assignment waj 3106 - hubungan etnik

7/23/2019 Assignment WAJ 3106 - Hubungan Etnik

1/15

\gjuc Cbrjg Cursus

Tbrastawg 76 Iba 71>1 ibrupgcgh lbtac matgi sbjgrgm Hbegrg yghe ibruhecga

pbrsogkgh pbrmuùhegh ghtgrg cgui la Igkgysag. Hgtajgm lgrapglg pbrastawg tbrsbùt

pbk`gega usgmg lakgcucgh okbm pamgc cbrgjggh `gea ibhjgiah cbsbjgmtbrggh lgh

cbmgriohagh ghtgrg cgui lgpgt lapbrtahecgtcgh lgra sbigsg cb sbigsg. Aha lgpgt

lakamgt ibkgkua pbkgcsghggh lgsgr-lgsgr sosagk, bcohoia lgh pokatac yghe ibhjurus cbg

rgm pbrpglugh lgh pbiàhggh hbegrg `ghesg.

@brlgsgrcgh pbrhygtggh la gtgs, pbkgjgr lacbmbhlgca ibhemgsakcgh sgtu tuegsgh

pbhukasgh akiagm `brcbhggh lbhegh fg`grgh pbiàhggh Hbegrg `ghesg pglg igsg

mglgpgh la Igkgysag.

Vu` tuegsgh :

7. Tbkgjgr lacbmbhlgca ibhfgra igckuigt lgrapglg pbk`gega `gmgh yghe sbsuga

uhtuc pbhukasgh tbrsbùt.

0. Tbigpgrgh asa sbmgrushyg laokgm sbfgrg cratas, ghgkasas lgh ùcgh lgkgi `bhtuc

pbheokgmgh hgrgtan.

6. Tghjghe tuegsgh ghlg lgkgi kahecuhegh 72 iucg surgt talgc tbrigsuc sbhgrga

kgipargh lgh à`kaoergna.

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TBHEBHGKGH CBTGLG TBPAV\AUG 76 IBA 71>1

Tbrastawg 76 Iba 71>1 ibrupgcgh sgtu trgebla `brlgrgm yghe `ghygc

ibhaheegkcgh cbsgh tbrmglgp pokatac, bcohoia lgh sosagk igsygrgcgt Igkgysag.

Tbrastawg 76 Iba sbibighehyg ùcgh sugtu pbrastawg yghe `brkgcu sbfgrg ta`g-ta`g

gtgu cbrghg sb`g`-sb`g` yghe spohtgh tbtgpa aghyg ibrupgcgh sugtu rbhtbtgh cbpglg

sb`g` gtgu pbrastawg yghe tbkgm `brkgcu sb`bkuihyg.

\gheegk 76 Iba 71>1 tbrfbtus sgtu lbtac matgi lgkgi kapgtgh sbjgrgm hbegrg

cbrghg pbrtbkahecgmgh cgui yghe `brkgcu tbkgm ibhegca`gtcgh hbegrg cbmakghegh

`ghygc hygwg lgh cbrueagh mgrtg `bhlg. Ag ibipuhyga cgatgh rgpgt lbhegh

Takamghrgyg Riui 71>1 la ighg la lgkgi pakamghrgyg atu `ghygc asu sbhsatan tbkgm

la`ghecatcgh sbpbrta `gmgsg cb`ghesggh, cblulucgh astaibwg orghe ibkgyu lgh mgc

cbrgcygtgh ùcgh ibkgyu. Lgkgi pakamghrgyg atu, pgrta pbracgtgh egegk ibipbrokbma

igjorata 0/6 lgkgi lbwgh rgcygt ighgcgkg pgrta ebrgcgh lgh LGT yghe `brjgyg

ibhlgpgt 02 cbrusa tbkgm ibheglgcgh pbrgrgcgh la Cugkg Kuipur sgiàk ibhemahg

`ghesg ibkgyu. Cbglggh aha ibi`bra tgipgrgh mb`gt cbpglg orghe ibkgyu lgh

gcmarhyg RIHO tbkgm ibheglgcgh pbrgrgcgh `gkgs sb`gega `ghtgmgh tbrmglgp

pbhemahggh atu. Lgkgi sugsghg tbeghe lgh pbhum biosa igcg tbrfbtuskgm pbrastawg 76

iba 71>1 atu.

Cbsgh pbhlulucgh Jbpuh la \ghgm Ibkgyu ibrupgcgh sgkgm sgtu ngctor yghe

turut ibhyui`ghe cbpglg pbrastawg 76 Iba . Vbkgah atu cbsgh pbhaheegkgh pbhjgjgm

Aheebras jueg òkbm lakamgt sb`gega puhfg cbpglg pbrastawg tbrsbùt. Gigkgh

lascraiahgsa okbm Aheebras fohtomhyg tbkgm `ghygc ibrbheeghecgh kgea muùhegh

ghtgrg cgui la \ghgm Ibkgyu. Lgra sulut bcohoia, pbrastawg 76 Iba `ghygc

ibhaheegkcgh cbsgh yghe hbebtan tbrmglgp igsygrgcgt Ibkgyu cmgshyg lgh eokohegh

ùiaputbrg gihyg.

Tbhebhgkgh bcohoia ibheacut rgs uipgighyg glgkgm ùcta yghe jbkgs cbpglg

pbrsogkgh aha.Cbglggh aha ibrupgcgh sugtu cbsgh yghe hygtg sbkbpgs pbhjgjgmgh

@ratasm.Lgsgr bcohoia `gru yghe larghfghecgh okbm cbrgjggh pglg 7157 ibrupgcgh

0 | T g e b


3/15

sgtu usgmg `brtujugh uhtuc ibheai`ghea cbi`gka cblulucgh bcohoia lgh muùhegh

ghtgrg cgui la Igkgysag.

