cara distribusi obat yang baik edisi 2012

7/23/2019 Cara Distribusi Obat yang Baik Edisi 2012

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LKDKM JMEKUKV ALKT DKM @KCKMKM

\J^ZLHGC GMDAMJVGK

^J\KTZ\KM

CJ^KHK LKDKM ^JMEKUKV ALKT DKM @KCKMKM

\J^ZLHGC GMDAMJVGK

MA@A\ BC>6;64;;;>>:67 tjmtkmeMkrcatgck "Hj`lkrkm Mjekrk \jpulhgc Gmdamjsgk Tkbum

>7 Ma`ar ;46( Tk`lkbkm Hj`lkrkm Mjekrk \jpulhgc

Gmdamjsgk Ma`ar :>9


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\J^ZLHGC GMDAMJVGK

-7 Maàr ;44'3

5 Cjputuskm ^rjsgdjm Maàr ;>6 Tkbum >; tjmtkmeCjduduckm( Tueks( Iumesg( Cjwjmkmekm( Vusumkm

Arekmgsksg dkm Tktk Cjrok Hj`lkek ^j`jrgmtkb Mam

Djpkrtj`jm sjlkekg`kmk tjhkb ljljrkpk ckhg dgulkb

tjrkcbgr djmekm ^jrkturkm ^rjsgdjm Maàr 94 Tkbum

>:3

2 Cjputuskm ^rjsgdjm Maàr ;;> Tkbum >; tjmtkmeZmgt Arekmgsksg dkm Tueks Jsjham G Hj`lkek

^j`jrgmtkb Mam Djpkrtj`jm sjlkekg`kmk tjhkb

ljljrkpk ckhg dgulkb tjrkcbgr djmekm ^jrkturkm

^rjsgdjm Maàr :< Tkbum >:3

7 ^jrkturkm @jmtjrg Cjsjbktkm Maàr;;42!@JMCJV!^J\!YG!;; tjmtkme ^jdkekme Ljskr

Ikr`ksg3

;>Cjputuskm Cjpkhk Lkdkm ^jmekwks Alkt dkm @kckmkmMaàr >>;!VC!CLÂ@ Tkbum >; tjmtkme

Arekmgsksg dkm Tktk Cjrok Lkdkm ^jmekwks Alkt dkm

@kckmkm sjlkekg`kmk tjhkb dgulkb djmekm Cjputuskm

Cjpkhk Lkdkm ^jmekwks Alkt dkm @kckmkm Maàr

BC>>>::>;2!VC!CLÂ@ Tkbum >; tjmtkme

Arekmgsksg dkm Tktk Cjrok Zmgt ^jhkcskmk Tjcmgs dg

Hgmecumekm Lkdkm ^jmekwks Alkt dkm @kckmkm

sjlkekg`kmk tjhkb ljljrkpk ckhg dgulkb tjrkcbgr

djmekm ^jrkturkm Cjpkhk Lkdkm ^jmekwks Alkt dkm

@kckmkm Maàr BC>>>:73


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\J^ZLHGC GMDAMJVGK

-6-@J@ZTZVCKM?

@jmjtkpckm ? ^J\KTZ\KM CJ^KHK LKDKM ^JMEKUKV ALKT DKM

@KCKMKM TJMTKME ^JDA@KM TJCMGV FK\K DGVT\GLZVG

ALKT WKME LKGC

LKL G

CJTJMTZKM Z@Z@

^kskh ;

Dkhk` ^jrkturkm gmg ykme dg`kcsud djmekm?

; Fkrk Dgstrglusg Alkt ykme Lkgc( ykme sjhkmoutmyk dgsgmeckt FDAL( kdkhkbfkrk dgstrglusg!pjmykhurkm alkt dkm!ktku lkbkm alkt ykme ljrtuoukm

`j`kstgckm `utu sjpkmokme okhur dgstrglusg!pjmykhurkm sjsukg

pjrsykrktkm dkm tuoukm pjmeeumkkmmyk


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\J^ZLHGC GMDAMJVGK

-4-LKL GG

\ZKME HGMECZ^

^kskh >>:6


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HK@^G\KM^J\KTZ\KM CJ^KHK LKDKM ^JMEKUKV ALKT DKM @KCKMKM\J^ZLHGC GMDAMJVGKMA@A\ BC>6;64;;;


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;5 Vgstj` ùtu bkrus dgdacu`jmtksgckm sjfkrk hjmeckp dkm dgpkmtkujijctgvgtksmyk Vjùk cjegktkm ykme tjrckgt djmekm ùtu bkrusdgdjigmgsgckm dkm dgdacu`jmtksgckm Bkrus dgtjtkpckm kdkmyk sjlukbpkmdukm ùtu tjrtuhgs ktku dacu`jm hkgmmyk ykme sjtkrk

;2 Iksghgtks dgstrglusg bkrus `jmjtkpckm dkm `j`pjrtkbkmckm prasjdurumtuc gdjmtgigcksg( pjmeu`puhkm( pjmaàrkm( pjmfkrgkm(pjmyg`pkmkm( pj`jhgbkrkkm( pjùsmkbkm dkm kcsjs cj sjùkdacu`jm ykme ljrhkcu

;7 Vgstj` ùtu bkrus dgtjrkpckm djmekm fkrk ykme sjsukg djmekm rukmehgmecup dkm structur arekmgsksg iksghgtks dgstrglusg;;> Bkrus tjrsjdgk sgstj` pjmejmdkhgkm pjrulkbkm ykme `jmektur

pjrulkbkm prasjs crgtgs Vgstj` gmg bkrus `jmfkcup prgmsgp`kmkoj`jm rgsgca ùtu

;;; Vgstj` ùtu bkrus `j`kstgckm lkbwk?k' alkt dkm!ktku lkbkm alkt dgpjrahjb( dgsg`pkm( dgsjdgkckm(

dgcgrg`ckm ktku dgjcspar djmekm fkrk ykme sjsukg djmekmpjrsykrktkm FDAL3

l' tkmeeume okwkl `kmkoj`jm dgtjtkpckm sjfkrk ojhks3f' alkt dkm!ktku lkbkm alkt dgcgrg`ckm cj pjmjrg`k ykme tjpkt

dkhk` okmeck wkctu ykme sjsukg3d' cjegktkm ykme tjrckgt djmekm ùtu dgfktkt pkdk skkt cjegktkm

tjrsjlut dghkcuckm3j' pjmyg`pkmekm tjrbkdkp prasjdur ykme sudkb dgtjtkpckm

dgdacu`jmtksgckm dkm dgsjhgdgcg3i' tgmdkckm pjrlkgckm dkm pjmfjekbkm "FK^K' ykme tjpkt dgk`lgh

umtuc `j`pjrlkgcg dkm `jmfjekb tjrokdgmyk pjmyg`pkmekmsjsukg djmekm prgmsgp `kmkoj`jm rgsgca ùtu

;;


