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* AYODHY-KNA * 481

The swampy ground of my heart did not crack even though the moisture in the

shape of my most beloved Rma has left. From this I conclude that in this very frame

God has endowed me with a body* fit for suffering the tortures of hell. (146)

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Cau.: ehi bidhi karata patha pachitv, tamas tra turata rathu v.

bid kie kari binaya nid, phire pya pari bikala bid.1.

paihata nagara saciva sakuc, janu mresi gura bbhana g.

baihi biapa tara divasu gavv, sjha samaya taba avasaru pv.2.

avadha prabesu knha adhire, paiha bhavana rathu rkhi dure.

jinha jinha samcra suni pe, bhupa dvra rathu dekhana e.3.

rathu pahicni bikala lakhi ghore, garahi gta jimi tapa ore.

nagara nri nara bykula kaise, nighaata nra mnagana jaise.4.

While Sumantra was thus lamenting on the way, his chariot presently reached thebank of the Tamas river. He politely dismissed the Nidas, who fell at his feet andreturned with a heart stricken with grief. The minister hesitated to enter the city as if he

had murdered his own preceptor, killed a Brhmaa or butchered a cow. He passed theday sitting under a tree and found his opportunity only when it was dusk. He enteredAyodhy in the dark and slunk into the palace leaving the chariot at the gate. All whoheard the news flocked to the entrance of the royal palace to see the chariot. When theyrecognized the chariot and found the horses restless with their body wasting away ashail in the sun, the citizens, both men and women, were sore distressed as fish whenthe water runs short. (14)

0fl flfl L flH 147HDo.: saciva gamanu sunata sabu bikala bhayau ranivsu,

bhavanu bhayakaru lga tehi mnahupreta nivsu.147.

The moment they heard of the ministers arrival the whole gynaeceum wasrestless. To him the palace looked as dreary as though it were an abode of spirits. (147)

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* It is mentioned in the scriptures that sinners who are condemned to hell are endowed with a subtlebody (known by the name of Ytan-arra), which though subjected to tortures in various forms is wonderfullytenacious and does not perish till the sinner has served the sentence.

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482 * R RMACARITAMNASA *

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Cau.: ati rati saba puchahi rn, utaru na va bikala bhai bn.

sunai na ravana nayana nahi sujh, kahahu kah npu tehi tehi bujh.1.

dsinha dkha saciva bikal, kausaly gha ga lav.

ji sumatra dkha kasa rj, amia rahita janu cadu birj .2.

sana sayana bibhuana hn, pareu bh umitala nipaa maln.

lei ussu soca ehi bht, surapura te janu khaseu jajt.3.

leta soca bhari chinu chinu cht, janu jari pakha pareu sapt.

rma rma kaha rma saneh, puni kaha rma lakhana baideh.4.

In deep agony all the queens questioned him; but no reply came from him, hisvoice failed him. His ears could not hear, nor could his eyes see; he asked whomsoeverhe met: Tell me, where is the king? Seeing his confusion, the maid-servants conductedhim to Kausalys apartments. Arriving there Sumantra found the king as pale andlustreless as the moon without nectar. Without a seat, couch or ornaments he lay on theground in a most wretched condition. Heaving a sigh he lamented even as Yayti* whenhe had fallen from the abode of gods. With his heart bursting with grief every moment,he looked like Sampt who had dropped from the heavens on account of his wings

having been singed. That great lover of Rma cried Rma, Rma and again Rma,Lakmaa and St. (14)

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Do.: dekhi saciva jaya jva kahi knheu daa pranmu,sunata uheu bykula npati kahu sumatra kaharmu.148.

The minister, on seeing the king, exclaimed, Be victorious and live long! andmade obeisance to him by falling prostrate on the ground. The moment he heard this the

king rose in bewilderment and said, Tell me, Sumantra, where is Rma? (148)0 H

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* As a reward for the many sacrifices performed by him during his life-time King Yayti ascended toheaven. Indra received him most courteously and encouraged him to speak highly of his own meritoriousacts. In this way he unwittingly exhausted all his merits and was hurled back to the mortal plane.

For the story of Sampt see the Caups following Doh 26 et seq in Kikindh-Ka.

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* AYODHY-KNA * 483

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Cau.: bhupa sumatru lnha ura l, buRata kachu adhra janu p.sahita saneha nikaa baihr, p uchata ru nayana bhari br.1.

rma kusala kahu sakh saneh, kaha raghunthu lakhanu baideh.

ne pheri ki banahi sidhe, sunata saciva locana jala che.2.

soka bikala puni pucha nares u, kahu siya rma lakhana sadesu.

rma rupa guna sla subh u, sumiri sumiri ura socata ru.3.

ru suni dnha banabs u, suni mana bhayau na harau harsu.

so suta bichurata gae na prn, ko pp baRa mohi samn.4.