NGC\OP-NGC\OP QGHE IBITBHEGPRMA TBPAV\AUG 76 IBA 71>1

Mgsak lgra cgjagh, cbjglagh aha lasb`g`cgh okbm lgsgr pbfgm lgh pbrahtgm yghe

lagigkcgh okbm @ratasm yghe ibhegatcghhyg lbhegh ngctor-ngctor `bracut:

a) Tbiasgmgh tbipgt taheegk lgh tuipugh bcohoia

Lgsgr aha lakgcucgh okbm @ratasm uhtuc ibhebkgccgh pbrpglugh ghtgrg pbk`gega

cgui yghe lacmugtara gcgh ibheghfgi cblulucgh ibrbcg. Igsygrgcgt ibkgyu

tbrlara lgra pbtgha lgh hbkgygh la cgipuhe, igsygrgcgt fahg pukg tbkgm ibwgrasa

pbrhageggh sbfgrg turuh tbiuruh lgh taheegk la `ghlgr ighgcgkg igsygrgcgt

ahlag `bcbrjg sb`gega pbhorbm lgh taheegk la bstbt. Lgsgr aha tbkgm `brjgyg

larbgkasgsacgh `gea ibwujulcgh cbkoipoc-cbkoipoc bthac yghe `brlgsgrcgh

cbeagtgh bcohoia yghe taheegk lgkgi cbkoipoc igsahe-igsahe. Cbsghhyg,

ahtbrgcsa ghtgrg cgui mghyg tbr`gtgs la pbjg`gt lgh pgsgr sgmgjg. Aha ibkgmarcgh

pbrgsggh prgsghecg ghtgrg cgui yghe tbkgm ibhegpa-gpacgh kgea tbrfbtushyg

sbhtaibh 76 Iba 71>1.

a a) Vastbi pbhlalacgh yghe `brgsahegh.Vb`bkui Igkgysag ibiakaca sastbi pbhlalacgh Hgsaohgk, wujul < gkargh

pbhlalacgh yghe `brkgahgh agatu gkargh aheebras, ibkgyu, fahg lgh ahlag yghe

ibhegiàk sakaùs pbi`bkgjgrgh `br`bzg yghe ibhyb`g`cgh cbtalgcsbrgegigh

`gmgsg, albhtata lgh ngmgigh. Aha tbkgm ibhyb`g`cgh taiùkhyg pbk`gega

igsgkgm yghe ibi`bra aipgc ùruc lgkgi pbi`bhtucgh cgui la Igkgysag.Ugkgupuh sbkbpgs cbibrlbcggh cbrgjggh fu`g ibipbrcbhgcgh lgsgr-lgsgr

pbhlalacgh `gru `gea tujugh pbhybkgrgsgh hgiuh prosbs pbrpglugh aha sucgr

lakgcucgh.

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aaa) Tbr`bzggh gegig lgh cbùlgyggh.

Cgui ibkgyu sb`gmgeagh `bsgrhyg `brgegig askgi Cgui fahg `brgegig

@ullmg, Kgo-\zg, \goasib, Fohnafaus ighgcgkg cgui ahlag `brgegig mahlu. La

sgipahe atu tbrlgpgt jueg yghe `brgegig crastagh. Vbtagp cgui jueg ibipuhyga

cbùlgyggh yghe tbrsbhlara. Igsgkgm pbrpglugh aha ùcghhyg `briukg

lasb`g`cgh gegig kgah tbtgpa gca`gt lgra sacgp jgmak tbrmglgp gegig-gegig kgah

maheeg `ghygc pbrcgrg yghe lakgcucgh sbfgrg talgc sbhegjg tbkgm ibhyaheeuhe

biosa pbheghut gegig kgah. Ahakgm puhfg yghe tbkgm ibhegca`gtcgh pbrastawg 76

Iba 71>1.

av) Igsgkgm bcohoia.

Cbeagtgh bcohoia `br`bzg tbkgm ibwujulcgh jurghe pbhlgpgtgh `br`bzg ghtgrg

cgui lgh ibhaiùkcgh rgsg talgc pugs mgta lgh pbrsgahegh bcohoia sbfgrg

talgc samgt. Cbtalgcsbai`ghegh aha ibhyb`g`cgh sbtagp cgui sgkahe

ibhfbiùrua sgtu sgig kgah. Orghe ibkgyu ibhfbiùrua cbibwgmgh lgh

cbjgyggh orghe fahg ighgcgkg orghe fahg lgh ahlag ibhfbiùrua cbkbàmgh

orghe ibkgyu yghe ibhlgpgt pbkughe pbrcmaligtgh lgkgi sbctor pbhtglàrgh.

v)Tbrsgtugh-pbrsgtugh Bthac.Vtructur igsygrgcgt pbk`gega cgui la Igkgysag tbkgm ibkgmarcgh `ghygc

pbrsgtugh pokatac, sosagk lgh bcohoia yghe ibipbrjughecgh cgui igsahe-

igsahe tghpg ibhemargucgh cgui-cgui yghe kgah. Tgrta pokatac `br`bhtuc

pbrcguigh sbrahecgka ibhebcspoatgsa pbr`bzggh-pbr`bzggh yghe wujul la

cgkghegh cgui maheeg ibwujulcgh rgsg talgc pugs mgta yghe cbtgrg ghtgrg

cgui.

