1

Øekad 1% Kkunso’kd

Ekgkjk”Vªakr jkensojk; ;knoakP;k dkGakregkuqHkkoakuh vkiY;k iaFkkph vksG[k d:u nsrakukejkBharp xzaFk-jpuk dsyh- ;k iUFkakrhy dfo vkf.kys[kdakuk egkjk”Vª o ejkBh Hkk”kk ;kfo”k;ha vR;UrvkLFkk gksrh] vkReh;rk gksrh] izse gksrsa-

EkwGps xqtZj izkUrakrhy vlwufg Lor%pØ/kjakuk egkjk”Vªkfo”k;ha fo’ks”k vfHkeku vlY;kpsafnlwu ;srsa- R;akps gs mn~xkj igk] ^^dkuMkns’kk]rsyax.kns’kk] u opkosa] egkjk”Vªh; vlkosa]** vlkvkiY;k vuq;k;akuk xzaFk-ys[kuklaca/kha R;akpk naMdgksrk- pØ/kjakps f’k”; ukxnsokpk;Z ;akuh^^czãfo|sl ekf>;k Lokehpk ifjok: ukxoSy dha]Hk.kksuh gs ds’kok] laLÑr lw=c) izdj.k u djhrwa** vlk vkiY;k f’k”;akuk mins’k dsyk vkgs-

;k iUFkakrhy dohauh o xzaFkdkjakuh ejkBharpmPpntkZph vyksV ok³~e; fufeZrh dsyh- egkjk”Vª‘kkjnspas gas viwoZ nkyu m?kMs ÖkkY;kiklwu ejkBhHkk”ksyk iq”Vh vkyh] frpsa lkSan;Z ok<yas- ejkBhps

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iMlkn R;akuh vklsrq-fgekpyki;ZUr ikspfoys-R;akuh vkiY;k ijhusa egkjk”Vª Hkk”ksph Qkj pakxyhlsok dsyh- x|-i|kps vusdfo/k uequs] o.kZuizdkjakph fofo/krk] jlkGi.kk] vks?korh ‘kSyh v’kkfo’ks”kakuh egkuqHkkoakuh ejkBh Hkk”kk ltfoyh-brdsp uOgsa] rj egkjk”Vª Hkk”kspsa O;kdj.k vkf.kdks’k bR;kfn ok³~e;fg fuekZ.k dsysa- egkuqHkkodfo vkf.k ys[kd ;akpsa ejkBhfo”k;hapsa gsa izse ikgwueu eksgwu tkrsa-

ek=] dkGkP;k vks?kakr ?kMr vlysY;k;k Hkk”ksyk Kkunsoakuh varckZá mtGwu vf}rh;izfr”Bk feGowu fnyh- ^^ek>k ejkBkfp cksyawdofrdsaA ijh ve`rkrasfg iStk ftadasA ,Slh v{kjsajfldsaA esGohuAA v’kh izfrKk d:u R;akuh rhrMhl usyh- R;akuh ejkBh Hkk”kspsa v{kj’k% lksusadsysa- ;keqGsap laLÑr Hkk”kk dksfonakpk ejkBhHkk”kslaca/khpk iwoZxzg lewG cnyyk- ;kf’kok;Kkunsoakuh ejkBh Hkk”ksyk ,d Qkj osxGh izfr”BkizkIr d:u fnyh vkf.k R;akpsa gsa ejkBh Hkk”ksykQkj eksBs ;ksxnku vkgsa-

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R;k dkGakr vkf.k gtkjks o”kk±iklwu oSfnd/kekZpsa j{k.k dj.kkjk fo|klaié czkã.k oxZ gksrk-dks.krkfg /keZiaFk vlyk rjh rks osnkP;k vfo:)vlsy rjp ekU;rk ikorks v’kh fLFkrh gksrh-^JqrsfjokFk±Le`frjUoxPNr~* gkp U;k; loZ ckcrharykxw gksrk- ^^osnks∙f[kyks∙/keZewye~** Hkkjrh;akph ghthou-fu”Bk gtkjksa o”kk±iklwu pkyr vkysyh vlwurh v<G jkfgysyh vkgs- Hkkjrh; /keZ o rÙoKku;akpsa Lo:i lokZFkkZusa vkf.k iw.kkZFkkZusa fo’kn dj.kkjsizLFkku=;& Eg.kts n’kksifu”knsa] czãlw=sa] vkf.kJh˜on~xhrk&;k Hkjr[k.Makr izek.kHkwr gksÅujkfgysysa vkgsa-