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cjegktkm ljrdkskrckm camtrkc bkrus dgtukmeckm dkhk` pjrokmogkmtjrtuhgs kmtkrk pj`ljrg dkm pjmjrg`k camtrkc

f' pj`kmtkukm dkm pjmeckogkm sjfkrk tjrktur cgmjrok pjmjrg`kcamtrkc( gdjmtgigcksg dkm pjmjrkpkm sjtgkp pjrlkgckm ykmedgpjrhuckm

CKOGKM DKM ^J@KMTKZKM @KMKOJ@JM;;4 @kmkoj`jm pumfkc bkrus `j`ghgcg prasjs iar`kh umtuc `jmeckog

sgstj` `kmkoj`jm ùtu sjfkrk pjrgadgc Ckogkm tjrsjlut `jmfkcup?k' ^jmeucurkm fkpkgkm skskrkm sgstj` `kmkoj`jm ùtu3l' ^jmghkgkm gmdgcktar cgmjrok ykme dkpkt dgeumkckm umtuc `j`kmtkujijctgvgtks prasjs dkhk` sgstj` `kmkoj`jm ùtu( sjpjrtg cjhubkm(

pjmyg`pkmekm( FK^K( pjrulkbkm prasjs3 u`pkm lkhgc tjrbkdkp

cjegktkm ljrdkskrckm camtrkc3 prasjs gmspjcsg dgrg tjr`ksucpjmeckogkm rgsgca dkm kudgt3 pjmghkgkm jcstjrmkh sjpjrtg tjùkmgmspjcsg lkdkm ykme ljrwjmkme dkm kudgt pjhkmeekm

f' ^jrkturkm( pjda`km( dkm bkh lkru ykme tjrckgt djmekm ùtu ykmedkpkt `j`pjmekrubg sgstj` `kmkoj`jm ùtu3

d' Gmavksg ykme dkpkt `jmgmecktckm cgmjrok sgstj` `kmkoj`jm ùtuj' ^jrulkbkm gchg` uskbk dkm skskrkm lgsmgs ykme sudkb dgtjtkpckm

sjljhu`myk

;;: Ckogkm `kmkoj`jm ùtu bkrus dghkcuckm sjfkrk ljrckhk dkm bksghmykdgcaùmgcksgckm sjfkrk jijctgi

@KMKOJ@JM \GVGCA @ZTZ;;9 @kmkoj`jm rgsgca ùtu kdkhkb suktu prasjs sgstj`ktgs umtuc `jmghkg(

`jmejmdkhgckm( `jmecaùmgcksgckm dkm `jmeckog rgsgca tjrbkdkpùtu alkt dkm!ktku lkbkm alkt Bkh gmg dkpkt dghkcskmkckm lkgc

sjfkrk prakctgi `kupum rjtraspjctgi

;;5 Iksghgtks dgstrglusg bkrus `jhkcskmkckm pjmghkgkm rgsgca sjfkrkljrcjsgmk`lumekm umtuc `jmghkg rgsgca ykme ùmecgm tjrokdgtjrbkdkp ùtu dkm gmtjergtks alkt dkm!ktku lkbkm alkt Vgstj` ùtu

bkrus dgsusum dkm dgtjrkpckm umtuc `jmkmekmg sjtgkp patjmsg rgsgcaykme tjrgdjmtgigcksg Vgstj` ùtu bkrus dgtgmoku uhkme dkm dgrjvgsgsjfkrk ljrckhk umtuc `jmkmekmg rgsgca lkru ykme tjrgdjmtgigcksg pkdkskkt pjmeckogkm rgsgca

;;2 @kmkoj`jm rgsgca ùtu bkrus `j`kstgckm lkbwk jvkhuksg rgsgcadgdkskrckm pkdk pjmejtkbukm gh`gkb( pjmekhk`km tjrbkdkp prasjsykme dgjvkhuksg dkm ljrckgtkm jrkt djmekm pjrhgmdumekm pksgjm Zskbkpjrlkgckm( iar`khgtks dkm dacu`jmtksg pjmeckogkm rgsgca ùtu bkrussjtkrk djmekm tgmeckt rgsgca ykme dgtg`luhckm

;;7 Bkrus tjrsjdgk prasjdur ykme `jmektur tjmtkme pj`luktkm dkmpjmejhahkkm dacu`jmtksg ykme tjrckgt djmekm gmiar`ksg alkt dkm!ktkulkbkm alkt Bkrus kdk cjtjmtukm `jmejmkg gdjmtgigcksg vgsukhtjrbkdkp alkt dkm!ktku lkbkm alkt ykme ljrpatjmsg dgpkhsuckm^rasjdur tjrsjlut bkrus `jmfkcup cjtjmtukm umtuc `jhkparckm alkt


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dkm!ktku lkbkm alkt dgduek pkhsu cj pj`jekme gzgm jdkr dkm!ktkupradusjm dkm lkdkm rjeuhktar mksgamkh "`gskhmyk Lkdkm ^A@ \G'


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LKL GGA\EKMGVKVG( @KMKOJ@JM DKM ^J\VAMKHGK

^jhkcskmkkm dkm pjmejhahkkm sgstj` `kmkoj`jm ùtu ykme lkgc sjrtkdgstrglusg alkt dkm! ktku lkbkm alkt ykme ljmkr skmekt ljrekmtume pkdkpjrsamgh ykme `jmokhkmckmmyk Bkrus kdk pjrsamgh ykme fucup dkm

ca`pjtjm umtuc `jhkcskmkckm sjùk tueks ykme `jmokdg tkmeeume okwkliksghgtks dgstrglusg Tkmeeume okwkl `ksgme-`ksgme pjrsamgh bkrus dgpkbk`gdjmekm ojhks dkm dgfktkt Vjùk pjrsamgh bkrus `j`kbk`g prgmsgp FDALdkm bkrus `jmjrg`k pjhktgbkm dkskr `kupum pjhktgbkm hkmoutkm ykme

sjsukg djmekm tkmeeume okwklmyk

A\EKMGVKVG DKM @KMKOJ@JM


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pjmdjhjeksgkm wkogl `jhkparckm cjegktkm ykme dghkcuckm cjpkdkpjmkmeeume okwkl


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cj`lkhgkm( ruskc( bksgh pjmkrgckm cj`lkhg ktku dgduek pkhsu3h' `j`kstgckm pj`jmubkm pjrsykrktkm hkgm ykme dgwkoglckm umtuc

alkt dkm!ktku lkbkm alkt tjrtjmtu sjsukg pjrkturkm pjrumdkme-umdkmekm

^J\VAMGH HKGMMWK


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LKL GGGLKMEZMKM DKM ^J\KHKTKM

Iksghgtks dgstrglusg bkrus `j`ghgcg lkmeumkm dkm pjrkhktkm umtuc `jmok`gmpjrhgmdumekm dkm dgstrglusg alkt dkm!ktku lkbkm alkt

6; Lkmeumkm bkrus dgrkmfkme dkm dgsjsukgckm umtuc `j`kstgckmlkbwk camdgsg pjmyg`pkmkm ykme lkgc dkpkt dgpjrtkbkmckm(`j`pumykg cjk`kmkm ykme `j`kdkg dkm ckpksgtks ykme fucupumtuc `jùmecgmckm pjmyg`pkmkm dkm pjmkmekmkm alkt ykme lkgc(

dkm krjk pjmyg`pkmkm dghjmeckpg djmekm pjmfkbkykkm ykme `j`kdkgumtuc `jùmecgmckm sjùk cjegktkm dghkcskmkckm sjfkrk kcurktdkm k`km

