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 NVZGD | :6>

>Crg`ny

?? ey ]dg`hsbaw??

Jdak Nrmbgvh

▴ :6>6 (2)

▴ Nprgd (2)

▴ Npr 68 (2)

Ensndnb phlnkgbnl

`n`nb & dnlkinb

 Znwnlk >

 Lgdng >

 Iumbglk >

 Ehdnin >

 Ndar Knonb >

 ]hrhejnl >

Pa`nyPatndAldglh

>6>63:7

>

]tnts   Nenzglk  Kht tbgs

]hnrmb ...

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0/>2/:6>0 ??Mbgiyn2;.jdakspat??? Mhtninl Dgla

bttp?//mbgiyn2;.jdakspat.mae/:6>6/60/mhtninl-dglaQ68.bted

nsg` euonrn` `nl shegeuonrn` pn`n phrthlknbnl `hin` >736-nl. Iheu`gnl `ggiutg adhbphduigs-phduigs dngl shphrtg ]hnb Ige Oaa ̀ nl P.I. Inrnl ehlhrusg mhtninl ealatngp. Lnen-lnen shphrtg Dalk Pbghl ]bgb, Gjrnbge Gsengd ̀ nl Dh h Ignl ]hlk pudn eulmud ehlohdnlk nibgr`hin` >736-nl.

Ehlohdnlk nibgr >736-nl `nl >7;6-nl, npnjgdn shlg mhtninl `gon`ginl suntu jg`nlk phlknognlibusus `g Cniudtg ]hlg Duigs `nl ]hlg Zhin, Glstgtusg thiladakg ENZN (GPE) `nl iglg XGPE shrtn`g Cniudtg Onjntnl Gdeu Ihenlusgnl, X]E. Glg iheu`gnllyn ̀ ggiutg adhb glstgtusg-glstgtusg shl gdngl shphrtg Glstgtusg ]hlg Duigs Endnysgn. Ehlhrusg glstgtusg-glstgtusg glg, thrutnelyn XGPE,dnbgrdnb rneng shlgenl shlg mhtni Lhknrn shph rtg Valgrnl Negl, Gsengd Dntgcc, Enlsar Gjrnbge,Nwnlk @negt Nben` ̀ nl Onegd Ent Gsn.

Inryn-inryn nwnd shlg mhtninl jnlyni thrbnsgd n`ndnb ehlhrusg eh`gn patalknl inyu.Egsndlyn ehlhrusg inryn ou`ud —Nwngtglk― adhb Pnl Phh Mbgh `n l — phrtulouinl Jalhin adhbDge Eu Buh. ]ujohi-sujohi khlrh `nl ihensynrnintnl shphrtg ndne phihronnl shrtn dnl`sinpphrshigtnrnl shphrtg ndne phihronnl shrtn dnlsinp phrshigtnrnl ohdns ihdgbntnl ehlhrusg

phlkadnbnl ialvhlsgalnd bgtne putgb ynlk jhrthlnkn.Mhtninl patalknl inyu shmnrn ialvhlsgalnd jhkgtu papudnr pn`n ̀ h in` >776 nlehephrdgbntin thilgi jnru ̀ gtnepgdinl adhb pnrn phduigs tnlnb ngr. Glg thrensui mhtninlmaeputhr adhb gsengd zngl― inkheusbn nl` Pbh [nx-Zhsgst mnphr― (>727) `nl mhtninl-mhtninlshph rtg kurgsnl cata `nl suth rn snrglk adhb palgrgl Negl, Jnbnenl Bnsbge, wnl Onendu`glGernl `nl eab`. Onegd Ent gsn.

Ihbn`grnl Dhh Oaa Car `nl Nj`ud Nrgc Eabg`gl `hlknl mhtninl-mhtninl kurgsnl nsg` euonrn``nl shegeuonrn` pn`n phrthlkn bnl `hin` >736 nl iheu`gnl `ggiutg adhb ph duigs-phduigs dnglshph rtg ]hnb Ige ̀ nl P.I Inrnl ehlhrusg mhtninl mhtninl ealatn gp. Lnen-lnen dngl shph rtgDalk Pbghl ]bgb, Gjrnbge Gsengd ̀ nl dhh Ignl ]hlk iheu`gnllyn eulmud ehlohdnlk nibgr ̀ hin`>736 nl.