;keqGsa ,dknh O;fä vxnh egkekuokP;k;ksXîkrsph vlwufg tj rh izLFkku=;kfo”k;ha dkaghafyghr ulsy rj fo}Ttuakuk rh vknj.kh; gksrukgh- izLFkku=;akrhy ,d xzaFk tks xhrk rkspKkunsoakuha Hkk”;klkBha&VhdslkBha&dak fuoMyk(nqljk ,dknk xzaFk dak fuoMyk ukgh ;kpsa dkj.kvkrak vkiY;k /;kuha ;sbZy- nqljsa vls dha] xhrkpdak fuoMyh] czãlw=sa dak ?ksryh ukghr\ ;kpsa [kjsdkj.k vls dha] Hkxon~xhrk gk nSuafnu O;ogkjakrvl.kkÚ;k cgqtu lektkpk xzaFk vkgs- xhrk loZosnakpk vdZ vkgs( ;keqGsap thoukpsa [kjs lkFkZd

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dj.kkjk xzaFkjkt vkgs- ‘k³~djkpk;Z Eg.krkr]^^rfnnaxhrk’kkL=a leLr osnkFkZ lkjlaxzgHkwra nqfoZKs;kFkZe~ArnFksZ foKkrs leLr iq:”kkFkZ flf)% vr% rf}oj.ks;Ru% fØ;rs e;kA** xhrk-‘kk³~dj-miksn~?kkr-Hkk”;-

vkpk;k±uh izkekf.kdi.ksa vkf.k uezrkiwoZd oLrq-fLFkrh fuosnu dsyh vkgs dha] xhrk nqfoZKs;kFkZvkgs- ^^vr% rr~ fooj.ks e;k ;Ru% fØ;rs A**Eg.kwu R;kP;k fooj.kklkBha ekÖîkkdMwu iz;Ru dsyktkr vkgs- vlk deZf.k iz;ksx R;akuh ;ksftykvkgs- czãlw= Hkk”;akr ^o;a czwe%* v’kh xtZukdj.kkÚ;k vkpk;k±ph xhrkHkk”;akrhy vxfrdrsphHkk”kk xhrsph egkurkp n’kZfors- ew[kZ usgeh Bkei.kslakxrks ek= izcq) tckcnkjhusa] tiwu cksyrks-nqfoZKs;kFkZrk gh xhrslaca/kha oLrqfLFkrhp vkgs( i.kvkpk;k±ph rh uezrk R;akP;k mÙkqax Kkukpk lgtifj.kke Eg.kwu ekukoh ykxsy- ;k lanHkk±r okeuiafMrkaph ^;FkkFkZ nhfidk* igk- Li”V cksy.îkkpht:jh ukgha- dks.kkykfg frP;klaca/kha eukseutk.kosy-

Kkunso Eg.krkr] ,Úgoh eh ew[kZ vkgs]rjhfg xhrkFkZ dj.îkkpsa /kkMl djrkas vkgas] gsavkdk’kkyk xol.kh ?kky.îkklkj[ks vkgs-

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xhrkFkkZlaca/kha oLrqfLFkrh v{kj’k% v’khp vkgs-vkpk;Z vFkok Kkunso ;akr dkMhbrdhfgvfr’k;ksfä djhr ukghr( ;kcjkscj gsfg [kjs vkgsdha] gh xks”V rs nks?ks eqäeukusa o fu%ladksp izdVdjrkr ;ko:u izrhr gks.kkjh R;akP;k Kkukphxxuk,o<h maph vkf.k lkxjk,o<h [kksyh vkEgakikejakuk d’kh dGkoh\ R;akpk xkSjo djrkuk R;akphfuank rj gks.kkj ukgh uk! v’khp Hkhfr okVrs-