6


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-;;-

67 Bkrus tjrsjdgk prasjdur tjrtuhgs ykme `jmektur pjrsamgh tjr`ksucpjrsamgh camtrkc ykme `j`ghgcg kcsjs tjrbkdkp alkt dkm!ktku lkbkmalkt dg krjk pjmjrg`kkm( pjmyg`pkmkm dkm pjmegrg`km( umtuc`j`gmg`khckm cj`umecgmkm alkt dkm!ktku lkbkm alkt dgljrgckmcjpkdk pgbkc ykme tgdkc ljrbkc

6;> Lkmeumkm dkm iksghgtks pjmyg`pkmkm bkrus ljrsgb dkm ljlks dkrgsk`pkb dkm djlu Bkrus tjrsjdgk prasjdur tjrtuhgs( praerk`pj`ljrsgbkm dkm dacu`jmtksg pjhkcskmkkm pj`ljrsgbkm ^jrkhktkmpj`ljrsgb ykme dgpkckg bkrus sjsukg kekr tgdkc `jmokdg su`ljr

camtk`gmksg tjrbkdkp alkt dkm!ktku lkbkm alkt

6;; Lkmeumkm dkm iksghgtks bkrus dgrkmfkme dkm dghjmeckpg( sjbgmeek`j`ljrgckm pjrhgmdumekm tjrbkdkp `ksucmyk sjrkmeek( bjwkmpjmejrkt ktku bjwkm hkgm ^raerk` pjmfjekbkm dkm pjmejmdkhgkmbk`k bkrus tjrsjdgk

6;


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LKL GYA^J\KVGAMKH

Vj`uk tgmdkckm ykme dghkcuckm ahjb iksghgtks dgstrglusg bkrus dkpkt`j`kstgckm lkbwk gdjmtgtks alkt dkm!ktku lkbkm alkt tgdkc bghkme dkmdgstrglusgmyk dgtkmekmg sjsukg djmekm spjsgigcksg ykme tjrfkmtu` pkdk

cj`kskm Iksghgtks dgstrglusg bkrus `jmeeumkckm sj`uk pjrkmeckt dkm fkrkykme tjrsjdgk umtuc `j`kstgckm lkbwk su`ljr alkt dkm!ktku lkbkm alktykme dgtjrg`k ljrkskh dkrg gmdustrg ikr`ksg dkm!ktku iksghgtks dgstrglusg hkgmykme `j`pumykg gzgm sjsukg pjrkturkm pjrumdkme-umdkmekm umtuc

`j`gmg`khckm rgsgca alkt dkm!ktku lkbkm alkt pkhsu `j`ksucg rkmtkgdgstrglusg rjs`g

CZKHGIGCKVG J@KVAC4; Iksghgtks dgstrglusg bkrus `j`pjrahjb pksackm alkt dkm!ktku lkbkm

alkt dkrg pj`ksac ykme `j`pumykg gzgm sjsukg djmekm pjrkturkmpjrumdkme-umdkmekm

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djmekm `j`pjrtg`lkmeckm?k' rjputksg ktku tgmeckt cjkmdkhkm sjrtk cjklskbkm apjrksgamkhmykl' alkt dkm!ktku lkbkm alkt tjrtjmtu ykme rkwkm tjrbkdkp pj`khsukmf' pjmkwkrkm alkt dkm!ktku lkbkm alkt dkhk` ou`hkb ljskr ykme

lgkskmyk bkmyk tjrsjdgk dkhk` ou`hkb tjrlktksd' bkrek ykme tgdkc wkokr

CZKHGIGCKVG ^JHKMEEKM47 Iksghgtks dgstrglusg bkrus `j`kstgckm lkbwk alkt dkm!ktku lkbkm alkt

bkmyk dgskhurckm cjpkdk pgbkc ykme ljrbkc ktku ljrwjmkme umtuc

`jmyjrkbckm alkt cj `ksykrkckt Luctg cukhgigcksg pjhkmeekm bkrusdgdacu`jmtksgckm djmekm lkgc

4;>^j`jrgcskkm dkm pj`jrgcskkm uhkme sjfkrk ljrckhk dkpkt `jmfkcuptjtkpg tgdkc tjrlktks pkdk pjr`gmtkkm skhgmkm surkt gzgm pjhkmeekm

4;;Iksghgtks dgstrglusg bkrus `j`kmtku tgkp trkmskcsg ykme dghkcuckm dkm`jhkcuckm pjmyjhgdgckm ogck dgtj`uckm pjmyg`pkmekm pahk trkmskcsgalkt dkm!ktku lkbkm alkt ykme ljrgsgca tjrbkdkp pjmykhkbeumkkm(sjrtk umtuc `j`kstgckm cjwkoglkm pjhkykmkm dgstrglusg alkt dkm!ktkulkbkm alkt cjpkdk `ksykrkckt tjrpjmubg

^JMJ\G@KKM4;


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^JMWG@^KMKM4;2^jmyg`pkmkm dkm pjmkmekmkm alkt dkm!ktku lkbkm alkt bkrus

`j`ktubg pjrkturkm pjrumdkme-umdkmekm

4;7Camdgsg pjmyg`pkmkm umtuc alkt dkm!ktku lkbkm alkt bkrus sjsukgdjmekm rjca`jmdksg dkrg gmdustrg ikr`ksg ktku mam-ikr`ksg ykme

`j`praducsg lkbkm alkt stkmdkr `utu ikr`ksg

4Yahu`j pj`jskmkm alkt dkm!ktku lkbkm alkt bkrus `j`pjrbgtumeckm

ckpksgtks skrkmk pjmyg`pkmkm

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^J@GVKBKM ALKT DKM!KTKZ LKBKM ALKT4Bkrus tjrsjdgk tj`pkt cbusus djmekm hkljh ykme ojhks( k`km dkmtjrcumfg umtuc pjmyg`pkmkm alkt dkm!ktku lkbkm alkt ykme dgtahkc(

cjdkhuwkrsk( pjmkrgckm cj`lkhg( praduc cj`lkhgkm dkm alkt dgduekpkhsu

46;Alkt dkm!ktku lkbkm alkt ykme dgtahkc dkm dgcj`lkhgckm cj iksghgtksdgstrglusg bkrus dgljrg hkljh ykme ojhks dkm dgtkmekmg sjsukg djmekmprasjdur tjrtuhgs

^J@ZVMKBKM ALKT DKM!KTKZ LKBKM ALKT46


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dkm!ktku lkbkm alkt sjhk`k trkmspartksg Camtkgmjr alkt dkm!ktkulkbkm alkt ykme kckm dgcgrg`ckm bkrus dgsjejh