va) Tbhlulucgh Jbpuh

Cbtacg pbhlulucgh Jbpuh la \ghgm Ibkgyu, Jbpuh tbkgm ibi`bra kgyghgh yghe

kbàm astaibwg cbpglg orghe ibkgyu `br`ghlahe orghe fahg cbrghg Jbpuh igsam

lapbhegruma sbhtaibh pbpbrghegh lbhegh fahg pglg gcmar curuh cb 71 lgh gwgk

curuh cb 04. Orghe ibkgyu lakghtac ibhjgla gscgr lgh pokas tbtgpa orghe fahg

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5/15

lacbtbpacgh. Cbtacg atu rgiga orghe fahg ibhybrtga ITGJG (Igkgysagh pbopkb

ghta jgppghbsb griy) gtgu àhtghe taeg. Cbglggh `brtgi`gm ùruc cbrghg rgiga

tbhtbrg jbpuh yghe ibhybrghe ITGJ tbrlara lgra gcgr ibkgyu lgh aha

ibwujulcgh pbrsbhecbtggh ghtgrg orghe ibkgyu lgh fahg. Ugkgupuh ITGJ

tbkgm latbwgscgh sbtbkgm @ratasm cbi`gka, hgiuh sbhtaibh pbrcguigh aha igsam

cugt.

vaa) Ibi`ghecatcgh sogk sbhsatan pglg Takamghrgyg uiui 71>1.

Tgrta pokatac tbkgm ibigahcgh asu-asu sbhsatan sbpbrta cblulucgh astaibwg orghe

ibkgyu, sogk `gmgsg lgh cbrgcygtgh uhtuc ibighfahe uhla la lgkgi cbipbi

pakamghrgyg. Vbtbkgm pgrta ebrgcgh lgh LGT `brjgyg ibhgnacgh igjorata 0/6 pgrta

pbracgtgh, pgrta tbrsbùt tbkgm `brgrgc sgiàk ibi`ghecatcgh sogk-sogk sbhsatan

sbpbrta cbtughgh ibkgyu. Cbglggh `brtgi`gm ùruc gpgàkg orghe ibkgyu la

`gwgm ghjurgh RIHO `brtahlgc`gkgs ibhghecas pbhemahggh atu lgh cbglggh

ibhjgla talgc tbrcgwgk lgh ibhfbtuscgh bpasol `brlgrgm 76 Iba 71>1 yghe

tbkgm ibheor`ghcgh hygwg lgh mgrtg `bhlg yghe `ghygc.

\AHLGCGH QGHE \BKGM LAGI@AK OKBM CBPGJGGH VBKBTGV TBPAV\AUG

76 IBA 71>1

Igsgkgm 76 Iba 71>1 jacg lakamgt lgra sgtu gspbc `ghygc ibi`bra cbsgh hbegtan

tbrmglgp hbegrg tbtgpa jacg lakamgt lgra sulut yghe kgah pukg ag sb`bhgrhyg `ghygc

ibi`bra cb`gacgh cbpglg catg sbiug rgcygt Igkgysag. Tbrastawg tbrsbùt tbkgm

ibi`bra sgtu cbsblgrgh yghe ibhlgkgi tbhtghe cbpbhtahegh pbrpglugh ghtgrg cgui

la Igkgysag lgh cbsgh yghe gcgh lamglgpa jacg ibheg`gacgh cbpbhtaheghhyg la

sgipahe pbhfbtus albg supgyg cbrgjggh ibhegi ak kghecgm ibi`bhtuc sbiukg

igsygrgcgt Igkgysag ibhbrusa lgsgr-lgsgr lgh tahlgcgh sbebrg uhtuc ibigstacgh

cbigciurgh hbegrg tbrus tbrpbkamgrg lgh tbrjgiah.

Ghtgrg kghecgm-kghecgm yghe tbkgm lagiàk okbm cbrgjggh glgkgm sbpbrta `bracut:

a) Ibheasytamgrcgh lgrurgt `brcugtcugsg sbrtg ibrtg.

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6/15

Vbkbpgs cbglggh ibhjgla talgc tbrcgwgk lgh pbrtbipurgh ghtgrg cgui

`brkgcu, cbrgjggh tbkgm ibheasytamgrcgh lgrurgt pglg 7> Iba 71>1 la sbkurum

hbegrg uhtuc ibhbhghecgh cbglggh, ibi`bra igsg cbpglg pamgc yghe

tbrka`gt `brnacar sbfgrg rgsaohgk tahlgcgh ibrbcg lgh uhtuc ibhembhtacgh

cbcgfgugh lgkgi igsg sahecgt.

aa) Ibi`bhtuc Igjkas Ebrgcgh Hbegrg (IGEBPGH) pglg 75.2.71>1 `gea

ibhegiàkgkam tuegs pgrkaibh uhtuc sbibhtgrg.

IGEBPGH yghe lacbtuga pbrlghg ibhtbra cbtacg atu, \uh G`luk Pgzgc

`brsgig pbiaipah-pbiaipah pokatac, pbegwga cghgh cbrgjggh lgh pbegwga

taheea pokas lgh tbhtbrg `brnuhesa uhtuc ibhebi`gkacgh cbgighgh lgh

uhlghe-uhlghe hbegrg, ibhbhtucgh pbhtglàrgh yghe kafah lgh sbipurhg

sbrtg ibhebi`gkacgh sugsghg mgrioha lgh cbpbrfgyggh ghtgrg cgui la

Igkgysag. IGEBPGH `brjgyg ibhfgpga igtkgigthyg lgh cbrgjggh

`brpgrkaibh lacbi`gkacgh pglg 06.0.7157.

aaa) Ibhuùmcgh Jg`gtgh pbrpglugh hbegrg (JTH) lgh Igjkas Iuma``gm

Hbegrg (IIH)pglg 7154.