The king pressed Sumantra to his bosom as if a drowning man had laid hold ofsome support. Seating him affectionately by his side and with his eyes full of tears theking asked him: Apprize me of Rmas welfare, O loving friend; where are Rma (theLord of Raghus), Lakmaa and Videhas daughter (St)? Have you brought them backor have they left for the woods? At these words tears rushed to the ministers eyes.Overwhelmed with grief the king asked again, Tell me the news about St, Rma andLakmaa. Recalling again and again r Rmas beauty, virtues, amiability andtemperament the king sorrowed within himself: Proclaiming my intention to instal him asRegent I exiled him to the woods; but the news neither delighted his soul nor grieved it.But my life did not depart even though I had to part from such a son! Who can be sucha great sinner as I? (14)

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Do.: sakh rmu siya lakhanu jaha tah mohi pahucu,nhi ta chata calana aba prna kahau satibhu.149.Take me, my friend, to the place where Rma, Sta and Lakmaa are. If not, I

sincerely tell you, my life is going to depart very soon. (149)

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Cau.: puni puni puchata matrihi r u, priyatama suana sadesa sunu.

karahi sakh soi begi up u, rmu lakhanu siya nayana dekhau.1.

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saciva dhra dhari kaha mdu bn, mahrja tumha paita gyn.

bra sudhra dhuradhara dev, sdhu samju sad tumha sev.2.

janama marana saba dukha sukha bhog, hni lbhu priya milana biyog.

kla karama basa hohi gos, barabasa rti divasa k n

.3.

sukha haraahi jaRa dukha bilakhh, dou sama dhra dharahimana mh.

dhraja dharahu bibeku bicr, chRia soca sakala hitakr.4.

Again and again the king asked the minister; Communicate to me the news of mymost beloved sons. Quickly contrive, my friend, some means whereby you may be ableto bring before my eyes Rma, Lakmaa and St. Recovering himself the ministergently replied, Your Majesty is learned and wise. Nay, you are a leader of the brave andcourageous, my lord, and have always attended assemblies of holy men. Birth anddeath, all painful and pleasurable experiences, loss and gain, union with and separationfrom friendsall these, my lord, take place under the unalterable laws of time anddestiny like the succession of night and day. Fools rejoice in prosperity and mourn in

adversity; while the wise account both alike. Therefore, exercising your mature judgmenttake up courage and cease sorrowing, O friend of all. (14)

0 H 150H

Do.: prathama bsu tamas bhayau dusara surasari tra,nhi rahe jalapnu kari siya sameta dou bra.150.

Their first halt was made by the side of the Tamas and the next on the bank ofthe celestial river (Gag). Having bathed and drunk water, St and the two brothers

remained without food that day. (150)0fl fl flH

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H.4HCau.: kevaa knhi bahuta sevak, so jmini sigaraura gav.

hota prta baa chru magv, ja mukua nija ssa banv.1.

rma sakh taba nva mag, priy caRhi caRhe raghur.

lakhana bna dhanu dhare ban, pu caRhe prabhu yasu p.2.

bikala biloki mohi raghubr, bole madhura bacana dhari dhr.

tta pranmu tta sana kaheh u, bra bra pada pakaja gahehu.3.

karabi pya pari binaya bahor, tta karia jani cit mor.

bana maga magala kusala hamre , kp anugraha punya tumhre.4.

The Nida showed great hospitality and the party spent that night in the village

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* AYODHY-KNA * 485

of Sigaraura (gaverapura). At daybreak they sent for the milk of the banyan tree andthe two brothers coiled up their matted hair in the shape of a crown. Then Rmas friend(Guha) called for a boat and after helping St to board it r Rma followed suit.Lakmaa placed on it in an orderly way the two bows and quivers and himself boardedthe boat on receiving the Lords command. Seeing my distress the Hero of Raghus racesummoned up courage and addressed me in sweet accents: Sire, convey my obeisancesto dear father and clasp his lotus feet again and again. Then, falling at his feet submitto him thus: Father, be not worried on my account. By your grace and goodwill and asa reward of your meritorious acts my journey to and sojourn in the woods will be happyand full of blessings. (14)

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HCha.:tumhare anugraha tta knana jta saba sukhu pihau,

pratipli yasu kusala dekhana pya puni phiri ihau.janan sakala paritoi pari pari pya kari binat ghan,tulas karehu soi jatanu jehi kusal rahahi kosala dhan.By your grace, dear father, I shall have all sorts of comforts on my journey and

having obeyed your commands shall come back safe to behold your lotus feet oncemore. Nay, consoling all my mothers fall at their feet again and again and with profuse

entreaties make every effortsays Tulasdsato see that the lord of Ayodhy (myfather) passes his days happily.

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So.: gura sana kahaba sadesu bra bra pada paduma gahi,karaba soi upadesu jehi na soca mohi avadhapati.151.Clasping my preceptors lotus feet again and again, give him my message: Pray,

so exhort the lord of Ayodhy that he may no longer grieve on my account. (151)

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Cau.: purajana parijana sakala nihor, tta sunehu binat mor.

soi saba bhti mora hitakr, jte raha naranhu sukhr.1.

kahaba sa desu bharata ke e, nti na tajia rjapadu pe.

plehu prajahi karama mana bn, seehu mtu sakala sama jn.2.ora nibhehu bhyapa bh, kari pitu mtu sujana sevak.

tta bhti tehi rkhaba r u, soca mora jehi karai na ku.3.

lakhana kahe kachu bacana kahor, baraji rma puni mohi nihor.

bra bra nija sapatha dev, kahabi na tta lakhana larik.4.