^JMEG\G@KM462^jmegrg`km alkt dkm!ktku lkbkm alkt bkrus dgtuouckm cjpkdk

pjhkmeekm ykme `j`pumykg gzgm sjsukg djmekm pjrkturkm pjrumdkme-

umdkmekm

467Zmtuc pjmykhurkm alkt dkm!ktku lkbkm alkt cj arkme ! pgbkc ykmeljrwjmkme ktku ljrbkc umtuc cjpjrhukm cbusus( sjpjrtg pjmjhgtgkm(

spjfgkh kffjssdkm uog chgmgc( bkrus dghjmeckpg djmekm dacu`jm ykme`jmfkcup tkmeekh( mk`k alkt dkm!ktku lkbkm alkt( ljmtuc sjdgkkm(maàr ljts( ou`hkb( mk`k dkm khk`kt pj`ksac( mk`k dkm khk`kt

pj`jskm ! pjmjrg`k ^rasjs pjmegrg`km dkm camdgsg pjmyg`pkmkmbkrus sjsukg djmekm pjrsykrktkm alkt dkm!ktku lkbkm alkt dkrggmdustrg ikr`ksg Dacu`jmtksg bkrus dgsg`pkm dkm `k`pu tjrtjhusur

44>^rasjdur tjrtuhgs umtuc pjmegrg`km alkt dkm!ktku lkbkm alkt bkrus

tjrsjdgk ^rasjdur tjrsjlut bkrus `j`pjrtg`lkmeckm sgikt alktdkm!ktku lkbkm alkt sjrtk tgmdkckm pjmfjekbkm cbusus

44;Dacu`jm umtuc pjmegrg`km alkt dkm!ktku lkbkm alkt bkrusdgsgkpckm dkm bkrus `jmfkcup sjcurkme-curkmemyk gmiar`ksg ljrgcut? Tkmeekh pjmegrg`km3 Mk`k hjmeckp( khk`kt "tkmpk kcramg`'( maàr tjhjpam dkm stktus

dkrg pjmjrg`k "`gskhmyk Kpatjc( ru`kb skcgt ktku chgmgc'3

Djscrgpsg alkt dkm!ktku lkbkm alkt( `gskhmyk mk`k( ljmtucsjdgkkm dkm cjcuktkm "ogck pjrhu'3

maàr ljts dkm tkmeekh cjdkhuwkrsk Cukmtgtks alkt dkm!ktku lkbkm alkt( ykgtu ou`hkb camtkgmjr dkm

cukmtgtks pjr camtkgmjr "ogck pjrhu'3

Maàr dacu`jm umtuc gdjmtgigcksg ardjr pjmegrg`km Trkmspartksg ykme dgeumkckm `jmfkcup mk`k dkm khk`kt

pjruskbkkm jcspjdgsg sjrtk tkmdk tkmekm dkm mk`k ojhks pjrsamgh

jcspjdgsg ykme `jmjrg`k "ogck `jmeeumkckm oksk jcspjdgsg' dkmcamdgsg pjmyg`pkmkm3

JCVÂ\ DKM G@Â\44


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449Ogck dgpjrhuckm( pjrsamgh ykme tjrhglkt dkhk` g`partksg bkrus`j`pumykg cj`k`pukm `jhkhug pjhktgbkm ktku pjmejtkbukm cbususcjikr`ksgkm dkm bkrus dkpkt dgbulumeg


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LKL YGMV^JCVG DG\G

Gmspjcsg dgrg bkrus dghkcuckm dkhk` rkmeck `j`kmtku pjhkcskmkkm dkmcjpktubkm tjrbkdkp pj`jmubkm FDAL dkm umtuc lkbkm tgmdkc hkmouthkmeckb-hkmeckb pjrlkgckm ykme dgpjrhuckm

:; ^raerk` gmspjcsg dgrg bkrus dghkcskmkckm dkhk` okmeck wkctu ykmedgtjtkpckm dkm `jmfkcup sj`uk kspjc FDAL sjrtk cjpktubkmtjrbkdkp pjrkturkm pjrumdkme-umdkmekm( pjda`km dkm prasjdur

tjrtuhgs Gmspjcsg dgrg tgdkc bkmyk dghkcuckm pkdk lkegkm tjrtjmtu skok

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-Alkt dkm!ktku lkbkm alkt cj`lkhgkm bkrus dgsg`pkm tjrpgskb dkrgalkt dkm!ktku lkbkm alkt ykme `j`jmubg sykrkt oukh dkm dkhk` krjktjrcumfg sjrtk dgljrg hkljh ykme ojhks sk`pkg kdk cjputuskm tgmdkchkmout

9;;^jmghkgkm ykme dgpjrhuckm dkm cjputuskm `jmejmkg stktus alktdkm!ktku lkbkm alkt tjrsjlut bkrus dghkcuckm ahjb pjrsamgh ykmeljrwjmkme

9;


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- Alkt dkm!ktku lkbkm alkt bkrus dgsg`pkm dkm dgkmecut dkhk`

camtkgmjr pjmegrg`km ykme tgdkc `j`pjmekrubg `utu( dkpkt `j`ljrgpjrhgmdumekm `j`kdkg tjrbkdkp pjmekrub jcstjrmkh( tjr`ksuccamtk`gmksg

54; Lkbkm pjmej`ks dkm camtkgmjr pjmegrg`km bkrus dgdjskgm sjdj`gcgkmrupk umtuc `jmfjekb cjruskckm alkt dkm!ktku lkbkm alkt sjhk`ktrkmspartksg

54


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-6>-

5:>Trkmspartksg dkm pjmyg`pkmkm alkt dkm!ktku lkbkm alkt ykme`jmekmdume zkt ljrlkbkyk `gskhmyk ljrkfum( lkbkm rkdgakctgi( dkmlkbkm ljrlkbkyk hkgmmyk ykme dkpkt `jmg`luhckm rgsgca cbususdkhk` bkh pjmykhkbeumkkm( cjlkckrkm ktku hjdkckm "`gskhmyk fkgrkm`udkb tjrlkckr ! `jmykhk( pkdktkm dkm eks ljrtjckmkm' bkrusdgsg`pkm dkhk` krjk tjrpgskb dkm k`km( dkm dgkmecut dkhk`

camtkgmjr dkm cjmdkrkkm ykme k`km( djmekm djskgm ykme sjsukg Dgsk`pgme gtu( bkrus `j`jmubg pjrsykrktkm sjsukg djmekm pjrkturkmpjrumdkme-umdkmekm dg tgmeckt mksgamkh dkm cjsjpkcktkmgmtjrmksgamkh

CJMDK\KKM DKM ^J\KHKTKM5:; Cjmdkrkkm dkm pjrkhktkm ykme dgeumkckm umtuc `jmegrg`ckm(

`jmyg`pkm dkm `jmkmekmg alkt dkm!ktku lkbkm alkt bkrus sjsukgpjrsykrktkm dkm hjmeckp umtuc `jmfjekb tjrokdgmyk pkpkrkm alktdkm!ktku lkbkm alkt pkdk camdgsg ykme dkpkt `j`pjmekrubgstklghgtks dkm gmtjergtks cj`kskm( sjrtk umtuc `jmfjekb camtk`gmksg

5:


