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LabVIEW

programsarecalled

virtualinstruments(VIs).

EachVIcontainsthreemainparts:

FrontpanelHowtheuser

interactswiththeVI

BlockdiagramThecodethat

co

ntrolstheprogram

Icon/connectorThemeansof

co

nnectingaVItootherVIs

LabV

IEWw

indows

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BlockDiagram

FrontPanel

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FrontPan

el

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BlockDiagram

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ControlsP

alette

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Func

tionsPalette

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Programm

ingandControlPalette

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Tools

Palette

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FunctionBar

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File

Edit

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Func

tionBar

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View

Operate

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StatusToolbar

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Diagram

Toolbar

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Your

FirstVI

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DataType

s

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Data

flowProgramming

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Blockdiagram

executiondepend

ont

heflowofdata.

Nod

eexecutes

whe

ndatais

availabletoALL

inputterminals

Nod

essupplydata

toa

lloutput

term

inalswhena

nod

ecompletes

execution

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DebuggingTechniques

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Debu

ggingTechniques

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Datastream

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DebuggingTechniques

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Cont

extHelpwindow

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SectionII-

ElementsofTypicalPrograms

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TypesofFunctions

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TypesofF

unctions

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LabV

IEWF

unctionsand

SubVI

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CreateSu

bVI

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ProcedureforcreateaSu

bVI

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SaveaSu

bVIcallitasaFunc

tion 2

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DoubleclickLB

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Loop

s

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Loops

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CreateaLoop

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When

selectedloopobject,

the

mouse

cursorbecomesaspecial

pointerthatyouusetoenclosea

spaceforthewhilelooptask.

Clickth

eleftmousebuttonto

define

acornerandthenclickthe

mouse

buttonagainforits

diagon

alcorner.

1

2

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HowtoTimeaLoop

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Timing

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Functio

nsProgrammingTiming

WaitUntilNextmsMultiple

Th

isfunctionwaitsuntilthevalueofthemillisecondtimerbecomesamultiple

of

thespecifiedmillisecondmultipletohelpyousynchronizeactivities.Youcan

callthisfunctioninalooptocontroltheloope

xecutionrate.Thisfunctioncan

be

foundatFunctionsProgrammingTimingWaitUntilNextmsMultiple

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TimingaLoop

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Timer

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Exercise

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Crea

teacountdowntimer

Controlvariable:t

imerunit

Indication:realtimedisplayofatim

emeter

Term

inatecondition:S

TOPbutton

orafteraspecified

perio

doftime.

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State

Machines

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Astatemachineconsistsofasetofstatesandatransition

functionthatmapstothenextstate.

e.g.x

(k+1)=f(x(k))

ShiftRegister

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StateMac

hinesforLoops

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No.oftimesforrepeattask

initial

Inputnode

Outputnode

indexing

Outputnode

nonindexing

ShiftRegister

Loopcounter

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State

MachinesforWhile

s

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Terminationconditio

n

Frontpanel

ShiftRegister

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Exercise

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CreateaVIto

Calculatetheresultofadding

fromAtoBwithanintervalC.

e.g.A=5,B=18

,C=6,Ans=33

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DecisionM

akinginLabVIEW

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FunctionsProgrammingComparisonSele

ct

FunctionsProgrammingStructuresCaseStructure

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CreateaCaseStructure

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1

2

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TypesofC

aseStructure

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CreateaSelect

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Return

sthevaluewiredtothetinputorfinput,dependingon

theva

lueofs.IfsisTRUE,

thisfunction

returnsthevalue

wired

tot.IfsisFALSE,

thisfunctionreturnsthevaluewiredto

f.

T F

S

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Multi-task

Random

Processing

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Processings

equence?

Howtostop

theloopby

oneaction?

Communica

tionbetween

parallelloop

s?

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Sequ

enceStructure

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FlatTyp

e

Stacked

Type

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StateMac

hineforSequence

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FramNo.[listofframes]

Outputto

desc

endantframe

Inputfrom

ascendantframe

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FeedbackNode

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Wirefr

omoutputtoinputto

automa

ticallycreateafeedbacknode

Initials

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InitializedShiftRegisters&FeedbackNodes

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RunOnce

VIstopsexecution

RunAgain

Output=8

Output=4

Output=4

Output=8

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Mech

anicalActionforLogicSwitches

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Communi

cateBetweenParalle

lLoops

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Datacannotenterorleavea

structurewhileitsstillrunningvia

dataflow.

Localvariablescanbeusedtostoredatainfrontpanel

controlsandin

dicators.

Withvariables,youcan

circumvent

normaldataflowbypassingdatafromoneplacetoanother

withoutconne

ctingthetwoplaceswithawire.

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LocalVariable

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Youcan

alsorightclickany

control

orindicatorandselect

CreateLocalVariable.

This

creates

adirectlylinkedlocal

variable

forthatcontrolor

indicato

ryoucreateditfrom.

Next,youmustdecideto

eitherr

eadorwritetothe

object.

Rightclickonthelocal

variable

andchooseChange

ToRead

orChangetoWrite.

