metabolisme vitamin dan mineral

7/23/2019 Metabolisme vitamin dan mineral

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/metabolisme-vitamin-dan-mineral 1/23

METABOLISMEVITAMIN DANMINERAL

KELOMPOK

6:ARIS MUNANDAR

HASRAWATIROSMAYANTI

CEMPAKA ARDIANA

IRMAWATI .MSAHARAKRISTINA

NURUL FADILLAH



PENGERTIAN VITAMIN DAN MINERAl

Vitamin (bahasaIn!"s: #"$a% a&"n'

#"$a&"n)

Mineral a*a%ah

s'n+a,a a%a&"+an $'!b'n$-&'%a%-" /!0s's

'0%0"s.

bahasa La$"n #"$a+an a!$"n+a 1h"*-/1*an a&"na (a&"n')

+an &'na2- /a*as-a$- --s 0!an"+an &'&"%"" a$0&

n"$!0'n (N)

M"n'!a% $'!&as-

*a%a& 0&/0s"s"-ns-! &-!n" *ana!a& s'*'!hana

sa&/a" s"%"a$ +ansana$ 0&/%'s*'nan !"b-an

b'n$- +an*"'$ah-



V"$a&"n *a/a$ *"b'*aan a$as 30%0nan +a"$-:

•Vitamin larut di dalam

air

•Asam Nikotinat(Niasin)

•Ribofavin (B2)•Vitacmi (AsamAskorbat)•Tiamin (vitamin B!)

•Asam li"oat

•Vitamin larut dalam lemak

•vitamin A

(Retinol)•Vitamin D•Vitamin K



V"$a&"n "n" &'!-/aan bahan *asa! *a!"0'n4"& n"0$"n"na&"*a a*'n"n *"n-%'0$"*a(NAD5). Ta%ah "$a '$ah-" bah,a 0'n4"& "n"&'!-/aan 0'n4"& *a!" 'n4"& *'h"*!0'nas'*'nan &'n$!ans'! h"*!0'n *a%a& !'as"0s"*as" !'*-s".

•Asam Nikotinat (Niasin)N"as"n /'n$"n -n$- /'!$-&b-han +an n0!&a%

*an 's'ha$an s'/an7an h"*-/ &an-s"a.

S$!-$-! "&"a:



•Tiamin (vitamin B!) T"a&"n $'%ah %a&a *"'na% s'baa" an$"n'-!"$" a!'na *"-naan

-n$- &'&b-a$ n0!&a% '&ba%" s-s-nan s+a!a. S$!-$-! !-&-s"&"a a!a&n+a a*a%ah s'baa" b'!"-$:

D'8n"s" #"$a&"n "n" &'na"ba$an $'!7a*"n+a

/'n+a"$ b'!"9b'!" $'!-h$a&a n'a!a9n'a!a +an&'n-naan &aanan /00 nas". D'8n"s"#"$a&"n B a*a%ah b"7"9b"7"an s'/'!$" b'!asan*-&; s-&b'! %a"nn+a a*a%ah: *a"n -nas$'%-! ha$" '*'%a" a2an sa+-!an *an s-s-.



•Ribofavin (B2)S$!-$-! "&"a #"$a&"n B3 a*a%ah s'baa"&ana $'!%"ha$

/a*a (a). D" sa&/"n 0'n4"& FAD !"b0<a#"n 7-a

&'!-/aan /'&b'n$- <a#"n &0n0n-%'0$"*a (FMN)

Tan*a9$an*a *'8s"'ns" #"$a&"n "n" a*a%ah '"%0s"s($'!7a*" '!a /a*a s-*-$ &-%-$ +an b'!,a!na&'!ah).

S-&b'! #"$a&"n a*a%ah s-s- *a"n $'%-! "an. B"7"9b"7"an s'/'!$" b'bas *an an*-& &'nan*-n

!"b0<a#"n *a%a& 7-&%ah +an '2"%.



