tIc-f K-kUv Hm-^o-tk-gv-kv A-tkm-kn-tb-j kva-cWnI 2013 kmn

Xv hn-I-k-\-hn-Z-Kv--p N- -sN-m-\p- {]-_--a-. Rm hn-I-k-\-hn-Z-Kv--\p-a-. hn-I-k-\w F--Xp hn-Z-Kv-am-{Xw Iq-Sn-bn-cp-p Xo-cp-am-\n-t- hn-j-b-hp-a-. A-Xp-sIm-v, C-Xv F-s-bpw\n--fp-sS-bpw \-p-sS a--fp-sS-bpw sIm-p-a--fp-sS-bpw H-s \n-e-\n-ev-]pw sa--s-S-epw kw-_-n- Nn-e D-Xv--WvT-I-fpw Nn- -I-fp-am-Wv. C-Xn kn-m--

9

C- -tfm \n--N-\--tfm D-m-hn-. i-X-am-\--fpw i-cm-i-cn-I-fpw A-\p-]m-X--fpw kq-N-I--fpw sIm-p-h-n- I-k-p-I-fpw D-m-hn-.-

]-e-cpw ]-d-bp-, h-f- -bm-Wp hn-I-k-\w F- km-am-\y-h-Xv--c-Ww Xp-S-- n-te \-ap-p X-n--f-bmw.B h-f---W-sm-pw Rm-t\m \n--tfm \-ap-pNp-pw Po-hn-p--h-tcm kz-w Po-hn-X-n A-\p-`-hn-p-n-. tI-c-f-k--Zv-L-S-\ G-Xm-p ]- p i-X-am-\w tXm-Xn h-f-cp-p F-m-Wp I-W-v. ]- p-sIm-

teJ\w . at\mPv sI ]pXn-b-hnf

w-sIm-v kw-m-\-s k-- v C-c-n B-Ip-p-sh-v! \--fn F-{X-t]-cp-sS k-- m-Wv Cu tXm-Xnh-f-cp--Xv?

I---W-n-s X-cn-In-S

]-sm-cp ]yq, F-\n-pw R--sS Fw-Un-pw-Iq-Sn H-cp-e--n A-m-bn-cw cq-]-bm i--fw F-p ]-d--Xp-t]m-se-bm-Wn-Xv. Fw-Un-v H-cp-e--hpw A-bm-v A-m-bn-c-hpw. i-cm-i-cn F-Sp-m, c-m-pw52,500 cq-]. C-Xp-t]m-se Aw-_m-\n-am-sc-bpw F-s-bpw\n--sf-bp-sa-mw Iq-n-s-n-bp- Cu I-W-p-]-d-n-en-em-Wv B-Zy-s h--\.-

hn-I-k-\m-h-iy- \n--bn-m-\pw e-y- \n--bn-m-\pw ]--Xn-I B-kq-{X-Ww sN-m-\p-sam-sh-kv-Xp-\n-jvT-am-b n-Xn-hn-h-c--W-p-I B-h-iy-am-Wv. A-Xn-\v C--cw i-cm-i-cn-I-f- th--Xv. k-Xy-k--am-b hn-h-c--fm-Wv. A-Xn-\v G--hpw A-Sn-m-\-]-c-am-bn th- H-cp hn-h-cw cm-Py-s sam-w Z-cn-{Z-cp-sSF--am-Wv. \-ap-v A--s\-sbm-cp I-W-p-tm?

Z-cn-{Z-cp-sS I-W-s-Sp-m \mw F-{X I-o-j-\p-I-sf h-p! Hm-tcm-cp- -cpw I-W-p-Iq-n-b-tm Z-cn-{Z-cp-sS kw-Jy ]-e-Xv! Zm-cn-{Zy-tc-J-I Hm-tcm-cp--cpw a--cn-p am-n-h-c- -tm Z-cn-{Z sh-dpw A-p sIm--n-\n-sS 77 \n-v 29.-5 i-X-am-\-am-bn!!! 2007-\pw 2012-\pw C-S-bn 47.-5 i-X-am-\w Z-cn-{Z [-\n-I-cm-bn am-dn-b-X- F-p \-ap-s-mw A-dn-bmw. ]n-s? X- D-t-in-p- i-X-am-\--W-p In-m Hm-tcm-tcm am-\-Z-- \n--bn-p-I-bm-Wv. sh-dpw ]-n-!

Zn-h-kw 22.-43 cq-] h-cp-am-\-ap- {Km-ao-W-\pw 28.-66cq-] h-cp-am-\-ap- \-K-c-hm-kn-bpw Z-cn-{Z-c- F- Ip-{]-kn--am-b I-dp- ^-en-Xw `m-c-Xo-b-cp-sS ap-J-p-Im-n-p-Xp- B-bn-cp-p. ]-n-Wn-m-c-s Im-cy-n t]m-epw I---W-p ]-d-bp- Cu kw-hn-[m-\w ]n-s G-Xp Im-cy-n-em-Ipw k-Xyw ]-d-bp-I! A-Xp-sIm-p-X-s, C- -cw P-\-hn-cp---W-p-I-fpw k-ao-]-\--fpw \mw ]m-tS X-n--f-bp-I. C-Xp sN-p--h ap-tm-p-h-bv-p- hn-I-k-\w \-ap-p-th-n-bp--X-. A-Xpw \mw X-p-p.-

\-ap-p \-p-tS-Xm-b hn-I-k-\w th-Ww; hn-I-k-\-k-ao-]-\w th-Ww. A-Xv F--s\-bp--Xm-bn-cn--Ww?

s_-S-m-n X-\n-m-

A-Xv B-tem-Nn--W-sa-n C--s hn-I-k-\- n-s X-I-cm-dp-I F-s-m-am-sW-p ]-cn-tim-[n-t--Xp-v.-

k-ao-]-Im-e-p \mw \-S-m-n-b k-{-Zm-b- ]-e-Xpw F-p ^-e-am-Wp-m-n-b-Xv F-p ]-cn-tim-[n-p-sIm-p \-ap-p Xp-S-mw. H-cp D-Zm-l-c-Ww ]-d-bmw:B-kq-{X-W-t_m-Uv D-]m-y- Fw. sI. N-{-ti-J-c A-Sp-n-sS ]-d-p, F-Rv-Pn-\o-b-dn-Mv hn-Zym-n-I-fn 70 i-X-am-\-hpw P-bn-p-n-; I-S-p-Iq-Sp-_m-n 30 i-X-am-\-n 50 i-X-am-\w t]m-epw tPm-en-v tbm-Ky-c- F-v. F-Rv-Pn-\o-b-dn-Mv ]Tn-p--h-cn85 i-X-am-\-hpw ]-Wn-p sIm-m--h-cm-sW-v A-w,

i-cm-i-cn a-e-bm-fn-bp-sS hn-Zym-` ym-k-e-yw 60-I-fn{]o-Un-{Kn B-bn-cp-p. 70-I-fn A-Xp _n-cp-Z-hpw 80-I-fn _n-cp-Zm-\--c-_n-cp-Z-hpw B-bn D-b-p. H- w h-f-p-h- F-Rv-Pn-\o-b-dn-Mv/sa-Un-kn {`-aw C--gn-Z-i-I-n Cu {]-h-W-X-sb a-dn-I-S-p. F-m, Kp-W-ta--bn-m- m-]-\--fn-se ]T-\-hpw A-l-X-bn-m--h-cp-sS hym-]-I-am-b {]-th-i-\-hpw A-hn-S--fnIq--tm-hn-p h-gn-h-bv-p-I-bm-Wv. 70 i-X-am-\wtXm-hn!

tI-c-f-n-s F-m hn-I-k-\-N--bpwXp-S-p--Xv K-^ p-]-W-n-\n-v B-W-tm. C-p \-p-sS k--Zv-L-S-\-bp-sS A-Sn- -d-X-s A-Xm-Wv F--Xm-Wp Im-c-Ww. K-^n-\n-p h-tXm-Xn-ep- a-S-n-h-c-hp Xp-S-n--gn-n-cn-p- km-l-N-cy- n hn-ti-jn-pw Cu N- -bv-p {]m-[m-\ywG-dp-p.-

kw-m-\-s 25 i-X-am-\w Ip-Spw-_--fn {]-hm-kn-I D-v. C-h-sc-mw-Iq-Sn {]-Xn-h-jw C-hn-tS-bv-v A-b-bv-p--Xv 60,000 tIm-Sn cq-]-bm-Wv. kw-m-\-n-s sam-w B-`y- -c-h-cp-am-\-am-b c-p-e-w-tIm-Sn cq-]-bp-sS 30 i-X-am-\w h-cpw C-Xv. C-Xpk-m-cn-\p- h-cp-am-\-a-; Ip-Spw-_--fp-tS-Xm-WvF-tm-p-I.-

Cu Xp-I Im-em-Im-ew h-p-sIm-n-cn-p-I-bm-W-tm. k-aq-l-n-se C-Xn-s Kp-Wn-X-{]-`m-h-hpw ]-cn-K-Wn--Ww. C-Xn-s tNm-Z-\-bm-Wv C-p \mw Im-Wp- Xp-Sn-p-I. Cu ]-W-n a-lm-` q-cn-]--hpw sN-e-h-gn--s-Sp--Xv B-tcm-Kyw, hn-Zym-`ym-kw,ho-Sv, D-](kp-J)t`m-K-h-kv-Xp-, B-Uw-_-cw, hn-t\m-Zw Xp-S-n-b Im-cy--m-Wv. D-]-t`m-K--B-Uw-_-c-s-e-hp-I-fn \--]-pw kz---S-I-fn-epw Xp-Wn--S-I-fn-epw tjm- n-Mv am-fp-I-fn-ep-am-Wv F-p--Xv. C-X-S-w ta-ev-]-d- F-m C-\--fn-ep-am-bnsN-e-hm-p- ]-W-n knw-l-`m-K-hpw kw-m-\-n-\p ]p-d-t-m-Wv H-gp-Ip--Xv. A-Xn tam-i-a-m- H-cp ]-v cm-Py-n-\p ]p-d-t-pw.-

C-Xn H-cp ss]-k-t]m-epw D-ev-]m-Z-\-cw-K- p ap-S-p-n- F-p ]-d-m A-Xn-i-tbm-n B-hn-. Nn-e Nn--d kw-cw- -` Xp-S-p-p-s-n-epwA-h-bpw G-sd-bpw tk-h-\, hym-]m-c m-]-\--fm-Wv - tlm-, kzm-{i-b-hn-Zym-e-b-, kz---S,Xp-Wn--S, Sq-dn-kw kw-cw-` - F-n--s\. tk-h-

tIc-f K-kUv Hm-^o-tk-gv-kv A-tkm-kn-tb-j kva-cWnI 2013kmn

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C--s\ tXm-p--h-cn an--h-cpw ap- - -pw\m-ev-]-Xpw A-Xn-te-sd-bpw t]- -dp-I In-m--h-cm-Wv.C-h-cm-cpw-X-s C-h H-cp-Im-e-pw F-gp-Xn-sb-Sp-m-dp-an-. A-h-sc-mw ]n-s sh-dpw ]-{-mw-m-kp-Im!A--s\ a-e-bm-fn-bp-sS i-cm-i-cn hn-Zym-`ym-k-\n-e-hm-cws]m-Sp--s\ ]-{-mw m-km-bn Xm-gp-I-bm-Wv! C-Xvk-aq-l- n F-s-mw X-cw {]-Xym-Lm-X- D-m-pw F--Xp Ku-c-h-]q-w ]Tn-t- hn-j-b-am-Wv.-

