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1/295

Free Hindi Books In

PDF

O s h o B o o k s I n H i n d i

R e l i g i o u s B o o k s I n H i n d i

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,

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5/295

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13/295

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6.7 6.8

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14/295

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15/295

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16/295

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81/295

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ls () , dir

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filename

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() textfile

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pwd

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whatis strings

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82/295

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91/295

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92/295

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93/295

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95/295

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96/295

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97/295

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98/295

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Command Meaning

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break

cd

continue

echo

eval

exec

fg

jobs

kill

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shift

stop

suspend

time



99/295

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Command Meaning

umask

unset

wait

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atq

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batch

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kill .

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100/295

98

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ps

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time .

top .

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vmstat .

w .

wall .

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write .

.

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101/295

99

lpr

lpq

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102/295

100

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mount

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tar .

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umount ()

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chmod 400file

.

chmod 500directory

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chmod 600

file

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103/295

101

Command Meaning

chmod 644file

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chmod 660file

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chmod 700file

.

chmod 755

directory

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chmod 775file

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chmod 777file

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104/295

102

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105/295

103

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cat

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:

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106/295

104

, ,

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----

////

aliases

,

bashrc

, cshrc.

crontab

cron.*

- ,

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file systems : ext3, vfat, iso9660 etc.

fstab

ftp* :

,

,



107/295

105

////

group

groupadd, groupmod

groupdel

grub.conf

hosts

,

,

/etc/sysconfig

httpd

inittab : ,

issue ( )

ld.so.conf

lilo.conf,silo.conf,aboot.confetc.

,

logrotate.* ,

mail ,



108/295

106

////

modules.conf

()

motd

: (

)

/

mtab

nsswitch.conf

,

pam.d

passwd

useradd, usermodand userdel

printcap

profile

:

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109/295

107

////

rc*

resolv.conf (

)

sendmail.cf

services ( )

sndconfig

sound

ssh

sysconfig

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xinetd.*

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,

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110/295

108

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console

cua*

dsp*

fd*

,

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hd[a-t][1-16] ,

ir*



111/295

109

isdn*

js*

lp*

mem

midi*

mixer*music (

, )

modem

mouse(msmouse,logimouse, psmouse

null ,

par*

pty*

radio*

ram*

sd* ,

sequencer ( )

tty* ,

usb*

video*



112/295

110

6666....13131313

/var

( ls , ) ,

, , , ,/var -

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, /var/tmp,

,

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113/295

111

/var/www,

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(

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.

. top

.

$top

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-

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114/295

112

pstree . -

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115/295

113

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116/295

114

passwd . passwd

a a

.chpasswd

useradd .

useradd arun arun .Linux Quick Reference

SOME USEFUL COMMANDS

.... //// ls / .

.

cp . cp /home/hi.txt

/home/arun/ /home hi.txt

/home/arun .mv . rm /home/hi.txt /home/arun/ /home

hi.txt /home/arun

.

rm

ln

cd .

cd..

cd / ()

cd ~

cd

pwd



117/295

115

mkdir . mkdir /home/a /home

a .

rmdir

cat ( )

less

head

tail

nl

od xxd

gv /

xdvi TeX DVI

emacs vim

umask

soffice , ,

abiword .

gnumeric

stat

wc , ,

du

file

touch



118/295

116

chown

chgrp

chmod

chattr

lsattr

find . find golu.jpg golu.jpg

.

slocate

which .

which grep - /bin/grep

whereis ,

(((( )))) grep

cut

paste

tr

sort

uniq tee stdin stdout

gzip

(GNU )

compress ( )

bzip2 (BZip2)



119/295

117

zip

( )

diff --

comm

cmp

by

md5sum

df

mount ( , )

fsck

sync

mt

dump

restore

tar /

cdrecord

rsync

lpr

lpq

lprm



120/295

118

look

aspell

spell

ps

w

uptime

top

xload

free () kill

nice

renice

sleep watch

at

crontab

uname

hostname

ifconfig /

host

whois

ping

traceroute



121/295

119

ssh

telnet

scp sftp

ftp

evolution

mutt

mail

mozilla

lynx

wget

slrn

gaim

talk /

write

mesg

grip 3

xmms 3

cdparanoia

audacity xcdroast

free

clear

echo



122/295

120

:::: ++++zzzz ....