;kl–‘k gsa ,d mnkgj.k igk] ^^l[k;krqÖksfu mís’ksaA HksVko;k tho mYglsA dha fl)fpHksVh foldqlsA ,sfl;k fcgsAA ;klkBha] ekSukph v{kjsaHkyhA jpksfu xksBh dsyh esfG;sphAA**

vkpk;Z vFkok Kkunso ;akP;klaca/kha dakghacksy.ksa Qkj Qkj vo?kM vkgs- R;akP;kok³~e;ksn/khar vkdaB cqMkos ;klkj[kk nqljk mik;ukgh-

vkrak jkfgyk iz’u Hkk”kspk- ejkBh Hkk”kk gh/keZ o rÙoKku ;akP;k vFkkZph okgd gksÅa ‘kdrsdak\ /keZ-rÙoKkukpk xgu-xaHkhj vk’k; ejkBhykisyosy dka\ [kjsp ,dsdkGha gh Qkj vo?kMleL;k gksrh- Eg.kwu rj iwoZlwjh yksdHkk”ksarwu osnkFkZ

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fo’kn dj.îkkyk dpjr gksrs- cjkscjp vkgs rsa! gsa,Ú;kxckGîkkpsa dkep uOgrsa

ek=] egkjk”Vªakr vlk peRdkj ?kMyk-osnkFkZ fo’kn dj.kkjk xzaFk ejkBh Hkk”ksar fuekZ.k>kyk- ;kpsa dkj.k Kkunsoakph vlkekU; vkf.keguh; ;ksX;rk! EkjkBh Hkk”kspsa us=nhid lkeF;ZKkunsoakuh izdV dsysa] gk ,d vR;n~Hkwr peRdkjp?kMyk- vkiY;k vFkZokgd izHkkokusa] xakfHk;kZusa]Hkk”ksP;k lkSan;kZusa] izlknkusa] vyadkj miekfnHkw”k.kkusa] ykfyR;kusa] ‘kkyhursusa vkf.k dkO;e;rsusaKkunsoakph fLuX/k-e/kqj ok.kh th ,dne izdV >kyhvkf.k brdh foy{k.k izfr”Bk ikoyh dha]fo|klaié oxkZph efrp daqfBr Ökkyh] R;akpsa us=fniysa vkf.k frpk xq.kxkSjo dj.îkklkBhaHkY;kHkY;akpsa ‘kCn-HkakMkjfg viqjs iMaw ykxysa- ;kegkjk”Vª Hkw-eaMGakr foÜokfe=kykfg yktohy v’khuwru l`f”V fuekZ.k Ökkyh- ^b;sa ejkBhfp;sa uxjha*czãfo|spk lqdkG Ökkyk vkf.k ;kcjkscjp ejkBhusadhrhZpk xkSjh’kadj xkByk-

foÜokP;k ok³~e;akr KkusÜojhlkj[kk lok±xlaqnj xzaFk>kykp ukgh-

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Kkunsoakpsa gsa _.k ejkBh Hkkf”kdakuk d/khfgQsMrk ;s.kkj ukgh- R;akps ,o<s vuar vkf.kfpjdkyhu midkj vkgsr dha] R;akP;k ;k_.kklkBha gk mHkk egkjk”Vª R;akpk ikbd gksÅujkghy vkf.k R;akP;k eksps-ogk.kk lnSo mjha-f’kjha/kjsy- rsa _.k’ks”k okpk b;kA u QsMosfp ejksfu;kArsa ik;k iMksuh fe;k A lksMfo;ysa AA

vkrka egkjk”Vª fnunf’kZdsae/;sa eh 7-14 gkKkunso‘kd dak ekuyk rs lkaxrks-

- -rsFk egs’kkUo; laHkwrsA Jh fuo`fÙkukFk lqrsaAdsysa Kkunsosa xhrsA ns’khdkj ys.ksaAA

xhrsoj Kkunsokauh gk egkjk”Vª Hkk”kspkvyadkj ?kkryk vkgs- yksd Eg.krkr] Kkunsoakuhxhrsoj Hkk”; dsysa vkgsa] Vhdk dsyh vkgs- eykukgha rlas okVr- ekÖîkk ersa Kkunso gs mitr dfo-izÑrhpas- R;akpk fiaMp eqGh rlk- rs dkO;pcksyk;psa] dkO;p txk;psa vls R;akpsa pfj=-R;akuk yksd dY;k.kklkBha vkf.k izkphu ijaijsP;kj{k.kklkBha xhrsoj cksy.ksa vko’îkd okVysa fdaacgqukR;klkBhap R;akpk vorkj gksrk- R;akpsa rsa thou-