Jg`gtgh Tbrpglugh Hbegrg `brnuhesa uhtuc:g) Ibi`ghtu ibhahecgtcgh cbsblgrgh coiuhata ibhebhga pbrpglugh

lgh ahtbergsa hgsaohgk ibkgkua gctavata pbheegkgcgh lgh pbheucumgh

`) Ibwujul lgh ibhybkgrgscgh gctavata pbrpglugh ibkgkua rucuh

tbtgheeg `brgsgscgh cohsbp cbjarghgh

f) Ibi aiàhe cghgc-cghgc `br akghe cgui uhtuc ibi`bhtuc

pbra`gla lgh pbrwgtgcgh yghe sbipurhg `gea cbpbhtahegh pbrpglugh

lgh ahtergsa ibkgkua tgàcg pbrpglugh

l) Ibi`ghtu lgh ibheucumcgh pbrpglugh lgh ahtbergsa hgsaohgk

ibkgkua pbhybkalacgh bthososagk

b) Ibhyblagcgh cmaligt socohegh yghe `brcugkata lgkgi gspbc

pbheurusgh cbwghegh lgh sui`br ighusag sbrtg pbhtgl argh gi

supgyg igtkgigt jg`gtgh lgpgt lafgpga lbhegh jgyghyg.

> | T g e b


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av) Ibhuùmcgh Igjkas Tbruhlahegh Hbegrg (ITH) pglg 01.7.7154.

Latuùmcgh pglg Jghugra 7154 uhtuc ibi`bhtuc pbrpglugh ghtgrg cgui la

Igkgysag.Gheotg ITH tbrlara lgra wgcak IGEBPGH, cbrgjggh hbebra, wgcak

pgrta pokatac, wgcak lgra sg`gm lgh sgrgwgc, cuipukgh gegig lgh sb`gegahyg.

Igjkas Tbruhlahegh aha agkgm uhtuc ibhbkata asu-asu pbrpglugh hbegrg sbrtg

ibhfgra jgkgh uhtuc ibhybkbsgacgh igsgkgm-igsgkgm yghe `brsghecutgh

lbhegh pbrmuùhegh lgh ahtbergsa cgui la Igkgysag. IGTBH jueg

`brtgheeuhejgwg` tbrmglgp `b`brgpg albokoea hbegrg `brcgatgh pbrpglugh

sbpbrta rucuh hbegrg lgh pahlggh pbrkbi`geggh tbrtbhtu.

Tbheeu`gkgh Pucuh Hbegrg ibrupgcgh sgtu albkoea yghe laeu`gk la `gwgm

paipahgh IGEBPGH lgh laeu`gk okbm ITH pglg 05.7.7154.

Trahsap-prahsap rucuh hbegrg:

g) Cbpbrfgyggh cbpglg tumgh-pbrkbi`geggh pbrsbcutugh igkgysag

tbkgm ibhbtgpcgh gegig askgi sb`gega gegig rgsia lgh gegig kgah

`b`gs lagigkcgh la ighg-ighg `gmgeagh.

`) Cbsbtaggh cbpglg rgjg lgh hbegrg-ibhbcghcgh cbsbtaggh rgcygt

cbpglg cbtug hbegrg lgh hbebra igsahe-igsahef) Cbkumurgh pbrkbi`geggh-supgyg rgcygt lgpgt ibhbraig,

ibigtuma lgh ibipbrtgmghcgh cbiukaggh pbrkbi`geggh pbrsbcutugh

igkgysag.

l) Cblgukgtgh uhlghe-uhlghe-uhlghe-uhlghe tbrsbùt pbrku

lapgtuma uhtuc ibigstacgh cblgukgtghhyg sbhtagsg tbrpbkamgrg

b) Cbsopghgh lgh cbsusakggh-pbi`bhtucgh igsygrgcgt `bràkghe

cgui yghe mgrioha lgpgt lakgmarcgh sbcarghyg sbtagp ahlavalu lgkgi

igsygrgcgt òkbm `brpbeghe tbeum cbpglg prahsap aha.

v) Tbhyusuhgh sbiukg pokatac

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8/15

Vbkbpgs 76 Iba 74>1, pgrta-pgrta pokatac iukg ibhyblgra cbpbhtahegh `brsgtu

lgkgi sgtu `grasgh yghe ibheegùhecgh pbk`gega cgui. Tbhygtugh

ngmgigh pokatac ibkgkua sastbi cbrgjggh fgipurgh lafglghecgh `gea `gea

ibheurghecgh pbrpbfgmgh pokatac & sbsuga lbhegh pahlggh pbrkbi`geggh

7157. @grasgh Hgsaohgk latuùmcgh lbhegh lagheeotga pbrtuùmgh

cb`ghesggh ibkgyu `brsgtu (RIHO), Tgrta Askgi sb-igkgysag(TGV), Coherbs

ahlag Igkgysag (IAF) lgh pbrsgtugh fahg Igkgysag (IFG) sbrtg > kgea pgrta

pokatac. Poi`gcgh pokatac aha `brjgyg cbrghg sbiug pamgc iukg ibigmgia

cbpbhtahegh pbrpglugh cgui.