Humbly approaching all the citizens and all my people, convey to them mysubmission: He alone is my friend in everyway, who ensures the kings happiness.Again, when Bharata comes, give him my message: Abandon not the path of rectitudeon assuming the office of Regent. Cherish your subjects in thought, word and deepand serve your mothers treating them all alike. Again, brother, vindicate yourbrotherliness till the last day by serving our parents and kinsmen. And last but not

the least look after the king in such a way that he may never sorrow on my account.Here Lakmaa interposed some harsh words, but Rma checked him and thenentreated me adjuring me by himself again and again, Make no mention, dear father,of Lakmaas childishness. (14)

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Do.: kahi pranmu kachu kahana liya siya bhai sithila saneha,thakita bacana locana sajala pulaka pallavita deha.152.

Sending her greeting St opened her lips to say something but wasoverwhelmed with emotion. Her voice failed, her eyes filled with tears and a thrill ranthrough her body. (152)

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Cau.: tehi avasara raghubara rukha p, kevaa prahi nva cal.raghukulatilaka cale ehi bht, dekhau hRha kulisa dhari cht.1.

mai pana kimi kahau kalesu, jiata phireu lei rma sadesu.

asa kahi saciva bacana rahi gaya u, hni galni soca basa bhayau.2.

suta bacana sunatahi naranhu, pareu dharani ura druna dhu.

talaphata biama moha mana mp, mj manahu mna kahu byp.3.

kari bilpa saba rovahi rn, mah bipati kimi ji bakhn.

suni bilpa dukhahu dukhu lg, dhrajahu kara dhraju bhg.4.

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* AYODHY-KNA * 487

At this moment, in response to a hint from the Chief of Raghus (r Rma), theboatman propelled the boat towards the opposite bank. So departed the Crown ofRaghus race, while I stood looking on with a heavy load on my heart. How am I todescribe my own anguish in that I came back alive bearing Rmas message? At thisstage Sumantras speech failed him, overpowered as he was by grief and remorse dueto separation from r Rma. No sooner had he heard the charioteers speech than theking dropped to the ground, his heart burning with deep anguish. His mind beingunhinged by excessive infatuation he tossed about like a fish that had been inebriatedby sucking the foam of early rain water (which is intoxicating to the fish). All the queenswailed and wept; how can their great misfortune be described? At the sound of their wailssorrow itself was sorrowful and endurance could no longer endure. (14)

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Do.: bhayau kolhalu avadha ati suni npa rura soru,bipula bihaga bana pareu nisi mnahu kulisa kahoru.153.

Ayodhy was in great tumult at the sound of the outcry in the royal gynaeceum:it seemed as if a cruel thunderbolt had fallen at night on a large habitat of birds. (153)

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Cau.: prna kathagata bhayau bhulu, mani bihna janu bykula bylu.

idr sakala bikala bhai bhr, janu sara sarasija banu binu br.1.

kausaly npu dkha maln, rabikula rabi athayau jiya jn.

ura dhari dhra rma mahatr, bol bacana samaya anusr.2.

ntha samujhi mana karia bicr u, rma biyoga payodhi apru.

karanadhra tumha avadha jahju, caRheu sakala priya pathika samju.3.dhraju dharia ta pia pr u, nhi ta buRihi sabu parivru.

jau jiya dharia binaya piya mor, rmu lakhanu siya milahi bahor.4.

The life-breath of the king had now stuck to his throat; he felt uneasy like a serpentrobbed of its gem. All his senses were blighted as a cluster of lotuses in a lake that hadbeen left without water. When Kausaly saw the king withered and blasted, sheconcluded in her mind that the sun of the solar race was about to set. Summoning upcourage, therefore, r Rmas mother spoke words appropriate to the occasion: Ponderin your heart, my lord, and reflect that separation from Rma is a vast ocean, you arethe helmsman and Ayodhy the bark which has been boarded by our near and dear onesas its passengers. We can hope to reach a shore only if you have patience. If not, the

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whole family will be drowned. If you take to heart this entreaty of mine, my beloved lord,we are sure to see Rma, Lakmaa and St again. (14)

0 H 154H

Do.: priy bacana mdu sunata npu citayau khi ughri,talaphata mna malna janu scata stala bri.154.

Hearing these soft words of his beloved queen, the king opened his eyes andlooked up like a writhing wretched fish that had been sprinkled with cold water. (154)

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Cau.: dhari dhraju uhi baiha bhul u, kahu sumatra kaha rma kplu.

kah lakhanu kaha rmu saneh, kaha priya putrabadhu baideh.1.

bilapata ru bikala bahu bht, bhai juga sarisa sirti na rt.

tpasa adha spa sudhi , kausalyahi saba kath sun.2.

bhayau bikala baranata itihs, rma rahita dhiga jvana s.

so tanu rkhi karaba mai kh, jehi na prema panu mora nibh.3.

h raghunadana prna pirte, tumha binu jiata bahuta dina bte.

h jnak lakhana h raghubara, h pitu hita cita ctaka jaladhara.4.