En4"& +an &'nan*-n --s %"/0"%9S9S "n" b'!-ns" s'baa" a$a%"s /a*a!'as" /'&"n*ahan=$!ans'! --s as"%*an $!ans'! h"*!0'n.

•Asam li"oatS$!-$-! "&"a asa& %"/0a$ a*a%ah s'baa" b'!"-$:



•vitamin A (Retinol)V"$a&"n A a*a%ah s-a$- a%0h0%. D" *a%a& $-&b-han

#"$a&"n A $'!*a/a$ s'baa" /!0#"$a&"n A +a"$-

s'n+a,a a!0$'n. Pa*a h"*!0%"s"s a!0$'n $'!7a*"#"$a&"n A.

R-&-s a!0$'n a*a%ah s'/'!$" *"ba,ah "n".

C>?

H@6

•Vitamin D

Bila ditinjau strukturnya, dalam vitmin D dikenal beberapa senyawa,yakni D1, D2, D3 dan seterusnya. Dua diantaranya adalah penting

meskipun semua memiliki khasiat sebagai antirakitis.



•Vitamin # V"$a&"n K #"$a&"n "n" $'!*a/a$ /a*a 7a!"nan

$-&b-han h"7a- s'*anan #"$a&"n K3 $'!*a/a$*a%a& b'$'!".

S$!-$-! "&"a #"$a&"n K *an K3 a*a%ah s'/'!$"b'!"-$ "n".



•MAAM$MAAM VITAMIN %&NG'I '&MBER DANA#IBAT #E#&RANGAN VITAMIN

•Vitamin A (Retinol) ber*n+si *a%a&/'&b'n$-an "n*!a /'n%"ha$an +an ba"$'!-$a&a *" &a%a& ha!" *an s'baa" sa%ah sa$-0&/0n'n /'n+-s-n /"&'n &a$a *" !'$"na

'*mber &aanan +an ban+a &'nan*-n#"$a&"n A an$a!a %a"n s-s- "an sa+-!9sa+-!an($'!-$a&a +an b'!,a!na h"7a- *an -n"n) *an 7-a b-ah9b-ahan ($'!-$a&a +an b'!,a!na&'!ah *an -n"n s'/'!$" 2aba" &'!ah ,0!$'%/"san *an /'/a+a) Akibat kekurangan vitamin A,

penderita akan mengalami rabun senja dan katarak.

Vitamin B! (T,iamin) *n+si /'n$"n *a%a&

&'n7aa 's'ha$an -%"$ *an &'&ban$-&'n0n#'!s" a!b0h"*!a$ &'n7a*" 'n'!" +an*"/'!%-an $-b-h -n$- !-$"n"$as s'ha!"9ha!"

'*mber +an &'nan*-n #"$a&"n B +a"$-an*-& nas" *a"n s-s- $'%-! *an $ana&ana2an9a2anan Akibat kek*ran+an #"$a&"nB -%"$ aan &'na%a&" b'!baa" an-an

s'/'!$" -%"$ '!"n *an b'!s"s". T-b-h 7-a *a/a$&'na%a&" b'!"9b'!" an-an sa%-!an

/'n2'!naan 7an$-n *an s"s$'& sa!a.



•Vitamin B2 (Ribofavin) ber*n+si /'n$"n

*a%a& &'$ab0%"s&' *" $-b-h &an-s"a. D" *a%a& $-b-h#"$a&"n B3 b'!/'!an s'baa" sa%ah sa$- 0&/'n'n0'n4"& <a#"n &0n0n-%'0$"*a (<a#"n

&0n0n-2%'0$"*'FMN) *an <a#"n a*'n"n' *"n-%'0$"*a(a*'n"n' *"n-2%'0$"*' FAD) '*mber #"$a&"n B

3

ban+a *"$'&-an /a*a sa+-!9sa+-!an s'a! a2an'*'%a" -n"n $'%-! *an s-s- Akibat kek*ran+an #"$a&"n B

3aan &'n+'baban &'n-!-nn+a *a+a $ahan

$-b-h -%"$ '!"n b'!s"s" &-%-$ '!"n b"b"! /'2ah9/'2ah *an sa!"a,an.