]n-s, F-n-\m-Wv C--s\m-cp F-Rv-Pn-\o-b-dn-Mv A-`ym-kw!? B-m-Wv C-Xp-sIm-p Kp-Ww? H-cp-Iq--p-am-{Xw. kzm-{i-bwF- a-l-m-b Km-n-b k--ev-]-s hy-`n-N-cn-p- tIm-g-tm-tf-Pv I- -h-S-m-v.e---W-n-\p Ip-n-I-sf _-en-bm-Sp-I-fm-n hn-c-en-se-m-hp--h tIm-So-iz-c-cm-bn.-

C-Xp-X-s-bm-Wv ]p-Xn-b Im-e-s G-Xm-s-m k-{-Zm-b--fp-sS-bpw e-yw. Nn-e-p ]-Ww Ip-p-Iq-m-\p- Ip-X-{--p s]m-Xp-k-aq-l-s C-c-I-fm-

\-ta-J-e-bn-em-Wp Iq-Sp-X-epw. s]-s-p em-`w In-p-G-m-Sp-I F--Xp am-{X-am-Wp ]-cn-K-W-\. A--s\-b-m- , Zo-L-Im-em-Sn-m-\- n-ep-, D-ev-]m-Z-\-kw-c- -`-p ap-X-ap-S-v D-m-Ip-n-.-

Np-cp-- n, D-ev-]m-Z-\-h-f- -b-, D-]-t`m-K-h-f- -bm-Wp tI-c-f-n kw- -`hn-p--Xv. \-p-sS h-f- Ir-jn-bpw hy-h-km-b-hpw A-S--ap- D-ev-]m-Z-\-cw-K- -,tk-h-\-cw-K- m-Wv. C-Xv A-Sn-b- -c-am-bn s]m-fn-s-gp-Xp-IF--Xm-Wp \-p-sS ]-c-a-{]-[m-\ I-S-a. kz-Im-cy-ta-J-e h-f-cp-I-bpw s]m-Xp-k--Zv-L-S-\ X-f-cp-I-bpw sN-p- A-h--bv-v F-n-te am--ap-m-m I-gn-bq. A-s-n A-Sn--d C-m-, A-n-c-am-b h-f- -bm-Ipw D-m-Ip-I.

A-Sn- -d-bm-b D-ev-]m-Z-\-ta-J-e-sb t{]m-m-ln-n-t--Xv ` -c-W-Iq-S-am-Wv. G-Xp ta-J-e-bn-em-Wp ap-X-ap-S-pth--sX-p ` -c-W-Iq-Sw Xo-cp-am-\n-p-I-bpw A-hn-tS-p\n-t-]w \-S- n-p-I-bp-am-Wp th--Xv. ]-I-cw C-p ap-X-em-fn-bm-Wv \n-t-]-ta-J-e Xo-cp-am-\n-p--Xv. k-aq-l-n-s B-h-iy-a-, em-`w am-{X-am-Wv A-bm-fp-sS ]-cn-K-W-\.-

s]-s-p h-en-b em-`w D-m-Im- ta-J-e-I-fn k-m-X-s ap-X-en-d--Ww. F-m, ]-W-an-s- \n-e-]m-Sn-em-Wp ` -c-W-Iq-Sw. Cu \n-e-]m-Sp Xn-cp-n-m-\p-k--w D-b-n-sm-p-h-cn-I F--Xpw H-cp hn-I-k-\-{]-h--\w X-s-bm-Wv.

H-w, k-l-I-c-W-ta-J-e-bn-epw a-p Iq-m-bv-a-I-fp-sS am-Xr-I-bn-epw D-ev-]m-Z-\-kw-cw- -` Xp-S-m-\p- ap-ssI-I _-Z-hn-I-k-\-]--Xn-bn [m-cm-f-am-bn D-m-I-Ww.ap-X-em-fn-- n-s _-e-X-{--pw A-Xn-\p-th-n cq-]w \-In-bn-p- \n-b-a-N--q-n-\pw D-n-em-Wp \mw C-sX-mw \-S-m-p--sX-n-epw A-Xn-s Xn--I-sf a-dn-I-S-p--Xpw ]p-Xn-b hy-h-n-Xn-p-th-n D--Xp-am-b`A--]q--am-b _-Z B-bn-cn--Ww \mw I-s-p- am-Xr-I-I.-

C--se-h-sc Ir-jn-pw Xm-a-k- n-\pw D- A-Sn-m-t\m-]m-[n am-{X-am-bn-cp- ` q-an A-X-m-Xm-bn am-dn-b-Xm-WvC--s B-]--c-am-b {]-Xn-`m-kw. ssI-am-w sN-bv-Xp]-W-ap-m-m-\p- N-c-m-Wn-p ` q-an! dn-b F-kv-t-vam-^n-b-bp-sS X-n- -bn ` q-an-bp-sS A-h-Im-in-I ]-em-b-\w sN--s-Sp-p. C-Xn-\m-bn X-e-pw hn-e-pw tdm-Up sh-p-p. kzm-`m-hn-I-\o-scm-gp-m-sI X-S-b-s-Sp-p.Ir-jn-`q-an C-m-Xm-Ip-I-bpw A-hn-sS-mw ^ v-fm-p-I-fpw am-fp-I-fpw I-h-j sk-dp-I-fpw D-b-cp-I-bpw sN-p-p.-

C-p kw-m-\-s Im-jn-I-h-cp-am-\w sam- w h-cp-am-\- n-s 10 i-X-am-\w t]m-epw C-. (Ir-jn Ip-d--Xp am-{X-a- Im-c-Ww [-\-bn-S-]m-Sv, _m-n-Mv, hym-]m-cw Sq-dn-kw, Xp-S-n-b a-p-ta-J-e-I B-\p-]m-Xn-I-a-m-sX h-

f--Xp-Iq-Sn B-Wv.-) s\-h-b 1975 F-p-e-w sl- D-m-bn-cp--Xv C-p c-p-e-w sl- B-bn-cn-p-p. C-Xn ap-m ]-pw B-Zyw a-p hn-f-I-fn-te-p am-dp-I-bm-bn-cp-p. ]n-o-S-h dn-b F-kv-t-n-\p h-gn-am-dn.C--s\-bpw A-m-sX-bpw a-p hn-f-I-fp-sS-bpw hn-kv-Xr-XnIp-d-bp-p.-

{]-tXy-I km-l-N-cy- n tI-c-fw C-\n s\-r-jnsN-t-s-pw Acn ]p-d-p-\n-p h-cp-n-bm a-Xn-sb-pw H-s-bp- D-]-tZ-i- h-p-Xp-S-n-bn-p-v. A-n-s\ h-m, C-hn-sS-tbm A-b-kw-m-\--fn F-hn-sS-sb-n-ep-tam H-cp k-a-c-tam kw-L-j-tam l-m-tem tdm-Up-X-S-k-tam D-m-bm \-ap-v A-w ap-pw. A-Xp-sIm-v, B-]--c-am-b C- -cw hn-Vn- --sf bp-n-bp-w s]m-fn--Ww. A-Xym-h-iy-n-\v (criticalminimum) F-n-epw A-cn kw-m-\-v D-ev-]m-Zn-n-t a-Xn-bm-Iq. A-Xpw e-y-am-I-Ww.-

]-g-b co-Xn-bn-ep- Ir-jn km-y-a-. P-\--sf Ir-jn-bn-te-v B-I-jn-m-\pw A-Xv B-Zm-b-I-cw B-m-\pwX-{ - B-hn-jv--cn-t-n-bn-cn-p-p. Ir-jn--Wn-vB-sf In-m- km-l-N-cyw ]-e-bn-S- pw D--Xv F-m-h-pw sXm-gn D--Xp-sIm-v A-s-p \-ap--dn-bmw.sXm-gn-am-\y-X kw-_-n- A-_--[m-c-W-I sIm-p-Iq-Sn B-Wv. A-b-m-c-s Iq-en-m-c B-Im ]-ebp-hm--pw Xm-ev-]-cy-an-. Cu {]-iv-\w ]-cn-l-cn-m]-m-b-tm P-\-Io-b-k-an-Xn-I-tfm Iq-en sIm-Sp-p-kw-hn-[m-\--v B-Ipw. l-cn-X-tk-\, sXm-gn--cmkw-L- Xp-S-n-b ]-e am-Xr-I-I-fpw C-v hn-P-b-I-c-am-bn {]-h-n- p-h-cp-p-v.-

]-c--cm-K-X ta-J-e-I-fn H-cp Zzn-ap-J-k-ao-]-\w B-bn-cn-pw B-im-kyw. C-\n ]p-Xn-b F-s-n-epw ]Tn-mI-gn-bm- {]m-bw-sN--h-sc B cw-K- p sXm-gn e-`y-am-n-bpw C-h-cp-sS D-ev-]---p hn-]-Wn I-s-n-bpw\n-e-\n--Ww. sXm-gn-se-Sp-m I-gn-bm--h-p km-aq-ln-I-kp-c- G-s-Sp- -Ww. ]p-Xn-b X-e-ap-d-m-sc]p-Xn-b ti-jn-I ]-I-p-\-In a-p ta-J-e-I-fn ]p-\-c-[n-h-kn-n--Ww.-

B-tcm-Kyw, hn-Zym-`ym-kw Xp-S-n-b tk-h-\-ta-J-e-I-fn-sem-s km-aq-ln-I-\n-b-{-Ww G-s-Sp-p-I-bpw Kp-W-\n-e-hm-cw D-b-p-I-bpw B-h-iym-[n-jvTn-X B-kq-{X-W-n-s A-Sn-m-\-n am-{Xw ]p-Xn-b \n-t-]-A-\p-h-Zn-p-I-bpw B-Wp th--Xv. C-Xn-\p- i--am-bC-S-s]-S-epw {]-tm- -`hpw cq-]-s-Sp--Ww.-

sF.-n.-sb H-cp hy-h-km-bw F- \n-e-bn Im-Wm-sXF-m ta-J-e-bn-se-bpw Im-cy--a-X D-b- m-\pw A-zm-\-` m-cw Ip-d-bv-m-\p-ap- D-]m-[n-bm-bn I-v ` m-hn-hn-I-k-\w B-tem-Nn--Ww. hn-tI-{o-Ir-X-am-bn A-Sn-m-\-ku-

tIc-f K-kUv Hm-^o-tk-gv-kv A-tkm-kn-tb-j kva-cWnI 2013 kmn

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n-sm-Sp-p- Iq-n-sm-Sp-p-Im-c-s tdm-fn-em-Wp ]-e cm-Py-s-bpw `-c-W-Iq-S-. C-Xn-\p th-n-bp-hn-I-k-\-am-Xr-I-I-fm-Wv `-c-W-Iq-S--fpw A-h-cp-sS D-]-tZ-m--fpw B-tKm-f km--n-I G-P-kn-I-fp-sam-s ap-tm-p-h-bv-p--Xv.-