]hlg mhtninl dhjgb jhrsgcnt ndthrlntgc `nl snepglknl. Inryn-inryn mhtninl jhrigsnr pn`n thenynlk shrupn `hlknl mntnl-mntnl ehrhin. Ihn`nnl glg jhrujnb ehlohdnlk `hin` >736 ” >7;6nl npnjgdn shlg mhtni `gon`ginl suntu jg`nlk phlknognl ibusus `ginognl shlg duigs `nl shlgrhin . glg ̀ ggiutg adhb glstgtusg ”gltgtusg shlg dngl shph rtg glstgtut shlg Duigs Endnysgn. Ehlh rusggltgtusg-gltgtusg shlg glg, thrutnenelyn glstgtuth Philadakg Gltgtut Philadakg ENZN, dnbgrdnb rnengshlgenl shlg mhtni Lhknrn shphrtg Valgrgl Negl, Gsengd Dntgc, Enlsar Gjrnbge , oubnrgEubneen` ]ng`, Jnbnenl Bnsbge, Nwnlk @negt Nben` `nl Ent gsn. Znon _nbnju`` gl ZnonWnnmaj eulmud shdniu phehlnlk utnen ehlhrusg mhtninl shrgkrnc — Dunr `nrg ynlk `gihtnbug.

HLG]-OHLG] MHPNINL

Mhtninl jadhb `gjnbnkginl ihpn`n hepnt ohlgs gngtu mhtninl tgejudnl (rhdghc), mhtninljhlnenl (glthkdga) mhtninl pdnlakrnc ntnu dgtakrnc `nl mhtninl sthls gd ntnu snrgkrncg.

Mhtninl tgejudnl inh`nb patalknl inyu

Mhtninl patalknl inyu ehrupninl inh`nb ynlk pndglk dnen `gkulninl `ndne indnlknlphlmhtni. Mhtninl glg eu`nb `gdniuinl ihrnln jnbnl `nl phrndntnllyn eu`nb `g`npntg. Mnrn`nl thilgi mhtninl inyu glg jadhb `gkulninl ultui ehlmhtni dgla. Vhrjhznnl mhtninl dgla`hlknl mhtninl inyu n`ndnb phreuinnl dgla dgmgl jhrjnl`glk `hlknl phreuinnl mhtninlinyu ynlk jhrgrn. Inyu ynlk jhrgrn glg ehlmnltgiinl dnkg lgdng geho pn`n mhtninl. Nltnrnmhtninl ynlk thrensbyur gdnb igss (>76: ).

Nsphi nsns shjhdue ehlmhtniNdnt `nl jnbnl?g) ihpglknl inyugg) `niwnt ntnu phwnrln dgla

ggg) sht phenbntgv) ra`n phlkkhdhi ̀ nl `niwntv) shihpglk inmn ultui ehrntninl `niwntvg) pgsnu pheatalk LPvgg) ihrtns (ohlgs dhejut shphrtg lhwsprglt `nl ihrtns jhrns ntnu rgmh pnphr)vggg) eglyni dglsg`gx) turphltglhx) eglyni tnlnb ultui ehlmumg ndntxg) spntudn

Mhtninl Jhlne

Mhtninl jhlne jhrdnwnlnl `hlknl mhtninl tgejudnl. Jnkg prashs tgejudnl, `niwnt ntnuphwnrln `gsnpu pn`n phreuinnl pdnt ntnu jdai, enlnindn jnkg mhtninl jhlnlne ̀ niwntlyn`gsh`gninl `g `ndne uigrnl geho pdnt. @niwnt gtudnb ynlk ehlkbnsgdinl geho. Inh`nb mhtninlglg ehlkkuln inl thilgi karhsnl nsg` (htmbglk), turgsnl (hlkrnvglk), niuntgl `nl ehsatgl.

Mhtninl Vdnlakrnc

Mhtninl pdnlakrnc `gbnsgdinl `nrgpn`n phreuinnl mhtninl ynlk `ntnr. Vrashs mhtninl glgehlkulninl inh`nb ynlk `glneninl dgtakrncg. Dgtakrncg n`ndnb jhr`nsnrinl thilgi sgcntphladninl eglyni `hlknl ngr. Inh`nb glg ehlkkulninl jdai jntu inpur shjnkng jdaiphrshejnbnl geho. Inh`nb dgtakrncg `npnt ehlkbnsgdinl mhtnin ynlk bnepgr snen shphrtgshjunb duigsnl phlshd.