•Vitamin B- (Niacin) ber*n+si /'n$"n *a%a&

&'$ab0%"s&'a!b0h"*!a$ -n$- &'nhas"%an 'n'!"&'$ab0%"s&' %'&a *an /!0$'"n '*mber #"$a&"n B

$'!*a/a$ /a*a &aanan h',an" s'/'!$" !a" ha$"

"n7a% *a"n -nas *an "an. Aan $'$a/" $'!*a/a$b'b'!a/a s-&b'! /anan %a"nn+a +an 7-a&'nan*-n #"$a&"n "n" *a%a& a*a! $"n" an$a!a %a"nan*-& *an 'n$an &an"s Akibat kek*ran+an #"$a&"n B

*a/a$ &'n+'baban $-b-h &'na%a&"

''7anan '!a& 0$0$ an-an s"s$'& /'n2'!naan&-n$ah9&-n$ah *an &-a%.



•Vitamin B. (Asam Pantotenat) ber*n+i b'sa!

*a%a& b'!baa" 7'n"s &'$ab0%"s&' s'/'!$" *a%a& !'as"/'&'2ahan n-$!"s" &aanan $'!-$a&a %'&a '*mber

#"$a&"n B@ *a/a$ *"$'&-an *a%a& b'!baa" 7'n"s #a!"as"&aanan h',an" &-%a" *a!" *a"n s-s- "n7a% *an ha$"h"na &aanan naba$" s'/'!$" sa+-!an h"7a- *an a2anh"7a- Akibat kek*ran+an #"$a&"n B

@ *a/a$

&'n+'baban -%"$ /'2ah9/'2ah *an b'!s"s". S'%a"n "$-an-an %a"n +an aan *"*'!"$a a*a%ah '!a& 0$0$ s'!$a

's-%"$an -n$- $"*-!.•Vitamin B

/ (Pri0oksin) ber*n+si s'baa" sa%ah

sa$- s'n+a,a 0'n4"& A +an *"-naan $-b-h -n$-&'nhas"%an 'n'!" &'%a%-" 7a%-! s"n$'s"s asa& %'&as'/'!$" s/"n0%"/"* *an0s0%"/"* '*mber #"$a&"n B

6 "n"

&'!-/aan sa%ah sa$- 7'n"s #"$a&"n +an &-*ah*"*a/a$an a!'na #"$a&"n "n" ban+a $'!*a/a$ *" *a%a&b'!as 7a-n a2an9a2anan *a"n *an "an Akibat kek*ran+an #"$a&"n B

6 *a%a& 7-&%ah ban+a

*a/a$ &'n+'baban -%"$ /'2ah9/'2ah '!a& 0$0$ *an"ns0&n"a.

1



1 /a*a !'as"9!'as" +an &'n+an-$ /'na&bahan a$a-/'n'%-a!an a!b0n *"0s"*a '/a*a a$a- *a!" s'n+a,aa$". S"n$'s"s *an 0s"*as" asa& %'&a &'&'!%-anb"0$"n s'baa" 0'n4"& '*mber #"$a&"n B

$'!*a/a$

*a%a& ban+a 7'n"s &aanan *an *" *a%a& $-b-h *a/a$*"s"n$'s"s 0%'h ba$'!" sa%-!an 2'!na. S-&b'! +an ba"a*a%ah ha$" -n"n $'%-! s'!'a%"a ha&"! a2an'*'%a" a2an $anah sa+-!an *an b-ah9b-ahan $'!$'n$-(7a&-! /"san 7'!- s'&ana s$!a,b'!") Akibatkek*ran+an #"$a&"n B

*a/a$ &'n"&b-%an /'n+a"$

D'!&a$"$"s H+/'!'s$h's"a *an Pa!'s$h's"aK'!a$00n7-n$"#"$"s An0!'"a An'&"a *an $'!an-n+a-ns" 7an$-n.