C--Zm-\-hpw e-w-tIm-Sn tIm-g-bpw

`-c-W-X-e-n ap-p \-S-n-cp- A-gn-a-Xn-I h-a-cm-a-p-]-Wn-I I-cm sIm-Sp-pw b-t{m-]-I-c-W--fpw a-pw hm-n-bpw I-o-j h-p-I F--Xm-bn-cp-p. F-m, C-v, cm-Py-n-s h-I-bm-b {]-Ir-Xn-hn-`-h- X-s tIm--td-p-I-p ssI-am-dp-I-bm-Wv. {]-Ir-Xn-hm-X-I-hpw I-ev--cn-bpw sXm-v hn-h-c-hn-\n-a-b-am-y-a-am-b kv-s]-{- h-sc F-mw. Z-i-e---W-n-\ptIm-Sn cq-] aq-ey-ap- C- -cw hn- -`h- ssI-am-dp--Xn-eq-sS-bm-Wp ]-Xn-\m-bn-c-hpw e--hpw tIm-Sn-I cm-Py-n-\p \--ap-m-Ip-I-bpw A-Xp Nn-e-cp-sS em-`-am-

I-cy- hn-I-kn-n-p--Xm-Wv Cu cw-K-s h-f- k-p-en-X-am-m \--Xv. C--s ]-m--e-ku-I-cywhn-e-bn-cp-n am-{X-ta C-\n \n-m-W- ]m-Sp-q. dn-b F-kv-t-p-Im-cpw sXm-gn--cm-dp-Im-cpw B-Wp Zu-`m-Ky-h-im C-v Cu cw-Kw I--S-n-bn-cn-p--Xpw C-hn-tS-p kzo-I-cn--s-Sp--Xpw. Cu k-ao-]-\w am-d-Ww.ku-I-cyw k-m H-cp-p-I-bpw B-h-iy-ap- X-cw \n-t-]w A-hn-tS-v B-I-jn-p-I-bpw sN-p- co-Xn-bm-Wv B-im-kyw.-

h-f--bp-sS Po-h-hm-bp-hm-W-tm Du-w. Du--cw-K-pw {]m-tbm-Kn-I-_p-n-tbm-sS-bp- B-kq-{X-W-hpw k-ao-]-\-hpw I-cp-n-Sn- n--Ww. C-v Cu c-K-p \n-e-\n-p- I-Sp- A-\n-n-X-Xzw H-t-sd km-aq-ln-I-{]-iv-\--p-X-s Im-c-W-am-Im-hp- A-h--bm-Wv. ` m-hn-hn-I-k-\w B-sI Xp-em-kn Xq-p-I-bm-Wn-v. kz-Im-cy-h--c-Ww t]m-se-bp- ]n-tm--Sn-I-f-m-sX H-cn-pwap-tm-p t]m-Ip-n-. ]m-gm--epw {]-k-c-W-\--hpw Ip-d-bv-, Du---a-X Iq-Sn-b D-]-I-c-W- hn-I-kn- n-p {]-N-cn- n-, t_m-[-h-Xv--c-Ww H-s P-\-Io-b-am-bn sN-m-\m-Ipw.-

sh-- n-s Im-cyw ]-d-bm-\n-. Iq-\n-t Ip-cpt]m-se A-hn-sS-bpw kz-Im-cy-h--c-W- n-\p- B-{Im--am-Wv. a-en-\-am-b P-e-t{km-X-kp-I ip-o-I-cn-m-t\ma-en-\o-I-c-Ww X-S-bm-t\m \o-a-dn {]-tZ-i- ]-cn-]m-en-m-t\m ip--am-b Ip-Sn-sh-w D-d-m-m-t\m a-g-sh-wk-` -cn-m-t\m a-g-p-gn-I-fpw a-pw D-m-n P-e-hm--bpw`q-K-` -P-e-hpw sa--s-Sp-m-t\m H-pw ^ -e-{]-Z-am-b \-S-]-Sn-I D-m-Ip-n-. ap-X-em-fn-- n-\m-bm-epw _-Z-en-\m-bm-epw a-\p-jy-cm-in-bp-sS \n-e-\n- n-\p- A-Sn-m-\-am-W-tm ` q-an-bpw sh--hpw hm-bp-hp-sam-s.-

C-p h-f- -bp-sS t\-w In-p--Xv 20 i-X-am-\- n-m-sg B-fp-I-p am-{X-am-Wv. Xm-tg--n-ep- ap--Xpi-X-am-\w t]-cpw Xm-tg-m-Wp ` h-f-cp-Xv! A-k-a-Xzw K-Wy-am-bn h-n-p-p F--Xm-Wv C-Xn-\-w. Cu A-k-a-Xzw C-m-Xm-p-I-bm-Wv A-Sn-m-\-{]-h- -\-sa-n-epw ssI-sm-gn-ep-Im-cpw ]-c--cm-K-X-hy-h-km-b-sm-gn-em-fn-I-fpw H-s A-S-p- Cu 30 i-X-am-\- n-\p km-aq-ln-I-kp-c- \-ev-tI--Xv A-Sn-b--cm-h-iy-am-Wv.-

C-S-bv-p h-cp- 50 i-X-am-\- n Ip-td-t-cp-sS Po-hn-Xw sa- -s-Sp-p F-p tXm-m-sa-n-epw B-\p-]m-Xn-I-am-bn t\m-n-bm A-h-cpw h-f-cp-I-b-, X-f-cp-I-bm-Wv F-p Im-Wmw. C-h-sc C-m-cy- t_m-y-s-Sp-n _-Z-ep-I-fp-am-bpw t]m-cm---fp-am-bpw A-Wn-tN-m I-gn-b-Ww.-

A-\n-b-{n-X-am-b D-]-t`m-K-hpw A-Xn-\m-bp- h-n-D-ev-]m-Z-\-hpw h-tXm-Xn am-en-\yw kr-n-pw. A-Xp ]-I- -hym-[n-I-fpw a-p Zp-c---fp-am-bn \-p-sS B-tcm-Ky-hpw hn-` -h--fpw ]n-s-bpw tNm- pw. C-Xm-Wp k-ao-]-

Im-e-s G--hpw h-en-b sh-p-hn-fn. ` D-]-tbm-Kw Ip-d-bv- (reduce), ]p-\-cp-]-tbm-Kw (reuse), Nm-{In-I-kw-kv--c-Ww (recycle) F- a-{w ]-c-am-h-[n {]-N-cn- n-p-I-bpw A-Xp {]-Im-c-ap- ]--Xn-I B-hn-jv--cn-p-I-bpw th-Ww. H-w D-]-t`m-Km-k-n Ip-d-bv-m-\p- {]-h--\--fpw B-h-iy-am-Wv. hn-Zym-e-b--fn \n-p-X-sC-Xp Xp-S-mw.-

]-Sp-Iq- ho-Sp-I sI-p--Xn-s\--n au-\w ]m-en-p-I-bpw a-W-eq-n-\pw ]m-d-s]m-n--en-\pw F-Xn-sc k-a-cw \-S- p-I-bpw sN-p--Xp ]m-gv-th-e B-Ip--Xp-t]m-seB-Wv D-]-t`m-K-kw-kv-m-c-n-s\-Xn-sc t]m-cm-Sm-Xn-cn-p-I-bpw ]-cn-n-Xn-p-th-n t]m-cm-Sp-I-bpw sN-p--Xv._-lp-cm-{-p- -I-I-pw ss]-n-fn-{]-kn-o-I-c-W--pw kv-{Xo-I-s-Xn-cm-b A-Xn-{I-a--pw a-Zy- n-\p-sam-s F-Xn-sc {]-Nm-c-Ww ^ -e-{]-Zw B-Ip-sa-n C-Xpw \-S-m--X-. C-d-n-n-cn-m- Ip--ta D-q.-

C--s hn-I-k-\w ]-cn-n-Xn-bn-epw k-kv-m-c- n-ep-sam-s kr-n-p- hn-\m-i-I-c-am-b X-I- t\-cn-Sm-\p- ]--Xn-I-fpw Iq-m-bv-a-I-fpw D-m-Ip-I-bm-Wp ]-c-a-{]-[m-\-am-b a-sm-v. Z-fn-X, kv-{Xo-I Xp-S-n ]n-m-w\n-ev-p- F-m hn-` m-K--sf-bpw Nq-j-W--fn-\n-p c-n-m-\pw ap--Wn-bn-te-p sIm-p-h-cm-\pw D- ]--Xn-I-fpw C-Xp-t]m-se-X-s {]-[m-\-am-Wv. hn-]p-e-am-bt_m-[-h-Xv--c-W-am-Wv Cu cw-K--fn th--Xv. H-w, ]-cn-n-Xn-bp-sS-bpw ta-ev-]-d- hn-` m-K--fp-sS-bpw kw-c--W-n-\p- \n-b-a- I-i-\-am-bn \-S- m-p-p F-v D-d-m-m-\pw ]-cn-]m-Sn-I th-Ww.-

]-cn-n-Xn \-in- n-p--Xp sXm-gn-em-fn-bp-sS kw-kv-m-cw A-. em-`m- n-bp-sS Zp-c--am-W-Xv. A--c-sam-cpkw-cw-` w ]-cn-n-Xn \-in- n-p-tm A-Xn-s\-Xn-sc {]-Xn-tj-[-tam k-m-\-S-]-Sn-tbm D-m-bm-ep-S, A-XpsXm-gn-em-fn-bp-sS sXm-gn \--s-Sp-p-sa-p ]-d-vA-h-sc cw-K- n-d-n X-Im-cyw t\-Sm-\p- X-{ -am-WvA-Sp- -Im-e-p ap-X-em-fn-am {]-tbm-Kn-p--Xv. Nn-esXm-gn-em-fn-kw-L-S-\-I B sI-Wn-bn ho-gp-I-bpw C-c-I-fm-Ip-I-bpw sN-m-dp-v. ]m-d-a-S-I-fp-sS-bpw ^ m--dn-I-fp-sS-bp-sam-s Im-cy- n C-Xp ]-e-tm-gpw \mw Im-Wp-p. C-Xp {]-Xn-tcm-[n--s-S-Ww. sXm-gn-em-fn-I-sf-q-Sn ]-cn-n-Xn-bp-sS ]-- v A-Wn-\n-c- n ap-X-em-fn-sb B\-io-I-c-W-n-\n-p ]n- n-cn- n-p-I-bm-Wp th--Xv.e-y-t_m-[-ap- {]-m-\- C-m-cy- n im-kv-{Xo-

Ip-I-bpw sN-bv-X-Xv.-hn-` -h- ku-P-\y-am-tbm ku-P-\y(k-_v-kn-Un)\n-

c-n-tem D-ev-]m-Z-I-p \-In-bm D-ev-]-- n-s hn-e Ip-d-bpw F--Xm-Wp \ym-bw. F-n-v, \n--fp-sS A-dn-hn F-n-s-sb-n-epw hn-e Iq-Sp-I-b-m-sX Ip-d-bp-I-bp-m-bn-p-tm? A-Xpw a-sm-cp s]-cp--w!

