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N. Pentaiah, DharmajipetQ. C u -d?Let us draw our attention to

the era prior to 1947/ before

to 1947.

A. Let us draw our attention to

the era prior to/ before

1947 - Correct.

Before to 1947 - Wrong.

Q. Purchase, Buy .A. n , 1) 2) - ()

Its a good buy/ good purchase = C *

. (* h j ) Purchase h vC, BuyuJ.

Q. I ask you why you go there? Do v on hC?I ask you why you go to Dharmaji Pet is

known to me.

A. I ask you why you go there? (y \ - E --o?)C v o- ? ...Why you go there 'y\ E n vo, Statement dWhy do you

go there J-.I ask you why you go to Dharmajipet isknown to me - n d. C CorrectSentence ,

Q. When, While vx .A. . While \

Continuous tenses (While he is singing,was singing etc.,) .while C -sx .1) At the same time ( -) n; ... 2) ju (Contrast) L- (While he is a good dancer, he is apoor player * dancer. F, * -) .

Q. Cj u- yE -- v , u NJ. v Eo d u- -d -.

A. i) On behalf of (J - yE-ho -), and on my behalf, Itake it as a privilege invite Sri so and so

up the dais. (u~E L)ii) Next, it is my pleasure to invite Sri. (Chief

Guest)

iii) It is now the turn of Sri... to grace the dais

with his/ her presence.

iv) May I now request Sri .... to do us the

favour of taking his seat on the dais? ....

u- v --dC -sEo d C. vTx\ (u-~ , u AC, \ host ) o--Eo

d C. Eo-Common --d a.My dear... ( j x),Good evening. I consider it a great

privilege/ a unique fortune/ it makes me

very happy etc., to stand before you and say

a few words about....

A. Penchaliah, Rajampet

Q. If I had his power, I would help everyone.

uE n h J h. h J -E. Cd -- NJ-.

A. If I had his power, I would help every one =

h (p ), -J

h. ( = h-, C vh EN) 'E nDE . If I hadhad his power,

( h ), Iwould have helped everyone (-J E) C , p A .

T. Sankaracharyulu, Bhadrachalam

Q. Clarify the following doubts.Frontiers Prejudice - means what?

A. Frontiers - Plural of frontier= The border

between two countries.

Prejudice = A feeling of dislike without

reason. (Dislike for someone/ something

without a proper reason.)

If we have to write two questions

side by side then do we have to

write the first letter of the second

question as capital?

A. Yes, the second question should

begin with a capital letter. There is a painful news for all of us/

there is a piece of painful news for

all of us -which one is correct?

A. There is a painful news - wrong (No a/ an

before news because it is uncountable)

There is a piece of painful news - Correct.

It is indeed a sad news/ a piece of sad news

- Which one is correct?

A. It is indeed a piece of sad news - Correct.

Some people say the following:

'You are looking great' - is this correct?

A. Correct.

If any one is seen wasting their time they will

be sent away from the class. Is th

A. If any one is seen wasting their tim

be sent out of class (not away fr

correct.

In Essential English Grammar bo

that there is no plural for the wo

please explain.

A. The usual plural of 'person' is

persons also is used, but in

language.

K.R.Rao, Tuni

Q. C u n Edifference) NJ-.

Concentrate & focus

(on a certain thing) (on a certain

A. Concentrate = focus (So

attention.

You concentrate/ focus your a

studies.

Q. Term (of office) & Tenure (of offic

A. Term of Office = Tenure. But te

means any fixed period of time fo

whereas tenure is the period

person occupies a position.

Protocol (in health care) & R

health care)

A. Protocol = A plan for medical trea

procedure/ programme of treatm

step)

Regimen = A set of rules to be

a patient during medical treatme

Mind blowing & Mind boggling

A. Mind blowing = Very impressiv

causing great joy and surprise.

Mind boggling = difficult to

understand.

Thats it!

A. Thats it = That is the right thinsomebodys right/( J_)

Mind you!