•Vitamin B (Asam %olat) ber*n+si /'n$"n*a%a& s"n$'sa s'%9s'% ba!-. Asa& F0%a$ *"b-$-han -n$-/'&b'n$-an s'% *a!ah &'!ah *an s'% *a!ah /-$"h *a%a&

s-&s-& $-%an *an -n$- /'n*',asaann+a

'*mber #"$a&"n B

$'!*a/a$ %-as *a%a& bahan &aanan $'!-$a&a

*a%a& b'n$- /0%"%-$a&a$. Asa& F0%a$ $'!-$a&a $'!*a/a$*"*a%a& sa+-!an h"7a- ha$" *a"n $an/a %'&a s'!'a%"a-$-h b"7"9b"7"an a2an9a2anan *an 7'!- Akibatkek*ran+an #"$a&"n B

*a/a$ &'n+'baban

$'!an-n+a -ns" 0$a /'!$-&b-han $-%an b'%aan



•Vitamin B!2

('ianokobalamin) ber*n+si *a%a&

&'$ab0%"s&' 'n'!" *" *a%a& $-b-h. V"$a&"n B3 7-a$'!&as- *a%a& sa%ah sa$- 7'n"s #"$a&"n +an b'!/'!an *a%a&/'&'%"ha!aan 's'ha$an s'% sa!a /'&b'n$-an &0%'-%DNA *an RNA /'&b'n$-an /%a$'%'$ *a!ah s*mber&aanan +an ba" -n$- &'&'n-h" 'b-$-han #"$a&"n B

3

+a"$- *a"n *a"n $'%-! s-s- ha$" *an !a" (&aanan has"%

'!&'n$as")

Akibat kek*ran+an #"$a&"n B3 "n" aan&'n+'baban an'&"a ('-!anan *a!ah) &-*ah %'%ah %'s-*an "!"$as" -%"$.

•Vitamin (asam askorbat) ber*n+si s'baa"s'n+a,a /'&b'n$- 0%a'n +an &'!-/aan /!0$'"n /'n$"n/'n+-s-n 7a!"nan-%"$ s'n*" $-%an *an 7a!"nan /'n+00n

%a"nn+a '*mber #"$a&"n C $'!*a/a$ /a*a '!- s$!a,b'!!+an-! $0&a$ b!00%" 'n$an Akibat kek*ran+an #"$a&"n C 7-a *a/a$ &'n+'baban -s" b'!*a!ah *an n+'!"/a*a /'!s'n*"an. A-&-%as" #"$a&"n C +an b'!%'b"han *"*a%a& $-b-h *a/a$ &'n+'baban ba$- "n7a% an-ansa%-!an /'n2'!naan *an !-san+a s'% *a!ah &'!ah.



•Vitamin D (#alsierol) ber*n+si &'&ban$-&'$ab0%"s&' a%s"-& *an &"n'!a%"sas" $-%an. '*mber#"$a&"n D 7-a &'!-/aan sa%ah sa$- 7'n"s #"$a&"n +anban+a *"$'&-an /a*a &aanan h',an" an$a!a %a"n "an$'%-! s-s- s'!$a /!0*- 0%ahann+a s'/'!$" '7- Akibat

kek*ran+an #"$a&"n D "" aan &-*ah &'na%a&"'!-saan *an 0$0$ /-n aan &'na%a&" ''7anan.P'n+a"$ %a"nn+a a*a%ah0s$'0&a%as"a +a"$- h"%ann+a -ns-!a%s"-& *an 0s0! s'2a!a b'!%'b"han *" *a%a& $-%an.P'n+a"$ "n" b"asan+a *"$'&-an /a*a !'&a7a s'*anan/a*a &an-%a /'n+a"$ +an *a/a$ *"$"&b-%an a*a%ah0s$'0/0!0s"s +a"$- '!a/-han $-%an a"ba$n+ab'!-!ann+a '/a*a$an $-%an. K'%'b"han #"$a&"n D *a/a$&'n+'baban $-b-h &'na%a&" *"a!' b'!-!ann+a b'!a$ba*an &-n$ah9&-n$ah *an *'h"*!as"b'!%'b"han.