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sjfkrk tjrktur

59> Cjmdkrkkm( camtkgmjr dkm pjrkhktkm bkrus dgokek ljlks dkrg tgcus(cutu( lurume dkm bk`k hkgmmyk Bkrus kdk praerk` tjrtuhgs dkmdacu`jmtksg umtuc pjmejmdkhgkm bk`k tjrsjlut Lkbkm pj`ljrsgbkmdkm iu`geksg ykme dgeumkckm tgdkc lahjb `j`pjmekrubg `utu alkt

dkm!ktku lkbkm alkt

59; ^jrkhktkm ykme dgpghgb dkm dgeumkckm umtuc `j`ljrsgbckm cjmdkrkkmtgdkc lahjb `jmokdg su`ljr camtk`gmksg

59


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-6Ogck `jmeeumkckm faah-pkfcdkhk` catkc tjrhgmdume "gmsuhktjd laxjs'(faah-pkfc bkrus dghjtkcckm sjdj`gcgkm rupk sjbgmeek tgdkcljrsjmtubkm hkmesume djmekm alkt dkm!ktku lkbkm alkt ^jrsamghbkrus dghktgb tjmtkme prasjdur pjmej`kskm dkm pjmeeumkkm uhkme

faah-pkfc

55; Bkrus tjrsjdgk sgstj` umtuc `jmeamtrah pjmeeumkkm uhkme faah-pkfcumtuc `j`kstgckm tgdkc tjrokdg cjskhkbkm dkhk` pjmeeumkkm pkcjtfaah-pkfc Bkrus kdk pj`ljdk sjfkrk igsgc ykme `j`kdkg kmtkrk ljcu"irazjm' dkm fbghhjd gfj pkfc-

55


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-66-

LKL YGGGIKVGHGTKV DGVT\GLZVG LJ\DKVK\ CAMT\KC

Fkcupkm cjegktkm camtrkc tjrutk`k ykme tjrckgt djmekm cjk`kmkm( cbksgktdkm `utu alkt dkm!ktku lkbkm alkt?

Camtrkc kmtkr iksghgtks dgstrglusg Camtrkc kmtkrk iksghgtks dgstrglusg djmekm pgbkc pjmyjdgk oksk kmtkrk hkgm

trkmspartksg( pjmejmdkhgkm bk`k( pjreudkmekm( cjljrsgbkm dkmsjlkekgmyk

Vj`uk cjegktkm camtrkc bkrus tjrtuhgs kmtkrk pj`ljrg camtrkc dkmpjmjrg`k camtrkc sjrtk sjtgkp cjegktkm bkrus sjsukg djmekm pjrsykrktkm

FDAL

^J@LJ\G CAMT\KC2; ^j`ljrg camtrkc ljrtkmeeume okwkl umtuc cjegktkm ykme

dgcamtrkcckm

2


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pjmegrg`km dkm dkhk` camdgsg tgdkc tjrduek "iarfj `koar'l' Cjwkoglkm pjmjrg`k camtrkc umtuc `jmej`lkhgckm alkt dkm!ktku

lkbkm alkt cjpkdk pj`ljrg camtrkc ogck tjrokdg cjruskckm sjhk`kpjmegrg`km djmekm `jmyjrtkckm ljrgtk kfkrk cjruskckm

f' Cjbghkmekm sjhk`k pjmegrg`km ahjb pjmjrg`k camtrkc( pjmjrg`kcamtrkc wkogl `jhkparckm cjpkdk pgbkc cjpahgsgkm dkm pj`ljrgcamtrkc

d' ^j`ljrg camtrkc ljrbkc `jhkcuckm kudgt tjrbkdkp pjmjrg`kcamtrkc sjtgkp skkt

2;>Dacu`jm camtrkc bkrus dkpkt dgtumoucckm cjpkdk pjtueks ykmeljrwjmkme pkdk skkt pj`jrgcskkm


40/60

-6:-

LKL GRDACZ@JMTKVG

Dacu`jmtksg ykme lkgc `jrupkckm lkegkm pjmtgme dkrg sgstj` `kmkoj`jmùtu Dacu`jmtksg tjrtuhgs bkrus ojhks umtuc `jmfjekb cjskhkbkm dkrgcaùmgcksg hgskm dkm umtuc `jùdkbckm pjmjhusurkm( kmtkrk hkgm sjokrkb

ljts( gmstrucsg( prasjdur Dacu`jmtksg `jrupkckm dacu`jm tjrtuhgs tjrckgtdjmekm dgstrglusg "pjmekdkkm( pjmyg`pkmkm( pjmykhurkm dkm pjhkparkm'(prasjdur tjrtuhgs dkm dacu`jm hkgm ykme tjrckgt djmekm pj`kstgkm ùtu

7; Dacu`jmtksg tjrdgrg dkrg sjùk prasjdur tjrtuhgs( pjtumouc( camtrkc(fktktkm dkm dktk( dkhk` ljmtuc cjrtks `kupum jhjctramgc7Dacu`jmtksg pjr`kmjm( tjrtuhgs ktku jhjctramgc( umtuc sjtgkp alktdkm!ktku lkbkm alkt ykme dgsg`pkm bkrus `jmumoucckm camdgsgpjmyg`pkmkm ykme dgrjca`jmdksgckm( tgmdkckm pjmfjekbkm dkmtkmeekh uog uhkme cbusus umtuc lkbkm alkt "ogck kdk' bkrusdgpjrbktgckm ^jrsykrktkm ikr`kcapj dkm pjrkturkm mksgamkh tjrcgmgtjmtkme hkljh dkm wkdkb bkrus dgpktubg


41/60

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7;;Dacu`jmtksg dgstrglusg bkrus `jmfkcup gmiar`ksg ljrgcut? tkmeekh(mk`k alkt dkm!ktku lkbkm alkt3 ma`ar ljts3 tkmeekh cjdkhuwkrsk3ou`hkb ykme dgtjrg`k ! dgskhurckm3 mk`k dkm khk`kt pj`ksac !pjhkmeekm

7;


42/60

-65-

KMJCV GLKBKM ALKT

^JMEJ@KVKM ZHKME DKM ^JHKLJHKM ZHKME; ^jhkcskmkkm pjmeeklumekm lkbkm alkt dkhk` ljts ykme sk`k(

pjmej`kskm uhkme dkm!ktku pjhkljhkm uhkme kdkhkb prasjs pj`luktkm

lkbkm alkt sjbgmeek pjhkcskmkkmmyk bkrus sjsukg djmekm F^AL


43/60

-62-

7 ^rasjdur tjrtuhgs bkrus tjrsjdgk umtuc `j`kstgckm gdjmtgtks dkm `utulkbkm alkt djmekm fkrk ykme tjpkt( sjljhu` dkm sjsudkb pjmej`kskmuhkme

;> ^rasjdur pjhuhuskm ljts bkrus tjrsjdgk sjsukg djmekm F^AL;; @jtadj kmkhgsgs ykme dgeumkckm bkrus `jmekfu cjpkdk ikr`kcapj

rjs`g ktku `jtadj kmkhgsgs ykme tjhkb dgvkhgdksg

;