Vbmaheeg cb mgra aha, @grasgh Hgsaohgk igsam cbcgk wgkgupuh tbrlgpgt

pbrpbfgmgh pglg structur gsgk pbhuùmghhyg.

va) Tahlggh Gctg Mgsutgh

Lacbkugrcgh lgrapglg pbr ahfghegh uiui tbhtghe cblulucgh astaibwg

orghe ibkgyu lgh cblulucgh rgjg-rgjg ibkgyu.

vaa) Iblag igssg laeuhgcgh uhtuc ibhlblgmcgh pbk`gega `bratg, kgporgh

lgh lgsgr cbrgjggh gcgh ibrgpgtcgh jurghe igckuigt yghe wujul cbrghg

iblag igssg gcgh ibi`bhtuc pbiacargh lgh pghlghegh rgcygt ygheibigmgia pbk`gega hakga lgh saiòk hbegrg. Aha ibheurghecgh prgsghecg

gca`gt cblgpgtgh igckuigt yghe talgc tbpgt.

FG@GPGH TBI@AHGGH HBEGPG @GHEVG TGLG IGVG MGLGTGH LA IGKGQVAG

= | T g e b


9/15

Lbhegh tbrjglahyg pbrastawg 76 Iba 71>1 tbrsbùt, igcg wujulhyg fg`grgh

pbiàhggh Hbegrg `ghesg pglg igsg mglgpgh la Igkgysag. Cb grgm ibi`bhtuc sgtu

hbegrg `ghesg Igkgysag, tbrlgpgt taeg ngctor yghe ibhjgla fg`grgh pbiàhggh hbegrg

`ghesg agatu ngctor pokatac, bcohoia, lgh sosagk. Ibheacut Pghjat (711>), ngctor pokatac

lakamgt lgra sulut pbheegùhegh pgrta-pgrta pokatac pbk`gega cgui ibkgkua Tgrta Tbracgtgh

lgh @grasgh Hgsaohgk. Cbrjgsgig lgh pgcgtgh pokatac pbk`gega cgui lgkgi @grasgh

Hgsaohgk tbkgm ibhemgsakcgh cbstgàkgh pokatac lgh cbgighgh la lgkgi hbebra.

Ngctor pokatac jueg ibrupgcgh fara gsgs cb grgm ibipbrfbpgtcgh gebhlg

pbi ahggh Hbegrg `ghesg aha. Cbstg akgh pokatac ibhjgla prgsygrgt cbpglg

pbi`gheuhgh lgh cbpbsgtgh bcohoia sbsbùgm hbegrg. Vbfgrg uiuihyg tbrlgpgt

pbr bzggh pbrsbpsa ghtgrg ahlavalu la lgkgi ibkamgt cbpglg ngctor aha. Tbr bzggh

pbrsbpsa aha `brkgcu cbrghg la lgkgi igsygrgcgt igjiuc yghe lafaracgh okbm cbwujulgh

`br gega-`gega uhsur pbr`bzggh ibhemgsakcgh cbmbhlgc yghe `br bzg lalgkgi

ibkamgt sbsugtu asu. Vbtbrushyg aghyg ibhemgsakcgh pbr`bzggh ngksgngm lgkgi rupg

pbiàhggh hbegrg `ghesg lgh fgrg-fgrg ibhfgpgahyg. Ibkgkua cgjagh lgh pbhukasgh,

lalgpgta pbr`bzggh pbrsbpsa tbhtghe hbegrg `ghesg ibkgkua ngctor pokatac wujul

`brlgsgrcgh cgui lgh wakgygm. Cbglggh aha ibhjuruscgh cbpglg kgmarhyg pbrsbpsa-

pbrsbpsa tbrsbhlara lgrapglg igmgsaswg ibhebhga pbrspbctan pokatac aha. Jacg tbrlgpgt

pbr`bzggh pbrsbpsa yghe talgc cbtgrg lacgkghegh igmgsaswg pglg igsg caha, aghyg

igipu ibipbrfbpgtcgh tbr`bhtuchyg hbegrg-`ghesg Igkgysag.

Lgra sbea ngctor bcohoia, pbrkgcsghggh Lgsgr Bcohoia @gru (LB@) ibrupgcgh

pbrcgrg yghe sbrahe lacgatcgh lbhegh pbiàhggh hbegrg-`ghesg Igkgysag. Vbkbpgs

ibrlbcg, cbglggh bcohoia rgcygt Igkgysag pglg igsg atu glgkgm laalbhtanacgsacgh

lbhegh sbsgutu cuipukgh bthac. Vbfgrg uiuihyg, jacg tbrlgpgt cuipukgh bthac yghe

laahlbhtatacgh sb`gega ibheugsga sbsgutu àlghe, aghyg pgsta ibhaiùkcgh pbrgsggh

fbiùru lgh sygc wgsghecg lgh aha pgstahyg ibhfgfgtcgh prosbs pbiàhggh hbegrg-

`ghesg. Tulgrhyg pbhebhgkgh cgui `brlgsgrcgh nuhesa bcohoia sbfgrg talgc

kghesuhe ibheugtcgh kgea muùhegh pbrpglugh ghtgrg cgui la Igkgysag.

Ngctor sosagk yghe ibipbhegruma pbi ahggh hbegrg-`ghesg Igkgysag pukg

ibrghecuia pbrghgh-pbrghgh Pucuh Hbegrg, Lgsgr Tbhlalacgh Cb`ghesggh, Lgsgr

1 | T g e b


10/15


11/15

cbrjgsgig lgh tokbrghsa ghtgrg wakgygm glgkgm pbhtahe `gea ibwujulcgh albhtata hbegrg

`ghesg Igkgysag aha. La uhavbrsata-uhavbrsata tbrlgpgt igmgsaswg yghe lgtghe lgra

pbk`gega tbipgt la sbkurum Igkgysag. Ibrbcg aha `br`bzg lgra sbea tbipgt gsgkhyg,

hgiuh uhtuc ibwujulcgh sgtu hbegrg `ghesg Igkgysag, pbr bzgggh yghe cbtgrg

ghtgrg igmgsaswg-igmgsaswg pgstahyg ibhfgfgtcgh gebhlg `bsgr aha.