A-Xp-t]m-se-X-s-bm-Wp ]m-h-s --h-p k-_v-kn-Un sIm-Sp-m-\pw hn-I-k-\-{]-h--\--p ap-S-m-\pw ]-W-an-s- hm-Z-hpw. C-Xn-\-Iw ]p-d-p-h- A-gn-a-Xn-I-fn cm-Py- n-\p \-- --Xm-bn I-s-n-b Z-i-e---W-n-\p tIm-Sn cq-]-bpw h-In-S-m-p \n-Ip-Xn-bn-f-h-S-w \-In-b a-t-Xm-\pw Z-i-e-w tIm-Sn-I-fpw a-Xn-bm-bn-cp-n-t C-Xn ]-e-Xn-\pw. A-tm, ]-W-an-s- ]--hn-bpw ]- -\p-W-bm-sW-p sh-fn-s -Sp-p. B-tKm-f-Kq-Vm-tem-N-\-bp-sS ^-e-am-Wv F-m ap-X-em-fn--cm-Py--fn-epw k-am-\-am-b C- -cw \p-W-I ]-

-hn-I-fm-bn B-e-]n--s -Sp--Xv.-ap-s-mw tdm-Upw sd-bn-epw sa-t{Sm-bpw H-s \-

p-sS \n-Ip-Xn- -Ww-sIm-v k-m-cm-Wv D-m-n-bn-cp--Xv. C-v B k-{-Zm-b-ta t]m-bn. F-mw h-I--\n-I-fm-Wp ]-Wn-bp--Xv. \mw A-h-p tSm sIm-Sp--Ww. sN-e-hp-Im-iv Cu-Sm-m-\m-W-tX. A-tX-k-a-bw, C-h ]-Wn-bm-s\- t]-cn A-Xn-\p th--Xpw th--Xn-s ]-e-a-S-pw ` q-an k-m G-s-Sp- p \-ev-Ip-I-bpw sN-p-p. C-Xv B-cpw {i-n-p-n-. I-m-b`q-an-b-{X-bpw C--s\ A-h-cp-sS kz-Im-cy-kz-m-Ip-I-bm-Wv. tZ-i-kz-m-b hn- -`h- t]m-se ` q-an-bpw ssI-am-d-s-Sp-p. A-Xn A-h hym-]m-c-k-ap--b--fpw am-fp-I-fpw ^v-fm-p-I-fpw \n-n-p Io-i ho-n-p-p.-

.-. -.-C-sX-m-am-Wp ]p-Xn-b hn-I-k-\-k-{-Zm-bw.H-cp h-In-S-]--Xn-p ]-Ww ap-S-m X-m-dm-bn H-

cp kw-m-\-k-m ap-tm-p h-m-tm-epw A-\p-h-Zn-n-. kz-Im-cy-]-m-fn- w D-m-n-tb ]-q F-p \n-

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b-\n-e-]m-Sp ssI-sm-t Xo-cq. C-Xn-\p- k--w D-b-m-\pw _-Z-en-s ` m-K-am-bn I-gn-b-Ww.-

A--s\ H-cp ]p-Xn-b tI-c-fw e-y-am-n-bp- h-en-b {]-h- -\--fn-se i--am-b Np-h-Sp-h-bv-]pw {]-tNm-Z-\-hpw B-I-s C-Sp-n-bn-se D-Zy-a-.-

cp h-i-v. H-cp i-X-am-\w k-- p-am-{Xw ]n- -m-ip-t]m-se F-dn-p-In-n-b 99 i-X-am-\w t] a-dp-h-i-pw.C-Xm-Wv tem-I-ap-X-em-fn--n-s X-e-m-\w(?) B-b A-ta-cn--bn-se C--s n-Xn. 99 i-X-am-\-mA-hn-sS kw-L-Sn- v aq-e-[-\-i-n-bm-b H-cp i-X-am-\- n-s B-m-\-am-b hm kv-{o-v I--S-n k-a-cw Xp-S-n-b-Xpw A-Xp ap-X-em-fn--tem-I-m-sI ]-S--Xpw\mw I--Xm-Wv.-

aq-e-[-\-Ip-p-Iq-S-en-s-bpw `-c-W-Iq-S-n-\p-ta D-

-n-p-p. sIm-n sa-t{Sm C-{X-bpw Im-ew ssh-In-b-Xp-X-s Cu H-scm- Zp-m-in-bp-sS t]-cn-em-bn-cp--tm.-

F- n-\m-Wo hm-in-I?

am-dn-b hy-h-n-Xn-bp-sS kr-n-bm-W-Xv. ap-X-em-fn--n-s N-cn-{X-]-c-am-b hn-hn-[ cq-]--sf- -n Imam-Iv-kv ]-d-n-p--tm Im-jn-I, hm-Wn-Py, hym-h-km-bn-I, Ip--I, [-\-Im-cy, km-{am-Py-Xz aq-e-[--sf--n. A-Xn-s G--hpw ]p-Xn-b cq-]-am-Wp tIm- -td-v aq-e-[-\w F- B-tKm-f-aq-e-[-\-kz-cq-]w.-

[-\w Iq-Sp-X Ip-p-Iq-Sp-sa-pw [-\n-I--Z-cn-{Z A--cw aq-n-p-sa-pw A-t-lw {]-h-Nn-n-cp-p. sXm-gn-em-fn-hn-`m-K--fp-sS F-w Ip-d-bp-sa-pw sh--tm-f tPm-en-bn Ip-Xn-p-I-b-w D-m-Ip-sa-pw A-t-lw ]-d-n-cp-p.

C-sX-mw kw- -`hn- H-cp km-aq-ln-Im-h--bm-Wv C-p tem-I-p \n-e-\n-p--Xv. k--n-s 99 i-X-am-\-hpw Ip-p-Iq-n-h-n-cn-p- H-cp i-X-am-\w t] H-

m-b A-Xn-s h-n- kzm-[o-\-n-s-bpw C-h c-pwtN-p \-S- n-b H- p-I-fn-I-fp-sS-bpw ^-e-am-bn-cp-p2007 s]m-n-p-d-s- B-tKm-f-km--n-I-am-yw. A-Xp ]-cn-l-cn-m-s\- t]-cn, ]p-c-bv-p Xo-]n-Sn-p-tm hm-g sh-p-I F- k-{-Zm-b-n, s]m-Xp-J-P-\m-hn-\n-p \m-Sn-s k-- -{X-bpw tIm- -td-p-I-p hm-cn-tm-cn-sm-Sp- -Xpw A-Xv A-ta-cn- ` -c-W-Iq-S-s--s ho-gv-n-b-Xpw \mw I-p.-

A-tX hn-I-k-\-]m-X ]n-p-S-cp- C- y-bpw tIm--td-p-I-fp-sS X-Sn-p-sIm-gp--en-\pw 99 i-X-am-\-n-ssIm-Spw-X-I- -bv-pw h-gn-sbm-cp-p- \-b--fm-Wp ]n-p-S-cp--Xv. C-tX- -n Rm hn-h-cn-p-n-. B ]-cn-jv-m-c--fp-sS C-c-I F- \n-e-bn \n--fpw F-s-tm-se A-\p- -`hn-p-I-bm-W-tm Po-hn-X-Zp-c--.-

2007-se am-y- n-\n-v C- y-sb c-n- p-\n- n-b-Xp \-p-sS s]m-Xp-ta-J-e-bm-bn-cp-p. C-Xp ]-d--Xp a-m-cp-a-, \-p-sS {]-[m-\-a-{n X-s. tIm-Sn--W-n-\p cq-] em-`-ap-m-n-sm-n-cp- \-h-c-Xv-\-bpw an-

aq-e-[-\-Ip-p-Iq-S-en-s-bpw `-c-W-Iq-S-n-\p-ta D-m-b A-Xn-s h-n- kzm-[o-\-n-s-

bpw C-h c-pw tN-p \-S-n-b H-p-I-fn-I-fp-sS-bpw ^-e-am-bn-cp-p 2007 s]m-n-p-d-s-

B-tKm-f-km--n-I-am-yw. A-Xp ]-cn-l-cn-m-s\- t]-cn, ]p-c-bv-p Xo-]n-Sn-p-tm hm-g sh-p-I F- k-{-Zm-b-n, s]m-Xp-J-P-\m-hn-\n-p \m-Sn-s k---{X-bpw tIm--td-p-I-phm-cn-tm-cn-sm-Sp--Xpw A-Xv A-ta-cn- `-c-

W-Iq-S-s- -s ho-gv-n-b-Xpw \mw I-p.-

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\n-c-Xv-\-bpw B-b s]m-Xp-ta-J-em---\n-I-sf-mw hn--gn-p-I-bpw Ip--I-I-p Z-i-e---W-n-\p tIm-Sn-bp-sS \n-Ip-Xn-bn-f-hp-I-fpw B-\p-Iq-ey--fpw \-ev-Ip-I-bpw A-l-am-b \n-Ip-Xn-I-X-s A-h-cn-\n-p ]n-cn-s -Sp-m-Xn-cn-p-I-bpw H-s sN-bv-Xn-v hn-I-k-\-n-\pw t-a-n-\pw [\w \-ev-Im ]-Ww Im-bv-p- a-c-an-sp ]-cn-l-kn-p- X-t-S-hpw ]p--hpw Cu X-Xz-im-kv-{X-n-s H-cp ` m-hm-hn-jv-m-cw am-{X-am-Wv.-