Recovering himself the king got up and sat down. Tell me, Sumantra, where is mygracious Rma? Where is Lakmaa and where my loving Rma? Where is my beloveddaughter-in-law, Vaideh? The restless monarch wailed in many ways; the night seemedto him like an age and he felt as though it would never end. He was reminded of the blindhermits curse and he narrated the whole story to Kausaly. He was filled with agony as herelated the circumstances*. Fie on the hope of surviving without Rma. What shall I gain

* The story has been told at length in the Rmyaa of Vlmki (Ayodhy-Ka, Cantos 63-64). Oneday, when Daaratha was still young, he was out hunting and rode to the bank of the Sarayu in search ofgame. The sun had set and the king heard at a distance what he believed to be the trumpeting of a wildelephant. The king, who was expert at hitting an invisible mark by its sound, discharged an arrow and lo! itstruck a young hermit, ravaa by name, who had been filling a pitcher for the use of his blind and agedparents. The king discovered to his great chagrin that what he had mistaken for the trumpeting of an elephanthad been the gurgling sound caused by the filling of the pitcher. The hermit did not mind his own death; buthe was worried about his helpless parents, who wholly depended on him. He therefore, implored the king tocarry the water to the hermitage and inform his parents of what had happened to their son. With these dyingwords the hermit breathed his last and the king did as he was bid by the young anchorite. ravaas parents,when they heard of his sad fate, begged the king to conduct them to the place where their son was and in theirexcessive agony pronounced a curse on the king that he too would die of grief for the loss of a son. It is of thisincident that the king is reminded at the hour of his death.

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* AYODHY-KNA * 489

by preserving this body, which has failed to keep my vow of love? O delighter of Raghus,who are dear to me as life, already I have lived too long without you. Ah, Janakas daughterand Lakmaa, Ah, Chief of Raghus line, who gladdened the loving heart of your father asa rain-cloud delights the Ctaka bird. (14)

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Do.: rma rma kahi rma kahi rma rma kahi rma,tanu parihari raghubara biraha ru gayau suradhma.155.

Crying Rma, Rma and again Rma and yet again Rma, Rma, Rma, theking cast off his body in his agony of separation from the Chief of Raghus line andascended to the abode of gods. (155)

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Cau.: jiana marana phalu dasaratha pv, aa aneka amala jasu chv.

jiata rma bidhu badanu nihr, rma biraha kari maranu savr.1.soka bikala saba rovahi rn, rupu slu balu teju bakhn.

karahi bilpa aneka prakr, parahi bhumitala brahi br.2.

bilapahi bikala dsa aru ds, ghara ghara rudanu karahipurabs.

athayau ju bhnukula bhnu, dharama avadhi guna r upa nidhnu.3.

gr sakala kaikaihi deh , nayana bihna knha jaga jeh.

ehi bidhi bilapata raini bihn, e sakala mahmuni gyn.4.

It was King Daaratha who reaped the reward both of his life and death. Hisuntarnished fame spread through a number of universes; as long as he lived he gazedon r Rmas moonlike countenance and brought glory to his death by making the

separation from r Rma his excuse for it. Stricken with grief all the queens wept andpraised his comeliness of form, amiable manners, bodily might and majesty. Theylamented in a variety of ways throwing themselves upon the ground again and again.Men-servants and maid-servants alike wailed in anguish and there was weeping in everyhouse throughout the city. Today has set the sun of the solar race the perfection ofrighteousness, the repository of beauty and virtues. Everyone abused Kaikey, who hadrobbed the world of its very eyes. In this way they wailed till the close of night, when allthe great and enlightened hermits arrived. (14)

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Do.: taba basiha muni samaya sama kahi aneka itihsa,soka nevreu sabahi kara nija bigyna praksa.156.

Then the sage Vasiha narrated a number of legends befitting the occasion and

dispersed the gloom that hung over them all by the light of his wisdom. (156)0 fl H

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N H.4HCau.: tela nva bhari npa tanu rkh, duta boli bahuri asa bh.

dhvahu begi bharata pahi jhu, npa sudhi katahu kahahu jani khu.1.

etanei kahehu bharata sana j, gura boli pahayau dou bh.

suni muni yasu dhvana dhe, cale bega bara bji laje.2.

anarathu avadha arabheu jaba te, kusaguna hohibharata kahu taba te.

dekhahi rti bhaynaka sapan, jgi karahi kau koi kalapan.3.

bipra jev i dehi dina dn, siva abhieka karahi bidhi nn.

mgahi hdaya mahesa man, kusala mtu pitu parijana bh.4.

The sage caused a boat to be filled with oil and had the kings body placed in it

(to guard against decomposition); he then summoned envoys and spoke to them thus,Run quickly and go to Bharata; but break not the news about the king to anyone at anyplace. Approaching Bharata tell him only this much: The preceptor has sent for you twobrothers. Hearing the sages orders the couriers rushed alongwith a speed that wouldput an excellent steed to shame. Ever since things began to take a vicious turn inAyodhy evil omens occured before Bharata. He saw fearful dreams at night and onwaking indulged in all sorts of unpleasant speculations. He would feast Brhmaas dailyand bestow gifts on them. With elaborate ritual he would sprinkle water over an imageof Bhagavn iva and invoking the great Lord in his heart, begged of Him the welfareof his parents, family and half-brothers. (14)

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Do.: ehi bidhi socata bharata mana dhvana pahuce i,gura anussana ravana suni cale ganesu mani.157.