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dk;Z gksrsa- vkrak gsa /;kuha ?;k dha] T;kP;kthouakr dkO; dakBksdakB Hkjysa vkgsa rks nqlÚ;kosxGîkk i)rhusa dls dk; cksy.kkj\

;keqGsap] R;k osGha] Kkunso xhrsoj tascksyyas R;kyk dkO;xk;ukpsap Lo:Ik izkIr Ökkysa-uOgsa] rs mUeqäi.ksa xkrp jkfgys vls EgVY;kl rsapwd B:a u;as- R;akpk mÌs’k ,dp]

dakBksdakB Hk:a |k isyk] Qsl HkjkHkj mlGwa |kizk’ku dfjrak jax txkps] {k.kks{k.kha rs cnywa |k

xhrkFksZfl foÜo Hk:aA- - --- -vkuankps vkok:aA eakMwa txkAA

;sFkas iwokZ/kZ iw.kZ >kyk-

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Kkunso’kd % mÙkjk/kZKkunsoakP;k O;fäRoakrhy dfo] rÙoKkuh

vkf.k vkRekuqHkoh gs rhufg iSyw xhrasojhyfoospukP;k vks?kakr t.kwa ,desdkoj ekr djrkrvls tk.koras- ;keqGsa dfo Kkunso Js”B vkgsr dakrÙoKkuh vFkok vkRekuqHkoh Kkunso Js”B vkgsr]gk fu.kZ; dj.ks [kjks[kj vo?kM vkgs- lok±xakuh gasO;fäeRo brds ,dla/k vkgsa dha] rha loZp vaxsa,dleku mPp dksVhph vkgsar- R;akr rj-re Hkkodjrkp ;sr ukgh- letk cQhZlkj[kk inkFkZ vkgs]frP;akrhy otu] vkdkj o xksMh rqEgakl osxosxGhd:u nk[kfork ;srhy dk;\ dfo] rÙoKkuh]vkRekuqHkoh bR;kfg vusdfo/k vaxakuh le`)vl.kkjas gas vuqie O;faäÙo vkgsa-;kp rksMhpsa i.kO;kogkfjd Hkwfedsoj vlysysa f’kojk;akpsa O;fäÙo-gha nksUgha O;fäÙosa vuqie vkgsr] vf}rh; vkgsr]vkf.k yksdfoy{k.k vkgsr-

egkjk”Vªakr ,dkis{kakfg ,d vls fdrhrjhJs”B iq:”k gksÅu xsys vkgsr- i.k Kkunso vkf.kf’kojk; ;akpsa ;’k vksyakMwu v|ki dks.khfg xsysukgha- vkf.k ;kiq<sfg gh xks”V ?kM.îkkph ‘kD;rk

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v’kD; dksVharhy vkgs- ;k egkjk”Vªokfl;akuhtUeksTkUeha cgq iq.îk dsysa vlysa ikfgts vkf.k;keqGsap dha dk;] ;k egkjk”Vªkyk gha egku~ ujjRusaykHkyha- gsa egkjk”Vªkpsa HkkXîk [kjks[kj gsokokV.îkklkj[ks vkgas-

v’kk izdkjsa ;k vuU;lk/kkj.k O;fäÙoakukdsoG iq:”kJs”B Eg.kkos] rjh viw.kZ oäO;kpk nks”kinjha ;srks vkf.k R;akuk jke-Ñ”.kklkj[ks vorkjhiq:”k Eg.kkosa] rj gsa rjh fdrir ;ksXîk gksbZy] ghfg‘kadk jgkrsp- eksBs tfVy xf.kr vkgs gsa! vxnh]rqt] lxq.k Eg.kks dha] fuxqZ.k js! v’kklkj[ks- ek=;kp HktukP;k vFkkZusa gk isp funku ekÖîkkckcreh lksMfoyk vkgs-

rqt lxq.k Eg.kks dha fuxqZ.k js A

rdZ’kkL= fopkjrsa] bZÜojkyk rqEgha dks.kR;kdksVhar ?kky.kkj\

Jqfr Eg.krs] dks.kR;kp dksVhar ?kky.kkj ukgh-usfr usfr-

Hkä Eg.krkr] nksUgha dksVhar ?kkywa

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Lkxq.k fuxqZ.k ,d xksfoanq jsA