F--bp-sS hn-e-\n-b-{-Ww \o-n-b-Xpw s]m-Xp-hn-]-Wn-bn-\n-p ]n-m-dp--Xpw td-j ]-cn-an-X-s -Sp- p--Xpw _m-p-h-gn-bp- k-_v-kn-Un-hn-X-c-W-n-s t]-cn s]m-Xp-hn-]-Wn-sb A-{]-k--am-p--Xpw P-\--sf Xp-d- hn-]-Wn-bn-te-v F-dn-p-sIm-Sp-p--Xpw]m-N-I-hm-X-Iw ]-cn-an-X-s-Sp- p--Xpw A-Xn-s k-_v-kn-Un F-Sp-p-I-f-bp--Xpw F-m--cw k-_v-kn-Un-I-fpw C-m-Xm-p--Xpw Ip-Sn-sh-w-h-sc hn-ev-]-\- -c-m-p--Xpw ssh-Zyp-Xn-t_m-Up-I-sf hn- -`Pn-p I--\n-bm-m-\pw kz-Im-cy-h-Xv--cn-m-\pw \n-c-p-I Iq-m-\pw \n--n-p--Xpw s]m-Xp-K-Xm-K-X-kw-hn-[m-\--sf-sb-mw X-I-p- X-c-n h-en-b D-]-t`m-m- F- t]-cn {Sm-kv-t]m-v tIm--td-j-\p-I-tfm-Spw d-bn-th-tbm-Spw Uo-k-en-\v A-[n-I-hn-e Cu-Sm-p--Xpw Zm-cn-{Zy-tc-J Xm-gv-n-h-c-bv-p--Xpw hn-e--b-w \n-b-{n-m-sX ]q-gv-n-h-bv-]p-Im-pw I-cn-- -m-pw ]p-Xn-b Nn--d-hn-ev-]-\-p- -I-I-pw H-m-i sN-p--Xpw F-m \n-b-{-W--fpw C-m-Xm-p--Xpw F-m D- -c-hm-Zn---fn-\n-pw k-m H-gn-bp--Xpw s]-j-\-h-Im-iw C-m-Xm-n tIm-{n-_yq--dn B-p--Xpw F-m-sa-mw C-tX \-b-n-s B-hn-jv-m-c- X-s.-

C-h H-p-t]m-epw F-\n-tm \n--tm Zp-cn -X-a-m-sX Kp-W-sam-pw sN-bv-Xn-n --tm? A-tmcm-Py-s P-\--m-pw H-cp Kp-W-hpw sN-m-, tZm-j- am-{Xw sN-p-, Cu \-b- \-S-m-p--Xv F-n-\m-Wv? B-p-th-n-bm-Wv?

aq-e-[-\- n-s ]p-Xn-b A-h-Xm-cw

tIm--td-v aq-e-[-\-n-s kz-`m-h-hn-ti-j--sf- -n [m-cm-fw ]T-\- \-S-n-p-v. A-h-sb-mw sh-fn-hm-p- Nn-e {Iq-c-am-b, ` o-Xn-Z-am-b, k-Xy--fp-v.-

em-`- n-\p-th-n-bp-f-f a--cm-[n-jvTn-X k--Zv-hy-h--bm-Wv ap-X-em-fn-w. N-c-p hn-ev-p-tm In-p- B-Zm-b-s-p-dn-p am-{X-am-Wp ap-X-em-fn-bp-sS Nn-. B N-c-p-I-tfm A-h-bv-m-bp-f-f D-ev-]m-Z-\-{]-h--\-tam k-aq-l-n-tem {]-Ir-Xn-bn-tem F-p {]-Xym-Lm-Xw kr-n-pw F--Xp ap-X-em-fn-p hn-j-b-a-. C-{]-Im-cw, ap-X-em-fn-w ]-cn-n-Xn-hn-cp--am-b H-cp hy-h--bm-Wv. B hy-h--bv-p-n km-- n-Im-k-a-XzwIq-Sp-tm-dpw ]m-cn-n-Xn-I- -I- Iq-Sp-X cq--am-Ip-p F-m-Wp ]p-Xn-b ]T-\- Im-Wn-p--Xv.-

Cu tIm- -td-v aq-e-[-\-n-s {]-h- -\-co-Xn-bpwA-Xp tem-I-p h-cp-n-sm-n-cn-p- am---fpw Iq-Sn ]-cn-tim-[n-mw.-

ap-s-mw `hn-I-k-\w F-p ]-d-n-cp--h C-v A-Xp am-n `h-f- (growth) F-m-n-bn-cn-p-p. B-cp-sS h-f- F-p-am-{Xw tNm-Zn--cp-Xv. aq-e-[-\-i-n-I-p h-f- -bpw A-zm-\-i-n-I-p X-f--bpw C-Xm-Wp \mw Im-Wp--Xv.-

H-cp-Iq-w [-\n-I-cp-sS D-]-t`m-Km-k-n B-fn--n-p-I; A-h-sb-mw \n-d-th-m ]-e-X-cw hm-bv- -I \-Im [-\-Im-cy-m-]-\--v F-m X-S-k--fpw \o-n k--{X Xp-d-n-p-sIm-Sp-p-I; a-y-h--n-sbp-n-c-ln-X-hpw ho-p-hn-Nm-c-an-m--Xp-am-b D-]-t`m-Km-k-n Xr-]v-Xn-s -Sp- m-\m-bn kz-w D-ev-]---fpw

tk-h-\--fpw hn-v B ]-W-a-{X-bpw ssI--em-m-\pw]p-dw-cm-Py--fn-te-p I-S-n-sm-p-t]m-Im-\pw tIm--td-p-I-v H-m-i sN-p-I;.-. -. A-h-s-mw A-Xn-\p- ku-I-cy-sam-cp-p- s -^kn-en-t-F--Xm-Wp`-c-W-Iq-S- n-s Zu-Xyw F-v F-m-h-cpw-Iq-Sn ]p-\-\n-h-Nn- n-cn-p-p. am-K-d-v Xm- -dpw _p-jpw Iq-Sn sIm-p-h- h-Xv--c-WA-P--I-fn-eq-sS \--sf-sb-mw ]Tn-n- -Xv A-Xm-W-tm.-

`-c-W-n-s ]p-Xn-b A-h-Xm-cw

A-Xp-h-sc ` -c-Ww a-sm-m-bn-cp-p. Z-cn-{Z-pw km-[m-c-W-m-pw Po-hn-Xw sa--s -Sp-m th- ]-cn-]m-Sn-I X-m-dm-n \-S-m-p-I, A-h-sc a-p--h-cp-sSNq-j-W-n-\n-p c-n-p-I, hn-e--b-w t]m-ep-{]-Xn-k-n-I-fn-\n-v A-h-sc c-n-m-\p- hn-]-Wn-\n-b-{-W- \-S-m-p-I, s]m-Xp-hn-X-c-Ww ^ -e-{]-Z-am-p-I, sXm-gn-en-m--h-p sXm-gn kr-n-p \-Ip-I, sXm-gn sN-m I-gn-bm--h-p t-a-]-cn-]m-Sn-I sIm-p-h-cn-I, km-aq-ln-I-hpw km--n-I-hp-am-b A-k-a-Xzw C-m-Xm-m-\p- \-S-]-Sn-I F-Sp-p-I,F-m-h-pw Po-hn-m-\pw hn-Zym-`ym-kw t\-Sm-\pw B-tcm-Kyw kw-c-n-m-\pw k--cn-m-\pw sh-- n-\pwsh-fn- - n-\p-sam-s s]m-Xp-ku-I-cy- H-cp-p-I Xp-S-n-b H-t-sd Im-cy- B-bn-cp-p `-c-W-n-s D--c-hm-Zn--.-

F-m, ` h-Xv--c-W-fp-sS h-c-thm-sS C-sX-mw

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]p-Xn-b-\-b--fp-sS H-cp {]-ap-J-L-S-Iw t-a-{]-h--\--p \-ev-Ip- Du--em-Wv. G-Xm-vF-m cm-Py--fn-epw C-S-Xp-]--n-\p Io-gn Zm-

cn-{Zy-n K-Wy-am-b Ip-d-hp-m-bn-p-v. D-dp-tKz-bn Z-cn-{Z-cp-sS F-w 32 i-X-am-\-n-\n-v 20i-X-am-\-am-bn Xm-Wp. A-Po-\-bn ]-p-h-

jw sIm-v Z-cn-{Z-cp-sS i-X-am-\w 50 -\n-v 15 B-bn Ip-d-p. C--s\ Hm-tcm cm-Py-pw.

D-t]-n-p-I-bpw Im-cy- Xo-cp-am-\n-m-\p- A-[n-Im-cw hn-]-Wn-p hn-p-sIm-Sp-p-I-bpw B hn-]-Wn-bnb-tY-w F-p tXm-ym-k-hpw sN-m tIm- -td-p-I-v kzm-X-{yw \-Ip-I-bpw A-Xn-s\-mw \n-b-a-]-cn-c- D-m-p-I-bpw A-Xn-s\ tNm-Zyw sN-p--h-scA-Sn- -a-m-\p- D-]m-[n-bm-bn k-m-kw-hn-[m-\- D-]-tbm-Kn-p-I-bpw sN-p- I-m-Wn-I-fm-bn an- cm-Py--fn-se-bpw ` -c-W-Iq-S- am-dn.-

H-cm-fp-sS em-`w H-cp-]m-Sp-t]-cp-sS \-w B-W-tm.A-Xp-sIm-v, em-`w D-m-p--Xn-\v C--se-h-sc ap-X-em-fn-w X-s \n-b-{-W- G-s-Sp-n-bn-cp-p.F-m C-v B \n-b-{-W-sa-mw F-Sp- p-I-f-n-cn-p-p!

kz-w cm-Py-s a-lm-`q-cn-]--s C--s\ Iq-n-sm-Sp-p--Xn-\p h-en-b, \-p-sS-sbm-s k--ev-]- n-\v A-Xo-X-am-b, {]-Xn-^ -e- ]-e ` -c-W-Iq-S--fpw ssI--n-b-Xn-s A-gn-a-Xn--Y-I F-{X-tbm \mw tI-p! ho-pw `-c-Ww In-n-bn-s-n-epw th-n-, A-m-cw h-n-b Im-cy- F--s\-bpw \-S-m-n-sm-Sp-p-I F- hm-in-bn-em-Wp ]-e cm-Py-s-bpw `-c-W-Iq-S-.tem-I-am-sI h-f-cp- {]-tm-`- C-Xm-Wp km-y-s-Sp-p--Xv.-

C-h ]-d-bp- `h-f- (growth) Cu tIm--td-p-I-fp-sS h-f- -bm-Wv. ` h-f- bn km-[m-c-W-P-\-

C- F--Xn-s Aw-Ko-I-cn--em-Wv A-Sp- -Im-e-m-bn {]-tbm-Kn- p-Xp-S-n-bn-p- ` D-sm-p- h-f- (inclusive growth). F-tm H-cp Z-bm-Zm-n-Wyw t]m-se \--sf-q-Sn D-sm-m-sa-v!