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dgsk`pkgckm cj gmdustrg ikr`ksg umtuc sjtgkp pjmegrg`km

Gmdustrg ikr`ksg lkbkm alkt kskh dkm jcspartgr lkbkm alkt bkrus`k`pu tjrtjhusur dkm gmiar`ksgmyk tjrsjdgk umtuc gmstkmsg ljrwjmkmedkm gmdustrg ikr`ksg pjmeeumk


45/60

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KMJCV GG^\ADZC \KMTKG DGMEGM "FAHD FBKGM ^\ADZFT!FF^'

^JMDKBZHZKMZmtuc ^raduc \kmtkg Dgmegm( tjrdkpkt pjrsykrktkm cbusus ykme bkrusdgpjmubg sjlkekg stkmdkr sjhkgm ykme dgpjrsykrktckm dkhk` FDAL( kmtkrk

hkgm `jhgputg kturkm ykme ljrckgtkm djmekm `kskhkb subu pkdk skktpjmjrg`kkm( pjmyg`pkmkm dkm pjmegrg`km

^J\VAMGH DKM ^JHKTGBKM

; ^jhktgbkm dghkcuckm sjfkrk sgstj`ktgc dkm ljrckhk lkeg sjhurub pjrsamghykme tjrhglkt dkhk` pjmkmekmkm praduc rkmtkg dgmegm( `jmfkcup bkh-bkh sjlkekg ljrgcut?

pjrkturkm pjrumdkme-umdkmekm FDAL prasjdur tjrtuhgs `amgtargme subu dkm dacu`jmtksgmyk rjspam tjrbkdkp cjdkrurktkm dkm `kskhkb cjsjhk`ktkm


46/60

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7 Krjk ckrkmtgmk bkrus dgsjdgkckm umtuc pj`gskbkm praduc cj`lkhgkm(ruskc dkm pjmkrgckm cj`lkhg `jmumeeu tgmdkc hkmout

;> Lkmeumkm ykme dgeumkckm umtuc `jmyg`pkm praduc rkmtkg dgmegmbkrus dgpkstgckm `j`ghgcg cjk`kmkm ykme `j`kdkg umtuc `jmfjekbkcsjs pgbkc ykme tgdkc ljrwjmkme

;; Bkrus tjrsjdgk khkt pj`kdk` cjlkckrkm dkm bjmdkcmyk dghjmeckpgdjmekm khkt djtjcsg cjlkckrkm pkdk sjhurub krjk pjmyg`pkmkm praducrkmtkg dgmegm dkm khkt tjrsjlut dgpjhgbkrk sjfkrk ljrckhk sjsukg

rjca`jmdksg dkrg pj`lukt

Iksghgtks;


47/60

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48/60

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^jmyg`pkmkm vkcsgm dkhk` fbghhjr dkm irjjzjr tgdkc tjrhkhu pkdktsjbgmeek sgrcuhksg udkrk dkpkt dgokek( okrkc kmtkrk catkc vkcsgm sjcgtkr;-< f`


49/60

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50/60

-4:-

Lgkrckm pasgsg tjrsjlut sk`pkg lumek js `jmfkgr sjùkmyk^jmfkgrkm dkpkt dgpjrfjpkt djmekm `jmygrk`ckm kgr bkmekt cjdkhk` irjjzjr Okmekm `jmeeumkckm pgsku ktku ljmdk tkok`hkgmmyk umtuc `jmfamecjh lumek js

Vjtjhkb fkgr cjùdgkm ljrsgbckm j`lum ! kgr ykme `jmj`pjh pkdkdgmdgme lkegkm dkhkìrjjzjr

Okhkmckm cj`lkhg irjjzjr bgmeek subumyk cj`lkhg stklgh sjljhu`vkcsgm dgpgmdkbckm

CZKHGIGCKVG( CKHGL\KVG DKM YKHGDKVG

66 Fbghhjr!fahd raa`!irjjzjr dgcukhgigcksg pkdk kwkh pjmeeumkkm ktkudkhk` bkh tjrokdg pjrulkbkm camdgsg sjsukg djmekm spjsgigcksgmyk64 Tjrà`jtjr dgckhglrksg sjcurkme-curkmemyk sktu ckhg dkhk` sktu tkbum

tjrbkdkp stkmdkrd ykme tjrsjrtgigcksg

6: Ykhgdksg prasjs pjmegrg`km pjrhu dghkcuckm umtuc `j`kstgckm subupjmegrg`km tgdkc `jmyg`pkme dkrg ykme dgpjrsykrktckm

69 Vjùk cjegktkm tjrsjlut bkrus tjrdacu`jmtksg


51/60

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KMJCV GGGMK\CATGCK DKM ^VGCAT\A^GCK

^rgmsgpFkrk dgstrglusg mkrcatgck dkm psgcatrapgck bkrus dghkcuckm dkhk` rkmeckpj`jmubkm FDAL tjr`ksuc umtuc `jmfjekb tjrokdgmyk pjmyg`pkmekm

dkm!ktku cjbghkmekm mkrcatgck dkm psgcatrapgck dkrg okhur dgstrglusg rjs`g

Z`u`Dgstrglusg mkrcatgck dkm psgcatrapgck wkogl `j`jmubg cjtjmtukm pjrkturkm

pjrumdkme-umdkmekm dkm FDAL

^J\VAMKHGK^jmkmeeume Okwkl; ^jmkmeeume okwkl `jrupkckm sjarkme kpatjcjr sjsukg djmekm

pjrkturkm pjrumdkme umdkmekm

LKMEZMKM DKM ^J\KHKTKMIksghgtks dgstrglusg bkrus `j`kstgckm pjmykhurkm psgcatrapgck cjiksghgtks dgstrglusg hkgm( gmstkhksg sjdgkkm ikr`ksg( kpatjc dkm ru`kb skcgt


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ykme `j`ghgcg cjwjmkmekm `jmyjrkbckm psgcatrapgck sjsukg djmekmpjrkturkm pjrumdkme-umdkmekm

^jmekdkkm;; jrjmfkmkkm cjlutubkm tkbumkm bkrus dglukt dkhk` pjmekdkkm

mkrcatgck ktku psgcatrapgck

;


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;5Ogck tjrdkpkt cjtgdkcsjsukgkm maàr ljts( tkmeekh cjdkhuwkrsk dkmou`hkb kmtkrk igsgc djmekm dacu`jm pjmekdkkm bkrus dgluktdacu`jmtksg umtuc `jmechkrgigcksg cjtgdkc sjsukgkm dg`kcsud cj pgbkcpj`ksac

^jmyg`pkmkm;2 jmyg`pkmkm mkrcatgck wkogl `j`jmubg cjtjmtukm pjrkturkm

pjrumdkme-umdkmekm

;7 sgcatrapgck bkrus dgsg`pkm dkhk` hj`krg ktku eudkme tjrcumfg sjrtktgdkc lahjb dgeumkckm `jmyg`pkm lkrkme sjhkgm psgcatrapgck umtuc`jmok`gm cjk`kmkm