A. Mind you! = (Warning) Remembe

Out there & Over there

A. Out there = Beyond a place, Ov

around/ near a place.

What happened & What is up?

A. What happened = Whats up.

C ux Underline n----. --NJh u - nEo

Giving too many instructions wil

fuse your worker.

A. Will only confuse = Will cause

sion (A LT v

I give it a lot more pressure.A. I will give it much more pressure

Ah h)Explore any idea that pops into y

A. Explore = try to find = ; Pops into your head =strikes your head = v -

'It is a good idea' to take visual in

the area - to determine the lay of

to speak'

A. It is good idea = It is a clever ide

So to speak = Speak that w

p ( pa).

x--x--- 678

M.SURESAN

Spoken English - - u- -x-... www.eenadupratibha.net

Likhith: So you attended the programme after

all, yesterday. Was it that interesting?

( h-E y Programme xo-. C h- ?)Sanketh: It wasnt. But was the class which I

had bunked, to attend the programme. So I

had to choose between two equally dull things,

and for a change, I opted for the programme.

( . _d Class h- . -E h-E N u Lq*a, p x-E Programme -o.)Likhith: But I couldnt

do it, and I am sorry I

didnt. I am sure the pro-

gramme was better than the class.

( E o.Class Programme h .)Sanketh: Hemanth didnt go to class either.

Neither did he attend the programme. I think

what did was the best. He went home and

slept.

( class x. Programme . E *C. Rx Ev--.)Likhith: But Hemanth is a sincere student. If

bunked the class the class it must have been

really boring.

( * NuJn. _dclass N_ L.)Sanketh:So it was. Why doubt it? The teacher

talks about all things but the subject. I doubt in

the first instance how he was selected for the

post. I get bored in every class of his.

(-. ? N pN N-Eo -J< x--. u-E -oC -< . - vA x N.)

Likhith: So does every body. Lets represent

the matter to the principal.

vA-x . vEq-- NLl.

Look at these short responses from theconversation above.

1) Nor was the class which I bunked, 2) But I

couldnt, 3) I am sorry I didnt, 4) Hemarth

didnt (go to class) either, 5) So it was, 6) So

does everybody.

Lets recall the principle for making short

responses. The most important thing is the

verb in the sentence which we respond to.

L-x x u-xE verb -E. ...Pramod: I have seen the movie.

( E )Vinod: So have I.

p English

C. questions Shortresponses h.a) Likhith: Was it interesting?

Sanketh: Yes, it was/ No, it wasnt,

b) Hari: I know English

Kumar: But I dont.

C Short negative response.c) A: America is a rich country.

B: But India isnt.

Negative response but vGh. -C Responses -E.1) Bhaskar: He is tall ( )

Sasidhar: So is his brother.

C Positive response - so vC. ( sentences Positive)

2) Kaladhar: I cant understand Hindi (D n )Prasanth: Nor can I/ Neither can I /I cant either ( n-). jSentences Negative

3) Manogna: He doesnt

Know English/ English L-)Rasagna: But his

brother does (Fxo .) u positive,C Negative - but -E.

I cant either

If I had his power...

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-C- 11 - -Ja 2012 - j

P. Simhachalam, Vijayawada

Q. C pronunciation.

Bludeoned A. xd Fatigue A. Marauding A. -Q. Explain the following sen-

tences/ phrases in Telugu with examples.

Strauss insists 0-3 hammering inflicted by

Pakisthan was not all Doom and gloom for

England.

A. Doom and gloom = A state of ruin without

any hope of improvement = -i, ---Lq J-nA/ -C.n (England)j NC* 03 N , -E J-nO( E Lq J-nA) E Andrew

Strauss *a --o. (Doom =N/ , ; Gloom = -/ )

Protest pulls the plug on Rushdies video

show.

A. Pull the plug = Stop/ Discontinue. Because

of the opposition from some people.