Mhtninl ]thlsgd/ ]nrgkrncg

Mhtninl sthlsgd oukn `gpnlkkgd mhtninl snrgkrncg. Mhtninl glg ehehrduinl ingl suthrn snrglkynlk `grhknlkinl `g ntns pheg`nlk inyu. Geho ynlk `gbnsgdinl ehdndug ihrntnl ihrtns phl`un,stgihr dut sglnr ntnu sirgl cata (cata heudsg). Jhrjhzn `hlknl mhtninl ynlk dngl, mhtninl s thlsgdehlkkulninl shiuog ultui ehlynpu `niwnt ntnu wnrln `g ntns phreuinnl ihrtns.

AIAB ”PAIAB MHPNINL

aiab Inryn Ohlgs MhtninlNben` Ibndg` Wusac ‒Ndgc Jn Pn‗ >7;> ]nrglk suthrnNj`ud Dntgcc Eabg`gl ‒Genka ]hlon‗ Vatalknl InyuDalk Pbghl ]bgb ‒Zupn Jnrnt `g Nwnl `nl Aejni Pgeur‗ >7;> ]nrglk suthrn]ynrgcnb Cntgenb _ujgr ‒Endne‗ >7;0 Kurgsnl

ehlkntnsglyn

Mhtninl Dgla

Mhtninl Dgla

Krncgi nrt wari

@gkgtnd Gdustrntgal

@gkgtnd gdustrntgal (

ey nrt wari )

>.: Ihphltglknl

Irhntgvgtg •

Vhl`g`ginl shlg

vgsun...

Ihphltglknlirhntgvgtg `ndne

phl`g`ginl shlg

vgsun...

▿ :667 (>)

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0/>2/:6>0 ??Mbgiyn2;.jdakspat??? Mhtninl Dgla

bttp?//mbgiyn2;.jdakspat.mae/:6>6/60/mhtninl-dglaQ68.bted

Valgrgl Negl ‒@ndne ]glnr Eu‗ >7;0 ]nrglk ]uthrnSgmtar Mbgl ‒Jnlkulnl ]udtnl Nj`ud ]nen`‗ >726 DgtakrncgMbhw Phlk Jhlk ‒Dnlksinp Vnltn g Pgeur‗ >72> KurgsnlLgrendn ]bnleukbndglkne ‒Nlni Nsgn >>‗ >72> ]nrglk suthrn ̀ nl mnepurnlZnon Nzbnr G`rgs ‒Vhlgnkn [nlgtn V nltng Pgeur‗ >72> Kurgsnl[gddgne I.I Dnu ‒Phepnt Xltui ]heun‗ >7;0 D gtakrncg

HILGI-PHILGI @NDNE MHPNINLhr`npnt phdjnkng thilgi ynlk `gkulninl `g `ndne prashs ehlkbnsgdinl mhtninl. Nltnrnlyn

n`ndnb shphrtg jhrgiut?• Nqunltglt- Philgi glg ehrupninl thilgi ynlk enepu ultui ehlkbnsgdinl shsuntu ynlk jh ringtnl`hlknl ln`n ̀ nl julyg tnlpn n`nlyn bn` shmnrn phehrglkintnl ultui ehlkujnb sheudnwnrln ̀ niwnt ynlk jnsnb ̀ nl rntn `ndne jnbnkgnl ynlk duns ntnu duigsnl mnt ngr ynlkehdndug karhsnl egirasiapgi ynlk nent jn gi. Gn oukn ninl ehejunt dujnlk thrbn`np gehopn`n phreuinnl ynlk utnen. Ihjgnsnnllyn, gn `gphrjunt `nrgpn`n zgli `nl thejnkn ynlk

jngi. Enoargtg nrtgs Kayn `g ]hpnlyad (>;02->2:2) ehdniuinl ihron ynlk jhringtnl `hlknlkrncgi `hlknl ehlkkulninl thilgi glg.