^jùsmkbkm jùsmkbkm dghkcuckm ahjb pjmkmeeume okwkl iksghgtks dgstrglusg dkm

dgskcsgckm ahjb pjtueks Lkdkm Â@( sjrtk dglukt ljrgtk kfkrkpjùsmkbkm ykme dgtkmdktkmekmg ahjb pjmkmeeume okwkl iksghgtksdgstrglusg dkm skcsg


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tkmdk tkmekm dkm mk`k ojhks pjmkmeeume okwkl ma`ar Vurkt Gzgm Cjrok "VGC' pjmkmeeume okwkl stj`pjh iksghgtks dgstrglusg ktku skrkmk pjhkykmkm cjikr`ksgkm

l' ^jmkmeeume okwkl iksghgtks dgstrglusg bkrus `j`pjrbktgckm cjwkokrkmou`hkb dkm irjcujmsg pjskmkm

f' ^jskmkm ykme dgtahkc ktku ykme tgdkc dkpkt dghkykmg bkrus sjejrkdgljrgtkbuckm cjpkdk pj`jskm djmekm `jmjrlgtckm Vurkt ^jmahkckm^jskmkm pkhgme hk`k 5 "tuoub' bkrg cjrok

d' Vurkt pjskmkm mkrcatgck ktku psgcatrapgck ykme dkpkt dghkykmg(dgskbckm ahjb pjmkmeeume okwkl iksghgtks dgstrglusg djmekm

`j`lulubckm tkmdk tkmekm ktku pkrki ktku sgstj` hkgm ykme dkpktdgpjrtkmeeumeokwklckm


55/60

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tj`luskm Lkhkg Ljskr!Lkhkg Â@ sjtj`pkti' Vjtgkp cjbghkmekm mkrcatgck ktku psgcatrapgck sjhk`k pjmegrg`km

wkogl dgfktkt dkhk` ljmtuc ljrgtk kfkrk dkm dghkparckm sjejrk cjpkdkpjmkmeeume okwkl iksghgtks dgstrglusg Vjhkmoutmyk bkh tjrsjlut sjejrkdghkparckm cjpkdk Lkdkm Â@ \G djmekm tj`luskm Lkhkg Ljskr !Lkhkg Â@ sjtj`pkt dghjmeckpg djmekm luctg hkpar cjpahgsgkm

Jcspar dkm G`par


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69Vurkt pjskmkm ykme tgdkc dkpkt dghkykmg tjtkp dgkrsgpckm djmekm dgljrgtkmdk pj`lktkhkm ykme ojhks

65Dacu`jm ljrgtk kfkrk pj`usmkbkm( ljrgtk kfkrk cjruskckm( ljrgtk kfkrkcjbghkmekm dkm ljrgtk kfkrk bksgh gmvjstgeksg sjhgsgb stac( wkogldgdacu`jmtksgckm( dgpgskbckm dkrg dacu`jm alkt dkm!ktku lkbkm alkt

hkgm dkm dgsusum ljrdkskrckm urutkm tkmeekh ljrgtk kfkrk

62Krsgp ckrtu stac `kmukh wkogl dgsg`pkm sjfkrk tjrpgskb dkrg ckrtu stacpraduc hkgm dkm dgsusum ljrdkskrckm tkmeekh sjbgmeek `udkb

dgtk`pghckm dkm dkpkt dgtjhusurg pkdk skkt dgpjrhuckm

67Iksghgtks dgstrglusg wkogl `jmyk`pkgckm hkparkm luhkmkm pjmykhurkmmkrcatgck dkm ktku psgcatrapgck sjsukg djmekm cjtjmtukm pjrkturkmpjrumdkme-umdkmekm

4>Iksghgtks dgstrglusg ykme `jhkcuckm g`partksg mkrcatgck dkm!ktkupsgcatrapgck wkogl `jmyk`pkgckm hkparkm rjkhgsksg g`par sjsukg djmekmpjrkturkm pjrumdkme-umdkmekm

4;Iksghgtks dgstrglusg ykme `jhkcuckm jcspartksg mkrcatgck dkm!ktkupsgcatrapgck wkogl `jmyk`pkgckm hkparkm rjkhgsksg jcspar sjsukg djmekmpjrkturkm pjrumdkme-umdkmekm


57/60

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58/60

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Gzgm JdkrDacu`jm ykme dgskbckm bucu` mjekrk ykme dgtjrlgtckm ahjb atargtkpjmekwkskm alkt dkm ljrgsgckm ca`pasgsg dkm iarùhksg rgmfg dkrg suktupraduc sjrtk spjsgigcksg ikr`kcapj ktku spjsgigcksg hkgm ykme dgcjmkh uù`dkrg lkbkm-lkbkm ykme dgeumkckm dkhk` praduc kcbgr( tjr`ksuc ouekrgmfgkm dkrg lkbkm pjmej`ks dkm pjmkmdkkm sjrtk `ksk jdkr dkrg praduc

tjrsjlut

Ok`gmkm @utuVjhurub cjegktkm tjrjmfkmk dkm sgstj`ktgs ykme dghkcuckm dkhk` sgstj`

ùtu dkm dghkcuckm sjsukg cjlutubkm umtuc `jykcgmckm lkbwk suktulkrkme kckm `j`jmubg pjrsykrktkm ùtu ykme dgtjtkpckm

CkrkmtgmkVtktus lkbkm ktku praduc ykme dgpgskbckm sjfkrk igsgc ktku djmekm sgstj`tjrtjmtu( sj`jmtkrk `jmumeeu cjputuskm kpkckb lkbkm ktku praductjrsjlut dgtahkc ktku dgsjtuoug pjmeeumkkmmyk umtuc pjmeahkbkm(pjmej`kskm ktku dgstrglusg

Cj`kskm ^rg`jr ! UkdkbCj`kskm ykme ljrsjmtubkm hkmesume djmekm alkt dkm!ktku lkbkm alkt

Cj`kskm VjcumdjrCj`kskm ykme ljrgsg wkdkb ktku cj`kskm prg`jr"UBA'

Cj`kskm Tjrsgjr ! CamtkgmjrCj`kskm hukr ykme ljrgsg cj`kskm prg`jr dkm!ktku sjcumdjr( dgeumkckmpkdk skkt pjmegrg`km

CjmdkrkkmTruc( lus( `gmglus( àlgh( pjskwkt( ckpkh( dkm khkt pjmekmecutkm hkgm ykmedgeumkckm umtuc `j`lkwk alkt dkm!ktku lkbkm alkt

Camtk`gmksg^jmfj`krkm alkt dkm!ktku lkbkm alkt djmekm zkt pjmeatar cg`gk ktku`gcralgahaeg ktku ljmdk ksgme ykme tgdkc dggmegmckm( cj dkhk` ktku pkdklkbkm alkt( lkbkm kmtkrk ktku alkt sjhk`k pjmkmekmkm( praducsg(pjmek`lghkm sk`pjh( pjmej`kskm ktku pjmej`kskm uhkme( pjmyg`pkmkmktku pjmegrg`km

Camtk`gmksg Vghkme^jmfj`krkm alkt dkm!ktku lkbkm alkt djmekm lkbkm ktku praduc hkgm