Rushdies video show had to stop = E-x fjvideo show EL-*-C.If the Company makes any more losses, it

has to pull the plug on expensive ads =

F - v d *a, K-jv Lq hC.

Missed the wood for the tree.

A. Miss the woods for the trees = Not under-

stand what is important by showing too

much importance to unimportant things =

-i j \ %d vD-J* NEo n -- .

Talking in detail about the marriage, they

couldnt see the woods/ missed the woods

for the trees = Rx C* *o-*oN J* x NEoNt-J.

In the swing of things

A. In the swing of things = --o un -E, E -.When I was just getting into the swing of

things as an officer, I was transferred =

\ J-nAE R -E-- E \ * CMu.Let me first get into the swing of things.

Then only I can take a decision = Eo-\J-nA/ E F, p iEg B-.

Telling blows.

A. Telling blows = forceful blows = h-

i s;The absence of Yuvaraj Singh

from the Indian team gave a telling

blow on its performance = d - - dv-z s BC., \ telling effect ;n v J. -

Insight into.

A. Insight = Understanding = --/Jc.The book gives us deep insight into the

subject = h Nj *JcEo ChC.

Looms over, Looms large.

A. Loom large/ Loom over = Loom large is

correct. There is no

such expression as

loom over.

Loom large =

Something worry-

ing or fearful,

appearing to hap-

pen surely = j L-T pE J-nA/ -- .Power cuts are looming large as summer is

advancing = N Bv- Nu---h-o.

Peep into

A. Peep into = Look quickly and secretly into

something = T .He peeped into the room to see what was

going on = --

-E, C- T- . Anonymity

A. Anonymity = Remaining/ not being

known to others. Aperson who was

anonymity is a person who does-

nt want others to know him =

c (-- L--)

a) The man who phoned the police wanted

anonymity = M-- - uhc E o.

b) She agreed to talk to the reporter on

condition of anonymity = -- j NJxC.

Anonymous phone call = c uh phone call.

Page three parties.

A. Page three parties = Glamourous or beauti-

ful Models/ Young women who

less in Magazines or fashionab

ourous people = lo photo zines E Models, fashionable or glamourous uh

Caveat Emptor.

A. Caveat Emptor = The condition t

who buys something should bu

risk, unless it is covered by t

warranty = t--- hJ* O y-p, x - .

Conceded

A. Concede = admit = p- (EHe conceded that he made a

p -E p-o. Prerogative

A. Prerogative = a special right =

- E \.It is the prerogative of the Prime

choose his Cabinet Ministers =

Cabinet v o vu Ensure that

A. Ensure = guarantee = Jx Please ensure that you are there

--E \ x . Prevail upon

A. Prevail upon (somebody to do so

persuade = j J-j p.I prevailed upon my father to bu

me = bike -E p.

Exclaims

A. Exclaim = auEo uh How great you are! he exclaime

p--N! E au o-

On the waneOn the wane = ~.The actors popularity is on th

vG T_-C/ ~ Clandestine manner

A. Clandestine manner = In a s

, u j -p.There was a clandestine meetin

the two party leaders = --o.

Undermine

A. Undermine = Weaken = Corruption is undermining our

NFA Jn un D- Reinforces

A. Reinforce = strengthen = -1) The corruption in the country is

the fall of the economy = -Eo --hC.

2) His support has reinforced my co

l t-Ny-E Ridiculed

A. Ridicule = To make fun of =L Duryodhana ridiculed Drowpadi.

Hyacinth

A. Hyacinth = Name of a water pla

J \ (v--\).(-j--Fo ---- -i Idiomexpressions).

x--x--- 679

M.SURESAN

Spoken English - - u- -x-... www.eenadupratibha.net

Achyuth: Jayaram came for you yesterday.

Did he see you? (F Eo a. Eo --o?)

Manas: Yes, he did. Was he with you for a

long time?

(. --o. F --o?)Achyuth: No, he wasnt. Do you know he is

soon leaving for the America?

(. y- -J- --o.?)