• Jdgl`- Philgi —jdgl`― glg ehrupninl thilgi mhtninl ynlk ehlkkulninl snejulknl ynlk tg`ni rntnultui ehlkbnsgdinl ondgnlnl tgejud ynlk dhejut ntnu tg`ni ihtnrn pn`n geho putgb pn`n putgb9`gthinlinl pn`n jnbnkgnl geho tgejud pn`n ihrtns ynlk tg`ni jhringtnl. Philgi glg jgnsnlynjnlyni `gkulninl `ndne mhtninl `g Ohpul.

• Maddnkrnpb / Iadnkrnc -Philgi glg pudn ehrupninl thilgi ynlk ehladni ih`ndne `nrgpn`n jdai ynlknbnl pn`n shtgnp bnsgd ihron ntnu mgptnnl ynlk `grhin shphrtg iadno,ehlkbnsgdinl

mhtninl tgejud.

• @rypaglt- Philgi mhtninl uigrnl jhlne `ndne jhltui ynlk ihrns, ph reuinnl jhsg/ihdudg ynlk th dnb`guigr `ndne jhltui knrgsnl, ehlkbnsgdinl khtnrnl ynlk ehlon` ginl mgrg ntnu sgcnt dhejut `nlknrgsnl ynlk shphrtg jnd`u `ndne mhtninl thrnibgr.

• Hlkrnvglk- Philgi glg ehrupninl thilgi ynlk `gphrjunt `n rgpn`n ihpglknl jg`nlk dakne ynlk thdnb`guigr ntnu `gkarhsinl `ndne jhltui knrgsnl ehlkgiut ihbhl`ni phlkinrynlyn. Knrgsnl ynlkhdnb `guigr bhl`nidnb `gmhtni `hlknl thinlnl ynlk jhrnt

• Htmbglk (Karhsnl)- Philgi mhtninl glg ehrupninl thilgi ynlk ehlkkulninl inh`nb karhsnl pn`n phreuinnlihpglknl jg`nlk dakne. Vn`n phrglkint phreudnnl, phreuinnl dakne bhl`nidnb `gshpubinl`hlknl shohlgs nsg` ynlk tnbnl inrnt ultui dakne. Iheu`gnl, eudninl `hlknl ehdniuinlihron-ihron karhsnl ultui ehlkbnsgdinl geho uigrnl jhlne ntns phreuinnllyn. Vhreuinnldakne ynlk thr`h`nb `hlknl ihsnl uigrnl ninl `geninl sh`gigt `heg sh`gigt npnjgdn gn`grhl`neinl ih `ndne nsg`. Bnsgdlyn ninl ehejhltui knrgsnl npnjgdn `gthinlinl pn`nshihpglk ihrtns shdhpns ihpglknl dakne tn`g ̀ gjnlmubinl ̀ hlknl ̀ niwnt ultui prashsmhtninl. Philgi glg ̀ gihtnbug thdnb `gphrihlndinl a dhb @nlghd Bapchr (>07=->8=3). Philgi glgukn n`ndnb dhjgb jngi jhrjnl`glk thilgi hlkrnvglk `nl nent thrihlnd shjnkng shlg krncgishensn tnbnp nwnd znenl Zhejrnl`t `nl znenl Bhrmudns ]hkbhr igrn-igrn shoni njn` ih->;.Bnd glg ehlkglkntinl igtn pn`n bnrg glg jnbnwn thilgi glg ehrupninl s ndnb sntu `nrgpn`nhilgi ynlk shrjn kuln `nl oukn ehrupninl thilgi ynlk ehlgejudinl ihsnl mhtninl ynlk

bndus.

• Grgs / Kgmdhh- Philgi rhpra`uisg `hlknl ehlkkulninl iaeputhr `g `ndne shtgnp geho `nl tapadakg n`ndnb

bnsgd `nrgpn`n cngd `gkgtnd `nl `gmhtni ihdunr ehlkkulninl ehsgl mhtni —gli oht― ynlk gstgehwn,ehlkkulninl `niwn t, mnt nirgdgi `nl mnt eglyni. Kgmdhh oun ehrupninl sndnb sn tu `nrgpn`nmhtninl ynlk ehnwnrinl gonznb thrtglkkg ̀ ndne ihthpntnl shrtn ihinynnl wnrln ynlk thdnbhrsh` gn ultui `gkulninl ` g `ndne enln-enln thilgi rhpra`uisg iaeputhr.