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***************



123/295

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124/295

122

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123

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126/295

124

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127/295

125

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128/295

126

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129/295

127

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130/295

128

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129

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.

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.

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. . .

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. program

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$ sudo apt-get remove program

.

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+

Group Shift Lock Behavior

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203/295

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(

)

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Control Center

Index Regional & Accessibility +

Keyboard Layout

Enable Keyboard Layouts

, , , Add >> Xkb Options

Enable Xkb Option

Group Shift / Lock behavior , + Apply

13131313....4444 ::::

.

,

.

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204/295

202

# wvdialconf /etc/wvdial.conf

. ,

.

.

[Dialer Defaults]Modem = /dev/ttyS1Baud = 115200Init1 = ATZPhone = 172226Username = Your-USERNAMEPassword = Your-PASSWORD

--

# wvdial

13131313....5555 ::::

ISO

. CD/DVD ISO

.

.

ISO .

"Computer" "Places> Computer" .

CD/DVD Drive "Copy

Disc"



205/295

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"Copy Disc" . "Copy Disc

To..." "File Image" "Write"

.



206/295

204

.

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205

.

. '' .

.

:

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.

(hi-baraha.mim) /usr/share/m17n

.

SCIM scim-m17n

. hi-baraha.mim .

/usr/share/m17n .

m17n .

, ,

.

.

.

.



208/295

206

. ,

.

,

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-

# wine baraha.exe

, baraha.exe

, ,

. baraha70.exe.

.

. ,

. ?

. ,

,

. 1 http://code.indlinux.net/projects/baraha-maps/

(



209/295

207

-baraha-maps-0.2.tar.gz)

.

2

# tar xzf baraha-maps-0.2.tar.gz

3 # cd baraha-maps-0.2

4 # make

5 --# sudo make install

!

.

.

13131313....7777 :::: ::::

.

. :http://www.linuxmint.com/repository/daryna/mintmenu_2.8_i386.deb



210/295

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:

,

,



211/295

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""

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212/295

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,

" "

Restricted

"All Available

Application" " "

# flashplugin-nonfree# gstreamer0.10-plugins-ugly# gstreamer0.10-plugins-ugly-multiverse# msttcorefonts# sun-java5-jre# sun-java5-plugin

13131313....9999 :::: ....

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www

::::

:

:

sudo -s

etc/gdm/

gdm.conf

:AllowRoot=false

false true

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.

. ,"

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214/295

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/ .

.

,

. ?

.

:http://www.acetoneiso.netsons.org/

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.

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213

.

:http://ubuntu.online02.com/node/14



216/295

214

13131313....12121212 ::::

: menu.lst .

.

, .



217/295

215

sudo apt-get install startupmanager

.

System>Administration >Startup Manager

.

13131313....13131313 :::: ::::

....

,

, ,

: https://localhost:10000/

:

1.

2. ,



218/295

216

3. .

4. : http://www.stress-free.co.nz/webmin-theme/

5.

http://www.webmin.com/ apt-get install webmin

.

(

)

, ,

, ,

,



219/295

217

, ,

13131313....14141414 ::::

msconfig

system > administrative tools> services

: -



220/295

218

system > preference > sessions

exe

properties

13131313....15151515 ::::

Apache HTTP Server

MySQL Database Server

PHP



221/295

219

:

phpMyAdmin

Webmin

Webmin Skins

3

apache2, mysql-server,php5,php5-gd,php5-mysql

mysql server

http://localhost/



222/295

220

/var/www/

it works html

www.webmin.com



223/295

221

:https://localhost:10000/



224/295

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:

http://www.stress-free.co.nz/webmin-theme?page=

webmin >webmin configuration > Webmin

Themes

.



225/295

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.

existing virtual webhost .