Manas: No, I dont. Has

he got all the papers

ready? (-L--.Lq vFo l

u?)Achyuth: I think he has. Otherwise he could-nt be leaving so soon. (o---. y x?)

Manas: I understand. His uncle works in the

passport office. (ni C. passport office E-h.)

Achyuth: Oh, does he? I didnt know that.

(. C L-.)Manas: You didnt/ didnt you? Thats strange.

(L-? N*v .)Achyuth: What is strange about it? We

havent had an occasion to talk about it.

( N*v C? Eo J*

x s .) -j -E responses J-Q-L.1) Yes, he did, 2) No, he wasnt, 3) No, I dont,

4) I think he has, 5) Oh, does he?, p--Fo do, does, did, is, was, has Helping verbs - h-o. -OE practise Spoken English hC.

A: Do you speak Telugu?

B: Yes, I do./ No, I dont. \B p -Eh..Do you speak Telugu? oquestion -Yes, I speak Telugu , No, I dont (donot) speak Telugu Jh p\x. p h C. dDoyou speak Telugu? question , Helpingverb Do Yes y, dont, no y j Spoken English form C. \ p ELq N: pC j Helping Verb (Am, is, are, was,were, do, does, did, have, has, will, would,

etc.,) J_ . C . sentence pC, sen-tence helping verb C.a) Prasad: Who will know I am here? (E-\-

o-E J -hC?)Sankar: Everyone will. If isnt such a

big secret. (vA\J -hC. C

l u .)b) Yamuna: You have the time for it? (E

F ?)(C do you have the time? uJ).d, DE helping verb Do.Ganga: Yes, I do/ No, I dont. (Yes, I have the

time/ No, I don't have the time - conversa-

tional )e.g.: Give short

responses to the follow-

ing, both positive and

negative.

1) Can you drive a car?

2) Have you met the

Officer?

3) You met him yester-

day, didnt you?

4) Must you go now? Yes, I ........../ No, I

.......... (must need not)

5) Does he play chess?

6) Will you come tomorrow? No, ..........

7) Do you think he will help me? No, .........

8) Who shut the door? .........

Answers: 1) Yes, I can/ No, I cant

2) Yes, I have/ No, I havent

3) Yes, I did/ No, I didnt

4) Yes, I must/ No, I neednt

5) Yes, he does/ No, he doesnt.

6) I wont 7) I dont 8) I did.

Thats strange...

Corruption is undermining our economy!

FUNCTIONAL ENGLISH

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-C- 18 - -Ja 2012 - j

Preethi Agarwal,Manuguru

Q. Which of the following

sentences is correct?

He is strictly asked not to

talk to others/ dont talk to

others.

A. He is strictly asked not to

talk to others - correct.

Dont talk to others, they asked/ told him

strictly - (Direct speech)- correct

The fees is/ are paid.

A. Fee- singular, fees - plural. So The fees are

paid is correct

Q. Explain the meanings of following words in

telugu.

Prejudice

A. Prejudice = Dislike without reason (E y)

Consistently

A. Consistently = Uniformly - p -N/

Significantly

A. Significantly = vu- o/ F-/v o

PhenomenonA. Phenomenon = n E n/

-. 'Solar eclipse' (u-v ) Isan example of a phenomenon.

Q. Definite article 'The' should be used before

designations. But once you have not written

'The' before the word 'Emperor' (i.e. 'Emperor

Asoka was a great ruler.') - explain.

A. When you refer only to a person, and not

their position/ designation, the is not used

before their names, even if we mention the

position/ designation. uh J*v x---p (x / vuNy) the .

e.g.: Emperor Asoka spread Buddhism -

\ -, v--Jh-y-EvuNy , Emperor uh x -TMr,Mrs, Miss, Ms x . uh, - - vu h, The Emperorof India ( vJh), Asoka .Emperor Asoka was a great ruler = -vJh (-) p .

Sarvarayudu, Namalapadu

Q. Explain the difference between the following

sentences.