•Vitamin E (Tokoerol) ber*n+si *a%a& &'n7aa's'ha$an b'!baa" 7a!"nan *" *a%a& $-b-h &-%a" *a!" 7a!"nan -%"$ &a$a s'% *a!ah &'!ah h"na ha$"

'*mber #"$a&"n E ban+a *"$'&-an /a*a "an a+a&-n"n $'%-! !a" *an &"n+a $-&b-h9$-&b-han Akibat'-!anan #"$a&"n E *a/a$ &'n+'baban an-an's'ha$an +an a$a% ba" $-b-h an$a!a %a"n '&an*-%an

ba" ba" /!"a &a-/-n ,an"$a. S'%a"n "$- sa!a *an 0$0$aan &'na%a&" an-an +an b'!'/an7anan.



•Vitamin # (#oa+*lasi)V"$a&"n K a$a- 7-a *" s'b-$ K0a-%as"

ban+a ber*n+si *a%a& /'&b'n$-ans"s$'& /'!'*a!an *a!ah +an ba" *an/'n-$-/an %-a.

'*mber #"$a&"n K +a"$- s-s- -n"n$'%-! *an sa+-!an s'a! +an &'!-/aans-&b'! #"$a&"n K +an ba" ba"/'&'n-han 'b-$-han *" *a%a& $-b-h.

Akibat kek*ran+an #"$a&"n K aanb'!a"ba$ /a*a /'n*a!ahan *" *a%a& $-b-h*an 's-%"$an /'&b'-an *a!ah saa$ $'!7a*"%-a a$a- /'n*a!ahan. S'%a"n "$- #"$a&"n K

7-a b'!/'!an s'baa"0a$0! 'n4"& -n$-&'na$a%"s !'as" a!b0s"%as" asa& a&"n0asa& %-$a&a$.



•MAAM$MAAM MINERA3 %&NG'I '&MBER DANA#IBAT #E#&RANGAN MINERA3

•#alsi*m (a) %*n+si Ka%s"-& +a"$- Un$-

/'&b'n$-an $-%an *an "" M'na$-! /'&b'-an *a!ah 's"$ab"%"$as sa!a 0$0$'!'a$an s'%-%'! &'&'%"ha!a *an &'n"na$an -ns"&'&b!an s'% &'na$"an !'as" 'n4"& *an s'!'s" h0!&0n '*mber Ka%s"-& $'!*a/a$ /a*a : S-s- K'7- Ian U*an T'&/' *an Ka2an9a2anan Akibat kek*ran+an Ka%s"-&

: an-an /'!$-&b-han $-%an -!an -a$ &-*ah b'n0*an !a/-h *"s'b-$ 7-a !"2'$s"a a$a- !a2h"$"sT'$an" a$a-'7an 0$0$ &"sa%n+a /a*a a".

•%os"or (P) F-ns" 0s0! (P) : K%as"8as" $-%an *an"" abs0!/s" *an &'nan-$ 4a$ "4" M'na$-!'s'"&banan asa& basa s'!$a /!0s's %a"n *a%a& $-b-h

S-&b'! 0s0! (P) ; T'!*a/a$ /a*a Da"n A+a& Ian T'%-!S-s- *an Ka2an9a2anan A"ba$ '-!anan 0s0! (P) ;M'n+'baban '!-saan /a*a $-%an *'nan '7a%a !asa%'%ah *an -!an nas- &aan. M'n+'baban $'!7a*" n+a /!0s's a%s"8as" (/'n'!asan) /a*a0!an90!an $-b-h +an $"*a s'ha!-sn+a s'/'!$" "n7a%.