Cu D-sm- h-f-bpw k-Xy-n tIm--td-p-I-p Kp-W-ap-m-m-\p- G-m-Sp-I-fm-sW-v ]-e \-S-]-Sn -I-fpw hy--am-p-p. ]-n -Wn-m-cm-b Ip-n -I-pw A--am-pw A--W-hm-Sn -I-fn -eq-sS B-lm-cw sIm-Sp-m-\p- ]--Xn ]m-bv --v `--W-n-te-p am-n h hn-e \n--bn-vh-In-S I--\n-I-sf G-n-p-I-bm-Wv! \-p-sSB-tcm-Ky C-jp-d-kv ]--Xn dn -e-b-kv km--n-I m-]-\-s G-ev -]n --Xpw A-tX-p-S-vA-h-v B-Zm-bw Iq-Sp-X In----hn-[w ]m-h--fp-sS Nn-In-m-[-\-k-lm-bw ]-cn-an -X-s-Sp-n-b-Xpw \-p-sS I-p-n-ep- k-Xyw. A--s\ t-a-]--Xn-I-f-S-w F-mw _n-kn-\-kv A-h-k-c-B-p-I-bm-Wv. -

C-Xp \-ap-p th-; ]n-s.-.-.-?

Cu hn-I-k-\w F-\n-p kzo-Im-cy-a-. \n--pwkzo-I-cn-m-\m-Ipw F-p I-cp-Xp-n-. A-tm-n-sF--s\ B-bn-cn--Ww hn-I-k-\w? A-Xn-\p Ku-c-h-am-b N- -I-fpw ]T-\--fpw B-h-iy-ap-v. hy--hpw ^-e-{]-Z-hpw a-lm-`q-cn-]-- n-\pw kzo-Im-cy-hp-am-b _-Zhn-I-k-\-k--ev-]w B-hn-jv--cn- p ap-tm-p h-bv-t--Xp-v.-

tI-c-f-n am-{X-a-, tem-I- n-s \m-\m-`m-K--fn-epw C- -cw A-t\z-j-W--fpw ]-co--W--fpw \-S-p-p F--Xm-Wv B-th-i-I-c-am-b Im-cyw. e-o-\-ta-cn- cm-Py--fn-se ]-co--W--fm-Wv C-v G-sd N--sN--s -Sp--Xv.-

\n-tbm-en-_-d \-b--sf X-f-fn- -d-bp-p F--Xm-Wv B cm-Py--fn-se ]-co--W--fp-sS-sb-mw s]m-Xp-k-hn-ti-j-X. kz-Im-cy-h-ev--c-Ww A-h-km-\n-n-p F-p am-{X-a-, Nn-e cm-Py- tZ-i-km-ev--c-W \-S-]-Sn-I kzo-I-cn-p-I-bpw sN-bv-Xp. I-tm-f-s k--kz-X-{-am-bn hn-Sp--Xn-t\m-Sv C-h tbm-Pn-p-n-.-

]p-Xn-b-\-b--fp-sS H-cp {]-ap-J-L-S-Iw t-a-{]-h--\--p \-ev-Ip- Du--em-Wv. G-Xm-v F-mcm-Py--fn-epw C-S-Xp-]--n-\p Io-gn Zm-cn-{Zy-nK-Wy-am-b Ip-d-hp-m-bn-p-v. D-dp-tKz-bn Z-cn-{Z-cp-sS F-w 32 i-X-am-\-n-\n-v 20 i-X-am-\-am-bn Xm-Wp.A-Po-\-bn ]- p-h-jw sIm-v Z-cn-{Z-cp-sS i-X-am-\w 50 -\n-v 15 B-bn Ip-d-p. C--s\ Hm-tcm cm-Py-pw. (tc-J Xm-gv-n h-c-n--, tI-tm.-)

D-ev-]-w D-m-n-bn-p ]-c-ky-tIm-em-l-e-n-eq-sSB-h-iy-t_m-[w kr-n-p- ap-X-em-fn--co-Xn-p ]-I-cw B-h-iyw \n--bn-v A-Xn-\-\p-k-cn-v D-ev-]m-Z-\w{I-a-s -Sp-p-I-bpw B D-ev-]m-Z-\w-X-s km-aq-ln-I-am-bn \-S-p-I-bpw sN-p- im-kv-{Xo-b-am-b k-{-Zm-b-hpw A-hn-sS D-cp-n-cn-p-h-cp-p.-

e- o A-ta-cn--bn C-p \-S-p- G--hpw {i-t-b-am-b P-\m-[n-]-Xy-]-co--Ww A-[n-Im-c-hn-tI-{o-I-c-W-am-Wv. {_-ko-en-se h-t-gv-kv ]m-n-bp-sS H-cp {]-[m-\ cm-{o-b ]-cn-]m-Sn B-bn-cp-p A-[n-Im-c-hn-tI-{o-I-c-Ww. ap-\n-kn- sX-c-s-Sp-p-I-fn-se hn-P-b--fpw A-hn-sS \-S- m-n-b ]-cn-jv-Im-c--fp-am-Wv h-t-gv-kv ]m-n-sb tZ-io-b-{i--bn sIm-p-h- H-cp L-S-Iw.-

C-Xn t]m-tm A-se-{K \-K-c-n-se ` ]-m-fn--_-P-n-Mv ]-co--Ww tem-I-{i- t\-Sn. tI-c-f-n\-S-m-n-b P-\-Io-bm-kq-{X-W-n-\p k-am-\-am-b H-cp]-cn-]m-Sn-bm-Wn-Xv. Cu A-\p-` -h- n-s A-Sn-m-\- n

]-m-fn--_-P-n-Mv- a-p ap-\n-kn-m-en-n-I-fn-te-pw hym-]n-n-p. C-v H-s-m e- o A-ta-cn- cm-Py--fn-epw A-[n-Im-c-hn-tI-{o-I-c-W-n-eq-sS P-\m-[n-]-Xy-sIq-Sp-X A-Y-h-m-p--Xn-\p-f-f H-t-sd {i-t-b-am-b ]-co--W- \-S-p-p.-

B-tKm-f km--n-I {]-Xn-k-n-bp-sS cq--X Xm-c-X-tay-\ e- o A-ta-cn--bn Ip-d-hm-bn-cp-p. C-Xn-\p Im-c-Ww ]p-Xn-b \-b--fm-Wv F-m-Wp I-cp-Xp--Xv.-e-o A-ta-cn--bn-se ]-e ]m-n-I-fpw t{S-Uv bq-Wn-b-\p-I-fp-am-bn k-Po-h-_-w ]p-e-p -h-bm-Wv.Im-jn-]-I-]-cn-jv-Im-cw Cu ]m-n-I-I-fp-sS Im-cy-]-cn-

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]m-Sn-bn {]-ap-J-am-Wv. C-h-bp-sS-sbm-s ^ -e-am-bn F-m cm-Py--fn-epw sXm-gn-em-fn-I-fp-sS-bpw Ir-jn-m-cp-sS-bpw kw-L-Sn-X-ti-jn-bn {i-t-b-am-b ]p-tcm-K-XnD-m-bn-p-v.-

Cu cm-Py--fn-se-mw Im-em-Im-e--fn Ir-Xy-am-bn sX-c-s-Sp-p \-S-p-p, {]-Xn-]-w k-Po-h-am-bn{]-h- n-p-p, hn-im-e-ap--Wn-I-fm-Wp ` q-cn-]-w -e- pw ` -c-Ww \-S- p--Xv, cm-{o-b-am-b _-lp-kz-c-X-sb Aw-Ko-I-cn-p-p.-

B-tKm-fo-Ir-X-k-aq-l-n A-Xn-s kzm-[o-\--fn-\n-s-mw kz-X-{-am-b km--n-I-cm-{o-b-{I-awsI-n- -Sp-p-I F--Xv A-{X e-fn-X-tam kp-km-y-tamA-. G-sX-n-epw Xp-cp-p-I-p am-{X-am-bn C-Xp cq-]-s-Sp-n \n-e-\n-m-\pw _p-n-ap-m-Wv.-

F-m tem-I-n-s ]-e tIm-Wp-I-fn-epw C--cw Nn- m-K-Xn-I i-n-s-Sp-I-bpw X-\-Xm-b am-Xr-I-I I-cp-n-Sn-n-p-I-bpw A-\p-`-h- ]-c-kv-]-cw ]-p-h-bv-p-I-bpw H-s sN-bv-Xp-sIm-v, Zo-L-Im-ew sIm-m-sW-n-epw, tem-I-{I-aw am-n-sb-gp-Xm-\m-Ipw F-p\mw {]-Xym-in-t a-Xn-bm-Iq. B {]-Xym-i-sIm-t \-ap-p ap-tm-p t]m-Im-\m-Iq. B h-gn-p- ]-cn-{i-a--fn h-en-b kw-`m-h-\ \-Im sI-ev-]p- H-cp k-aq-

C-Xp \-ap-sm-p a-dn-n-Smw

A-tm G-Xm-v C--s\ h-cpw. (C-Xp h-f-sc hy-n-]-c-am-b H-cp B-i-b-am-Wv): Ip-n-I-fp-sS hn-Zym-`ym-k-hpw hr--cp-sS ]-cn-]m-e-\-hpw F-m-h-cp-sS-bpw B-tcm-Ky-hpw hn-t\m-Z-hpw F-mw I-W-n-se-Sp- v Hm-tcm Ip-Spw-_- n-\pw Po-hn-m th- A-Sn-m-\ Im-cy-\n--bn-p-I; A-Xn-\v F-{X ]-Ww th-Ww F-p Xn--s-Sp- p-I; A-{X-bpw ]-Ww B Ip-Spw-_- n-\p In--W-sa-n A-hn-S-s B-tcm-Ky-ap- F-{X-t]-v F-{X th-X-\-n sXm-gn \-I-W-sa-p Xo-cp-am-\n-p-I; B I-W-n-s A-Sn-m-\-n Hm-tcm {]-tZ-i-pw sXm-gn kr-n-p-I C-Xv B-kq-{X-W-n-s

l-am-Wp \-p-tS-Xv. \n-c-h-[n tem-tIm--c-am-Xr-I-Ikr-n-n-p- \-ap-p X-\-Xm-b hn-I-k-\-am-Xr-I tem-I- n-\p Im-gv-N-h-bv-m B-Ipw. A-Xn-\p- ]-cn-{i-a- ]-e-h-gn-pw \-S-p-p-v.-

F--s\ B-bn-cn--Ww \-p-sS hn-I-k-\w?