It being given at that time.It was being given.

A. It being given at that time = C -y-.It being given at the time made him happy=

C - y--, E

*C.

It was being given = Cy C ( -o u)They were asking for it and it was being

given = x E- ---o, Cx y--C.

Q. The word Bank is pronounced in India as

'u but according to phonetics it ispronounced as ' - Explain.

A. Cat, bank, fan a lEo L~ Indian languages , u . bank 'u E ,aJp 'u ! -- ' -E '

Na Ja. Eox s . a-J-L lEoF~x .

Q. Explain how to pro-

nouns following words according to British

Pronunciation.

Material, Model, Director, Iron, Measure,

Pleasure, Market, Early, Eleven, Seven,

Relative.

A. Material, Model - x Ma Jh ' . ', ' u l . lEo' - * . - 'aJp flat . Fmaterial ' aJp *L. N Model . ' Jh

' ' u l Britishpronunciation v Director *Jr silent. Iron ' . (' AJT -TL _ d L).'R (Early). Eleven (x ) ' \ -. OE Englishpronunciation CDs Practise.

Pratibha Saxena, Naidupeta

Q. In a Grammar Book I have read that if the

Imperative sentence is in quotations in

Direct speech then

only To infinitive is used in Indirect speech.

e.g. Please help me, he said (D.S.)

He requested me to help him (I.D.S.)

But, once you wrote the below sentences:

a) Let the room be cleaned (I.D.S.)

b) Let the work be completed (I.D.S.)

c) Let the way be shown please (I.D.S.)-

Arent above sentences in Passiv

A. Yes, you are right. What I poin

Indirect speech sentences, were

sentences with the verb in th

voice. That was a mistake, as

pointed out. The indirect speech tive sentence begins with an infi

verb is transitive (having an obje

you are requested to/ ordered to

verb has no object I regret the e

you for pointing it out.

Vasundhara Kulakarni, Manugu

Q. Whether the word 'being' is used

actions or past actions. Explain

A. Yes, being can also be use

actions, but not always. It depe

context. Having been is use

actions and actions starting in th

continuing even now.

a) Having been under treatment

two weeks, he has recovered

has been under treatment fo

two weeks, so he has recover

b) Being under treatment, he is reNow he is under treatment

recovering.

But being can be used for pa

being too, some times.

The book being costly, I did not b

book was costly, so I did not buy

Q. Explain the difference with exam

Emphatic pronoun/ Reflexive pro

A. Emphatic pronouns are pronoun

the sake of emphasis. They

usually immediately after the nou

they emphasize.

I myself will take you there.

( Eo -\ B--)He himself told me of it.

( E J* p)Emphasis

E-j vuNEmphatic pronoun 'yThe PM himself admitted that it

= v--v y po.I saw it myself ( y/ ) (In sentences likeemphatic pronoun comes towar

of the sentence).

Reflexive pronoun: Read the f

a) She looked at herself in the m

b) They praised themselves.

When pronouns like myself, hims

ourselves, yourself, yourselves

used as the objects of verbs th

reflexive pronouns.

In (a) herself is the object of lo

In (b) Themselves is the object

Sometimes they come after a pr

He did it all by himself.

She killed herself - We helped ourselves - -o.

Material Noun/ Uncountable noun

A. All material nouns are uncountab

nouns are names of things ou

other things are made.

Gold, silver, wood, cotton, sugar

All of them are uncountable be

are mostly weighed or measure

counted. So they are all uncoun

x--x--- 680

M.SURESAN

Spoken English - - u- -x-... www.eenadupratibha.net

Himaja: Need I get up soon tomorrow

morning? Its already twelve now and

Im yet to go to bed.

( y -Lq ? p- 12 -C, .)

Vanaja: Im afraid you must. That is, if you

dont want to miss the train.

(v p- -. yLq.)Himaja: Miss

the train? Oh,

no, Were

going on a job

and we cant

afford to miss

the train. Wont

you come with

me?