Tbhybrgegigh sastbi pbhlalacgh la Igkgysag ibrupgcgh sgkgm sgtu fg`grgh

uhtuc pbiàhggh Hbegrg `ghesg pglg igsg mglgpgh la Igkgysag. Tamgc cbrgjggh

pbrku ibheglgcgh sgtu jbhas sastbi pbrsbcokgmgh sgmgjg. Mgpuscgh sbcokgm-sbcokgm

vbrhgcukgr supgyg ghgc-ghgc Igkgysag `bkgjgr lgh `breguk la sbcokgm cb`ghesggh

sgmgjg. Vbibstahyg `gmgsg pbheghtgr la sbcokgm ibstakgm `gmgsg ibkgyu. @gea cgui

Fahg lgh Ahlag, ibrbcg igsam lawgja`cgh uhtuc ibhegi ak su jbc `gmgsg aùhlg

ibrbcg la ighg su`jbc atu ibhjgla su`jbc pakamgh uhtuc lagiàk okbm cgui yghe kgah.

La sgipahe atu, euru-euru, cbrgha-cbrgha, pbi`ghtu igcigk lgh tucghe cbùh

jueg pbrku tbrlara lgrapglg sbiug `ghesg. Tbrpglugh mghyg òkbm wujul gpgàkg

taglghyg rgsg prbjulas ghtgrg sgtu sgig kgah. Trbjulas pukg mghyg lgpgt lamgpuscgh

lbhegh sgkahe ibhebhgka. Lgh la sbcokgmkgm prosbs ibhebhgka aha sghegt pbhtahe.

Ghgc-ghgc cbfak yghe igsam putam pbiacarghhyg pbrku la`bra pbhlalacgh la sugsghg

sbcokgm yghe `bràkghe `ghesg. Vbcokgm ibrupgcgh tbipgt tbr`gac uhtuc ibiupuc

pbrpglugh `br`ghlahe la tbipgt kgah. Iuhecah la sahakgm rbkbvghhyg pbrkgcsghggh

Vbcokgm Ugwgsgh Lgh Vbcokgm Vgtu Gkargh yghe pbrhgm lafglghecgh sb`bkui aha.

Fglghegh aha iuhecah gcgh latbhtghe mb`gt okbm pbk`gega pamgc tbrutgig cgui

kgah. Rhtuc ibhlgpgtcgh sbsugtu, catg pbrkukgm ibi`bracgh sbsugtu. Lgkgi mgk

ibhemgpuscgh sbcokgm vbrhgcukgr aha, catg òkbm ibhemgpuscgh sastbi cuotg lgkgi

cbigsucgh pbkgjgr cb Igtracukgsa. Catg sbiug ibhebtgmua cgui ùcgh ùiaputrg

mghyg lapbruhtuccgh sb`ghygc 74% tbipgt. Jacg catg jujur igmucgh pbrpglugh,ibhegpg talgc catg ighsumcgh cuotg aha? @agrkgm pbkgjgr-pbkgjgr ibkgyu, fahg lgh Ahlag

`brsgahe lgkgi ibrbùt tbipgt. Vagpg yghe kgygc, lag yghe lgpgt. Tgsta ahakgm yghe

cgui ùcgh ùiaputrg igmucgh. Jgla la saha hakga eavb ghl tgcb lgpgt lakgcucgh.

Ibrbcg mgpuscgh sastbi sbcokgm vbrhgcukgr, catg `bra ibrbcg Vastbi Igtracukgsa yghe

`brgsgscgh ibratcorgsa.

77 | T g e b


12/15

Tbheeuhggh sbiukg @gmgsg Ibkgyu sbfgrg ibkugs lgkgi sbegkg urusgh jueg

ibrupgcgh kghecgm yghe pbhtahe lgkgi pbiàhggh Hbegrg `ghesg. Lgkgi cohtbcs

aha, `ghygc cbrgjggh @grgt yghe ibipbrtbegscgh pbheeuhggh `gmgsg rgsia sb`gega

sgtu-sgtuhyg `gmgsg coiuhacgsa tghpg sb`grghe coiproia, `gac lgkgi urusgh

pbrcmaligtgh gwgi, pbhlalacgh gsgs la sbcokgm igmupuh la ahstatusa pbhegjagh taheea.

Lbia ibwujulcgh pbrpglugh cgui, glg cbrgjggh yghe ibhemgrgicgh pbheeuhggh

lgh pbhegjgrgh `gmgsg aùhlg eokohegh iahorata sbmaheeg cb tgmgp ibheugtcugsgcgh

mucuigh cb gtgs pgrg pbkgjgr yghe `brcoiuhacgsa ghtgrg ibrbcg lgkgi `gmgsg

iahorata la lgkgi cgwgsgh lgh pbrsbcatgrgh sbcokgm. Cbrgjggh Tbrghfas iasgkhyg tbkgm

mgipar ibhemgrgicgh tbrus pbheeuhggh `gmgsg @rbtoh, cbrgjggh @ratasm

ibhemgrgicgh `gmgsg Ubksm lgh cbrgjggh Vfotkghl tbkgm ibkbhygpcgh `gmgsg

Egbkaf la ùia Vfotkghl.

