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World Health Organization 2008

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WHO/IER/CSDH/08.1

Photos

WHO/Marko Kokic; Rotary Images/Alyce Henson; WHO/Christopher Black;WHO/Chris De Bode; WHO/Jonathan Perugia; WHO/EUROSpecific photo-credits can be obtained from WHO.

. Closing the gap in a generationHealth equity through action on the social determinants of health

Executive Summary of Final Report of the Commission on Social Determinants of Health

ISBN 978-616-11-0185-5

().



-



(Social justice)

(Health inequity)

..



:

(Health inequity) (Social justice)



()



.

.

.

()


http:///reader/full/thmchngwaangthaangsukhphaaphainchwngchiiwiteraabrrlukhwaamepnthrrmthaangsukhphaa 10/44

( )

200



90

95

100

105

110DQ

a Griffiths Mental Development Scales Grantham-McGregor et al. (1991)

a

6 12 16 24



..



(Greenhouse gas emissions)



0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

1997 2002 2007

: Artazcoz et al., 2005

.. 2007 ILO (2008)



0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 1100

5

10

15

20

25

50

AUS= AUT= BEL= CAN= FIN= FRA= GER= IRE=ITA= NET= NOR= SWE= SWI= UK= USA= Lundberg et al. (2007).

20 2543



()

100



0

10

20

30

60

50

40

70

80

90

100

60.3

91.6

71.2

57.0

39.8

34.5

63.5

58.9

34.1

83.7

27.6

47.6 48.2

26.8

18.7

37.2

Gwatkin, Wagstaff & Yazbeck (2005)

( 50 )

()



( ) ()



94-95 95-96 96-97 97-98

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

1995-1997 Macpherson et al. (2002).

10

0,000



0.7%

2512 0.7



60

1961

1962

1963

1964

1965

1966

1967

1968

1969

1970

1971

1972

1973

1974

1975

1976

1977

1978

1979

1980

1981

1982

1983

1984

1985

1986

1987

1988

1989

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

80

70

110

130

160

170

180

210

260

230

2701961=100

GNI per capita in2002: $28,500

GNI per capita in1960: $11,303

Aid per capita in1960: $61

Aid per capita in2002: $67

Randel, German & Ewing (2004)

: 1960-2000



( ) ( )



0

1

3

2

4

6

5

7

8

9

10

1 11 21 31 41 51 61 71 81 91 101

GKN (2007)

() ( ) ()

(

)

()



0 20

81

80

80

76

73

70

40 60 80 100

UNICEF (2006)

4 -

6

22

10

8

4



:



0

1

2

3

4

5

6

: Son et al., 2002

, 2536-2540



(Organizationfor Economic Cooperation and Development) (.. 2523) .. 2503 .. 2523

.. 2523-2548

.. 2523



0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995

55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 2000

DMM(years)

, 1950-2000

Moser, Shkolnikov & Leon (2005)

()



( (Laboratory experiments) (Randomizedcontrolled trials))

:



133 028 48 276 (36%)

26 879 14 751 (55%)

9790 1543 (16%)

37 099 23 395 (63%)

31 616 5901 (19%)

11 567 1787 (15%)

5250 1218 (23%)

10 827 218 (2%)

119 973 48 147 (40%)

27 819 19 682 (71%)

(,)

UNICEF 2005



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