•

Ma+nesi*m (M+)

*n+si Man's"-&; S'baa" ba"an%'b"h *a!" ?? 'n4"& +an b'!/'!an *a%a& &'$ab0%"s&'4a$ "4" *" *a%a& $-b-h M'&ban$- /a*a $!ans&"s" s+a!a/'&b'-an *a!ah !'%asas" 0$0$ *an &'n2'ah '!-saan"" '*mber Man's"-&; T'!*a/a$ /a*a Sa+-!an H"7a-Da"n Ka2an9a2anan *an S-s- Akibat

kek*ran+an Man's"-&;T'!7a*" /a*a 0&/%"as" /'n+a"$+an &'n+'baban an-an abs0!/s"•Natri*m (Na) %*n+si Na$!"-& (Na) M'n7aa's'"&banan 2a"!an asa& basa $!ans&"s" s+a!a0n$!as" 0$0$ '*mber Na$!"-& : Ga!a& *a/-! MSG'2a/ &aanan +an *"a,'$an *'nan a!a& *a/-!

Akibat kek*ran+an Na$!"-&: M'n+'baban '7ana/a$"s *an 'h"%anan nas- &aan. Da/a$ $'!7a*" /a*a0n*"s" *"a!' &-n$ah '!"na$ +an b'!%'b"han K'%'b"hanDa/a$ &'n+'baban $'!7a*"n+a '*'&a *an h"/'!$'ns".



•Besi (%e) be*n+si *a%a& P'&b'n$-an h'&0%0b"n*a%a& *a!ah. '*mber B's"(F') ba" $-b-h : S-s- ha$"-n"n $'%-! *an sa+-!9sa+-!an +an b'!,a!na h"7a- Akibat kek*ran+an 4a$ b's" : an'&"a %'s- /-s"n /-2a$

/a*a -%"$.•Temba+a (*) *n+si T'&baa ( C- ) +a"$-

P'&b'n$-an '!"$!0s"$ *an h'&0%0b"n s*mber T'&baa &'!-/aan &"n'!a% +an b'!asa% *a!" Pa*"9/a*"an/0%0n9/0%0nan '!an "n7a% *an ha$". K0&/0n'n 'n4"&*an /!0$'"n A$"#"$as sa!a S"n$'s"s s-bs$ans" s'/'!$"

h0!&0n'

Akibat #ek*ran+an T'&baa ( C- ) a*a%ahAn'&"a Gan-an sa!a *an $-%an.

•#ali*m (#) ber*n+si -n$- M'na$-! *'$a 7an$-nM'&'%"ha!a 's'"&banan a"! T!ans&"s" sa!a M'&'%"ha!a's'"&banan asa& basa Ka$a%"sa$0! K0n$!as" 0$0$M'na$-! s'!'s" "ns-%"n *a!" /an2!'as M'&'%"ha!a

/'!&'ab"%"$as &'&b!an s'%. Ka%"-& &'!-/aan &"n'!a%+an bers*mber *a!" sa+-!an b-ah9b-ahan *an'2a/. A*a/-n akibat kek*ran+an a%"-& *a/a$&'na"ba$an Gan-an 7an$-n K0n$!as" 0$0$$'!an- P'!na/asan $'!an-.



•,romi*m (r) ber*n+si *a%a& &'$ab0%"s&'a!b0h"*!a$ *an %"/"*s&'&-*ahan &as-n+a %-0sa'*a%a& s'% (/'%'/asan 'n'!+) '*mber: b"7" b"7"ans'!'a%"s-$-h&aanan has"% %a-$*a"n. A"ba$ '-!anan

Ch!0&"-& : h"%ann+a !a&b-$ *an "" an-an/'n2'!naan %'s-.