While Bharata was thus passing an anxious time the courier arrived. And hearingthe Gurus commands he proceeded with an invocation to Lord Gaea. (157)

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* AYODHY-KNA * 491

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Cau.: cale samra bega haya hke, nghata sarita saila bana bke.

hdaya socu baRa kachu na soh, asa jnahi jiya ju uR.1.

eka nimea baraa sama j, ehi bidhi bharata nagara niar.

asaguna hohi nagara paihr, raahi kubhti kukheta karr.2.

khara sira bolahi pratikul, suni suni hoi bharata mana sul.

rhata sara sarit bana bg, nagaru bisei bhayvanu lg.3.

khaga mga haya gaya jhi na joe, rma biyoga kuroga bigoe.nagara nri nara nipaa dukhr, manahu sabanhi saba sapati hr.4.

Urging the horses to run as fast as the wind he went on his journey crossingdifficult streams, hills and forests. There was such a great anxiety in his heart thatnothing would please him. He thought to himself, Would that I could fly home. Everymoment hung heavy like an year. In this way Bharata drew near to the city. Evil omensoccurred to him as he entered the city. Crows cawed in an ominous way at undesirableplaces. Donkeys and jackals gave a cry that foreboded evil and which pierced Bharatato the heart as he listened to it. Lakes and rivers, groves and gardens had lost theircharm; while the city wore a particulary dismal look. Birds and fawns, horses andelephants were too wretched to look at, undone by the fell disease of separation from

Rma. The people of the city, both men and women, were extremely miserable as thoughall of them had lost everything they had in their possession. (14)

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Do.: purajana milahi na kahahi kachu gavahi johrahi jhi,bharata kusala puchi na sakahibhaya bida mana mhi.158.The citizens met him but spoke not a word; they made obeisance and quietly

passed on. Bharata too could not enquire after their welfare, his mind being obsessed

with fear and grief. (158)0 fl H

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Cau.: ha ba nahi ji nihr, janu pura daha disi lgi davr.

vata suta suni kaikayanadini, hara rabikula jalaruha cadini.1.

saji rat mudita uhi dh, dvrehi bhei bhavana lei .

bharata dukhita parivru nihr, mnahu tuhina banaja banu mr.2.kaike haraita ehi bht, manahu mudita dava li kirt.

sutahi sasoca dekhi manu mre, puchati naihara kusala hamre.3.

sakala kusala kahi bharata sun, puch nija kula kusala bhal.

kahu kaha tta kah saba mt, kaha siya rma lakhana priya bhrt.4.

The bazars and the streets repelled the sight as though a wild conflagration hadbroken out in the city on all sides. Kaikey, who was to the solar race what the moon isto the lotuses, was rejoiced to hear of her sons approach. Preparing lights for wavinground his head, she sprang up and ran glad at heart, and meeting him at the very doorconducted him into her apartments. Bharata saw with wonder that while the householdwore a wretched appearance like a bed of lotuses blasted by frost, Kaikey was as

happy as a Bhla woman who had set a whole forest ablaze. Seeing her son melancholyand depressed in spirits, she asked him: Is all well in my mothers house? Bharataassured her that everything was well and then enquired after the health and welfare ofhis own family: Tell me, where is my father and where all mothers, and where is Stand my beloved brothers, r Rma and Lakmaa? (14)

0 fl H 159H

Do.: suni suta bacana sanehamaya kapaa nra bhari naina,

bharata ravana mana s ula sama ppini bol baina.159.On hearing her sons affectionate words the sinful woman brought crocodile tearsto her eyes and spoke words that pierced his ears and soul as so many shafts. (159)

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H H.4H

Cau.: tta bta mai sakala savr, bhai mathar sahya bicr.

kachuka kja bidhi bca bigreu, bhupati surapati pura pagu dhreu.1.

sunata bharatu bhae bibasa bid, janu sahameu kari kehari nd.

tta tta h tta pukr, pare bhumitala bykula bhr.2.

calata na dekhana pyau toh, tta na rmahi saupehu moh.

bahuri dhra dhari uhe sabhr, kahu pitu marana hetu mahatr.3.

suni suta bacana kahati kaike, maramu pchi janu mhura de.

dihu te saba pani karan, kuila kahora mudita mana baran.4.

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* AYODHY-KNA * 493

I have accomplished everything for you, my son; and poor Manthar has been ofgreat help to me. Only God has marred our plans a little before they could be completed;the king has departed to Indras paradise. As soon as he heard this, Bharata wasovercome with grief as an elephant who is terrified at the roar of a lion. Crying Father,father, Ah my father! he fell to the ground much agitated. I could not see you before youleft, nor did you, my father, entrust me to the care of r Rma. Then, collecting himselfhe got up with some effort and said, Tell me, mother, the cause of my fathers demise.Hearing the words of her son she replied as one who had cut a vital part and insertedpoison into it. With a glad heart the cruel and wicked woman recounted from the verybeginning all that she had done. (14)

0 H 160H

Do.: bharatahi bisareu pitu marana sunata rma bana gaunu,hetu apanapau jni jiya thakita rahe dhari maunu.160.Hearing of r Rmas exile to the forest Bharata forgot his fathers death; and

realizing in his heart that he was at the root of it he remained mute and stupefied. (160)

0 fl flH H.1Hfl H H.2H M MH

H.3H L H H.4H

Cau.: bikala biloki sutahi samujhvati, manahu jare para lonu lagvati.

tta ru nahi socai jogu, biRhai sukta jasu knheu bhogu.1.

jvata sakala janama phala pe, ata amarapati sadana sidhe.

asa anumni soca pariharah u, sahita samja rja pura karahu.2.

suni suhi sahameu rjakumr u, pke chata janu lga agru.

dhraja dhari bhari lehi uss, ppini sabahi bhti kula ns.3.

jau pai kuruci rah ati toh, janamata khe na mre moh.peRa ki tai plau s c, mna jiana niti bri ulc.4.