(v p-- ? . E-O-o, v p- O-. y ?)Vanaja: I will, of course. But can you assure

me that we can be back by the day after?

( p h. y Oy xx AJ-T E.)

Himaja: Yes, I can. By tomorrow evening the

function at my uncles home will be over,

and we can start tomorrow night itself.

( O y. u x u v-E-x -C. v --J .)

Vanaja: Oh, can we? That suits me fine.

(? - C.)Himaja: This picture shows his new house; its

fine, isnt it? ( h x photo C. C ?)

Vanaja: Yes, it is. Any way were going to see

it tomorrow. (. i -o ?)

Himaja: So we are. ()Look at the following expressions from the

conversation above.

1) Im (I am) afraid you must, 2) I will, of

course, 3) Yes, I can, 4) Oh, can we?, 5) So

we are.

Spoken English Short Responses u- E --o ? J-Eo Shortresponses p l. O must aresponse :1) Must ? Commands (c), Obligations (u) -Lq . DE opposite need not (Neednt) =-Lq .

You must go now You neednt (need not) go

(Nyp xL) (yxLq )Must opposite need not (neednt) ?(Neednt = -- ) Must not (= am/is/ are not to) - Must not/am not/ is not to/ are not to - prohibitions (E) -.a) You must not

smoke here = You

are not to smoke

here = Ny\ .b) He must not

drive/ He is not to

drive at that

speed = . Need not ( must) = dont have to/doesnt have to ( )Karim: Must he/ Has he to/ Does he have to/

Has he got to go now? (E-p x?)Salim: Yes, he must/ he has to/ he has got to

go now (xL). x- nNo, he need not/ doesnt have to/ hasnt got

to go now.

Spoken English OE --* LT, -O C.

That suits me fine...

I myself will take you therI myself will take you there!e!

FUNCTIONAL ENGLISH

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-C- 25 --Ja 2012 - j

M. Rajeswar Chowdari,BayyaramQ. Which of the following sen-

tences is correct?

The apple was cut by a

knife/ with a knife.

A. The apple was cut by a

knife - correct. Here the

person who cut the apple

(The agent) is not stated, but only the knife

(The instrument) is stated. In such cases we

use 'by' before the instrument in the passive

voice. If both the agent, and the instrument are

given, we use 'by' before the agent and 'with'

before the instrument.He cut the apple with a knife here 'He' the agent

is given along with the instrument, the knife. So

the passive is: The apple was cut by him with a

knife.

She worked very hard, still she couldn't get a

first class/ the first class

A. A first class is correct.

To join one adjective to another adjective/

with another adjective

A. 'To join one adjective with another' is correct

He hasn't come to see me, nor has he sent

me a message/ nor he has sent me a

message.

A. '... nor has he sent me a message' is

correct.

Rita as well as her brother is studying

medicine/ Rita and her brother are studying

medicine. Do the conjunction "As well as"

gives the same meaning of "And".

A. Rita as well as her brother is doing medicine

= Rita and her brother are doing medicine

correct. (And = as well as = not only, but

also). But the verbs to be used with each of

them differ in number (singular or plural Ist,

IInd or IIIrd person)

Anamika, Vijayawada

Q. C Idioms - n NJ.Hits nail on the head

A. Hit the nail on the head = to be absolutely

correct = d p.Anna: Our troubles are all due to our corrupt

politicians . ( -Fo NFA --- x)

Aravindh: You have hit the nail as the head

( -d p) Vice like grip of

A. Vice like grip: Vice (American vise) = car-

penters, mechanics hj *, Ei EE J. Ct screw L/ NDJ Table O h . vice

j h* screw GTh, h C. grip = d/d. vice like grip = vice d GT.The money lender holds the poor man in his

vice like grip = f uJ --E vice px -o.