Camtrkc^jrokmogkm cjroksk`k kmtkrk duk pgbkc ktku hjlgb dkhk` pjhkcskmkkm

cjegktkm dgstrglusg alkt dkm!ktku lkbkm alkt( ljrcjmkkm djmekm wkctu(bkrek dkm camdgsg tjrtjmtu

@ksk JdkrOkmeck wkctu suktu praduc ikr`ksg( ogck dgsg`pkm djmekm ljmkr(


59/60

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dgpjrcgrkckm `j`jmubg spjsgigcksg ykme dgtjmtuckm ljrdkskrckm studgstklghgtks pkdk sjou`hkb lktfb praduc @ksk jdkr dgeumkckm umtuc`jmjtkpckm tkmeekh cjdkhuwkrsk sjtgkp lktfb

MkrcatgckLkbkm ktku alkt ykme ljrkskh dkrg tkmk`km ktku luckm tkmk`km( lkgc

sgmtjtgs `kupum sj`g-sgmtjtgs( ykme dkpkt `jmyjlklckm pjmurumkm ktkupjrulkbkm cjskdkrkm( bghkmemyk rksk( `jmeurkmeg sk`pkg `jmebghkmeckmrksk myjrg( dkm dkpkt `jmg`luhckm cjtjrekmtumekm( ykme dgljdkckm cjdkhk` eahamekm-eahamekm sjlkekg`kmk tjrhk`pgr dkhk` Zmdkme-Zmdkme

tjmtkme Mkrcatgck

Maàr Ljts^jmkmdkkm ykme tjrdgrg dkrg kmeck ktku burui ktku eklumekm cjdukmyk(ykme `jrupkckm tkmdk pjmejmkh suktu ljts( ykme `jùmecgmckmpjmjhusurkm cj`lkhg rgwkykt hjmeckp pj`luktkm ljts tjrsjlut( tjr`ksucsjhurub tkbkp praducsg( pjmekwkskm( dkm dgstrglusg

AlktLkbkm ktku pkdukm lkbkm( tjr`ksuc praduc lgahaeg ykme dgeumkckm umtuc`j`pjmekrubg ktku `jmyjhgdgcg sgstj` igsgahaeg ktku cjkdkkm pktahaeg dkhk`

rkmeck pjmjtkpkm dgkemasgs( pjmfjekbkm( pjmyj`lubkm( pjùhgbkm(pjmgmecktkm cjsjbktkm dkm camtrksjpsg umtuc `kmusgk

Alkt ^khsuAlkt ykme dgpraducsg ahjb ykme tgdkc ljrbkc ljrdkskrckm pjrkturkmpjrumdkme-umdkmekm ykme ljrhkcu ktku praducsg alkt djmekm pjmkmdkkmykme `jmgru gdjmtgtks alkt hkgm ykme tjhkb `j`ghgcg gzgm jdkr

^j`ksac^gbkc ktku lkdkm ykme ljruruskm dkhk` pjmyjdgkkm alkt dkm!ktku lkbkmalkt ^krk pj`ksac ùmecgm kdkhkb kejm( pjrkmtkrk( iksghgtks dgstrglusg(

gmdustrg ktku pjdkekme Kpklghk `jùmecgmckm( pkrk pj`ksac bkrus`j`pumykg gzgm dkrg gmstkmsg ykme ljrwjmkme

^j`luktkmVjhurub cjegktkm ykme `jmfkcup pjmekdkkm( praducsg( pjmej`kskm(pjmkmdkkm( pjmekwkskm ùtu( pjmejhukrkm( pjmyg`pkmkm( dgstrglusg alktdkm!ktku lkbkm alkt dkm pjmekwkskm ykme ljrckgtkm

^jmkmdkkmGmiar`ksg ykme dgfkmtu`ckm pkdk hkljh cj`kskm

^jmkrgckm Cj`lkhg^rasjs pjmkrgckm alkt dkrg rkmtkg dgstrglusg ckrjmk praduc fkfkt( kdkmyk

pjmekdukm tjrbkdkp jijc sk`pgme alkt ykme sjrgus dkm!ktku ljrcjmkkmdjmekm praduc pkhsu ktku dgduek pkhsu ^jmkrgckm cj`lkhg alkt dkpktdgprkckrskg ahjb gmdustrg ikr`ksg( g`partgr( iksghgtks dgstrglusg!pjmykhur ktkuatargtks pjmekwks


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^jmyg`pkmkm^jmyg`pkmkm alkt dkm!ktku lkbkm alkt sk`pkg pkdk skkt dgeumkckm

^rasjdur Apjrksg Vtkmdkr^rasjdur tjrtuhgs ykme ljrgsg gmstrucsg umtuc `jhkcuckm cjegktkm( tgdkcpjrhu spjsgigc tjrbkdkp praduc tjrtjmtu tjtkpg hjlgb ljrsgikt uù`

^sgcatrapgckLkbkm ktku alkt( lkgc khk`gkb `kupum sgmtjtgs luckm Mkrcatgck( ykmeljrcbksgkt psgcakctgi `jhkhug pjmekrub sjhjctgi pkdk susumkm skrki puskt

ykme `jmyjlklckm pjrulkbkm cbks pkdk kctgvgtks `jmtkh dkm pjrghkcu

\u`kb VkcgtGmstgtusg pjhkykmkm cjsjbktkm ykme `jmyjhjmeekrkckm pjhkykmkm cjsjbktkmpjrarkmekm sjfkrk pkrgpurmk( ykme `jmyjdgkckm pjhkykmkm rkwkt gmkp(rkwkt okhkm( dkm ekwkt dkrurkt

Vgstj` @utuVuktu gmirkstructur ykme sjsukg( `jhgputg structur arekmgsksg( prasjdur(prasjs dkm su`ljr dkyk( dkm tgmdkckm sgstj`ktgs ykme dgpjrhuckm umtuc`j`kstgckm lkbwk suktu praduc `j`jmubg pjrsykrktkm ùtu djmekm

tgmeckt cjpjrfkykkm ykme `j`kdkg

Tkmeekh CjdkhuwkrskLktks wkctu ykme tjrtjrk pkdk tgkp wkdkb alkt dkm!ktku lkbkm alkt"uù`myk pkdk pjmkmdkkm'( ykme `jmyktkckm lkbwk sk`pkg lktks wkctutjrsjlut alkt dkm!ktku lkbkm alkt dgbkrkpckm `ksgb tjtkp `j`jmubgspjsgigcksgmyk( lghk dgsg`pkm djmekm ljmkr Dgtjtkpckm umtuc tgkp ljtsdjmekm fkrk `jmk`lkbckm `ksk sg`pkm pkdk tkmeekh pj`luktkm

TrkmsgtOkmeck wkctu suktu alkt dkhk` prasjs sjdkme dglkwk( dgsk`pkgckm ktku

dgkmecut `jhgmtksg ktku `jhkhug suktu okhkm ktku rutj umtuc `jmfkpkgtuoukm kcbgrmyk

CJ^KHK LKDKM ^JMEKUKV ALKT DKM @KCKMKM\J^ZLHGC GMDAMJVGK(

TTDHZFCW V VHK@JT

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