F-\n-p tXm-p-p H-cp Zzn-ap-J-X-{-am-Wv C-m-cy-n th--sX-v.-

C--s A-Xym-]-ev--c-am-b km-l-N-cy-n Po-hn-Xw h-gn-ap-n-b P-\-hn-`m-K--p Xm-ev-m-en-Im-izm-kw e-` y-am-t--Xp-v. A-Xp ]-s, Cu A-h--bp-sS cm-{o-bw A-h-sc t_m-y-s -Sp-n-sm-pw A-Xn-s\-Xn-cm-b k-a-c-n A-Wn-\n-c-n-sm-pw B-I-Ww. A-s-n A-Xp \mw B-{K-ln-p- km-aq-ln-I-am--s {]-Xn-Iq-e-am-bn _m-[n-pw. Cu Xm-ev-m-en-I \-S-]-Sn-I-sm-w \n--ln-t- A-Sn-m-\-]-c-am-b Im-cy-am-Wv A-Xn-{]-[m-\w.-

C-p- F-m {]-iv-\--pw Im-c-Ww [-\n-I-s\-bpw Z-cn-{Z-s\-bpw kr-n-p-, H-cp-Iq--cp-sS A-zm-\wNq-j-Ww sN-p-, [-\n-I--Z-cn-{Z A--cw h-f-p-,ap-X-em-fn--am-sW-p \mw Aw-Ko-I-cn-p-p-sh-n,bp-n-k-l-am-b Im-cyw, A-n-s\-b-m- H-cp _-ZD-ev-]m-Z-\-km--n-I-{I-aw ap-tm-p-h-bv-p-I-bm-Wv. A-Xp Zo-L-Im-e-e-y-am-bn \n--bn- p-sIm--m-sX Xm-m-en-I-am-bn sN-p- F-pw ap-X-em-fn--n-s Zp-c-- e-Lq-I-cn-p--Xpw A-Xp-sIm-p-X-s ssh-cp-y- aq-n-v A-Xp kz-bw X-I-cp--Xn-\p- km-y-X-I C-m-Xm-p--Xpw B-bn-cn-pw. F-p-h-m,ap-X-em-fn- -s kw-c-n- p-\n- p- {]-hr- n-I B-bn-cn-pw A-Xn-\p-n-\n-p-sIm-p \-S-p- ]-cn-jv-m-c- F-v.-

A-Xp-sIm-p-X-s, ap-X-em-fn--n-\p _-Z hn-I-kn- n-t-n-bn-cn-p-p. \n-e-hn-ep- hy-h--sb B_-Z-en-te-p ]-cn-h-n-n-m-\p- ]-cn-]m-Sn D-m-tI-n-bn-cn-p-p. A--Xp sIm-w? \q-dp-sIm-w? A-tXm,sh-dpw ]- p sIm-w?

H-Iyp-ss k-a-c-, ap-- q hn--h-, cm-Py-kv-Xw-`n-p- ]-Wn-ap-S--, \-h-am-y-a--fn-se B-lzm-\w am-{Xw tI-p sX-cp-hp-I-fn-te-v H-gp-In-sb-p- P-\-a-lm-k-ap-{Z- am-- n-\m-bn {]-I-Sn- n-p- A-Z-ay-am-b B-{K-lw, A-h-cp-sS Xym-K-k---X, tem-I-sa-p-ap- a-lm-`q-cn-]--n-s Po-hn-Xw Zpx--l-am-Ip--Xv, aq-e-[-\-i-n-I Zp-c-aq-p Im-n-q-p- Nq-j-W-hpw hn-`-h-\-io-I-c-W-hpw [-\w Ip-p-Iq--epw A-gn-a-Xn-I-fpw, ` -c-W-Iq-S- P-\-hn-cp--cm-b tIm- -td-v-Z-m-fp-I-fm-sW-p kz-bw {]-Jym-]n-p--Xv, C--s P-\m-[n-]-Xy-n P-\--fp-sS hn-izm-kw \--s-Sp--XvH-s Im-Wp-tm am-w G-sd A-I-se-bm-hn-s-p-X-s tXm-n-tm-Ip-p.-

ap-s-mw tPm-en-sbm-gn-hvF- co-Xn-bn B-bn-cp-p sXm-gn- -c-ky-. F-m-en-v, w-_n-Mv ssh-Z-Kv-y-ap- H-cm-p sXm-gn B-h-iy-ap-vF- a-n-ep- X-e-Xn-cn-]-c-ky--fpw h-p-Xp-S-n-bn-cn-p-p. C-Xp-t]m-se, B-kq-{X-Ww H-p X-e-Io-gv a-dn-n-m \-sm-cp am-Xr-I D-m-hn-t?

hy-h-km-bn-I ]p-Xn-b D-ev-]-- hn-I-kn- n-p-p; A-Xv F-{X D-ev-]m-Zn-n--W-sa-v A-h Xo-cp-am-\n-p-p; A-Xp P-\--sf-sm-p hm-n-n-m F-{X]-c-kyw sN--W-sa-p Xo-cp-am-\n-p-p; A-Xn-s\-m-ap- sN-e-hp-I-fpw tN-p hn-e \n--bn-p-p; A-Xp\--sf-sm-s-mw hm-n-n-p ]-Ww t\-Sp-p; sIm--em-`w t\-Sp-p; C-Xn-s\-m-ap- ku-I-cy- ` -c-W-kw-hn-[m-\w H-cp-n-sm-Sp-p-p C-Xm-W-tm C--s co-Xn.-

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H-cp X-ew.-C--s\ k-aq-l- n-s s]m-Xp-hm-b B-h-iy-

Xn--s -Sp-n-bm A-Xn-\p-th- km-[-\--fpw tk-h-\--fpw km-aq-ln-I-am-bn D-ev-]m-Zn-n-p-I. em-`w ]q--am-bpw H-gn-hm-n-sm-p- D-ev-]m-Z-\-hn-X-c-W k-{-Zm-bw. tI-{o-Ir-X-am-b D-ev-]m-Z-\-kw-hn-[m-\w B-h-iy-ap- Im-cy- kv-t-n-s D-S-a--X-bn s]m-Xp-ta-J-e-bn D-ev-]m-Zn- n-p-I. C-Xn-\p- kw-hn-[m-\-kp-Xm-cy-hpw P-\m-[n-]-Xy-]-c-hpw I-gn-bp--{X hn-tI-{o-Ir-X-hp-am-bn B-hn-jv--cn-t--Xp-v.-

H- w ]-W-kzm-[o-\-n-\n-p ap--am-b b-Ym-P-\m-[n-]-Xy-hpw I-cp- n-Sn- n--Ww. \-p-sS {Km-a-k- -`IC-Xn-s _m-e-hm-Sn-I-fm-bn \-ap-p am-n- o-m-\m-Ipw.hn-I-k-\w A-kq-{X-Ww sN-p-I-bpw hn-hn-[ ]--Xn-I-fp-sS Kp-W-t`m-m--sf sX-c-s-Sp-p-I-bpw hn-I-k-\--\n-m-W-]--Xn-I G-s-Sp- p kp-Xm-cy-am-bpw P-\-]-m-fn--tm-sS-bpw \-S-m-p-I-bpw I-W-p-IP-\--sf A- -tm t_m-y-s -Sp- p-I-bpw H-s sN-bv-Xp tem-tIm--c-am-b am-Xr-I kr-n- \-p-sS {Km-a-k-` -I X-ev-m-ew h-y--cn--s -n-cn-p-I B-sW-n-epw ]q-m-[n-Iw i--am-b H-cp ]p-\--\n A-km-y-sam-p-a-.-

H-cp \n-tbm-P-I-a--e-n-se sam-w {Km-a-k-` -I-fn \n-n-X i-X-am-\w k-` -I \n-n-X tIzm-d-tm-sS tbm-Kw Iq-Sn X--fp-sS P-\-{]-Xn-\n-[n-bn A-hn-izm-kw tc-J-s-Sp- n -bm B Aw-K-s Xn-cn-p-hn-fn-m-\p- d-^-d-w (thm-s-Sp- v) \-S-m-\p- \n-b-a-hy-h- D-m-p-I-bm-sW-n C--s D- -c-hm-Zn--c-ln-X-am-b _q-jzm-P-\m-[n-]-Xyw A--h-pw P-\--fp-sS \n-b-{-Ww D--Xpw B-bn am-dn-t? Hm-tcm\-b-hpw ]-cn-]m-Sn-bpw P-\-{]-Xn-\n-[n-k- -`I Aw-Ko-I-cn-

pw-ap-v {Km-a-k-` -I-fn A-h-X-cn-n- v Aw-Ko-Im-cw t\-Sp- co-Xn F-{X-tbm A--k-p--am-Wv!

C-sXm-pw \-S-m- Im-cyw B-sW-p Rm I-cp-Xp-n-. Im-c-Ww, C-cp-n-sh-fp-p-tm A-h-km-\n-p--X--tm tem-Iw. A-dn-b-s-Sp- A-m-bn-c-tam B-dm-bn-c-tam sIm--s N-cn-{X-n kw-`-hn- hn--h-I-c-am-b am---sfm-s D-m-Ip-sa-v A-Xn-\p sXm-p-ap--s X-e-ap-d-I I-cp-Xn-bn-p-m-Ip-tam? A-Sn-a-wA-h-km-\n-p-sa-v, P-n-w A-h-km-\n-p-sa-v, cm-P-` -c-Ww P-\m-[n-]-Xy-n-\p h-gn-am-dp-sa-v, km-{am-Py--fp-sS tIm-f-\n-hm-gv-N A-h-km-\n-p-sa-v, Pm-Xn-hy-h-X-I-cp-sa-v, H-s A-X-Xp hy-h-n-Xn-I X-I-cp--Xn-

tIc-f K-kUv Hm-^o-tk-gv-kv A-tkm-kn-tb-j kva-cWnI 2013 kmn

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Kw Iq-Sp-X-em-Wv. A-Xp-sIm-p-X-s, am--n-s B-i-b- hn-I-kn- n-m-\pw {]-N-cn- n-m-\pw A-Xn B-Ir--cm-Ip- P-\-X-sb kw-L-Sn-n-p am--n-te-p \-bn-m-\p-sam-s ap--s-m th-Kw km-[n-pw. am--n-\p Xn-cn sIm-fp- n-bm A-Xv A-Xn-th-Kw ]-S-p-]n-Sn-pw.-

C-m-e-a-{X-bpw am--n-s e-y-am-bpw am--am-bpw \n--Xp am-Iv-kn-kw B-W-tm. tkm-hn-b-v bq-Wn-b-s X-I--bpw km-{am-Py-Xz-n-s B-tKm-fo-I-c-W-t-tcm--hpw A-Xn-s ` m-K-am-bn {]-N-cn- n--s - {]-Xn-tem-am-i-b--fpw \-h-en-_-d B-i-b--fpw C-h _p-n-Po-hn-I-fn-ep-m-b B-i-b-p-g- -hp-sa-mw B {]-Xo-

\p ap-p- X-e-ap-d-I kz-]v-\w t]m-epw I-n-p-m-Ip-tam? A-Xp-t]m-se-bm-Wv, \m-sf tem-Iw F--s\-sb-mw am-dp-sa-p \-ap-pw k--ev-]n-m-\m-Im--Xv. A-Xn-\-w tem-Iw am-dn- F---tm.-

hm- m-hn-\n-a-b-hn--hw tem-I-s B-tKm-f-{Km-a-am-n am-n-bn-cn-p- C--s-m-e- p am---p th-

Ip-n-I-fp-sS hn-Zym-`ym-k-hpw hr--cp-sS ]-cn-]m-e-\-hpw F-m-h-cp-sS-bpw B-tcm-Ky-hpw hn-t\m-Z-hpw F-mw I-W-n-se-Sp-v Hm-tcm Ip-Spw-_-n-\pw Po-hn-m th- A-Sn-m-\ Im-cy- \n--bn-

p-I; A-Xn-\v F-{X ]-Ww th-Ww F-p Xn--s-Sp-p-I; A-{X-bpw ]-Ww B Ip-Spw-_-n-\p In--W-sa-n A-hn-S-s B-tcm-Ky-ap- F-{X-t]-v F-{X th-X-\-n sXm-gn \-I-W-sa-p