Observing his sons distress she comforted him like one who applied salt to aburn. The king, my son, is not fit for lamentation. He not only reaped a rich harvest ofmerit and renown but enjoyed life also. During his life-time he obtained all the rewardsof human existence and in the end ascended to the abode of Indra (the lord of immortals).Pondering thus cease sorrowing and rule the kingdom with all its limbs (such as thearmy, the exchequer, the ministers and so on). The prince was utterly dismayed to hearthese words as though a festering sore had been touched by a live coal. Recoveringhimself he heaved a deep sigh and said, O wicked woman, you have brought completeruin to our family. If you bore such deep malice, why did you not kill me as soon as I

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was born? Cutting down the tree you have watered a leaf and you have drained the pondfor keeping the fish alive. (14)

0 H.161H

Do.: hasabasu dasarathu janaku rma lakhana se bhi,janan tu janan bha bidhi sana kachu na basi.161.

Claiming my descent from the sun-god, with King Daaratha for my father andRma and Lakmaa for my brothers I have had you, mother, for my mother! One ispowerless against Providence. (161)

0 N H H.1H H N fl H.2H H fl H.3H H H.4H

Cau.: jaba tai kumati kumata jiya hayau, khaa khaa hoi hdau na gayau.

bara mgata mana bhai nahi pr, gari na jha muha pareu na kr.1.

bhupa pratti tori kimi knh, marana kla bidhi mati hari lnh.bidhihu na nri hdaya gati jn, sakala kapaa agha avaguna khn.2.

sarala susla dharama rata r u, so kimi jnai tya subhu.

asa ko jva jatu jaga mh, jehi raghuntha prnapriya nh.3.

bhe ati ahita rmu teu toh, ko t u ahasi satya kahu moh.

jo hasi so hasi muha masi l, khi oa uhi baihahi j.4.

The moment, O malicious woman, you contrived this evil design in your mind,how is it your heart did not break into pieces? While asking for the boons you did notfeel the stings of conscience, your tongue did not fall off nor did your mouth fester? Howdid the king trust you? Surely God must have robbed him of his senses on the eve of

his death. Even the Creator has not been able to know the working of a womans heart,the repository of all deceit, sin and vice! Simple, amiable and pious as the king was, howcould he know the nature of a woman? What living creature is there in the world, to whomthe Lord of Raghus is not dear as life itself? Yet even that Rma appeared to you as agreat enemy. Tell me the truth, therefore, to what species do you belong? Whatever youmay be, you had better bedaub your face with ink and leaving my presence remove tosome place out of my sight. (14)

0 N H 162H

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* AYODHY-KNA * 495

Do.: rma birodh hdaya te pragaa knha bidhi mohi,mo samna ko ptak bdi kahau kachu tohi.162.

Nay, God has created me out of a heart hostile to Rma! Who is there so sinful

as myself? In vain, therefore, do I taunt you. (162)0 H

fl H.1H H H.2H M L MH fl flH.3H H

H.4HCau.: suni satrughuna mtu kuil, jarahi gta risa kachu na bas.

tehi avasara kubar taha , basana bibhuana bibidha ban.1.

lakhi risa bhareu lakhana laghu bh, barata anala ghta huti p.

humagi lta taki kubara mr, pari muha bhara mahi karata pukr.2.

kubara ueu phua kapr u, dalita dasana mukha rudhira pracru.

ha daia mai kha nasv, karata nka phalu anaisa pv.3.

suni ripuhana lakhi nakha sikha kho, lage ghasana dhari dhari jho.

bharata daynidhi dnhi chaR, kausaly pahi ge dou bh.4.

When atrughna heard of mother Kaikeys wickedness, he burned all over with

rage; but there was no help. That very moment came the hunchback (Manthar) clad ina variety of rich costumes and adorned with various ornaments. The very sight of thatwoman filled Lakmaas younger brother with anger as though clarified butter had beenpoured into fire. Springing forward he kicked her with such steady aim at the hump thatshe fell flat on her face and screamed aloud. Her hump was smashed, her head split andher teeth broken and her mouth emitted blood. Ah, my God! what harm have I done?Surely this is an ill recompense for my services. Hearing this and seeing her vile fromhead to foot, atrughna (the slayer of his foes) seized her by the hair on her head andbegan to drag her till the merciful Bharata rescued her. The two brothers then called onmother Kausaly. (14)

0 H 163H

Do.: malina basana bibarana bikala ksa sarra dukha bhra,kanaka kalapa bara beli bana mnahu han tusra.163.