Vbkgah atu, cbrgjggh òkbm ibheAsymtamgrcgh 76 Iba sb`gega Mgra Tbrpglugh

\gracm aha mgrus lajglacgh futa uiui `gea laglgcgh pbk`gega proergi pbrpglugh.

@agrkgm tgracm aha ibrupgcgh mgra la ighg sbiug orghe sgkahe `brgigm ibsrg lgh

rgcygt Igkgysag `brebiàrg lbhegh pbrpglugh, ùcgh cbtgcutgh ibhebhghe

pbreglumgh. @agrkgm tgracm 76 Iba lacbhghe sb`gega sbsugtu yghe putam `brfgmgyg

ùcgh largtgp sb`gega sbsugtu yghe `brholg matgi.

Lasgipahe atu, pbrghgh igsygrgcgt glgkgm uhtuc ibi`bhtuc pbrpglugh yghe

`brcbcgkgh. Cbrjgsgig yghe òkbm lawujulcgh uhtuc ibhjgygcgh pbrpglugh glgkgm

sbpbrta ibiupuc sbighegt pgtraotasib la cgkghegh rgcygt. Catg ibstakgm `brgsg

`gheeg ibhjgla rgcygt igkgysag. Rsgmg-usgmg pamgc yghe aheah ibigjucgh hbegrg

pbrku sbhtagsg lasocohe. Jgsg lgh pbrjughegh tocom-tocom hbegrg sbpbrta \uhcu G`luk

Pgmigh yghe ibigahcgh pbrghgh pbhtahe lgkgi pbrjughegh ibhlgpgtcgh

cbibrlbcggh mgruskgm lagiàk tgmu lgh lamgrega. Kgi`ghe-kgi`ghe cb`bsgrgh hbegrg

sbpbrta `bhlbrg, kgeu cb`ghesggh (Hbegrgcu) lgh jgta hbegrg mgrus lacbhgka lgh

lamorigta okbm sbtagp wgreghbegrg.

Vbtagp rgcygt jueg pbrku `brsangt sbtag lgh sgyghe pglg hbegrg aha. Catg mgrus

tggt cbpglg rgjg lgh pbiaipah sbrtg talgc ibhecmaghgta hbegrg. Catg mgrus sbhtagsg

pbcg tbrmglgp asu lgh igsgkgm `ghesg lgh hbegrg sbrtg fgrg ibhegtgsahyg. Catg jueg

70 | T g e b


13/15

pbrku ibhegigkcgh sbighegt cbcatggh. Vbighegt aha lgpgt lapupuc lbhegh sacgp

`brtokgc ghsur lgh `brtokbrghsa lgkgi igsygrgcgt. Vangt `brsgtu pglu ghtgrg

igsygrgcgt pbk`gega cgui gigt pbhtahe uhtuc ibwujulcgh cbmgriohagh lgh

sbighegt `brjughe uhtuc hbegrg, ùcghhyg uhtuc `ghesg lgh cgui sbhlara. \aglg

sagpg yghe `brmgc ibhecratac gtgu ibrbhlgmcgh glgt rbsgi lgh cbpbrfgyggh cgui

kgah. Catg pbrku ibheegkgccgh gctavata yghe ibka gtcgh pbheka`gtgh pbk gega cgui

sbpbrta eotohe-royohe lgpgt ibiupuc sbighegt `brigsygrgcgt ghtgrg cgui

La sgipahe atu jueg, ibhghgi sangt `brlasapkah jueg sghegt pbhtahe uhtuc

pbiàhggh Hbegrg `ghesg lacgkghegh igsygrgcgt Igkgysag. Tbrgturgh lgh uhlghe-

uhlghe yghe latbtgpcgh okbm cbrgjggh mgruskgm lapgtuma okbm sbtagp rgcygt. Pgcygt

pbrku `brpbcbrta iukag, `brsacgp pbrgigm lgh `brcbkgcugh sopgh supgyg lgpgt

ibhahecgtcgh rbputgsa hbegrg. Vbtagp rgcygt mgrus ibipbrtgmghcgh sbrtg ibhjuhjuhe

pbrkbi`geggh hbegrg uhtuc ibwujulcgh cbgighgh lgkgi hbegrg. Vacgp gighgm lgh

jujur lgkgi lara gcgh ibhebkgccgh hprgsghecg ghtgrg cgui lgh gcgh ibi`gwg

pbrpglugh.

Pgcygt jueg sbmgrushyg `brlacgra lgh talgc tbrkgku `breghtuhe cbpglg `ghtugh

cbrgjggh. Vbtagp wgreghbegrg mgrus `bcbrjgsgig uhtuc ibhemglgpa gpg jug fg`grgh

lgkgi hbegrg. Fohtomhyg, la lgkgi satugsa egwgt sbpbrta sbcgrghe, rgcygt sbmgrushyg

ibhegiàk acta`gr lgra pbrastawg egwgt pglg 711= la ighg sbtagp rgcygt `bregùhe

tbhgeg uhtuc ibiukamcgh sbiukg bcohoia hbegrg.

CBVAITRKGH

Tbrpglugh gigt pbhtahe lgkgi sbsbùgm hbegrg uhtuc ibhjgiah cblgigagh la

cgkghegh rgcygt. Tbrpglugh lgh ahtberasa hgsaohgk glgkgm fg`grgh yghe `bsgr yghegcgh ibhbhtucgh cbmgriohagh sosagk, cbstgàkgh pokatac lgh pbrtuiùmgh bcohoia.