•4inc*m 5 4inc 5 'en+ 5 4n ber*n+si s'baa"/'&'%"ha!a b'b'!a/a 7'n"s 'n4"& h0!&0n *an a$"8$as "n*'!a/'n'2a/ a$a- %"*ah "$a. &'n"na$an s's-a%"$asb'!-ns" *a%a& &'an"s&' /'!na/asan b'!-ns" *a%a&/an2!'as '*mber: '!an $"!a& ha$" a2an a2anans-s- *'*a an*-&. S'n 0%'h $-b-h &an-s"a *"b-$-han-n$- &'&b'n$- 'n4"& *an h0!&0n /'n$"n Akibatkek*ran+an S'n aan &'n+ababan : /'!$-&b-han$'!ha&ba$ /'n+'&b-han %-a %a&ba$ -!an $a7a&$'!ha*a/ ba- *an !asa '!*"% an'&"a.

•#lorin (l) %*n+si : M'&b'n$- asa& %a&b-n(HCL)a$a- asa& %0!"*a /a*a %a&b-n *an &'&'%"ha!a's'"&baan 2a"!an *a%a& $-b-h '*mber : Ga!a& *a/-!'7- *an sa+-!an h"7a-&aanan has"% %a-$$'%-!s-s-*a"n Akibat kek*ran+an K%0!"n : !a&b-$ 2'/a$ &'&-$"h

-!ann+a '$ahanan "" an-an /'n2'!naan %'s-.

/'!$-&b-han $-b-h "$a *an s"s$'& !'/!0*-s" &'n"na$an



/'!$-&b-han $-b-h "$a *an s"s$'& !'/!0*-s". &'n"na$an's'ha$an s'n*" /'!$-&b-han !'/!0*-s" &'$ab0%"s&' Ca/'&anaa$an *an /'n+"&/anan #"$a&"n B *an a$"8$as 'n4"&*a%a& &'$ab0%"s&' a!b0h"*!a$ '*mber: s'!'a%"s -$-ha2an a2anan b-ah b-ahan $h' Akibat kek*ran+an

Manaan: &'n-!-nn+a s"s$'& !'/!0*-s" %'&ahn+a/'!s'n*"an %'&ah.• 6o0i*m 5 Io0i*m 5 ber*n+si -n$- &'&b'n$- 4a$

$"!0s"n +an $'!b'n$- /a*a '%'n7a! $"!0"* '*mber : a!a&*a/-! *"0!$"8as" &aanan %a-$ a"! *an sa+-! *"*a'!ah n0n0n*0 *an h',an +an &aan &aanan $'!s'b-$.

a$ &"n'!a% +0*"-& b"asan+a $'!*a/a$ /a*a a!a& *a/-! +an$'!s'*"a b'bas *" /asa!an na&-n $"*a s'&-a 7'n"s *an &'!a!a& *a/-! &'nan*-n +0*"-& Akibat kek*ran+an Y0*"-&: /'n+a"$ 0n*0 /a*a ana $'!7a*" '&-n*-!an 8s"*an &'n$a%.

•obalt 5 #obal 5 #obalt 5 o *n+si -n$- &'&b'n$-

/'&b-%-h *a!ah s'!$a /'&ban-n #"$a&"nB

3(s"an00ba%a&"n)*"/'!%-an -n$- -ns" n0!&a% s'%

$'!-$a&a s'% s-&s-& $-%an &'&a$anan s'% *a!ah &'!ahs"s$'& sa!a *an s+s$'& /'n2'!naan b'!/'!an *a%a& -ns"b'!baa" 'n4"& '*mber: &aanan s-&b'! #"$a&"n B

3

s'/'!$" *a"nha$"s-s- *an has"% 0%ahann+a Akibatkek*ran+an C0ba"$ b'!/'na!-h /a*a 7an$-n *an



•%l*orin (%) %*n+si : M'&/'!-a$ "".F%0-! b'!/'!an -n$- /'&b'n$- %a/"san

'&a"% "" +an &'%"n*-n" *a!" s'a%a&a2a& an-an /a*a "" '*mber :K-n"n $'%-! s-s- *an 0$a Akibatkek*ran+an F%-0!"n : '!-saan "" +anb'!%'b"han.



TERIMA

KASIH

metabolisme vitamin dan mineral

Documents