• Dgtbakrnpby (Dgtakrncg)- Ehrupninl prashs phrmhtninl ynlk ehlkkulninl mnp jntu ntnu dakne. Philgi glgehrupninl prashs —pdnlakrncgi― `g `ndn shtgnp mhtninl ynlk ehladni ih`ndne thinlnl `nrgphreuinnl jntu ntnu jnbnkgnl ntns dakne ynlk shlsgtgc shmnrn igegn. ]hthruslyn, jnbnligegn glg ninl ehejadhbinl `niwnt ehdhint bnlyn pn`n inwnsnl ynlk `gmgptn, `nlehladnilyn `nrg inwnsnl geho ynlk tg`ni `gihbhl`nig. Dgtakrncg thdnb `gmgptn shigtnr tnbul>;72 `g ]adlbachl, Ohrenl adhb Ndags ]hlhchd`hr. ]honrnb nwn d jhrihlnnl `hlknl thilgiDgtakrncg glg n`n dnb `g`aeglnsg adhb nrtgs `nrg Vhrnlmgs ynlk thrihlnd shphrtg @nueghr `nl@hdnmragx, `nl iheu`gnllyn `gsejulk adhb @hkns , Paudaush ” Dnutrhh, Vgmnssa, Jrnquh `nlEgra.

• Ehzzatglt (Ehzatgl)- —Ehzza― jhrenisu` shthlknb `nl tglt 5 tgltn ynlk jhrenisu` grnen. Jhrjnl`glk `hlknlmnrn ehlkkulninl thilgi —hlkrnvglk―, thilgi glg ehlkkulninl thejnkn ntnu phreuinnlihdudg ynlk rn tn, ultui ehlkbnsgdinl gdustrnsg `ndne uigrnl tgejud `hlknl n`nlyn ihs nl thilgi

mnbnyn `nl jnynlk- jnynlk. Jnbnkgnl utnen `ndne phreuinnl ajohi ynlk rntn n`ndnb`gon`ginl insnr `hlknl ehlkkulninl ndnt ynlk `gshjut shjnkng ouephdnlk —ramihr― shensnprashs ehl`niwnt, gn ninl ̀ gmhtni ̀ hlknl `niwnt ynlk thrnlk. Jnbnkgnl ynlk shpntutlynn`ndnb putgb ntnu ihdnju `g `ndne mhtninl n`ndnb `gkasai ih jnwnb. Ihjgnsnnllyn, thilgi glg`gkulninl shensn njn` ih->2 `nl njn` ih->7 ultui ehkbnsgdinl patrngt `nl duigsnl ynlkdngl, thtnpg ehlon`g iula ntnupul thdnb `gdupninl shthdnb wuou`lyn thilgi —pbatahlkrnvglk.― 

• Ealatyph (Ealatngp)- Ehrupninl nltnr thilgi ynlk `gphrjunt `nrgpn`n duigsnl ynlk `gbnsgdinl pn`n ihpglknldakne ntnu khdns ̀ n l pgl`nbinl duigsnl ynlk ensgb jnsnb tn`g ihpn`n ihpglknl ihrtns`hlknl ehlkkulninl tnlknl ntnu thilgi ehlhinl htmbglk. Ogin ensgb thr`npnt jnig ynlkehlmuiupg thrtglkknd pn`n ntns phreuinnl dakne tn`g, mhtninl tnejnbnl ensgb dnkg jadhb`gjunt. [ndnu jnkngenlnpul, mhtninl sheudn glg ninl ehlon`g dhjgb iunt `nl thkub `nrgpn`ngeho shjhlnr. Mhtninl ealatngp juinldnb prashs ehlkbnsgdinl rhpdgin jhrknl`n shoni shtgnpmhtninl.

• Accsht Dgtbakrnpby- Ehrupninl thilgi pbataehinlgind ynlk gstgehwn ihrnln shtgnp geho ynlk `gmhtni ninl`gpgl`nbinl ihpn`n phreuinnl dakne ynlk lhkntgc `nl `gmhtni pn`n ntns ihrtns. Philgi glgsnlknt jhrihsnl ̀ gkulinl pn`n mhtninl ynlk jhrwnrln.

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