On the wane

A. On the wane = ~ /

~Her influence is on the wane =

~hC. Dichotomy

A. Dichotomy = l uh/ %/ l u @ -E J-nA/ E- Jh uA- (-)/ -{.There is dichotomy between what politicians

say and what they do = - ---, - u Jh uA--C.

Last straw

A. The last straw on the camel's back = The

last of the troubles that makes it impossible

for you to recover =

sx *C.Mamta Banerjee's

threat is the last

straw on the

Camel's Govt.,

(here UPA) =

Kb l C-J UPAdx *C.

Coaxes

A. Coax = Persuade by talking them in a gentle

way = bT.She coaxed her child into going to school = x---E --x- E b-T*C.

Distort

A. Distort = To change the shape of some thing

totally = vJ

Some types of mirrors distort our

shape = Eo-- l EoJh ah.Media sometimes distort the truth =

O Eo-x EEo vJ-hC. Stormy weather

A. Stormy weather = - (stormy = of a storm; storm = v O O )

Because of the stormy weather, they

postponed their journey = - x x v -o.

Hit the deck tracks

A. Hit the deck track = expression .Hit the deck = Fall on the ground to avoid

danger = v -Eo pE O- = Hit the deck.People hit the deck/ dirt to avoid being hit

by a bullet = x pE O .

Caste in stone

A. Caste in stone - No such expressions as far

as I know.

Cast (Caste ) = -( Nvx E) Cast in bronze- - NvxN)cast in stone - P/ -. P/

x !

K. Durgesh Suxena, Kothagudem

Q. Which of the following sentences

Durgesh as well as his brothers a

is studying Medicine.A. Durgesh as well as his brothers

Medicine - Correct

(The first subject Durgesh is sing

verb is also singular)

He as well as his friends are/ is

here/ is here/ have been here

here.

A. He as well as his friends is go

Correct.

P. Vijay Rama Raju, Kothur

Q. Explain which of the following se

correct.

The doctor did have/ get the E

patient taken/ got/ had.

A. The doctor did have/ get the Epatient taken- correct (All the

wrong)

He should apologise or/ otherwise

punished.

A. Correct. You can use either 'or' or

here.

He went to the park with/ alon

friends.

A. He went to the park with/ alon

friends - correct and meaning is

Q. Can the word "too" be said or wr

"Noun" or a "pronoun". e.g. He to

unhappy/ Ravi too felt unhappy.

A. They can be used after a 'n

'pronoun' but not immediately

subject of a sentence.

He felt unhappy too (observe 'too

of the sentence and not after

'He').

Ravi felt unhappy too. (Rav

unhappy - wrong).

x-x-- 681

M.SURESAN

Spoken English - - u- -x-... www.eenadupratibha.net

Prabhas: (Do) You mean that she won't help

us? ( F - l N -?)

Vikas: I'm afraid so. ( - )Prabhas: Will she at least tell us how to do

it? (F --j -?)Vikas: I don't think

so.( -- .)

Prabhas: She won't

obstruct us, will she?

(-f !)Vikas: I hope not. At least till now she has'nt

indicated any such thing.

( P- ho. p- -y.)

Prabhas: So far, so good. ( C.)

Spoken English -yEoa C shortexpressions practice l:1) I'm afraid so. 2) I don't think so.

3) I hope not

clipped expressions practice hy -. N English x h. N-i d, t- p--p, C-l o-p , expressions

-.Kumar: Will it rain

today? (--- {h?)Krishna: I'm afraid

so. ( - *ap-- )/I don't think so ( - ).\ Afraid n ' ,

.Sampath: Will this money last us till the

month end? ( s --h?)

Virat: I'm (I am) afraid not ( )

n 'afraid' p vAN-E .Pranav: Will the police come to know of it, do

you think? ( N Mh?)

Vikas: I hope not

(L-- -P-ho).(I hope not) (I hope so)

(I'm afraid not) (I am

afraid so) .

I don't think so...I don't think so...

Her influence is on the wane!Her influence is on the wane!

FUNCTIONAL ENGLISH

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