Kkunso Eg.krkr] dksVhp ukghr vkf.k bZÜojvkgs- Eg.kwu rdkZpsa dkep ukgha-

Ckki j[kqeknsoho: foðyq jsA

Ekh ;kp rÙokyk vuqljyks vkgas- Kkunsovkf.k f’kojk; ;k egkjk”VªkP;k ekrhar] ;sFkY;kMksaxj ioZrakr] ;sFkhy oujkb±r] b;sa ns’khP;k tu-thouakr Ik;kZ;kus txTthouakr v[kaM vkgsr-Eg.kwu rj vkt ?kMhykfg ejkBh Hkk”kk m.ks KkusÜojh-¾ 0 Eg.kts dakghap f’kYyd jkgr ukgh- vkf.kegkjk”Vª m.ks f’kojk; ¾ 0- v’kh fLFkrh vkgs-

‘kds ckjk’krsa ckjksÙkjsaA rSa Vhdk dsyh KkunsosaAAgsa egkjk”VªkP;k thouakrhy viwoZ ;ksx vlysysalqo.kZ-laoRlj vkgsa- ;k le;ha ;k egkdkUrkjake?;saKkunsohpk vkfoHkkZo Ökkyk-

;kosGha ,d ;qxifjorZup Ökkysa- v’kkizdkjsKkunso egkjk”Vªkps ;qxiq:”k vlY;kps izR;;kl

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;srs- ;kp –“Vhusa R;akuk ‘kddrkZ Eg.kko;kldks.krk izR;ok; vkgs\

Kkunsoakph v”VkSizgj Le`fr jgkoh Eg.kwuvkeP;k ^egkjk”Vª iapakx fnunf’kZdsar* vkEgh‘kkfyokgu ‘kd 12-12 gk Kkunso ’kdkpkizkjaHkdky Eg.kwu Lohdkjyk vkgs- f’koLej.kklkBha^^f’kojkT;kfHk”ksd fnu** ;klkj[kk lq;ksx vU;dks.krkfg B:a ‘kdr ukgh- dkj.k rks f’ko’kdkpkizkjaHkdky vkgs- ;k nksu ujksÙkeakP;k dk;k±psa ;ksXîkewY;ekiu gks.îkklkBha ;klkj[ks lq;ksXîk izlax nqljsadks.krsp fnlr ukghr-

vkrak Kkunsoklaca/kha brdsp Eg.krak ;sbZy dha]Kkunsoh gsa Kkunsoakpsa Lor%fl) Lo:Ik vkgs-KkunsohP;k 9 gtkj vksO;akr Kkunso iw.kZr%lkekoys vkgsr- rsFksp R;akpsa [kjs n’kZu gksbZy-

KkunsoakP;k thouklaca/kha] izR;{k leksjvlysyh Kkunsoh] gsa p{kqoSZlR;a izR;{k izek.k vkgsa-ckdhP;k brj izkek.îkakpk dkF;k dqV.îkakrdkMhbrdkfg yH;ak’k ukgh- dkj.k KkunsoakP;kthouakrhy ,dfg ?kVuk ,sfrgkfld–“Vîkk

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v|kiikosrksa fl) >kysyh ukgha vkf.k ;kiq<sfgfl) gks.ks lqrjke ‘kD; ukgh]

v’kk fLFkrhar fujFkZd HkksGkHkkod’kklkBha gok\ rks dakgha miyC/kh d:u nsbZy ghvk’kk O;FkZ vkgs-

LkeFkZ Eg.krkr]Eg.kksuh ftrqdk HkksGk HkkoA frrqdk vKkukpk

BakoA vKkusa rjh nsokf/knsoA ikfotsy dSlkAA

- ‘kkfyokgu ‘kd 12-12 iklwu KkunsoKkunsohP;k:iakr ?kjk?kjkar vkf.k izR;sdktoGvkys( rs v|kifg rlsp vkgsr- Kkunsoh rqeP;ktoG vlyh Eg.kts Kkunsofg vfr fudVvlrkr] gsa lR; lw;Z-izdk’kklkj[ks Li”V vkgsa-Kkunso gksrs gk Hkze vkgs- rs lnSo vkgsr-vktferhl 7-13 o”ks± iw.kZ gksÅu 7-14 os o”kZpkywa vkgsa rjhfg rs lnSo rlsp vkgsr-