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ShareDataBetweenLoops

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Actas

anindicator:

itwritesadataforthelinkedobject

Actasacontrol:

itreadsadataforthelinkedobject

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Exercise

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Create

aVIwithtwoparallelwhileloop

s.

1.To

controlthelogicindicatorsbelongingtoeachloops

usingacontrol(LEDswitch).

2.To

terminatebothloopsusingonlyonestopcontrol

unit.

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DisplayResults

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TypesofControlsandIndicators

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Charts_O

n-l

ineDisplayTimeHi

storyData

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Thewaveformchartisaspecial

numericindicatorthatdisplaysoneor

moreplots.

Itislocated

onthe

ControlsModernGra

phpalette.

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Char

tandGraphUseSu

mmary

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Waveform

ChartforMultipleP

lots

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Grap

hs_

DisplayHistory

DataOff-l

ine

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Youcandisplaysettingsforplottypes,

scaleandcurso

roptions,andmany

otherfeatureso

fthegraphbyright-

clickingthegraphonthefrontpanel

andchooseProperties.

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Waveform

Graph

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BuildWaveform

Buildsawaveformw

iththestarttime

representedasanab

solutetimestamp.

Timestampsareaccu

ratetorealworld

timeanddateandareveryusefulfor

realworlddatarecording.

Bundle

Buildsawaveformw

itharelative

timestamp.

Theinpu

ttot0isaDBL.By

buildingwaveformsusingthebundle,

youcanplotdataon

thenegativexaxis

(time).

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Grap

hArraysandCluste

rs

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Technical

GraphsOutput

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Youcanalsocreatetechnical-paper-quality

graphicswiththeexportsimplifiedimage

function.Right-clickthegraphandselect

DataOperationsExportSimplified

Image

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MultipleGraph

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X-Y

Graph

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Controlan

dIndicatorProperties

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Exercise

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Create

aVItogenerateasinewavesign

alofaspecific

frequency(Hz),magnitudeandoffset.

Keyun

its:whileloop,waituntil,wavefor

mchart

Reference:

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Operation

sforArrays

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Tocreateanarraycontrolorindicator

Selectanarray

ontheControlsModernArray

,Matrix,and

Clusterpalette

,placeitonthefrontpanel,and

dragacontrolor

indicatorintothearrayshell.

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Oper

ationsforArrays

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Tocrea

teanarraycontrolorindicator

insertanobjectinthearrayshell

1DArrayViewingMultipleElements

1DArrayViewinga

SingleElement

Index

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2-D

Array

s

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Toadddimensionstoanarrayoneatatime,rightclicktheindex

displayandsele

ctAddDimensionfromtheshor

tcutmenu.

2DArrayViewingMult

ipleElements

2DArrayViewingSingle

Element

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Build

ingArrayswithLoops

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Operation

sofArrays

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Exercise

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Create

aVIforvectorinnerproduct

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Exercise

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CreateaVIfor

calculatingMatrixvectoroperation

y=Ax

x A

y

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Exercise

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Create

aVIforcalculatingMatrixmultiplication

C=AB

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Advanced

DataFlowTopics

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Clusters

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Creatinga

Cluster

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Clusterfunctions

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Youuse

abundlefunctiontocreateaclu

ster.Youusean

unbund

lefunctiontoextractthepartso

facluster.

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Clusterfu

nctions

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Youuseabundlefunctiontocreateacluster.Youusean

unbundlefunctiontoextractthepartsofacluster.

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Exam

ple

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Waveform

Graph

2015/3/17

BuildWaveform

Buildsawaveformw

iththestarttime

representedasanab

solutetimestamp.

Timestampsareaccu

ratetorealworld

timeanddateandareveryusefulfor

realworlddatarecording.

Bundle

Buildsawaveformw

itharelative

timestamp.

Theinpu

ttot0isaDBL.By

buildingwaveformsusingthebundle,

youcanplotdataon

thenegativexaxis

(time).

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Grap

hArraysandCluste

rs

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TheLabVIEW

MathScriptNode

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Locatedinth

eProgrammingStructuressubp

alette.

Resizableboxforenteringtextualmathstatem

ent.

ItworksasascripttypeSubVI

.mf

ileScrip

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TheLabViewMathScript

Node

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Toad

dvariables,rightclickandchoose

AddInputorAddOutput.

Namevariablesastheyareusedinthe

formula.

Youc

anchangethedatatypeofthe

outputbyrightclickingtheinputor

outputnode.

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FormulaN

ode

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IntheStruct

uressub-palette

Implementcomplicatedequations

Variablescre

atedatborder

Variablenam

esarecasesensitive

Eachstatementmustterminatewithasemicolon(;)

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FileI/O

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High-levelFileI/OVIs

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WritetoSpreadsheetFile

ReadfromSp

readsheetFile

WriteCharacterstoFile

ReadCharactersfromFile

ReadLinesfromFile

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Write

toDataFile

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WritetoD

ataFile

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Exercise:Generatea

coordinates

datafordrawinga

circleandsa

veinadatafile.

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EndoftheChapter

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