226/295

224

/var/www/

mysql



227/295

225

13131313....16161616 ::::

( )

.

C:\

Drive

> >



228/295

226



229/295

227

> > >



230/295

228

13131313....17171717 :::: RAR

?

Archive Manager

.

Sinaptic Package Manager .

. .

unrar .

. Apply . Archive Manager

.



231/295

229

13131313....18181818 ::::

-1



232/295

230

,

, ,

PDF



233/295

231

,

JPG, BMP,

TIFF, PNG

.



234/295

232

13131313....19191919 ::::

?

?

https://dl-

ssl.google.com/linux/linux_signing_key.pub

> >



235/295

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Authentication



236/295

234

:deb http://dl.google.com/linux/deb/ stable non-free



237/295

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.

13131313....20202020 ::::

( )



238/295

236

http://desktop.google.com/en/linux/download.html

http://picasa.google.com/linux/download.html



239/295

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http://earth.google.com/download-earth.html

. .

Accessories > Terminal

cd /home/yourname/Desktop



240/295

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sh GoogleEarthLinux.bin


241/295

239

--

.

http://www.cstr.ed.ac.uk/projects/festival/download.html .

, , , , -

.

,

.

.

:

http://janabhaaratii.org.in:9673/indicbhaaratii/Members/Priti_Patil/festival-hi-0-1-tar.gz

:

http://janabhaaratii.org.in:9673/indicbhaaratii/Members/Priti_Patil/festival-hi-0-1-tar.gz

. -

install.sh . .

,

.

-- -

1

2



242/295

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3

:

$ festival

festival> (voice_hindi_NSK_diphone)

festival> (tts "/home/sample.txt" nil)

/home/sample.txt ,

.

,

.

, . , . , , ,

.

13131313....22222222 :::: //// ////

?

1



243/295

241

# dmesg | grep ttyACM

,

( ) .

.

2

.

# ln s /dev/ttyACM0 /dev/mobile

ACM0 0 , O .

3

:

# chmod a+rw /dev/mobile

4

mobiles.rules

/etc/udev/rules.d .



244/295

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Content: BUS=="usb" SYSFS{product}=="Qualcomm CDMA

Technologies MSM*" KERNEL=="ttyACM*"

SYMLINK=="mobile" MODE=="666"

( ) . Configure .

#777

. .

Modem

/dev/ttyACM0

OK .

( )

. -

internet .

13131313....23232323 :::: 9999

.

.

.



245/295

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13131313....24242424 ::::

. http://raviratlami.googlepages.com/Remington-Krutidev-Online-

Hindi-Easy-Editor.htm

dev.remington.bin -

http://oriya.sarovar.org/download/dev.remington.bin

/usr/share/scim/tables .

. . .

13131313....25252525 ::::

. /usr/share/fonts/TTF

chkfontpath .

.font .

- chkfontpath -a [.fonts-directory]....

.

13.26 :



246/295

244

,

.

. -

$mkdir /mnt/usb

$mount /dev/sda1 /mnt/usb

.

$umount /mnt/usb

14

1111::::



247/295

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http://linux.orghttp://linux.com

http://kernel.org

http://tldp.org

:http://freshmeat.nethttp://sf.net



248/295

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http://rpmfind.net/

http://linuxquestions.org

http://slashdot.orghttp://linuxcentral.orghttp://internet.com

http://www.lfymag.com/index.asp?id=13



249/295

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http://linuxjournal.com

, http://linuxworld.com

http://linmodems.org

http://www.linux-tips.net/



250/295

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http://www.howtoforge.com/

http://www.ubuntu.com/getubuntu/download

( -

)

http://blug.in

-http://linux-delhi.org

http://ilug-bom.org

http://plug-org.in

-http://triglug.sarovar.org

2222 :::: ::::

::::

: !

[

( ))))



251/295

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....

, , ,

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....

....

....

http://www.efytimes.com/archive/144144144144////news.htm....

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253/295

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:

-

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::::

लाइनेक्स पॉकेट गाइड limux pcket guide

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