^^ns[kk foosdh ts gksrh A rs nksghrsfg u ikgrh Atsa gks; tk; gsa Hkzakfr A Eg.kwfu;k AA rSls ’kjhjkP;kyksiha A loZFkk uk’kwa ukgha Lo:iha A Eg.koquh raw gsukjksih A Hkzakfr ckik AA

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;qxizorZd Kkunso egkjk”Vªkpsa thou vkgsrEg.kwu Kkunso’kd eh cqf)iqj%lj Lohdkjyk vkgs-vktferhl Kkunso’kd 7-14 vkgs vkf.k f’ko’kd330 vkgs-

egkjk”Vª EgVys dha] f’koN=irhapsa Lej.k gksras-;kp U;k;kusa egkjk”Vªkpsa varthZou Kkunsoakuh?kMfoyas vkgsa( dkj.k Kkunso egkjk”Vªkpsa fir`rhFkZvkgsr- dYiuk d:a dha] egkjk”Vªakrwu KkusÜojhP;klxGîkk izrh tIr ÖkkY;k- egkjk”VªkP;k dqBY;kfgxkoakr o ?kjakr ,dfg izr feGr ukgh- KkusÜojhuqlrh ikg.îkklfg feGr ukgh] v’kh fLFkrh Ökkyhrj dk; gksbZy\

dk; gksbZy Eg.kwu dk; fopkjrak! vkEghxGk dk<wu jMr claw- ,dk|k ek;psa ,dkns ysd:a!R;kph ek; R;kyk lksMwu xsY;koj R;kph dk;voLFkk gksbZy! vxnh rlsp vkeP;kfg ckcrhar?kMsy-

KkusÜojh vkeph vkbZ vkgs- egkjk”Vªakrhylqf’kf{kr-vf’kf{kr] tk.krs-us.krs] lok±uk bpk yGkykxyk vkgs-

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KkusÜojh gsa veksfyd jRu vkEgakl izkIr Ökkysavkgsa-veksfyd jRu tksMyas js rqt A dak js czã-chtuksG[klha A Kkunso Eg.ks vfouk’k tksMysa Avk.kwuh Bsfoysa xq:-eq[kha AA

Kkunso Eg.krkr] vkReKku dk;epsa ekÖîkkgkrakr vkysa vkgsa vkf.k xq:-eq[kkusa ykHkysY;k‘kCnakr eh rsa lkBowu Bsoysa vkgsa- rh lkBo.kEg.kts Kkunsoh] KkusÜojh-

vkf.k rh izdV Ökkyh] R;k laoRljkiklwu ehKkunso’kdkpk izkjaHkdky /kjyk vkgs-

bfr ys[kulhek

vkIik Bksacjs-ekxZ’kh”kZ oAA f}fr;k ‘kds 1925

fnuakd % 10@12@2003

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Jh- Kkus‹oj nkHkkMs]lizse ueLdkj-

Rkk:.îkklkj[kh vöqr~ oLRkaw txakr nqljhadks.krhp ukgh- ;kfgis{kak foLe; vlk dha] rk:.îkgh ,deso lqla/kh vkgs] gs useds vksG[kwu vkiysthou lqo.kkZizek.kas dkfUreku dj.îkkl ts izo`Ùkgksrkr] R;akP;krhy vkdk’kxkeha O;fäÙokph cht-:ikusa fnlwu ;s.kkjh Js”Brk Greatness fpÙkkykfoy{k.k vkd”kwZu ?ksrs-

Ekh vxnh [kjs lakxrks dha] rqEgha rqepsa^KkusÜoj* gsa uako lkFkZ dsys vkgs- fdR;sd fnolakuhvls ;qok O;fäÙo ikg.îkakr vkysa-^^,slk iq:”k rksikgkokA tukl okVs gk vlkokAA**vls eykp uOgsa]rj dks.kkykfg okVsy-

ekÖîkkis{kak rqEgha cjsp ygku vkgakr rjhfgrqEgha egku vkgakr gsa dcwy dj.ksa Hkkx vkgs-,sfgd vkf.k ikjekfFkZd v’kk mHk; {ks=akr yhy;klapkj dj.kkÚ;k rqeP;k lO;lkph O;fäÙokl]

fnukad%& vknjiwoZd Lusgksik;u10@10@2005- vkIik