In sordid attire, pale, agitated and oppressed with woe and with a wasted frameshe looked like a lovely celestial creeper of gold blasted by frost in the forest. (163)

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Cau.: bharatahi dekhi mtu uhi dh, muruchita avani par jhai .

dekhata bharatu bikala bhae bhr, pare carana tana das bisr.1.

mtu tta kaha dehi dekh, kaha siya rmu lakhanu dou bh.

kaikai kata janam jaga mjh, jau janami ta bhai khe na b jh.2.

kula kalaku jehi janameu moh, apajasa bhjana priyajana droh.

ko tibhuvana mohi sarisa abhg, gati asi tori mtu jehi lg.3.

pitu surapura bana raghubara ket u, mai kevala saba anaratha hetu.dhiga mohi bhayau benu bana g, dusaha dha dukha duana bhg.4.

When mother Kausaly saw Bharata, she sprang up and ran to meet him; but shefelt giddy and dropped unconscious on the ground. Bharata was deeply moved to seeher plight and threw himself at her feet forgetting the condition of his own body. Mother,show me my father. Where is St and the two brothers, r Rma and Lakmaa? Whywas Kaikey born into this world at all? And if born, why did she not remain barren insteadof bearing me, a blot on my family, a very sink of infamy and an enemy of near and dearones? Who in the three spheres is so wretched as I, on whose account, mother, youhave been reduced to such a plight. My father is in heaven and r Rma, the Chief ofRaghus line, is in the woods; it is I who like a shooting star am responsible for the wholetrouble. Woe be to me, who have proved to be for my family a very fire among thebamboos and a victim of terrible agony, suffering and censure. (14)

0 H 164H

Do.: mtu bharata ke bacana mdu suni puni uh sabhri,lie uhi lagi ura locana mocati bri.164.

On hearing Bharatas tender words, Kausaly rose with a renewed effort and liftinghim clasped him to her bosom; while tears streamed from her eyes. (164)

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* AYODHY-KNA * 497

Cau.: sarala subhya mya hiya le, ati hita manahu rma phiri e.

bheeu bahuri lakhana laghubh, soku sanehu na hdaya sam.1.

dekhi subhu kahata sabu ko, rma mtu asa khe na ho.

mt bharatu goda baihre,

su pochi mdu bacana ucre.2.

ajahu baccha bali dhraja dharah u, kusamau samujhi soka pariharahu.

jani mnahu hiya hni galn, kla karama gati aghaita jn.3.

khuhi dosu dehu jani tt, bh mohi saba bidhi bma bidht.

jo etehu dukha mohi jiv, ajahu ko jnai k tehi bhv.4.

Guileless by nature, mother Kausaly pressed him to her bosom with utmostaffection as though r Rma Himself had come back. She then embraced Lakmaasyounger brother (atrughna); her heart was too full with grief and love. Everyone whosaw her loving disposition said, Rmas mother that she is, no wonder she should beso loving. The mother seated Bharata in her lap and wiping away his tears spoke to himin soothing words: I adjure you, my child, to compose yourself even now; knowing this

to be an unpropitious time sorrow no more. Take not to heart the loss we have sustainedand feel no remorse for it, remembering that the course of time and fate is unalterable.Do not blame anyone, my son; it is Providence that has turned hostile to me in every-way. And when He makes me survive even under such trying circumstances, whoknows what may be His pleasure with regard to me even now? (14)

0 N H 165H

do.: pitu yasa bhuana basana tta taje raghubra,

bisamau harau na hdaya kachu pahire balakala cra.165.At his fathers command, dear child, the hero of Raghus line discarded his

ornaments and princely apparel and put on a hermits dress (consisting of the bark oftrees) without either sorrow or exultation. (165)

0 H H.1H H L L H.2H H fl H.3H H N H.4H

Cau.: mukha prasanna mana raga na rou, saba kara saba bidhi kari paritou.

cale bipina suni siya saga lg, rahai na rma carana anurg.1.

sunatahi lakhanu cale uhi sth, rahahi na jatana kie raghunth.

taba raghupati sabah siru n, cale saga siya aru laghu bh.2.

rmu lakhanu siya banahi sidhe, gaiu na saga na prna pahe.

yahu sabu bh inha khinha ge, tau na taj tanu jva abhge.3.

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mohi na lja nija nehu nihr, rma sarisa suta mai mahatr.

jiai marai bhala bhupati jn, mora hdaya sata kulisa samn.4.

With a cheerful countenance, and without either joy or anger, he comforted all in

everyway and proceeded to the forest. Hearing this St followed him and would not stay,devoted as she was to Rmas feet. Lakmaa also, when he heard this, sprang up andaccompanied them; he would not be left behind even though the Lord of Raghus tried hisbest to detain him. The Lord of Raghus then bowed his head to all and departed with Stand his younger brother (Lakmaa). So Rma, Lakmaa and St left for the woods,whereas I neither accompanied them nor sent my soul after them (leaving my bodyhere). All this happened before these eyes and yet this wretched soul did not take leaveof the body. I am not ashamed of my love; to think that a son like Rma should havea mother like me! The king knew well how to live and how to die; whereas my heart isa hundred times harder than adamant. (14)

0

fl flH 166HDo.: kausaly ke bacana suni bharata sahita ranivsu,

bykula bilapata rjagha mnahu soka nevsu.166.