Xo-cp-am-\n-p-I; B I-W-n-s A-Sn-m-\-n Hm-tcm {]-tZ-i-pw sXm-gn kr-n-p-I

C-Xv B-kq-{X-W-n-s H-cp X-ew-

-bv-p-ta tIm-cn-bn- sIm-Spw a-v ap-X-em-fn--n-\p _-Z-en-F- a-{-n-\p kzo-Im-cy-X G-n. A-Xm-Wp I-gn- Im \q-m-p \mw I--Xv. F-m,C--gn- Z-i-I-n-s c-mw ]m-Z-n-ep-m-b tem-I-am-yw `am-Iv-km-Wp i-cn F- ap-{Zm-hm-Iy-n-\p]n-d-hn-bpw kzo-Im-cy-X-bpw \-In-bn-cn-p-p. tem-I-sa-

pw am-Iv-kv ho-pw ]Tn--s -Sp-I-bm-Wv; A-tX--n-bp- ]p-Xn-b Nn--I D-b-cp-I-bm-Wv.-

\-ap-p sN-m ]-e-Xp-ap-v

k-a-Xzm-[n-jvTn-X-k-aq-l- n-te-p- ]-cn-Wm-a-n-\vG-Xp h-gn, G-tX-Xp ]-S-hp-I F-s-mw Xo-cp-am-\n-t--Xv A-X-Xp Im-e-n-\pw A-h--bv-pw tZ-i-n-\pw H-s A-\p-k-cn-m-I-Ww.-

C-m-e-a-{X-bpw B h-gn-v A-Sn-m-\-]-c-am-bn H-cpap-t-w D-m-bn-p-tm? Nn-m-tKm-bn-se a-lm-c--km-n-Xzw F-p-a-Wn-q-dm-bn A-zm-\w ]-cn-an-X-s -Sp-m-\pw H-w hn-{i-a-n-\pw hn-t\m-Z-n-\pw A-{X-bpw-ho-Xw k-a-bw t\-Sn-sb-Sp-m-\pw th-n B-bn-cp--tm.H-t-Im \q-m-n-\p ti-j-hpw h-b-dp ]n-g-bv--W-sa-n sXm-gn-em-fn ]-pw ]-{-pw A-Xn-e-[n-I-hpw a-Wn-q ]-Wn-sb-Sp--Ww. B-[p-\n-I-sXm-gn-ta-J-e-I-fn-tm-epw \-Kv-\-am-b Nq-j-W-hpw A-Sn-a- -Wn-bp-am-Wv.im-kv-{X-km-t-Xn-I-hn-Zy-I-fn A-hn-iz-k-\o-b-am-b ap-t-w D-m-bn-pw A-zm-\-`m-c-hpw A-zm-\-k-a-b-hpwIp-d-bp-I-b-, Iq-Sp-I-bm-Wv D-m-b-Xv. F-p-sIm-v?

km-t-Xn-I-hn-Zy-bp-sS h-f- -bv-sm-p sXm-gn-em-fn-I-fp-sS A-zm-\-k-a-bw Ip-d-bv-p-I-b-, F-w Ip-d-bv-p-I-bm-Wp ap-X-em-fn sN-p--Xv. C-Xv sXm-gn-hn-]-Wn-bn A-zm-\-ti-jn-bp-sS hn-e C-Sn-pw. A-tX-k-a-bw ap-X-em-fn em-`w Iq-m ]p-Xn-b ta-J-e-I I-s-pw. A-hn-sS Ip-d- hn-e-bn A-zm-\-ti-jn hm-pw. Cu {]-{In-b A-\n-b-{n-X-am-bn Xp-S-cpw. sXm-gn--tm-fw sXm-gn-c-ln-X-cm k-ar--am-bn-cn-p-tmF-s-n-epw sXm-gn In-p--h A-Xp \--s-Sm-Xn-cn-m F-{X Iq-Sp-X k-a-b-hpw tPm-en-sN-m X-m-dm-Ipw. Cu co-Xn-v A-dp-Xn-h-cp- n-tb Xo-cq.-

A-Xp-t]m-se-X-s, km--n-I-h-f- k-aq-l-n-em-sI D-m-Ip-tm A-zm-\-k-a-bw Ip-d-bp--Xn-s\m-w I-em--km-ln-Xy--kmw-kv-m-cn-I cw-K--fn-sem-sh-en-b ap-t-w D-m-tI--Xm-Wv. F-m I-e-bpw kw-kv-m-c-hp-sa-mw ap-X-em-fn-am X-s D-ev-]m-Zn-n-p hn-]-W-\w sN-p-I-bpw k-aq-l-s A-h-bp-sS D-]-t`m-m- am-{Xw B-p-I-bpw A-Xp-h-gn A-h tIm-Sn-IsIm-p-I-bp-am-Wv. D-]-t`m-K-kw-kv-m-c- n-s h-f- -bm-bm-Wp km-- n-I-h-f- ]-cn-h-n-n--s--Xv. A-zm-\- n-\p \ym-b-am-b {]-Xn-^ -ew \-Im-Xn-cn-p-I-bpw\-Ip--Xn \--]-pw ]-e-X-c-n X-n-sb-Sp-p-I-bp-am-Wv. Nq-j-Ww h-n-p-I-bm-Wv. C-Xpw am-d-Ww.-

D-ev-]m-Z-\w B-h-iym-[n-jvTn-X-hpw km-aq-ln-I-hpw B-

tIc-f K-kUv Hm-^o-tk-gv-kv A-tkm-kn-tb-j kva-cWnI 2013 kmn

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bn ]p-\x-{I-ao-I-cn-p--Xn-eq-sS am-{X-ta A-Xp km-y-am-Iq. ]-s, A-Xp km-y-am-tb Xo-cq.-

A-Xp-sIm-v, A--s\-sbm-cp Zo-L-Im-e-e-yw h-p-sIm-v \n-e-hn-ep- hy-h-n-Xn-bn A-Xn-\-\p-kr-X-am-b A-gn-p-]-Wn-I \-S- p-I-bm-Wp th--Xv. A---s km-y-X-I C-Xn-\p {]-tbm-P-\-s-Sp- -Ww.A-Xp ap-X-em-fn--s ]m- v -h-v sN-bv-Xp \n-e-\n-p-I F- e-y-tm-sS B-I-cp-Xv; A-Xn-s\ D-S-p_-Z Xo-p-I F- e-y-tm-sS B-I-Ww. A-Xn-\p- _-Z-am-Xr-I-I hn-I-kn-n-p-sIm-m-I-Ww.-

\mw tI-c-f- n hn-I-kn- n- B-kq-{X-W-hn-tI-{o-I-c-W-hpw P-\-Io-bm-kq-{X-W-hpw {]-tXy-I D--c-hm-Zn---tfm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b {Km-a-k-` -bpw Ip-Spw-_-{io-bpw km--c-Xm-b--hpw ` q-]-cn-jv--c-W-hpw ]mTy-]--Xn-]-cn-jv--c-W-hpw H-s am-Xr-Im-]-c-am-b _-Z-ep-I B-W-tm. A-Xp-sIm-p-X-s-bm-Wv A-h-sbm-s A-\y-kw-m-\- ]-I-p-I-bpw cm-Py- n-\p ]p-d- p--h-t]m-epw h-p ]Tn-p-I-bpw H-s sN-p--Xv.

C--s\-bpw tem-I-s am-m-\m-In-t? am-w \n-b-X-am-b k-{-Zm-b--fn-eq-sS-bpw \-S-]-Sn-{I-a--fn-eq-sS-bpwam-{X-ta kw- -`hn-q F-p I-cp-Xm-\m-hm- tem-I-km-l-N-cy--fm-Wp \mw C-p Im-Wp--Xv. ap-X-em-fn-w{]-h-n-n- (Capitalism doesnt work) F- ap-{Zm-hm-Iyw ap-X-em-fn--n-s ]-dp-Zo-k-bn, [-\-aq-e-[-\-n-s tem-I-X-e-m-\-am-b hm-kv-{o-n--s, D-b-cp-tm, P-\-]-m-fn--ap- P-\m-[n-]-Xy-n-s am-Xr-I-I ]-e _q-jzm-P-\m-[n-]-Xy-cm-Py--fn-epw sN-dp-ta-J-e-I-fn-se-n-epw ]-co-n--s -Sp-tm, B-pwH-pw X-n--f-bm-\m-hn-.-

th-Uv tkm-jy t^m-dw t]m-ep- s]m-Xp B-tKm-f th-Zn-I C--cw B-i-b--fp-sS ssI-am--th-Zn-I-Iq-Sn B-Wv. tem-I-am-sI _-Z-ep-I-m-bn ]-e-X-cw A-t\z-j-W- \-S-p-I-bpw A-Xn-\m-bn ]-c-kv-]-cw D-p-t\m-p-I-bpw sN-p-p.-

A-n-s\-bp- am-Xr-I-I h-tXm-Xn kr-n-p-I-bpw tem-I-n-\m-sI kzo-Im-cy-am-p-I-bpw sN-p-IF--Xm-Wv C--s A-Sn-b--c-I-S-a. tem-I-n-s ]-co--W-im-e-I-fn H-m-b tI-c-f- n-\v C-Xn h-en-b]-p-v. `th-Ww a-sm-cp tI-c-fw F-pw a-p-ap- ap-{Zm-hm-Iy- D-b-n hn-hn-[ {]-m-\- Cu Zn-i-bn-ep- {]-h--\--fp-am-bn ap-tm-p t]m-Ip-I-bp-am-Wv. Cu a-tlm-Zy-a-n an-I- kw-`m-h-\-I sN-mC-Sp-n Pn--bv-p I-gn-b-Ww. A-Xn-\p- h-en-b Xp-S--am-I-s Cu ]-cn-{i-aw.

\mw tI-c-f-n hn-I-kn-n- B-kq-{X-W-hn-tI-{o-I-c-W-hpw P-\-Io-bm-kq-{X-W-hpw {]-tXy-I D- -c-hm-Zn- --tfm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b {Km-a-k-`-bpw

Ip-Spw-_-{io-bpw km--c-Xm-b--hpw ` q-]-cn-jv--c-W-hpw ]mTy-]--Xn-]-cn-jv--c-W-hpw H-s

am-Xr-Im-]-c-am-b _-Z-ep-I B-W-tm. A-Xp-sIm-p-X-s-bm-Wv A-h-sbm-s A-\y-kw-

m-\- ]-I-p-I-bpw cm-Py-n-\p ]p-d-p--h-t]m-epw h-p ]Tn-p-I-bpw H-s

sN-p--Xv.