Tbrpglugh òkbm lafgpga ibkgkua lug fgrg utgig agatu ibkgkua Ahtbrergsa lgh gsaiakgsa.

Ahtbergsa agkgm sgtu prosbs `gea ibwujulcgh albhtata hgsaohgk la cgkghegh cuipukgh-

cuipukgh yghe tbrpasgm lgra sbea cbùlgyggh, sosagk lgh kocgsa la lgkgi sgtu uhat

pokatac. Ighgcgkg gsaiakgsa pukg agkgm sgtu prosbs `gegaighg cuipukgh-cuipukgh

76 | T g e b


14/15

iahorata lagsaiakgsacgh ibkgkua pbrcgmwahgh fgipur lgh sb`gegahyg cb lgkgi

cuipukgh bthac yghe kbàm `bsgr. Gibracg lgh `b`brgpg hbegrg Bropgm sbpbrta @ratgah

lgh Tbrghfas iasgkhyg ibheeuhgcgh cohsbp gsaiakgsa lgkgi pbhlbcgtgh ibrbcg

uhtuc ibhygtucgh pbk`gega bthac iahorata, bthac pbraùia, lgh bthac loiahgh lgkgi

hbegrg. Lgkgi prosbs gsaiakgsa atu ùlgyg bthac iahorata tbrkbùr, tbrfbrhg, tbrgluh

igkgm sbsbtbhegmhyg tbrsarhg lgkgi ùlgyg igjorata yghe loiahgh.

Hgiuh jacg latbkata gspbc-gspbc la gtgs, cbrgjggh kbàm `ghygc ibheusgmgcgh

pbi`bhtucgh pbrpglugh cgui ibkgkua prosbs ahtbergsa cbrghg ibkgkua prosbs ahtbergsa

sbtagp bthac gcgh lgpgt `brcohesa sgtu albhtata hgsaohgk lgh gpgàkg aha `brkgcu igcg

sbfgrg koeachyg gcgh wujulkgm prosbs gsaiakgsa. Cgblgm gsaiakgsa talgc gcgh `brjgyg

cbrghg sbtagp cbkoipoc talgc ibmu cbmakghegh fara-fara lgh ùlgyg ibrbcg. @gea

sbsbtbhegm ùlgygwgh, yghe ibhokgc iolbk gsaiakgsa, ibrbcg ibkamgt pbhlbcgtgh aha

sb`gega sgtu `bhtuc pbhjgjgmgh lgkgigh cbrghg lgkgi prosbs aha `brkgcu bcspkoatgsa

eokohegh igjorata tbrmglgp eokohegh iahorata. Cgblgm-cgblgm kgah iuhecah òkbm

`brjgyg cbrghg Igkgysag sulgm `brjgyg ibhegwgk pbr`bzggh bthac. Vbtagp igsgkgm

yghe wujul sbmgrushyg latghegha sbfgrg `brsgig okbm sbiug rgcygt.

Okbm atu, Rsgmg ibi`bhtuc pbrpglugh cgui ibrupgcgh sgtu pbrcgrg yghe

gigt pbhtahe uhtuc ibi`bhtuc sgtu hbegrg yghe utum. Ibhyblgra mgcacgt tbrsbùt,

cbrgjggh tbkgm `brusgmg sbmaheeg cb mgra aha uhtuc ibi`bhtuc pbrpglugh cgui la

igkgysag ibkaputa sbegkg gspbc3 bcohoia, pokatac lgh sosagk `gea ibigstacgh Igkgysag

igipu igju sbarahe lbhegh hbegrg kgah la luhag.

PRJRCGH

Grtacbk(0470, Iba 76). Acta`gr 76 Iba. @bratg Mgragh Ohkahb. Pbtrabvbl Gueust 0470 nroi

mttp://www.`mgragh.foi.iy/`mgragh/grtafkbs/Acta`gr76Iba/Grtafkb/ahlbx

Azrgbk @ah G`lukkgm (0470). Bkgc \rgebla 76 Iba. Pbtrabvbl Gueust 0470 nroi

mttp://lbtacpbru`gmgh.foi/0470/45/06/bkgc-trgebla-76-iba-71>1/

7< | T g e b
http://www.bharian.com.my/bharian/articles/Iktibar13Mei/Article/indexhttp://detikperubahan.com/2012/07/23/elak-tragedi-13-mei-1969/http://www.bharian.com.my/bharian/articles/Iktibar13Mei/Article/indexhttp://detikperubahan.com/2012/07/23/elak-tragedi-13-mei-1969/


15/15

Ighgn, G. G. (0442). Vbjgrgm Vosagk Igsygrgcgt Igkgysag. Cugkg Kuipur: Rtusgh

Tu`kafgtaohs & Lastraùtors.

Hgziak Hgsarullah. (0470). Bkgc \rgebla 76 Iba 71>1. Rtusgh ohkahb. Pbtrabvbl Gueust

nroi mttp://utusgh.foi.iy/utusgh/Tokatac/04704506/po_40/Bkgc-trgebla-76-Iba-71>1

Vmgisuk Gira @gmgrullah. (0477). Ioluk Muùhegh B\HAC. Vmgm Gkgi: Tusgt

Tbhbràtgh Rhavbrsata (RTBHG).

Zgal Gmigl Sbt.gkY. (0474). @ucu \bcs Muùhegh Bthac la Igkgysag: Blasa Cblug.

Vbkgheor: Oxnorl Ngjgr Vlh. @ml.

Zurahgm Mgssgh. (711

assignment waj 3106 - hubungan etnik

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