.
=DCOUNT(A1:E8,5,B10:B11) ( 2
6. HAM DCOUNTA(Vung c s d lieu, cot can em, vung ieu kien)
Cong dung: em cac o khac trong theo ieu kien
V du: em xem co bao nhieu lan ban may vi tnh.
=DCOUNTA(A1:E8,2,B10:B11) ( 2
BAI 10 : VE O TH
BC 1: Chon khoi vung d lieu can ve o th
BC 2: Click chuot vao nut Chart Wizard
BC 3: Chon kieu o th trong khung chart type
BC 4: Chon kieu o th trong khung chart sub-type
BC 5: Chon Next
BC 6: Chon Next
BC 7:Go tieu cho o th trong o chart title, go tieu e cho truc hoanh, truc tung
BC 8 : tat chu thch neu thay can thiet trong muc Show Legend
BC 9 : Chon Next
Vung ieu kien
Vung ieu kien
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Khi cha trch loc
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