Hearing Kausalys words, Bharata and the whole gynaeceum wailed in distress;the kings palace seemed the very abode of sorrow. (166)

0 N H H.1H

Z ZH H.2H H H.3H fl H H.4H

Cau.: bilapahi bikala bharata dou bh, kausaly lie hdaya lag.bhti aneka bharatu samujhe, kahi bibekamaya bacana sune.1.

bharatahu mtu sakala samujh, kahi purna ruti kath suh.

chala bihna suci sarala subn, bole bharata jori juga pn.2.

je agha mtu pit suta mre, gi goha mahisura pura jre.

je agha tiya blaka badha knhe, mta mahpati mhura dnhe.3.

je ptaka upaptaka ahah, karama bacana mana bhava kabi kahah.

te ptaka mohi hohu bidht, jau yahu hoi mora mata mt.4.

Much agitated, the two brothers, Bharata and atrughna, loudly lamented andKausaly clasped them to her bosom. She comforted Bharata in many ways andtendered words of wisdom to him. Bharata too in his turn consoled all his mothers,narrating legends from the Puras and Vedas. Joining both his palms he addressedthem in guileless, innocent, simple and charming words: The sins attaching to the

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* AYODHY-KNA * 499

murder of ones mother, father or son and to the act of setting fire to a cowpen or a villageof Brhmaas, and those incurred by slaying a woman or child and by administeringpoison to a friend or a monarch, nay, all the major and minor sins of thought, word ordeed, that have been enumerated by the seers,let all such sins be mine if, my mother,this plot has my concurrence. (14)

0 H 167H

Do.: je parihari hari hara carana bhajahi bhutagana ghora,tehi kai gati mohi deu bidhi jau janan mata mora.167.

May Providence award me the fate of those who forsaking the feet of r Hari andLord iva worship frightful ghosts, if, mother, I have complicity in this plot. (167)

0 H Sfl H.1H Hfl H.2H H H.3H H H.4H

Cau.: becahi bedu dharamu duhi leh, pisuna parya ppa kahi deh.

kapa kuila kalahapriya krodh, beda biduaka bisva birodh.1.

lobh lapaa lolupacr, je tkahi paradhanu paradr.

pvau mai tinha kai gatighor, jau janan yahu samata mor.2.

je nahi sdhusaga anurge, paramratha patha bimukha abhge.

je na bhajahi hari naratanu p, jinhahi na hari hara sujasu soh.3.

taji rutipathu bma patha calah, bacaka biraci bea jagu chalah.

tinha kai gati mohi sakara de u, janan jau yahu jnau bheu.4.

If, mother, all this has my approval, let me share the terrible fate of those who sellthe Vedas, exploit their piety, are given to backbiting and expose others sins, who aredeceitful, wicked, quarrelsome and irascible, who revile the Vedas and are hostile to the

world, nay, who are greedy and lecherous and behave as the repacious do, and whocast their eyes on others wealth and others wife. Nay, mother, if I ever knew this secret,may Lord iva allot me the fate of those wretches who love not the company of thevirtuous, who have rejected the path leading to God-Realization, who worship not rHari even though blessed with a human form, and take no delight in the glory of r Hariand Lord iva, who have abandoned the path of the Vedas and follow the contrary way,and who are impostors and deceive the world by assuming false appearances. (14)

0 H 168H

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Do.: mtu bharata ke bacana suni sce sarala subhya ,kahati rma priya tta tumha sad bacana mana kya .168.

Hearing Bharatas truthful, artless and sincere words mother Kausaly said, You,

my dear child, have always loved Rma in thought, word and deed. (168)0 H

fl dfl H.1H L H H.2H dfl H H.3H D fl H

H.4HCau.: rma prnahu te prna tumhre, tumha raghupatihi prnahu te pyre.bidhu bia cavai sravai himu g, hoi bricara bri birg.1.

bhae gynu baru miai na mohu, tumha rmahi pratikula na hohu.

mata tumhra yahu jo jaga kahah, so sapanehu sukha sugati na lahah.2.

asa kahi mtu bharatu hiya le, thana paya sravahinayana jala che.

karata bilpa bahuta yahi bht, baihehi bti ga saba rt.3.

bmadeu basiha taba e, saciva mahjana sakala bole.

muni bahu bhti bharata upadese, kahi paramratha bacana sudese.4.

Rma is dearer to you than your own life, and likewise you are dearer to the Lord

of Raghus than his own life. The moon may diffuse poison (through her rays) and snowemit fire; nay, an aquatic creature may shun water and spiritual enlightenment may failto eradicate error; but in no case will you turn hostile to Rma. Those in this world whoallege this plot was contrived with your connivance shall never attain happiness orsalvation even in a dream. So saying mother Kausaly clasped Bharata to her bosom;milk began to flow from her breasts and her eyes filled with tears. In this way theysquatted away the whole night lamenting in profusion. The sages Vmadeva andVasiha then came and summoned all the ministers and the elite of the city. Vasihaadmonished Bharata in many ways speaking to him words of wisdom appropriate to theoccasion. (14)

0 N fl H 169H

Do.: tta hdaya dhraju dharahu karahu jo avasara ju,uhe bharata gura bacana suni karana kaheu sabu sju.169.

Have courage in your heart, dear son, and do what the occasion demandstoday. Hearing his preceptors commands Bharata rose and asked everything to begot ready. (169)

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